初三英语环保作文带翻译（汇编20篇）

导语：在即将到来的暑假里，你准备做什么呢?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢! ​

In the coming summer holiday, I am going to do a lot of interesting things.

First, I will finish my holiday homework. Second, I am going to have a good rest. I am going to play computer games or listen to music when I am free, because I like them very much. But I am not good at them now. Then, I will join a basketball club to play basketball. Even if I was a girl, I like basketball very much. It can not only make me become sunny, cheerful, but also can make me healthy. Finally, I am going to visit some of my friends. We are going to play together. Maybe we will go sightseeing.

I think I will have a great summer holiday.

【参考译文】

在即将到来的暑假，我打算做很多有趣的事情。

首先，我会完成我的暑假作业。第二，我打算好好休息一下。我打算在我有时间的时候玩电脑游戏或者听音乐，因为我很喜欢它们。但是现在我却还不擅长。之后，我会参加篮球俱乐部来打篮球。虽然我是个女孩，但是我却非常喜欢篮球。它不仅可以使我变得阳光，开朗，而且也可以使我健康。最后，我要去拜访一些朋友。我们打算一起去玩。也许我们会去观光。

我觉得我将会有一个很棒的暑假。

How time flies!I have studied in my school for three years. And I will graduate from middle school in a month. I am eager to share my happiness and sadness with you.

I had so many memories in three years’life. On of them impressed me very much. I still remember，when I began to learn English，I found it too difficult. No matter how hard I tried，I still couldn’t do well in it and almost gave it up. As soon as my English teacher found my problem，she had a talk with me about how to learn English well. Since then，she has kept helping me.

Little by little，I’ve become interested in English and I’m good at it. I think I am so lucky to become one of her students. I’ve learned a lot from her. I will try to help others when they are in trouble. I think it is a happy thing to help others.

初三英语作文：That Day

I am now a student of Dongzhou Middle School, but I still remember that day when I was in a primary school.

That day, the weather was so bad. When school was over, it began to rain. All of us looked very worried, so our teacher let us go home at once.

When I went out of the school gate, I saw my father standing there. I went to him at once. My father had a raincoat, because hed just had a meeting and he went to school as soon as the meeting finished, so he had no time to return home. When he saw me, he took his raincoat off and gave it to me. I didnt want to receive it. He looked at me and said, “Take it.” I had to put on the raincoat, but my heart was not still. I cried, and I couldnt let myself stop. Since that day, I knew my father loved me. Oh, I cant forget that day all my life.

初三英语作文：The Sea

What do you know about the sea? Some people know about it, but others dont. The sea looks beautiful on a fine sunny day, but when theres a strong wind, its very rough. What else do you know about it?

Of course, the sea is very big. In the world, there is more sea than land. Do you know Hainan Island? Its really very nice. We can see beaches, trees and the sea. We can swim and visit a lot of beautiful places.

When you swim in the sea, you feel that the water is salty.

At last, I tell you about the Dead Sea. Fish cant live in it, because its dangerous. This sea is too salty.

The sea is nice, but sometimes its not good.

初三英语作文：Lucky or Not?

When I was a small child, I usually thought it was a good luck to be sick in bed. You see, when you are ill, you can stay home. There is no need to finish so much homework. Your parents will take care of you. Besides there is always something good to eat. Isnt it enjoyable to eat so much nice food?

A week ago, I was really in hospital. It was painful for me to stay in bed for several days. I couldnt get up. I couldnt even move. I didnt want to eat anything though there was a lot before me. I missed my classmates and teachers so much that I was anxious to get back to meet my friends. I was also worried about my final examination.

Now I have grown up. I have changed my mind.

初三英语作文：A Sunset

The sunset is very beautiful and lovely. Its scene is as wonderful as a sunrise but it is even more beautiful to watch it in the country than in the city.

When the sun begins to set behind the mountains, its long rays light up the green fields. The clouds in the sky also begin to glow with a golden light, and the mountains are really colourful.

When the sun begins to set behind the mountain, it looks like a red ball. Its light fills the sky and changes the colour of the clouds from gold to red. When the sun is gone altogether behind the mountain, the clouds turn grey and the mountains become black.

Then you cannot help admiring the wonder of nature.

初三英语作文：After the Exam

Scores are undoubtedly important for students. So today when I saw the score, 96,on my Chinese test paper, my happiness was beyond words. I believed that mum would also be very happy and perhaps she would reward me.

As soon as I got home, I raised the test paper before mum and said proudly, "Mum, look at my score!" Out of my expectation,Mum said calmly, "Good, but I hope you can find out the reason why four points were taken away." Hearing the words, I stood in amazement at first. Then I understood Mum’s words and nodded with all my strength.

Then Iunderstood that the most important thing that we get from examinations is not whether we have got high scores but whether we know what we have grasped and what we haven’t.

初三英语作文：Spring in Our School

Spring comes at last. Everything begins to grow. The trees turn green, and the flowers come out. On the playground, in the fields, on each side of the road, the young grass grows everywhere.

Spring also arrives in our school. Come and see, behind our teaching building, there are some small pear trees covered with white flowers; on both sides of it, there are some other flowers smiling at you, Some are yellow, some are red. In our school garden, more flowers are there. All kinds of flowers of many colours can be seen.

Look, there are some Kites flying in the sky. The spring wind is blowing. The sun is shining brightly. Some boys are playing games in the sun, Listen, a group of girls are singing "Where’s spring?" It sounds like the singing of lark birds. All these make me think that spring is here, spring is there, and spring is just in our school. Fhe boys and the girls are all like flowers in spring.

What a beautiful season! }tow lovely the children are!

[关于初三英语作文：That Day

Mothers Day

Mothers Day comes on the second Sunday in May each year. On that day this year, I bought a sweater and some flowers for my mother to thank her for her hard work for me. Receiving my gift, my mother was very happy.

作文翻译：

母亲节是五月的第二个星期日。今年母亲节那天，我为母亲买了一件毛衣和一束鲜花作为礼物，感谢母亲为我付出的辛苦。母亲收到礼物后，非常高兴。

Today, I saw a cartoon: a logger in his axe in his hand cut down a tree, his side with a woodpecker pecked him on the head, think theres a bug in his mind.

The picture from the Angle of the woodpecker exposes human for their own interests at all costs and make things, also warned us: if we dont pay attention to protect the natural environment, our every bit of damage to nature will eventually fall on our heads.

In fact, our lives are like the loggers in the cartoon. For example, in the corridor of the school, the playground, we often can see be knead into a ball of paper and some paper planes did not write a word. They were only the foot on the ground, they are homeless. A complete book, being ripped and torn, so little. This is book that students who do not know to save. Without a rubber wipe after they write a typo, but directly pull down, knead into a ball casually, so resolved, regardless of the consequences of abuse.

If everyone in the world to protect the environment, then the world will be more beautiful! We also learned a few words: be gentle with the earth is to yourself; Save the earth is to save the future. Human in the destruction of the earths environment and hurt himself, at the same time, as long as we change, protect earths environment is to protect yourself. Lets join together to love the earth, love of the natural environment! Let us hand in hand for the beauty of the earth to create a green home!

今天，我看见了一篇漫画：有一个伐木工拿着斧头在砍树，他的旁边有一只啄木鸟不停地啄着他的头，认为他的脑子里有虫。

这幅漫画从啄木鸟的角度揭露了人类对为自己利益不惜任何代价而做出的事，同样也告诫我们：如果我们不注意保护自然环境，我们对大自然的每一点伤害终究会降临到我们头上。

其实，我们的生活中也有像漫画中的伐木工那样的人。比如说：在学校的走廊上、操场上，我们常常都能看到被揉成一团的纸团和一些一字未写的纸飞机。它们在地上被无数只脚踩，它们无家可归。一个完整的本子，被人撕了又撕，就这样所剩无几了。这都是那些不懂得节约的同学的大作。他们写错字后不用橡皮擦擦，而是直接扯下来，揉成一团随便一扔，就这么解决了，不顾后果地滥用。

如果世界上所有人都保护环境，那么世界将多美好啊!我们也学了几条名言：善待地球就是善待自己;拯救地球就是拯救未来。人类在破坏地球环境的同时也在伤害着自己，只要我们换一换，保护地球上的环境就是保护自己。让我们一起加入到热爱地球，关爱自然环境的行动中来吧!让我们手拉手为地球创造一个绿色的美好的家园吧!

my plan of next year

a new year ，a new start，when i stand on the edge of a new year，i can’t help thinking about my plan of next year.

but ，what i really decide to do is that i must make good of anytime i can spare though it seems impossible. while，i will do my best to live up with what i have planned，and the result will prove it！

我明年的计划

新的一年，新的开始，当我在新的一年的边缘立场，我不禁在想我明年的计划。

正如古人云：“。好开始是成功的一半“，所以我决定，我应该是在工作，而另一些性传播疾病就会放松，然后，在开始时，我比其他人更快，我当然会得到比别人更好的结果。

但是，我真正决定做的是，我必须利用好，我可以随时备用，虽然它似乎是不可能的。虽然，我会尽我所能，用我生活已计划了，结果将证明这一点。

以下是为大家整理的关于英语作文大全：我的理想工作，希望大家能够喜欢！

Today, as the development of technology, people can change their faces by doing plastic surgery, because of the commercial ads, people are highly effected by the exaggerated facts that they can be the shining stars. So people pay special attention on the outlooks, they want to look perfect, as far as I am concerned, the true beauty is nothing with perfect looking, only the inner beauty makes you shining. In the fairly tale of Cinderella, the prince chooses the poor girl instead of the beautiful girls, because he admires Cinderella’s inner beauty, though she is nobody. Though it is just a story, it tells people that inner beauty makes one outstanding. People can make their faces perfect, but there is no way to fulfill their inner beauty by technology. Inner beauty is the most precious thing, beautiful outlook will fade away with the time, but inner beauty won’t, it only getting valuable.

今天，随着科技的发展，人们可以通过做外科手术改变自己的外貌，由于商业广告，人们深深受到那些夸张效果的影响，相信自己可以成为耀眼的明星。因此人们很关注外表，他们想要让自己看起来完美，就我看来，真正的美丽和完美的外表无关，唯有内在美才能让你耀眼。在童话故事《灰姑娘》中，王子选择了那个可怜的女孩而不是那些好看的姑娘，因为他欣赏的是灰姑娘的内在美，虽然她没有地位。虽然这只是个故事，它告诉人们内在美让一个人出众。人们可以通过科技让他们的外表完美，但是内在美却是无法通过科技得到的。内在美是最宝贵的东西，美丽的外表会随着时间而消逝，但是内在美不会，它只会更加珍贵。

An interesting thing happened on yesterday.At night,when I was sleepping ,I

dreamed I sleeping on a dogs body,and the dog suddenly jumping up and shouting

at me,he said:"I want to eat you,you smell very delicious!"Then I ran away

quickly......"ling ling ling!!!"A big sound was happened,I woke up

quickly,then,I thought,where I am?Oh,that is my dream,just a dream.

昨晚发生了一件有趣的事情。晚上，当我睡觉的时候，我梦到自己睡在一只狗的身上。这只狗突然跳起来，并且冲着我大叫：“我要吃了你，你闻起来太美味了。”我吓的快速的逃跑。。。“呤呤呤”我在一阵响亮的声音中醒来，然后想：我在哪?哦，我在做梦，幸好那仅仅是一个梦。

Wed. ,Feb. 3 clear

Movies

Today was very clear with no wind.

I practiced basktball in the morning. Then I went to the movies with Sandy. We saw White Nights. It was a very nice movie!I liked "Say you,say me"best of all the songs. Im fond of seeing musicals. The dancing is very beautiful and the music is pretty.

二月三日 星期三 晴

电影

今天是晴空万里，没有风的日子。

早上我练习篮球，然后和珊蒂一起去看电影，它真是一部相当好的的片子。 所有歌曲中我最喜欢"说你，说我"。 我喜欢卡们歌舞片，舞蹈十分美妙，而音乐也很好听。

The summer vacation is coming. I will do my homework first so I am going to

do my homework every morning. In the afternoon， I will play basketball and table

tennis with my friends. In the evening I will read English and listen to English

program. Sometimes I will go and visit my grandparents and help them do some

housework. I am going to take a piano class. My parents and I will go to Hainan

for about a week. I believe I will have a busy and interesting summer

vacation.

暑假即将到来.首先我要做好我的功课，所以我要每一天早上做功课.下午，我将我的朋友们一齐玩篮球和乒乓球.在晚上，我会读英语，听英语课程.有时我会去访问我的祖父母和帮忙他们做一些家务.我要带一个钢琴班.我的父母和我将前往海南为一个星期左右.我相信我将有一个忙碌而搞笑的暑假.

Yesterday was my birthday， so some of my classmates sent me presents。 Mother prepared a tea party for me。 I invited all of them to e and take part in it。The tea party began at half past six。 There were cold drinks and refreshments。 We ate， talked and laughed。 We felt that we were the happest men in the world。翻译：昨日是我生日，所以有几位我的同班同学送我礼。母亲给我准备一个茶会。我邀请他们都前来参加。茶会下午六点半开始。有冷饮和点心。我们又吃又谈又笑。我们觉得是世界上最快乐的人。

The environment in which we live is destroyed and we should develop good habits to protect our common ecological home.

We should pay attention to save every electricity, so that people go light off. Saving every drop of water, with the use of tap, with caution cleaning agents to prevent water pollution. Saving paper, to protect the limited forest resources, can be a multi-purpose paper.

We have to accept the "hoe Wo day when the afternoon, sweat dripping under the soil. Who knows plate lunch, grain are hard." Education, so to save every grain, to develop a good habit of thrift. Also, the daily necessities can be used to reduce waste.

Protect the environment, the mind to establish the concept of environmental protection, starting from the bit by bit every day.

我们生活的环境，遭到了破坏，我们应该养成良好的习惯，保护我们共同的生态家园。

我们应该注意节约每一度电，做到人走灯灭。节约每一滴水，水龙头随用随关，慎用清洁剂，防止水源污染。节约用纸，保护有限的森林资源，可以一纸多用。

我们从小就接受了“锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土。谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。”的教育，所以要节约每一粒粮食，养成勤俭节约的好习惯。还有，生活用品可以一物多用减少浪费。

保护环境，心中要树立环保的观念，从每天的一点一滴做起。

[初中环保英语作文

Theres No Story without Coincidence

The story happened a year ago. One day, I was walking along the street when an old man walked towards me. He asked me the way in English. No matter how hard I tried I couldnt understand what he said. He repeated again and again. At last I seemed to know what he was saying.

He was a Japanese. He thought I could speak English. So he asked me the way in English. My goodness! His Japanese English confused me a lot. then he spoke English very slowly.He even wrote the English words on a piece of paper. In the end I managed to help him get the right way. I thought maybe it was necessary for me to learn some Japanese.

A few months later, I was enrolled to attend a summer course, learning Japanese. I was surprised to find that old man was there, teaching us Japanese.Theres no story without coincidence!

[关于初三英语作文推荐：无巧不成书

Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.

For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers.Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence.

The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to cope with these problems by the government. Laws have been passed to stop pollution. I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.

全世界的环境问题变得越来越严重。

例如汽车污染的空气影响了人们的呼吸，工厂释放污染的气体，山上的树木被砍伐，污水不断被排人河里。另外，无论我们走到哪里，到处可见随意丢弃的垃圾。事实上，污染正威胁我们的生存。

地球是我们的家园，我们有责任为我们自己和我们的后代去照顾好它。庆幸的是，愈来愈多的人们已经意识到这些问题。政府已经采取了很多措施去解决这些问题，法律已被通过以制止污染。我希望这些问题在不远的将来能得到解决，我们的家园变得越来越好。

Saving Water

The world is not only hungry,but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75 % of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% -- the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes,underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.

However, as things stand today, this small amount of fresh water, which is constantly being replaced by rainfall, is still enough for us. But our need for water is increasing rapidly-- almost day by day. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on. A limited water supply would have a bad effect on agriculture and industry. Let me give you just one small exampie of how necessary water is to industry. Did you know that to produce a single ton of steel, it takes about 91, 000 liters of water?

We all have to learn how to stop wasting our precious water. One of the first steps we should take is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this field, but only on a small scale. For us, the systems are as important as the spacecraft.

节约用水

我们的世界不仅饥饿，而且因为缺水而干渴。对你来说这可能似乎奇怪：因为我们的地球表面75%由水覆盖着。但是，这巨大的数量中97%是海水、或咸水。只有剩下3%

的来自河流、湖泊、地下，和其他来源的淡水供人们饮用、使用。即使如此，这3%的水源我们也不能够完全使用，因为有些淡水是以冰山或冰河的形式存在。更糟糕的是，一些水源已遭受了污染。

然而，尽管按现状看来，这些少量的淡水即使时常转化成雨水的形式，对我们来说，也仍然够用。可是我们对水的需求却日益迅速增长。我们只有现在采取措施解决这一问

题才能避免未来世界范围内的严重水资源缺乏。限量供水会对农业和工业产生不良的影响。我们举个小小的事例就能证明水对工业的必要性。每生产一吨钢材就要消耗91，000升水，你知道吗?

我们必须杜绝对宝贵水资源的浪费。我们应该采取的第一步就是要发展水再利用的方法。该领域的实验已在进行，但是仅是小规模地进行。水资源再利用系统的重要性

对我们而言，与空间站不相上下。

Hello, everyone. My name is Kelly. I am friendly and honest.I am good at English and maths. I like surfing the internet,playing computer games, watching TV and traveling. I also like playing table tennis and I am good at it ,too. I often play table tennis with my friends on weekends. And I want to be a famous table tennis player when I grow up. What I like most is to see the seagulls flying freely in the sky so I often go to the sea in summer. My favourite colour is white because I think white is symbolize purity.

大家好 我的名字叫KELLY .我很友好、诚实.我擅长英语和数学. 我爱上网、玩电脑网络游戏、看电视 和旅游.我也喜欢打乒乓球.我经常和朋友们在周末打乒乓球,长大了我想当一个乒乓球运动员.最喜欢在海边看着海鸥自由自在的飞翔,因此在夏天我经常去海边.白色是我的最爱.因为我觉得白色是纯洁的象征.

As we can know,health is very important,but how to keep fit?

First,you should have a balancet diet.For example,you can eat less junk food and more vegetables.Next,doing sports is good for our health.If you like playing basketball,you can play it with your classmates after school.If you like riding bikes,please ride a bike to school every morning.Then,many students are stressed out all the day.So they should learn to relax themselves.Last,learning to communicate with qther people is very important,so you must learn it.

These are the easiest way to keep fit. I hope every student can have a good health。

[How to keep fit初三优秀英语作文

Today is Wednesday.My mother、my father and I are all at home.Now my mother

is washing clothes.My father is reading newspapers.I am doing my English

homework.

Today afternoon we are going to go to my grandparentss home.And I will

play with my little sister.I think I will have a nice day.

今天是星期三,我妈妈、爸爸和我都在家.现在我妈妈正洗着衣服,我爸爸正在看报纸,我做着我的英语作业.今天下午我们打算去我爷爷奶奶的家里,并且我会和我的小妹妹一起玩,我认为我会度过快乐的一天.

Where There is Life, There is Music

What is music, no one can explain.

Just imagine for a moment that you are sitting in a magnificent concert

hall. The conductor waves his shiny baton with a graceful swing through the air.

A beautiful melody floats slowly around you

You sit quietly with your eyes shut, your heart open. The delicate vibratos

of the violins carry you to a mood of heavenly bliss. An airy solo of the flute

draws you to the imagination, the notes flow like some jumping swallows dancing

and singing calling for the coming of Spring.

I like music from my childhood. My father often says when I was a baby I

would never go to sleep without soft, beautiful lullabies crooning around my

ears . Now music is a part of my life. When I feel tired, disappointed or in low

spirits, I usually turn to music. Music, nothing but only music can have so

wonderful an effect on my heart, on my pond of feeling.

Music comes with us. Where there is life, there is music. Where there is

music, there is hope. It lies in everyday life, in everyone’s life, in

everything we see, in everything we hear-- in the rhythm of the sea, in the

whisper of a gentle wind, in the melody of a bird’s singing, in the harmony of

village chimes. You can hear music wherever you may go . A man who doesn’t know

music will lose half the world. A nation that pays little or no attention to

music will be a sad nation. A world without music would be the one for the dead

and devils.

So dear friends, let’s open our arms to embrace music and enjoy it

throughout our lives. Love music and love life.

Thank you.

哪里有生活，哪里就有音乐

音乐是什么，无人能解释清楚。

想象此刻你正坐在富丽堂皇的音乐大厅里，乐队指挥手中的闪闪发亮的指挥棒在空中优雅的舞动。悠扬悦耳的音调飘扬在你的周围。

静静地闭上双眼，敞开心扉。小提琴精妙的振颤会把你带入到天堂祈福的心境;大提琴微弱低沉的叹息会使你想起一位老人在风中散步，沉浸在童年时代宁静和挚爱的回忆中;长笛轻快的独奏使你从想象中猛醒;流畅的音符像一群飞舞歌唱的燕子在呼唤春天的来临。

从童年时代音乐就是我的挚爱。父亲经常说，我在襁褓中，没有温柔甜美的摇篮曲在耳边低吟，就难以入眠。现在音乐是我生活的一部分。每当我感到疲倦，失望或情绪不振时，我就求助于音乐。音乐，除了音乐，没有什么对我的身心和情感有如此奇妙的影响。

音乐与我们同在，哪里有生活，哪里就有音乐;哪里有音乐，哪里就有希望。它存在于每个人的日常生活，存在于我们耳闻目睹的一切事物之中;存在于海的波涛，清风细语，悦耳鸟鸣，和谐的乡村钟声之中;无论你身在何处，都会听到音乐。一个不了解音乐的人将失去半个世界。一个不重视音乐的民族将是一个悲哀的民族。一个没有音乐的世界将是逝者和恶人生存的世界。

亲爱的朋友，让我们伸开双臂去拥抱音乐，在人生中享受音乐的乐趣。热爱音乐，热爱生活。

谢谢大家。

Dear John， It’s Father’s Day today. It’s a special day， isn’t it？ I think we should do something to show our love for our fathers on this special day. My father and I are good friends. Whenever I meet with difficulties， he is always there， ready to help me. Today I will make a beautiful card for him， with my thanks and best wishes on it. Then I will help him wash the car this afternoon and cook his favorite food in the evening. Besides， I’ll take a walk with him after dinner and then play chess with him， for he likes it very much. I’m sure he’ll be very happy. What’s your plan for Father’s Day？ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours，

亲爱的约翰： 今天是父亲节。它是一个特别的日子， 不是吗？ 在这个特别的日子我认为我们应该做一些事情来向我们的父亲表达我们的爱。我的爸爸和我是好朋友。不论我什么时候遇到困难， 他总是在那里准备帮助我。今天， 我将为他制作一张漂亮的卡片， 在上面写上我的谢意和最美好的祝愿。然后下午我将帮助他洗汽车， 在晚上做他最喜欢吃的食物。此外， 晚饭后我将和他散步， 然后和他下象棋， 因为他非常喜欢下象棋。我确信他将非常高兴。你的父亲节计划是什么？ 我期盼着你的来信。

我们都邻国。好邻居胜过远亲。这是共同的，我们可能会与遇到困难.当我们好邻居，他们将永远来帮助您。邻国应该在与对方。

我的邻居，有一个女儿。我们是同龄，但我们不要? T研究在同一所学校。晚上我们总是一起做功课。她擅长数学，我很擅长英语。因此，我们经常互相帮助来自作文

Good Neighbours

We all have neighbours. A good neighbour is better than a distant relative. It is common that we may meet with difficulties.When we have igood neighbours, they will always come to help you. Neighbours should get on well with each other.

My neighbour has a daughter. We are of the same age but we don~t study in the same school. In the evening we always do homework together. She is good at maths and I am good at English. So we often help each other.