中考英语大常见错误解析【汇集20篇】

As a student, I expect the winter holiday very much, because I don’t have

to go to school every day. So I can sleep and get up late. But this winter

holiday, I am not very happy. I didn’t do well in the final exam. It makes my

parents disappointed. I feel sorry to them. Besides, I got ill the whole winter

holiday. I caught a cold at first and then had a fever. I had to see a doctor

every day. My parents worried much about me. Because of the illness, I didn’t

have a good time during the New Year. Now, I am a little better. I hope I could

be well soon, because the new term is beginning. I don’t want to go to school

with illness.

Last week, I saw a very impressive documentary about panda. A professor

studied panda in the early 1980s went to the wild life and kept trace of wild

giant panda for many years. As a result, he found that it was human being that

made these lovely animals die out. At that time, many people believed that giant

panda became less because of the low rate of newborn babies. But it was not

true. People cut trees for making profit at that time. Panda lose homeland and

they lacked of food. Thanks to these valuable data, the government took the

policy to protect the animals. So today, the number of giant panda is

increasing. People realize the importance of protecting the environment and it

is the best way to protect wild animals, they are the indispensable part of the

nature.

I always care so much about the food I eat, because my stomach is a little

week, so I can’t eat the junk food all the time. The healthy food makes me keep

fit so I eat it. Vegetable is very important, we should eat it every meal. The

fruit contains a lot of vitamins, it is in need. The fish is best for me.

It`s one of the traditional Festivals of Chinese.And it `s a day in honour

to Quyuan,who is one of the greatest poet in China.Qingming is also one of the

24seasonal division points in China.It is may 5th on April in every year.On that

day,people will free of work or school that in memory of their ancestors.Besides

parents will take their children to the countryside,where they may have a

picinc.As the festival is in spring,It`s warm and comfortable,families often go

to parks to fly the kites.

This is the Qingming Festival,I hope you can come here next year during

Qingming Festival.

Life is unique, is precious, the world because of had the best and become life. Your life, you cherish? If you want to secure life, please obey the traffic rules.

From the ancient to the now, not just the changes in the dynasty, science is becoming more and more developed in transportation. In the economic prosperity of society, the vehicles in the street, maybe at this time, because of your negligence or violation, will bring inconvenience to traffic, also may let your mind overshadowed.

According to incomplete statistics, in 2006 21922 traffic accidents occurred in fujian province, 3871 people were killed and 25000 injured, lost more than 8000 ten thousand yuan. The traffic accident death toll in recent 10 years in our country is located in the worlds first. Because the car accident, how many family bereavement and destruction; How many families in debt due to traffic accident compensation liability shall not turn...

Last weekend, my mother and I in passing through the square, suddenly heard a scream behind. I looked back, "the..." With sharp brakes, a van has stopped in front of a little girl fell to the ground. At the same time, a group of people to come to there, my mother and I are crowded in the past. See the girl in shock, his face pale, after a long time, just "wow" to a loud cry. The girls mother leaned over and lifted the girls trousers and sleeves, that bloody hands and feet, really let a person love dearly. The woman did emergency processing for the child, she called the van driver to send their child to the hospital. Crowd buzzing around: "ah, this girl is really of, also do not obey the traffic rules, do like this, fortunately, no big deal." the traffic accident, make me feel the seriousness of the do not obey the traffic rules. Because at that time careless, spirit will bring irreparable damage.

Here, I to every student, every one of my friends call: "traffic safety is created by all of us. We should establish the starts from me, starts from the minor matter, starts from now, all to be good citizens obey the traffic rules. I believe that with the joint efforts of us all, traffic accidents will be far from us, tomorrow will be more happy, happy!

生命是唯一的,是宝贵的,世界因为有了生命而变得精彩.您的生命，您珍惜吗?要想生命得到保障,请您遵守交通规则.

从远古世纪到现在,不仅仅是朝代在变,科学在交通工具上也越来越发达.在经济繁荣的社会中，街上的车辆逐渐增多，也许就在这时,因为您的疏忽或违规,会给交通带来不便，也可能会让您的心灵蒙上一层阴影.

据不完全统计,福建省2006年发生交通事故21922起,3871人死亡，25000人受伤,损失8000多万元人民币.我国的交通事故死亡人数近10年来始终是位于世界第一位的.由于车祸,有多少家庭痛失亲人,家家破人亡;又有多少家庭因负车祸赔偿责任而债台高筑不得翻身......

上周末，我和妈妈在路过广场时,猛然听见身后一片尖叫.我向后看去，"支......"随着刺耳的刹车声，一辆面包车已经停在了一个摔倒在地的小女孩面前.同时，一群人向那边涌去,我和妈妈也挤了过去。只见那女孩惊魂未定,脸色惨白，过了好一会儿,才"哇"地一声哭了。女孩的妈妈俯下身,撩起女孩的裤管和衣袖,那血肉模糊的手脚，真让人心疼。那妇女为孩子做了紧急处理，便赶快叫面包车司机把孩子送到医院。周围的群众议论纷纷:"哎,这女孩也真是的,不遵守交通规则,弄成这样，幸亏没什么大碍."这起车祸，让我感受到不遵守交通规则的严重性.因为一时的粗心大意，会给人带来无法弥补的精神伤害.

在此,我向每一位同学、每一位朋友呼吁:"交通安全靠我们大家来创造。我们应该确立从我做起，从小事做起,从现在做起的观念，人人争当遵守交通规则的好公民。我相信，有了我们大家的共同努力，交通事故一定会远离我们，明天将会更加幸福、美好!

Today, I am very happy! Because its the Dragon Boat Festival today! No matter where you go, you can ask for a smell of zongzi. The streets, everywhere to buy dumplings: a small meat meat, meat, egg yolk, meat dumplings, dumplings red dates......

When asked about the fragrance of zongzi, I realized that I was hungry. "Dad! Give me a big meat!" I said. "I want it too, I want it, too!" My sister said. " Dad said, "OK!" Ok! One person, all right. " "Eee!" I said to my sister.

"Well, hmmm! This is delicious, this one is delicious! " I, mom and dad and sister repeatedly praised. Mom said, "now you eat too much, do you want to eat at noon?" I said, "hee - hee, see it at noon." "Its no way to take you!" Linda! Ha ha! " After eating, we went to play badminton.

How happy today it is! I like the Dragon Boat Festival! Oh Yeah!

My family, there is a mountain, this is my father. He is a man of humor, sometimes is also a serious person, when I did on the exam, he is engaged in the smile, said: "my daughter is really cool." But when I take an examination of is not good, also a in two different conditions. See if my paper is careless mistake, my father will be severely criticized me. 2. Hell take a look at my test paper, if I really dont, he doesnt speak, I also want to pull me to the in front of him, ask what the hell am I going, sometimes he told me more than an hour, you know I will so far, this is my father, a sense of humor and serious man,

In my family, there is a beauty, this is my mom, is a man with big eyes, the nose is very clever, how to say, she is probably the most beautiful Ive ever seen a young mother, my mother wont say me, but when I get bad she cant talk but with his eyes looking at me, I can see thick affection from her eyes, and my eyes is deeply sorry, and I will take an examination of well, next time to give them a replacement.

Dont forget, I still a little people in the family,I am a very happy person, from say, I am an optimist, and one more thing, my father and mother are all people, with a pair of glasses to me here, didnt wear glasses, and his eyes still surprisingly good, may come to me is a variable. I always say: "you have to wear glasses, why I dont wear glasses?"

Anyway I have a happy family!

我的家庭，有一个大山，这就是我的父亲。他是一个幽默的人，有时也是一个严肃的人，当我考得好的时候，他从事眉开眼笑，说：“我的女儿真棒”。但当我考的不好的时候，也分两种情况一。看看我的试卷如果是马虎错的话，我的爸爸会狠狠的批评我。二。他也会看看我的试卷，如果我真的不会的话，他不会说我，也要把我拉到他的面前，问我到底会不会，有时他会给我讲上一个小时多，知道我会为止，这就是我的父亲，一个又幽默又严肃的人，

我的家庭中，有一个美人，这就是我的妈妈，是一个眼睛大大的人，鼻子非常灵秀，怎么说的，她可能是我见过的一个最美丽的年轻妈妈了，我的妈妈不会说我，但是当我考的差的话她不会说话而是用眼睛看着我，我从她的眼睛中能看出浓浓的亲情，而我眼中是深深的歉意，而我下次一定能考好，给他们一个交代。

别忘了，这个家庭中还有我一个小人，我是一个非常愉快的人，从之说，我是一个乐天派的人，还有一件事，我的爸爸和妈妈都是戴眼镜的人，惹到我这里的，不到没戴眼镜，而且眼睛还是出奇的好，可能到我这里是变异了吧。我总是说：“你们都戴眼镜，为什么我不戴眼镜呢?”

总之我有一个快乐的家庭!

With the brilliant fireworks light the sky, the prelude of the festival is

starting.No matter how long and how tough it is, the Chinese people trudged long

way to back home for the reunion of the family in the eve. It has been lasting

for many years, the Spring Festival Gala on the TV show is the repertoire,

entire family is enjoying the delicious and abundant dinner and foods and

watching the show together.For Chinese, every terrible memory and unhappiness

will be stopped at this night, and a splendid next year will also begin at here.

Their wishes become the blare of the crackers and colorful flash of the firework

into the air and spread faraway.For generations, the Spring Festival Eve is

considred as a new start for the future, a wonderful conclusion for passed a

year, and night when everybody is able to open their mind.

With the dramatic increasing economy, people have less time to stay with

the family. But in this eve, it could be a payback,a compensation, or a

opportunity to everybody who wants to share the enjoyment with his or her

family. The relaxing conversation and jokes are around the rooms with the warm

atmosphere in the chill winter night.

There are a lot of traditions of the eve inherited for generations. But,

now more and more new fashions introduced into this eve and even replaced the

old traditions. More and more people are glad to have the dinner in the

restaurants instead of cooking and having at home. However, no matter what it

is, a harmouious and peaceful night is the favorite of everybody here.

Friend plays important role in our lives. Everyone needs his or her own

friends. Some people make friends easily but some do not. And “friend” means

differently to people. Some people think friends should stay together all the

time, but some others think that share and support is the real meaning of

friend. From my point of view, friend is the person who will always be with you

no matter what happens. It’s the person who can share your happiness as well as

sorrows.

英语写作要拿高分其实并不是很难，只要掌握了一定的词量以及写作方法就有可以能拿到高分。下面是语文迷为大家整理的英语写作高分秘诀，希望对你有帮助。

一、中考英语写作的概述

你对于在中考英语写作中拿高分有把握吗?实际考试中，许多学生却常常有“无话可说”的感觉。那要如何我们才能克服这种无话的状态，取得高分呢?

归根到底这是一个英语基本功——单词、短语和句型的问题。

英语作文的前提条件是掌握了一定量的词汇、语法及体裁、题材等方面的知识。学生如果想要在写作方面有本质上的提升，必须进行多次的写作练习。因此，必须合理地设置训练步骤，遵循从初级到高级，从简单到复杂的原则去练习，经过一段写作实践之后，写作水平一定会有大幅度的提高。

中考英语作文对考生的要求有四点：1、内容要完整。2、语句流畅。3、没有语法错误。4、书写规范。

二、中考英语写作的评分标准

1、老师拿到的标准

写作水平的高低和文章的好坏，分数是最直接的评分标准，也是考生们最关心的。但是多少考生真正透彻知道中考英语写作的评分标准?什么样的文章才是阅卷老师眼中的好文章?

评分标准：

(1)整篇作文满分20分，其中内容8分，语言8分，结构4分。

(2)内容贴切，句子流畅，用语准确，加整体印象分1分。

(3)不满60个词，少1——5个词扣0.5分，6——10个词扣1分。

(4)所有给出问题涉及的三项内容，每少一项扣3分。

(5)每个拼写，大小写，标点符号等错误扣0.5分;同一的拼写错误不重复扣分，扣分总和不超过2分。

(6)语法错误每项扣1分，同一错误不重复扣分，扣分总和不超过2分。

2、老师想看到的标准

语言(8分)：

词——固定搭配、高频重点词汇;

句——复杂句(各种从句)、特殊句型、正确的句子!

内容(8分)：(总、分)论点、论据支持句;简洁、切合主题的记叙内容。

结构(4分)：

语言结构——句子重点突出、内容清晰;

内容结构——论点、论据以及记叙之间的逻辑关系;

句数控制——对于相对内容的句数掌握;

亮点、出彩点——排比、拟人、谚语、成语、押韵等。

三、扣分

内容方面：要点缺失，可酌情扣分。比如中考作文“Iwanttodosomethingformyschool”，若没有写一件具体的事情，是要扣3分以上的;若写的事情太过于虚幻，没有实际内容，也会扣1-2分。

字数：少于60字的作文要酌情扣分。

中考英语作文要求60字以上，标点符号不算，少了就要扣分。

但是60字的作文能不能得高分?从我们拿到的实例作文来看，16分以上的作文，没有少于75字的，甚至少于80字的也少之又少。

当然，也极少有超过100字的，因为中考试卷的短线格一共80个，在格子下面大约还有2行的空间，可以加20字左右，再多阅卷人就很难看清了，也会影响卷面的美观。

所以，同学们如果想让作文得到高分，最好是让字数在75-100字之间。

语法和拼写错误：每个扣0.5，重复错误不计;

标点错误：每4个扣0.5。

四、加分

作文的组织结构分。就是根据学生使用复杂句型、单词和谚语、俗语的情况来加分。只要文章中有1个亮点，基本就可以争取到1分(3分的文采分是很难全部拿到的)。而这1分的亮点，是可以提前准备的。

“万金油”式的复杂句型，例如强调句型、only相关的倒装句等，只要同学们多操练几次，几乎是一定能用到作文当中，从而为自己争取到这1分。

其次就是卷面分。很多家长(微博)和同学，尤其是部分书法并不是十分整洁的同学，都会关心是否真的有“卷面分”的存在。虽然在阅卷标准里面并没有卷面分这一项，但是这个分数却真切地反映在了同学们的分数里面。

据阅卷老师的经验，在阅卷的时候并不是按这3个部分逐项打分的，而是在第一遍读完全文之后，心里已经形成了一个“印象分”，然后再细读第二、三遍，把印象分分配到各个打分部分。

因此，这个“印象分”就非常重要，而同学们的书法，也正是在这个环节，影响到了自己的分数。所以初三的考生，如果书法不好，一定要注意。

期中初二英语作文篇1

Everyone wants to know their future, but nobody knows it. I hope my future will like that. I think I will be an excellent lawyer in the future. I help many people who is in difficulty. I will help the people are in need, no matter they are rich or poor. Then I think I will have a good reputation among the society. In order to have a good body, I will do some exercise every week. My family will be proud of me and always stand behind me. I will work hard to reach my future. Ok, this is the future in my dream. What’ yours?

每个人都想知道自己的未来，却没有人可以知道它。我希望我的未来会这样的。我想将来我会成为一位出色的律师。我会帮助很多人有困难的人。我会帮助那些有需要帮助的人，无论他们是富人还是穷人。我会在社会中享有良好的信誉。为了身体健康，我每个星期都会做一些运动。我的家人为我感到骄傲，而且会永远支持我。我会努力实现那样子的未来。好了，这就是我梦想中的未来。你的是什么呢?

期中初二英语作文篇2

As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. In some places we cant see fish swimming in the river or trees on the hills. Bird there is less and less fresh water in the world.Some people even have no clean water to drink. So I think we must do something to protect the environment. But what can we do? How to protect our environment? For example, we can go to school on foot or by bike instead of taking a car. We had better use shopping basketbets instead of plastic bags when we go shopping. We should use both sides of the paper when we write. Dot use paper cups. At our school dinning room, use our own bowls and chopsticks instead of disposable ones. We can reuse the water and save the electricity.In a word, if everyone pays more attention to ourenvironment, there will be less pollution and our life will be better.

"There is only one earth", I hope everyone will protect our environment well.

期中初二英语作文篇3

The leaves circled in the air and were written with a grateful movement, which was the trees thanks to the nourishment of the earth; the white clouds drifted in the blue sky and painted the picture of the sky, which was the blue sky Thanksgiving. Because Thanksgiving will have this colorful society, because Thanksgiving will have sincere friendship. Because thanksgiving let us know the true meaning of life - inscription

From the babys "wah-wah" to fall to nurture him grow up, parents spent a lot of effort and sweat, weaving the number of day and night; from primary school to junior high school, and even the number of teachers for his painstaking efforts , Quietly dedicated light and heat, burning their own, lit up others.

Thanksgiving is from the heart. As the saying goes, "dripping of grace, when the Yongquan phase reported." Moreover, parents, relatives and friends to pay you not only "a drop of water", but a vast ocean. Whether you handed a cup of warm tea after your parents were tired, handed a card on their birthday, and greeted and comforted them when they were lost. They often poured hard and energy for us, and why did we remember them Of the birthday, to experience their tired, and whether it is aware of the strands of silver, that trace of wrinkles. Thanksgiving need your heart to experience, to repay.

Thanksgiving is respectful. Marie Curie as a famous scientist, twice won the Nobel Prize, but she saw her primary school teacher at the meeting, with a bouquet of flowers to express her gratitude; great Mao Zedong also sent to the teacher in the holiday season Deeply grateful. Since ancient times the great man all have a grateful heart, grateful do not need to earth-shattering, just need your greeting, a call, a trace of emotion.

Thanksgiving is meaningful. Love to keep the world spinning. Parents pay far more than the mountains, than the sea deep, and as we only know rice to mouth, clothing to reach out. And it seems that there is a separate zone, let us become selfish, forget the parents have to pay, forget that the sound of happiness, learn to appreciate others is their own conscience, a filial piety, because it will have Harmony, there is happiness, there is respect between each other.

With a grateful heart, to look at the community, look at their parents, look at friends and relatives, you will find yourself how happy, let go of your mind, so start falling rain to wash your mind pollution. Learn to be grateful because it will make the world a better place and make life more fulfilling.

我的错误My Fault

Last week, my friend asked me to go to the park with him, I was so happy to say yes. But when that day came, I forgot about our date, I overslept and then stayed at home, watching the TV series. When my friend called me, I suddenly thought of our date, I was so sorry, it is my fault. I must take some action to make up my fault.

上周，我的朋友叫我和他一起去公园，我很开心地答应了。但是那天到来的时候，我忘记了我们的约定，我睡过头了，并且呆在家里看电视剧。在朋友打电话来的时候，我突然想起了我们的约定，我很抱歉，那是我的错误。我必须做一些事情来弥补我的错。

[我的错误 My Fault英语作文

What is art? When people think about this question, they will naturally

think about all kinds of musical instruments or the great paintings in the art

museums. Art seems to so far away from the ordinary people, but I don’t think

so. Art is everywhere. For example, the delicious food that is made by our

parents is the great art, and the value of the food is to bring people the great

joy when they have a taste of it. The scenery around us is the visible art, when

we appreciate it, our mood become eased. Art is something that brings people the

positive value for me, so art is around everybody. If we take time to slow down

our pace, then we can enjoy art from life and feel the comfortable

lifestyle.

Helen Keller

Helen Keller lived in the USA. She was a GREat woman.

Helen was blind and deaf. She couldn’t see anything or hear anything. Her parents are very sad.

A teacher helped Helen study words. Helen studied them very hard when she GREw up. She went to college. In Helen Keller’s life, she wrote fourteen books and her first book is My Life. The book If you give me three days light is very famous.

She has some words: Be of good cheer. Do not think of today’s failures, but of the success that may come tomorrow. You have set yourself a difficult task, but you will succeed if you persevere; and you will find joy in overcoming obstacles.

Though she was blind and deaf, she found a way to see and hear.

[中考英语作文：Helen Keller

Dear friend,

Welcome to our school. I would like to talk about two ways of study in our school. The first way is to study in groups. When we study in groups, we can help each other. We can learn to listen to others and how to work together. Also, everyone can have chances to express his own ideas. The other way we like is to study by ourselves. We can make our own plans for study and learn to make good use of time. We can also learn to think by ourselves. And the most important thing is that we we can be the master of our own study Thanks for listening!

[中考英语话题作文

Many years ago, when the online business first became popular among the

public. The manufacturers tried to make some slogans so as to catch more

customers. Then the day of November 11th was named the single day, and they gave

great discount. Today, it has become a shopping day.

There is no doubt that e-commerce is the future. With more young people

rely on the Internet, they get used to purchase online. Looked at the past five

years, November 11th gala has been famous around the world for the great profit

gained on that day. According to the report, the total income of e-commerce on

this gala surpasses the rest days of the year! What a surprise data.

The businessmen sense the great market potential and they advocate people

to make purchase on that single day, because there is great discount. If they

miss it, they will be regretful. With the successful marketing strategy, all the

people are so crazy about this gala. No one can resist the temptation, because

there is always something they want.

I love reading, which enriches my knowledge and helps me know more about

the world. I love the school atmosphere. Students study together here and make

progress gradually. My favorite place here is library. I can read many books

here. Once I have some questions, I can find a lot of information. We fight for

the goal and plan details in the library in group task. I have so many good

memories to study here, which makes me so happy. No matter which school I am in,

I will always find this quiet corner and study what I like. I love the feelings

there.

Diverted traffic

交叉路口

Entry to motorway

高速入口

Left junction

左交叉口

Approaching end of motorway

即将驶出高速

Avoid the jams

避免交通堵塞

Dangerous bend

弯道危险

Look left (right)

向左(右)看

Low bridge ahead

前方桥低

Slow, school

前方学校请慢行

Speed limit of 48km/h

限速每小时48公里

The law requires you wear a seatbelt

法规要求系安全带

This vehicle stops frequently

随时停车

New hours of parking control

停车控制新时段

No entry

禁止驶人

No stopping at any time

任何时间不准停车

No thoroughfare

禁止通行

No trade or business vehicle unless authorized

未经允许货车禁止通行

Pedestrian crossing ahead

注意前方人行横道

Pedestrian crossing

人行横道

Please drive carefully

请小心驾驶

Road closed

此路封闭

Orginate in America in the Mothers Festival.May 9,1906, American

consumingcity Jia-Wei the mother misfortune of silk dies , her grief

extremely.AvoidJapan in annual mother death anniversary, Miss An Na organizes

catch up thecampaign of Sai mother, encourage other person to also express the

gratitude forown loving mother with similar way.

Hereafter, she convinces people everywhere and establishes the

MothersFestival to the appeal of all sectors of society and call.Her appeal gets

warmresponse.

Through draft resolution, on May 10,1913, American Senate and House

ofRepresentatives signs by president Wilson second that announces and decides

eachyears May for Sunday, is the Mothers Festival.

This measure arouses world countries, is imitated one after another,install

to 1948 Na pass away , 43 countries have established the MothersFestival.

一、常见借代词语：

1、桑梓：家乡

2、桃李：学生

3、社稷、轩辕：国家

4、南冠：囚犯

5、同窗：同学

6、烽烟：战争

7、巾帼：妇女

8、丝竹：音乐

9、须眉：男子

10、婵娟、嫦娥：月亮

11、手足：兄弟

12、汗青：史册

13、伉俪：夫妻

14、白丁、布衣：百姓

15、伛偻，黄发：老人

16、桑麻：农事

17、提携，垂髫：小孩

18、三尺：法律

19、膝下：父母

20、华盖：运气

21、函、简、笺、鸿雁、札：书信

22、庙堂：朝廷

二、作者作品：

1、唐宋八大家：韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩

2、并称“韩柳”的是韩愈和柳宗元，他们是唐朝古文运动的倡导者。

3、一门父子三词客：苏洵(老苏)、苏轼(大苏)、苏辙(小苏)。

4、豪放派词人：苏轼、辛弃疾，并称“苏辛”; 婉约派词人：李清照(女词人)

5、李杜：李白、杜甫。小李杜：李商隐、杜牧。

6、屈原：我国最早的伟大诗人，他创造了“楚辞”这一新诗体，开创了我国诗歌浪漫主义风格。

7、孔子名丘，字仲尼，春秋时鲁国人，他是儒家学派的创始人，被称为“孔圣人”，孟子被称为“亚圣”，两人并称为“孔孟”。

8、苏轼称赞王维“诗中有画，画中有诗。”

9、杜甫是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，其诗广泛深刻的反映社会现实，被称为“诗史”，杜甫也因此被尊为“诗圣”，有著名的“三吏”：《潼关吏》、《石壕吏》、《新安吏》;“三别”：《新婚别》、《垂老别》、《无家别》。

10、我国第一部纪传体通史是《史记》(又称《太史公书》)，作者是汉朝的司马迁，鲁迅称《史记》为“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”，有：12本纪、30世家、70列传、10表、8书，共130篇。

11、“四史”：《史记》、《汉书》、《后汉书》、《三国志》。

12、元曲四大家：关汉卿、郑光祖、白朴、马致远。

13、《聊斋志异》是我国第一部优秀文言短篇小说集，作者是清代著名小说家蒲松龄。“聊斋”是他的书屋名，“志”是记叙，“异”是奇怪的事情。

14、书法四大家：颜真卿、柳公权、欧阳询、赵孟(fǔ)

15、战国时期百家争鸣主要流派及代表：

儒家：孔子 孟子

法家：韩非子

道家：庄子、列子

墨家：墨子

16、南宋四大家：陆游、杨万里、范成大、尤袤

17、边塞诗人：高适、岑参、王昌龄

18、唐宗：唐太宗李世民 宋祖：宋太祖赵匡胤 秦皇：秦始皇嬴政 汉武：汉武帝刘彻

19、我国第一位田园诗人是东晋的陶渊明(陶潜)，他“不为五斗米折腰”。

20、世界文学作品中四大吝啬鬼：葛朗台、夏洛克、泼溜希金、阿巴贡。

21、中国吝啬鬼的典型：严监生。

三、中国文学之最：

最早的诗歌总集是《诗经》;

最早的爱国诗人是屈原;

最早的田园诗人是东晋的陶渊明;

最早的也是最杰出的边塞诗人是盛唐的高适和岑参;

古代最杰出的豪放派词人是北宋的苏轼;

古代最杰出的女词人是南宋的李清照;

古代最著名的爱国词人是南宋的辛弃疾;

古代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人是唐代的李白;

古代最伟大的现实主义诗人是唐代的杜甫;

古代写诗最多的爱国诗人是南宋的陆游;

古代最著名的长篇神话小说是明代吴承恩的《西游记》;

古代最著名的长篇历史小说是明初罗贯中的《三国演义》;

古代最早写农民起义的长篇小说是元末明初施耐庵的《水浒传》;

古代最伟大的现实主义长篇小说是清代曹雪芹的《红楼梦》;

古代最杰出的长篇讽刺小说是清代吴敬梓的《儒林外史》;

古代最杰出的文言短篇小说集是清代蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》;

古代最早的语录体散文是《论语》;

古代最早的记事详备的编年体史书是《左传》;

古代最早的纪传体通史是《史记》;

古代最杰出的铭文是唐代刘禹锡的《陋室铭》;

现代最伟大的文学家是鲁迅;

现代最杰出的长篇小说是茅盾的《子夜》;

现代最有影响的短篇小说集是鲁迅的《呐喊》。

四、文化常识：

1、初唐四杰：王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王。

2、三国：魏、蜀、吴。

3、“四大古典名著”：《红楼梦》、《三国演义》、《水浒》、《西游记》。

4、“四大民间传说”：《牛郎织女》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《孟姜女》、《白蛇传》。

5、世界四大短篇小说巨匠：契诃夫、莫泊桑、马克·吐温、欧·亨利。

6、苏轼的散文代表北宋散文的最高成就，其诗与黄庭坚并称“苏黄”。

7、马致远的散曲代表作《天净沙·秋思》，被誉为“秋思之祖”。

8、曹雪芹“披阅十载，增删五次”创作了我国古典小说中最伟大的现实主义作品《红楼梦》(又称《石头记》)，它问世后就广为流传，深受人们喜爱，还出现了专门研究该书的一门学问——“红学”，“红学”现已成为世界文学研究中的重要课题。

9、鲁迅是中国现代文学的奠基人，陈毅被称为“元帅诗人”;

臧克家因诗作多为农村题材，有“泥土诗人”之称;

田间被闻一多誉为“时代的鼓手”(擂鼓诗人)。

10、岁寒三友：松、竹、梅。

11、花中四君子：梅、兰、竹、菊。

12、文人四友：琴、棋、书、画。

13、文房四宝：笔、墨、纸、砚。

14、四库全书：经、史、子、集。

15、《诗经》“六义”指：风、雅、颂(分类)、赋、比、兴(表现手法)。

16、唐诗、宋词、元曲、明清小说。

17、桂冠、鳌头、榜首、问鼎、夺魁：第一。

18、三纲五常：“三纲”：父为子纲、君为臣纲、夫为妻纲;“五常”：仁、义、礼、智、信。

19、“四书”“五经”是儒家的主要经典：“四书”即《论语》《孟子》《中庸》《大学》;“五经”指《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》。

20、三皇：天皇、地皇、人皇或伏羲、女娲、神农;

五帝：黄帝、颛顼、帝喾、唐尧、虞舜。

21、五金：金、银、铜、铁、锡。

22、五味：酸、甜、苦、辣、咸。

23、五行：金、木、水、火、土。

24、“永字八法”是说“永”字具有：点、横、竖、撇、捺、折、钩、提八种笔画。

25、古代的学校有庠、序、太学等名称，明清时最高学府为国子监。

26、三教九流：“三教”：儒教、佛教、道教;“九流”：儒家、道家、阴阳家、法家、名家、墨家、纵横家、杂家、农家。

27、古代科举考试(从隋代至明清)：

A 童生试，也叫“童试”，应试者不分年龄大小都称童生，合格后取得生员(秀才、相公)资格，这样才能参加科举考试。

B 乡试，明清两代每三年在各省省城举行的一次考试，由秀才参加，考取的叫举人，第一名叫解(jiè)员。

C 会试，明清两代每三年在京城举行的一次考试，各省的举人及国子监监生皆可应考，录取三百名为贡士，第一名叫会元。

D 殿试，是科举制最高级别的考试，皇帝在殿廷上，对会试录取的贡士亲自策问，以定甲第。录取分三甲：一甲三名，赐“进士及第”的称号，第一名称状元(鼎元)，第二名称榜眼，第三名称探花，合称“三甲鼎”;二甲若干名，赐“进士出身”的称号;三甲若干名，赐“同进士出身”的称号。

附：(表格)

级别

(童试)院试 正式科举考试

乡试

会试 殿试

时间 每年一次

三年一次(秋) 三年一次(春)

会试后同年4月

地点 府(州)县

省城

礼部(京城) 宫殿

应试者 儒生、童生

秀才 举人

贡士 获取功名

秀才 (举人)第一名为解元

(贡士)第一名为会元 (进士)前三名为：

状元、榜眼、探花 正式的科举考试分类：乡试、会试、殿试三级。

连登三甲(三元及第)：解元——会元——状元古代科举考试。

五、诗句与人：

三顾频频天下计，两朝开济老臣心。——诸葛亮

出师未捷身先死，长使英雄泪满襟。——诸葛亮

出师一表真名世，千载谁堪伯仲间。——诸葛亮

已知天下三分鼎，犹竭人谋就出师。——诸葛亮

刚正不阿,留得正气冲霄汉;幽愁发愤，著成信史照尘寰。——司马迁

酌酒花间磨针石上，倚剑天外挂弓扶桑。——李白

千古诗才，蓬莱文章建安骨;一身傲骨，青莲居士谪仙人。——李白

翁去八百年，醉乡犹在;山行六七里，亭影不孤。——欧阳修

铁板铜琶继东坡高唱大江东去，美芹悲黍冀南宋莫随鸿雁南飞。——辛弃疾

世上苍痍，诗中圣哲;人间疾苦，笔底波澜。——杜甫

犹留正气参天地，永剩丹心照古今。——文天祥

深思高举洁白清忠，汩罗江上万古悲风。——屈原

四面湖山归眼底，万家忧乐在心头。——范仲淹

大河百代，众浪齐奔淘尽万古英雄汉;词苑千载，群芳竞秀盛开一枝女儿花。——李清照

译著尚未成书，惊闻陨星，中国何人领呐喊?先生已经作古，痛忆旧雨，文坛从此感彷徨。——鲁迅

毛泽东称朱自清：“不为五斗米而折腰的人。”

列宁赞高尔基：“无产阶级艺术的最杰出的代表。”

芭蕾舞的化身：乌兰诺娃。

关汉卿被称为：“东方的莎士比亚”。

六、一句话评书：

①《三国演义》：文不甚深，言不甚俗。

②《红楼梦》：字字看来皆是血，十年辛苦不寻常。(曹雪芹语)

③《梦溪笔谈》：中国科技史上的坐标。(英·李约瑟)

④龙争虎斗：《三国演义》

⑤帝王的镜子：《资治通鉴》

⑥隽永的说辞：《战国策》

⑦不朽的战争艺术：《孙子兵法》

⑧旧时代的葬歌：《骆驼祥子》

七、人的称谓：

(一) 称字：幼时命名由父亲长辈命名，成年(男20，女15)取字沈德鸿字雁冰，鲁迅字豫才。

(二) 称号：一般只用于自称，以显示某种志趣或抒发某种情感，年龄不限，如李白号青莲居士，白居易号香山居士，李清照号易安居士。

(三) 称谥号：古代王侯将相、高级官吏、著名文士等死后被追加的称号，如范仲淹称文正，欧阳修称文忠。

(四) 称籍贯：以人的出身地命名，如孟浩然称孟襄阳，柳宗元又称柳河东。

(五) 称官名：以人的官名来命名，如杜甫称杜工部。

(六) 称官地：以人做官的地方来命名。如岑参：岑嘉州 柳宗元称柳柳州

(七)古代帝王对贵族功臣的封赐爵号(位)：公、侯、伯、子、男(五等

八、谦称：

1、 自称：愚、敝、卑、臣、仆

2、 帝王自称：孤、寡、朕

3、 古代官吏自称：下官、末官、小吏

4、 读书人自称：小生、晚生、晚学、不才、不肖

5、 古人称自己一方的亲属朋友用家或舍：如家父、家母、家兄、舍弟、舍妹、舍侄

6、 其他自谦词：

尊长者自称：在上

晚辈自称：在下

老人自称：老朽、老夫

女子自谦：妾

Every child needs to receive education and they spend so much time to learn

knowledge, whether they are like or not. The adults always tell their children

that as they are young and full of energy, so they should learn knowledge and

skills, but most kids dont know the necessity of study. The most important

reason to study is to keep pace with the time. We live in the society that we

need to make connections with others. If we dont get the newest information, we

will be kicked out and have no idea what they are talking about, then isolation

happens. Whats more, when we are equipped with skills, we can make our choices

and take charge of our life. In order to live the comfortable life, we must

study hard and fight for our future.