高三英语应用文 写作训练(推荐20篇)
导语:弯下腰,意欲寻找那一片枯黄,竟然一无所获;抬起头,欲仰望蓝天,视线却已被刚抽出嫩芽的枝条吸引住——惊觉,这是春的足迹,是元宵使者的呼唤。下面是小编整理的闹元宵作文,请大家认真阅读!
浏览
2764作文
654基础薄弱如何进行英语四级写作训练
全文共 916 字
+ 加入清单英语四级考试目的是推动大学英语教学大纲的贯彻执行,对大学生的英语能力进行客观、准确的测量,为提高我国大学英语课程的教学质量服务。下面是小编为大家带来的基础薄弱如何进行英语四级写作训练的知识,欢迎阅读。
英语四级写作备考可分为四大步骤:
一、 背诵:
首先认真研究历年四级写作真题,重点研究2001年6月—2005年12月的11次真题,分析近年来四级写作的出题规律和考试重点,从语言、结构、 内容三大层面,认真研读经典写作真题范文:语言方面学习范文中的精彩词汇、词组、句型;结构方面学习范文的框架结构、内在逻辑、关联词、同义替换和代词替换;内容方面学习范文的论点、论据和论证。同时背诵精彩写作范文,要求滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善,扎扎实实提高自己的写作实力。历年英语四级六级真题 >>
二、默写:
背诵熟练之后默写下来,仔细对照原文,会发现你默写的文章与原文有一些语法、拼写、标点的区别,这些区别就是你的写作弱点,学习关键在于针锋突破,不要全面出击。这些弱点正是你在考试中扣分的原因所在,把这些弱点意义克服,分数自然就会提高。
三、 中译英:
首先将写作真题范文译为中文,或参考范文的正确译文,然后进行中译英的工作,根据自己的理解把中文译为英文,最后对照英文原文,你会发现你的译文与原文存在较大的差别,这些差别正是你写作低分的症结所在。同样的一个中文句子,仔细对比一下你使用了哪些词汇、词组和句型,原文使用了哪些,这样你的写作水平才会逐渐提高。
四、 写作:
进行完上述工作之后,在考前必须进行写作的工作,只有动笔写作,才会发现自己的问题。可以写5—10篇真题或模拟题,模仿自己曾经背诵过的精彩词汇、词组、句型、框架和范文,写出一篇新的文章。最初不要求速度,但考前一定要进行模考,半小时写出一篇120-150词的文章。写完之后仔细修改其中的语言错误,将其改的更加精彩。
英语写作基础不太好的四级考生,必须按照上述步骤严格进行;基础较好的考生学习顺序正好相反,首先写作,直接写作英语四级真题;其次中译英,在研读原文之前,进行中译英的工作,译完对比,找出差距;然后背诵;最后默写。同时可以准备自己的写作框架,应用文和论说文分别形成固定的写法,积累精彩句型。
更多相似作文
篇1:2024关于英语图画作文写作方法
全文共 724 字
+ 加入清单英语一考生要在三十分钟内写出160-200个词汇的文章,英语二的考生需要完成150个词汇左右的文章。写作时要求主题突出、结构清晰、文字通顺、连贯性好,祛除语法错误。在考试过程中,考生能在有限时间内详细解读考题设问要求,并匠心独运的构想、拟题、列提纲,最后完成一篇考场佳作,这需要前期十分认真的备考。
在写作中,考生要特别注意文章的中心思想是否切题,论据是否足够充分,如不充分则要对论据详细展开。句语句、段与段连接要自然,逻辑关系清晰明晰,切忌不要出现与主题无关的句子。人称、时态等细节处要保持一致,单词拼写、大小写以及标点也要注意到位。
由于近些年图画作文较热,是考研英语写作中出现频率最高的一类文体,我们来重点学习一下这种文体的写作方法。
图画作文通常是给出一幅或多幅漫画或图片,所给图画多反映当前的热点社会现象或热点社会现实。这类作文难度较大,要求考生首先仔细剖析图画内容,并通过文字形式将图中所包罗的思想内容准确无误地表达出来。大家可将此类作文转化为三段或四段式的提纲作文写作。
1、认真审题
在审题时,考生要在认真剖析图画所反映的内容以及出题者出题意图的前提下,通过表层含义剖析图画真正想要说明的问题是什么,深入研究图画的表层含义和深层含义,从而挖掘出其深层含义以确定文章的中心思想。
2、确定写作重点
认真审题后,考生就要确定写作重点了,根据剖析和研究的结果列出提纲并安排段落。确定每一个段落的主题和写作重点,考生要根据题目要求对选材进行筛选。
3、确定写作提纲
如何列提纲,即考生对题设材料的剖析得出结论后形成的基本框架结构,漫画标的主题、directions中的要求包罗了哪些内容,文章段落应该如何组织,基本提纲确定了的基础上,才能思路清晰、行文流通。
篇2:高中作文写作训练方法
全文共 3164 字
+ 加入清单君不知作文灵感何处来,抓耳挠腮无文思;君不见绝妙素材随处有,旁征博引非难事。每一场语文考试中,最决定成败的无疑是作文--分数占比高,所需时间长,不定因素又太多。从审题破题到立意定论再到起承转合行文结论,步步惊心。然而大多数人从第一步便彳亍难前,解药在何方?
提高写作这件事儿,可小可大。大者,众所周知,150分钟150分的试卷中,唯独她,大笔一挥便耗你50分钟至70分钟不等,分数一出幸运者轻轻松松60分收入囊中,不幸者只能流着泪挥手告别20分,写作抢分水平一旦提高,语文战场便一举拿下;小者,作文提高在于平常生活中一点一滴的积累,以及考场上审题破题行文时的灵光一闪厚积薄发。下面就与大家分享一些干得榨不出汁儿的平时积累与临场发挥中可以使用的一些小技巧~
平时积累:
1)练字
一张整洁的作文卷面能够在改卷老师看见你卷子的第一眼就给你打一个比较好的印象分。当然整洁的卷面并不一定要求你出手就是极其标准的正楷瘦金,但至少你得保证你的字压着方格底线、左右留出十分之一的空格,上下占三分之二,避免字体低空飘过空格的三分之一;更重要的是,避免用"大片横线涂抹错字"的方式改正错字、错句,用从左上到右下的斜线轻轻划掉需要更正的部分即可,一来不影响整体的美观度,二来改正了错误信息确保心安,从而保证整体的观感美观度。平时写字随意惯了的人是无法在考场上突然就交上一份整洁的答卷的,所以平时练习时(无论哪一科作业),都应当强迫自己减少笔误,训练自己想好再下笔的慎重,并且避免用粗壮的涂抹修改错误信息。平时养成良好的习惯才能在考场上彰显出来。
2)多读多看多记多背
大家翻看满分作文集的时候,一定会发现许多满分作文无论记叙文议论文散文,共同的特点就是辞藻华丽,文笔或沉郁顿挫充满思想,或清逸俊秀洋溢着青春的气息,更有甚者,从开头到结尾时不时引一句古诗词抒发情感发表议论。大家在为这些华丽的文风所倾倒时,有没有想过他们是怎么做到的呢?要想在考场中写出这样的文章,平时一定要多读多看多记多背多积累。
首先要确定自己喜欢怎样的风格,对症下药。喜欢古诗词且有一定改编兴趣的同学可以拿着唐诗宋词三百首隔几天背几首,然后把大纲必备的一百篇左右记熟理解透,背的时候就多联想联想自己遇到过的作文主题,看看哪几句可以用在哪几类主题上,再大脑中建立一个对应的突触,考场写作中就能够比较快地反应出可以用的古诗词了;喜欢沉郁文风的同学呢,平时刷数学理综刷累了换脑子的时候可以多看看类似的思想性的文章,经典如鲁迅、瞿秋白,流行如《特别关注》、《读者》、《意林》等杂志,均是取材的好原料。但涉猎一定要广,不要把自己局限在高考满分作文大全的桎梏里,这样不仅会给自己创造无形中不必要的压力,也会使得自己的脑洞无法推陈出新。
遇到自己触电的文段后,最轻松的法子就是准备一本素材本,剪下来之后粘在上面随时翻阅;也可以自行抄录背诵时常回忆联想,所谓"念念不忘,必有回响",将这些文字在脑中不停地反复,考场上即便大脑一片空白,也能在下笔时蹦出相应的灵感。
3)一天破三题,一周一文章
光说不练假把式,积累了许多素材输入,不提高输出也是无法提高能力的。我的建议是非高/初三的同学可以一周练三到五个破题,写一篇文章,高/初三的同学一天练三个破题,一周保证一篇文章。
破题怎么练呢?找到题库,审题,先审题目的中心思想,将思路尽可能地与出题老师贴近,找对最正确自己也最拿手的角度切入,尽量选用不落窠臼的分析方式列好提纲,写好标题,一道题的破题训练就完成了。不需要写出完整的文章,只写出标题、中心论点和分论点,这样的训练方式既能够提高审题速度避免选择困难症在考场上频繁发作,也能够节约写作时间提高写作练习的频率避免厌倦长时间枯燥的写作练习。当然,节约出来的时间勤奋的同学们也可以用来想一想每一个分论点可以用哪些事例,可以配怎样的古诗词句,可以用一段怎样有力的论述,标题怎样取可以更加抓人眼球打动人心。破完题一定要去看看标答是如何分析的--这就要求挑选题库时一定不能找那种答案是"略"的题库--努力让自己的思维往答案上靠,调试多了就校准了;有疑惑的地方一定要多与老师沟通交流,保证思维不脱轨。
每周的那篇文章可以从这几篇写好了的破题中选择,然后拿给老师看,多与老师沟通交流,及时调整自己的审题风格,保证自己的思路在正轨上剑走偏锋,既有创新之处,又不会离题千里导致跑题丢分。这样也保证了自己连缀文章的能力不过快退化。
无论是破题还是写完整文章,时间都必须给予自己一定的限制。破题的时间可以限制在10-15分钟,完整文章的写作时间不要超过一小时,这样才能保证自己在考场上能够有充足的时间把前面的基础题做好。当然,平时贵在"琢磨",琢磨的时间当然越长越好,毕竟磨刀不误砍柴工嘛。
4)多开脑洞多联想,创造自己的事例素材库
前面说过要多积累素材多训练审题破题,闲来无事多"琢磨",联想的好处便在于此。如果说你记录下来的素材是珍珠,那么"琢磨"能够让你把这些珍珠磨成粉喝下去最大程度地提高你将文字连缀成篇的能力。在脑中建立属于自己的素材库,每几个素材贴上属于他们自己的标签,一个素材往往可以用在多个主题之上,一个事例也往往有多个角度可以分析,所以,在脑中把这些标签贴好,就像建造一座"mindpalace",考试时就能够信手拈来不会感慨书到用时方恨少了,也再也不用依赖万能的李白杜甫司马迁了。
学科间的融会贯通也是不容小觑的一个技能,许多理化生史地政的许多现象、事例都可以用在文章中,尽显理科生、文科生独有的风范和魅力,多用一用相关的素材也不愧对平时在文综理综上花的大把大把的时间嘛。
标题也是很重要的一部分,一个好的标题能够给人一种愿意读下去的动力,所以平时读书积累素材的时候,也可以多看看"别人家的标题"是如何抓人眼球的,自己又可以用怎样的方式让自己的标题变得狂拽酷炫吸引人。
临场发挥:
1)审好题后即下笔切莫太犹豫
如果平时有了一定量审题积累,考场上审题就不会是太难的事情。确定分析角度找准立意写好分论点确定标题之后尽快开始写作,可以等灵感出现,但不要再立意上摇摆太久,否则选择困难症一定会把你逼到时间不够最后匆匆行文害了自己。记住,标题是考场作文的重点之一,能新颖不陈旧,但一定不能词不达意让人不知所云,否则就还不如循规蹈矩地扣上一顶傻帽子然后凭内容出彩了。记叙文虽然不被提倡因为很少会有改卷老师有那个耐心去认真看你的细节和感情,但是如果有十足的保证确保细节描写能够打动人心,也可以试一试。
2)厚积薄发多用脑洞多联想
有了平时如此多的积累,到考场上想要厚积薄发也就不会太难了。最关键的一点是不要给自己太大的心理压力使得自己脑洞被强行压制没法调用,放轻松,多想想自己平时积累了什么记下了什么,灵活运用便好。当然,如果脑子里全是那些烂掉牙的万能素材,我只能说,少年,您还是多看看时事积累点素材再来考试吧。
3)九分力雕琢龙头凤尾内容不在话下
开头和结尾的重要性想必不需要我再强调,但是不仅仅是开头和结尾两段。首段保证在一百字以内言简意赅地提出响亮的中心论点,结尾收束全文呼应开头升华主题当然也不需要我再强调。特别有必要说的一点在于,中间各论述段的开头和结尾也必须可圈可点,如果能适当地用上排比,保证对应的格式与字数,在宏大的论述气势中有条有理地把论点论述清楚是最好不过的了。格式一致的分论点在让你自己更好地组织语言的同时其实也能够让改卷老师更快更全面地掌握你的思路,这时只要你思路正确,改卷老师也就更愿意给你高分了。在有条理有逻辑有气势的开头结尾的帮助下,写好段落中间的几句话就完全不是问题了。
看完了上述的"葵花宝典",是不是觉得平时"念念不忘",考试时才能"必有回响"?
所以为了提高作文,在考场上攻克下这一片核心战场,把平时的积累方法好好落实吧~
篇3:2024高考英语写作常用套句
全文共 3894 字
+ 加入清单一、开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned
2.It goes without saying that...
3.It can be said with certainty that...
4.As the proverb says,
5.It has to be noticed that...
6.It`s generally recognized that...
7.It`s likely that ...
8.It`s hardly that...
9.It’s hardly too much to say that...
10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是
11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问,无可否认
12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...
13.what’s far more important is that...
二、衔接句型
A case in point is ...
As is often the case...
As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单,所以……
But it’s a pity that...
For all that...In spite of the fact that...
Further, we hold opinion that...
However , the difficulty lies in...
Similarly, we should pay attention to...
not(that)...but(that)...不是,而是
In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势
As has been mentioned above...
In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说
However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面,即 …
三、结尾句型
I will conclude by saying...
Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...
All things considered,总而言之
It may be safely said that...
Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….
The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….
It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好
四、举例句型
Let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明
let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.
Here is one more example.
Take … for example.
The same is true of….
This offers a typical instance of….
We may quote a common example of….
Just think of….
五、常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below.
2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.
3. I believe the title statement is valid because….
4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …. I believe….
5. My argument for this view goes as follows.
6. Along with the development of…, more and more….
7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….
8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….
9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.
10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.
六、表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.
2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.
3. A and B differ in….
4. A differs from B in….
5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….
6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….
7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….
8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….
9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.
10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….
11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….
七、演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.
3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
5. The reasons are as follows.
八、因果推理法常用句型
1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we’ve learned a lot.
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we’ve learned a lot.
5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.
6. Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.
7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.
8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.
篇4:2024初中英语作文写作技巧分析
全文共 2008 字
+ 加入清单书面表达是近几年初中英语中考的重要题型,是一种反映学生表达、传递信息和解决实际问题的重要的语言测试手段,同时也是用于测试学生的语言交际能力和语言知识活用能力的一项综合性试题。《英语课程标准》对各个年级学生“写”的技能提出了明确目标,它要求学生具有较高的书面语言表达能力。然而,目前初中英语教学的书面表达相对滞后,学生的写作水平提高甚微,一提起写作学生们就犯愁,甚至一字不写,有的干脆放弃。写一篇像样的英语作文对80%的学生来说是“难于上青天”。究其原因是多方面的。学生方面:(1)汉语影响、生词造句;(2)词汇贫乏、搭配不当;(3)句型误用、语法不通;(4)信息不全、条理紊乱。因此,笔者结合新教材的内容,在教学中探索了学生写作训练的方法。
一、积累词汇
初中学生在阅读理解方面最大的障碍就是词汇量的缺乏,而扩大词汇量绝非死记硬背就能做到。最有效的方法就是大量接触各种不同体裁的英语文章,利用“在句中记,在文中记”的方法来积累词汇。因此我们指导学生依据英语报刊的特点,按栏目、话题、题材、体裁归类收集常用词,将出现频率较高的常用词汇积累到单词本子上,查字典写例句,初步学会这些单词的运用,放在身边,利用零散时间反复记忆,加强印象。还要求学生给出与单词有关的同义、近义、反义和词形相似的词,使词汇量得到最大限度的复现。如:反义词appear/disappear, crowded/uncrowded,polite/impolite/rude.词形相似的词except/expect,chance/change/challenge.这样,通过大量的词汇练习不仅仅能有效地积累词汇,还为组句打下了基础,同时还能训练学生的发散性思维和总结、归纳、比较的能力,为学生正确使用词句奠定了良好的基础。
二、活用词句
当学生有了一定的词汇量的时候,教师在教学中可以采用先易后难的方法,让学生用简单的词组成句子,再以句子的构成作为学生进行写作训练的起点,引导学生从对单个句型的掌握,逐渐过渡到多种句型的混用,直到学生能连贯自如地表达思想。一句多译,句型转换,是书面表达能力的关键。总的来说,教师在平时的教学中要将日常生活中经常出现的词、句作为材料让学生训练,使学生乐于接受,轻松完成,享受成功感。
例如:以study为中心组成句子。
I study in No.3 Middle School.I study very hard.My sister studies in the same school.But she studies harder than me.等等。
三、创设情景
例如,学生举行运动会,开“生日聚会”,以“A sports meeting”和“My birthday party”为语境,让学生在活动中仔细观察,亲身体验,然后试着用自己所学的语言知识,表达“A sports meeting”和“My birthday party”这些话题。在我们新教材的每个单元中,都设有写作训练题,它们用英语设置语境,用英语提示内容,这些写的练习,与我们平时用汉语给语境、用英语完成段落的方式相比,更为理想。当然,教师在设立语境话题时要与学生的水平和能力相适应,应从简到难,从浅到深进行。否则,学生会无从下笔,久而久之,他们会失去信心。
四、注重听、说和阅读的培养
在英语写作中听、说、读、写应同步发展。写作是一种语言输出形式,只有语言输入大于语言输出,语言输出才有可能。英语写作训练作为英语综合能力训练之一,是与英语的听说读不可分割的,它们是相互影响、相互作用的有机统一体,必须注重听、说、读、写能力的同步发展。
比如笔者实施多年的“五分钟课前演讲”:在上正课前五分钟里,要学生用英语讲述一个故事(积累素材);或者课前朗读一篇短小精 的文章,让大家课后模仿;或者就大家平时关心的话题写一个发言稿或演讲稿进行课前发言;或者让学生自立主题,围绕自己喜欢的主题写一段话。这种课前训练取得了很好的效果。
五、写英文日记
要养成记英语日记勤练笔的习惯。经常用英语记日记等于天天在练笔,这无疑是提高英语写作行之有效的好办法。在记日记时,不要总是用简单句,要有意识地用一些好的词组、句型和复合句等,使文句更优美生动。对一些所给情景写的文章,写好后要对照一些范文,找出差距,然后再去练习,不仅能促使学生及时巩固所学的知识,还能锻炼他们的恒心和学习毅力,同时对提高英语作文也是很有帮助的。只有这样,学生才能通过多练习提高英语写作水平。
总之,学生英语写作水平的提高不是一朝一夕的事,英语写作能力培养的训练方法也是多方面的,因此需要我们英语教师在教学工作中不断探索、不断研究,总结出一些更富有创新活力的英语写作方法。鼓励学生平时要多积累语素材,要求他们坚持长期写作训练,做到善于思考、勤于训练、勇于探究,充分发挥学生的潜力。久而久之,学生的写作水平就会有大幅度的提高。
篇5:高三英语作文欣赏
全文共 1930 字
+ 加入清单First Snow
The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event. You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and if this is not enchantment, then where is it to be found?
The very stealth, the eerie quietness, of the thing makes it more magical. Ifall the snow fell at once in one shattering crash, awakening us in the middle of the night the event would be robbed of its wonder. But it flutters down, soundless, hour after hour while we are asleep. Outside the closed curtains of the bedroom a vast transfbrmation scene is takiag place, just as if a myriad elves and brownies were at work, and we turn and yawn and stretch and know nothing about it. And then, what an extraordinary change it is! It is as if the house continent. Even the inside, which has not been touched, seems different, every room appearing smaller and cosier, just as if some power were trying to turn it into a woodcutter’s hut or a snug logcabin. Outside, where the garden was yesterday, there is now a white and glistening level, and the village beyond is no longer your own familiar cluster of roofs but a village in an old German fairy-tale.
You would not be surprised to learn that all the people there, the speetacled postmistress, the cobbler, the retired school master, and the rest, had suffered a change too and had become queer elvish beings, purveyors of invisible caps and magic shoes. You yourselves do not feel quite the same people you were yesterday. How could you not when so much has been changed? There is a curious stir, a little shiver of excite-ment, troubling the house, not unlike the feeling there is abroad when a journey has to be made. The children, of course, are all excitement but even the adults hang about and talk to one another longer than usual before setting down to the day’s work. Nobody can resist the windows. It is like being on board a ship.
篇6:2024高考英语作文写作基本原则
全文共 4219 字
+ 加入清单一、 主题句原则
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句).
Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
二、 长短句原则
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
三、 一二三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!
四、 短语优先原则
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:
I cannot bear it.
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.
I want it.
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
五、 多实少虚原则
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如:
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
六、 多变句式原则
1)加法(串联)
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。
比如说: I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用:besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短语:despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, not with standing
3)因果(so, so, so)
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短语:then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。
举例:This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:
When to go, Why he goes away…
5)附加(多此一举)
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
七、 挑战极限原则
既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!
篇7:2024应用文写作基础知识最新
全文共 1406 字
+ 加入清单作为职业经理人,尤其是每天批文十数件以上,且直辖员工达到5人以上的,你们是否经常因为文件起草不标准的问题而烦恼?那么今天,我们将为您解决这个困扰!——起草公文的基本排版格式
标题:二号方正大标宋(党口公文),二号方正小标宋(政口公文)
副标题为三号宋体加粗,格式为右对齐,作者单位全称、作者职务、姓名(注明“根据录音整理”及讲话的时间)
一、标题规范
1、标题字体。
标题字体为华文中宋,小二号字,加粗,格式为居中。副标题为宋体,三号字,加粗,格式为右对齐。
2、作者与题注。
一般公文只有标题,没有作者和题注。
如属讲话稿之类要标明作者的,应在标题下一行加上作者单位全称、作者职务、姓名,职务与姓名之间空一格。如属汇报类公文,则标明汇报单位全称,用楷体,三号字,加粗,居中。
如果属录音整理则应在讲话者的下一行注明“根据录音整理”及讲话的时间;如属汇报类公文,则要标注汇报时间。这一行全部用楷体,三号,加粗,居中;这一行往往要用小括号括起来。
二、抬头规范
请示、报告、函等公文应有明确的抬头。有抬头的,抬头顶格。一般发往全系统的文件抬头为“各地级市工商行政管理局”;要发往含广州、深圳在内的全系统则为“各地级以上市工商行政管理局”;如果仅发往部分市局则用“珠海、汕头等市工商行政管理局”。发往省局机关内部则是“省局机关各处室、直属各单位”;如果仅发部分处室则是“省局机关有关处室,直属有关单位”;收文单位少的,则直接用收文单位规范简称(见省局电话号码表)。同时发往市局与省局机关处室的,市局与省局机关处室之间用逗号,处室与直属单位之间用顿号。发往其它单位的公文一律用规范名称作抬头。
原则上省局不直接往县级单位发文。
三、纲目规范
1、一级标题。
一级标题为黑体字,标号后用顿号,标题尾无标点符号。一级标题应单独为一段。(例:一、标题规范)
2、二级标题。
二级标题用国标楷体,加粗,标题用括号;标号与标题之间没有符号,标题尾用句号。二级标题原则上应单独为一段。(例:(二)二级标题。)
3、三级标题。
三级标题用阿拉伯数字,标题文字用国标仿宋,加粗;标号与标题之间用小园点(要用全角),标题尾用句号。三级标题可根据实际情况单独或不独立设为一段。(例: 3.三级标题。)
4、四级标题。
四级标题用小括号阿拉伯数字,字体字号与正文一致;标号与标题之间没有符号。四级标题原则上不单独设段。(例:(4)四级标题。)
5、正文。
抬头与正文一律用国标仿宋,小三号,两端对齐,段前空两格(一般是中文两个汉字的距离),标点符号一律用全角。文本用标准A4纸,页面设置用标准格式(即页边距设置为上、下为2.54厘米,左右为3.17厘米,页眉1.5厘米,页脚1.75厘米,文档网络设置为“只指定行网络”,每页44行)。
标题之前空一行;标题与正文之间空一行;正文中一般不出现空行。
四、落款规范
如起草省局文件,应在文章结尾、正文右下角标注时间,但不标注起草单位(落款处发文时盖章);如果起草素质教育中心文件,则应在文章结尾标注单位和时间;如起草领导讲话及汇报等公文,因题注部分已经有作者和时间,不再另添加落款和时间。
如果属录音整理,应在文章结尾标明整理人,整理时间。
其它文体可不标注单位和时间。标注时间用“插入”中的“插入时间”(中文格式)例如“二○一五年五月二十日”。
任何公文、记录、整理都应插入页码。
篇8:高三年级英语作文:Happiness
全文共 1093 字
+ 加入清单Someone asks me what on earthHappinessmeans? I cant give you the exact definition of it, but Im sure if you love and help others, youll get it..
Ill never forget an old lady. She lives in a small house alone. Its said that her husband and her son died in a traffic accident. How bitter her life is!But the old lady often helps others with a smile. Whenever it snows, she is always the first to clean the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of them. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of laughter and love.
But Im sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways.They speak loudly in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy themselves and they laugh at others shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, but they will never get true happiness because they have lost their personality.
Now I know what happiness is. It means kindness, love and unselfishness. Above all, only bringing happiness to others can make you yourself get it.
篇9:2024高考英语写作素材:春节的由来
全文共 4483 字
+ 加入清单The Spring Festival, the most important festival to Chinese. Is China the biggest, the most lively, one of the most important ancient traditional festivals, is also unique to Chinese festival.
Festival, is the beginning of the lunar calendar, another name is called New Years day, Spring Festival is the biggest, the most lively, China one of the most important ancient traditional festivals, is also unique to Chinese festival. Is the most concentrated expression of Chinese civilization. Since the western han dynasty, the custom of Spring Festival continues today. The Spring Festival, generally refers to New Years eve and the first day. But in private, in the traditional sense of the Spring Festival is from the Greek festival of the day or month, 23 or 24 people, until the fifteenth, among them with New Years eve and the first day of the first lunar month. How to celebrate this holiday, in one thousand years of history development, formed some relatively fixed customs and habits, there are a lot of handed down also. During the traditional festival, the Spring Festival of the han nationality in our country and most of ethnic minorities have to hold various celebration activities, these activities are to worship deities, worshiping ancestors, blow away the cobwebs, meet jubilee blessing, pray for good harvest as the main content. Form rich and colorful, activities with strong ethnic characteristics. On May 20, 2006, "Spring Festival" folk have been approved by the state council listed in the first batch of state-level non-material cultural heritage list.
The origin of the Spring Festival has a legend, the Chinese ancient times have a kind of call "year" monster, head long feelers, fierce abnormalities. "Year" the elder deep in the bottom of the sea, every New Years eve just climbed out, swallowed cattle damage lives. Therefore, every New Years eve that day, the people of CunCunZhaiZhai could flee to the mountains, to escape the "year" animal damage. One NianChuXi, from the village outside a begging the old man. Folks a hurried panic scene, only the east village, an old woman gave the old man some food, and urged him quickly up the hill avoid "year" beast, the old man stroked his beard say with smile: "mother-in-law if let me stay overnight in the home, I must have" years "beast." Old woman continue to persuasion, begging the old man smiling without a word. At midnight, "nian" beast into the village. It found the village atmosphere unlike previous years, village east wifes husbands family, the door stick red paper, candle lit the room. "Year" beast was a shake, long a sound. Nearly the door, hospital suddenly spread "banging spluttered" Fried sound, "nian" shuddered, again dare not go up. Originally, "year" the most afraid of red, fire and exploding. At this time, her mother-in-laws door open and saw hospital a red-robed man laughed. "Year" frightened to disgrace, mess up. The next day is the first day, the people of refuge back very surprised to see the village safe. At this point, the old woman was suddenly enlighted, quickly spoke to the fellow villagers begging the old mans promise. This matter quickly spread around the village, people know driven "years" beast approach. (the legend of hakka) from then on, every year New Years eve, families paste red couplets, firecrackers; Household candle lit, keeping stay by age. Beginning in the early morning, still walk close bunch of congratulate friends say hello. This custom spread more widely, Chinese the most solemn of the folk traditional festival.
春节,中国人最重要的节日。是中国最盛大、最热闹、最重要的一个古老传统节日,也是中国人所独有的节日。
节,是农历的岁首,春节的另一名称叫过年,是中国最盛大、最热闹、最重要的一个古老传统节日,也是中国人所独有的节日。是中华文明最集中的表现。自西汉以来,春节的习俗一直延续到今天。春节一般指除夕和正月初一。但在民间,传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶,一直到正月十五,其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。如何过庆贺这个节日,在千百年的历史发展中,形成了一些较为固定的风俗习惯,有许多还相传至今。在春节这一传统节日期间,我国的汉族和大多数少数民族都有要举行各种庆祝活动,这些活动大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。活动形式丰富多彩,带有浓郁的民族特色。2006年5月20日,“春节”民俗经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
春节的来历有一种传说,中国古时候有一种叫“年”的怪兽,头长触角,凶猛异常。“年”长年深居海底,每到除夕才爬上岸,吞食牲畜伤害人命。因此,每到除夕这天,村村寨寨的人们扶老携幼逃往深山,以躲避“年”兽的伤害。有一年除夕,从村外来了个乞讨的老人。乡亲们一片匆忙恐慌景象,只有村东头一位老婆婆给了老人些食物,并劝他快上山躲避“年”兽,那老人捋髯笑道:“婆婆若让我在家呆一夜,我一定把‘年’兽撵走。”老婆婆仍然继续劝说,乞讨老人笑而不语。 半夜时分,“年”兽闯进村。它发现村里气氛与往年不同:村东头老婆婆家,门贴大红纸,屋内烛火通明。“年”兽浑身一抖,怪叫了一声。将近门口时,院内突然传来“砰砰啪啪”的炸响声,“年”浑身战栗,再不敢往前凑了。原来,“年”最怕红色、火光和炸响。这时,婆婆的家门大开,只见院内一位身披红袍的老人在哈哈大笑。“年”大惊失色,狼狈逃蹿了。第二天是正月初一,避难回来的人们见村里安然无恙十分惊奇。这时,老婆婆才恍然大悟,赶忙向乡亲们述说了乞讨老人的许诺。这件事很快在周围村里传开了,人们都知道了驱赶“年”兽的办法。(客家人的传说)从此每年除夕,家家贴红对联、燃放爆竹;户户烛火通明、守更待岁。初一一大早,还要走亲串友道喜问好。这风俗越传越广,成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日。
篇10:高三年级英语作文:mysummerholiday
全文共 701 字
+ 加入清单I had a happy summer holiday because I did many interesting things.
I went to the beach and I swam in the sea.I called my friend and played with them.I visited my grandparents and ate much delicious food.
Then I went to the zoo whit my sister.I was very happy.Because I saw a lot of animals.They were very lovely.So I took photos of all animals.I liked the butterflies best.They were colourful and beautiful.My sister liked it too.
I had a wonderful summer holiday this year.What about you? Can you tell me somthing about it?
我有一个快乐的暑假,因为我做了很多有趣的事情。
我去了海滩,我在海里游泳。我打电话给我的朋友和他们玩。我拜访了我的祖父母和吃很多美味的食物。
然后我去了动物园我妹妹在一起的感觉。我非常高兴。因为我看见很多动物。他们非常可爱。所以我把所有的动物的照片。我最喜欢蝴蝶。他们是五颜六色的和美丽的。我姐姐也喜欢它。
今年我有一个美好的暑假。你呢?你能告诉我关于它的事情吗?
篇11:2024考研英语写作素材:关于元旦
全文共 1983 字
+ 加入清单Most of us look away when we pass strangers. It is the expectional person who stops to help the woman maneuvering her kids and groceries up the staircase. We rarely give up in line or on the subway or bus. Locked into our automobiles, we prefer gridlock to giving way.
当我们与陌生人擦肩而过时,多数人往往把目光移开。要是有人停下来帮妇女哄她的小孩和帮她把食品搬上楼梯,反而会被人看成另类。无论是排队还是乘地铁或公共汽车,我们很少让位于他人。坐在自己的汽车里,我们宁愿堵塞交通也不愿给人让路。
These daily encounters, when they are angry or alien, diminish our lives. When they are pleasant, we feel buoyed. Yet when we sit at home and make resolutions, we think about what we can accomplish in private spaces:home, work. Too many have given up the belief that they control the shared, the public world.
这些日常接触,要是气冲冲的或是使人反感的,那便会减少我们生活的乐趣,要是它们令人愉快,那便会使我们精神振奋。然而,当我们坐在家里做出各种决定的时候,我们考虑的仅是在个人天地--家庭和工作里可以实现的目标。太多的人已经放弃了他们也管理着共享的、公共的世界这一信念。
As individuals we can change the contour of a day, the mood of a moment, the way people feel. The demolition and reconstruction of public life is the result of personal decisions made every day:the decision to give up a seat on the bus;the decision to be patient or pleasant against all odds;the decision to let that jerk take a left-hand turn from a right-hand lane without rolling down the window and calling him a jerk.
作为众人的一员,我们可以改变一天的面貌,一时的情绪,以及人们对某件事的感觉。公共生活的毁坏和重建是人们每日所做的种种个人决定的综合结果。这些决定包括:公共汽车上让座,面对逆境而能容忍或具有乐观精神;让那个笨蛋从右车道往左拐而不摇下车窗骂他蠢货。
Its the resolution to be a civil, social creature. This may be a peak period for the battle against the spread of a waistline and creeping cholesterol. But it is also within our will power to fight the spread of urban rudeness and creeping hostility. Civility doesnt stop nuclear holocaust and doesnt put a roof over the head of the homeless. But it makes a difference in the shape of a community, as surely as lifting weights can make a difference in the shape of a human torso.
这是做一个文明的、社会的人的决定。今天也许是人们为减少腰围和降低胆固醇而斗争的高峰期。然而,反对城市野蛮行为和人际敌对态度的蔓延,也是我们只要愿做就能做到的事。有礼貌不能制止核战争,也不能为无家可归者提供栖身之所,但它的确能改变一个社会群体的面貌,犹如举重定能改变一个人的体形一样。
篇12:2024年高考英语写作素材:劳动节祝福
全文共 2858 字
+ 加入清单五一劳动节,旅游不停歇,领略风光好,提升新境界,亲朋遥相聚,说笑不分离,身体虽疲惫,心里自然美,人间情珍贵。节日虽忙碌,没忘送祝福:劳动节快乐!
Labor Day, travel non-stop, enjoy the scenery, to enhance the new realm, relatives and friends. Together, talking and laughing are not isolated, is physically tired heart, the beauty of nature, the world precious love. The holiday is busy, dont forget to send blessings: a happy labor day!
五一到,扛一筐快乐,背一袋开心,真心送你送顺心;顶一卷如意,举一群幸福,真诚送你送温馨;揽一堆安康,扒一块吉祥,真情送你送舒心,愿你笑容绽放每一秒,五一劳动节快乐!
Five one to carry a basket, happy, happy heart to send back a bag, send you my best; each volume, for a group of happy, sincerely give you send a bunch of warm embrace; Ankang, with a piece of luck, love to send you to comfort, wish you smile every second, Labor Day happy!
编一个短信送给你,写份祝福送给你。五一来临之际,为您送上一份衷心的祈祷与祝福,诚祝您与您的家人度过一个愉快的劳动节!
Write a message to you, write a blessing to you. Five one approaching, to pray and bless you a heartfelt, sincere wish you have a nice day with your family!
携着一缕缕阳光心情妙,伴着一春浓浓芬芳笑容爽,发一段长长祝福万事吉,添一段甜甜回忆情意浓,道一声幸福悠长体安康,愿你五一劳动节生活美满,幸福常。
With the sun continuously wonderful mood, with a thick fragrant spring smile bright, send a blessing all long Ji, add a sweet memories of affective thick, say happiness long body of Ankang, I wish you a happy life Labor Day, happiness always.
劳动虽光荣,心情要放松,平常工作忙,身体好辛苦,五一假期到,外面风光好,快乐和健康,朋友要享到,愿君少烦恼,幸福粘你跑。
Labor is glorious, the mood to relax the body, usually busy with work, good work, five one holidays to the outside scenery, good, healthy and happy, to enjoy friends, wish you happy worry, stick you run.
平时工作太劳累,假期可以按时睡;清除烦恼忘琐碎,开心乐观不后退;真挚友谊诚可贵,短信祝福真实惠;劳动节里心情美,快乐和你永相随。
I work too hard, the holidays can sleep; clear trouble forget the trivial, happy dont retreat; sincere friendship is precious, SMS blessing real benefits; labor day in the mood beauty, happiness and you forever.
又是今年五一到,平安吉祥没烦恼:骑上顺利的单车,背起开心的背包,走上自在的小路,闻着甜蜜的花香,给自己身心一个放松的旅行,自然会得到生命更美好的记忆!五一提醒:必须开心,必须放松!
This year is the five one, peace auspicious not worry: ride smooth bicycle, carrying happy backpack, to ease road, smelling the sweet fragrance of flowers, give yourself a relaxing trip, will naturally be more beautiful memories of life! Five one reminder: must be happy, must be relaxed!
五月微风好春光,槐花栀子竟飘香,五一劳动节又来临,短信祝福送给你,外出旅游要小心,爱护文物和古迹,悠闲自得莫疲惫,健康排在第一位,饮酒千万别开车,平平安安才是真,祝朋友劳动节快乐!
In May a good spring, flower fragrance of Gardenia unexpectedly, Labor Day comes again, SMS blessing you, travel, be careful, protect cultural relics and historical sites, leisurely not tired, health in the first row, dont drink and drive, peace is the true friend, I wish a happy labor day!
平常忙,难游玩,工作多,好疲惫,五一到,假期来,爬爬山,观观海,赏赏花,陪陪家,远烦恼,多欢乐,心情愉,身体健,好朋友,常挂心,送祝福,万事顺。
Usually busy, difficult to play, work, good tired, five one, holidays, mountain climbing, sea view, appreciation of flowers, spend time with family, far more joy, worry, feel good, good health, good friends, often worry, send blessings, maestro.
篇13:八大类应用文常见写作格式
全文共 1923 字
+ 加入清单今天小编为大家分享的是八大类应用文常见写作格式,掌握了对大家写作应用文有帮助!
1.书信
一般书信(包括请柬)包括五个部分:
(1)称呼。信纸第一行顶格写,后面加冒号。
(2)正文。第二行空两格写起,转行顶格。可有若干段落。
(3)结尾。正文写完,如果正文最后一行空格比较多,可以接着写“此致”、“祝”等词语,否则,另起一行空两格或四格写“此致”、“祝”等词语。然后另起一行顶格写“敬礼”、“进步”等祝颂语。
(4)署名。一般写在祝颂词下行的后半行。
(5)日期。写在署名下一行,靠右边写上年月日。
请柬除具有书信的特点外,还要特别写明出席的具体时间、地点。用语要客气有礼貌。
另外,还要注意信封的写法。要写清收信方的邮政编码和详细地址。收信人的姓名、称呼位置居中。称呼是邮递员对收信人的称呼,不宜写“父母大人”、“姐姐”等称呼。发信人的详细地址及邮编要写清楚。如果是挂号信,还要写清发信人姓名。
2.启事
启事的写法是:第一行正中写启事的名称,如“征文启事”。第二行空两格起,写启事内容。末尾右下方分两行写署名、日期。启事的有些内容要十分具体明确,如地址、时间、联系办法等。有些内容就不应写得具体明确,如“失物招领”中有关失物的详情,以防冒领。
3.通知
通知的一般格式是:第一行居中写“通知”二字。第二行顶格写被通知方的名称,加冒号(如果正文已明确了通知的对象,被通知方的名称也可略去)。下行空两格起写正文,如果正文内容较多,可分条写,以便读者把握内容要点。署名和日期分两行写在正文的右下方。
4.电报
在电报专用纸上按要求逐项填写收报人的姓名、地址。电文一般不加称呼,不点标点,不留空格。署名紧接正文,可用对方熟知的略语表示。数字一般用阿拉伯数字表示,每一格最多可写四位数。写电文既要简洁,又要明白,不要因过简而产生歧义,引起误解。
5.新闻
新闻的样式很多,下面简介一下简讯的格式:
(1)标题概括简讯的主要内容。
(2)导语导语是简讯开头的一段话,要求用极简明的话概括简讯的最基本内容。
(3)主体主体是简讯的主要部分,要求具体清楚,内容翔实,层次分明。
(4)结尾是对简讯内容的小结。有些简讯可无结尾。
6.广播稿
广播稿的格式和一般报刊用稿的格式没有什么区别。但要注意收听效果,语言要通俗口语化(书面语改为口头语,文言改为白话),避免因音同字不同造成误解,也不要因念不出标点而产生误解,如“‘希望小学’每个学生都有本《家长捐资助学调查》。”读起来容易使人产生不同的理解。
7.申请书
写申请书的目的是通过向上级或有关主管部门提出自己明确而具体的某种要求并申明理由,以期得到批准。申请书的一般格式是:
(1)标题括事由和文件名称,如“入团申请书”。
(2)正文包括申请原因(含申请者有关方面的基本状况)、事项、理由和要求。
(3)结尾署明申请者和日期。写申请书,事项要明确,态度要积极,言辞要恳切,理由要充分。《1》《2》
8.说明书
说明书要求对所说明对象的介绍既全面又有重点。要客观、准确、简明、通俗,不可因追求文词华美生动而失实,产生误导作用。
应用文为特定需要服务,受到明确的写作目的、专门的阅读对象、一定的使用场合等条件的制约,因此,行文要注重得体:既要准确表达意思,又要适合对方的心理情感,适应特定的人际关系,适应传递信息的环境条件和其他条件。遣词造句既要说得“明”,又要说得“雅”,因此,要学会正确使用一些习惯用语和少量惯用文言词语。
注意:
应用文较之一般记叙文、说明文和议论文,与生活、社会联系更紧密,格式、行文习惯更有规矩。我们无论使用哪种应用文,都必须按其各自规范化的约定俗成的格式来写,不能随意杜撰。
强化常见应用文的格式训练,包括书写要求、行款式样、结构形式、习惯用语,称谓和签署等,这是应用文写作训练的重点。
语言要简明得体,注重规范性。
1)简明。简明是指语言简要、明确,不能象记叙文那样细致描述,也不能象说明文那样具体阐明,更不能象议论文那样逻辑推理。
2)得体。得体是指语言的运用要注意语言环境。这里主要指具体的时间、地点、场合、对象及表达方式等。语言得体首先要注意表达对象。对领导、老师、父母及其他长辈,一般不能用“希”“望”,应该用“请”、“恳请”。应用文中的某些公告,有告之于公的意思,所以表达上应十分客观,如合同、规则等,而有些则不同,如报告、请假条等,带有请示性质,语言应谦敬些,应用文中的书信,带有最重的主观色彩,给不同对象写信,更得强调语言的得体。语言的得体还要注意表达方式。有的应用文要用书面语表述,如计划、总结、调查报告、告示等,有的则强调口语,如发言稿等;大部分应用文在表达方式上用记叙、说明和议论性文字,如果用抒情笔调来写,则显然不得体。
更多热门文章:
篇14:高三英语作文万能句
全文共 707 字
+ 加入清单KNOWLEDGE 知识篇
Activity is the only road to knowledge .
(George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)
行动是通往知识的唯一道路 。 (英国剧作家 肖伯纳. G.)
A free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books .
(Thomas Jefferson , American president)
一个自由的人除了从书本上获取知识外,还可以从许多别的来源获得知识。(
美国总统 杰斐逊 . T.)
A great part to the information I have was acquired by looking up something and finding something else on the way .(Adams Franklin , American humorist )
我的大部分知识都是这样获得的:在寻找某个资料时意外的发现了另上的资料。
(美国幽默作家 富兰克林. A.)
If a man empties his purse into his head , no man can take it away from him , an investment in knowledge always pays the best interest .
(Benjamin Franklin , American president )
倾已所有追求知识,没有人能夺走它;向知识投资,收益最佳。(美国总统 富兰克林. B.)
篇15:高三英语作文:野餐英语日记
全文共 970 字
+ 加入清单导语:你有跟同学一起野餐吗?以下是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的英语作文,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!
May 20th Wednesday Cloudy and drizzle
Yesterday my classmates and I went to on a picnic. According to our plan we would climb the West Mountain.
Early in the morning all of us gathered at the gate of our school, we started of at seven, soon it began to have a little rain. We kept on riding for an hour till we reached the foot of the mountain.
The little rain stopped then. We began to climb. Soon we reached the top of the mountain. How beautiful it was when we looked at the view from the top. We ran. sang, jump, played chess, and had the pictures taken on the top of the mountain. and had lunch on the rocks. How happy we were!
After the lunch we went down the mountain. We got home at four, all of us almost gave out.
【翻译】
5月20日星期三多云细雨
昨天我和同学去野餐。根据我们的计划,我们将攀登西山。
一大清晨,我们都聚集在学校门口,七点出发,很快就开始下雨了。我们继续骑了一个小时,直到我们到达山脚下。
这时小雨停了。我们开始攀登。很快我们到达了山顶。当我们从山顶看风景的时候是多么美丽。我们跑了。唱歌,跳,下棋,并在山顶上采取的照片。在岩石上吃午餐。我们是多么幸福!
午饭后我们下山了。我们四点到家的时候,我们几乎都出去了。
篇16:2024中考英语写作指导:作文为什么被扣分?
全文共 918 字
+ 加入清单中考英语作文对考生的要求有四点:1、内容要完整。 2、语句流畅。3、没有语法错误。4、书写规范。能达到上述要求的作文,都会得到相应的高分。
一:先看一下扣分点:
1.内容方面:要点缺失,可酌情扣分。比如中考作文“I want to do something for my school”,若没有写一件具体的事情,是要扣3分以上的;若写的事情太过于虚幻,没有实际内容,也会扣1-2分。
2.字数:少于60字的作文要酌情扣分。
中考英语作文要求60字以上,标点符号不算,少了就要扣分。但是60字的作文能不能得高分?从我们拿到的实例作文来看,16分以上的作文,没有少于75字的,甚至少于80字的也少之又少。当然,也极少有超过100字的,因为中考试卷的短线格一共80个,在格子下面大约还有2行的空间,可以加20字左右,再多阅卷人就很难看清了,也会影响卷面的美观。所以,同学们如果想让作文得到高分,最好是让字数在75-100字之间。
3. 语法和拼写错误:每个扣0.5,重复错误不计;
4. 标点错误:每4个扣0.5.
二:加分点
除了这些扣分点,还有一些得分点:比如说作文的组织结构分,就是根据学生使用复杂句型、单词和谚语、俗语的情况来加分。
只要文章中有1个亮点,基本就可以争取到1分(3分的文采分是很难全部拿到的)。而这1分的亮点,是可以提前准备的。例如,有一些“万金油”式的复杂句型,例如强调句型、only相关的倒装句等,只要同学们多操练几次,几乎是一定能用到作文当中,从而为自己争取到这1分。
其次就是卷面分
很多家和同学,尤其是部分书法并不是十分整洁的同学,都会关心是否真的有“卷面分”的存在。虽然在阅卷标准里面并没有卷面分这一项,但是这个分数却真切地反映在了同学们的分数里面。
据阅卷老师的经验,在阅卷的时候并不是按这3个部分逐项打分的,而是在第一遍读完全文之后,心里已经形成了一个“印象分”,然后再细读第二、三遍,把印象分分配到各个打分部分。因此,这个“印象分”就非常重要,而同学们的书法,也正是在这个环节,影响到了自己的分数。所以初三的考生,如果书法不好,一定要注意。所谓的书法并不需要写的很漂亮,符合3个简单的标准即可:没有斜体、没有连笔、涂改较少。
篇17:高三年级假期计划英语作文
全文共 2359 字
+ 加入清单Have you ever wondered, winter vacation is not long, and after half of the holiday is very busy, everyday go club, string of hezekiah, and his brother and sisters to pieces, no time to write my homework. So, you just have a holiday of a few days ago is very important. Are you going to high efficiency, high quality finish holiday homework. Whether your life regularly? If we set a schedule for yourself, not can better finish holiday homework? In the New Years day, not too can play more at ease?
In my body has a very profound lesson -- last years winter vacation, every day I go out and play, the first few days when is twelve o clock at night didnt go to bed, only more than ten up during the day, clock totally messed up. Brother and sister elder brother elder sister until he saw the house already written assignments, open happy heart to prepare for the holiday, I realise their homework from commencement back until now even havent touched touch! The New Year, because the family relatives, so every day going to someones home New Year, busy as a bee. Everybody happy New Years day, but I fear, not at ease. The days of school gradually close to the, finally temporary prayer feet, careless finished all my homework. Alas, this not only learn nothing, also parents harshly criticized by the teacher.
If I had had a plan, every day to give oneself "assignments", timing, quantitatively and mix. Not only learn the effective, New Years day can also be reassuring to have fun. This shows how important it is to have a good plan wow! Every time, what time sleep; How much homework every day, back how many poems; How many minutes, computer and TV entertainment outdoor activities every day a few hours...
With increasing age level gradually, work also more and more. Now, you have a perfect plan?
你可曾想过,寒假的假期不长,而且后半个假期十分忙,天天走东家、串西家,与兄弟姐妹闹成一片,根本没时间写作业。那么,你刚放假的前几天就显得十分重要了。你要高效率、高质量完成假期作业。你的生活是否有规律呢?如果我们为自己制定一张计划表,不就能更好地完成假期作业了吗?到了过年时,不也就能更加安心地玩儿了吗?
在我自己身上就有一个十分深刻的教训——去年寒假,刚开始几天,我天天出去玩儿,晚上是十二点多才睡觉,白天十点多才起来,生物钟完全乱了套。直到看见家里的弟弟妹妹哥哥姐姐都早已写好了作业,开开心心准备过年时,我才发觉自己的作业从结业典礼拿回来直到现在连碰都还没碰过呢!过年了,由于家里的亲戚多,所以天天都要去别人家里拜年,忙得不可开交。其他人都其乐融融的过年,而我却是提心吊胆,玩的不安心。距离开学的日子渐渐近了,终于临时拜佛脚,粗枝大叶的完成了所有作业。唉,这样不仅没学到什么,还被老师家长狠狠地批评了一顿。
如果当时我有一个计划就好了,每天都给自己“布置任务”,定时定量地完成,并且劳逸结合。不仅学的有效,过年也能安心的玩儿了。这可见有一个好的计划是多么重要哇!每天几点起、几点睡;每天写多少作业、背多少古诗;每天电脑电视娱乐多少分钟、户外活动几小时……
随着年纪级的渐渐升高,作业量也越来越多。现在的你,有一个完美的计划了吗?
篇18:高三暑假英语日记
全文共 734 字
+ 加入清单today is an exciting day. in the morning we had the singing contest. everyone did well in it. somebody sans lyrics and somebody didn’t. when the result came out, only audrey and ellison could be in the second run. vanessa was very sad. but finally she was in the second run. it was really great news for her.
we stayed in our rooms for the whole afternoon. we played cards, slept, read, practiced some english songs for the contest and did out homework. it was a little boring.
in the evening, we had the final singing contest. it was really great. at last, vanessa got the second prize. congratulations to her! all of us were proud of her. edle gave her a bunch of flowers! then we returned to our rooms.
it was really a good day today!
篇19:高三年级英语作文夏令营中英对照
全文共 1539 字
+ 加入清单This summer first mother will give I signed up for the art camp. The summer camp is not like I had imagined it to take us go out to play, but is given priority to with learning. Have students from schools in summer camp, a junior and senior.
Mom and dad took me at half past seven every day sent, until to pick me up from work. In the summer camp we can do the summer vacation homework well, and the teacher will help us to check. Sometimes we play games; Sometimes we learn; And when we do the manual; Every day we have a very rich.
I also met a new friend in the summer camp. We like playing together, we also exchanged their like toys.
Time flies, our summer camp is over. In the end we under the guidance of the teacher held a grand party, invite parents to attend. I also took part in several programs, I in the pantomime "Snow White" out of the white horse prince, although only a few lines but thats to say English. Im not nervous, but I made yuhua district of foreign language primary school students. With my classmates and I could say the crosstalk the thumb and forefinger also obtains the consistent high praise.
My summer camp life is really colorful!
今年暑假一开始妈妈就给我报名参加了雨艺夏令营。这个夏令营不像我想象的那样带我们出去玩,而是以学习为主的。在夏令营里有来自各个学校的同学,有低年级的也有高年级的。
每天爸爸妈妈7点半就把我送去了,直到下班才能来接我。在夏令营里我们可以把暑假作业做好,而且老师还会帮我们检查。有时候我们做游戏;有时候我们学习;还有的时候我们做手工;每天我们过得很丰富。
在夏令营里我还认识了新的朋友。我们很喜欢在一起玩,我们还交换了自己很喜欢的玩具。
时间过得很快,我们的夏令营也结束了。在结束前我们在老师的带领下举办了一个很隆重的联欢会,邀请了家长们参加。我也参加了好几个节目,我在童话剧《白雪公主》里演了白马王子,虽然只有几句台词不过那可是要说英语的。我才不紧张呢,我可是雨花外国语小学的学生。我还和同学和说了相声《大拇指和食指》还得到了一致好评呢。
我的夏令营生活真是五彩缤纷啊!
篇20:优秀英语作文写作指导:六级写作高分七大技巧
全文共 4291 字
+ 加入清单不管做什么是,找对技巧很重要。下面语文迷网整理了英语六级的写作技巧,供大家阅读参考。
一、 长短句原则。
工作还得一张一弛呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
二、 主题句原则。
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、 一 二 三原则。
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!
四、短语优先原则。
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。
其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
五、多实少虚原则
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。
比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospitable 之类的形象词。
再比如: 走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
六、 多变句式原则。
1)加法(串联)都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用:besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语:despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语:then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。举例:This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:When to go, Why he goes away…
5)附加(多此一举)如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
七、挑战极限原则。
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. 如果你可以写出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!