英语作文动物狗【汇总20篇】

I have a pet dog named Lucky. It has white and soft furs with two small ears and a long tail.

It is given by my aunt as my birthday. It is so friendly and lovely that we all love it very much. It likes playing balls outside so I often take it our for a walk.

It also likes to be clean so I wash it and make it clean twice every week. I often feed it with dog food and sausages. It likes one of my best friend. I often play with it after school.

Puppy vigilance is unusual， it has a special sensitive nose， can smell three miles away the breath， eat food， it is always lower the head to smell。 It also has a pair of ears， whenever hear the sound of the special， its ears will stand up and listened attentively outside action！ Thus， people keep it to see gate， it is human loyal friend。

The puppy has a wide and big mouth， mouth a row of white and sharp teeth， it can be a a big mouse bite dead！

The dog has a vigorous limbs， it ran very fast， one minute can run 2， 3 miles！

The puppy eyes arent very good， can only see about a mile away。 So， why can it certain things？ It is mainly rely on its nose。

The puppy claws are sharp， need not long time， it can dig a big round pit。

The puppy was born， the hair is brown， but it will no longer be when I grew up brown， and turned to dark yellow。

The dogs character is very gentle。 If you are good to it， it will use the top of the head of your legs， as if in pettish to you; But if you are a stranger came to the home of the it， it will still be "bark" barked， even will jump on you bite you you。

Summer arrived， a hot day， we often can see dogs always sticking out their tongues， not dog perspire？ The reason is very simple， that is because the dogs long sweat pore on the tongue。

The dog really deserves to be loved by people， this is it acquired at the cost of their real ability。

小狗的警惕性非同寻常，它有一个特别灵敏的鼻子，能闻到3里以外东西的气息，吃食物时，它总要低下头闻一闻。它还有一双耳朵，每当听到特别的声音，它的耳朵总会竖起来，认真地倾听着外面的动静！因而，人们养它来看大门，它是人类的忠实的朋友。

小狗有一张宽而大的嘴巴，嘴里有一排洁白而又锋利的牙齿，它一口就可以将一只大老鼠咬死！

小狗有着矫健的四肢，它跑得速度非常快，一分钟可以跑二、三里路呢！

小狗的眼睛不很好，大约只能看一里的距离。那么，它为什么能看准东西呢？它主要靠得是它的鼻子。

小狗的爪子很锋利，不用多长时间，它就可以挖一个很大的圆形的坑。

小狗刚生下来的时候，毛是棕色的，可是它长大以后就不再是棕色的了，而变成了深黄色。

小狗的性格非常温和。如果你对它好，它就会用头顶你的腿，好像是在向你撒娇;可是如果是陌生人来到它的家里，它仍会“汪汪”地叫个不停，甚至会扑到你身上咬伤你的。

夏天到了，大热天，我们常常可以看见狗总是在吐舌头，而不见狗出汗呢？原因很简单，那是因为狗的汗孔长在舌头上。

小狗真不愧为人们所喜爱，这是它用自己真正的本领换来的。

在维持自然平衡中，每种动物都有其作用。下面就是小编跟大家分享一篇初二英语作文保护动物，欢迎大家阅读！

保护动物初二英语作文一：Protect endangered animals

There are more and more endangered animals at present,so how to protect them has been our task of top priority . Its wrong for people to hunt animals for their meat and feather,for they are our good friends.We should protect them instead of killing them.Giant pandas,which are one of the endangered animals,live in the forests and live on bamboo lealves.They can just live safely in the natural protection zones.We should stop killing animal and protect them.

保护动物初二英语作文二：How to protect the animals？

Animals are our friends.But how to protect them? government is working to protect all animals in danger,and has made lots of plans to save animals. On the other hand, we shouldn’t eat wild animals.We should keep them away from our dinner. That way,there will not be wild animals on sale. I think the hunters and killers will become fewer and fewer.

Last, we should protect the environment.We should stop people from cutting trees down. Without trees, wild animals will lose their home. And we will lose our animal friends. All of us should try our best to protect animals.

We need to protect animals better.We should give them fresh water to drink.We should make the forests bigger for animals in danger to live in.We should advice people not to kill animals beacause they are our friends!

保护动物初二英语作文三：Save the Wild Animals

Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction, because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example, with the developmet of cities, the using of insecticide and serious pollution, their living areas have become narrowcr and narrower. Many of the wild animals, now are confronted with food crisis. At the same time, man is killing off species just for getting their fur, skin, horns, teeth and meat.

In order to protect our resources of ecology, people should realize that the loss of any species is at least the loss of source of knowledge and a source of natural beauty. There fore, measures of the following should be taken: pollution standards are made to keepdown poisons; killing off certain rare species is prohibited; national parks should be set up as wild life, reserves.

Only if we human beings take some drastic measures can wild animals be preserved.

保护动物初二英语作文四：Protect Panda

The giant panda is known as the national treasure of China. The panda was a kind of ordinary animal in China long ago. However, for some reasons, too many of them have been killed. So the number of them is falling quickly.

At present people are taking an important measure to save pandas. People want to find a home for them, and recently, they have set up a nature park for them in Sichuan Province,which is called "Pandas Home. "There pandas can enjoy their life happily. There is a bamboo forest near the Pandas Home. So the pandas can find bamboos easily which they like to eat very much. .

Because pandas are well protected now, the number of them is increasing every year. We hope that one day we will have enough pandas to set them free and let them live in the wild again.

Pandas are good friends of man. Man should try to protect them and ]et them live in the way they like!

[初二英语作文保护动物

My favourite animal is the giant panda. The giant panda or panda is a bear living in central western and south western China. Most pandas live in Sichuan province. Pandas are adorable because of their distinctive black patches around eyes, ears and across its round body. Pandas are China’s national treasures. They’re among the world’s most adored and protected animals. Pandas are the star attractions in the Beijing Zoo. Experts say that despite their sweet public image, pandas are capable of attacking humans, especially if they feel threatened.

Why should people care? Because we need animals, and because once they are gone, there will never be any more.Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks, the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice, with no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied quickly.

Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or planton the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.

黄思源

我养了一条小狗，是姑姑从市场里捡回来给我当玩伴的。

它有着一身雪白的毛像雪似的，中间夹着数块黑色的毛发。黑白相间，白的显得越白，而黑的显得越黑。一双黑溜溜的大眼睛像两颗小灯泡。

它的性格实在是有些古怪。刚开始还不认识我的时侯，不仅成天不吃饭，还天天往外跑。等它认识我了后，天天呆在家守家，凡是有生客进来，它必然厉声叫器，甚至马路上有人走过，它也要朝人大叫几声。 它也很热情。我每次回家，它就会在车门囗迎接我下车，我一下车它就朝我摇尾巴，不停地围着我打转，好像在说“欢迎回家”。

每次我离开家，它会跟在车后跑，直到知道已经追不上了，它才会慢慢停下来，直到车已离开它的视线，看不见了，它才会慢慢地往家走。

我可爱又活泼的玩伴——小狗。我爱你，祝你更加快乐，健康长大。

My dogs character is weird. Say it is gentle, it is really obedient. Let it lie there tease it to play, the United States and the United States looked at me, soon as not out. However, when it is eating, no matter who, that is, usually the best friend to its side will not work. It is so fierce, it is true ah, or how friends do not go to it around it? However, it came to see my grandfather will hide, for fear that grandfather see, because grandpa played it, it is so Gall bladder

If it is happy, can be cute than anyone else: turn around and turn around, the back of the tail shake to shake, as if you are affectionate. Or when you walk, rushed to your pants, let you stop walking.

It is a child can be pleasant to love! Just came to our house just full moon, the road is still bad, they learned to play their own. Walking around in the house, I do not know what to find, round little ass twisted, people laugh. Where is he beautiful, suddenly, hit the mans legs, back a few steps back, buttocks hit the wall again. Although it hit two, but it did not cry at all.

Then I do not know where to find a small ball, went to the yard to play. The small ball Diao Diao to go. It bite it all can not see the way.

I always like it and never say it. Look at it so lively and lively, not enough I like it, how could it be said?

dog is my favorite animal among all the animals. As we all know, dog is a lovely animal. i love it not only because of its cute shape, but also because of its loyalty. it will never betray its master. another reason why i love dog is that dog can make me happy. when i am sad, it will do everything he can to cheer me up and forget the unhappy things. so i will love dog for ever and ever.

在我见过的动物中，我最喜欢在我老家的狗狗小黑了，它从我出生起就伴随着我。

它有一身乌黑油亮的毛，一个黑色的鼻子镶嵌在脸上。最有趣的是它的长尾巴，每当见到我时，它都会摇摇尾巴，好像在给我敬礼。

它不仅长相可爱，耳朵也灵！每当听到门口有丁点的动静，就会汪汪大叫；若是有人进来，它也随时保持警惕。我和哥哥每次出去玩，它都会尾随，保护我们的安全。

据说我家的小黑还经历过一次劫难，最后“起死回生”了。记得那天舅妈送我和哥哥去上学，它就跟着出来了。突然发现门口有个洒满毒药的火腿肠，嘴馋的小黑，一个箭步过去吞了下去，当场就口吐白沫，命悬一线。幸好外婆发现及时，用送去兽医站给它进行冲灌洗胃，拉回了徘徊在生死边缘的小黑。

小黑可是个看家小能手呢！夜里，大家都卸去一天的疲惫放松休息的时候，它总是精气神十足的盯着大门口，有了它的看护，我们家从没有丢过东西。

这就是我喜欢的小黑，既能看家护院又惹人喜爱！

Recently, our efforts to protect wild animals was questioned by the public,

because the news is keep reporting that more and more wild animals was killed by

human beings, especially the very precious one. Innocent animals was dead for

their meat, fur and tooth, it was just used to fill up human beings desire. In

my point of view, the wild animals were protected effectively still has a long

way to go.

Firstly, people should try harder to make a better place for animals. The

land where the wild animals live was deprived by human being. For hundreds

years, people cut the trees to make land for their living and farming, wild

animals homeland was took, they have no choice but run away. What is more,

human beings break the food link in nature; wild animals can not find enough

food to keep alive. There is no doubt that the destruction of nature has become

a big problem to kill wild animal, for instance, a polar bear was starved to

death because of the greenhouse effect, the ice was melt away, the seadog and

fish that polar bear like to eat are far away from them. For those reasons,

people should protect the environment first if they want to protect wild animals

effectively.

Second, no buying, no killing. Some rich people like to wear fur coat, they

treat it as a status symbol, especially for rich woman, they think animal fur is

beautiful and warm, they will never consider that the fur they wear for years is

the skin that animal wear for their whole life, and they knew how bloody when

people took the fur from animal but they choose to ignore it. If people do not

buy the fur and tooth, lots of wild animals will be survived.

In sum, wild animals are our friends, we should give back and protect their

homeland, and stop buying their body part, or our future generations will see

them in zoo and museum.

I have a puppy in my house. It has a pair of round yo eyes, two lips, and a flexible little nose. It is white, especially the abdomen, like a dog put on a white clothes. I love it very much.

It walked up to head high, but also step by step, really like a man of grace. It is always used to urinate the hind legs against a tree, but also head down, as if very shy. Sprinkled out immediately to leave, as if afraid of being known to others. Look at it naughty look, funny.

It is very timid, if you just take the palm of your hand, it scared immediately into the bed. But it is so brave, do not say that met the kitten and chicks, is the case of bad people it dare to fight a bucket, the reason why it became the protection of our family "Peoples Liberation Army."

Puppy it is a lot of amateur, the new things can be interested after, it is often in my painting, staring eyes, but also mimic the action of the painting, that amused me laughed.

I like my dog, every day after school I have to play with it play, it brought me a lot of fun.

Writing (图画提纲式议论文)

Our Right Attitudes Toward Animals

Your essay should meet the requirements below:

1)Describe the cartoon and deduce the purpose of the drawer of the cartoon;

2)State the negative effects of eating wild animals; and

3)Give your suggestion as to how to solve the problem.

考研英语作文范文

As is depicted in the cartoon, both the cat and snake are on the table, with tears in their eyes, waiting to be eaten by humans. Through this picture, the drawer condemns the eating of wild animals.

Eating wild animals gives rise to a lot of negative effects. In the first place, as many wild animals carry parasites, when we eat them, the parasites enter our bodies, thus causing a lot of illnesses. In the second place, since animals are an indispensable part of our environment, the extinction of some animals may disturb the natural balance. Last but not least, eating wild animals is cruel.

Since eating animals causes so many harms, we should work together to put an end to the problem. On the one hand, the government should make stricter laws to prohibit people from eating wild animals. On the other hand, all the people should realize the harms of eating wild animals and refrain from doing so.

狗是人类的好朋友，你喜欢狗吗?下面小编为你整理的我喜欢狗初一英语作文，希望对你有帮助! 我喜欢狗初一英语作文篇1

I like dogs, because they are man s good friends. They can do many helpful things to us, such as guarding our houses, greeting guests, helping the police, and so on. Some trained dogs can even lead the blind people and save people s lives. So they re treated as our family members. I hope someday dogs will be in great harmony with human-beings.

我喜欢狗，因为它们是人类的好朋友。他们可以为我们做很多有用的事情，如，保护房子，问候客人，帮助警方等等。一些受过训练的狗甚至可以引导盲人、拯救人们的性命。所以他们都被当做是我们的家庭成员。我希望有一天狗能与人类和谐共处。 我喜欢狗初一英语作文篇2

Dog is my favorite animal. The reason why I like it most is because it’s very competent. Dog is the best friend for mankind. It is also the best companion for the old people. The dog can feel the human nature. So many old people will raise dogs if their children are not with them. The old can give their love for their children to the dog to make themselves feel warmly. I believe the seeing eye dog is very famous. They are special dogs. Those dogs will guide their owners whose eyes is blind to go the correct way. See, I say dogs are very competent.

我最喜欢的动物是狗。我最喜欢它的原因是因为它很能干。狗是人类最好的朋友。它也是老人们最好的伴侣。狗是通人性的。如果他们的孩子不在他们身边，很多老年人会养狗。老年人可以把对他们孩子的爱放到狗狗的身上，这也能温暖他们的心。导盲犬是非常有名的。他们是特殊的狗。这些狗会引导眼睛看不见的主人找到正确的路。看，我就说狗狗是非常能干的。 我喜欢狗初一英语作文篇3

I like dog.

Dogs are friends of human beings.And it is known to us that dogs are very honest.They can help people do many things when people are out of home .For example ,dogs can take a good care of babies when people go to work.They also can watch the house to make sure that it is safe for his master.Dogs are friendly to people.

In a word, i love dogs better than cats.I prefer dogs because they are loyal to human,besides they are the best friend of humanity.these days ,dogs have become pets of us. they are not in the wild any more.they get put clothes on and wear bowknot.they have fogotten how to prey.as a human, I love dog as a pet but I feel much pity that dogs have lost so much of their instinct.

I like dogs,because they are so clever、beautiful and cute.I can play with them,they are our good friends, and that is why I like him a lot.i regard dogs as better pets .first ,they are faithful to hosts.we have heard lots of stories about dogs faithfulness.second,they are lovely . there are many cute pictures of dogs on internet.besides,they are brave . when hosts are in danger , dogs often try to rescue their hosts.

每次上完作文课，我都要做同一件事：逗狗。我逗的小狗叫帅帅。它住在阿姨的店里，长着一身黄白相间的毛，那迷人的眼睛不知迷倒了多少狗妹妹。

我每次去，它都喜欢趴在我身上。它特别好吃，于是，我经常利用这一点逗它玩。这不，好吃的它又上当受骗了。

我那天上完课，带着一些好吃的去逗狗。我坐在椅子上，一边吃一边装出很享受的样子。我偷偷瞟了帅帅一眼，它正目不转睛的看着我，心里一定在想：是什么好吃的啊？看样子一定很好吃，我非要尝尝不可。于是乎，它猛地一跳准备来夺，谁知，我微微一躲它就扑了个空，落地时没站稳，就摔了个四脚朝天，它挣扎着站起来，它一定在想：硬的不行，我就来软的，给她来个“以柔克刚”。于是，它使出了绝招，用那双迷人的大眼睛，可怜巴巴地对我看着。我一看到它的眼睛，便想到了我以前养的小狗花花，便心软了，给了它一个吃的，它开心地跑掉了。

帅帅有一个致命的地方，听我慢慢地跟你们说。有一次，它看到母狗贝贝便跟着贝贝后面跑，阿姨急忙冲出去把它拽回来。它一边回家，还一边看着贝贝。此后，只要帅帅看见母狗就跟在后面。阿姨没办法，只好把它拴起来。

这就是可爱的帅帅，你们喜欢它吗？

My family had two lovely Bo Mei dog, one called toot, one called Bo Mei, toot is a brother, Bo Mei is the sister. They are very smart as long as we see the dogs necklace, we know to take them out to play, so it will be very happy to shake the tail. Bo Mei will be afraid of firecrackers, and occasionally he is not good, my father to learn the sound of the firecrackers scare it, it will be afraid to clip the tail, it is really a fun dog ah!

I read the dogs book, the dog wagged his tail to show pleasure; if the tail to sag, then expressed fear. I asked my mother, said: Why does the dog stretch his tongue? Mom told me that the dogs body without sweat, had no choice but to stretch his tongue to disperse the body heat. There are dogs before the pee will first smell, if there is a powerful dog than him, they dare not pee there, so each dog has its own fixed pee site.

When I was young, my brother was not born, every day to accompany me is toot and Bo Mei. Beep is the most loyal puppy, Bo is the most favorite puppy, Bo often grab my hands in the biscuits, we eat you a mouthful of me, toot more old, the teeth have been bite , So I did not take long time to heaven, and then a few years, Bo is also the United States, the family is no longer a dog, and really miss that good time.

My favorite animal is Bo Yang dog, although my family of two Bo Yang dogs are heaven, but I still miss their lovely look!

奶奶家有一只母狗,生了两只可爱的小狗,有一只小狗绒毛是金黄色的,我很喜欢,所以,小狗满月了我就把它带回了家,小狗在我的精心照料下渐渐的长大了,小狗每天都站在门前接送我上下学,但是我做过一次很对不起小狗的事情.

有一个星期天,爸爸,妈妈都去上班,我发现电炉子上烧着的水开了,就把水端下来,要往暖水瓶里倒,忽然,热水瓶啪的一声,倒在地上摔碎了.我心想如果爸爸回来一定会重众的批评我,这时从院子里传来小狗的声音,我忽然机灵一动就说是小狗率碎的……爸爸回来把脸一沉,大声嚷道是谁打碎了暖水壶,我走出来轻轻的说：“爸爸水壶是小黄狗打碎的,不是我打碎的.”爸爸一边走一边顺手拿了一根棍子,朝小黄狗打去,小黄狗在院子里添着被打伤的腿,一边抬头看我好像在说：“你怎么冤枉我呢?”吃饭的时候连饭都咽不下去,终于,我对爸爸说：“爸爸,打碎水壶的人是我,不是小黄狗.”爸爸说:“只要你肯承认错误就是好孩子.”

小黄狗也许不记得了,但对我说好像是昨天发生的!

马伊琳家的小狗身体是土黄色的，毛茸茸的，黑豆一样的眼睛。躺下时它会把身体蜷成一个小球，不动时就像是毛绒狗狗，十分可爱！我给狗狗起了一个名字叫：“叮当”。因为它的脖子上戴着一个小铃铛，每当跑着或走着的时候，都会发出叮叮当当的声音。

叮当刚抱回来的时候很小，因为刚离开妈妈和兄弟姐妹，又是独自待在车库里，可能是害怕，所以像“小孩子”一样一直哼着叫着，好像在说：“妈妈，你在哪儿呢？”每天眼泪汪汪的。看得我心疼极了！

我很喜欢小狗可是因为居住的条件不允许喂养，这一直是我心里的遗憾！这次能遇见小叮当，我就觉得它是来圆我的梦的，所以对它特别好。我每天放学只要见到它，都会陪它玩一会儿。有好吃的东西都要分它一点。

记得有一次，我和小区里的伙伴们正在玩“青蛙捉虫”，突然听到了叮当的哼咛声，我连忙去看了一下。叮当那水汪汪的眼睛，仿佛在说：“带我出去玩玩吧！”我将它抱起，一起玩了这个游戏。伴随着我们的欢笑声，叮当欢快的围着我们叫着。我低头一看，令我惊讶的是叮当竟然眉开眼笑，像顽皮的“孩子”！我没有发出声音，而是跟着叮当一起开开心心的玩着游戏。就这样，叮当陪着我度过了快乐的每一天，它也不再像刚来的时候每天晚上都“哭”。

我和叮当相处得很好。每次玩儿完它都会恋恋不舍地望着我，好像在说：“我还没玩儿够哩，再陪我玩一会儿呗！”摇着小尾巴，咬着我的裤脚不丢。我总是拍拍它的小脑袋，摸摸它那湿润的小鼻子说：“叮当乖，今天太晚了，明天再陪你玩啊！”现在我最希望的就是“叮当”能交到一个同类朋友，每天不那么孤单。

Do you like animal？ What’s your favorite animal？ My favorite animal is monkey. It is lovely and clever. People always say that our human beings are evolved from monkeys. In the other word， monkey looks a little like human being， which close the distance between it and me. It has a long tail. It can make different shapes by it. It likes eating bananas. It will peel off the skin just like human being. It is funny！ I love it.

我最喜爱的小动物是一只小狗，它全身长满白色的毛，像一团棉花糖;眼睛是圆溜溜的，像两颗大宝石镶嵌在一对弯弯的眉毛下;耳朵是半圆形，鼻子是黑色，尾巴短短的，很可爱。

我给它爱吃的骨头，它会一块一块，一小段一小段地啃。它啃完骨头后，就会汪汪地叫几声，好像在说：“小主人，谢谢你。”每当我去上学，她总是会送我一段路程，直到我假装生气打它两三下，它才乖乖地跑回家去。它不但会送我去上学，还喜欢和我一起赛跑，跑得十分快，有时，把我落了一段路程。平时，它看起来很胆小，但看见陌生人时，却又不失威猛地睁着双眼紧盯着陌生人的一举一动，关键时还会大声叫。

它真是一只机灵又尽忠职守的小狗啊!

我放学回家时，可算是小狗最开心的时候。只要小狗在家，我在放学回家的路上离家门口还有一段路总可看见小狗在门前等着我。它看见了我，就会摇着尾巴往我这里飞奔而来，然后在我人前人后蹦来蹦去。这么机灵的小狗能不讨人喜欢吗?

我很希望把这只小狗养得白白胖胖，因为它真的非常惹人喜爱。

Marine environment is one in water seawater tolerance hydrolyzate and suspended solids seabed sediment and marine organisms including complex systems. Ocean rich biological resources mineral resources chemical resources and power resources is an indispensable resource treasure house of human beings with human survival and development of the relationship very close.

The main objective of the current marine conservation is to protect the living marine resources so as not to failure in order for human sustainable use. In particular give priority to protect those valuable and critically endangered marine life. According to the UN for investigation due to overfishing accidental capture and killing of non-target to allow hunting of marine coastal shoreline construction mangrove deforestation widespread marine pollution at least the worlds 25 most valuable fishery resources depleted whales sea turtles manatees and many other marine animals face extinction risk. Is expected that with the expansion of the scale of ocean development

Marine living resources are likely to cause more damage.The task of the first marine protected right to stop over-exploitation of living marine resources and secondly to protect the habitat of marine life or habitat in particular their migration spawning foraging avoiding predators coast tidal flats estuaries coral reefs it is necessary to prevent the heavy metals pesticides oil organic and easy to produce nutrients such as eutrophication of marine pollution. Preservation of the marine living resources of the natural regeneration capacity and water purification capacity preservation of the marine ecological balance to ensure sustainable human development and utilization of the oceans.

Why should we protect wildlife animals?

Do you know of any endangered animals?Why are they in danger?

I think there are many endangered animals in the world,such as tigers and pandas.When farmers cut down trees,tigers can no longer hide and hunt.Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur for money.And there are few places where pandas can live.We are not alone in the world.We human beings could not live without all the plants and animals around us.So protecting wildlife animals are very important.We must take measures to keep plants from being destroyed and stop animals from being killed.If each of us can plant a tree and build a birdhouse,the world will be more beautiful.It is very easy but useful.

[关于保护动物的小学生英语作文