初中英语说明文思维导图（经典20篇）

My friend is Mei. She’s a girl. She is my classmate.

Mei is tall and thin. She has two big eyes and long hair. She likes listening to music and reading books. Sometimes we listen to music together. She likes summer. Because she can swim in the summer holiday. She likes pink and white. She is in Class Four, Grade Six with me. She usually goes to school by motor cycle. Sometimes she goes to school on foot. We often go shopping together on the weekend.

We will be friends forever.

What do you usually do in your spare time to relax yourself? Let me tell

you some ways to.First of all, you can stay in bed for a while, sleeping makes

people feel good.Secondly, you can join your friends in some fun parties, talks

with friends will let you feel comfortable.Thirdly, you can go outing alone. You

can either breathe new fresh air in the mountains or you can take a look at how

beautiful the nature looks like.Fourth, why dont you just play sports with your

family? Youll feel tired if you do too much exercise once, but it keeps you

healthy and energetic.Whats your opinion?

题目：李小虎沉迷于电脑游戏中，影响了学习。作为他的好朋友，你打算怎么帮他呢?

请用下面所给的提示词写一篇短文。

提示词： give up concentrate on be (become)interested in

Li Xiaohu spent too much time playing computer games and he fell behind others. As a good/close friend of his, I must do something to help him.

First, I think it’s very important for him to learn lessons well. He should spend most of his time on his study instead of computer games. Secondly, I must tell him that playing computer games too much is bad for his health, especially for his eyes. So he must give it up. I can play more sports with him after school. Maybe he will become more interested in sports than computer games. And then Ill ask him to concentrate more on his study. Of course, I will try my best to help him with all his subjects. I think I can do it in many fun ways and let him find much fun in studying. At the same time, Ill ask both his parents and our teachers to help him, too. If I try these, Im sure he will make great progress soon.

[电脑游戏初中生英语作文

篇一：生活好滋味

独坐一隅，读懂了田野，读懂了春风，读懂了小巷中的古木韧藤，读懂了青山绿水中的魂牵梦系。然而，读不懂的是那处在浪漫与现实交界处的生活。

罗曼。罗兰说过，“生活这把犁一方面割破了你的心，一方面又掘起了新的源泉。”

是的，生活就是这样，它把浪漫与现实集于一身，容不得你雾里看花。遥想当年那“力拔兮山气盖世”的霸王，现实的惨痛也不得不把他从美好的梦幻中拉了回来，面对刘邦的穷打猛追，他最经只得在乌江一刎而去。昔日那亲率江东八千子弟勇战杀场的豪气，就在这乌江边上随风散去。无人了解他的自刎究竟是因无颜面对江东父老，亦或是为了虞姬，但唯一的事实是现实的生活是残酷的，它更不容许你只一味的在浪漫中度日。

“江东子弟多才俊，卷土重来未可知。”倘若项羽能在浪漫与现实之间获得一种新的感悟，或许他会在古代历史中留下回行的篇章。

其实，在人的一生中浪漫是极为重要的，因为它能给人带来一种幸福，一种凌驾腾空的如痴如醉的感觉，以排遣心情的不悦。“诗仙”李白正是因他在官场上的失意而在浪漫主义的诗句下寻找慰藉。但我们经究不是圣人，所以人间烟火我们还是要吃的，那么就不能完全沉迷于虚幻玄奥的浪漫之上，不然现实会把你打入冷宫，无法抽身。

足以见得，生活中的浪漫与现实是如此的紧密相连，应该缠绵的无法割舍。只有如此，你的人生才会色彩斑斓。

假若你也想感悟生活滋味，那么便要尝尽人生五味果，缺少任何一样，你的生活空间都无法充满。

浪漫与现实是生活的线，把各式各样的五彩空间连成一串，便构成了心中的彩色长虹。要用你的慧眼去洞察生活的一切，一切的生活。

篇二：精神和身体双保健

如今，洪水滥、空气污浊、噪音严重危害人类健康等问题如同恶魔紧紧缠绕着人类，的人在它们手中丧命。俗话说：“魔高一尺，道高一丈。”解决这些问题的办法归根结底只有两个字：绿化。可别小看它哦，它的好处多着呢。

绿化，乃植树种草也。种植这些含有叶绿素的植物，对改善空气质量有很大的帮助。

首先，绿色植物可以在阳光下进行光合作用，吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气。研究表明，植物每生长1吨，可以产生5吨氧。每公顷树林每天可以吸收1吨二氧化碳，产生0。735吨氧气；每公顷草地每天能吸收0。9吨二氧化碳，产生0。6吨氧气。充足而洁净的氧气能让人类身心保持健康。

其次，地球上的树林每天可向大气中散发1。7亿吨萜烯物质，这种芳香物质具有无可比拟的杀菌能力和兴奋作用。

然后，绿色植物对空气中的灰尘、粉尘有良好的过滤和吸收作用，并能阻挡工作粉尘向空气弥散。据测定，大气通过林带，可使粉尘量减少32%—52%，飘尘量减少30%。

你知道吗？森林中的负氧离子可达到10—100万个。负氧离子能调节神经系统的兴奋和抑制状态，改善大脑皮层的功能。医学专家模拟森林的神奇作用，把负氧离子引进病房。结果发现，当环境中负氧离子与正氧离子的比例控制在9：1时，对气喘、烧伤、溃疡、外伤病人的治疗可起促进作用。

除此之外，绿化还有吸收噪音、减少水土流失等功能。把你的一份力量投入到我国的绿化事业中去吧，那一抹绿意会向你慢慢诉说它的好处，花香能治病能保健，同样也能致病能伤身，空气中花味过于浓郁，氧含量相对减少反而会刺激人们过度换气，使血液中氧含量降低，会出现头痛、头晕、恶心等症状，部分过敏体质的人，受到有些花粉的刺激，会出现过敏性哮喘，过敏性鼻炎。例如，兰花能帮助缓解热咳，也可能会起催生作用，兰花香闻得过多，使人过于兴奋而产生眩晕感；百合花香使人兴奋，但时间过长，会感到头晕，还可能让人失眠。

篇三：我家的读书屋

我家是个典型书香家庭，家里的书不计其数，光是我的书，就占据了两个四层书柜，可见我们家的书很多吧！我们家每个人都有自己可爱的绰号，妈妈是“书虫”，我是“书迷”，爸爸则是“买卖书商”，这些名字颇有特色，因为妈妈特别喜欢看书，有时还跟我一起交流，所以书虫的名字最适合她；我则是班上的读书大王，说都不用说了；老爸也毫不逊色，也很爱看书，他有一个当当网会员，所以我和妈妈都“冒用”他的用户，去买书，所以叫“买卖书商”。

我们家读书故事很多，最有趣的是我和妈妈一起读《假如给我三天光明》，我和妈妈在一次吃饭中，我偶然谈论到这个话题，妈妈立刻滔滔不绝的讲了起来，妈妈真是看的认真，妈妈先谈论起海伦的老师，也就是了不起的安妮。莎莉文老师，妈妈很正经的说：“安妮老师太了不起了，既然可以将一个既盲既聋的孩子培育成震惊世界的天才作家，实在了不起，还能忍耐小海伦任性的性格。

海伦也很优异，最后考上了著名的哈佛大学，真是了不起呀，黄宇轩，你要多学习她的坚强不屈的性格。”我也很认同，海伦老师确实了不起，为了考一考妈妈有没有认真读，我故意出题，问了妈妈几道比较难的题，妈妈既然很好又很有道理的回答了我，几乎把这本书背下来了，我发现，我妈妈还在我的书上坐上了批注，看来，妈妈读书真是认真呀！

我爸爸也是很爱读书，我跟他一起读了《汤姆索历险记》，爸爸读完了后，就跑到电脑房，啪啪啪的敲了起来，我偷偷地走进去一看，原来爸爸在写一篇简短的读后感呀！我也问了爸爸几个书中的问题，爸爸也都流利的回答了，而且我爸爸回答时，还有自己独特的见解，看来，他还没有变成“书痴”，有一次，我爸爸在看这本书，我走进房间了他都不知道，真是沉浸在了书的世界里面呀！我爸爸读书还愿意跟我交流，说出自己的见解，评论人物，我们可快乐啦！

我们家的书香气氛很浓重吧！我们生活在书的世界里，真是快乐幸福！

篇四：低碳生活

以前，我总是把电灯开上个彻夜到明，水从晚上滴到明早，冰箱塞满乱七八糟的东西。这样，既浪费水，又浪费电…

现在，我听到了城市在宣传倡导低碳生活，我渐渐有些懂了。我开始了“低碳生活”。

首先，低碳的生活方式，就是在生活的细节上注重节能减耗。除了做作业必须开灯之外，其余的事情都靠窗外的照明灯来相助。因为我们的客厅大，窗外的照明灯照进来都可以醒目地看到室内的一切，吃饭时，真像一桌“烛光晚餐”，这真是一大盏“天然的灯啊！”只要我洗好手，就都把水龙头拧的紧紧地，不让水“逃”出来，这样，我就可以安心了。但我又担忧爸爸妈妈会不会做好，每次看见爸爸妈妈进洗手间洗手并顺其自然的把水龙头关紧，我十分高兴，我希望“低碳家庭”会做的更好。

冰箱里放着乱七八糟的东西，妈妈说很浪费电，我灵机一动，想出了妙招：于是，我就拿起以前堆积如山的硬纸板，把它做成一个个大小不一的盒子，上面贴上了各种分类的标志，然后，按分类去整理，不一会儿，冰箱变得又干净又整洁，焕然一新，一眼就目睹摆放整整齐齐的东西。这样，既帮助了我们，又节省了电。原来，电器开着，就连小小的手机电池在插座上插着时都会排放出可怕的二氧化碳，只要充完电就应该将电池立刻取下。我本来以为，二氧化碳只有汽车尾气、煤炭燃烧这些会排放，没想到生活中处处都有微弱的“碳”在侵害着我们大家的生活和地球。

每当我看见妈妈要把洗衣粉的桶扔掉时，我会上前去阻止。我会把它做成一个小垃圾桶，有的像个洋娃娃，粉嘟嘟的脸，可爱极了！有的又的像只小动物，活灵活现的，真像一道美丽的“风景”！当夜幕降临，晚饭过后，路边的霓虹灯为夜晚增添了一份光彩，老爸总是把家里所有的灯都关掉，只剩下一片伸手不见五指的黑暗中，然后，趴在窗户上，一边欣赏路边的风景，一边唱着一首歌：“月亮代表我的心……”真是五音不全，一塌糊涂。

养花是妈妈的爱好。家里的吊兰、常春藤一年四季都是绿意盎然。在每个炎炎的夏日，妈妈总会把花搬进家里来，大家看着那些绿色，允吸这那些绿色，心中顿时感觉丝丝的凉意，有了好空气又养眼，真是一举两得啊！这么好的家居环境，并且充满了创意的小欢乐。

篇五：期待的价值

深夜，独坐窗口，望着远处那隐隐的灯光，不禁陷入了沉思。

每天晚上我都喜欢这样坐着，望着远处，思考着什么，而今晚，我又在思考这个简单又深奥的问题：期待的价值。期待，我们每个人的这一生还算少吗？可是，我们期待的又是什么呢？期待的又有多少价值，多少意义？这，不值得思考吗？

如果说花儿最终能变得绚丽多彩，那是因为她们有过开放的期待；如果说河流能够无止息地运动，那是因为它有过流动的期待；如果说雨露能够滋润大地，那是因为它们有过奉献的期待……于是世间又多出了因为期待而美丽的景象。期待，就是这样得伟大。因为期待，杜甫才能吼出“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜”的壮志豪情；因为期待，陆游才会吟出“王师北定中原日，家祭无忘告乃翁”的衷心期待；因为期待，太白才会叹出“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”的辉煌志向。

合上历史的书籍，我发现，但凡成就之人，都有伟大的期待。他们期待的，不仅仅是自己肉体上的慰藉，更是心灵的高远理想，与世人的切实利益。这就不仅仅是伟大了。

历史上，太多的人期望能不朽，这对于他们来说，是做梦都在想着的梦，而他们大多都腐朽于历史；另一类人，当然也想不朽，可是他们无暇顾于自己，而追求更伟大的东西，也许他们会变得一贫如洗，家徒四壁，可是他们确有了最宝贵的东西：永生。他们活在了人们的心中！这就是真正期待的价值

期待永生的人，数不胜数；永生期待的人，寥寥无几……

一、抓住事物特征，把握说明中心

任何事物都有其自身的特征，它是区别于其他事物的标志。写说明文时只有抓住事物的特征，才能把被说明事物准确清晰地介绍给读者，让人们对事物有确切的了解。抓住事物的特征进行写作，也就是抓住了说明的中心。当然，事物往往有多方面的特征，想在一篇说明文里面面俱到地加以介绍是不可能的，只能根据需要一次谈一两个特征。例如:鸭与鸡都是家禽，都会走路，都有两翼，都可以做肉食。但要写一篇关于鸭的说明文，就要抓住鸭区别于鸡和其它家禽的特征。与鸡相比，它喜欢在水上生活，尾部能分泌油脂;有一双掌状的蹼，会划水;嘴又长又扁，等等。抓住鸭的这些特征进行说明，就可以使人对鸭的生活习性和外形有了一个清楚的认识。不同的事物固然有各自不同的特点，同类事物也往往有着差异，这些差异也就是它们的特征，写说明文时要紧紧抓住这些特征。如《中国石拱桥》一文写的是赵州桥和卢沟桥，两桥都是石砌的拱桥，相同的地方很多，但也各有特色。茅以升先生就抓住了它们各自特色，进行对比说明，使读者认识了两座桥的不同形状、结构和艺术风格。

抓住事物特征，把握说明中心，这是写好说明文的一个基本要求。要做到这一点，关键是要对事物进行深入细致的观察、分析、比较、研究，做到真正熟悉被说明的事物，并且掌握这一事物本身的特点和规律。只有这样，才能很好地说明事物。

二、针对具体情况，选好说明角度

写文章都是具有针对性的，比如说写给什么样的人看;写文章也是有目的性的，比如通过文章要解决一个什么样的问题。例如，写关于落花生的说明文，如果读者对象是农民，目的又是为了向农民传授栽培落花生的技术，那么，就要根据落花生的生长规律，从如何栽培才能夺高产的角度去说明，重点说明怎样选种、选地、播种、施肥、管理等。如果对象是厨师或食品加工厂的工人，目的又是为了介绍如何加工食用落花生，那么就应侧重说明花生仁的营养价值以及如何加工、配料才能使花生仁更加可口等等。我们中学生在写说明文的时候，可先设想为谁而写，这样就能针对具体情况进行说明，不至于把文章写得散乱无章，目的不明确。

三、讲究结构安排，做到条理分明

文章的条理性是客观事物、事理本身特点、规律在文章结构上的反映。说明文解说事物、阐述事理就要按这些关系来安排说明次序，使之层次清楚、主次分明。例如，四川大邑县“地主庄园陈列馆”中的“收租院”里，有若干泥塑人物像，……。这些画面相对独立，是并列关系。地主收租时设有四道关口，依次是验谷关、风谷关、过斗关、算帐关。每个交租农民都要过四关。从第一关到第四关，是先后关系，这些个别的实例共同揭露地主对农民进行残酷剥削和压迫的罪恶，这就是“收租院”的总体概貌。这个总体概貌与各体实例成为总分关系。《收租院解说词》一文就把握了这些关系。采取先总后分的写法，开头扼要地介绍了地主刘文彩残酷剥削和压迫农民的罪恶，接着按照泥塑画面排列顺序，分别介绍，突出了有压迫和剥削就必然有革命和反抗的基本思想。

并列关系的事物，还要注意方位顺序，或从上到下，或从前到后，从左到右，从外到内，从近到远，等等，只有按照这些顺序去写才能条理清楚。例如《故宫博物院》全文是介绍一座古建筑群，作者按照先总后分的办法，条理明了地介绍了这座雄伟的建筑群。写建筑物局部时，层次也十分清楚。如写太和殿的一段，先从外后到内，介绍大殿外面时又按照从上到下的顺序，由天空到殿顶直到台基。介绍其内部时又按从中间到两旁，从前到后，由上到下，由远及近的顺序依次说明，给人以清晰的印象。

介绍生产过程的说明文，应按生产的时间顺序说明;介绍植物生长的说明文应考虑其生长顺序，依次说明，当然不管哪类说明文都应注意主次分明。

四、注意语言艺术，提高说明效果

说明文语言的特点是朴素平实，且常使用专门术语，容易给人枯燥乏味的感觉。为了提高说明的效果，必须在语言上下一番功夫。说明文的语言不在于堆砌华丽的词藻，而在于用语确切、精当、通俗、风趣。

怎样才能做到这一点呢?

首先，在仔细观察事物，透彻了解事物特征的基础上选用最能确切地反映客观事物的词语加以说明，尤其要注意恰当选用限制范围大小、表明条件关系之类的词语。如《中国石拱桥》中说到卢沟桥:“桥宽约八米，路面平坦，几乎与河面平行”。一个“约”字说明桥面并不恰好是八米，这里只取约数;一个“几乎”说明路面平坦的程度基本上与河面平行，但还不是完全平行。《看云识天气》中“天空的薄云，往往是天气晴朗的象征;而那些低而厚密的云层，常常是阴雨风雪的预兆”。这里形容云的形态特征的词语和表明时间性的词语配合用，十分确切，十分精当。

其次，要注意掌握和运用好必要的专门术语，防止说“外行话”，例如“航天”和“航空”是两个不同的概念，飞机在大气层内飞行，称为航空;卫星、飞船在大气层外飞行称为航天。它们是采用不同的飞行器在不同的空间来完成飞行任务的。写文章时必须注意诸如此类的区别。

再次，适当运用比喻、拟人、拟物等修辞手法。例如《中国石拱桥》一文开头:石拱桥的桥洞成拱形，像天上虹。用“虹”来比喻石拱桥，很形象生动，使读者清楚地了解了石拱桥的外形特征。再如《大自然的语言》中，作者用比喻、拟人的手法说明“花香鸟语，草长莺飞”都是大自然的语言，劳动人民根据这些现象掌握季节规律，安排农事。这段文字由于运用了比喻、拟人等修辞手法，不仅通俗易懂，而且生动有趣，饶有兴味。

How To Be A Happy Kid

Good morning, dear judges!

My name is Joyce. Today I will give a speech about How To Be A Happy Kid.

Everyone deserves to have a happy childhood. We all know, life isn’t

easy all the time, even for children.

One time I didn’t do well on a math test. It was the first time for me

to get such a low mark. I felt miserable about it. When I got home, without

saying a single word to my parents, I rushed into my own room. I sat down

in front of my piano. Unconsciously, music came out from my fingers. I was

lost in the beauty of the music. My heart flew with the song in the air. The

piano music was just like a wise old man consoling me with soft words. After

playing the music, I felt very calm and happy.

We shouldn’t lack for joy in life. The key is to find ways

to be happy. For me, playing the piano helps me初中物理 find the road back to

happiness. For other children, they might find it other ways, like by

singing, dancing, playing soccer or helping people. But for all of

us, it should come from knowing our parents love us.

I am a child. Children shouldn’t worry about anything. I wish every

kid is a happy kid.

Thank you for listening!

[初中英语作文如何做个快乐的孩子

With the development of the modern society .more and more people have difficulty in sleeping.someone may take some sleeping pills.But almost it doesnt work.

A famous doctor ever said that sleeping problem would be an important thing.As the doctor said.If you cant sleep well,youll not concentrate on everything.Also you will lost the intrest in everything.It is sleeping pills that could help you with sleeping.But it could cause many other changes in your body.

on average.60 per cent people has the problem.To solve the problem in a healthy way is usefull such as take exercise、have good deals and so on.If you follow this advice,you will have a good body.Believe yourself you can do it.

A few days ago, the movie Red Sea Operation was very hot and people were

very impressive about the policemen, who saved the citizens lives in a very

urgent situation, some even sacrificed their lives as the price. We live in a

peaceful country. This is because policemen protect us all the time, and they

are the great persons. March 14th is the policemens day, people make this day

for them and show respect. They deserve the publics praise. They sacrifice so

much, such as the time to accompany their families. Many childrens future dream

is to be a policeman, as this career brings the public hope and future.

Xiamen is a beautiful seaside city! Come to Xiamen to play the visitors

will be praised thumbs. There are many beautiful scenery in Xiamen, such as

Gulangyu scenic spots and historical sites and beautiful scenery of egrets Chau.

Not only that, Xiamen Cuisine is a lot more. In addition Xiamen also enjoys the

title of "civilized city".

Xiamen not only has beautiful scenery, food is delicious surprise. Gulangyu

Islet pie is very characteristic, where the pie tastes the skin is very crisp,

taste very good, very popular. There are Fried leek dumplings, Fried leek

dumplings is a traditional good point of Xiamen, Fujian and Taiwan folk. Fried

leek dumplings Xiamen early in the prestigious. Fried leek dumplings made of

spiral, epidermal layers with crisp, delicious, crispy and delicious to eat.

There are Griddle Cake, Griddle Cake also called chunbing. Its skin is thin and

flexible, it is delicious, but not greasy. During the festive season, many

places have the custom of eating Griddle Cake. If the volume will become "good

Griddle Cake fried fried Spring rolls, eats is another taste.

Xiamen, ah, you are really a beautiful place!

What kind of environment should be? Ought to be beautiful, but also should

be to let people feast for the eyes, but now all of you take a look at the

environment, beautiful? Let people feast for the eyes? The answer is no.

So what should we do? Today, Ill give you some advice to protect the

environment, the content is as follows:

We live earth is deteriorating rapidly, did we have to pay attention to

their own living environment cause harm to nature, you must not throw sundry,

especially those serious pollution of garbage, waste batteries, for example,

because the section waste batteries contain heavy metals, if flow to clean the

water, it is very much pollution, then try to save trees made items such as

paper, pencils, because waste these things is the destruction of the forest.

Also try to use less disposable lunch box, chopsticks and plastic bags and other

items, so as to avoid unnecessary waste and reduce waste.

There are some tips: walking to closing the master switch, in order to

avoid electrical appliances overheating explosion, a waste of money and waste of

electricity, save water, to shut the tap when brushing your teeth, wash dish

water to rice, rice water to water the flowers, wash water can sweep the floor,

so we can reduce some waste. 12 dont hunt wild animals, animal protection is

absolutely cant kill, but dont kill the common animals such as frogs, because

frogs eat 15000 bugs for us, and most are pests. Some people often dont think

that is, the stubborn still, so we should try to eat less wild animals, lead to

wild animals, the drop in sales no longer killing of wild animals.

Our forest is called oxygen plant, so to take good care of flowers and

plants, not to destroy the city greening, and actively participate in. But also

to cut down trees less, dont waste wood items, because waste these things is to

destroy the forest, so be used sparingly, to protect the forests of less and

less.

Use energy saving lamps to replace the ordinary light bulb, although some

expensive but can use less electricity. I appeal to you: in our daily actions to

protect earths environment, let our children and grandchildren live in a

beautiful environment!

从四年级开始，我学会了下象棋，渐渐发现这小小的棋盘也反映着偌大的人生。

两人对弈，胆大者棋风泼辣，刚开局便全线出击，奋勇前进，大有“气吞山河”之势;胆小者重于防守，步步为营，举棋不定，惟恐一招致败，便坚持“人不犯我，我不犯人”的原则;稳重的人深思熟虑，棋风矫健，貌似平静，却早已成竹在胸;轻浮的人急躁冒进，急于求成，行棋不思后果，终因一叶蔽目而全局败北;工于心计的高手第一局故意输给对手，增其傲气，灭其防备之心，而暗探对手套路，以谋对策，且言“君子让头局”，真可谓名利双收，尔后避人之长，攻人之短，处处陷阱，请君入瓮，直杀得对手连局皆输，俯首称臣为止;高傲自大之徒往往瞧不起对手，摆出一副惟我独尊、盛气凌人之势，对手也往往被“震”住了，此等人心理虽胜人一筹，但并无真才实学，也难有胜局……人们不同的性格、不同的心态都在这楚河汉界中表现得淋漓尽致。

棋之静，如一池春水，波澜不兴;棋一旦化静为动则狼烟四起，杀戮大开，双方死伤无数，这气势决不亚于硝烟滚滚的战场。

棋逢对手确是一件快事，双方坐定，大战三百回合，直杀得天昏地暗，仍不分胜负，双方都免不了心情烦躁，偶尔大意失荆州，被对手抓住机会，穷追不舍，确认败局已定，胜利无望，忽又眼前一亮，柳暗花明，回马一枪，直捣黄龙，对手亦无防备，终以败局告终。此时顿觉特别畅快，回味无穷……

其实人生也就是一局棋，生活便是对手，是不易言败的对手，自己也只有在行棋中吸取经验，总结教训，不断完善自我，方能取得胜利。所以，与其说棋如人生，不如说人生如棋。

People’s whole life is not too long or too short. They have experienced

many things in their life journey, such as, success, fail, happy, sad, and

excited and so on. What about dreams? Some people think that they have so many

things to deal with in the limit time. How can they spend time for dream? It is

a waste of time. However, some people regard dreams are as important as their

life. People can’t live without dream. In my opinion, I agree with the latter

idea.

First of all, dreams provide life motivation for human beings. If a person

has a dream, he will try his best to take every chance to reach it. Even though

he will meet many difficulties on the way, even has to give up, but he will

renerve in the end. It is because he has dreams, and he has the desire to see

the day his dream come true. So no matter what obstacle he meets, he has the

motivation to overcome. This is the power of dreams.

In addition, life without dreams is meaningless. We often see that when

someone talks about his dream, his face is full of smile. It is because dreams

give him hope and fun. No matter the dream is easy to make it or not, when the

people think of it, they will have the beautiful vision to fight for. But if a

person who don’t have a dream, he would not know what he should do and can do.

His life is confused and meaningless.

In a word, dreams look like the lighthouse in the ocean. It gives people

motivation and the meaning of their journey. It is so significant that everyone

needs dreams.

Tomb Sweeping Day is on the April 5th every year. Its a day to show our great respect to our deceased ancestors. On that day, we usually sweep the tomb of our ancestors and offer them food and drinks. We also burn paper money to them. It is believed that our ancestors in heaven will receive the money. Besides, everything in our nature takes on a new look on that day, so its the best time for spring outing. It must be fun and relaxing.

The plan for the new term

Another new term comes again,so I should have a study plan to promot myself.

Firstly,I descide to finish my homework more carefully than before.And pay more attention to the knowledge which I didnt know it clearly.

Secondly,I will do a lot of read to widen the range of my knowledge,and try to combine thoery to practice.

Finally,I will learn to adjust, to be more positive and more helpful.

Thats what I plant to do in a new term.

What is happiness What is happiness? There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand peoples eyes. though everyone has different opinion about happiness .i will list some views about it.

In my class ,some students think putting heart on study is happiness,For they can earn much kownledge throngh it.Besides ,parentslove,which contains caring for their life、health would also make them feel happy.Howere some students think it is a hapiness when they get into trouble,someon ecan come out for help .Or correcting them when they made mistakes.

In my opinion,happiness is something which can be easy to get .when one need help,you can give he or her one hand on time ,you will feel happy.when we are walking on the street.i happen to listen my favorite songs.that wll make me happy.Do you agree with me ?

[幸福是什么初中作文英语精选

Since I went to school, I spent a lot of time in study. My classmates and

teachers are just like my families. We almost meet each other every day. My

teachers help me a lot. When I meet problems in study, they are very patient and

help me to figure out the answers. When I have trouble in getting along with

other students, they will talk to me and comfort me. I am so thankful to them,

because they care about me just like my parents. I respect them so much. In my

heart, they are the great people. I must study hard so that I can return their

love.

Over the last page calendar in 2010, time wheels and leave a deep imprint.

With winter snow after the warmth of the sun, in the joyful mood, 2011 to keep

the New Years day.

New Years day, is a connecting link between the preceding and the node.

The New Year is about to begin, standing on new starting point, the aftertaste

is past, have heavy harvest; Looking ahead, waiting for us is the beautiful

future. After a busy year of you I, can at this time to make a little stay,

close your eyes, bathed in sunshine, enjoy harvest thick feeling. From this day

started again, we will have a new targets, and on a one-year new journey.

The grass sprout out of the earth, clouds scud across, and year after year,

annual similar different. But, has not changed for New Years day is my

expectation.

When I was young, every New Year comes a few days ago, the morning wake up,

the first thing is bare bottom from woli leafing out of nowhere, then this

calendar day several times of snapping to finger countdown. Young Im such a

keen on New Years day this festival, in fact, only to have something good food,

new clothes to wear, but also need not go to school.

New Year dyed the our happy childhood, pulled close distance we grow up.

Slowly, I from elementary school, junior high school, arrive at the university,

blossom years as accelerated film a flash and pass. This years New Years day,

we are in a busy spent, work overtime everyday, we need to make very late. In

order to finish the task smoothly, we are often a pack of instant noodles, a

computer, four people take turns input. In order not to delay working, teacher

Chen just will just go to the kindergarten children locked in the home. The

nearest xiaoliu has also been no home, and together we live in the dormitory,

have a meal. Less childhood innocent romance, much work responsibility, also

enjoy our work of fun. During, no one has complained, increasingly mature we use

special ways of enjoying the unique New Years day holiday. As a word that said:

"even though we cannot stop the passage of time, but we can dominate oneself

mood."

New Year, new opportunities, we need a new struggle. Wind is being tidal

flat, hereunder sails; No matter what happens, the more must be quickened his

horse. In the New Year, let us follow temple head, with the development of steps

to the glorious future -- -nikita Khrushchev and walked on.

初中英语作文 《祖国的变化》

Great changes have taken place in China. Many new buildings have been built in cities, towns and villages.

The more cars we have, the more crowed the roads are. So the roads become wider and wider. Many overpasses (立交桥) have been built in big cities. Chinese people’s life is much better than ever before. We have Tv sets, washing machines, fridges, even computers, cars etc.

We’ll study harder and make our countrry stronger and more beautiful.

Environmental protection is every one of us to do, make the responsibility

of each of us, once you live in the earth, you have to protect the environment,

because we want for our children and grandchildren, give them a good living

environment, and not to harm the environment and harm to our children and

grandchildren.

Its our duty to protect the environment, and some people said: this is an

important task, we are a little, it should give the big man to do, we have to do

is not to undermine. In the face of this, many people agree, and I object. In

fact, environmental protection is more than a great thing, or do we all the

citizens of these things, and they will go to the governance, we control our

things, mind your own affairs, because environmental protection from a small

one.

Protecting the environment is a small thing, not throwing away a piece of

garbage, cutting down a tree, not using disposable items... Maybe, if you are

qualified, recycle a piece of garbage, plant a tree, and use one item again...

Its all about protecting the environment, its so simple, you dont have to do

it harder, its just that simple.

Protecting your environment is protecting yourself and your children, and

you dont want to be the end of the world in 2017.

从近年来全国各地的语文中考试题看，说明文在整个试卷中所占的比例也逐年增大。其难度也在逐年提高。下面是小编帮大家整理的初中语文说明文阅读基本知识及答题技巧，希望大家喜欢。

一、说明文基本知识

1、概念：说明文是以“说明”为主要表达方式，用来介绍或解释事物的状态、性质、构造、功用、制作方法、发展过程以及内在事理的一种实用文体。

2、与其它文体的区别：议论文以理服人，哲理性是它的主要特点；记叙文以情感人，形象性是它的主要特点；说明文以知授人，知识性是它的主要特点。

3、说明文的分类

事物说明文：如《苏州园林》，说明“务必使游览者无论站在哪个点上，眼前总是一幅完美的图画”的特征。

事理说明文：如《死海不死》，科学的说明了死海不死的原因在于“海水的咸度很高”。

二. 阅读技巧

(一)阅读说明文要注意从以下几个方面入手：

第一招：善于找准说明对象。

第二招：善于概括说明对象的特点。

第三招：善于分析说明顺序。

第四招：善于分析说明方法及其作用。弄清楚了说明方法的特点，分析它们在文章中的具体作用。

第五招：善于分析说明文的语言。

第六招：善于分析引用古籍或名言的目的。先要理解所引古籍或名言的含义，现联系说明的内容，看看这两者间有何内在联系，就能领悟其引用的目的了。在说明的开头文段或中间叙述有关的故事，究竟起何作用：在文章开头叙述故事，其目的往往是为了引起读者阅读的兴趣，或者是为了引出说明对象。在文章或段落中间叙述故事，往往是为了增强说明文的可读性，同时也为了说明事物的来源或作用。

第七招：善于完成开放性问题。中考说明文阅读，根据“新课标”中要求“注意领会作品中所体现的科学精神和科学思想方法”的要求，说明文阅读考查的题目势必要引导学生关注人类、关注自然、关注生态环境、关注科技进程、关注未来发展，有利于培养学生的科学态度、科学思想、科学品质、科学精神和科学方法。

（二）说明文阅读一般涉及11种题型：

1、考查说明对象：

答题技法：其一，要看懂题目，不少说明文题目本身就表示说明对象，如《中国石拱桥》、《苏州园林》等。其二，抓住首括句和中心句。说明文往往需要运用首括句和中心句来提示说明重点，包括说明事物的特征。反之，如果需要为说明文的语段加一个标题，也可以用说明对象作为标题。

回答时形成一个短语：本文介绍了……的……(对象加特征)。

例：《看云识天气》介绍云和天气的关系及怎样看云识天气。

2、被说明事物的特征：

答题技法：尽量从原文中找原词原句，若没有，则注意段意、中心句。

例：《中国石拱桥》三大特点：历史悠久、形式优美、结构坚固。

3、说明方法：1、常见的说明方法有：举例子、分类别、下定义、摹状貌、作诠释、打比方、列数字、列图表、引用说明。

2、常见说明方法的作用：

①、举例子：通过举具体的实例对事物的特征/事理加以说明，从而使说明更具体，更有说服力。

②、分类别：对事物的特征/事理分门别类加以说明，使说明更有条理性。

③、作比较：把__________和__________加以比较，突出强调了事物的特征/事理。

④、作诠释：对事物的特征/事理加以具体的解释说明，使说明更通俗易懂。

⑤、打比方：将__________比作__________，从而形象生动地说明了事物的特征/事理。

⑥、摹状貌：对事物的特征/事理加以形象化的描摹，使说明更具体形象。

⑦、下定义：用简明科学的语言对说明的对象/科学事理加以揭示，从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征/事理。

⑧、列数字：用具体的数据对事物的特征/事理加以说明，使说明更准确更有说服力。

⑨、列图表：用列图表的方式对事物的特征/事理加以说明，使说明更简明更直观。

⑩、引用说明：引用说明有以下几种形式——

A、引用具体的事例；（作用同举例子）

B、引用具体的数据；（作用同列数字）

C、引用名言、格言、谚语；作用是使说明更有说服力。

D、引用神话传说、新闻报道、谜语、轶事趣闻等。作用是增强说明的趣味性。

（引用说明在文章开头，还起到引出说明对象的作用。）

4、说明顺序：有条有理地把事物的特征或事理介绍清楚。

时间顺序：即以事物发生、发展的时间先后来安排说明顺序，从而写出事物的发展变化情况。这种顺序一般用于人物的生平介绍、科学观察记录，说明事物或事理发生、发展或制作过程一类的说明文。

空间顺序：即按照事物的空间存在形式，或从外到内，或从上到下，或从前到后，或由远及近依次进行说明。这种说明顺序，一般用于说明事物的形状、构造特征。

逻辑顺序；即按照事物或事理的内部联系成人们认识事物的过程来安排说明顺序。由总到分（或由分而总）、由主而次、由现象到本质、由原因到结果、由个别到一般（或由一般到个别）、由抽象到具体、由整体到局部（或由局部到具体）等。

说明建筑物、景点等通常按照空间顺序说明。介绍事物各阶段的特点或制作过程时，往往采用时间顺序。介绍抽象事理时，则往往需要采用逻辑顺序。

近几年说明文选段多为科技类说明文，此类说明文一般是事理说明文居多，故多用逻辑顺序。

5、段意概括：

句式：说明了……介绍了……

方法：找中心句；结合本段说明特征概括，摘要联合，结合标点，尤其注意分号，认真提炼。

6、“这样”的指代义：指代上文距其最近的一句或几句内容。

7、段落语句顺序：

为什么不能调换段落顺序？

不能调换：原文采用由……到……的顺序介绍事物，调换后不合逻辑。

《向沙漠进军》5、6段照应上文游击战、阵地战顺序。

总分关系中分说部分与前文总说部分顺序相照应。《看云识天气》

8、语言准确性：类型1、加点字词有何作用？抓住说明文语文准确这一特点答题。

对策：答：准确/生动形象/地说明了事物“……”的特征/事理。 类型2、能否替换为另一个词语？并说明理由。

对策：答：（1）不可以。（2）原词的意思或内容。（3）所换词语的意思或内容。（4）换了后意思有何改变，与不符合实际。

类型3、限制性词语能否删去？

对策：答：（1）表态（删还是不删）。（2）定性。如：“比较”“几乎”“相当”等词表程度修辞；“大约”“可能”“左 右” 等表估计，“多”“有余”等表数量。（3）若删去，原来什么样的意思就变成了什么样的意思了，不符合实际，太绝对了。（4）xx词体现了语言的准确 性、周密性、科学性。

类型4、从文章中找出一个能体现说明文语言“准确”特点的词句，并体会。

类型5：指代——“这些条件”、“这种现象”“同样道理”等在文中具体指代什么。对策：一般指的就是代词前面的那句话，找最近的一句话。有时要注意可能不是整句话，而是其中的一部分。

9、说明文的结构。

说明文的结构常见的形式有：“总——分”式、“总——分——总”式、“分——总”式、并列式、递进式等。

10、考查能否从阅读材料中捕捉重要信息，对段落的内容进行归纳；对全文要点进行概括。

技法：认真仔细阅读原文，一般都能从原文中找到答案。

（例：“死海之变”中“死海已发生了哪些巨大的地质变化？

答：（1）海水水体的分层结构消失（2）海水中的硫化氢消失（3）盐的沉积增多。

11、发散创新：近几年，开放性试题以它答案的多元性和不唯一性成为培养学生创新精神和实践能力的一种重要形式，在考试中所占的比例也越来越大。综合各地开放型试题我们可以看出。这类试题大概从以下方面考查：

（1）对说明内容进行创新性的表述。

（2）对某种现象发表自己独特的看法和见解。

（3）结合实际对某个问题谈自己的认识。

（4）根据文章内容进行合理性的推断和大胆想象。

（5）由文章内容延伸到现实生活，对现实生活中相关现象进行解释。

（6）对人类关注的环境问题等提出解决的方法，拟写警示性标语、建议、广告等。这种题考查的是学生的综合能力。考查的是学生对生活的关注情况。做好这类题首先要让学生对所给材料有准确地把握，然后充分调动已有的知识和经验。再迁移到文段中来。开放性试题，虽然没有规定唯一的答案，可以各抒己见。但在答题时要从三个角度作答：

（1）是就材料回答问题。不一定按标准答案作答，意思答对就给满分；

（2）是阅读材料后受到的启示、感想。这样的答案也是具有个性化的；

（3）是从材料出发，或提出自己不同的看法。或扩散联想到其它方面。

总之。这类试题在训练理解能力的同时。训练表达能力，对答案的表述不能只靠一个符号或一个词语来完成，要写成一句或一段完整的话。在答题的同时有助于增加学生主体参与意识，扩大学生独立发表见解的余地，鼓励学生的创新意识和探究精神。

（三）对说明对象的把握。

看题目、首括句、尾结句或提问式语句。如果是事物说明文，被说明的事物既是说明对象。如果是事理说明文，说明对象则是对象加特征，答案形成一个短语：介绍了……的……。如：《看云识天气》，介绍了云和天气的关系及怎样看云识天气。

考察对说明事物特征的把握。

答题技巧：尽量从原文中找原句作答，若没有，则注意段意、中心句。如《中国石拱桥》中关于它的三大特点：历史悠久、形式优美、结构坚固。

（四）说明文写法分析

1、结合说明方法谈

规范性的答题模式如下：

这篇文章主要运用了……的说明方法，说明了……（内容：事物特征或事理），使说明……（作用：参考前面说明方法，明确其作用）

2、结合修辞手法谈

规范性的答题模式如下：

这是一篇生动地说明文，大量地使用了各种修辞手法，说明了……（内容），使文章的说明形象生动。

3、结合表达方式谈

记叙、描写使说明更具体形象；抒情、议论使说明更有感情。那么，从这个角度分析说明文的写法，答题的规范性格式如下：

这篇文章综合运用多种表达方式，除了说明外，还有……（从“记叙、描写、说明、议论”根据内容选择），如……（具体举例），就是……（表达方式）的运用，使说明更具体形象/充满感情。

（五）说明语段的作用

（1）、结构、内容作用：引出下文、承上启下、总结全文/前文。

有时在文章在开头，还起着引出说明对象/说明事理的作用。

（2）、结合说明方法谈。

通过……的说明方法，说明了……（事物特征或事理），使说明……（作用）。

People always say that life cant goes on well all the time, because we

will meet all kinds of difficulties. When we are students, we want to get

improved and do well in the exams. When we graduate and find a job, we need to

finish the task that boss has assigned. Even the time comes to retire, we still

need to find something to do. Setback is part of life, and we should get used to

it. When we face the difficult time, we should consider it as a test for us and

when we get through it, we will gain valuable experience. The pleasure we get

makes us proud.