中考英语大常见错误解析【汇集20篇】

However,the Spring Festival in 2020 is totally different.A war without smoke and

guns has started,and the "new tubular virus"pneumonia has swept through.All

departments have responded positively and fought against the epidemic

together.

然而2020年的春节却完全不一样，一场不见硝烟，不闻炮响的战争打响了，不宣而战，“新型管状病毒”席卷而至，各地各部门积极响应，共同对抗疫情。

Angels in white, armed police officers and soldiers,volunteers.Many brave

men are fighting in the front line. As the lifes reverser,they have opened a

new chapter in2020.

白衣天使们，武警官兵们，志愿者们……许许多多奋战在一线的勇士们，他们作为生命的逆行者，开启了2020的新篇章。

2020 is a new beginning,but just at the time of the Spring Festival,the

Chinese people once again face the virus crisis: new coronavirus,only17years

since the last SARS in2003.

2020年是一个新的开始，可是，恰好在春节降临之际，中华人民再一次面对病毒危机：新形冠状病毒，距离上次2003年非典仅过去17年。

Before the Spring Festival this year, a coronal pneumonia swept across the

country like a wind.

今年春节前一场冠性肺炎像场风一样，席卷了全国

一个小男孩问上帝：“一万年对你来说有多长？”上帝回答说：“像一分钟。”小男孩又问上帝说：“一百万元对你来说有多少？”上帝回答说：“像一元。”小男孩再问上帝说：“那你能给我一百万元吗？”上帝回答说：“当然可以，只要你给我一分钟。”

凡事皆不可举手可得的，需付出时间及代价。

成功不可一蹴而就，要努力拼搏。拼搏就是成功的代价。

羊的结局

羊要到山顶去吃草，它往山上爬，爬呀爬呀，羊累了。羊说：“我不怕累，山有多高我爬多高！”羊又爬呀爬呀，羊很累了，羊说：“我不怕累，山有多高我爬多高！”羊接着爬呀爬呀，羊非常累了，羊说：“我不怕累，山有多高我爬多高！”

羊终其一生来爬这座山，它一心只想着山顶芳美的鲜草，却忽略了在途中，也有一片片鲜草路过，而它视而不见。

当羊终于爬上了山顶，它看到了它的归宿：山顶，原来并没有草。

机会是要及时把握的，适当调整你的目标有时会更有效。

拼搏是必要的，但是一旦你所追求的对象是一个尚未明确依然模糊的目标，在拼搏的过程中，就要留心路上的机会，有的机会一旦错过就不会有可能回头了，如果可以，不妨抓住机会，会有意想不到的收获，那也是种成功。

不要做辛苦爬到了山顶才发现没有草的山羊。

The desire for good health is universal. In our competitive society it is important to maintain good health.

On the one hand, people with good health can do work with full confidence and their progress in work in turn contributes to their health and happiness.

On the other hand, a sick person is usually not interested in everything around him and therefore he loses many opportunities to become successful.

There are many ways to keep it. First, those who are always on the go from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress will affect their health. Second, enough time should be left for sleep because that will help one become rested and refreshed.

Finally, regular physical exercises benefit one‘s health a lot. So one should always keep in mind that a certain amount of exercise is not a waste of time.As for me, I like playing tennis in the morning. I also attach much

The end of the year, on New Years eve is the reunion night, every

household is decorated, celebrate the end of a year of peace, a good start in

the New Year.

On New Years eve, every family is busy to stick couplets on the Spring

Festival, our family is no exception, and each year couplet still stick by me at

home.Actually this stick couplet learning also pretty big, when you last as long

as a look at this couplet you will know the family in the New Years hope and

plan, also know that in the past year what has happened to the family home

wedding, you look at the couplet is not god.

On this day the most happy or children, they cried to early adult years,

because after taking the year can fireworks.Fireworks, several children beside,

hopping, forget about the overjoyed when, even adults were infected with the

following.After the fireworks family around the table to eat the family reunion

dinner, the most interesting is to eat dumplings, and it can eat dumplings eat

money, who eat money the luck in the New Year will be the best, so everyone

scrambled to eat, who also rob to that rich of dumplings, but whether to eat or

not to eat, the atmosphere of rob to eat the dumpling is the most

unforgettable...

On New Years eve is the most unforgettable night!

The Spring Festival is our Chinese nation from ancient to modern times, the

most cautious Chinese traditional festival, during the Spring Festival time,

always waiting for the one family reunion together, talking about the years

harvest, for the New Year filled the bright vision. The children enjoy the

tightened and joyful holidays.

Watch the Spring Festival is coming, this years mother had said but

antithetical couplet, let me down, a few family, it is not a "project" ah, ha

ha. Two days before the Spring Festival, I began to get busy, small

"calligrapher" to start the project, through my huihaopomo, less than half of

the martial arts, home with the red antithetical couplet, "by mountains and

rivers show signs, ushered in the" spring "; drop thousands of monforts million

flowers, Huan, script the script, a piece of art was born, watching the house

full of Spring Festival couplets, mom repeatedly praise not shut up.

Thirty in the morning, I and mom posted antithetical couplet window

Ronaldo, look at my work on the door, red, a new sub population; we took the

mother to the hometown of antithetical couplet posted on my hung Wen, see the

two father, repeatedly said good, a grandfather of the past grace. At that time

I grandfather calligraphy is quite a New Year couplets, all relatives, the house

is filled with grandpa wrote. The subsequent to the lady home, home to the lady

on the wall, see my work has been useless, I really felt flattered.

This year the Spring Festival, two aunt aunt, our three family members

accompany lady together; of the Spring Festival last year, we raised the glass,

not a firecracker loud, not a fireworks shine, but in the beautiful blessing of

new years day, the night is so calm and peaceful. 20---- I had a special spring

festival.

a.体育运动的好处

b. 体育运动可能带来的副作用

c. 我参加体育活动的体会

Sports do us good in many respects (TS). It goes without saying that taking exercises can build up our physical strength. In collective sports like basketball, volleyball, or football, we will learn the importance of cooperation. While taking part in sports game, we will try our best to win and arouse ourselves the competitive spirit. Sports can also help us relax after a period of exhausting work. However, as the saying goes, "there are two sides to everything", and sports is without exception. We may hurt other players or ourselves if we are not careful enough when participating in sports activities. Whats more, excessive or severe training can do harm to our health.

My participation in sports tells me that sports can make us healthy both physically and psychologically. It is also a good way for people to know each other and can promote friendship between people. So long as we are carefully enough, sports can do us nothing but good.

[中考英语的作文——体育运动的好处和坏处

Since its rise, the Internet has been playing a more and more important

role in our daily life. It brings tremendous convenience and efficiency to our

lives. Online shopping is also a new rising thing brought by the Internet. Since

its increasing developing speed, some people think that online shopping will

replace traditional shopping. However, as far as I am concerned, it wont happen

in a short time.

Although online shopping is really very convenient, there are still some

strong points of traditional shopping which cannot be replaced by online

shopping. Firstly, online shopping lacks the intuitional impression of goods.

Sometimes the photos offered by the sellers are beautified with softwares, and

you will be disappointed to find the actual item is far from your expectation.

Secondly, returning goods in online shopping is quite troublesome, and sometimes

you only can achieve your goal at the cost of the payment of the postage by

yourself. Finally, there are too many fake products and cheats in online

shopping, and the quality of goods cannot be guaranteed as those in traditional

shops.

According to the points above, online shopping still needs some

improvements to totally replace the functions of traditional shopping. However,

the potential of online business is so huge that it will certainly take a great

share in the trade market.

1.偏题离题，背离主旨。

2.立意肤浅，选材陈旧。

3.拙于构思，叙事虚假。

4、表达平淡，毫无文采。

5、卷面潦草，不合规范。

这些“不应成为问题的问题”在阅卷中却普遍存在。

面对这些问题，解决它的策略是：

一、仔细审题 审明题意

审题一定要做到准确、全面，不偏不漏、不折不扣。首先明确提示中题眼是什么、关键词的含义、命题者基本意图。然后认真解析要求中的每一句话，每一个词，构思成熟后，最后再下笔。

二、立意要深 选材要新

立意要避浅俗、出新意、求深刻。选材要真实、新颖。这里着重强调的是真实，选择材料要真实、可信，写真人、叙真事、抒真情。另外如果写成记叙文叙述要具体、不空泛;如果写成议论文议论事理要结合。需要强调的是，中考作文坚决反对抄袭他人作品;反对简单模仿;反对宿构文章。

三、构思精巧 注重文采

构思是指文章思路，常言说：“车行有道路，文行有思路”，文章没思路等于车离轨而行，虽然可以前行，但随时有翻车的危险。“历览考文成与败，唯有思路才是真”，如果打不开文思，书读得再多也用不上，文章再多写也不能很好表达。尤其是话题作文，给了同学们更大的更宽的思维空间，文思将起很大的作用。注重文采是指用词贴切，句式灵活，善用对偶、排比、反问、设问等修辞手法，来提高文句的表现力。

四、卷面清爽 规范洁净

考场作文不同于平时作文，考试成绩必须通过卷面上体现。阅卷老师平均几十秒甚至十几秒阅读一份卷子，所以，卷面书写是影响得分的重要因素。往往有些内容表达不错的文章受卷面影响而容易打低分。具体体现在：字体不工整，标点不正确，修正不得法。卷面一定要清爽、规范、洁净。

中考满分作文：晒出我的梦想

时常有人问我，你的梦想是什么?今天我就晒出来与大家共享。

我的第一个梦想：考上理想的学校。

不要说我自私，从某种意义上讲，人都有点儿“自私”。我的短期目标就是考上我心仪已久的一中。平时，就是课间那比金子还难得的一点儿闲暇，我也常常闭上眼睛，想象自己在一中如画的校园里，度过我快乐而温馨的学生时代，这将为我考上理想的大学搭设一个很好的台阶。

我的第二个梦想：找一份儿好的工作。

大学毕业后的我步入社会，肩上的责任感倏地加重了。首先要照顾好我的家人，所以我需要一份儿好工作，让我有能力去做一个负责的好女儿、好姐姐。当然，这些工作必须是我喜爱的，能让我的人生过得更充实、更潇洒。

我的第三个梦想：买车买房给爸妈，让他们幸福。

每次逛街，妈妈常眯着眼睛，出神地看着路边那一幢幢漂亮的楼房，我知道，她真的很想尝尝住楼房的滋味儿;每次挤公共汽车，爸爸气喘吁吁，玩笑似地说：“要是自己有车就好喽!”但我很清楚，爸妈为了我们姐弟三人一直忙忙碌碌，我们姐弟三人使他们的梦想也只能是梦想。尽管他们从无怨言，但我要凭自己的努力给他们一个幸福愉快的晚年。

我的第四个梦想：我的村庄变成小康村。

村里人一年到头鼓捣那几亩地，很少有人出去闯一闯。所以，邻村都富起来了，我们村却依旧“光荣”。我要在不远的将来让自己有这样的实力，在村边建起自己的工厂，让我的村庄摇身变成金凤凰;我要让村里所有的人都飞到山外的大海上去搏击风浪。

我的最后一个梦想：我们的祖国成为世界第一强国。

我知道我的梦想还仅仅是“梦想”，但我会用自己的双手和大脑，去填充我梦想圆内的每一平方毫米的空间。

中考满分作文：小东西与大温暖

亲爱的“阿暖”，你还好吗

尤物虽小，却比天高。现实生活中，很多时候，有些看似平凡、极其普通的小东西，却能给我们带来温情和幸福。

很小的时候，爸爸妈妈外出打工，我成了个不折不扣的“留守儿童”。迫于无奈，我只好跟着姑妈一起生活。看着和我一般大的孩子每天都能在爸爸妈妈的身边快乐的玩耍、撒娇，我的心里就特别的难受。我不明白：同样的年龄，别人能享受的温暖和幸福，我为什么就不能呢?虽然每天我都特别地想念他们，可是他们始终没回来陪伴过我。按他们的话说，是为了挣钱养活我、培养我，使我今后生活得更幸福。话是说得好听，久而久之，我也信了他们，虽然我从来没责怪、也没怨恨过他们，但是总有一种不幸福、不快乐的感觉。

上了小学，星期天在家里，我除了看书和作业以外，没有一个人陪我说话和玩耍，总感觉到孤独和寂寞。每当这时，我只能让一个不会说话的“小伙伴”来陪伴我——那是爸爸妈妈在我刚出生时给我买的一个小洋娃。它就像我的妈妈，我每天都抱着它睡觉。也许他们当年外出打工时，心里曾经闪过一丝愧疚的念头，所以才留给我这么一个唯一的小东西。唉，管他们当时怎么想的呢!反正我后来视它如亲人，因为我把对爸爸妈妈无尽的思念乃至怨恨全部寄托在了它的身上。

由于我是个留守孩子，性格自然比较孤僻，因此在学校我几乎没有什么朋友。同学们不理睬我，我也懒得与他们交往，校园里经常可以看到我独来独往的身影。因为成绩不好，我常受有些同学的欺负，甚至还遭到过老师的白眼……总之，我的生活中充满着太多的不如意。每当不开心的时候，我就会抱着小洋娃静静地坐着，或者对它自言自语一番，把我要说的话全部告诉它。因为只有这样，我心中的郁闷和烦恼才会慢慢消融，顷刻间，我的心情依旧会灿烂如花。有时候，当我一个人在家时，那种孤独简直令我感到莫名的恐怖。这时，只要我的小洋娃在身边，我就不会害怕。我只要把它抱在怀里，向它倾诉我的所有小心思，它就会乖乖地充当我的忠实听众。说着说着，我俩就会相拥着进入甜美的梦乡。

俗话说：日久生情。在与小洋娃相处的日子里，我忘却了所有的孤独和寂寞，心存的只有快乐和幸福。每当生活闲暇时，我就会帮它梳妆打扮，给它涂上口红，戴上发夹，穿上我心爱的花外衣。它那奇特的装扮总是令我忍俊不禁，它使我变成了一个很阳光的“开心果”。有时，我还会帮它洗澡，梳头发，它总是默默地配合着，异常地乖顺。进初中时，我要到学校住宿了，我依依不舍地给它取了一个好听的名字——“阿暖”。因为它曾经给我带来了一段幸福的时光，让我的内心充满了温暖……

如今，我渐渐地长大了，也变得成熟了，再不需要小洋娃的陪伴了，但是我依旧留恋着它。虽然我每次回家时，看到小洋娃独自待在我小时候睡过的床头，孤单而憔悴，似乎没有以前漂亮了，但它在我心目中的地位没有丝毫的改变，它还是那个可以给我带来快乐、带来幸福、带来温暖的小阿暖。

进入初三后，我更少回家了，但我仍时时想起那个陪伴着我走过充满苦涩而又甜蜜童年的小伙伴。

哦，亲爱的“阿暖”，你还好吗?

As the development of the society, people want to conquer the environment,

they use the high technology to change the environment, when people are

satisfied with what they did to the nature, the nature is starting to teach

human being a lesson. In the movie The Day After Tomorrow, people were in the

great disaster that caused by the greenhouse effect, it just like the end of the

world, there was no way for people to avoid such great disaster. The movie

reminds people of the result they did harm to the environment, it will revenge

people, people have to face the disaster. It is very important to protect the

environment, people should get along with the environment.

Dragon Boat Festival,often known as Tuen Ng Festival or Duan Wu Festival,is

a traditional Chinese festival held on the fifth day of the fifth month of the

Chinese calendar.Dragon Boat festival memorializes the Chinese poet Qu Yuan.He

committed suicide by drowning himself in a river because he was disgusted by the

corruption of the Chu government.People sat on dragon boats,and tried to scare

the fishes away by the thundering sound of drums.Hence,toady we sail the dragon

boats to celebrate this festival.Also,people eat zongzi (the food originally

intended to feed the fishes) in memory of Qus dramatic death.

Stepping into the new century, environment pollution has become more

serious than ever since. There are different kinds of pollution. Such as, water

pollution, air pollution and noise pollution and so on. It seems that we live on

a planet which is full of pollution. Where all these pollution comes from? To a

large extend, the environmental destruction is the heavy price that we pay for

the rapid development of economy and the growing population. In order to have

more fuel, people cut down trees and dig more corals. But the growing needs for

energy are hardly to meet. Countless private cars on the street, the gas

stations are short of gasoline, even the government has raise the price so many

times in order to control the needs of gasoline, but it’s still not working.

Overusing the natural resources has already affected the ecological balance.

However, the factories still release the toxic air into the sky and the polluted

water into the rivers. People still lack of the conscious of protecting the

environment. I think it’s time for all of us to do something.

The government should put forward some more strict laws to prevent the

environment from being further polluted. And they should let people know more

about the importance of environment protection. And we should find the balance

between the economic growth and environmental protection. Plant more trees in

the deserts and stop cutting down the forest. Forbid the factories to pour the

waste water into the rivers directly. Encourage people to use public

transportations to work. Both government and ordinary people should join hands

together to make our home clean and fresh again. Only in this way, our earth

could be a better place to live in.

心中有光，雾霾终将散去!——题记

疫情肆虐，夺走无数鲜活的生命，黯淡了本应和煦的春光。

不安，无助，恐惧，担忧……好似洪水般泛滥在每一个人的心头。在这个灰暗的日子，人们渴望着那束光的到来。光在哪儿呢?

光，也许是从不起眼的角落中萌发的花朵，也许是从小小的坑洞里迸溅出的生命之泉……

医生是光，护士是光。

武昌医院院长刘智明，病倒在战役的最前线!他曾三天三夜不眠不休，协调完成收治500个确诊病人，即使自己确诊住院，仍不停打电话，回消息。同事劝他休息，他却说“我是院长，我丢不下!”看到这儿，我不禁泪目，我的脑海里回荡着那句话：“哪有什么岁月安好，只不过是有人替你负重前行罢了”。

隔离房外，透过摄像机，我看见一双终日被消毒液，滑石粉，酒精浸泡，被腐蚀得不堪入目的双手。原本洁净无瑕的脸庞，勒出道道猩红的印记。她，就是湖南籍护士胡佩。在面对亲友的关心时，她微笑着摆摆手，表示自己没事。还说“我随时准备被隔离!”

我们悠闲宅家，却嫌生活无聊。殊不知，多少个日日夜夜，有多少告别亲人的医护人员，知重负重，勇毅前行，勇斗病魔。他们就是这些光的缔造者!我情不自禁地向他们说：“你们辛苦了!你们就是疫情下那缕最亮的光!”

超市送货员是光，居委会大妈是光。

武汉封城，小区管制，城市像被疫情按下暂停键，但我们的生活却依然如此安定，供应充足。超市送货员刘大爷用他布满皱纹的双手，源源不断地送来各种生活日用品，当我们感激道：“这真是雪中送炭啊!辛苦你啦”!他总是说：“不苦!不苦!小区人民是一家”!居委会大妈，她比往日起得更早。戴口罩，伴晨光，奔走于家家户户，登记外来人员，宣传防疫知识……当记者问她累不累时，她说：“不累!不累!这是我应该做的!”边说边露出微笑。她笑得是那么腼腆，面泛微微红光!我想，这就是__年最美的笑容!

他们，为了维持大家正常的生活，默默工作，无私奉献，这不正是疫情黑暗下那缕最亮的光吗!其实我们也是光，尽量不外出，不添乱。宅家上课，网上抗疫。这不也在为抗役做贡献吗?

如果说带领我们顽强抗疫的党中央是光源，那么钟南山院士和他背后的科学家，还有每一个支援武汉的人，每一个安心呆在家的人，每一个为城市坚持奋战的人……就是组成光的光子流。我们虽然身份不同，年龄不同，职业不同……但是我们的笑容是出奇的相同：一样的温暖，一样的坚定，如光一般的灿烂。

春已来，待到黎明破晓，山川无恙，人间皆安时，你我携手，共赏春光万丈!

Before I went to middle school, I lived with my grandparents. At that time,

I stayed in the country, which was the most beautiful place for me. Early in the

morning, I walked along the country road, appreciating the fresh air. We raised

a little dog. He was my best friend, and he accompanied me all the time. No

matter what I did and where I went, the little dog was with me and I loved him

so much. Sometimes I would pick up the fruit in the garden, sometimes I would

catch the fish in the clear river. It was such a happy childhood for me that I

will never forget.

Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every human beings heart the lure of

wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of whats next and the joy of the game

of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station:

so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from

men and from the infinite, so long are you young.

An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first,

narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and

over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters

flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged

in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.

Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the

appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of

sixty more than a boy of twenty. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years.

We grow old by deserting our ideals.

Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.

Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.

The usage of Internet becomes one of the most controversial topics in the

society. As a college student, I believe Internet is beneficial to me more than

the way it harms me. There are many advantages for using Internet.

First, I can best use my time to find information online instead of going

to different libraries. Also, the information can be dated back in decades ago.

It is very helpful to use those information as reference and historical proof.

In the library, it is hard to find so much "old" information. Another advantage

to use Internet is that I can stay home and have a lecture online. It is much

more convenience to me because I can stay warm to have class in the winter time

instead of spending two hours on the bus and physically attend class. In

addition, Internet provides me a better way to communicate with my friends and

professors. I can get response from my professor in a few minutes instead of

waiting outside of his door for hours. Some of my friends are living in a

foreign countries, I can simply just drop him an email whenever I can and get a

message from him very quick. It is much better than waiting for letters. Also,

the email will not lose while the letter might be losing in the process of

delivery.

However, there are also disadvantage of using Internet. For example, I

might spend too much time on the Internet to concentrate on my study. Also,

there is a chance that I am cheated because of the Internet purchasing. Last,

Internet has lots of information, both helpful and harmful. There might be too

much tempatation that I will access some of the harmful information I can on the

Internet.

Even though the usage of Internet has both positive and negative effect to

me, I still consider Internet is a symbol of technology development. I believe I

can use the Internet very well as long as I know how to control myself.

中考英语作文范文 我梦想的工作my dream job

Since i was an innocent child, i had the idea to be a doctor in the future. I always see the people died in the TV, i feels

frustrated about it. therefore, a dream to be a doctor came into my mind. I want to be the person who can save people＇s life just like God Jesus

导语：微信可以说开启了给人与人之间的新时代，二维码扫描，视屏沟通，语音交流，微信上爆料，微信上公布最新的政策，最准的路况。这些方面可以说极大的方便了人们的生活。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Wechat is a new app that almost all the people use on their phone. you can video chat when every you want and its for free. also you can talk through that app. its very convience. You can sreach for people who live around you who are using the same app. but at the same time, people are addict to it. they can not live without it. and people are having less and less conversation face to face. even worse, some people got tricked in this app, and lost lots of money. so this app can be good or bad, depend which way you using it.

【参考译文】

微信是一个新的应用程序，几乎所有的人都使用他们的电话。你可以视频聊天时，你想要的，这是免费的。也可以通过该应用程序交谈。这是很方便的。你可以搜索生活在你身边的人谁使用相同的应用程序。但同时，人们也沉溺于此。他们不能没有它。人们面对面的交谈越来越少。更糟糕的是，有些人被骗了这个应用程序，并失去了很多钱。所以这个应用程序可以是好是坏，取决于你使用它的方式。

As a Senior Grade Three students, I am very busy in preparing for the

college entrance examination. I have seven classes a day, and two self-study

classes at night. And only a day left for the weekend. So, most of the time I

have to spend on the study, after all the college entrance examination is very

important for almost all of us. Aside of study, I would play football with my

friends after school and the weekend. I like playing football very much. When I

run on the football field, I can put the examination thing off my mind for a

while, only sweat and laugh left. It is a good exercise for health and a good

way to relax from the busy study too. This is my high school life, busy and

fulfilling.

发言稿要注意以下三点：

1、发言的地点

2、发言的对象

3、发言的内容。

请看例文：

在一次英语班会上，老师请同学们以“Proud of My School”为主题发言。请根据下面所给的提示写一篇发言稿。字数要求在80～100词之间。文中不得出现真实的人名、地名。

提示：

①What does your school look like?

②What fun do you have at school?

③Why do you like your school?

Proud of My School

My school is very big with several tall buildings. There are 2，000 students in my school. We have a big playground with lots of trees around it. There are a lot of flowers everywhere.

We have lots of fun at school. After class we play games and do lots of sports, like a big family. The teachers in my school are as kind to us as our parents. I feel proud of my school because it is one of the best schools in my heart.

I want to grow up as soon as possible. When I grow up, I can do many things

that I can’t now. However, at the same time, I am afraid. I don’t know what my

future life would be. Look around myself, some people are busy working for

having enough food to eat and live better; some are achieving every goal that

they make; some may live in the poor situation. I don’t know what kind of life I

would have in the future. But I know that everyone’s life is in their hands. So

I will try my best to work hard for a better future life.

一、常见借代词语：

1、桑梓：家乡

2、桃李：学生

3、社稷、轩辕：国家

4、南冠：囚犯

5、同窗：同学

6、烽烟：战争

7、巾帼：妇女

8、丝竹：音乐

9、须眉：男子

10、婵娟、嫦娥：月亮

11、手足：兄弟

12、汗青：史册

13、伉俪：夫妻

14、白丁、布衣：百姓

15、伛偻，黄发：老人

16、桑麻：农事

17、提携，垂髫：小孩

18、三尺：法律

19、膝下：父母

20、华盖：运气

21、函、简、笺、鸿雁、札：书信

22、庙堂：朝廷

二、作者作品：

1、唐宋八大家：韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩

2、并称“韩柳”的是韩愈和柳宗元，他们是唐朝古文运动的倡导者。

3、一门父子三词客：苏洵(老苏)、苏轼(大苏)、苏辙(小苏)。

4、豪放派词人：苏轼、辛弃疾，并称“苏辛”; 婉约派词人：李清照(女词人)

5、李杜：李白、杜甫。小李杜：李商隐、杜牧。

6、屈原：我国最早的伟大诗人，他创造了“楚辞”这一新诗体，开创了我国诗歌浪漫主义风格。

7、孔子名丘，字仲尼，春秋时鲁国人，他是儒家学派的创始人，被称为“孔圣人”，孟子被称为“亚圣”，两人并称为“孔孟”。

8、苏轼称赞王维“诗中有画，画中有诗。”

9、杜甫是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，其诗广泛深刻的反映社会现实，被称为“诗史”，杜甫也因此被尊为“诗圣”，有著名的“三吏”：《潼关吏》、《石壕吏》、《新安吏》;“三别”：《新婚别》、《垂老别》、《无家别》。

10、我国第一部纪传体通史是《史记》(又称《太史公书》)，作者是汉朝的司马迁，鲁迅称《史记》为“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”，有：12本纪、30世家、70列传、10表、8书，共130篇。

11、“四史”：《史记》、《汉书》、《后汉书》、《三国志》。

12、元曲四大家：关汉卿、郑光祖、白朴、马致远。

13、《聊斋志异》是我国第一部优秀文言短篇小说集，作者是清代著名小说家蒲松龄。“聊斋”是他的书屋名，“志”是记叙，“异”是奇怪的事情。

14、书法四大家：颜真卿、柳公权、欧阳询、赵孟(fǔ)

15、战国时期百家争鸣主要流派及代表：

儒家：孔子 孟子

法家：韩非子

道家：庄子、列子

墨家：墨子

16、南宋四大家：陆游、杨万里、范成大、尤袤

17、边塞诗人：高适、岑参、王昌龄

18、唐宗：唐太宗李世民 宋祖：宋太祖赵匡胤 秦皇：秦始皇嬴政 汉武：汉武帝刘彻

19、我国第一位田园诗人是东晋的陶渊明(陶潜)，他“不为五斗米折腰”。

20、世界文学作品中四大吝啬鬼：葛朗台、夏洛克、泼溜希金、阿巴贡。

21、中国吝啬鬼的典型：严监生。

三、中国文学之最：

最早的诗歌总集是《诗经》;

最早的爱国诗人是屈原;

最早的田园诗人是东晋的陶渊明;

最早的也是最杰出的边塞诗人是盛唐的高适和岑参;

古代最杰出的豪放派词人是北宋的苏轼;

古代最杰出的女词人是南宋的李清照;

古代最著名的爱国词人是南宋的辛弃疾;

古代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人是唐代的李白;

古代最伟大的现实主义诗人是唐代的杜甫;

古代写诗最多的爱国诗人是南宋的陆游;

古代最著名的长篇神话小说是明代吴承恩的《西游记》;

古代最著名的长篇历史小说是明初罗贯中的《三国演义》;

古代最早写农民起义的长篇小说是元末明初施耐庵的《水浒传》;

古代最伟大的现实主义长篇小说是清代曹雪芹的《红楼梦》;

古代最杰出的长篇讽刺小说是清代吴敬梓的《儒林外史》;

古代最杰出的文言短篇小说集是清代蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》;

古代最早的语录体散文是《论语》;

古代最早的记事详备的编年体史书是《左传》;

古代最早的纪传体通史是《史记》;

古代最杰出的铭文是唐代刘禹锡的《陋室铭》;

现代最伟大的文学家是鲁迅;

现代最杰出的长篇小说是茅盾的《子夜》;

现代最有影响的短篇小说集是鲁迅的《呐喊》。

四、文化常识：

1、初唐四杰：王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王。

2、三国：魏、蜀、吴。

3、“四大古典名著”：《红楼梦》、《三国演义》、《水浒》、《西游记》。

4、“四大民间传说”：《牛郎织女》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《孟姜女》、《白蛇传》。

5、世界四大短篇小说巨匠：契诃夫、莫泊桑、马克·吐温、欧·亨利。

6、苏轼的散文代表北宋散文的最高成就，其诗与黄庭坚并称“苏黄”。

7、马致远的散曲代表作《天净沙·秋思》，被誉为“秋思之祖”。

8、曹雪芹“披阅十载，增删五次”创作了我国古典小说中最伟大的现实主义作品《红楼梦》(又称《石头记》)，它问世后就广为流传，深受人们喜爱，还出现了专门研究该书的一门学问——“红学”，“红学”现已成为世界文学研究中的重要课题。

9、鲁迅是中国现代文学的奠基人，陈毅被称为“元帅诗人”;

臧克家因诗作多为农村题材，有“泥土诗人”之称;

田间被闻一多誉为“时代的鼓手”(擂鼓诗人)。

10、岁寒三友：松、竹、梅。

11、花中四君子：梅、兰、竹、菊。

12、文人四友：琴、棋、书、画。

13、文房四宝：笔、墨、纸、砚。

14、四库全书：经、史、子、集。

15、《诗经》“六义”指：风、雅、颂(分类)、赋、比、兴(表现手法)。

16、唐诗、宋词、元曲、明清小说。

17、桂冠、鳌头、榜首、问鼎、夺魁：第一。

18、三纲五常：“三纲”：父为子纲、君为臣纲、夫为妻纲;“五常”：仁、义、礼、智、信。

19、“四书”“五经”是儒家的主要经典：“四书”即《论语》《孟子》《中庸》《大学》;“五经”指《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》。

20、三皇：天皇、地皇、人皇或伏羲、女娲、神农;

五帝：黄帝、颛顼、帝喾、唐尧、虞舜。

21、五金：金、银、铜、铁、锡。

22、五味：酸、甜、苦、辣、咸。

23、五行：金、木、水、火、土。

24、“永字八法”是说“永”字具有：点、横、竖、撇、捺、折、钩、提八种笔画。

25、古代的学校有庠、序、太学等名称，明清时最高学府为国子监。

26、三教九流：“三教”：儒教、佛教、道教;“九流”：儒家、道家、阴阳家、法家、名家、墨家、纵横家、杂家、农家。

27、古代科举考试(从隋代至明清)：

A 童生试，也叫“童试”，应试者不分年龄大小都称童生，合格后取得生员(秀才、相公)资格，这样才能参加科举考试。

B 乡试，明清两代每三年在各省省城举行的一次考试，由秀才参加，考取的叫举人，第一名叫解(jiè)员。

C 会试，明清两代每三年在京城举行的一次考试，各省的举人及国子监监生皆可应考，录取三百名为贡士，第一名叫会元。

D 殿试，是科举制最高级别的考试，皇帝在殿廷上，对会试录取的贡士亲自策问，以定甲第。录取分三甲：一甲三名，赐“进士及第”的称号，第一名称状元(鼎元)，第二名称榜眼，第三名称探花，合称“三甲鼎”;二甲若干名，赐“进士出身”的称号;三甲若干名，赐“同进士出身”的称号。

附：(表格)

级别

(童试)院试 正式科举考试

乡试

会试 殿试

时间 每年一次

三年一次(秋) 三年一次(春)

会试后同年4月

地点 府(州)县

省城

礼部(京城) 宫殿

应试者 儒生、童生

秀才 举人

贡士 获取功名

秀才 (举人)第一名为解元

(贡士)第一名为会元 (进士)前三名为：

状元、榜眼、探花 正式的科举考试分类：乡试、会试、殿试三级。

连登三甲(三元及第)：解元——会元——状元古代科举考试。

五、诗句与人：

三顾频频天下计，两朝开济老臣心。——诸葛亮

出师未捷身先死，长使英雄泪满襟。——诸葛亮

出师一表真名世，千载谁堪伯仲间。——诸葛亮

已知天下三分鼎，犹竭人谋就出师。——诸葛亮

刚正不阿,留得正气冲霄汉;幽愁发愤，著成信史照尘寰。——司马迁

酌酒花间磨针石上，倚剑天外挂弓扶桑。——李白

千古诗才，蓬莱文章建安骨;一身傲骨，青莲居士谪仙人。——李白

翁去八百年，醉乡犹在;山行六七里，亭影不孤。——欧阳修

铁板铜琶继东坡高唱大江东去，美芹悲黍冀南宋莫随鸿雁南飞。——辛弃疾

世上苍痍，诗中圣哲;人间疾苦，笔底波澜。——杜甫

犹留正气参天地，永剩丹心照古今。——文天祥

深思高举洁白清忠，汩罗江上万古悲风。——屈原

四面湖山归眼底，万家忧乐在心头。——范仲淹

大河百代，众浪齐奔淘尽万古英雄汉;词苑千载，群芳竞秀盛开一枝女儿花。——李清照

译著尚未成书，惊闻陨星，中国何人领呐喊?先生已经作古，痛忆旧雨，文坛从此感彷徨。——鲁迅

毛泽东称朱自清：“不为五斗米而折腰的人。”

列宁赞高尔基：“无产阶级艺术的最杰出的代表。”

芭蕾舞的化身：乌兰诺娃。

关汉卿被称为：“东方的莎士比亚”。

六、一句话评书：

①《三国演义》：文不甚深，言不甚俗。

②《红楼梦》：字字看来皆是血，十年辛苦不寻常。(曹雪芹语)

③《梦溪笔谈》：中国科技史上的坐标。(英·李约瑟)

④龙争虎斗：《三国演义》

⑤帝王的镜子：《资治通鉴》

⑥隽永的说辞：《战国策》

⑦不朽的战争艺术：《孙子兵法》

⑧旧时代的葬歌：《骆驼祥子》

七、人的称谓：

(一) 称字：幼时命名由父亲长辈命名，成年(男20，女15)取字沈德鸿字雁冰，鲁迅字豫才。

(二) 称号：一般只用于自称，以显示某种志趣或抒发某种情感，年龄不限，如李白号青莲居士，白居易号香山居士，李清照号易安居士。

(三) 称谥号：古代王侯将相、高级官吏、著名文士等死后被追加的称号，如范仲淹称文正，欧阳修称文忠。

(四) 称籍贯：以人的出身地命名，如孟浩然称孟襄阳，柳宗元又称柳河东。

(五) 称官名：以人的官名来命名，如杜甫称杜工部。

(六) 称官地：以人做官的地方来命名。如岑参：岑嘉州 柳宗元称柳柳州

(七)古代帝王对贵族功臣的封赐爵号(位)：公、侯、伯、子、男(五等

八、谦称：

1、 自称：愚、敝、卑、臣、仆

2、 帝王自称：孤、寡、朕

3、 古代官吏自称：下官、末官、小吏

4、 读书人自称：小生、晚生、晚学、不才、不肖

5、 古人称自己一方的亲属朋友用家或舍：如家父、家母、家兄、舍弟、舍妹、舍侄

6、 其他自谦词：

尊长者自称：在上

晚辈自称：在下

老人自称：老朽、老夫

女子自谦：妾