中考英语大常见错误解析经典20篇

My name is Joe.I come from England.I live in a very big house with my parents.Now let me show you my house.

我的名字是乔。我来自英国。我和我的父母住在一个大房子。现在让我告诉你我的房子。

This is the living room.I like to sit on the couch to watch TV.There are two bedrooms.One is for my parents;another is for me.My bedroom is not very big but comfortable.I like the kitchen very much，because my parents always cook delicious food for me in the kitchen.The refrigerator is in it.My father and mother put vegetables and meat in the refrigerator.Our bathroom is very beautiful.I take a shower everyday in it.I love my house.

这是起居室。我喜欢坐在沙发上看电视。有两间卧室。一个是我的父母;另一个是我。我的卧室不是很大但很舒适。我很喜欢厨房，因为我的父母总是煮好吃的食物给我在厨房的冰箱。是的。我的父亲和母亲把蔬菜和肉放在冰箱里。我们的浴室很漂亮。我每天都在它洗个澡。我爱我的家。

I always care so much about the food I eat, because my stomach is a little

week, so I can’t eat the junk food all the time. The healthy food makes me keep

fit so I eat it. Vegetable is very important, we should eat it every meal. The

fruit contains a lot of vitamins, it is in need. The fish is best for me.

Nowadays, more and more people realize the harm of smoking and the damage

it bring to the people around us. Considered the health of people themseves and

the one they care, many smokers try their best to give up smoking. When quiting

smoking, I have some suggestions. First of all, people should have strong will

on giving up smoking. Personal determination is the most important factor. When

feeling eager to smoke, people should think about the damage of smoking and the

people they love. And then they can strengthen their will not to smoke.

Secondly, sweep away all the cigarette around. They can’t find any cigarette

when they want to smoke. And then after a while, their wants for smoke will

reduce gradually. Last but not least, prepare some candies in the pocket, when

people want to smoke, eat candies instead. Hope every smoker succeed in the

end.

有人在球场上奔跑;有人在书桌前奋笔疾书;有人在花园中挥洒汗水。而我生命中最难忘的阶段正是现在--追逐梦想，奋斗正当时。

时节下已是初三，全北京市所有初三学子都在奋力备战大家必经之路--中考。看着一个个原本生龙活虎玩个不停的小伙伴们渐渐进入了状态，我不禁也着急起来，学期初的我暗暗下定决心，为了理想，奋斗正当时。

我常在下午的时候坐在教室中独自做着数学题，双目紧盯题目，不放弃一丝一毫的字符，不漏过一点一滴的思路，仿佛那曾经生硬的字符都“活”了起来。笔落在写满过程的纸上，发出刷刷刷的好听声音，每落之处便又新添一笔，像是描绘着我奋斗的痕迹，又像是填满这初三的空白页面。遥远的操场上传来阵阵欢笑声，似是要引诱你出去看一看，可又似乎是在考验你的毅力，并告诉你：为了梦想，请奋斗吧。不知不觉中，卷子上已有了密密麻麻的小字，原本苍白无力的自己被加上了苍劲有力的黑像个荣归故乡的战士，身上刻满了荣耀，而这荣耀，也正是属于我的。抬头看看身边并肩作战的同学，就会发现他们了也正和你一样努力着，他们也在他们的世界中奋斗着，他们和你一样，镌刻着这故事：奋斗正当时。

我的奋斗自然让我的学识更加丰富重要。但体育也同样重要。于是又有了正面这样的场景。

夕阳的余晖庸懒地洒在每个人身上，将傍晚渲染上了一层好看的颜色，给学校的外围加上了一层层金色的大罩。我的蚊子在缓缓且坸句地移动着，而影子的主人--我正健步如飞地跟着，看着一幢幢学校的建筑与我擦肩而过，我心中充满了的充实感。夜归的鸟从天际飞过，唱着疲惫却又欢快的歌，它们的歌声陪伴着奋斗的我，让我也有了同样的充实感。伴随着呼呼的喘气声，凉风贴心的拂过我的面颊，像是亲人一样怜惜地擦去我的汗滴，让我知道我并不是一个人在战斗。

我的奋斗不止以上这些，因为我明白，奋斗才刚刚开始，我明白：为了理想，奋斗正当时。

At present, there is a hot word in our life - "low carbon". For this new

friend, I have done a detailed understanding, the original, low carbon is to

reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Low carbon environmental protection, green

travel, in todays society, bike sharing is the top priority.

In 2017, shared bicycles have sprung up on the streets of Fuzhou with

colorful colors, including blue, orange and yellow Dressed up in the beautiful

streets of Fuzhou. It serves every citizen of Fuzhou and brings convenience to

us. Everyone is contributing to the environmental protection cause of Fuzhou.

This is the responsibility and obligation of Fuzhou citizens. I see the rapid

development of bike sharing. There are yellow cars, Moby bikes, and hello bikes

This aroused my curiosity, and I also wanted to experience it. Today, I took my

mothers mobile phone and couldnt wait to find a small yellow car. I turned on my

mobile phone, scanned the QR code of the bike sharing car, and input the

password. I only heard "didi" and the lock on the bike was opened. This

operation is really convenient. So my mom and I got on the bike sharing. We

enjoy the scenery on both sides of the road, talking and laughing all the way,

but also exercise. This is really a healthy and environmentally friendly way to

travel!

However, the good time is not long, bike sharing is facing unprecedented

disaster. Some are thrown into rivers, some are short of arms and legs, some are

locked in private Where are the qualities of these people? Is this the quality

that we Chinese should have? No, this is not the quality that we Chinese should

have! This small bike sharing is like a mirror, reflecting the quality of

Chinese people. The original intention of bike sharing is good, it can bring

convenience to the public, low-carbon environmental protection, green travel! I

hope you can maintain bike sharing together!

With the progress of society, peoples quality should be constantly

improved. Bike sharing is a good invention. Lets protect it together. Low carbon

and environmental protection. Starting from me, lets maintain a better tomorrow

with both hands. Lets make our sky bluer and our air cleaner!

曾有一则新闻说到，某一位中学生追星者，因为多度追星，做出了极端的举动，因为看不到自己喜欢的明星演唱会，感到极度郁闷，对生活失去希望，埋怨自己父母，试图自杀。看见，没有适度的喜欢，是多么令人恐惧。喜欢明星没有错，他可以是你的信仰，是你奋斗的动力，但过度的追求，过度的沉迷，就会酿成悲剧，如果适度的去喜欢，她或许不会做出如今的荒.唐之举。

喜欢，不一定要得到。命里有时终须有，命里无时莫强求，是你的就是你的，不是你的终究也会失去。《白兔与月亮》的故事恐怕大家都很熟悉了，白兔喜欢月亮，月亮的阴阳圆缺在白兔的眼里是那般的别有风味，后来，玉帝决定把月亮送给白兔，白兔因此发生了天翻地覆之变化，她担心月亮的阴晴圆缺，时常患得患失。最后，她断然把月亮还给玉帝。在喜欢之下，在拥有与放弃之间，毅然选择了放弃，选择了分享。

我们呢，因为喜欢看电视，喜欢玩游戏，周末时间就此荒废，作业置之不理，学业抛于脑后，没有适度待之，也因此与他人拉了一大距离，迷失方向。所以，喜欢之物未必要瞬间拥有，喜欢看电视，玩游戏也需适度，适度的娱乐可以助我们减压，调整情绪，过度则为沉迷，这会给我们带了伤害，甚至摧毁前程。

所以，适度待之则为喜爱最大拥有。

It is known to all that Christmas Day is on December 25th. It is the

biggest day in the western countries. But not so many people know about the

White Christmas in China. The day before Christmas Day, if it snows, then the

world is in white color. People are happy about that, because they think it

means the happiness and luck. So that’s the meaning of White Christmas. It

always snows a lot on Christmas Eve, because it is in winter in the western

countries. All the families get together and enjoy their moment while watching

the white snow. What an enjoyable atmosphere for a family.

This weekend, there was an art festival in our school, it had been hold for

five years and the school insisted to make it become the feature. I was so

excited, this was the first time for me to join. Early in the morning, I saw

there were so many people coming to the campus, making the campus so lively. The

students dressed so well and gave the warm welcome to the guests. I walked

around and appreciated the painting, every work was drawn by the students, I was

so impressed by these works. There were also some handworks, which were so

creative, it reflected the students’ wisdom. Though we were busy with our

subjects most of the time, some students still kept on their hobbies and made it

their talent. I should learn from them and develop some interest.

篇一：My Favorite Animal 我最喜欢的动物

Last year, my father bought a lovely pet for me. She has four white paws and a white and yellow tail. She has two small ears, two green eyes and eight whiskers on her face. Her name is Sally and she is one year old.

Do you know what it is? A cat? Yes, it is a cat. She has very short fur and she is quite small. She weighs about 2 kilograms. She is usually very friendly and quiet. We never frighten her or pull her tail or ears. She likes walking around me and playing with me.

If she is hungry, she will miaow. Usually, she eats food from a tin, but her favorite food is fish. She likes juice if it is not too cold. She likes to chase and catch mice and sometimes she plays with butterflies. Sally often plays with balls and pieces of string. She does not like dogs and she hates the rain. She likes sitting on the sofa and watching TV.

Sally is a very good friend, but she is quite lazy! She never worries because we take good care of her. She is always a happy cat.

去年，我爸爸给我买了一个可爱的宠物。她有四个白色的爪子和白色和黄色的尾巴。她有两只小耳朵，一双绿色的眼睛和八胡须的脸上。她的名字是萨利和她一岁。

你知道这是什么吗？一只猫？是的，它是一只猫。她有很短的皮毛，她是相当小。她重约2公斤。她通常是非常友好和安静。我们从不吓唬她或拉她的尾巴或耳朵。她喜欢走在我和我一起玩。

如果她饿了，她会喵。通常，她吃罐头食品，但她最喜欢的食物是鱼。她喜欢果汁如果不是太冷。她喜欢追逐和捕捉老鼠，有时她扮演的蝴蝶。萨莉经常用球和绳子打。她不喜欢狗，她讨厌下雨。她喜欢坐在沙发上看电视。

萨莉是一个很好的朋友，但她很懒惰！她从不担心，因为我们把她照顾得很好。她是一个快乐的猫。

篇二：My plan for College life 我的大学计划

Im extremely excited now ,In face of new envirenment of study and life ,I must make a good plan for it .我现在感到无比的兴奋，面对的学习和生活环境，我必须为此做个好的打算。

Study comes first so I should make new goal and improve my study method.Hard will I study in the college as I do now.It is also important to learn how to live by myself . I will join in various activities and try my best to manage the relationship with other classmates.学习是第一位的所以我要制定新的目标并改善我的学习方法。在大学里，我要像现在一样的努力学习。学会独立生活也同样重要，我要参加各种各样的活动，并尽我所能处理好和其他同学的关系。

No matter what I will meet in the future,happiness or sorrow,keep an optimistic attitud towards life and I believe that my college life will be colorfull as planned.不管我将在未来的日子里遇到什么，快乐或悲伤，对生活始终保持乐观的态度，我相信我的大学生活一定会像我想象的那样丰富多彩。

篇三：the second day of the summer holiday 暑假第二天

It was the second day of our summer holiday. I felt good. I felt I am free. I had a lot of time to do things I like. My parents are in Zhongshan. So I live alone but I don’t feel lonely. But I didn’t do something special. I stayed at home and watched TV. Oh! I wrote an Englishdaily composition. It was my homework. Today, I have slept for 14 hours.I thought I was very tired. It was time for dinner. I must go! I am very hungry.

这是我们第二天的暑假。我感觉很好。我觉得我很自由。我有很多时间做我喜欢。我的父母都在中山。所以，我独自生活，但我并不感到孤独。但是，我没有做什么特别。我住在家里看电视。噢!我写了英语日记组成。这是我的功课。今天，我睡了14 小时.我以为我很疲惫。现在是吃晚饭。我必须去!我非常饿。

篇四：Discrimination in Education 学历歧视

According to the picture, an employer turns down a job applicant, for his degree is less advanced than the other applicants, even though he has a good resume. Actually, what’s behind the cartoon is the tendency that employers focus on academic performance when hiring.

No one disputes that a college or higher degree opens doors. Despite that, as far as I’m concerned, academic degree should not be the primary criteria in selecting talents. First of all, academic degrees only represent the applicants’ proficiency in their school work, and cannot demonstrate their personality or other abilities. For instance, the responsibility of a human resources manager is to deal with people, and thus it requires advanced people skill which is by no means shown in the diploma. Second, emphasis on degrees may stall the development of the company. They will lose real talents if they judge people only by their educational background, while it is often the case that college drop-outs like Bill Gates, Michael Dell, Steve Jobs, etc., run wildly successful enterprises.

Therefore, instead of running after applicants with higher degrees, companies should become more concerned about what it takes to do the job and what a college education actually provides.

根据图片，雇主拒绝求职者，因为他的学历不比其他人高，即使他有一个好的简历。其实在漫画中展示的东西是，雇主当雇用员工时专注于学业成绩。

没有人质疑大学或更高学历能打开求职门。尽管如此，在我看来，学历不应是选择人才的首要标准。首先，学历只能代表申请人在学业方面的能力，并不能证明他们的个性或其他能力。例如，一个人力资源经理的职责是与人打交道，因此需要拥有先进技巧的人，但是这个不是在学历上可以证明的。第二，过于强调学历可能停滞公司的发展。如果他们认为人只有通过他们的教育背景来证明自己，他们就会失去真正的人才，而这是通常的情况下，大学辍学者，像比尔盖茨，迈克尔戴尔，史蒂夫·乔布斯等都非常成功的进行了创业。

因此，不是招聘高学历的应聘者，公司应更加关注职位需要什么人才和大学教育实际上提供了什么。

[关于中考的英语作文4篇

Since we were born as a little baby, we get help from others all the time.

Our parents raise us, our teachers teach us and our friends company us.

Therefore, it’s important for us to be grateful to those people who give us a

hand. Being grateful is a way to show them our appreciation and our love. No one

in the world is supposed to love us without any conditions. Moreover, Being

grateful to others and to what you get can lead you are ready to help others,

too. I think this is the most important impact on people that being grateful. If

we are all show our appreciation to others and then help others, we could build

a friendly and harmonious society.

Dear Manager

I got to know the message that the position of the salesman in your company is empty, which made me excited about it, for that, I want it for a long time.

Please let me tell the reasons why I am so excited. Its so famous that it is hardly unknown to everyone. As known, in your company, the products are in a good qualification and the sales service is satisfied, which made me believe that your company would be a perfect stage for me.

Of course, the requirements for this position are high, but I think I am good enough for it. In the last four years, I worked very hard on my study and had a good understanding of professional knowledge. Besides, I took every chance to practice. I attended several activities and took up an internship is an organization. As a result, I developed great practical skills. And, I get CET-6 certification and choose the sales lessons. I think they would be helpful to be your staff.

I am looking forward to your reply.

Today is the annual traditional festival in China, "Spring Festival". The morning sun was still in bed, I was like the sound of firecrackers to wake up. I get up and wash, this is my brother and sister have been wearing new clothes neat and I go to visit my grandparents and grandparents give us pay New Years call, each made a big red, I opened the door to stay, which contained a $100 bill, I like to eat honey, happy the flowers.

After eating dumplings, my mother said that I dont have to write my homework today. I can play a day with my brother and sister. I am very happy after I hear it.

The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. On this day, every family has to eat dumplings, set off firecrackers, put up couplets and hang lanterns, which is the happiest and happiest day of the year.

老师们、同学们：大家中午好!

今天，我们满怀着美好的憧憬，在这里隆重举行大保当初级中学20__年中考百日冲刺誓师大会。这足以证明学校抓质量的决心和对大家的殷切期盼。在此，我谨代表学校向前来参加会议的家长代表表示衷心的感谢，向废寝忘食、辛勤耕耘的全体毕业班老师表示崇高的敬意!向锐意进取、奋发苦读的同学们致以美好的祝愿!一百天，很短，在人的一生中，犹如沧海一粟，也不过弹指一挥间;一百天，又很长，对于有心人来说，它长得足够改变一个人的命运。如果把初中三年的学习生活比作一次万米长跑，那么你们现在已经冲过了最后一个弯道，距离终点仅有百米之遥。这一百米征程，最艰苦。刚才，老师们的表态、同学们的铮铮誓言，让我看到了师生们卧薪尝胆的毅力，破釜沉舟的勇气，奋力拼搏的斗志和誓创我校校今年中考新辉煌的坚定信心!我们大保当中学近几年的中考成绩逐步提高，赢得了社会各界的认可，家长、社会和各级领导对我们的期望也越来越高。今天的誓师大会，既是我们九年级全体师生中考前的一次精神展示，也是我们攻打20__年中考大战的战前总动员。借此机会，向你们提出五点希望和要求：

一、张开嘴问一问对手是谁，我是谁，知己知彼。全县3590名考生同台竞技，你的实力怎样。以普高招收一半算，1800名之后的学生将无缘上高中。英语数学模考虽然两科也可以参考出自己的位置。全县前五名为220.5、220、220、218.5、217;我们的前五牛楠、田静、任悦、方婷婷、张斌是204.5、204、203.5、197、195;名次为59、64、68、116、195.。记住：当你停下来喘气时别人还在奔跑。(猎狗与野兔，尽力而为与竭尽全力)

二、抬起眼看一看方向在哪儿，目标明晰。制订时从大到小，由远及近，实施时反过来。神中、四中、七中、职中由高到低给自己准确定位，然后制定详细可行的措施，把目标具体到每周每天每节课。并且时刻检查自己的目标达成情况，已达标的打个钩，没达标的想办法挤时间尽量完成，同学们一定要咬定目标不放松，不达目标不放手。在不断的设定目标完成目标的过程中提升自我，成就自我!

三、拍拍胸掂量一番自己信心足不足。拿破仑说过：“在我的词典里没有‘不可能’这三个字。这是强者的风范，是自信而不自负、自豪而不自大的气度。“行百里者半九十”。此时此刻，我们最重要的信念就是要坚持，坚持，坚持，再坚持。请大家牢记：海到无边天作岸，山登绝顶我为峰，春风吹，战鼓擂，冲刺中考谁怕谁?初三苦，初三累，百日冲刺不后退!我们坚信，我努力，我就行;我坚持，能行。做的自己，让激情天天燃烧，让热情天天高涨!

四、弯下腰瞧一瞧脚是否踏在了地上。奋力拼搏，勤奋惜时。勤奋认真是成就梦想的基石。付出就会有回报，有耕耘才会有收获。不仅上课要认真听，练习要认真做，考试要认真考，而且卫生也要认真打扫，内务也要认真整理。处处认真，认真就会内化为一种习惯，一种素质，从而有助于同学们获得中考的成功。因此，剩下的100天里，也许老师们会对你们有更苛刻的要求，更艰苦的训练，更严厉的批评，同学们要认真正确的理解。

五、挠挠头想一想有没有科学的学习方法。中考备考既是一项艰巨的个人脑力劳动，更是一场智慧的竞争。在这100天里，同学们要讲究科学的复习方法，要虚心听取各科老师的意见，构建知识体系;增强规范意识;强化训练解题能力。突破知识的盲区，合理地安排时间，既要争分夺秒，又要科学有效，就一定能取得理想的成绩。

家长代表同志、老师、同学们：竭尽全力备战中考是我们初三工作的当务之急。今天会议的目的就是要唤起我们初三的教师行动起来全身心的投入到中考备考复习中;唤起我们初三的全体学生行动起来以正确的方法，饱满的激情，全身心的投入到中考复习中来，也唤起全体家长同志肩负起家教职责，全力支持备考工作。让我们一起共同努力，奋战百日，变压力为动力，变决心为信心，变誓词为行动，去创造属于你自己的奇迹。让成功的鲜花，绽放在六月的校园!在这一百天里，我会注视大家的奋力拼搏，会给你们加油鼓劲!

谢谢大家!

一岁咿咿呀呀学语;三岁歪歪扭扭学步;七岁疯疯癫癫玩耍;十四岁安安静静学习。

十四年，一个呀呀学语的孩童变成婷婷玉立的姑娘。

十四年，一个咿咿学步的娃娃变成身强力壮的少年。

十四年，可以改变许多事。还记得四年前，我还是一个什么都不懂的天真的孩童，每天上蹿下跳的。现在，我不再欢声笑语与人打闹，而变成了一个颇有男子心理的假小子。现在来说，我真的很讨厌自己，学习不好，脾气不好，甚至有时还会有些任性。

长大了，心理也变了，青少年的叛逆心理也慢慢出来了，你让我做什么，我偏不做。

长大了，总爱把裤腿挽的老高，走路爱摆架子，无视淑女，也不淑女。

我觉得无聊，在思想转不过弯的同时，我的成绩也在一点点下滑，尤其是数学，我这么也听不懂老师在讲什么

我知道我原来的期望太高，我好想回头，却忘不了父母的唠叨，也忘不了各科老师严肃的脸。我知道在他们眼里我这样的女孩是“另类”，而我又何尝不是这样看他们呢?我渴望变成苍鹰，渴望飞翔，父母却给了我一个牢笼，使得我困在其中。

遇见了马老师，遇见了她亲切的笑容，遇见了她温和的话语，我投降了，与此同时也成长了。接下来的日子里便是无尽的拼搏。

成长，不再是一张白纸，而是被揉皱的，可以比白纸投的更远的地方的东西;成长，不再是刚钻出地面的嫩芽，而是那狂风暴雨过后更加坚强的花;成长，不再是留恋雨后的七彩虹，而是那被乌云遮挡的太阳，奋力的散发光芒。

(十四) 现当代

1、鲁迅 现代，原名周树人，字豫才，浙江绍兴人。伟大的文学家、思想家、革命家。

散文集《朝花夕拾》， 课文：《从百草园到三味书屋》、《阿长与》、《藤野先生》

散文诗集《野草》， 课文：《风筝》、《雪》

小说集《呐 喊》《彷徨》， 课文：《故乡》《社戏》《孔乙己》

杂文集《且介亭杂文》， 课文：《中国人失掉自信力了吗》

2、郭沫若 原名郭开贞，四川乐山人。诗人、学者、考古学家。诗集《女神》，历史剧《屈原》

课文：《天上的街市》《静夜》《雷电颂》

3、巴金 原名李尧棠，字芾甘，四川成都人。激流三部曲《家》《春》《秋》，爱情三部曲《雾》《雨》《电》，散文集《龙·虎·狗》，文革后作品《随想录》。 课文：《日》《月》

4、冰心 原名谢婉莹，作品歌颂母爱、童真、自然，代表作《繁星》《春水》(深受印度诗人泰戈尔影响)，《寄小读者》 课文：《纸船》《谈生命》

5、朱自清 字佩弦，散文家、诗人、学者、民主战士，江苏扬州人。课文：《春》

6、老舍 原名舒庆春，字 舍予，满族人。著名的语言大师，“人民艺术家”，小说《骆驼祥子》、《四世同堂》，话剧《茶馆》 课文《济南的冬天》

7、叶圣陶 原名叶绍钧，字圣陶，作家、教育家、编辑家。江苏苏州人。课文《苏州园林》

外 国：

1、苏俄

(1)普希金 俄国诗人，有“俄罗斯文学之父”的美称，代表作《自由颂》《致大海》《致恰达耶夫》。

课文：《假如生活欺骗了你》

(2) 契诃夫 俄国作家，与法国的“莫泊桑”、美国的“欧·亨利”一起被称为世界三大短篇小说巨匠。代表作《装在套子里的人》。 课文《变色龙》主人公奥楚蔑洛夫

(3)高尔基 苏联，“无产阶级最伟大的代表”(列宁语)，自传体三部曲《童年》《在人间》《 我的大学》，主人公名字是阿寥莎。课文《海燕》节选自《春天的旋律》的结尾部分，原题为“海燕之歌”。

(4)苏霍姆林斯基 苏联教育家，代表作《给老师的一百条建议》《把整个心灵献给孩子》。课文《致女儿的信》

2、英国

(1)笛福 《鲁宾孙漂流记》 课文《荒岛余生》

(2)培根 哲学家 《随笔》58篇，课文《谈读书》

(3)莎士比亚 文艺复兴时期诗人、戏剧家。四大悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《哈姆莱特》《李尔王》《奥赛罗》

喜剧《威尼斯商人》

(4)济慈 诗人 《蝈蝈与蛐蛐》

3、法国

(1)莫泊桑 世界短篇小说巨匠。代表作《羊脂球》，课文《福楼拜家的星期天》《我的叔叔于勒》

(2)雨果 十九世纪浪漫主义作家。 代表作《悲惨世界》《巴黎圣母院》《九三年》

课文《就英法联军远征中国给巴特勒上尉的信》《纪念伏尔泰逝世一百周年的演说》

(3)都德 《最后一课》 主人公：小弗朗士 韩麦尔先生

(4)布丰 毕生精力经营皇家花园，用40年时间写成36册的《自然史》 课文《马》

(5)法布尔 生物学家，《昆虫记》被誉为“昆虫的史诗”，他被鲁迅赞为“讲昆虫生活的楷模”。《绿色蝈蝈》

4、美国

(1)海伦·凯勒 聋哑盲女作家，1964年获得“总统自由勋章”，致力于救助伤残儿童、保护妇女权益、争取种族平等。作品《假如给我三天光明》，课文《再塑生命》，再塑她生命的老师是莎莉文。

(2)杰克·伦敦 “美国无产阶级文学之父”，“美国的马克思”，作品《热爱生命》。 课文《热爱生命》

5、其他

(1)奥地利 茨威格 擅长写人。课文《伟大的悲剧》，《列夫·托尔斯泰》(选自《三作家》)

(2)丹麦 安徒生 童话作家 课文《皇帝的新装》《丑小鸭》

(3)印度 泰戈尔 亚洲第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的人，文学巨匠。主要诗集《园丁集》《新月集》《飞鸟集》 课文《金色花》

(4)波兰 玛丽·居里 一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖，物理学家、化学家 课文《我的信念》

(5)黎巴嫩 纪伯伦，诗人、画家，《浪之歌》《雨之歌》

中国古代文化常识

一.地理山川

1.阴阳(阴：山北水南，阳光不易照到之处;阳：山南水北)

2.江河(古代"江"专指长江，"河"专指黄河)

3.关内、关外(汉朝前，"关"特指函谷关;明清时以至现在称东北三省为"关外"。

4.山东、山西("山"特指崤山，后来有时指太行山。

5.古今地名 (大都--北京 大梁、汴梁、东京、汴京--开封 京口--镇江 金陵、建业、建康、江宁、石头诚--南京 临安、钱塘--杭州 姑苏、吴郡--苏州 淮上、江都、维扬--扬州 会稽--绍兴 长安--西安 奉天--沈阳 直沽--天津)

6.五岳(东岳泰山 西岳华山 中岳嵩山 南岳衡山 北岳恒山)

二.地 名

要注要注意古代方位、地名和现代不同的地方。

(1)六合：指天地四方(即上、下、东、南、西、北)。

(2)八荒：人为东、东南、南、西南、西北、北、东北八个方向。茺为荒远之地。八荒指远离中原的地方。

(3)九州：古代分天下为九州，即兖州、冀州、青州、徐州、豫州、荆州、杨州、梁州、雍州。

(4)山东：指崤山以东。

(5)江南：泛指长江以南。

(6)江左：即长江以东。

(7)江表：长江以外，指江南。

(8)河北、河南、泛指中原之地，即黄河流域一带。

(9)五岳：东岳泰山、南岳衡山，西岳恒山，中岳嵩山。

(10)南京又名建业、建意古代方位、地名的廉洁和现代不同的地方。

(11)开封又名大梁、汴州、东京。

三.官 名

古代职官情况异常复杂，而且各朝都有变化，可以中央、地方两方面大致掌握。

中央官职：皇帝下有丞相或称宰相佐理国政，统领百官。中央一般设六部分管政务，即吏部，户部，礼部、兵部、弄部、工部，部长官称尚书，副职为侍郎。

地方官职：大政区称郡、州或称省，长官分别称郡守、太守(或刺史)、巡抚。

基层政权称县，县官称县令或知县，间乎大政区和县之间高州(或府)，长官称知州(知府)。

四.纪 年

纪年有：

(1)按王公即位年次纪年(如：赵惠文王十六年)，

(2)干支纪年法(如：以辛亥三月二十九日围攻两广督署之役为最)，

(3)年号纪年法(如：德右二年二月十九日)，

(4)年号干支兼用(如：咸丰庚申，英法联军自海入侵)。季节，一季三个月顺次称孟、仲，季，如盆春(一月)，仲春(二月)，季春(三月)。每月的特殊日子有特定称呼，第一天叫"朔"，最后一天叫"晦"，十五叫"望"，十六叫"既望"。一昼夜分十二时辰，用十二地支称呼，每时辰两小时。每夜分五更9鼓)每更两小时。此外，鸡鸣指早上三、四点，日出时叫旦、晨、朝，黄昏，人定即亥时相当晚上9-11时。夕、暮、黄错，人定即亥时相当晚上9-11时。

五.古代节日及有关习俗

元旦

正月初一，亦称元日，有祭神贴桃符的习俗。相传东海度朔山大桃树下有神荼、郁垒二神，能食百鬼。古人用桃木画二神像，悬挂在门口来驱鬼。五代开始在符上写联语，后来演变成春联。王安石有《元日》诗："千门万户瞳曈日，总把新桃换旧符。"

上元

正月十五，亦称元宵、元夕、元夜。古代习俗在上元夜张灯为戏，所以又称灯节。宋朱淑真《生查子?元夕》："去年元夜时，花市灯如昼。"

社日

农家祭土地神的日子。汉以前只有春社，汉以后开始有秋社。春社在春分前后，秋社在秋分前后。社日这一天，乡邻们在土地庙集会，准备酒肉祭神，然后宴饮。王家《社日诗》"桑柘影斜春社散，家家扶得醉人归。"

寒食

清明前二日，即冬至后一百零五天，有时是一百零六天。相传起源于晋文公悼念介之推，介之推在绵上之山隐居，晋文公为逼他下山放火，他抱树而死。晋文公便下令这一天禁火寒食，以后演变为寒食节。每逢寒食节，人们要禁火三日。元镇《连昌宫词》："初过寒食一百六，店社无烟宫柳绿。"

清明

清明节的习俗主要是踏青和扫墓。杜牧有《清明》诗："清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。"

上巳

原定于三月上旬的一个巳日，所以叫上巳。曹魏以后，这个节日固定在三月三日。早先，人们到水边去游玩采兰，以驱除邪气。后来，演变成水边宴饮，郊外春游的节日。杜甫有《丽人行》诗："三月三日天气新，长安水边多丽人。"

端午

五月初五，又称"端阳"、"重五"，"端"是"初"的意思。据说屈原在五月初五投江，人们争渡去救屈原，后来演变成划龙舟的传统。人们还投粽子到江里，以保护屈原的遗体，又有了吃粽子的传统。唐以后端午成为大节日，朝廷有赏赐。杜甫有《端午日赐衣》："端午被恩荣。"

七夕

农历七月七日。民间传说此日夜间牛郎织女鹊桥相会，妇女们结彩楼，陈酒脯瓜果于庭中，以乞巧。和凝《宫词》："阑珊星斗缀朱光，七夕宫嫔乞巧忙。"

中元鬼节

农历七月十三或十四，每家就会请祖先，烧自己做的纸钱。传说十五祖先要到阴府开东洋大会

中秋

八月十五日。八月十五在秋季的正中，所以叫中秋。此时秋高气爽，月光最美，为赏月佳节。苏轼《水调歌头》："明月几时有，把酒问青天。"韦庄《送秀才归荆溪》："八月中秋月正圆，送君吟上木兰船。"

重阳

九月初九。又称重九。古人认为九是阳数，日月都逢九，称为重阳。古人认为此日带茱萸囊登山饮菊花酒可以免祸，于是便有了这一天登高饮酒的习惯。王维《九月九日忆山东兄弟》："遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。"

腊日

腊是祭祀名，岁末祭众神叫腊(所以十二月叫腊月)。古代十二月初八是腊日，村人击细腰鼓，作金刚力士来驱逐瘟疫。杜甫有《腊日》诗："腊日年年暖尚遥，今年腊日冻全消。"

除夕

一年最后一天的晚上。除是除旧布新。一年的最后一天叫"岁除"，那天晚上叫"除夕"。除夕人们往往通宵不眠，叫守岁。苏轼有《守岁》："儿童强不睡，相守夜欢哗。"

从近年来全国各省市的中考语文试卷看，阅读题在中考中分值一般在40——50分左右，而现代文类阅读题又占其中70%的分值。通过对中考学生答卷情况分析，学生答卷主要出现这样两个特点：1、散文类考题得分低于自然科学类试题。2、主观性试题比客观性试题失分严重。

一篇看似简单的现代文为什么让学生连连失分呢?考生在中考语文阅读题解答上要注意些什么问题呢?

一忌：跟着感觉走。考生由于年龄因素，逻辑思辨能力和分析归纳能力都不强，考生在答题的时候常常犯“跟着感觉走”到错误，草草看看阅读题的题干，在还没有完全读懂文章的情况下，就凭着对文章的初步理解去完成答案，这就是造成答案不完善和答非所问的原因。

二忌：只见树木不见森林考生在答题的时候，粗枝大叶，看见语段中有题干要求的部分答案，就马上写在答题纸上，孰不知，有部分考学生归纳能力的题目，答案往往需要有一定的概括性，必须要关照本段全段或者相邻的几段甚至全篇才可以做出完整的答案。这种只见树木不见森林的答题方式是考生在做阅读题是常常犯的一个错误。

三忌：走马观花骑在马上看花当然看不仔细花，考生在分析题干时常常犯这样的错误。我们知道，出卷老师在命题的时候，为了使答案尽可能单一，往往要在题干上设置很多的修饰限定语句，这样也有助于指引考生明确答题的方向，所以我们可以充分的利用题干上的这些语句，来做出尽可能符合出卷者意图的答案。

明确了答卷三忌，那么如何才能做出正确而又完整的答案呢?

这就必须要做好“读懂”、“读通”这两个步骤。

“读懂”就是是从文章内容层面上来要求考生的。要很好的完成现代文的阅读题，首要的就是读懂文章的主要内容、把握住作者的思想情感，进而明确文章的中心，如果是记叙文(散文)要能完面把握文章所记叙的事情，明了主要人物大个体形象，还要能把握住作者对这些人物所寄予的情感态度，要切实的读懂每一句话，要能随着作品情感到波动而心领神会。自然和社会科学类的文章理解起来要容易一些，当时也需要把握住语段的中心，要能体会出作者用词的严密性和逻辑性。有些文章例如人文性质比较强的文章，好多考生并不能一些子就看明白，这就需要考生提醒自己，仔细阅读反复阅读，细细体味，在交卷完成最后的确定答案之前，一定要彻底读懂文章。不然，就有可能造成不必要的失分。事实证明，所有的中考阅读题，只要彻底的读懂了，一般都会做出正确而完整的答案的。

当然，读文章和做答案的方式是多种多样的，可以先读懂再答题，也可以边读边答题，在初步完成答题之后再细读文章然后进行检查。考生可以在读文章时在试卷上随意根据自己的理解做上标记，这样不会影响卷面，但是可以提高做题的效率。

现在，我们来谈一谈“读通”。

如果说“读懂”是从文章内容方面对学生做题的要求，那么，读通就是对学生对材料结构方面把握程度的要求。一篇文章要做到了然于心，必须对该篇文章的结构有一个完整而清晰的认识。了解段意、层意、搞清楚段落之间的结构关系、把握全文的行文思路、最终对文章的结构有一个完整的认识。

这里的读通，既要求考生能从最细微的地方入手，也需要从全文的角度关照。

那么，是不是做所有的阅读题都要求全面而深刻的去把文章从内容到结构的方方面面加以分析呢，我看，也未必。首先，我们要求学生在第一遍读文章的时候，就要细细体味，努力从以上几个方面去有意识的感受和把握文章，然后，再具体的根据题干要求解题的时候，运用所涉及的知识，有针对性的再去做分析，形成有效的答案，最后，在检查的时候，根据时间的具体情况，再阅读并梳理有关的答案。看看时候答题正确完整。

有了以上几个步骤，考生的答案应该说可以完全克服以上三种常见的错误。

Honesty is pay attention to all aspects of, business, work, life,

friends... All want to pay attention to integrity, people need good faith

relationship; Business integrity is needed to maintain their livelihood, to

maintain the cooperation with other companies. Honesty can make others to

oneself, also can let the oneself career and life. Honesty is small enough to

make his own body and mind, big enough to make myself famous. Honesty can help

her in her career success, also can obtain happiness in life.

Said honesty is not only, also want to action, learn to learn to integrity,

not confess to others about their bad things to others, and an honest heart also

need careful, cautious people, while others, trust yourself and be careful.

Integrity needs to insist on, only insist on will increase, there is an idiom

called a good day, we have to do a sincere, only insist to maintain our

unchanging moral character, can improve their body and mind in honesty, hone

their endurance, this is not a the best of both worlds?

Honesty is honest and trustworthy, a man of faith is often mistake by

others. Honest need courage and cautious, credit needs to insist on and perfect,

only do this, can complete is honesty.

导语：每个人都有自己的梦想，你的梦想是什么呢?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

When we talk about dreams, we are so excited, we have many dreams, such as being a famous person, traveling around the world and so on. Dreams are what we pursue for a lifetime, with many dreams, we have motivation to fight for our life. The opposite side of dream is reality, we have to face reality everyday, reality is what we perceive in our life. Reality always frustrates us to be successful. We need to balance them. First, we need to face reality, though it is not ideal, we live in a world, we have to know exactly who we are. Second, to make our dreams come true, we need to adjust our dreams according to the reality.

【参考译文】

当我们谈到梦想的时候，会感到很兴奋，我们有很多理想，比如成为一个出名的人，环游世界等等。梦想是我们一生所追求的，拥有梦想，我们才有动力为生活奋斗。与梦想相反的另一面就是现实，我们不得不每天面对现实，现实是我们生活中所觉察到的。现实总是让我们在成功的路上受挫。我们需要平衡他们。第一，我们需要面对现实，虽然不理想，但是我们是生活在世界上，需要清楚地知道自己是谁。第二，为了实现我们的梦想，我们需要根据现实调整梦想。

However mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it and call it

hard names. It is not as bad as you are.

It looks poorest when you are richest. The fault-finder will find faults in

paradise. Love your life, poor as it is.

You may perhaps have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a

poor-house. The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as

brightly as from the rich mans abode; the snow melts before its door as early

in the spring. I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there, and

have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace.

文章摘要：1. 遇见你的那一刻，世界轰然倒塌；两人抬起头有点不相信的盯着我。英语如何写出中考高分作文儿子出院那天，已经夕阳西下了，他笑了笑对儿子说：乖啊，不怕，有爸爸呢，我还有办法。关于事业:没有什么高低贵贱之分,人人为我我为人人,只要合法,能干什么就干什么,口袋没钱最丢人,死要面子活受罪的事千万别干.！

①文体：记叙文。

②要点：what → when →how → why → hope and plan for the future.

③时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时的自然变化。

内容具有开放性，但它也是“控制性”的写作试题，因此不能随意发挥，要善于抓信息，写完要点。选用这两篇学生真实习作，一是因为他们选材相同，二是因为他们都是英语成绩优秀的同学。同学B灵活使用连词so...that，so，little by little，when，so that等，恰到好处地使用新句型和短语used to，became interested in，come true......等，使内容丰富，读起来优美流畅。其实这些表达同学A也会，只是缺乏技术加工。通过这两篇作文点评，同学们便能悟出其中的奥妙。

四、培养途径

1.根据老师布置的写作内容，独立完成一篇写作。

2.与同伴合作，交流自己的写作，通过交流找出各自作文中写得好的地方和优美的句子，合作创造一篇新的文章，供大家欣赏。

3.找老师点评，请求老师指点，尤其是怎样润色。

4.自己纠错，写下反思。

五、备考演练

缙云山是重庆著名的游览胜地，每天有大量的游客。请你根据下面提供的信息写一篇报道，说明现在的游客在环境保护方面的变化。

写作要求：

1.词数在100左右。

2.条理清楚，语句通顺。

3.开头已写好，但不计入总词数。

Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest ...

趁现在，没有孩子，没有牵绊，我也不贪图他什么，该是离婚最好的时机吧；他还能自己走路，朋友却已经站不起来了。英语如何写出中考高分作文12、诚实是上策。他们用钱去做坏事!多么痛的领悟，你曾是我的全部，只愿你挣脱情的枷锁 ，爱的束缚，任意追逐，别再为爱受苦。最后只能采取自愿加班的方式。

As the Christmas Day is coming, our class decided to send some gifts to our

teachers, because we wanted to show our gratitude to them. At first, we had no

idea what to buy, because we wanted to do something special. So at last an idea

came to my mind. I advised to write a card, pasting some pictures of classmates

on it. Everybody agreed with me, so we spent a day to take some funny pictures,

and everybody wrote down their names on the card. When we sent this gift to the

teachers, they loved it so much. They were so impressed by this precious

surprise and would keep it forever.