高中英语介绍学校作文合集20篇

Spring - It is quite late now, though it was not late to me before at this clock. I should not stay so late I know. When one is getting old,he knows more about life. I think I do. I never felt time passing from me so fast like now. I always belived that the days would be splendid in the future . But I have came to know - it is not certain. I have came to understand what life is. Life is to be limited. I can say I dont fear death for I know it is part of nature. Once I talked with my friend, I said I could accept death, death of everybody, including myself. I know everyone who is existing in this world now will disappear one day. It is our destiny. How should we face it? Cry or smile? Looking at the blossom on the trees outside the window,I still remember the flowers falling down last year. Did they cry? I didnt ask them so I didnt have answer to this question. I saw the yellow leaves dancing in the air last autumn, I didnt ask if they were sad either. I just saw them flashing in the sunlight, like the good dancers with good rhythm...

Spring, I never had strong feeling to spring before last year. Some people said spring should be a happy season. But I never sensed that. I always liked the autumn because I thought autumn was a romantic season. I liked summer when I was very young for I loved my skirt with lace.Now, I still like autumn and summer,while I like spring and winter. Before I disliked the various colors of the flowers,and I thought they are flighty and superficial. I thought only only the blue ocean is deep, the golden autumn is elegant. However, now I have a different idea that I find spring wonderful. I like the blossom in the field and in the moutain. From them I am spirited with life.

Spring has come, in every corner of the earth were full of spring.

Campus, full of the glad Lu like. Willow willow out of the thin, top decorated clean the yellowish leaves; grass aroma with a drilling mud out in bunches, A host, nice green flowers are also stretched, played a yawn, unearthed a small head; children all took off their heavy winter clothes, put on another bright light both spring; the birds flew out from the house, singing sweet songs, tell us: Spring is coming !

Spring is really here, in the pond, the fields, in the sky, glow with vitality everywhere. Natures beauty has become rich together. A clear day, warm in the sun on the body, soft spring breeze brush his face, both warm and comfortable: the rainy day, bursts of spring thunder exploding from time to time, both thrilling and exciting.

Spring scenery is so beautiful, spring, the mood even more beautiful. Rickets an entire winter backs straight, and cheerful smile full of hope. Parks and lively up, photography of young people, old people fishing, catching insects, children, one by one intoxicated in the arms of nature, linger.

Spring, people are more busy. As the saying goes: at the spring. You see, in the citys streets, was busy shuttling back and forth to figure, rural land, the farmers are sown the seeds of hope. The walls of the classroom close to the new semester curriculum, books and new books, there are a lot of knowledge of many waiting for us to pick fruit.

I love spring, I like to smell the fragrance of flowers, to see the new green trees and hear the singing of small Ukrainian. I love spring because it is full of vigor, full of new hope!

大家好！我是晨洋，一个喜欢听广播，热爱播音的文艺青年！

20XX年的暑假里，偶尔打开了收音机，听到了里面动听的音乐，还有主播优质的嗓音，从此，便被这神秘的电台和好听的声音，所吸引！

在高中和大学的时光里，收音机一直陪伴我左右；2005年，我开始对播音主持有了浓厚的兴趣，梦想着自己在电台直播间里，戴着耳机，对着麦克风，眼前是调音台，与听众一起分享快乐！

20XX年的暑假，我提前跟电台的主播李姐约好，一起合作一次热线点歌，短信互动的音乐节目，在直播间里与听众的交流，那种感觉真好！做完节目，我和在李姐导播室里聊天，我告诉她我非常喜欢广播，对播音主持有着浓厚的兴趣；但却遭到了她的反对，她说：“你的声音不适合做播音主持，当好可以，但是你干不了这行，有点自知之明吧！ 比如我对象，他非常喜欢打篮球，也没见他变成姚明啊！”我笑着说：“姐，我真的很喜欢这个行业，很喜欢电台！”

她又接着说：“说明白一点，你的声音不好听，人家新闻频道王哥，他的声音大气浑厚，有穿透力！你的声音跟人家声音相比，简直就是一个天上，一个地下！”

她的话给了我很大打击，走出电台，我坐车回家了，好几天吃不下饭，感觉自己傻了一样，浑浑噩噩，朦朦胧胧，但是对于电台的热爱，终究没能让我放弃梦想！依然打开收音机继续听广播，依然坚持着自己的广播梦！

7--8年过去了，尽管我没学这个专业，也没去从事这方面的工作，但是我一直没有放弃，我也一直在努力着！我深知勤能补拙是良训，一分辛劳一分才；我期待着通过努力，梦想能够早日照进现实！晨洋，加油！

Blair is my classmate as well as my best friend. We have already known each other for ten years. We live in the same block so that we always go to school together. She has long hair, big eyes and sweet smile, which makes her popular in my class. Blair works hard and she is a good student in the eyes of teachers. Besides, she is clever and kindhearted. When others turn to her for help, she always tries her best to help. I feel proud to have such a good friend.

xx year of the rooster has coming, as a child, I love the first day of the year so much, because I can get a lot of money.

When I see the elder, I say some good words to them, then they will give the lucky to me money in return. I meet a lot of elder in a day, so I get much money, it is a satisfied day for me.

1.你的学校位于什么地方

2.校园景色如何

3.你对同学和老师们的感受如何

4.请谈谈你对你学校的感觉等..

（在哪自己写吧）.First here is our favourite place our beautifui garden many trees and many flowers in it. then you can go into it .Now,you know why we love it right .we can write red and chat in it.(tell you a secret:I like it because it is cool in summer and warm in winter

Now,I will tell you more about my friends &teachers. Over here teachers are friendly to us,so we never say a bad word about them.Because of these,students can get good grades at my school.(Would you like to come?)

I think my school is one of the best schools in the world.Because we have good teachers good students and everything is beautiful. I like it, every at it likes it.

[我的学校初中英语作文

California is west of the United States and is divided into San Francisco and Los Angeles. As soon as we get there, we can see many advanced equipment and spacious roads, so that we can know that the United States is a vast country.

In the mountains of California, huge waterfalls can be seen. Squirrels are running on trees. Apart from the mountains and green mountains, there are also Disneyland and universal studios in the city. Disneyland has a household name, Mickey Mouse, and many childrens favorite cartoon characters, with scary haunted houses, crazy roller coasters... And so on.

Now, though, the California have developed many forests, but also some forests have been preserved, let the squirrel can run in the trees, the fish can swim in the water, swimming birds in the sky fly, let the animals keep beautiful homes.

This trip to America let me know the importance of nature to us, so we should love this beautiful home.

I am a first-year student in Nanjing University. Every day, I have a very busy and full schedule.

Education is very important to students. The reason is that our achievement determines whether or not we can early out duties to our country in the future.

I get up early every morning to prepare my lessons. Then I attend classes. The last two periods in the afternoon are usually free. I spend them either on the sports ground or in the library. In the evening I try to complete all the assignments on time.

On the weekends, I like to watch TV or go to the films.

Being a student is hard work, but studying makes you a useful person and it is also full of joys when you are ahead of your classmates in all subjects.

I love small animals very much, but my favorite is the puppy.

The puppy is not big, but the head is big. There is a pair of small triangular ears, faces are small. A pair of gem-like flexible and translucent big eyes, a round yo black nose. The body of the hair was yellow, smooth like painted a layer of oil. Tail hairy, often swing to swing, feels very comfortable.

Puppy eating food will be issued a little sound, eat quickly, it seems hungry look. Sleep when motionless, very quiet, a movement to lift his head to see, nothing to keep lying on the ground to sleep. When you play the game, if you are happy, will be hard to put the tail, jumping to the distance, the tongue often stretched out.

Because my neighbor has a puppy, so I often play with it. Puppys head is big, I called it "big head". Once, I just returned to the door, see the dog playing on the roadside, running around. I was ready to open the door, the dog immediately ran over, shook his head in front of me, as if very welcome me.

I really like this lovely and naughty puppy! I believe you will like this "big head" it!

My favorite little animal - puppy.

Good morning, Dear Professors:

it is my pleasure to introduce myself to you. My name is  MSJ. I major in Pesticide Science and I will graduate from the Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide Northwest A&F University in July ,2015. Hope a chance to work and develop myself in your department.

I passed the CET band 6 test in2012， after that， I tried my best to learn Medical English and mastered a lot of professional vocabulary. I can manipulate computer proficiently and master Microsoft Office software， also be familiar with SPSS and Photoshop.

During the past three years， under the strict guidance of my tutor， professor MA.I have learned systematically the theory of profession and got the basic manipulative skills about Phytochemistry. With the help of my supervisor， I have successfully finished the subject “Agricultural Activity of Alkaloids from Cephalotaxus

sinensis ” and grasped some experimental skill ， such as abstraction， separation， ….. ..

I am looking forward to working in your department. If I am admitted， I will be thankful and try my best to work for you.

That’s all, thanks!

Since I go to middle school, I have to learn many subjects. Though I am not

the best student in class, but I won’t give up. I always tell myself to work

hard, because if I want to compete with other students, I need to make great

effort. People are easy to deny themselves when they face difficulty. If they

fail one time, then they will doubt the effort they have made. Actually, we are

not studying in vain. What we learn will be a great help to improve ourselves.

The thing we learn decides what kinds of person we are. So don’t deny yourself,

as you will see the value you have stored before in the future.

I always dream of becoming a teacher, because teaching is the most glorious project in the world. Nothing is more important than education to a nation. Im honored to devote myself to education.

我一直梦想成为一名教师，因为教师是世界上最光荣的职业。对于一个国家来说没有什么比教育更重要。我很荣幸能为教育献身。

As far as I know, a teacher can be described as a candle. Hes very kind-hearted and generous; Hes wise and intelligent; Hes diligent and hardworking. He has the willingness to help others, so people always speak highly of teachers.

据我所知，老师被喻为蜡烛。他是非常的善良和慷慨的；他是明智和聪明的；他是勤奋和努力的。他乐于助人，所以人们都高度赞扬教师。

If I could be a teacher, I would be very honorable. After all, my major is English Education. I must take up this career. Now my dream comes true, so I will work harder and harder. I believe I can make it.

如果我能成为一名老师，我会感到很光荣。毕竟，我的专业是英语教育。我必须要从事这个职业。现在我的梦想成真了，所以我会更加努力地工作。我相信我可以做得到。

[高中英语作文：我的未来计划

each examiner：

i call/**， come from shandong province。this year is 21 years old， ， is a student who will soon graduate。

passes the foundation knowledge that the teachers guidance controled a calculator with personal effort firmly in the school。mainly studied c language at the software aspect。 c#。 java etc。 plait the distance language， the data structure， vf。 access etc。 database is applied， calculator operate system。studied the dreamweaver web page manufacture and the asp network to weave a distance also。studied the calculator network at the hardware aspect， the calculator construction with www。oh100。combine many times to attend to pack machine， set the fulfillment of the net operation lesson， make me control the work principle of the calculator and the set of the calculator network net process。

in addition， i attend various activities of the school organization to come to the oneself of 锻炼 actively and do various part—time to increase social experience。the teacher is divided into the group to us in the experiment and practice of the lesson remaining to complete mission， make we the deep comprehension arrive the importance of the team。the and the rise time acquires the school scholarship during the period of school， three staffs。

however necessarily limited at the knowledge that the school learn， therefore i would ready to take advice study in the later work， the backlog working experience， the exaltation work ability。hope your company to give me a displays an own opportunity！

this with the result that。

salute

I have many friends. but my best friends is tom.he is 12 years old.he has short black hair.he is talktive.he is in grade 6 class 6. we are in both class. he likes palying football.we often playing football after school.we are best friends.

I am a 10 years old boy. Smart and handsome. I am proud of myself. Because

I can get perfect scores in Chinese, math and English. It is not good enough, I

am also proud of being an elder brother. That is a Friday evening, my baby

brother was crying all the time. My parents were both cooking for dinner.

I said to my mum; let me look after this little thing. My mum said, “are

you sure you can?” “Yes, believe me I can.” I answered. Then mum went to the

kitchen. I went towards my baby brother. “Oh baby, don’t cry. I will sing a song

for you…” I carried him and sing songs for him. After a while, he was asleep. I

was so tired. My parents were happy and praised me a good boy. This is my first

time to look after my baby brother and I feel proud of myself.

Hello，everyone！Nice to meet you！ My name is .I come from . junior middle school .I like English very much。 Usually， I listen to some English music. I think that English is very useful in the future so I study hard at it。 I have many friends . We help each other in the study and life。I love them very much. Thank you very much.

Nowadays, as the development of high technology, people like to use

computer, they use computer to read the news, to play the game and so on. Now

more and more computer functions have been developed, people like to do business

on the computer, it saves people a lot of time and it is very convenient.

Shopping online is most people’s choice today, but it has disadvantages. First,

the products will be not in good quality, people can’t touch the products, they

only can see the pictures, so they can’t figure out the real products’ quality.

Second, when people pay the money online, they will have the chance to leak out

their message, their online account will be attacked by the hackers and thus to

lose the money. Of course, shopping online is more and more popular, we must

take care of personal message when shopping online.

Hello, my name is_______. Iam_______years old. Now I amstudying in_______Primary School. I am inGrade_______, Class_______.

I live in_______. Thereare_______members in myfamily—father, mother and me. My father isa/an_______； my motherisa/an_______. I lo(）ve both ofthem.

In my spare time, Ilike_______, and my favoritecolour is_______. I also love__________very much,such as________________.

I hope I can learn English well,because I think it very important. But_______ is favorite subject,because it is very interesting.

I wish I can become a_______in the future.

Hello, everybody, let me introduce myself a minute you know me, know me and accept me.

I am from Shandong xxx, 20 years old this year, my hometown in Chongqing, Sichuan has given me straightforward character, and yet steady, then the long journey to the city of Nanjing to study.

In fact, when the first came to college to learn with a certain ideal of my heart out, some depressed at first, but after some time, I recognize the truth, it is optimistic about the Internet Professional. "The 21st century is the century of network interconnection."

This remark is not false, as the Internets development, it has stuck for the 21st century to take off.

Later, interest in continuous culture process, I began to become interested in the Internet the next three years, I will continue to progress in the study spent.

我们的学校高中说明文1

东电中学位于德阳市火车站的北面。校园内环境优美，建筑面积广，是教学的好地方。

学校大门东向开，大门正上方塑着四个大字——“东电中学”。每日太阳升起时，这四个字金光闪闪的。

走进大门，首先映入眼帘的是一条笔直的大道。大道两旁栽种着一排排柳树，细长的柳枝在清风的吹拂下翩翩起舞，显得格外优美。大道左侧的柳丛下，有一大片绿地。如茵的绿草中，矗立着一块非常显眼大石头。这可不是一块普通的石头，上面刻着两个大大的字——“求适”。这是我们学校的校训，意思是让每个学生找到适合自己的学习方法，得到最好的发展。而大道右侧的柳丛下，立着几扇整洁的宣传窗，展示着学校概况、历届学兄学姐的风采、学生近期的活动剪影等。这可以说是我们学校的历史、现实长廊。

宣传窗的背后，也就是大道的北面是运动场。运动场有着标准的400米塑胶跑道，跑道上100米、110米、4×100米交接点清晰可见。运动场的正中是一个标准的足球场，每到放学时或假期，球场上人流量就很大，这些是东电厂退休老人和爱好体育的青少年。我们平时上体育课也在这里，这个运动场还是我校集会和开展大型活动的地方，从平时升国旗到“校运会”、“校庆”等活动都会用到它。

大道的尽头耸立着一栋两层高的白色建筑，那是我们学校的综合楼。别看就只有两层，它可是我们学校的中心。教导处、德育处、收费处、校务主任室都在这儿，校医室、阅览室、图书室、音乐舞蹈室，多功能阶梯教室也全都汇集在这儿了。怎么样，麻雀虽小，五脏俱全吧。

这栋南北走向的综合楼，把我们的学校分成了内外两部分。里面部分主要是高中教学区，外面这部分主要是初中教学区。

我们初中教学区主要建筑包括三教学楼、四教学楼和一座学术报告厅。三教学楼就在进门时那条大道的南边，与大道平行，几乎与大道一样长。三教学楼的南边是四教学楼，两栋楼间以天桥相连。我们的教室就在四教学楼的二楼。在这里，我们每天都过得充实而又快活。

学校最漂亮的地方就是三教学楼和四教学楼间的花园了。花园的中央有一个小池塘，池塘里种着些睡莲。每到春暖花开的时节，八角学术厅旁的海棠花了，火样红的花朵倒映在水中，宛如一条条轻灵活泼的鱼儿在莲叶间穿梭，让人不能不惊异初春时节居然就能欣赏“鱼戏莲叶间”的美景了。初夏时节，花园中翩然而来的蝴蝶，更是同学们课追逐的宠儿。至于秋天，那就更不用说了，果子熟了，馋得同学们直流口水，有不自觉的同学竟然趁人不备偷偷地去摘果子呢。

东电中学还有许多美丽的地方，要一览她的英姿，就只有你亲自来一趟了。

我们的学校高中说明文2

我的学校，地处风光旖旎的鄱阳湖旁，是一所规模较大、设备较完善的现代化中学

走进校门，第一眼看到的便是一个半圆形的大广场。广场是由米色、蓝色的砖铺成的，两边各有一个小花坛。再往前看，就看见一幢很高的小楼，那就是我们学校的观光楼了。

往里走进去，右手边的墙上，贴满了我校自建校以来历年所获得的奖项。

把目光左移，就到了我校的图书馆了。图书馆环境清幽，内有藏书46000余册，全国性报刊杂志达100多种。在拥有这么多书的图书馆内看书，可真大大丰富了我们的知识。

走出图书馆，向右转，走上几节台阶，就到了我们学习的地方——教学楼了。教学楼共有四层，我们的教室便在第四层的最东边。 教室长约8.5米，宽约6.5米，高约3米，前后有两扇门门两边都是窗户。在教室的前面，是黑板和多媒体。上课时，老师可以用多媒体教学，这样一来，我们的学习就更加方便了。

教室里共有48张桌子，我们每天就是伏在这橘黄色的桌子上学习的。

教室的后面，是我们班同学出的黑板报，还有时钟。时钟“滴答滴答”地走着，仿佛在提醒我们，要珍惜每一分、每一秒。而从黑板报上，我们可以了解到更多课本上学习不到的知识。

我们在这教室里学习。在这教室里，有我们沮丧的声音，也有我们的欢笑声;有我们朗朗的读书声，也有我们考试时刷刷的写字声。 从教室的窗子向右望，可以看见2号教学楼，有15个教室。在2号教学楼东面是综合楼。综合楼上有实验室、微机室、音乐史等教室。2号教学楼的西边，是我们的操场，上有长250米的环形跑道和篮球场。

走下教学楼，来到学校最南端，那里就是我们学校较为集中地绿化地区了。

在两片绿草地中间，有一个小的圆形场地。圆形场地和校门口的广场一样，也是用蓝白相间的砖铺成的。草地边还有用石头铺成的小路。

圆场中间是一个圆形的大花坛，坛里种着花和一棵大树。树的左边，是一排成半圆形的石椅。石椅上方，是用木头做成的架子，架子上爬满了藤。我们班人便用一句话形容了那里：“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家。“

像这类的绿化还有许多，如食堂边的规划从，操场一角的桃花从，2号教学楼边的石榴树，都一样有着自己的故事。

学校，永远不应该是楼群的简单拼接，也不应该是知识的简单传接。这里的一棵树、一朵花、一块石头，都应该有自己的故事，不同的故事。

这里不仅是我们学习的地方，也是把我们青春留住的地方，是留在心灵深处的一份永远的怀念。

我们的学校高中说明文3

岐山县第三高级中学位于岐山县北环路上，这座学校不像其他学校一样有着悠久的历史，它始建于二十一世纪，它的前身是岐山县范家营高中，这座学校对面是岐山县高级中学，可能是受到它的影响，因此这座学校有着浓厚的学习气氛。

走进学校，映入眼帘的是一座高大的雕像，它叫“托起明天的太阳”这座雕像矗立在这座学校的中轴线上。雕像的北面是实验楼和老师办公楼。东面是一个不大的小卖部，西面是几座红墙黑瓦的小房子，听说这几座房子还有一个来历：据说当时是因为几个外国人来到这里以后没地方住，所以才依照他们的喜好盖了这几座“洋房”。

经过雕像继续往里走，就到了教学楼。教学楼总体分为两大部分，中间是一个巷道。经过巷道又有一个雕像，这个雕像是两个人奔跑的样子，这座雕像栩栩如生，雕刻的人物表情非常严肃但却不呆板。听说这座雕像叫做“奔向未来”。雕像后面就是学生公寓，公寓下面是一个不大的餐厅。

顺着学生公寓右侧的一条小路可以到达操场，操场是一个长约100米宽约80米的一个长方形。操场上有各式各样的运动器械，还有一个弧形的跑道。

这所学校布局非常合理。老师办公楼、教学楼、学生公寓楼、餐厅等使人一目了然。这所学校也有很深的文化内涵。圣语墙、雕像、墙上的字画等，总之所有的让你认为不起眼的地方都可以找出一些富有内涵诗句、字画或标语出来。

这就是我们的学校，我爱我的校园。

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

Nowadays, electronic music is very popular around the world. First electronic music got popular from Lady Gaga, her creative dressing styles caught people’s attention and then people started to notice her music. They fell in love with her electronic music. Unlike rock and roll music, electronic music is more favorable by me. It makes me excited and I am totally lost in the wonderful music. Once my friends and I went to a music festival. There were so many people standing there and listening to the music. Especially when the DJ came out and everybody got excited. When the DJ played electronic music, my friends and I shook our bodies and joined the crowd to dance. It was such a wonderful experience for me. I will never forget the power of electronic music. It brings people together and share the same emotion.

电子音乐现在在世界各地都很受欢迎。电子音乐是从Lady Gaga开始流行的，她奇特的穿衣风格引起了人们的注意，然后大家开始注意到了她的音乐，并且爱上了她的电子音乐。它跟摇滚音乐不一样，我更加喜欢电子音乐，这可以让我兴奋。我完全迷失在美妙的音乐中。有一次我和我的朋友们去了一个音乐节。很多人站在那里听音乐。特别是当DJ出来时，每个人都很兴奋。DJ播放电子音乐时，我和我的朋友都扭动着身体，加入了人群中跳起舞来。这对我来说是那么奇妙的经历。我永远不会忘记电子音乐的力量，它使人与人走到一起，分享着相同的情感。