翻译硕士应用文真题【热门20篇】

My hobbies

Different people have different hobbies， I often cycling to play with my classmates. It is especially good for health. It is good exercise.and its one of my hobbies,I enjoy reading very much.For reading books,I can get lots of knowledge from reading,and get a sense of the outside world,its wonderful.我的爱好

不同的人有不同的爱好。我经常骑自行车玩和同学一起玩。它特别对健康有好处。这是很好的锻炼。除此之外读书是我的另一个嗜好，我很喜欢读书。至于读书，我可以从中学到很多知识，并且对外面的世界有了了解，那真是太美好了。

Last night, I had an interesting dream.In the dream I accidentally got a

magic pen with which I could write beautiful Chinese characters.Then I took part

in a calligraphy competition.With the help of the pen I got the first place. I

became famous soon and a lot of people came to beg me for some characters.I felt

very proud of myself.But when I picked the pen up and wrote down a character, I

found it very ugly.The pen no longer had magic. I was frightened into cold

sweat.Seeing this, people understood what was happening.They all laughed at me

and said that I was a cheat.I tried to find some place to hide but couldnt find

any.

昨天晚上，我做了一个有趣的梦。在梦中，我意外地得到了一支魔笔，用它我可以写出漂亮的汉字。然后我参加了一个书法大赛。在魔笔的帮助下我获得了第一名，很快我出名了，许多人都向我求字。我感到非常自豪。但是当我拿起魔笔，写下一个字时，我发现那个字非常丑。魔笔不再有魔力了，我被吓出了一身冷汗。看到这些，人们明白发生了什么事情。他们都嘲笑我，说我是个骗子。我竭力想找一个地方躲起来，却无容身之地。

In the growing up, each person will not be smooth, often will encounter a lot of sorrow and troubles.

Remember I carefree as a child, had to play, play to eat. But as the growth of the age, to enter the school, homework more and more every day, to back of the book is also more and more. Will be at six in the morning mother cried at 7 o clock that into an endorsement, and carrying a heavy schoolbag go to school. Always because of a composition in school and exams, and they were afraid their exam is bad, being criticized by the teacher, be mother scold.

Remember once, I got eighty, found that is not careful to do wrong, the in the mind is very sad. Thought after go home, mom to give me some comfort, but given my surprise, my mother did not give me comfort, but also scolded me, said: "not, you wont do, you are careless, as in this case, how can you get into a good high school? Go, take my mother to buy the homework do 2 pages, and then show it to me check." My in the mind very sad, but still dragging tired ShenQu walked into the study, I saw the textbook of word, dizzy, I thought, if only I could lie on the bed to sleep ten days that how good ah! But thats impossible.

You know, in the process of the growth of life there are a lot of joy, nor without trouble, when you have had a trouble of "attack", that youre one step closer to success.

在每个人成长的过程中，都不会一帆风顺，经常会遇到很多伤心事和烦恼事。

记得我小时候无忧无虑，吃了玩，玩了吃。可是随着年龄的增长，进入学校，每天的作业越来越多，要背的书也越来越多。每天早上六点就会被妈妈谎说成七点叫起来背书，并且还要背着沉重的书包去学校。在学校里总是因为作文和考试而烦恼，就怕自己考不好，被老师批评，被妈妈骂。

记得有一次，我考了八十几分，发现都是自己不小心做错的，心里非常伤心。本以为回家之后，妈妈能给我一点安慰，可出科我意料的是，妈妈不但没有给予我安慰，而且还骂了我一顿说：“看，不是你不会做，都是你粗心大意造成的，像这样的话，你怎么能考上一个好中学呢?去，拿妈妈买的课外作业做二页，然后拿给我检查。”我心里很难过，但还是拖着疲倦的身驱走进书房，我看到课本上密密麻麻的字，头发晕，心想，要是我能躺在床上睡个十天八天的那该多好呀!可那是不可能的。

要知道，在人生的成长过程中有很多欢乐，但也少不了烦恼，当你经历了一次烦恼的“袭击”，那你离成功就更近一步。

Yesterday, I decided to go outside for picnic, but unfortunately, it

suddenly rained.I felt very disappointed, but I knew one thing: next time, when

I decide to do something, I should pay attention to the weather

forecast.Finally, I had to change my mind, and I had to stay at home all day

watching TV and reading books.I like sunny days very much, and I dont like

rainy days any more. But I know if there are no rainy days, there will be a lack

of water, and I know it is very terrible if there is not enough water.But I

still like sunny days because I like sunshine very much.

昨天我决定去野炊，不幸的是突然下雨了，我感到很失望。但我知道了一件事，下次当我决定做什么的时候，应该留意一下天气预报。最后，我不得不改变我的主意。整天呆在家里看电视和书。我很喜欢晴天，一点也不喜欢下雨天。但是我知道如果不下雨的话，我们就没有水，那很糟。但我仍然喜欢晴天，因为我非常喜欢阳光。

语言的特点

掌握应用文写作语言的特点，即语言的信实性、针对性、规范化和专门化

作者运用语言的能力，主要体现在对各种文体语言的敏感和自觉把握、开拓上。应用文因其要交流业务、传递信息、宣传政策、一探讨问题，甚至需录存凭证的实用要求，其语言必然具有一些自身的特点：

1、信实性

要使各种信息得到读者的信任，其语言就应信实可靠，去伪存真，弃浮留实，不言过其实，在真实中获得自己的生命。要做到语言的信实必须做到以下几点：

(1)要掌握表述的分寸。在当用与不当用、偏高与偏低、偏大与偏小之间加以区分;事物的范围、性质要描述和归纳得恰如其分。要求表述的含义清楚，词语的内涵、外延明确，一切会导致歧义、多义和似是而非的象征、隐喻等等都应在排除之列，以免引起误解而致误导。如"成绩"与"成就"之分，"错误"与"缺点"之分，"大多数"与"绝大多数"的不同，"部分"与"大部分"的界限。

(2)表现要诚达。"诚"，就是要求有实实在在的内容，不能空话连篇，言之无物;不能装腔作势，哗众取宠;"达"，就是要求语言能原原本本地把内容表达清楚，忌浮言、假话。如介绍商品，性质、功能、售后服务、价格等都须实事求是，不吹嘘、不护短，才能在感情上取得顾客的信任。那些"王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸"的花言巧语，那种动辄"领导世界新潮流"、"誉满全球"的陈词滥调只会失信于读者，最终削弱商品的竞争力。

(3)数字要精确，字词运用要恰当。借助极富科学性和说服力的数字，发现问题、分析问题、解决问题。但应慎重，不能混用。如数字发生变化时表达要清楚，"增加了多少"与"增加到多少"并不一样;有关数字的词语要概念明确，比如"以上"、"以下"、"不足"、"超过"、"小于"、"大于"的用法不应给读者造成疑窦，如不要在"100公斤以上的"、"100公斤以下的"之后给读者留下"100公斤的"该怎么办的问号。

2、针对性

即看对象说话。许多应用文的语言，受客观环境和政策法规的制约，都应看准表述对象，因人、因事、因时、因地而异，不可千篇一律。给领导看的，要求语言庄重，文字简约;给群众看的，则要求深入浅出，语言通俗;介绍一件商品，要注意具体的对象、环境、内容和要求，做到随机应变，以获得最佳的传播效果。针对性强，就能使文章有的放矢，有助于解决问题。

3、规范化和专门化

应用写作的语言不同于其他写作，以书面语言为主。尤其在某些文种中，如命令等，只能用书面语言而不能掺杂其他语体，并大量使用规范化、专门化的词语。体现出以下特点：

(1)具有词语的稳定性与选择性的统一。所谓词语的稳定性，是指某些固定的词语相对稳定地使用于某些应用文。如介绍信的开头总以"兹有"开启下文，许多公文的结尾都以"特此"收束全文。所谓词语的选择性大多数的应用文都有一套比较固定的规范性习惯用语，供人们在写作时选用。这些习惯用语多用于应用文的标题、开头、引文、过渡与结尾处。例如：开头用语中的鉴于、为、为了、由于、遵照、按照、根据、随着、兹有、奉、近来等;结尾用语中的本、为荷、为要、为盼、此令、此复、希即遵照执行、希酌情办理、现予公布。特此函达、以上报告，请审核、当否，请批示、以上妥否，请指示等。

(2)具有句法的稳定性和灵活性的统一。所谓句法的稳定性，是指某些类型的句子在应用文中占有很大的分量。如总结中要汇报情况，请示时要阐述原因，求职信中要作自我介绍等，主要使用陈述句。应用文在有所陈述的基础上，往往要提要求，无论是上级对下级，还是下级对上级。如"以上通知，请遵照执行"，"以上请求，望领导批准为荷"等等。所谓句法的灵活性，是指在稳定性的基础上，适当地求新、求变。灵活恰当地选用句式，可使行文变化多姿，从而增强文章语言的表达效果，增强文章的外在美。例如，对事物下定义时宜用长单句、判断句;叙述事物时宜用短句;发号施令时宜用短句、单句、主动句。总之，选用什么样的句式，要根据表述内容灵活掌握。

(3)力求简洁，具有庄重感。应用文中，经常使用一些文言词语，如常用的有"经、业经、业已、兹、兹有、兹将、特、者、荷、取、于、而、则、为、为此、与之、依、逾、至、其、亦、以、尚、须、未、予、示、之……"，可增强文章的庄重感。

(4)用图式替代语言文字。图式包括图、画、符号、照片、表格、公式等。在应用文特别是科技应用文中大量使用，成为一种常见的辅助书面语言，从而形成应用文语言的又一大特色。

My classroom is nice and big . There are fort desks and chairs in the classroom. There are two black boards on the walls. And there are two pictures, too. My classroom has eleven lights and twelve fans. What colour are the fans ? They are blue. At the coner, there is a shelf , many books are in the shelf. I like the books very much.

This is my classroom , it is very nice. I like m classroom very much . Do you have a nice classroom, too ?

我的教室是非常大。堡有课桌和椅子在教室里。有两块黑板在墙上。有两张图片。我的教室有11盏灯和12个风扇。风扇是什么颜色的?他们是蓝色的。锥形筒子络筒机,有一个书架,许多书在书架上。我非常喜欢那些书。

这是我的教室,它很漂亮。我非常喜欢m教室。你有一个漂亮的教室吗?

[英语作文我的教室翻译

Fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival, also called DuanYangJie,

afternoon day festival, may festival, ai festival, terminal five, C______,

midday, summer day. Although the name is different, but all around the custom of

the peoples holiday is the same. The Dragon Boat Festival is Chinas two

thousand years old customs, on this day, every family hanging mo_a calamus,

dragon boat racing, eating zongzi, drink realgar wine, swim all ills, sweet

bursa.

Today is the Dragon Boat Festival, you know the origin of the Dragon Boat

Festival? ! I dont know! Let me tell you! Do you remember the patriotic general

chu qu yuan? I to say him!

Qu yuan is the warring states period abroad, very learned. He beside the

king a few to image is his country rich and strong. Treacherous court official,

listen to the words, bad king king chu qu yuan _iaoZhi e_ile. In e_ile, qu yuan

heard that chu capital held by the enemy, and the people suffer, very

indignation. Falls on this day, he came to the miluo river edge, with a stone,

in order to jump jumped into the miluo river. Abroad people hear that cast jiang

qu yuan was very sad. They rowed steadily to salvage qu yuan, with tears in

their eyes, also threw rice dumplings into the river feed the fish, hope that

the fish dont harm the body of qu yuan. This is may duanyang the origin of

zongzi.

The Dragon Boat Festival has a lot of interesting activities. Columns such

as dragon boat racing, hanging sachet, sachet, cinnabar, realgar, _iang,

outsourcing to wire cloth, fragrance 4 e_cessive, again the five-color silk

string into a rope buckle, for all kinds of different shape, form a series,

variety, and e_quisite. Have the habit of hanging mo_a leaf, calamus.

There were so many activity in the Dragon Boat Festival!

农历五月初五为端午节，又称端阳节、午日节、五月节、艾节、端五、重午、午日、夏节。虽然名称不同，但各地人民过节的习俗是相同的。端午节是我国二千多年的旧习俗，每到这一天，家家户户挂艾叶菖蒲，赛龙舟，吃粽子，饮雄黄酒，游百病，佩香囊。

今天是端午节，大家知道端午节的来历吗?!不知道吧!那就让我来告诉你们吧!你们还记得楚国那位爱国大将屈原吗?我来说一说他吧!

屈原是战国时期出国人，很有学问。他在楚王身边做官，以形象是自己的国家富强起来。昏君楚王却听信奸臣的话，把屈原削职流放。在流放中，屈原听说楚国的都城被敌人占领，百姓遭难，悲愤极了。五月初五这一天，他来到汨罗江边，怀抱一块石头，以纵身跳入汨罗江中。出国的百姓听到屈原投江的消息，都十分悲痛。他们含着泪划着船赶来打捞屈原，还把粽子扔到江里喂鱼，希望鱼儿不要伤害屈原的身体。这就是五月端阳包粽子的来历。

端午节还有许多有趣的活动。列如赛龙舟，挂香囊，香囊内有朱砂、雄黄、香药，外包以丝布，清香四溢，再以五色丝线弦扣成索，作各种不同形状，结成一串，形形色色，玲珑夺目。还有挂艾叶、菖蒲的习惯。

端午节的活动可真多啊!

理想的学校,即一所好学校,总的评判标准是其在育人方面的贡献程度.而要有高质量的教育教学水平,我认为有以下方面.

首先,在器物层面上,我认为一所好学校不一定要有现代的高楼大厦,简朴、富有文化底蕴的建筑物或许更有利于教育教学.但是,良好的绿化环境和干净整洁的面貌必不可少.

其次,在制度层面,学校要有高效率的管理制度、教学制度.这些制度好比人体的骨架,起着贯穿和支撑全局的作用.

再次,在精神层面,学校要有先进的、明确的办学理念,这是学校一切教育教学活动的指导思想.

最后,教育是培养人的活动,由教师具体完成.一所学校必须有高水平的教师,所谓高水平包括：扎实的专业知识、过硬的教学能力、良好的道德素养等等.

拥有以上几点,即是我梦想的学校.

一、结构的含义和作用

1.掌握结构的含义应用文的结构，是运用材料以表现主题的有序安排，是客观事物条理性在文章中的反映，为文章的组织形式和内部构造。文章的结构具有两重含义：一是宏观结构，即文章的总体构思、大体框架;二是微观结构，即对文章的层次、段落、开头、结尾、过渡、照应和主次的具体设计。2.了解结构的作用结构好比文章的骨架，是安排文章的具体形式，是将材料化为文章的手段之二。结构是表现主题的手段，是准确表达主题的必由之路，也是引导读者领会文章思想内容的向导。写文章只有找到恰当完美的结构形式，才能把主题和材料组合在一起，形成一个完美有机的整体。其作用具体表现在：

(1)使文章言之有体。应用文大多有较固定的结构形态，它是人们在长期写作实践中经过选择，逐步找到的最适合表现某种内容的最佳形式，也称之为“程式”。如简报、书信和行政公文类文书，具有相当固定的惯用格式。

(2)使文章言之有序。合理安排文章结构，就是根据一定的思路，将零散的材料组织起来，使之眉目清楚地成为一个有机的整体。

(3)使文章言之有文。精心安排文章结构，可以增加文章的文采，从而增强其可读性。

二、安排结构的条件

1.了解思路的含义及思路与结构的关系

在文章结构的两重含义中，总体构思是具体设计的前提和基础。总体构思也就是人们常说的“言有序”，是指对材料的安排要有次序，这体现了作者的思路。思路是安排结构的条件。

1、思路的含义

思路是作者思维活动的路线，是作者在头脑中梳理、组织内容材料的过程和结果。它是作者对客观事物自身条理性的观察、理解。

作者思路清晰，结构必然有条不紊;作者思路不清晰，结构必然紊乱。经过选择的材料，只有经过合理的组织安排，使之条理化、系统化，组成一个有机的整体，才能准确鲜明地表现既定的主题。

2、思路与结构的关系

在写作构思阶段，作者的思维活动异常活跃。确立主题，选择好材料，并进而考虑如何表达主题和如何安排材料，由此逐渐形成一条清晰、连贯、独到的思维活动路线——思路。此时，文章的大体框架已在作者的头脑中“闪现”出来。等到作者用书面语言把思路表达出来时，文章的结构也就具体安排好了。因此，作者思路与文章结构的关系极为密切。具体表现为以下三点：

(1)思路是形成结构的基础和内核。结构是文章最主要的表现形式。要使结构完整、严谨、匀称，动笔前，就需要作者匠心独运，形成清晰、连贯并具独创性的思路，进而“外化”成纲目清晰、严谨周密的结构。但是，文章反映客观事物，决不是对其原始形态的简单搬抄和复制，而是在符合客观事物发展规律基础上的主观创造。因此，不同的作者。不同的文体有不同的思路。思路开阔而有创见，文章的结构就新颖独特;思路狭窄而落俗，会使文章的结构板滞僵死;思路紊乱，文章的条理就必然不清;思路松散，文章的结构就不可能严密紧凑。(2)结构是思路的体现和反映。结构是思路的外显形式和文字载体。思路严密清晰，文章结构才能完整、严谨、清晰，主题才能得以准确地表达;思路紊乱、疏漏和闭塞，文章则会逻辑混乱、言而无序、首尾不能圆合。

2.了解锻炼思路的基本要求及锻炼思路的方法

(1)注意思路的条理性和逻辑性，使之清晰、周密、连贯。清晰，指展开思路要有顺序、有层次，同时对材料要加以区分和归类。周密，指思路要周到、严密，没有疏漏和缺损，不要顾此失彼，自相矛盾。连贯，指思维活动过程及其表达不仅要注意外在的次序，而且要处理好各个意思之间存在的衔接、并列、转折、因果、总分等内在联系，做到气脉贯通、流畅。

(2)注意思路的灵活性、独创性，使之活跃、开阔、敏捷。活跃与开阔，是指思路的开展要打破思维定势，进行多向探索，使之灵活、新颖而富有个性。敏捷是指思路的展开、梳理直至成型这一过程应该灵敏、迅速，使文章结构紧凑、气势流转而顺畅。

(3)养成良好的思维习惯。一是养成有序思考问题的习惯，由浅入深、由表及里、由此及彼。二是加强逻辑思维能力的训练。应用写作主要靠逻辑思维，要遵循“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”这一认识规律。

(4)写作前要通盘思考，立足于写作意图、目的和所用文体特点，确定如何起笔，主体分几个部分展开，怎样收尾。

一、语言的特点

掌握应用文写作语言的特点，即语言的信实性、针对性、规范化和专门化

作者运用语言的能力，主要体现在对各种文体语言的敏感和自觉把握、开拓上。应用文因其要交流业务、传递信息、宣传政策、一探讨问题，甚至需录存凭证的实用要求，其语言必然具有一些自身的特点：

1、信实性

要使各种信息得到读者的信任，其语言就应信实可靠，去伪存真，弃浮留实，不言过其实，在真实中获得自己的生命。要做到语言的信实必须做到以下几点：

(1)要掌握表述的分寸。在当用与不当用、偏高与偏低、偏大与偏小之间加以区分;事物的范围、性质要描述和归纳得恰如其分。要求表述的含义清楚，词语的内涵、外延明确，一切会导致歧义、多义和似是而非的象征、隐喻等等都应在排除之列，以免引起误解而致误导。如"成绩"与"成就"之分，"错误"与"缺点"之分，"大多数"与"绝大多数"的不同，"部分"与"大部分"的界限。

(2)表现要诚达。"诚"，就是要求有实实在在的内容，不能空话连篇，言之无物;不能装腔作势，哗众取宠;"达"，就是要求语言能原原本本地把内容表达清楚，忌浮言、假话。如介绍商品，性质、功能、售后服务、价格等都须实事求是，不吹嘘、不护短，才能在感情上取得顾客的信任。那些"王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸"的花言巧语，那种动辄"领导世界新潮流"、"誉满全球"的陈词滥调只会失信于读者，最终削弱商品的竞争力。

(3)数字要精确，字词运用要恰当。借助极富科学性和说服力的数字，发现问题、分析问题、解决问题。但应慎重，不能混用。如数字发生变化时表达要清楚，"增加了多少"与"增加到多少"并不一样;有关数字的词语要概念明确，比如"以上"、"以下"、"不足"、"超过"、"小于"、"大于"的用法不应给读者造成疑窦，如不要在"100公斤以上的"、"100公斤以下的"之后给读者留下"100公斤的"该怎么办的问号。

2、针对性

即看对象说话。许多应用文的语言，受客观环境和政策法规的制约，都应看准表述对象，因人、因事、因时、因地而异，不可千篇一律。给领导看的，要求语言庄重，文字简约;给群众看的，则要求深入浅出，语言通俗;介绍一件商品，要注意具体的对象、环境、内容和要求，做到随机应变，以获得最佳的传播效果。针对性强，就能使文章有的放矢，有助于解决问题。

3、规范化和专门化

应用写作的语言不同于其他写作，以书面语言为主。尤其在某些文种中，如命令等，只能用书面语言而不能掺杂其他语体，并大量使用规范化、专门化的词语。体现出以下特点：

(1)具有词语的稳定性与选择性的统一。所谓词语的稳定性，是指某些固定的词语相对稳定地使用于某些应用文。如介绍信的开头总以"兹有"开启下文，许多公文的结尾都以"特此"收束全文。所谓词语的选择性大多数的应用文都有一套比较固定的规范性习惯用语，供人们在写作时选用。这些习惯用语多用于应用文的标题、开头、引文、过渡与结尾处。例如：开头用语中的鉴于、为、为了、由于、遵照、按照、根据、随着、兹有、奉、近来等;结尾用语中的本、为荷、为要、为盼、此令、此复、希即遵照执行、希酌情办理、现予公布。特此函达、以上报告，请审核、当否，请批示、以上妥否，请指示等。

(2)具有句法的稳定性和灵活性的统一。所谓句法的稳定性，是指某些类型的句子在应用文中占有很大的分量。如总结中要汇报情况，请示时要阐述原因，求职信中要作自我介绍等，主要使用陈述句。应用文在有所陈述的基础上，往往要提要求，无论是上级对下级，还是下级对上级。如"以上通知，请遵照执行"，"以上请求，望领导批准为荷"等等。所谓句法的灵活性，是指在稳定性的基础上，适当地求新、求变。灵活恰当地选用句式，可使行文变化多姿，从而增强文章语言的表达效果，增强文章的外在美。例如，对事物下定义时宜用长单句、判断句;叙述事物时宜用短句;发号施令时宜用短句、单句、主动句。总之，选用什么样的句式，要根据表述内容灵活掌握。

(3)力求简洁，具有庄重感。应用文中，经常使用一些文言词语，如常用的有"经、业经、业已、兹、兹有、兹将、特、者、荷、取、于、而、则、为、为此、与之、依、逾、至、其、亦、以、尚、须、未、予、示、之……"，可增强文章的庄重感。

(4)用图式替代语言文字。图式包括图、画、符号、照片、表格、公式等。在应用文特别是科技应用文中大量使用，成为一种常见的辅助书面语言，从而形成应用文语言的又一大特色。

二、语言运用的要求

掌握语言运用的基本要求，即：语言要准确清晰、简洁明了、平实自然、得体妥帖、生动具体

1、准确清晰

准确，即用最恰当的词语和句子如实反映客观事物，表达作者思想。清晰，是指表达时要条理清楚，意思明白。具体应做到：

(1)用词造句要准确。用词准确是指能把握词语遣用的分寸感和合适度。应精选中心词，用准修饰语。能仔细辨析同义词、近义词的用法，对词义轻重。范围宽窄、程度深浅、感情褒贬、语体雅俗、词性差别等都能烂熟于心、姻熟于手。如："分散"和"涣散"都有"不集中"的意思，"涣散"是具有贬义性质的形容词;"分散"是具有中间性质的动词。"士气涣散"就准确，"士气分散"就不准确。另外，应用文常用数字说明问题，揭示事物之间的数量关系，所以数字运用要准确无误。

(2)用词造句要通顺。指合乎语法，合乎逻辑。通顺也是实现语言准确的保证。

(3)要注意语意鲜明。有时由于特殊需要，还必须使用一些模糊语言，即用一些在外延上不确定、表意比较含糊，以及在运用上具有弹性的词语，如"近年来"、"各地"、"时有"、"大多数"。"有关部门"、"条件许可时"等。该类词语使用恰当，不仅能增加行文的灵活性，而且有助于准确地表达意思，但应谨慎使用。

2、简洁明了

(1)简洁。所谓简洁，就是用较少的文字清楚表达较多、较丰富的内容。要抓住问题的关键，把话说到点子上。主要应做好以下四点：

一要善于观察事物，深刻理解事物，明确认识写作对象，把握住问题的关键。

二要反复锤炼，提高概括能力，杜绝堆砌修饰语现象;适当使用缩略语，如"五讲四美"等。

三要删除一切套话、空话、意思重复的话，向繁冗开刀。克服繁琐冗长的毛病是语言简洁的前提。

四要适当地采用文言词语及短语。文言词语(包括成语、典故)行文简练，富有表现力，写作时适当采用，言简意赅。然而，"简"要得当，"简"得让人不明白或产生歧义也不行。绝不能为简而生造词语。乱缩略、滥用文言以及一概排斥某些行文必需的程式化语句。(2)明了。所谓明了，就是指明明白白、清清楚楚，一是一，二是二。要做到明了，一是要考虑周到，言尽意止;二是要注意用词通俗，不用生僻晦涩的字句;三是在运用数字的时候，只须写出计算的结果，而不须表述具体的计算过程。

3、平实自然

应用文用语应平易通俗，浅显流畅。说明事实、讲清道理即可。不搞"曲笔"，不作夸饰，不堆砌辞藻，不追求华丽，不矫揉造作，不用生僻词语，以明白、实在、自然为上。

4、得体妥帖

(1)得体。应用文实用性强，讲究得体。主要应做到以下三点：

一是要适合特定的文体。按文体要求遣词造句，用词、语气、语体风格应符合特定的要求。保持该文体的语言特色和语言风格。如公文宜庄重，调查报告须平实，学术论文应严谨，祝谢哀问需较浓的感情色彩，广告就常用模糊的语言，使用说明书则需具体实在，商业交际文书语言要委婉，合同书的语言则要精确，颁布政策法令应庄重严肃，报喜祝捷要热烈欢快，提出申请该委婉平和，分析问题须有理有据。

二是语言适用于所写的应用文体的需要，做到需要文雅时，决不粗俗;需要委婉时，决不直露;需要明确时，决不含糊;需要模糊时，决不精确。

三是要考虑作者自己的身份，阅读的对象，约稿的单位，写作的目的，甚至还要考虑到与客观环境的和谐一致、恰到好处。比如需要登报或张贴的，语言要通俗易懂;需要宣读或广播的，语言应简明流畅，便于朗读;书信的写作，要根据远近亲疏、尊卑长幼的关系使用相应的语言;公文的写作要根据不同的文种和行文关系而使用相应的语言，否则就不得体。(2)妥贴。语言的妥帖则是指语言要合乎语法的一般规范。

5、生动具体

生动，即言词形象、逼真、有活力，能吸引人。应用文中有些文种的语言也是要求生动的，如讲话稿、调查报告、总结等。选择词语(尤其是动词的运用)时要精心，恰当、传神地运用一些修辞手法，如引用、比喻、拟人、排比等。如某篇调查报告中写当今择偶观时说："婚姻的含金量增大了。"就十分传神。语言具体，可使文章内容有血有肉，说理深刻有力。其关键在于对事物的仔细观察和深入了解。

Bat falling upon the ground was caught by a Weasel, ofwhom he earnestly besought his life. The Weasel refused,saying, that he was by nature the enemy of all birds. TheBat assured him that he was not a bird, but a mouse, andthus saved his life.

Shortly afterwards the Bat again fellon the ground, and was carght by another Weasel, whom helikewise entreated not to eat him. The Weasel said that hehad a special hostility to mice. The Bat assured him thathe was not a mouse, but a bat; and thus a second timeescaped.It is wise to turn circumstances to good account.

一只蝙蝠坠落到地面上来，被一只鼠狼捉住了，蝙蝠哀求讨饶。鼠狼不答应，说它自己最爱和鸟类为敌。蝙蝠便证明它自己不是鸟，只是一只老鼠，因此鼠狼就放了它。

不久这只蝙蝠又坠落到地上来，被另一只鼠狼捉住，它同样地哀求讨饶。那鼠狼说它自己最恨老鼠，蝙蝠证明自己并不是老鼠，而是一只蝙蝠；因此，它第二次又安然地逃离危险了。随机应变乃聪明之举。

[少儿英语作文带翻译：蝙蝠和鼠狼

除非跟随领导出访，翻译室每天雷打不动的工作就是打开电视或收音机，什么BBC、VOA、CNN这些外媒，大家要一边听新闻，一边把里面的信息完整准确地复述或者翻译出来。

另外就是三个人一组，搭伴做交传练习，一个人念一段材料，另一个负责速记，最后一个负责翻译，然后角色互换。每天上午、下午就是不停地练习。慢慢地，在实践积累中，翻译水平就会不断提高。这样高的强度，也难怪被很多人称为“魔鬼训练”。

每年“两会” 前，翻译们会提前一个月左右接到通知，谁为外长做翻译，谁为总理做翻译等等，他们就利用这一个月的时间做准备，调研“两会”热点问题，琢磨记者们会提出什么问题，猜测可能会用到的古诗词。不过不为人所知的一点事，“翻译一般会得到通知，总理今年可能会引用哪些古诗词，翻译室商量一下看怎么翻译”。

Dear Kate,

亲爱的凯特,

This term I moved to a new house and studied in a new school. But I always

missed my friend. My old house was move comfortable than this new house. I

wanted to go back to my old house.

这学期我搬到新房子,在一所新学校学习。但我总是想念我的朋友。我的老房子是比这舒适的新房子。我想回到我的老房子。

Everything was strange for me,so I couldnt study better. I felt nervous in

the first test. And I got bad scores,I felt very sad. The teacher shouted at me.

And then,I felt under too much pressure and very tired. My parents were also sad

with me. When my classmates knew this thing,she helped me,and gave me some

advice. Later,I thought I can be better next time.

一切对我来说是陌生的,所以我不能更好的学习。在第一个测试中我感到紧张。我得到糟糕的成绩,我感到非常难过。老师对我大吼大叫。然后,我感到太多的压力和很累。我的父母和我也难过。当我的同学知道这件事,她帮助了我,给了我一些建议。之后,我想我可以更好的下一次。

I hope to get on well with everyone and get a good mark soon.

我希望和每个人都相处得很好,很快就取得好成绩。

Summer holiday is coming. How excited! I havemade a plan for my summer holiday. First of all, I will go to Hong Kong tovisit my aunt. And then I will stay with her for a while. As Hong Kong is the shoppingparadise, of course, I will ask my aunt to go shopping with me . I will also eatthe delicious food there. And then I will go home. I know that study comesfirst. So I will finish my homework first. After that I will go out play withmy friends. And then I will take a good rest to prepare for my coming back toschool.

暑假即将来临。多么的兴奋啊！我已经为我的暑假制定了计划。首先，我会去香港拜访我的婶婶。之后我会和她呆一段时间。因为香港是购物天堂，当然我会叫我婶婶陪我一起去购物。我还要吃那里美味的食物。然后我就会回家。我知道学习是最重要的。所以回去之后我会先完成我的暑假作业。之后我就会和我的朋友出去玩。再之后我就会好好的休息来为回校做好准备。

Spring Festival is one of the traditional festivals in China. On the 30th day of the year, children should pay a New Years greetings to their elders. People want to be reunited with their loved ones and have a New Years eve dinner. To stay at home, watch "Spring Festival gala", while keeping watch; At 12 am, outside the home, the window, downstairs, firecrackers sound deafening, people set off firecrackers, completely intoxicated in the Spring Festival this festive season.

I spent the Spring Festival at my mother-in-laws house. In the evening, I watched the "Spring Festival gala" as usual, and when it was getting closer to 12, the host was counting down "10,9,8... 3,2,1. As the Numbers approached, the sound grew more and more slowly, and continued until 12 o clock. When the countdown is over, our house is busy! "Happy New Year! Chinese New Year! Youre one year older." Then our family went downstairs and set off fireworks. The other day, my uncle bought a lot of firecrackers. There is a gyro, a little bee, a pearl, a world, and a lot of names. The appearance of firecrackers also has many. Flower face, butterfly... Some of heaven and earth ring 20 hair, some of the world sounds 50, and there is another 100. Of all the firecrackers, the most striking is the sound of heaven and earth. Its about the same size as a small table. I can feed four or five people. It is also heavy and requires two or three adults to move. After a long wait, the other firecrackers were finally finished. Thats the beginning! "Knock! Pa! Bam! Pa! Bam! Pa! ...... "The voice was so loud that it was like a loud thunderclap of thunder.

Although I covered my ears, when the sound was too loud, I could hear it. In the last few rounds, "bam! Bam! Bam! Pa! Wow! The explosion of firework, like a flame, scattered all around. It was a magnificent sight! When I got home, my heart was still very long. Who will clean it up? Of course its my aunt and uncle. In order to make nanjing more beautiful, they would sacrifice the time of the New Year, to be honest, meticulous, meticulous and selfless. And are now on duty of the polices uncle aunts, they in order to make the safety of the citizens have a year, in every corner of the city of nanjing, dedicated to patrol the, thought of here, I entered the beautiful dreams...

春节是我国传统节日之一。在年30这天，小朋友们要给长辈拜年，拿红包；人们要和亲人团聚，吃年夜饭；更要在家，一边看“春节联欢晚会”，一边守岁；等到凌晨12点，家外，窗边，楼下，鞭炮声震耳欲聋，人们放着鞭炮，完全沉醉在春节这欢乐的节日中。

我是在婆婆家过的春节。晚上，我照旧在看“春节联欢晚会”，当离12点越来越近时，主持人进行倒计时“10，9，8……3，2，1。”随着数字的接近，声音越来越缓慢，一直延续着，直到12点。当倒计时数完时，我们家热闹起来了了！妈妈高兴的喊道：“过年啦！过年啦！你又长大了一岁。”接着，我们一家下楼放烟火。前几天，舅舅买了许多鞭炮。有地陀螺，有小蜜蜂，有夜明珠，有天地响，还有许多叫不上名字的。鞭炮的样子也有许多。花脸，蝴蝶……有的天地响20发，有的天地响50发，还有的天地响100发。在这么多的鞭炮中，最引人注目的要数一种天地响。它的个头同一个小桌子差不多。能供四五个人吃饭。它的重量也很重，需要两三个成年人才能搬动。等了好久，终于把其他鞭炮放完了。当头好戏开始了！“嘭！啪！嘭！啪！嘭！啪！……”这声音惊天动地，好似雷公公发怒的巨响。

我虽然捂住了耳朵，当声音实在是太大，还是能听见。到了最后几发，“嘭！嘭！嘭！啪！哗哗哗哗哗！！”炸开的烟花如火焰一般向四周散去，那情景非常壮观！回到家，我的心仍然久久不能平静。谁来清理呢？当然是清洁工叔叔阿姨了。他们为了让南京更加美丽，不惜牺牲过年的时间，认认真真、仔仔细细、一丝不苟、无私奉献地打扫。还有，现在正值班的警察叔叔阿姨们，他们为了让市民们安全的过个年，在南京市的每一个角落，兢兢业业地巡逻着，想到这里，我进入了美丽的梦乡……

I want to be ateacher in the future, because I think teacher is a good job.

My teachers arevery good. Some of them are gentle, but some of them are not. But

I think theyall care for students very much. I want to be a good teacher like

them. I thinkI will be strict to my students in the class. But after class, I

want to betheir friend and help them in study and life. Besides, it can help me

to keep ayoung heart to stay with young students. I must work hard for my

dream.

将来我想成为一名老师，因为我觉得老师是一份好工作。我的老师都很优秀，他们有的温柔，但有的不是这样。但是，我觉得他们都很关心学生。我想成为和他们一样的好老师。我认为在课堂上我会对学生严厉，但是课后我想成为他们的朋友，在生活和学习上帮助他们。除此之外，与年轻的学生呆在一起能够使我保持年轻的心态。我一定要努力实现我的梦想。

As everyone knows,English is very important today.It has been used

everywhere in the world.It has become the most common language on Internet and

for international trade. If we can speak English well,we will have more chance

to succeed.Because more and more people have taken notice of it,the number of

the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed.

But for myself,I learn English not only because of its importance and its

usefulness,but also because of my love for it.When I learn English, I can feel a

different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world.When I

read English novels,I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different

from reading the translation.When I speak English, I can feel the confident from

my words.When I write English,I can see the beauty which is not the same as our

Chinese…

I love English,it gives me a colorful dream.I hope I can travel around the

world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from

different contries.I can see many places of great intrests.I dream that I can go

to London,because it is the birth place of English.

I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the

English spoken people,I hope that they can love our country like us.

I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard

study, one day I can speak English very well.

If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I

believe as I love English everyday , it will love me too.

I am sure that I will realize my dream one day!

Thank you!

亲爱的老师，同学们：

我很高兴可以在这个课堂上做一次演讲。这一次，我想谈谈英语。我的话题是我爱英语。

正如每个人所知，英语在今天十分重要。它已经被应用到世界的各个角落。它已经成为商业上最为通用的一门语言并广泛的用于国际贸易。如果我们能说好英语，我们就有更多的机会成功。因为越来越多的人注意到这一点，学英语的人数正在已很高的速度增长。

但是对我而言，我学英语不仅仅因为它的重要性以及它的实用性，更是因为我喜爱英语。当我学英语时，我可以体会到一种不同的思维方式，它可以给我更多接触世界的空间。当我读英语小说时，我能感受到不同于阅读翻译文的快乐。当我说英语时，我可以感到自信。当我写英语时，我能够感到不同于汉语的那种美……

我爱英语，它给了我一个色彩斑斓的梦。我希望有朝一日我可以畅游世界，用我流利的英语，我可以和世界各地的人交友。我能看到许多的名胜。我希望我能够到伦敦去，因为那里是英语的故乡。

我也希望用我流利的英语来将我们的名胜介绍给说英语的朋友，我希望他们可以像我们一样的爱我们的国家。

我知道，罗马不是一天筑成的。(成功需要日积月累。)我相信在持续不断的努力学习下，总有一天我可以拥有一口流利的英语。

如果你想被爱，你就应该学着去爱他人。所以我相信我对英语的爱定将换来它对我的爱。

我相信总有一天我会实现我的梦!

谢谢!

Hello,every one!（大家好）My name is **** . （我叫****）

Im a 15 years old girl. （我是一个15岁的女孩）（具体情况自己改）

I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao.（我住在美丽的Rizhao城）（你可以把Rizhao改成自己家乡的城市的名称的拼音）

Im an active ,lovely and clever girl.(我是一个活跃的可爱的聪明的女孩）

In the school , my favourite subject is maths . （在学校，我最喜欢数学）

Perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well .（也许有些人认为这很难学）

But I like it.（但我喜欢他）

I belive that if you try your best, everything can be done well.（我相信每件事付出努力就会有害结果）

I also like sports very much.（我也很喜欢运动）

Such as,running,volleyball and so on. （像跑步、排球等等）

If you need help ,please come to me .（如果你需要帮助，就来找我）

I hope we can be good friends!（我希望我们能成为好朋友）

What is the most important thing in the world? I think it is health.You can

take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. But if

our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we always try to eat

in a healthy way and exercise regularly.

什么是世界上最重要的事情?我想，答案应该是健康。我们可以在没有钱、房子、车子，甚至衣服的情况下，活着。但是如果我们的健康被带走了，我们肯定就活不下去了。这就是为什么我们总是努力以一种健康的方式吃东西和规律地运动。

In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like

french fries or cookies. I also eat little meat. I eat a lot of vegetables and

fresh fruit which are full of vitamins. Taking exercise every day helps us build

a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.

为了能吃得健康，我常常避免吃高脂肪的食物，比如炸薯条或甜点。我也很少吃肉。我会吃很多的蔬菜和富含维他命的新鲜水果。每天做运动有助于我们拥有强健的身体。有规律的运动是我们保持身体健康的一个重要部分。

Whats more, I think friends are an important part of ones health. Many

studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than

those who dont. I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am

alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important

part of health. I like to laugh with my friends.

还有，我认为，朋友也是让我们保持健康的重要部分。许多研究显示，有复杂人际关系的人比较不容易得病。当我与朋友一起时，我总是感觉比单独一个人好。当我与朋友一起时，我总是笑声不断。欢笑也是健康的重要组成部分。我喜欢和朋友一起大笑。

By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper

weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as

well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can

manage them. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.

通过合理的饮食和规律性的运动，我可以保持身体健康和体重适中。与朋友一起的时光，可以让我的思想和身体一样开心。这些事情听起来很容易去做，但没有很多人能成功做到。我想，我们如果想要健康，那强大的意愿是需要的。

I like to spring vibrant, I like fruit of their labor to fall, I also like the land of ice and snow in winter, but my favorite was vigorously summer. He came to earth with a warm center of the earth, to show a scene of prosperity.

You vigorous walking, walking down the street, people are buying clothes and shoes, booming, bustling, festive extraordinary to see the girls walking on the street, their clothes are fashionable, bright colors, almost no re-sample I think summer is the girls of the world, is to show the beauty of the season.

You vigorous walking, into the garden, garden flower disappointing fight Yan open, whether it is the Queen of peony flowers, small flowers or no name, are happily greet summer girl, willow by winds, fluttering shook, like summer girl that flowing hair, how beautiful ah! This is a unique scenery summer because summer is beautiful.

You vigorous walking, walking in the market, cries, bargaining sound, together into one, very lively, look purple eggplant, Pie Zhaozui, which is red you smile! That sparkling grape purple, glistening apricot, peach red bite tastes, crisp raw, sour, summer fruit described as paradise.

You vigorous walking, into the fields, sunflowers are facing the open summer girl, put her beautiful smiling face dedicated to summer girl. Four underground struggle. Cicada not miss this great opportunity also for five years, stripped of her clothes that one gold, into the tree, "cicada, cicada" to call, to show it was beautiful summer girl singing, frog hiding grass, quack barking, positive girl summer a summer ensemble hymn it!

Xia, a lively summer; summer, a beautiful summer; I praise you, a charming summer.

This day, the sun is shining, the classmates are nervously waiting for the start of the annual sports meeting.

At eight o clock in the morning, the twentieth sporting events held in our school. Is individual competition held in the morning. Ten point three, on a single ended in applause again. Exciting relay race is held in the afternoon.

In the afternoon, I came to school early and saw a few white line painted on the playground, you know this is a relay circuit.

There are ten minutes to start, have people mountain people sea, on the playground at this time a small audience around the runway. First appeared in a short time, athletes, preschool children. Small students under the guidance of the teacher. Young athletes all perks, there seems to be a real master won the first prize.

Very not easy way for our fifth grade students race, we each spirit, all want to win the title "the first". We stood in the fourth lane, is small in the first start.

1 of "bang", the starting gun. Athletes as pulling-power arrows, try very hard to run forward one by one. To 5 bar, small poem hand slipped, and the bar is not good, we lag behind in fourth place, to the small front, small front dont panic, sat rooted at the foot of the breeze, than the third. It was my turn, I think only two ear ring, with at this moment, I heard the shouts "come on, come on, I have more confidence, use the whole body strength, jump out, but also just ran a third place.

Games ended in the cheers of the students.

这一天，阳光明媚，同学们都在紧张地等待着一年一度的校运会开始。

早上八点，我校举行第二十界校运会。早上举行的是单项比赛。十点三十分，单项比赛再热烈的掌声中结束了。精彩的接力赛是在下午举行的。

下午，我早早来到学校，看到操场上画着几条白线，就知道这是接力赛的赛道。

还有十分钟就开始比赛了，此时的操场上已经人山人海，小观众们把跑道围得严严实实的。不一会儿，运动员出场了，先是学前班的小朋友比赛。小同学在老师的带领下进行比赛。小运动员们个个昂首挺胸，好像有十足的把握夺得第一名。

好不容易道了我们五年级的同学赛跑，我们每一个都精神抖擞，都想夺得“第一名”这个桂冠。我们站在第四条跑道上，第一个起跑的是小进。

“砰”的一声，发令枪响了。运动员犹如离弦的箭，一个个拼命往前跑。传到第五棒时，小诗的手一滑，这一棒没有接好，我们落后到了第四名，传到小锋时，小锋一点也不慌，脚下像生了风似的，终于超过了第三名。轮到我时，我只觉得两耳呼呼地响，此时此刻，我又听到“加油，加油”的喊声，我更有信心，使出全身的力气，扑了出去，但还只是跑了个第三名。

运动会在同学们的欢呼声中结束了。

Human, science and nature, the three phase was quoted rates are inseparable. The wonders of nature, a little thing, through the baptism of the time, and meticulous observation, often can give a person with enlightenment.

Vast forests, sunshine give plants grace, to be able to get the nutrients and thrive. Such as the morning sun open the eyes of animals, everything is ready. Squirrels, squirrel, embarks from the house, looking for full sweet red pine nuts, all kinds of plant seeds and slowly by seeding them to other places. While the weasel feed on smaller herbivores, sable and then ate the weasel... As if people eat the big fish, big fish eat small fish, small fish eat shrimp, shrimp eat plankton, interlocking between RACES, interdependence restricts each other.

Foreign scientists have done an experiment: introduce the sheep in a rare nature reserve, where the bamiyan, natural environment is superior, and there is special personnel to the group of kids to their natural enemies, Wolf, moved to another place. So the sheep started in the breeding. Until grass and low shrubs are eaten, the number of sheep instead of less. Because they live too comfortable, there is no enemy attack, the number that is too carefree life let their constitution also fell. Then the scientists tried to introduce wolves again. The result is in the relationship between predator and prey, good robust species to survive, wolves eat sick defect part. Natural selection and evolution, has been the nature and even the survival of human society the same criteria.

Cut down some trees, is to destroy a part of birds and insects; Killing of bees, small fish, can also cause cannot spread pollen, fish cannot reproduce problem... Sabotaged a part of the food chain, will bring ill-defined disaster. Because in front of the natural fair, each species, each independent individual organisms is so beautiful and full of value.

Because of the diversity of species and colorful nature. Want to live in harmony with her and get the kind of treatment, will be good to nature, to understand the nature, and have good at discovering and innovative mind.

人类、科学、自然，这三者相生相息密不可分。大自然的奇妙之处在于：一件小小的事物，经过时间的洗礼以及细致入微的观察，往往能给人以启示。

广袤的森林中，阳光雨露给予植物恩泽，使其能够得到养料然后茁壮成长。等清晨的阳光掀开动物们的眼睛，一切也准备好了。松鼠、灰鼠从居所里出发，寻找饱满香甜的红松子，各种植物的种子于是慢慢的被他们带到其他的地方落地生根。而此时黄鼠狼以体型较小的草食动物为食，紫貂继而吃掉了黄鼠狼……就好像人吃大鱼，大鱼吃小鱼，小鱼吃虾米，虾米又吃浮游生物一样，各种族之间环环相扣，相互依存相互制约着。

外国的科学家曾做过一个实验：将一种稀有的羊引进自然保护区，那里水草丰美，自然环境优越，并且还有专门的人员为这群天之骄子将她们的天敌——狼，迁往另外的地方。于是羊群开始在此生息繁衍。直到草和低矮的灌木被吃光了，羊群的数量反而越来越少。原来是因为它们生活的太过安逸，没有天敌进犯，数量过于膨胀，太过悠闲的生活让它们的体质也下降了。后来科学家们尝试着再一次引进狼群。结果是在捕食者与猎物的关系中，健壮优良的品种得以存活，狼群则吃掉病弱残疾的部分。物竞天择，优胜劣汰，一直都是自然界乃至人类社会不变的生存准则。

砍掉了某种树林，就等于灭绝了一部分鸟类、昆虫;捕杀蜜蜂、幼小鱼类，也会造成花粉无法传播，鱼群无法繁衍的问题……大肆破坏生物链中的某一环，都会带来难以言说的灾难。因为在公平的自然面前，每个物种，每个独立的生物个体都是如此的美丽而富有价值。

大自然因为物种的多样性而五彩缤纷。想要与她和谐相处并得到其慈祥的对待，就要善待自然，了解自然，并拥有一刻善于发现与创新的心。