万圣节的由来和传说英语作文(热门20篇)

Halloween is a western festival. It’s on Oct.31st. It’s a happy time for children because at night they put on the masks to attend the party. After the party, they knock at someone’s door and say: “trick or tread”. It means if you don’t give me the candies, I will play trick on you! At last kids can get enough candies for one year.

中华人民共和国的成立，使劳动人民登上了历史舞台，劳动者成为了国家的主人。中国工人第一次走上街头，大规模纪念“五一 ”国际劳动节是在1920年。新中国成立后，中央人民政府政务院于1949年12月将5月1日定为法定的劳动节。

The establishment of the peoples Republic of China, the labouring people boarded the stage of history, workers become the masters of the country. The first China workers took to the streets, large-scale Memorial "five one" International Labor Day is on 1920. After the founding of new Chinese, the Central Peoples Government in 1949 December to May 1st as a statutory labor day.

新中国成立50多年来，在不同时期涌现出千千万万劳动模范，他们是广大劳动者的杰出代表。1989年后，国务院基本上每5年表彰一次全国劳动模范和先进工作者，每次表彰3000人左右。无论是时传祥、王进喜、张秉贵等老一代劳动模范，还是蒋筑英、包起帆、李素丽、徐虎、王启民、许振超 、李斌等新一代劳动模范，他们以自己的实际行动，铸就了爱岗敬业、争创一流、艰苦奋斗、勇于创新、淡泊名利、甘于奉献的伟大劳模精神，成为我们民族宝贵的精神财富，成为伟大民族精神的重要组成部分。

More than 50 years since the founding of new China, the emergence of thousands on thousands of labor models in different periods, they are outstanding representatives of the majority of workers. After 1989, the State Council basically once every 5 years in recognition of the national model workers and advanced workers, about 3000 people each in recognition. Whether it is Shi Chuanxiang, Wang Jinxi, Zhang Binggui and other older generation of labor model, or Jiang Zhuying, Bao Qifan, Li Suli, Xu, Wang Qimin, Xu Zhenchao, tiger Li Bin, a new generation of labor model, with their own practical action, created the dedication, striving for excellence, hard work, innovation, dedication, fame and fortune. The great spirit of model workers, become a valuable spiritual wealth of our nation, has become an important part of the great national spirit.

Today is Halloween in the west. I went to suzhou park with my parents and went to Halloween.

I feel very lively as soon as I get in! Many, many monsters! They are all tourists. Then I saw the floats! The people on the float came down, cats, death, vampires and so on. I took pictures with them.

The most dynamic is me (wang xin), I am wearing orange pumpkin, with pumpkin cap and pumpkin basket, I am the pumpkin fairy! Dad wears a skeleton head mask, mom with a fluorescent stick, we are the devil combination, we follow the crowd to the Caribbean square. Oh! It turned out that there was a performance, and the show was a dance, and it was wonderful. Whos patting me on the shoulder when were looking at it in high spirits? I looked back, and there was a monster that startled me! The actor finished his performance and ran off to frighten every...

Do you know Halloween? I think with the increasing of international communication, most people must be familiar with it. It has become one of the most popular festivals inEurope. It falls on the last day of October. People will celebrate it from the midnight of October, 31 to November first.

你知道万圣节吗?我觉得随着国际交流的密切，大多数人都是很熟悉的。它已成为欧洲国家最受欢迎的节日之一。圣诞节是在十月的最后一天。人们会从十月三十一日的午夜就一直开始庆祝到十一月一日。

At first, it is celebrated to praise autumn. So it falls on the late autumn. It also has another legend. Since a long time ago, Halloween has been connected with the ghosts. People consider that the ghosts who have no home to go will go out for food on the night of October, 31. No matter this story is true or not, people will feel afraid only hearing it. So they decide to have celebration on that day. They will light up lights to frighten the ghosts.

一开始庆祝它主要是为了赞美秋天。所以这个节日是在深秋。它还有另一个传说。很久以前，万圣节都是与鬼魂相关联的。人们认为那些无家可归的鬼魂会在10月31日晚上出来找食物。不管这个传书是真的还是假的，单单听说人们就会感到害怕了。所以，他们决定在那一天庆祝。他们会把灯点亮来吓唬鬼魂。

However, after a long time, Halloween become the day mainly for kids. Every Halloween children will put on strange masks and frightening costumes. Most children will make themselves become the monster or hero in the movie or legend that they like. When they finish the make up, they will carry bags from house to house to play the game, “Trick or treat”. The adults will put the treat candy into their bags. Thus, Halloween is the most favorable festival for children.

然而，经过很长一段时间后，万圣节主要成为了孩子们的节日。每年万圣节前夕，孩子都会戴上奇怪的面具，穿上吓人的服装。大多数孩子会扮成电影中或者传说他们喜欢的英雄或怪物。当他们化妆完后，他们会带着袋子挨家挨户去玩“不给糖就捣蛋”的游戏。大人们就会把准备好的糖果放进他们的袋子里。所以说，万圣节是孩子们最喜欢的节日。

Not only the kids like the festival, but also some grown-ups love it. They will join parties after making up. This brings them the satisfaction of being young. How about you? Do you love it?

不仅小孩喜欢这个节日，连大人也喜欢。大人们会在画完妆后参加聚会。这可以给他们带来年轻的快感。你呢?你喜欢万圣节吗?

农历五月初五,俗称“端午节”,端是“开端”、“初”的意思。初五可以称为端五。农历以地支纪月,正月建寅,二月为卯,顺次至五月为午,因此称五月为午月,“五”与“午”通,“五”又为阳数,故端午又名端五、重五、端阳、中天、重午、午日,此外一些地方又将端午节称之为五月节、艾节、夏节。从史籍上看,“端午”二字最早见于晋人周处《风土记》：“仲夏端午,烹鹜角黍”。端午节是我国汉族人民的传统节日。这一天必不可少的活动逐渐演变为：吃粽子,赛龙舟,挂菖蒲、艾叶,薰苍术、白芷,喝雄黄酒。据说,吃粽子和赛龙舟,是为了纪念屈原,所以解放后曾把端午节定名为“诗人节”,以纪念屈原。至于挂菖蒲、艾叶,薰苍术、白芷,喝雄黄酒,则据说是为了压邪。

May in Chinese lunar calendar, known as the "Dragon Boat Festival", the end is the beginning "," early. ". Fifth day of the called side five. Chinese to Chinese era, the construction of the bases in February, to May May afternoon, so called the number "Five" and "good", "Five" is a positive number, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the end of five, five, the Dragon Boat Festival, transit, afternoon, afternoon, in addition to some place Dragon Boat Festival will be called in May Festival, AI Festival, the summer festival. From the historical point of view, the "Dragon Boat Festival" two word first appeared in the Jin Zhou Chu "endemic in mind": "a dragon boat festival dumplings, cooked duck". The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival of the Han people in china. This day indispensable activity gradually evolved into: eating dumplings, dragon boat race, hanging calamus, Artemsia argyi, smoked herb, dahurian angelica root, drink realgar Yellow Wine. It is said that, eating rice dumplings and dragon boat race, is in memory of Qu Yuan, so after the liberation of Dragon Boat Festival had to be called "poet Festival", in honor of Qu Yuan. As for hanging calamus, Artemsia argyi, smoked herb, dahurian angelica root, drink realgar Yellow Wine, it is said to be evil in order to pressure.

时至今日,端午节仍是中国人民中一个十分盛行的隆重节日。端午节从2008年起为国家法定节假日,假期为一天。国家非常重视非物质文化遗产的保护,2006年5月20日,该民俗经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

Today, the Dragon Boat Festival is still Chinese people a very popular in the grand festival. The Dragon Boat Festival from 2008 onwards for national holidays, the holiday is a day. The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage, May 20, 2006, the customs with the approval of the State Council included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

万圣节的传说：

1，古代高卢、不列颠和爱尔兰的祭司--德鲁伊德有一个赞美秋天的盛大节日，从10月31日午夜开始，次日11月1日持续整整一天。他们认为，在那天晚上他们伟大的死神--萨曼把那年死去人的鬼魂统统召来，这些恶鬼要受到托生为畜类的惩罚。当然，只要想到这种鬼魅的聚会，就足以令当时那些头脑简单的愚民胆战心谅的了。于是他们点起冲天的篝火，并严密监视这些恶鬼。

2，凯尔特人(Celtic)相信太阳神帮助他们种植农作物。但是，每年太阳神都会被一个名叫Samhain的邪恶力量攻击并被囚禁六个月。Samhain，还有两个称号，分别是“Lord of Dead(死亡领主)”以及“Prince of Darkness(暗黑王子)”，他带着寒冷以及黑暗的冬天来到凯尔特人的土地。凯尔特人非常害怕10月31日的夜晚，因为他们觉得这晚，有一堆邪恶灵魂潜伏在任何地方。他们在家生起火来让那些邪恶灵魂离开他们的家(上一个没有翻译的段落有一句是说火焰可以把鬼魂吓走的。)他们相信是Samhain把死人叫出来的，他们还相信Samhain会把死人变为其他东西，好像猫。凯尔特人会装着可怕的伪装来把那群邪恶灵魂赶走。(这就是万圣节的原型)后罗马占领了凯尔特人的土地，把罗马的节日和凯尔特人10月31日的Samhain祭典合在一起，就成了现在的万圣节。

3，原来万圣节源于古代克勒特人(Celt，即爱尔兰人祖先)的属阴节(Samhaim，读作Sow-in)。基督教传入后，为同化异教，就把原有的万圣节 (AllSaintsDay或AllHallows)改在同一日，就是十一月一日，而十月三十一日就变成万圣节前夕(Halloween)。

克勒特人原是游牧民族。属阴节，一方面是他们准备冬天来临和迎接新年的节日;另一方面也是宗教节日。属阴(Samhaim)就是他们所信仰的神明之一，其祭司叫招逸(Druid)。虽没正式的历史记载，但一般研究者都认为，他们相信在属阴节，人们能看见灵界的事物，其中包括回归的死人灵魂和灵界的邪魔。这些灵界个体都是属于邪恶的，要在属阴节那天加害于人，所以克勒特人就要讨好(Treat)这些鬼灵，免得它们作恶报仇(Trick)。例如有人在家门前放置食物，让鬼灵去享用，这就是?TrickorTreat?的起源。同时，当晚招逸祭司还举行宗教典礼。几乎所有的研究都指出，仪式中还有将被宰的牲畜用来献祭。至于有没有杀人献祭，虽意见不一但无人否定。此外，肯定是有占卜邪术之类的事。

我们离不开父母的劳动、工人的劳动、农民的劳动、警察的劳动、教师的劳动，因为劳动，才有我们生活的蒸蒸日上，才有国泰民安。是各行各业的劳动者用他们的勤劳和智慧付出脑力和体力劳动养活了整个世界。

The international labor day is also called "May Day" and "international demonstration day", is most countries in the world of labor day. On May 1st each year. It is the holiday of working people around the world have. In July 1889, led by Engels in Paris the second international congress. The meeting passed a resolution, the regulation on May 1, 1890 international laborer parade, on May 1, and decided to take the day as international labor day. The special authorization of the central peoples government in December 1949, a decision that will be on May 1 for labor day.

1989 years later, the state department basically every five years for a national model workers and advanced workers, for about 3000 people at a time.

This section comes from the American city of Chicago workers strike. On May 1, 1886, more than two hundred and sixteen thousand workers in Chicago for shall institute an eight-hour working day system and a general strike, after a bloody hard struggle, finally won. To commemorate the great workers movement, in July 1889, the second international announced on May 1st each year as international labor day. The decision immediately get positive response of the workers around the world.

To commemorate the great workers movement, in July 1889, Engels in organization established at the second international conference announced every year as the international labor day on May 1, hereinafter referred to as "May Day". This decision immediately get positive response of the workers around the world. On May 1, 1890, the working class of euro-american took to the streets, held a grand demonstrations and rallies, strive for the legitimate rights and interests. Since then, on this day, working people around the world have to assembly, a procession, to celebrate.

Is the meaning of the international labor day laborers through the struggle, with stubborn, heroic unyielding fighting spirit, to their own legitimate rights and interests, human civilization is democratic historical progress, this is the essence of the May 1st Labour Day holiday. So, people are so pay attention to labor day. This decision immediately get positive response of the workers around the world. On May 1, 1890, the working class of euro-american took to the streets, held a grand demonstrations and rallies, strive for the legitimate rights and interests. From then on, whenever that day working people around the world have to assembly, procession, celebratory, and public holidays.

国际劳动节又称“五一国际劳动节”、“国际示某威游行日”，是世界上大多数国家的劳动节。定在每年的五月一日。它是全世界劳动人民共同拥有的节日。1889年7月，由恩格斯领导的第二国际在巴黎举行代表大会。会议通过决议，规定1890年5月1日国际劳动者举行游行，并决定把5月1日这一天定为国际劳动节。中央人民政府政务院于1949年12月作出决定，将5月1日确定为劳动节。

1989年后，国务院基本上每5年表彰一次全国劳动模范和先进工作者，每次表彰3000人左右。

此节源于美国芝加哥城的工人大罢工.1886年5月1日,芝加哥的二十一万六千余名工人为争取实行八小时工作制而举行大罢工,经过艰苦的流血斗争，终于获得了胜利.为纪念这次伟大的工人运动，1889年7 月第二国际宣布将每年的五月一日定为国际劳动节.这一决定立即得到世界各国工人的积极响应。

为纪念这次伟大的工人运动，1889年7月，在恩格斯组织召开的第二国际成立大会上宣布将每年的五月一日定为国际劳动节，简称“五一”。这一决定立即得到世界各国工人的积极响应。1890年5月1日，欧美各国的工人阶级率先走向街头，举行盛大的游行与集会，争取合法权益。从此，每逢这一天，世界各国的劳动人民都要集会、游行，以示庆祝。

国际劳动节的意义在于劳动者通过斗争，用顽强、英勇不屈的奋斗精神，争取到了自己的合法权益，是人类文明民主的历史性进步，这才是五一劳动节的精髓所在。所以，人们才这么注重劳动节。这一决定立即得到世界各国工人的积极响应。1890年5月1日，欧美各国的工人阶级率先走向街头，举行盛大的示某威游行与集会，争取合法权益。从此，每逢这一天世界各国的劳动人民都要集会、游行，以示庆祝，并公众放假。

TINY ghost—like dolls hang from trees， big plastic spiders sit on rooftops and bloody plastic hands reach out from gravestones…Are you ready for the scariest night of the year？

October 31 is Halloween， one of the most popular festivals in the US， Canada and Britain。 The festival began as a day to remember the dead。 But nowadays its all about the carnival atmosphere when people can enjoy dressing up and scaring each other。

Halloween is one of childrens favourite nights of the year。 They dress up as monsters and go to their neighbourshouses。 Knocking on the door they shout： "Trick or treat！" Of course， usually people give them "treats" － a like sweets and chocolates。 But， if you dont， you can expect a prank such as having your car windows soaped or your garbage cans turned over。

Halloween is also a time for masquerade parties。 Witches fly in on broomsticks， while ghosts and skeletons chat on the dance floor。

You can even dress up as a famous monster like Dracula！ The motto is： "The scarier， the better。" 。”

Even making Halloween food should be like casting a spell or mixing a magic drink。 In Britain， people drink "Witchs Mix"， made with apple， orange， grape and berry juice。 Children also enjoy "Halloween Worms，" made from egg noodles。 And how do you like the sound of "Eye—Balls"？ Dont worry， theyre made with scoops of chocolate and vanilla ice cream， shaped like human eyes。 Skeleton—shaped cookies are equally popular。

A well—known Halloween tradition is to make lanterns from pumpkins， called "Jack—o—lanterns"。 First， the inside of the pumpkin is removed。 Then， a face is cut into the pumpkin， traditionally a smiling， devil face。 Finally a candle is placed inside， and the lantern is put at the front of the house to keep evil spirits away。

Besides pumpkin cutting， "apple—bobbing" is another popular game。 Several apples are put floating in water in a big bucket。 Children have their hands tied behind their backs。 They have to try to pick the apples out of the water using only their mouths。 Of course， people get very wet and it is very funny to watch。

[美国万圣节英语作文

Halloween arrived, after a time, when I was a child, very funny, so Im looking forward to the arrival of Halloween.

Its Halloween, I have an appointment with a few good friends, dressed in their respective "spirits" go to someones home to sugar, at first we took the first plan; First to a "ghost frighten ghost", the "ghost" has seven or eight of us, we will pick some little ghost team to humiliate them, making, see we scare a again, we first sent the vampire looking for targets, found after he rushed up to scare them, we will also strengthen our own team, at the same time, until we can even have a "big team" ghost "bully" under our "brutal killings" has no one can with us in our region to "candy" we started the second step plan; Sugar, agghh! We rushed to the door said; Trick or give sugar! Soon, a middle-aged man, said to us with a smile; Candy to cough up! He said, then threw the candy back to, we immediately messy, gurgling sound into a.

Finally, we the "ghost" crumble, because candy things noisy over, finally also play up, dozen dozen, there will be some "calm" to persuade them not to play, also good, also can be carried out as normal and Halloween, we "loot" several again, is a happy, contented home several achievements!

万圣节终于来了，我小时候过了一次，非常的好玩，于是我期待着万圣节的到来。

万圣节到了，我和几个约好的朋友，穿着各自的”鬼服”去别人家去要糖，一开始我们采取了第一本计划;先来了个”鬼吓鬼”，我们的这个”鬼队”有七八人，我们就挑一些少的鬼队去欺负他们，吖啊，看我们又吓到一个，我们先派吸血鬼去寻找目标，发现后就冲上去吓他们，同时我们也会壮大自已的队伍，,直到我们连”大鬼队”都能”欺负”的时候，在我们的”野蛮杀戮” 下已经没有人能在我们这片区域来跟我们”抢糖果”了我们就开始第二步计划;要糖，啊啊啊啊!我们冲向一家门口说道;不给糖就捣乱!不一会，一位中年人出来，笑着对我们说;来糖果咯!说着便把糖果向后抛去，我们顿时乱作一团，咿呀之声响成一片。

最后，我们这个"鬼队"土崩瓦解，就因为糖果的事情吵得不可开交，最后还打起来了，打着打着，就会出现一些"平息人"来劝解他们不打了，还好，万圣节还能正常进行，我们又"打劫"了几家，就开开心心，心满意足的回到家里数成果!

reation directors help plan the party, but the young people themselves take charge of the entertainment and the decorations — a necessary part of halloween. dried corn stalks, pumpkin faces, and piles of apples create the harvest atmosphere; and cutouts of witches on their brooms, goblins, ghosts and black cats symbolize the witchcraft aspect of the holiday. the freshments — apple cider, popcorn and pumpkin pie, and witches made of spicy ginger cookies — also carry out both themes.

there is an occasional adult halloween dance in a bright orange and black setting, with paper-made black cats, witches and grinning skeletons floating above the dance floor. but halloween has become mainly a young people‘s holiday — and the younger the child the more exciting he finds it.

万圣节前夜

10月31日，当一轮满月从空中升起的时候，小妖精、妖魔鬼怪、恐怖的巫婆、小捣蛋鬼——孩子们把小脸蛋藏在奇形怪状的面具后——会突然出现在朋友及邻居面前，并威吓着说：“不给糖，要倒霉。”

万圣节前夜，顾名思义，就是仅一个晚上的节日。在一年中的这一夜，孩子们的心灵充满了单纯的梦幻奇境。他们是节日的主人，而父母或其他大人只能起陪衬作用。在老师和商人的鼓励下，在前一年欢度万圣节前夜的美好回忆的诱惑下，孩子们(3至11岁)几星期前便开始准备服装和节日装饰了。虽然家长往往都要帮助孩子们准备服装，但在节日那晚，他们一定要装出一副被突然出现的带面具的鬼怪吓着了的样子。那时，会有穿着黑色长袍、戴着尖尖高帽子的小巫婆出现，她们乘着神扫帚飞过屋顶，飞到临街邻居的屋顶上；还会有披着床单的鬼怪出现，他们边跑边露着帆布鞋和短袜子；还有那可怕的海盗，他们戴着绘有骸髅及交叉的大腿骨的三角帽。有的孩子手提用南瓜刻成的人面形灯笼，但每个孩子都手拿着袋子或联合国儿童基金会发的盒子，上面写着：“不给糖，要倒霉。”很快，这些袋子、盒子里便都装满了糖果。

十几岁的孩子玩那些恶作剧的游戏，有时使大人们相当为难。他们向过往的车辆扔鸡蛋或西红柿；往玻璃窗、汽车挡风玻璃上涂抹难以擦掉的蜡；把南瓜滚下长长的山路；搬走门廊里的家具；偷走垃圾箱盖；在篱笆上乱涂乱写，到处惹是生非；这样来消耗掉他们多余的精力。警察虽然警惕性很高，但也只能逮捕那些真正的犯罪者。在许多社区人们举办交际舞会或街区晚会，以分散那些搞恶作剧的年轻人的精力。会后由商业界为最佳服装颁发奖品。虽然文艺指导帮助策划晚会，但是年轻人都亲自负责组织活动和动手装饰，这些是万圣节前夜的必可不少的一部分。晒干的玉米秆、用南瓜雕刻成的人脸以及一堆堆的苹果，使晚会增加了丰收的气氛；用各种东西雕刻成的乘扫帚的巫婆、妖魔鬼怪和黑猫标志了节日的魔力。晚会上供应的新鲜食品——苹果酒、爆米花、南瓜馅饼以及制成巫婆形的辣姜饼——既增加了丰收的气氛，又标志了节日的魔力。

万圣节前夜偶尔也有成年人的舞会，舞台背景为鲜艳的橙色和黑色，舞场上还舞动着用纸做成的黑猫、巫婆及龇牙咧嘴的骷髅。尽管如此，万圣节前夜主要是孩子们的节日—一孩子越小，就越兴奋。关于万圣节英语优秀作文：万圣节前夜

[万圣节的活动英语作文

Halloween Fun

Halloween is a spooky and scary night. People dress up in the Hallween. Some people buy pumpkin and carve it into a jack-o-lantern. A jack-o-lantern is a pumpkin with a face. This is how you make a jack-o-lantern: you buy a pumpkin, take it home, carve the pumpkin and give it a spooky, happy, scary face.

万圣夜是一个可怕的吓人的晚上。那一天会人们乔装打扮。一些人把南瓜买来并刻成杰克灯。杰克灯就是一个刻着人面型的南瓜。制作杰克灯的方法：买一个南瓜，带回家，雕刻南瓜，给它一个可怕的，吓人的或者开心的脸。

A warty witch can fly on her fast and speeding broom in the sky. She can be wearing black pants and a black robe. If you see one, she mignt be carrying a black cat to give bad luck.

女巫骑着扫帚在天空中飞，她穿着黑色的裤子和长袍，如果你见到她，她带着的黑猫会给你带来坏运气。

A spooky, scary, and white ghost can go through walls and could control people. You might see one in the grave yard. Be careful because it will frighten you.You might become one of them!

一个可怕的吓人的白色的鬼魂会飞过墙并控制住人。在墓地里你能看到他们，小心!他们会飞向你，那样你就会变成他们中的一个!

The black cat can give bad luck when it crosses your path. The black cat is just a cat that it is black and can give bad luck. A black cat can be in a back yard in the house, on the streets, or on a witchs broom.

当黑猫经过你身边时会给你带来坏运气。黑猫仅仅是一只会给人们带来坏运气的黑色的猫。黑猫通常呆在后院，街道上，或者在女巫的扫帚里。

Dressing in masks and costumes is a popular Halloween activity.Costumes can be traditional and scary,such as a witchs pointy hat and black gown.Costumes may also have a modern flavor. Many children dress up as movie characters or a favorite superhero.liuxue.86

But Halloween is not just for children.Many adults enjoy showing off their costumes at Halloween parties!

[万圣节英语作文汇总

万圣节(All Saints Day, All Hallows Day或Hallowmas) 是每年11月1日的欧美大节日。以下是小编带来的关于万圣节的英语资料大全，希望对你有帮助。

Halloween (or Halloween) is an annual holiday observed on October 31, which commonly includes activities such as trick-or-treating, attending costume parties, carving jack-o-lanterns, bonfires, apple bobbing, visiting haunted attractions, playing pranks, telling scary stories, and watching horror films arevery happy.

Halloween (or Halloween) is an annual holiday observed on October 31, which commonly includes activities such as trick-or-treating, attending costume parties, carving jack-o-lanterns, bonfires, apple bobbing, visiting haunted attractions, playing pranks, telling scary stories, and watching horror films.

History

Historian Nicholas Rogers, exploring the origins of Halloween, notes that while "some folklorists have detected its origins in the Roman feast of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and seeds, or in the festival of the dead called Parentalia, it is more typically linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain, whose original spelling was Samuin (pronounced sow-an or sow-in)".The name is derived from Old Irish and means roughly "summers end".Snap-Apple Night (1832) by Daniel Maclise.Depicts apple bobbing and divination games at a Halloween party in Blarney, Ireland.The name Halloween and many of its present-day traditions derive from the Old English era.

The word Halloween is first attested in the 16th century and represents a Scottish variant of the fuller All-Hallows-Even ("evening"), that is, the night before All Hallows Day.[4] Although the phrase All Hallows is found in Old English (ealra hālgena mæssedæg, mass-day of all saints), All-Hallows-Even is itself not attested until 1556.

11月1日 -- 万圣节 All Saints Day

11月2日 -- 墨西哥的鬼节 Day of Death

万圣节(All Saints Day, All Hallows Day或Hallowmas) 是每年11月1日的欧美大节日。

Halloween 是 All Hallows Eve 的缩写，万圣节前夜的意思，指10月31日的晚上。

For thousands of years people have been celebrating different holidays and festivals at the end of October. The Celts celebrated it as Samhain (pronounced “sow-in”, with “sow” rhyming with cow)。 The Irish English dictionary published by the Irish Texts Society defines the word as follows:

“Samhain, All Hallowtide, the feast of the dead in Pagan and Christian times, signalizing the close of harvest and the initiation of the winter season, lasting till May, during which troops (esp. the Fiann) were quartered. Faeries were imagined as particularly active at this season. From it the half year is reckoned. also called Feile Moingfinne (Snow Goddess)。(1) The Scottish Gaelis Dictionary defines it as ”Hallowtide. The Feast of All Soula. Sam + Fuin = end of summer.“(2) Contrary to the information published by many organizations, there is no archaeological or literary evidence to indicate that Samhain was a deity. The Celtic Gods of the dead were Gwynn ap Nudd for the British, and Arawn for the Welsh. The Irish did not have a ”lord of death“ as such.

The Celts believed that every year on the last day of October, the souls of the dead visited the earth.www.

When the Romans conquered the Celts in the first century A.D., they added parts of their festivals, Feralia and Pomona to the tradition. Feralia was a festival to honor the dead and Pomona was a harvest festival named after the goddess of fruit (apples) and trees.

Around the eigth century, the Christian church made November 1 All Saints Day to honor all of the saints that didnt have a special day of their own. Over the years these festivals combined, the mass held on All Saints Day was called Allhallowmas (the mass of all Hallows - saintly people)。 The night before was known as All Hallows Eve. Eventually this name became Halloween.

In the 1800s, as a lot of people emigrated to the U.S., the holidays and traditions of different cultures merged. Halloween was not always a happy time. October 31, or the night before took on other names. Some called it Devils or Hell night, to others it was mischief night. Here in Vermont, the night before is called cabbage night. To some people this became a time to play tricks on others. Some of these tricks were not fun at all. Luckily, community groups and individuals took action and started to change Halloween into a family event. Dressing up in costumes and going ”trick or treating“, costume parades, community parties and Fall festivals are some of the ways that Halloween is celebrated today.

Other countries have different Fall festivals to honor the deceased.

The Festival of the Dead is one of the most important happenings in both Palermo and the rest of Sicily. The second of November is a festival day for the children of Palermo as, according to tradition,they were made to believe that their dead relatives would return the night before and leave them traditional sweets and cakes on the table (Martorana fruit, which is almond paste made into the shape of different fruit)。 They would also receive puppets of boiled sugar and toys. Its one way of keeping the memory of their dead relatives and loved ones alive.

一年中最”闹鬼“的这天夜里，各种妖魔鬼怪、 海盗、 外星来客和巫婆们纷纷出动。在基督纪元以前，凯尔特人在夏未举行仪式感激上苍和太阳的恩惠。

当时的占卜者点燃并施巫术以驱赶据说在四周游荡的妖魔怪。后来，罗马人用果仁和苹果来庆祝的丰收节与凯尔特人的10月31日溶合了。

在中世纪，人们穿上动物造型的服饰、 戴上可怕的面具是想在万圣节前夜驱赶黑夜中的鬼怪。尽管後来基督教代替了凯尔特和罗马的宗教活动，早期的习俗还是保留下来了。现在，孩子们带着开玩笑的心理穿戴上各种服饰和面具参加万圣节舞会，这些舞会四周的墙上往往悬挂着用纸糊的巫婆、 黑猫、 鬼怪和尸骨，窗前和门口则吊着龇牙裂嘴或是面目可憎的南瓜灯笼。孩子们还常常试图咬住悬挂着的苹果。

美国和加拿大的孩子们在这天穿戴上古怪的服饰去按邻居家的门铃，并按传统发出”是款待我还是要我耍花招“的威胁。邻居们不管是否被吓着，总是准备了一些糖果、 苹果等点心，孩子们则一一收入自己的袋内。

万圣节其实不是基督教的节日。2500年前，爱尔兰的凯尔特人(Celts)以10月31日为一年的最後一日，11月1日是新一年的开始，也象徵冬天的来临。

凯尔特人相信死亡之神Samhain在10月31日的晚上会和鬼魂一起重返人间，寻找替身。因此他们燃点火炬，焚烧动物以作为死亡之神的献礼。还会用动物的头或皮毛做成的服饰打扮自己，发出古怪的声音，使死亡之神认不出自己，避过灾难。这就是今天万圣节化妆舞会的由来。过了当晚，鬼魂回到阴间，一切回复平静。

基督教兴起，教徒沿袭万圣节传统，万圣节的意义慢慢改为纪念为献身於神而死亡的人(holies)。

附带一提，11月2日是墨西哥的鬼节(Los Dias de los Muertos, Day of the Dead)。当天家家户户都烘烤动物造型的面包和煮鸡肉等食物，并在供桌上面放置玩具，以期待早逝的孩童们回到家中玩耍。也可以陈列鲜花、 水果、 照片和彩绘的骷髅头，接待仙逝长辈。

墨西哥人认为，鬼魂和人一样需要及时行乐，所以鬼节宛若一场嘉年华会，人们带着面具到处游走，吃骷髅形状的糖，面包上还装饰有鬼的形像。黄昏时刻，全家人一起到墓园清理墓地，妇女们或跪或坐整夜祈祷，男人们交谈或唱歌，在子夜中烛光忽闪忽灭充满了整个墓园，游唱歌者为已逝亡者的灵魂高歌吟唱。

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从世界各地来看，读书节已成为当代社会的文化景观，而且是最近20年的新风潮。不过，现代意义上的第一个“读书节”，最早可追溯到1926年西班牙国王首次设立的“西班牙自由节”，并把伟大作家塞万提斯的生日10月7日作为这个节日的庆祝日。

From all over the world, Reading Festival has become the cultural landscape of contemporary society, and it is a new trend in recent 20 years. However, the first "Reading Festival" in the modern sense, the earliest can be traced back to 1926, the king of Spain for the first time to set up a "Spanish freedom festival", and the great writer Cervantess birthday in October 7th as a celebration of the holiday.

1930年庆祝活动移到4月23日――塞万提斯的忌日，碰巧这一天也是加泰罗尼亚地区大众节日“圣乔治节”。传说中勇士乔治屠龙救公主，并获得了公主回赠的礼物――一本书，象征着知识与力量。每到这一天，加泰罗尼亚的妇女们就给丈夫或男朋友赠送一本书，男人们则会回赠一枝玫瑰花。由此相沿成习，如今每到这一天，书籍减价10%，玫瑰花的价格则陡然上涨。

Celebration on 1930 to April 23rd -- the anniversary of the death of Cervantes, to this day is also the Catalonia area public holiday "St. Georges day". The legend goes that the knight George slew a dragon and saved a princess, and was granted a gift in return: a book, representing knowledge and power. Every year on this day, Catalonia women will give a book to their husband or boyfriend, the men will give a rose. Thus become a custom through long time usage, and now every day, the book price by 10%, prices rose sharply rise.

世界读书日就来源于此。巧合的是，这天是著名作家塞万提斯、莎士比亚、维加3位著名文学大师的辞世纪念日，又是美国作家纳博科夫、法国作家莫里斯・德鲁昂、冰岛诺贝尔文学奖得主拉克斯内斯等多位文学家的生日。巧合之外，则是人们对书籍的热爱和对阅读重要性的深层认识。主旋律都是一样的：无论是年老还是年轻，无论是贫穷还是富有，无论是患病还是健康，都能享受阅读的乐趣，都能尊重和感谢为人类文明作出巨大贡献的文学、文化、科学思想大师们，都能保护知识产权。

World Book Day comes from this. Coincidentally, this is the famous writer Cervantes died, Shakespeare Vega, 3 famous literary masters of the day, and Nabokov, French writer USA writer Maurice de Rouen, Iceland Nobel prize winner Laks Ness and many other writers day. Coincidentally, is that people love of books and a deep understanding of the importance of reading. The main theme is the same: whether old or young, whether rich or poor, whether it is sick or healthy, can enjoy the pleasure of reading, respect and gratitude can make great contributions to human civilization, literature, culture, scientific thinking gurus, can protect the intellectual property rights.

Halloween is for the "All Hallows Evening".However,due to various reasons,Halloween has become the years most popular and one of the most popular festivals,and many players with great enthusiasm to celebrate this holiday.

Halloween in the October 31,in fact,praise and autumn festivals like Beltane is the festival of spring like the praise.Of ancient Gaul,Britain and Ireland priest - druid to have a grand festival praise of autumn,from October 31 beginning at midnight the following day,November 1 continued all day.In their view,that night they are a great Death - Salman to that year were all summoned the ghost of dead people,these evil spirits are subject to care for the Livestock Health and punishment.Of course,as long as the thought of such a gathering of ghosts,it was enough to make fools of those simple-minded understanding of the heart bile war.So they lit the sky of the bonfire,and close surveillance of these evil spirits.

Halloween witches and ghosts everywhere to say is just the beginning.So far in Europe,there are some isolated areas where people believe it is true.Ancient Rome in November 1 there is also a holiday,which is used to pay tribute to their goddess of Bo Mona.They bear ribs roasted nuts and apples before the bonfire.Our own Halloween seems to be a holiday by the Romans and the druids holiday blend made of.Halloween activities in the original is very simple,and mostly in the church carried out.However,in the whole of Europe,it is regarded as a Halloween enjoy slapstick,Jiangguigushi and a good opportunity to scare each other.So people will no longer be used to praise this Autumn Festival,but it becomes supernatural,witches and ghosts festival.

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halloween is an autumn holiday that americans celebrate every year. it means "holy evening," and it comes every october 31, the evening before all saints‘ day. however, it is not really a church holiday, it is a holiday for children mainly.

every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put a burning candle inside. it looks as if there were a person looking out of the pumpkin! these lights are called jack-o‘-lanterns, which means "jack of the lantern".

the children also put on strange masks and frightening costumes every halloween. some children paint their faces to look like monsters. then they carry boxes or bags from house to house. every time they come to a new house, they say,"trick or treat! money or eat!" the grown-ups put treat-money or candy in their bags.

not only children, but most grown-ups also love halloween and halloween parties because on this day,they can disguise themselves as personages or ghost as their imaginations will lead them. this bring them the satisfaction of being young.

元宵节的节期与节俗活动，是随历史的发展而延长、扩展的。就节期长短而言，汉代才一天，到唐代已为三天，宋代则长达五天，明代更是自初八点灯，一直到正月十七的夜里才落灯，整整十天。与春节相接，白昼为市，热闹非凡，夜间燃灯，蔚为壮观。特别是那精巧、多彩的灯火，更使其成为春节期间娱乐活动的高潮。至清代，又增加了舞龙、舞狮、跑旱船、踩高跷、扭秧歌等“百戏”内容，只是节期缩短为四到五天。

元宵节是中国的传统节日，早在2000多年前的西汉就有了，元宵赏灯始于东汉明帝时期，明帝提倡佛教，听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利，点灯敬佛的做法，就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛，令士族庶民都挂灯。以后这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。该节经历了由宫廷到民间，由中原到全国的发展过程。

在汉文帝时，已下令将正月十五定为元宵节。汉武帝时，“太一神”的祭祀活动定在正月十五。(太一：主宰宇宙一切之神)。司马迁创建“太初历”时，就已将元宵节确定为重大节日。

另有一说是元宵燃灯的习俗起源于道教的“三元说”;正月十五日为上元节，七月十五日为中元节，十月十五日为下元节。主管上、中、下三元的分别为天、地、人三官，天官喜乐，故上元节要燃灯。

关于元宵节的来历，民间还有几种有趣的传说：

汉文帝时为纪念“平吕”而设

另一个传说是元宵节是汉文帝时为纪念“平吕”而设。汉高祖刘邦死后，吕后之子刘盈登基为汉惠帝。惠帝生性懦弱，优柔寡断，大权渐渐落再吕后手中.汉惠帝病死后吕后独揽朝政把刘氏天下变成了吕氏天下，朝中老臣，刘氏宗室深感愤慨，但都惧怕吕后残暴而敢怒不敢言.

吕后病死后，诸吕惶惶不安害怕遭到伤害和排挤。于是，在上将军吕禄家中秘密集合，共谋作乱之事，以便彻底夺取刘氏江山。

此事传至刘氏宗室齐王刘囊耳中，刘囊为保刘氏江山，决定起兵讨伐诸吕随后与开国老臣周勃，陈平取得联系，设计解除了吕禄，“诸吕之乱”终于被彻底平定.

平乱之后，众臣拥立刘邦的第二个儿子刘恒登基，称汉文帝.文帝深感太平盛世来之不易，便把平息“诸吕之乱”的正月十五，定为与民同乐日，京城里家家张灯结彩，以示庆祝。从此，正月十五便成了一个普天同庆的民间节日——“闹元宵”。

东方朔与元宵姑娘

这一则传说与吃元宵的习俗有关：相传汉武帝有个宠臣名叫东方朔，他善良又风趣。有一天冬天，下了几天大雪 ，东方朔就到御花园去给武帝折梅花。刚进园门，就发现有个宫女泪流满面准备投井。东方朔慌忙上前搭救，并问明她要自杀的原因。原来，这个宫女名叫元宵，家里还有双亲及一个妹妹。自从她进宫以后，就再也无缘和家人见面。每年到了腊尽春来的时节，就比平常更加的思念家人。觉得不能在双亲跟前尽孝，不如一死了之。东方朔听了她的遭遇，深感同情，就向她保证，一定设法让她和家人团聚。

一天，东方朔出宫在长安街上摆了一个占卜摊。不少人都争着向他占卜求卦。不料，每个人所占所求，都是“正月十六火焚身”的签语。一时之间，长安里起了很大恐慌。人们纷纷求问解灾的办法。东方朔就说：“正月十三日傍晚，火神君会派一位赤衣神女下凡查访，她就是奉旨烧长安的使者，我把抄录的偈语给你们，可让当今天子想想办法。”说完，便扔下一张红帖，扬长而去。老百姓拿起红帖，赶紧送 到皇宫去禀报皇上。

汉武帝接过来一看，只见上面写着：“长安在劫，火焚帝阙，十五天火，焰红宵夜”，他心中大惊，连忙请来了足智多谋的东方朔。东方朔假意的想了一想，就说：“听说火神君最爱吃汤圆，宫中的元宵不是经常给你做汤圆吗?十五晚上可让元宵做好汤圆。万岁焚香上供，传令京都家家都做汤圆，一齐敬奉火神君。再传谕臣民一起在十五晚上挂灯，满城点鞭炮、放烟火，好像满城大火，这样就可以瞒过玉帝了。 此外，通知城外百姓，十五晚上进城观灯，杂在人群中消灾解难”。武帝听后，十分高兴，就传旨照东方朔的办法去做。

到了正月十五日长安城里张灯结彩，游人熙来攘往，热闹非常。宫女元宵的父母也带着妹妹进城观灯。当他们看到写有“元宵”字样的大宫灯时，惊喜的高喊：“元宵!元宵!”， 元宵听到喊声，终于和家里的亲人团聚了。

如此热闹了一夜，长安城果然平安无事。汉武帝大喜，便下令以后每到正月十五都做汤圆供火神君，正月十五照样全城挂灯放烟火。因为元宵做的汤圆最好，人们就把汤圆叫元宵，这天叫做元宵节。

关于灯的传说

传说在很久以前，凶禽猛兽很多，四处伤害人和牲畜，人们就组织起来去打它们， 有一只神鸟困为迷路而降落人间，却意外的被不知情的猎人给射死了。天帝知道后十分震怒，立即传旨，下令让天兵于正月十五日到人间放火，把人间的人畜财产通通烧死。 天帝的女儿心地善良，不忍心看百姓无辜受难，就冒着生命的危险，偷偷驾着祥云来到人间，把这个消息告诉了人们。众人听说了这个消息，有如头上响了一个焦雷。吓得不知如何是好，过了好久，才有个老人家想出个法子，他说：「在正月十四、十五、十六日这三天，每户人家都在家里张灯结彩、点响爆竹、 燃放烟火。这样一来，天帝就会以为人们都被烧死了」。

大家听了都点头称 是，便分头准备去了。到了正月十五这天晚上，天帝往下一看，发觉人间一片红光，响声震天，连续三个夜晚都是如此，以为是大火燃烧的火焰，以中大快。人们就这样保住了自己的生命及财产。为了纪念这次成功，从此每到正月十五，家家户户都悬挂灯笼，放烟火来纪念这个日子。

The American tradition of "trick-or-treating" probably dates back to the early All Souls Day parades in England. During the festivities, poor citizens would beg for food and families would give them pastries called "soul cakes" in return for their promise to pray for the familys dead relatives.

The distribution of soul cakes was encouraged by the church as a way to replace the ancient practice of leaving food and wine for roaming spirits. The practice, which was referred to as "going a-souling" was eventually taken up by children who would visit the houses in their neighborhood and be given ale, food, and money.

The tradition of dressing in costume for Halloween has both European and Celtic roots. Hundreds of years ago, winter was an uncertain and frightening time. Food supplies often ran low and, for the many people afraid of the dark, the short days of winter were full of constant worry. On Halloween, when it was believed that ghosts came back to the earthly world, people thought that they would encounter ghosts if they left their homes. To avoid being recognized by these ghosts, people would wear masks when they left their homes after dark so that the ghosts would mistake them for fellow spirits. On Halloween, to keep ghosts away from their houses, people would place bowls of food outside their homes to appease the ghosts and prevent them from attempting to enter.

An old story goes that once there were four single men, leading very boring lives. None of them were married, or had lovers, or did anything exciting. They just sat around all day and played Mahjong.

One day they played Mahjong from 11 in the morning until 11 at night. During the game, no matter who won, the winning card was always the four columns card (the card shows four independent, parallel columns in two lines)。 Even more of a coincidence, it was Nov 11, or 11/11. In order to commemorate the day, they nicknamed it "Singles Day".

1919年4月24日，梁启超从巴黎致电到国民外交协会："对德国事，闻将以青岛直接交日本，因日使力争结果，英法为所动。吾若认此，不啻加绳自缚，请警告政府及国民，严责各全权(代表)，万勿署名，以示决心。"

4月29-30日，参加巴黎和会的英美法3国代表召开会议，日本代表应邀出席，议定了凡尔赛和约关于山东问题的条款(第156、157、158条)，将德国在山东所攫取的权益让与日本。

5月1日，中国谈判代表、外交总长陆征祥将此事电告北京政府，并称如不签约，则对撤废领事裁判权、取消庚子赔款、关税自主及赔偿损失等等有所不利。北京政府外交委员会(总统府智囊机构)召开紧急会议，决定不签约。上海《大陆报》"北京通讯"透露："政府接巴黎中国代表团来电，谓关于索还胶州租借之对日外交战争，业已失败。"

5月2日，北京政府以密电通知在巴黎的中国代表可以签约。外交委员会事务长林长民在《晨报》、《国民公报》撰文呼吁："山东亡矣，国将不国矣，愿合四万万众誓死图之。"北大校长蔡元培将外交失败消息通报学生。

5月3日，北京各界紧急磋商对策。当晚北大学生在北河沿北大法科礼堂召开学生大会，并约请北京13所中等以上学校代表参加，大会决定于4日(星期天)举行示威游行，地点：******。

5月4日上午10时，各校学生代表在法政专门学校召开碰头会，商定了游行路线。一些准备以暴力行动惩办国贼的学生写下遗书。下午1时，北京学生3000余人从四面八方汇集******，现场悬挂北大学生"还我青岛"血书。在短暂的集会演说之后，队伍向使馆区进发。行至东交民巷西口，受到巡捕阻拦，学生遂推举代表请求会见4国公使。仅美国使馆人员接受了学生的陈词书，英法意使馆均以公使不在为由拒绝接受。3000余名学生在烈日下整整晒了两个小时，见使馆区不能通过，更加义愤满腔，队伍转向赵家楼曹汝霖住宅。学生们边行进，边宣传，"许多人民看见掉泪，许多西洋人看见脱帽喝彩，又有好些巡警也掉泪"。(《每周评论》1919年5月11日)下午4时许，学生涌至曹宅前。北京高师数理部学生匡互生率先跳入宅内并打开宅门，学生大队涌入，痛打了正在曹宅的驻日公使章宗祥。学生遍寻曹汝霖不着，激愤之下，于4时30分左右怒烧其宅。之后军警赶到，搜捕学生，被捕者共32人。

5月5日，北京各大专学校总罢课。远在郊外、未参加4日行动的清华学生宣布"从今日起与各校一致行动"。

5月7日，经蔡元培为首的校长团斡旋，被捕学生返校，学生复课。

5月9日，为爱护北大，蔡元培怀着复杂的心情秘密出走。

5月19日，北京25000名学生再次总罢课，之后开展演讲、抵制日货、发行爱国日刊等活动，并组织"护鲁义勇队"。

6月3日，北京学生因政府为曹汝霖、章宗祥、陆宗舆辩护，举行大规模街头演讲，当日170多名学生被捕。次日，北京学生出动比3日多一倍的人数上街演讲，当日700多名学生被捕。被捕学生太多，学校亦征作监狱。

6月5日，全国各大城市罢课、罢工、罢市，声援北京学生的爱国运动。800余名被监禁的学生获释。

6月10日，北京政府撤销曹、章、陆职务。

6月23日，徐世昌会见山东各界代表，表示政府已电令陆征祥从缓签字。

6月28日，中国全权代表陆征祥拒绝在凡尔赛对德和约上签字。实际上，中国代表由于住所被中国留法学生和工人包围，已无法外出赴会。

五四运动是一次彻底的不妥协的反帝反封建的爱国运动。它促进了马克思主义与中国工人运动的结合，造就了一批具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子，为中国共产党的建立做了思想上、干部上的准备。五四运动揭开了中国新民主主义革命的序幕，这场爱国运动推动了中国历史进程，促进了马克思主义在中国的广泛传播。为了继承和发扬“五四”运动以来中国青年光荣的革命传统，1939年，陕甘宁边区的西北青年救国联合会规定5月4日为青年节。1949年12月，中央人民政府政务院正式宣布这一规定。五四运动所倡导的“爱国、进步、民主、科学”精神仍然被当代年轻人所推崇。

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Halloweens origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced sow-in).

The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom, and northern France, celebrated their new year on November 1. This day marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31, they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. In addition to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the otherworldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic priests, to make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an important source of comfort and direction during the long, dark winter.

To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires, where the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices to the Celtic deities.

During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each others fortunes. When the celebration was over, they re-lit their hearth fires, which they had extinguished earlier that evening, from the sacred bonfire to help protect them during the coming winter.

By A.D. 43, Romans had conquered the majority of Celtic territory. In the course of the four hundred years that they ruled the Celtic lands, two festivals of Roman origin were combined with the traditional Celtic celebratiion of Samhain.

The first was Feralia, a day in late October when the Romans traditionally commemorated the passing of the dead. The second was a day to honor Pomona, the Roman goddess of fruit and trees. The symbol of Pomona is the apple and the incorporation of this celebration into Samhain probably explains the tradition of "bobbing" for apples that is practiced today on Halloween.

By the 800s, the influence of Christianity had spread into Celtic lands. In the seventh century, Pope Boniface IV designated November 1 All Saints Day, a time to honor saints and martyrs. It is widely believed today that the pope was attempting to replace the Celtic festival of the dead with a related, but church-sanctioned holiday. The celebration was also called All-hallows or All-hallowmas (from Middle English Alholowmesse meaning All Saints Day) and the night before it, the night of Samhain, began to be called All-hallows Eve and, eventually, Halloween. Even later, in A.D. 1000, the church would make November 2 All Souls Day, a day to honor the dead. It was celebrated similarly to Samhain, with big bonfires, parades, and dressing up in costumes as saints, angels, and devils. Together, the three celebrations, the eve of All Saints, All Saints, and All Souls, were called Hallowmas.

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