减负的英语表达（热门19篇）

Dear John,

I am eagerly looking forward to your visit to our city. After all these

years of writing to each other, I can not wait to see you. However, I regret to

inform you that I will not be able to meet you at the airport on time.

The reason is that your flight will arrive early in the morning, and the

earliest I can reach the airport will be about an hour after you land. Will you

please wait for me in the arrival lounge? You can have breakfast while you

wait.

By the way, as we have never met I must tell you home to identify me: I am

of 165cm tall and have a long hair. In addition, I will wear a white skirt and

carry a China Daily at hand.

Hope we can meet soon.

Sincerely yours,

Alice

导语：中国文化博大精深，英语也是很有趣的哦，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1. all year round 一年到头、终年

例句： We’ve made certain arrangements so that there can be flowers of different colors all year round.

我们已做了精心的安排，以使一年四季都有不同颜色的花朵开放。

2. the seven year itch 七年之痒

例句：Is there so-called the seven year itch between two friends?

朋友之间有没有所谓的“七年之痒”呢?

3. put years on 使某人觉得(显得)老些

例句：Being tired and unhappy put years on him.

由于劳累和心情不好，他苍老了很多。

4. be light years away from something 遥不可及，或指两个事物截然不同、差别很大

例句：Righteous punishment is a thousand light years away from revenge.

公正的惩罚跟报复可差得十万八千里。

5. getting on in years 上了年纪

例句：He is a person who is getting on in years.

他是个上了年岁的人。

6. ring in the new year 新年前夕喜迎新年

例句：We ring in the New Year with the church bells.

随着教堂的钟声，我们迎来了新年。

书面表达一直在历年高考中占有很重要的地位，而且相对于其他题型，书面表达最容易在短期内有所突破。下面小编为大家整理了英语作文的突破技巧，欢迎大家阅读。

书面表达在评阅时遵循语言第一位(语言高级)，内容第二位(要点齐全)，结构第三位(文章分段)的原则，也就是说阅卷老师最注重的是语言，换句话说是亮点，根据语言使用情况，亮点的多少而定出档次，所以同学们在书面表达中语言上的亮点是得高分的关键。

亮点一共有四种：

一、高级词汇和语法;

二、修辞手法;

三、有效的连词;

四、名人名言或谚语。

首先简单介绍亮点当中至关重要的高级语法，以及修辞手法当中的一些技巧的使用。

肯定不如否定好

修辞的使用在书面表达中算作很大的亮点，在高中阶段很少有学生会注重修辞的应用。双重否定也是种修辞，而且对于考生来说，只要稍加注意，可以在文章中设计双重否定的句子。例如想表达“邮递员天天准时到”，如果写成The postman comes on time every day，就不如变成双重否定，The postman never fails to come on time，就变成了亮点句，起到强调作用。几乎每个人对生活的态度都不同程度受到地震的影响，写成双重否定There was hardly a man or a woman whose attitude

towards life had not affected by the earthquake.应用类似的修辞会在高考中为同学们加分。

陈述不如倒装妙

在书面表达中阅卷老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种：倒装，强调，从句，独立主格和分词结构，以及虚拟语气。倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。在高中阶段只需掌握倒装的四种形式，足以应对书面表达，如何应用倒装，有很多方法和技巧。

否定词开头

如果写出的句子中有否定词， 例如I will never marry you. 不如变成倒装，用否定词开头Never will I marry you. 就算作使用了高级语法。其他的否定词，如not, seldom, hardly等开头后面的句子倒装都是比较好的句子。

地点状语开头

在很多年的高考书面表达中都有表达地点的句子，一个建筑位于什么位置，或什么地方有什么东西，都可以应用倒装。例如在2006年的全国卷中，图书馆位于学校的中央，Our library is in the center of our school.变成倒装就用地点状语开头：In the center of our school lies our library. 其他的例子，想表达河岸上有很多花:On the bank stand some flowers. 天空中繁星点点：In the sky hang little stars. 总之在想表达地点时就把地点状语放在句首后面主谓倒装。

这样做的好处之一是倒装本身就是高级结构，第二是倒装后把真正的主语放到了句子的末尾，后面还可以继续加从句，使整个句子再呈现更多的亮点。例如In the center of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building.

Only+介词短语

例如在2007年全国卷中，让外教帮你找个笔友，有一句可以表达成只有通过这种方式我才能提高英语，这句话可以写成Only in this way can I improve my English.其他的例子还有Only by taking exercises can we keep healthy.

形容词+as+主语+be动词

例如Young as I am, I can manage it; Rich as our country is, we have a lot of problems. 2000年书面表达中：Badly injured as he was, he managed to take down the

car’s number. 还有其他的倒装结构，很高兴收到的你的来信：So glad am I to hear from you.在高考中要尽量使用一两个倒装。

主动不如被动巧

在近些年的阅卷中，发现考生在写作中很少使用被动语态，也许是受中文思维的影响，几乎整篇文章都使用主动语态。其实在英文中，被动语态的使用是很重要的。因为英语是一门客观的语言，而汉语是主观的语言，具体体现在英语中经常用被动语态，汉语经常用主动语态;英语中经常用物称或形式主语开头，强调一件事发生在什么人身上，而汉语经常用人称开头强调一个人发生了什么事。所以使用被动语态符合英语的习惯，如果能将整个文章中两个句子变成被动语态，就会呈现句型的变化，使整个文章句型丰富。

例如在2006年的高考中，很多学生在表达我们每次可以借五本书最多借十天时，都是用：We can borrow five books at most, and we can keep them for ten days.这句话如果写成：At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days，分数会更高。

分词结构不能少

在前文提到，在书面表达中老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种：倒装，强调，从句，独立主格和分词结构，以及虚拟语气。在所有的高级语法中，阅卷老师最喜欢看到的是独立主格和分词结构，其次是剩下的几项。但很多学生不知道如何在文章中使用这个最大的亮点。其实几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构，时间状语从句，原因状语，条件状语等。例如条件状语从句：If such is the case, you should apologize to her. 如何变成独立主格或分词结构呢?学会下面的口诀，如果你的作文中有状语从句，马上可改成独立主格或分词结构这个最大的亮点。

口诀：一去，二看，三改。一去：去连词;二看：看主语;三改：改分词。

If such is the case, you should apologize to her.按照这个口诀来改，第一步，去掉连词if;第二步，看前后两句话的主语，前后主语不一致，所以要改成独立主格;第三步，改分词，is 变成分词是being，所以最后变成Such being the case, you should apologize to her.就变成了独立主格。

如果前后两句话主语一致，就变成分词结构，例如2005年高考书面表达中的一句话Because I am a student, I’d like to know the price for students. 改成Being a student, I’d like to know the price for students.其他想表达状语从句的时候几乎都一样。所以想表达由于，因为，如果等都写成独立主格或分词结构会让阅卷老师多给几分。

以上技巧有语文迷小编整理，看过后你真的学到了吗?

使大家能在短期内提升分数，建议大家着重复习写作这个模块，而写作要想取得理想成绩，则需要地道的语言表达，因此，新东方在线英语六级频道特别为大家精选整理作文中最为常见的习惯表达，望助大家一臂之力。

一、指出现象或争议话题

Ever since…, there have been ongoing disputes over…

自从……起，就有对于……的持续争论。

With the increasing concerns about…, people are calling for…

随着对……的日益关注，人们呼吁……

… draws the public’s attention once again to…, a repeatedly discussed yet constantly unsolved social issue.

……再一次吸引公众的注意力至……，这是一个经常讨论但一直未得到解决的社会问题。

二、引出各方观点

There exists a philosophy that…

有一种观点认为……

While many advocate…, I believe it’s a better idea to…

尽管很多人支持……，我认为……更好。

Quite many are disgusted by this kind of…, because it goes against the traditional Chinese virtue of…

很多人都反感……，因为它有悖于中国的传统美德。

三、表示赞同

It is apparent that it is a more sensible choice to…

很明显，……是更为明智的选择。

…should be encouraged, because it is a rewarding journey, promised with

…应鼓励……，因为它所带来的回报奇迹丰厚，并且允许……

It is fair to say that … is a plausible and advisable option for…

客观来讲，……对于……是合理且明智的选择。

四、提出建议

In my opinion, there are three aspects to be improved so that…

我认为，要改进的方面有三点，以便……

It would be better if…

如果……会更好。

五、引用名人名言

As … rightly/ aptly put it, “…”

正如……恰如其分地提出……

As is maintained by …，“…”

正如……提出，……

… is the golden rule to stick.

……是一条金科玉律。

六、举例说明

A case in point is…

一个恰当的例子是……

The recent incident happened in … proves …

最近发生在……身上的一件事情证明了……

A simple example can be drawn from…

一个简单的例子就是……

According to figures/statistics /the findings/data released by an institute, …

根据某机构发布的数据/研究结果，……

七、阐述原因

The epidemic of … is brought / caused both by … and by…

……的出现是由于……和……造成的。

One of the chief causes of… is the fact that …

……的主要原因之一是……

The upsurge of … is resulted from two-fold factors ——…

……的出现源于双重因素——……

八、做出总结

In conclusion, it takes the endeavor of both … and … to …

总之，……需要……与……的努力。

It is hence not difficult to see that …/It therefore can be said that …

因此，不难看出……/ 因此，可以说……

From what have been discussed above, it can be concluded that …

从以上讨论内容可归纳，……

九、发出号召或警示

The situation, if unchecked, will lead to …

如果不加以制止，情况将走向……

If not dealt with properly, …

如果处理不当，……

What may be a point of concern is …

可能需要关注的是……

十、表示过渡(承上启下，使新观点不至于显得突兀、武断)

There are no less than three advantages in… as rendered below.

在……方面，至少有三项优点如下显示。

Another reason why I advocate the attitude of…is that…

我支持这种观点的另一个原因是……

What’s more, 而且

Last but not least, …

最后但同样重要的是……

减负后，你有了更多的可自由支配的时间。请写一篇短文，记述你上周末的活动及感受。内容需包括：

1. 你和父母或你和同学(朋友)的一次外出活动;

2. 你的自主学习活动;

3. 你的感受。

注意：1.不可逐条翻译;2.词数不少于100词。

【参考范文】

Since our learning burden was reduced, we have had much more time to enjoy ourselves and develop our own abilities.

Last Saturday, I, together with my friends Zhang Ming and Li Hua, went to the bookstore. We had intended to buy some books to be used as extra homework. But we found that there were so many wonderful books, such as Chicken Soup for the Soul, that we just could not bear to put them down. At last after much mental struggle, we each bought 5 books, including 3 different copies of Chicken Soup for the Soul, so that we could exchange after reading.

Of course I did not forget my academic study. After I finished my homework, I previewed what to be learned in the next week. I also went online to get some information about what I did not understand in my studies, from which I gained a lot of knowledge.

In a nutshell, reducing the learning burden not only gives us more time to have fun but also offers a freedom to develop on our own.

Dear Ms. Reinhart,

I am terribly sorry that I failed to arrive at BLCU last Friday. I hope

that this did not mess you up completely, although I know that you had already

made some special arrangements for my visit with you parents and friends. I am

very sorry about all that. I am sure you will be sympathetic, however, when I

tell you that my father is dangerously ill in hospital, and that I found it

impossible to leave for the visit when he is in this state.

My father was working very hard on his project on protecting the

environment. I know the project has come to a very important stage. He and his

assistants did not take regular rest for three weeks. Last night, my father had

a heart attack and was soon sent to the hospital. The doctor said my father was

in a very serious situation, and, he might need an operation.

24 hours have passed. Nothing has changed. I have to stay at the hospital.

I will let you know if there is any good news.

I am sorry again and look forward to seeing you soon.

Yours sincerely,

Tom Williams

Throw out nonessential numbers. This includes age, weight and height. Let the doctor worry about them. Thats why you pay him/her.

Keep only cheerful friends. The grouches pull you down.

Keep learning. Learn more about the computer, crafts, gardening, whatever. Never let the brain idle. "An idle mind is the devils workshop.

And the devils name is Alzheimers."

Enjoy the simple things.

Laugh often, long and loud. Laugh until you gasp for breath.

The tears happen. Endure, grieve, and move on. The only person who is with us our entire life, is ourselves. Be ALIVE while you are alive.

Surround yourself with what you love, whether its family, pets, keepsakes, music, plants, hobbies, whatever. Your home is your refuge.

Cherish your health: If it is good, preserve it. If it is unstable, improve it. If it is beyond what you can improve, get help.

Dont take guilt trips. Take a trip to the mall, to the next country, to a foreign country, but NOT to where the guilt is.

Tell the people you love that you love them, at every opportunity.

AND ALWAYS REMEMBER: Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take our breath away.

一些无关紧要的数字不要挂怀，包括你的年龄、体重和身高。让医生来操心吧。因为他们收了你的报酬。

结交快乐的朋友。整日愁眉不展只能让你雪上加霜。

享受简单事物的乐趣。

多笑，开怀大笑。上气不接下气地笑。

有泪就流。在忍耐和伤心过后，要继续前行。陪伴我们度过此生的只有一人－－那就是我们自己。让生命鲜活起来。

让你的所爱包围着你，无论是家人、宠物、纪念品、音乐、植物、爱好，什么都好。你的家就是避风港。

珍惜健康：如果它还好端端的，就好好地保护它。如果它反复无常，就调养好它。如果你已无力改善它了，就请别人帮忙吧。

别踏上犯罪的道路。你可以去逛街，可以到邻县去，可以出国旅行，但就是别踏上犯罪的道路。

把你的爱告诉你所爱着的人们，把握住每一个表达机会。

千万记住：度量生命的不是呼吸的次数，而是那些最最难忘的时刻。

[英语作文之把握住每一个表达爱的机会

When pigs fly

猪可不能飞起来!这是不可能的事，因此正是成语本身想表达的意思。例如，当你听到有人说，"Do you think Mary will quit her job now that shes pregnant?"另一个人就回答，"Yeah, when pigs fly! There is no way she is giving up her career!"当他或她在使用表达方式 when pigs fly时，意思是Mary绝对不可能辞职。

Get in someones hair

如果你get in someones hair，你并没有爬到别人的头上!其实，意思是你烦扰到了他们-可能是你侵入了他们的私人空间。例如"Susan was trying to prepare dinner, but her children were getting in her hair!" 意思是Susan的孩子们在她做饭的时候烦她。如果有人烦扰到了你，你就可以说，"Get out of my hair!"

Hit the ceiling

天花板可离我们的头远着呢，那么要撞上天花板也不是件容易的事-除非你非常生气!如果有人hits the ceiling意思是他们正表现出非常生气的样子。例如，"When Carols son got an F on his report card, she hit the ceiling!"意思是Carol对她儿子考试不及格非常的愤怒。

Knock someones socks off

现在，要pull掉别人的袜子还有些可能-但是要knock掉别人的袜子要该怎么做呢?当然是通过让他们惊奇兴奋并印象深刻喽!例如，"You should see Toms new car! Itll knock your socks off, its so amazing!"意思是Tom的车令人称奇!

Bite the bullet

如果要试着咬一颗子弹味道会是怎样呢?不太好吧。那么为什么会有人bite the bullet呢?只有在勇敢的忍受或面对困难的处境时他们才会这么做。例如"She had to bite the bullet and give in to her bosss unreasonable demands."意思是她在老板提出苛刻要求时表现的勇敢坚强。

Drive someone up a wallpigs

车是不能开到墙上去的，那么谁能drive you up a wall?是惹你讨厌的人!例如，"My mom is driving me up a wall! She wont ever let me stay out late."意思是母亲不让我在外面呆得晚让我感到非常的讨厌。

Dear Anne,

Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.

Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your family,

because I will be fully occupied then for an important exam coming the day after

tomorrow. I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy

get-together, and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time. Is it possible for

you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so, please dont hesitate to

drop me a line about your preferable date. I do long for a pleasant chat with

you.

Please allow me to say sorry again.

Regards,

Li Ming

Since our learning burden was reduced, we have had much more time to enjoy ourselves and develop our own abilities.

Last Saturday, I, together with my friends Zhang Ming and Li Hua, went to the bookstore. We had intended to buy some books to be used as extra homework. But we found that there were so many wonderful books, such as Chicken Soup for the Soul, that we just could not bear to put them down. At last after much mental struggle, we each bought 5 books, including 3 different copies of Chicken Soup for the Soul, so that we could exchange after reading.

Of course I did not forget my academic study. After I finished my homework, I previewed what to be learned in the next week. I also went online to get some information about what I did not understand in my studies, from which I gained a lot of knowledge.

In a nutshell, reducing the learning burden not only gives us more time to have fun but also offers a freedom to develop on our own.

There are a lot of annual public holidays in China, such as Labors Day, Childrens Day and National Day. But I think we should celebrate another holiday -- Farmers Day.

Why should there be Farmers Day?

First of all, China is a large agfieukural country. The majority of the population is farmers. Farmers play a vital role in China. They provide food, without which we cannot live. Also, farmers support industry with various kinds of raw materials.

Most farmers work hard from dawn to dusk, with little time to rest or entertain themselves.

Some people look down upon farmers because they think they do not do "mental labor."

I suggest there should be a Farmers Day to show respect for the 800 million farmers in China. This would help people realize the contributions farmers make to society and would raise their social status.

很多学生在作文时最大障碍就是用英语表达意思很困难。对于这一点，首先要树立信心。实际上，大部分考生都受过正规的大学英语教育，即使是一些自学的考生，其英语水平也足以写好一篇考研作文。关键在于要把这种潜力挖掘出来。《朗文词典》(Longman的Dictionary)的最大特点，就是用2000个核心词来解释几十万个词条，而且词条大都有几个义l项。由此可见，并不一定要用多么复杂l的英语来表达，也不一定非得添加一些高难度的单词以加深判卷老师的印象。事实上，简单的语言也能表达复杂的事物。著名的美国作家海明威的作品以其明白晓畅的语言吸引了千千万万的读者，就是一个明证。

Dear Mr. Smith,

I am indeed very sorry that I missed the examination on International

Business English Writing you gave last Friday. I feel awful about it and want

you to know what happened that day. I suddenly fell sick early that morning and

my parents had to send me to the hospital. Please find enclosed a copy of the

medical bill. I sincerely hope you can understand my situation and accept my

apology. I would appreciate your allowing me to take a make-up examination. I

will come to your office during your office hour on Monday to discuss this

possibility with you. Once again, I apologize for any inconvenience caused.

Sincerely yours, Wang Hua 范文 4 Directions: One of your pen friends, John, will

be visiting your city. However, for some reasons, you can not meet him at the

airport on time. Write a letter asking to wait for you at the airport and tell

him how to recognize you. Your letter should be no less than 100 words. You

don’t need to write the address. Don’t sign your own name at the end of the

letter, use Alice instead.

Sincerely yours,

导语：英语作文经常要我们介绍同一个地方，下面是yuwenmi小编为还在备考的同学整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

一、“地址”的表达

(一)表示“在某村”：in + the village of + 村名。如：

In the village of Huaxi在华西村

(二)表示“在某县”：in + 县名 + county。

In Lingtai county 在灵台县

(三)表示“在某市”：in the city of + 市名。

In the city of Beijing 在北京市

(四)表示“在某省”：① in + 省名+province。② in the province of +省名。如：in Shanxi Province 在陕西省

(五)表示“在门牌号，街道”：at +门牌号(基数词) + 街道名+ (Street/Road)。如：at 1203 Washington Street在华盛顿大街1203号

at 88 Pingliang Road 在平凉路88号

(六)综合表达是：at +门牌号+ 街道名+ Street, in the city/village of +村名/市名, in +县名 + county, in the province of +省名。

【注意】①英语表示地址是从小地名开始，逐步到大地名。②如地名过多，可多用几个表示地点的介词，不要多用表示领属关系的介词of。③ 除门牌号用介词at, 其他均用介词in。

1.confident 自信的

2.hysterical 歇斯底里的;异常兴奋的

3.mischievous 搞怪的(人、行为等)恶作剧的;淘气的;有害的

4.smug 自鸣得意的;自以为是的;整洁的

5.surprised 惊讶的

6.bored 无聊的;烦人的;无趣的

7.shy 羞涩的，害羞的

8.ashamed 羞愧的，惭愧的

9.happy 高兴的，欢乐的

10.depressed 沮丧的，意志消沉的

11.shocked 震惊的，极其惊讶的

12.frustrated 失意的，挫败的;泄气的

13.hopeful 满怀希望的，充满期望的

14.proud 骄傲的

15.angry 愤怒的，气愤的

16.confused 迷惑的，不解的

17.suspicious 怀疑的，多疑的

18.indifferent 冷漠的，漠不关心的

提示：

1 教会如何生活 过分溺爱

2 指出缺点，指明方向 强加兴趣、价值观

3 教会富有爱心 希望值过高

要求：

1、根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文通顺连贯;

2、词数110左右;

3、开头已给出，不计入单词总数。

Recently, we have had a discussion in our class about whether parents are our best teachers. Some students……

参考范文：

Recently, we have had a discussion in our class about whether parents are our best teachers. Some students agree to the point because they think parents help to point out their mistakes in their lives. They teach them a lot about how to live a meaningful life. What’s more, parents’ love helps to teach them how to love others. So parents are their most important teachers.

However, not all of us hold the same views. Some think that their parents give them too much love, and they are too eager to pass on their values and interests to them. Moreover, their parents sometimes expect too much of them, which makes them feel their goals too difficult to reach.

In my opinion, parents are our important teachers. But parents should also try to understand their children more and limit the generation gap.

Dear David:

I am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having

answered your letter dated 7, December sooner, but when I have told you the

reason, I trust you will be convinced that the neglect was excusable. When your

letter arrived, I was just in Hong Kong. As my family could not forward it to me

during my absence, it has been, therefore, lying on my desk until the moment

when I took it up. Now the first thing I have to hasten to do is to write to you

these few lines to express my deep regret.

I enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip. I shall be pleased to give

you an account to of them when I see you next.

Sincerely yours,

表达情绪的18个英语词汇：

1.confident 自信的

2.hysterical 歇斯底里的;异常兴奋的

3.mischievous 搞怪的(人、行为等)恶作剧的;淘气的;有害的

4.smug 自鸣得意的;自以为是的;整洁的

5.surprised 惊讶的

6.bored 无聊的;烦人的;无趣的

7.shy 羞涩的，害羞的

8.ashamed 羞愧的，惭愧的

9.happy 高兴的，欢乐的

10.depressed 沮丧的，意志消沉的

11.shocked 震惊的，极其惊讶的

12.frustrated 失意的，挫败的;泄气的

13.hopeful 满怀希望的，充满期望的

14.proud 骄傲的

15.angry 愤怒的，气愤的

16.confused 迷惑的，不解的

17.suspicious 怀疑的，多疑的

18.indifferent 冷漠的，漠不关心的

中国民间有“官三民四船五”的传统，官家的小年是腊月二十三，百姓家是腊月二十四，水上人家则是腊月二十五。我们北方地区的习俗是腊月二十三过小年，小年这一天是中国整个农历春节庆祝活动的开始和伏笔。

由于外国人不过小年，所以在英文中确实没有小年的准确词汇或释义，多数都是中国人来进行定义和描述的短语或翻译，孰优孰劣还需要您来分析了。

1.【xiǎo nián】

这就是音译了，看来这应该是最准确的翻译了，汉语拼音，哈哈。

2.【off year】

这一解释出于《汉英大辞典》，off year是目前使用最普遍的翻译，但是这个翻译却并不贴切，因为off year在英文解释中表示“非大选年”的意思，被中国人转义为“小年”，同时off year在英文中还指果树、竹子的歉收年，所以off year的译法与我们中国小年的祭灶习俗等活动完全是风马牛不相及。

3.【a lunar year (in which the last month has 29 days)】

这一解释出于《上海译文汉英大辞典》，意思指农历腊月是小建的年份，也就是说，农历腊月只有29天，没有年三十的年份。同时《外研社汉英双语现代汉语词典》中也有类似解释。

在《汉英词典》中出现的对于小年的解释：festival on the 23rd or 24th of the 12th month of the lunar year, when sacrifices are made to the kitchen god 意思是节日，腊月二十三或二十四日，旧俗这天祭灶

小年习俗的英语翻译：

4.小年的风俗 Off-year customs

小年除了祭灶仪式外，前前后后还有许多风俗。如扫尘、贴对联、剪窗花、洗浴婚嫁等。可以说“小年”是“大年”春节的序曲，在民间人们把这段时间称之为“迎春日”。

1)扫尘 Sweeping the Dust

为了迎接灶王爷，人们清除灶灰、扫墙，俗称“扫尘”。按民间的说法：“尘”与“陈”谐音，扫尘有“除陈布新”的含义，其用意是要把一切“穷运”、“晦气”统统扫地出门。这一习俗寄托着人们破旧立新的愿望和辞旧迎新的祈求。因此，到处洋溢着欢欢喜喜搞卫生、干干净净迎新春的气氛。

2)灶王爷 The Kitchen God

小年前夕，大街小巷的杂货铺、百货摊都代卖“灶王爷”像。这种木版水印的神像，大多来自“版画之乡”——天津杨柳青。那和蔼、肃穆、善静的灶王爷盛装端坐，给人以一家之主的感觉。人们都要“请”回来一帧新的灶王爷像(不能说“买”)，来代替陈旧不堪的灶王爷像。

3)写对联 Write couplets

家家户户都开始写对联。神灵前的对联特别讲究，多为敬仰和祈福之言。佛龛神像的两侧要贴上一副对联，上联写“上天言好事”，下联写“下界保平安”或“回宫降吉祥”，横幅是“一家之主”。因为紧靠春节春联也一并写成。民间讲究有神必贴，每门必贴。内容丰富，妙语联珠。

4)剪窗花 Paper-cut for window

所有准备工作中，剪贴窗花是最盛行的民俗活动。内容有各种动物、植物等，如喜鹊登梅，燕穿桃柳，孔雀戏牡丹 ，狮子滚绣球 ，二龙戏珠，莲年有鱼，鸳鸯戏水等。

5)洗浴理发 Bath and Haircut

大人、小孩都要洗浴理发。民间有“有钱没钱，剃头过年”的说法。

6)举办婚事 Marriage held

过了二十三，民间认为诸神上了天，百无禁忌。娶媳妇不用择日子，称为赶乱婚。直至年底，举行结婚典礼的特别多。

经过小年的扫尘，处处焕然一新。新贴的春联，抬头见喜。活灵活现的门神，保佑着平安。精美的窗花、五彩的年画和花团锦簇的灯笼，无不显示着小年之后，人们喜气洋洋开始迎接除夕过大年了。

导语：你会用英语表达时间吗？下面是yuwenmi小编为还在备考的同学整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

一、“年、月、日、小时”的表达

(一)表示“在某年”：

① in + 阿拉伯数字(读的时候用基数词，从后到前，分两截来读)。如：

He was born in 1971. (1971读作nineteen seventy-one)

②使用year时，year放在数词之前。如：

in the year 253 B.C. (253 B. C. 读作two five three B.C. ) 在公元前253年。

(二)表示“在某月”：

in +月份名词(开头第一字母要大写), 如：in January / February。

(三)表示“在某月某日”：

① on + 月份+ 序数词(th可省略, 但读时要念出来)。如：

National Day is on Oct. 1.

② on + the + 序数词+ of + 月份。如：

National Day is on the 1st of October.

(四)表示“在某整点钟”:

at +基数词 (+ oclock / sharp)。如:

Our meeting will begin at five oclock.