钢铁是怎么样炼成的英文读后感和翻译（20篇）

不久前，我读了苏联作家尼·奥斯特洛夫斯基的《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，这本书令我受益匪浅。

书中的主人公保尔·柯察金从小就受到神甫的无理打骂。后来，保尔成为了党员，在战争中慢慢地成长。由于他劳累过度，体质越来越差，最终导致全身瘫痪、双眼失明，被牢牢地锁在了床上。但他又找到了新的生活，拿起纸和笔进行自己的创作，歌颂为祖国而斗争的无畏的大英雄。

《钢铁是怎样炼成的》无愧为一部激励了无数青少年的杰作。读过这部作品，我为不管在战争的时代中、还是在战争之后的和平时代的保尔·柯察金，所表现出钢铁般的生命的毅力和激烈的爱国主义品质都深深地感染着，也更加懂得了如何为理想去奋斗，如何面对艰难困苦，如何让自己的一生更有意义。

这就是——“人，最宝贵的是生命。生命属于人只有一次。人的一生应当这样度过：当他回首往事的时候，不会因为碌碌无为、虚度年华而悔恨，也不会因为为人卑劣、生活庸俗而愧疚。这样，在临终的时候，他能够说：‘我已把自己整个的生命和全部精力献给了世界上最壮丽的事业——为人类的解放而奋斗。’”

保尔·柯察金执着与革命信念而坚韧不拔的崇高人格已经跨越了时空，让更多的人懂得了“生命的意义”。他的名言将成为我人生的又一句座右铭，激励着我不断前行!

The author pays homage to Hans Christian Andersen‘s compassionate tale with this faithful adaptation. Kids can relate to the duckling‘s dilemma; part of the growing-up proceis pulling away from those around you and developing a strong sense of self. Children have also witnessed or experienced the teasing that is part and parcel of childhood.

This agelestory speaks acrogenerations with its reaffirming message. In this age of instant gratification, Andersen‘s tale reminds readers that some things are worth waiting for and that a pleasure deferred (whether by choice or necessity) is often the sweetest one of all.

Pinkney‘s descriptive passages resonate with the splendor of nature‘s beauty. The glowing watercolors, filled with intricate details, make each blade of gravisible, and the delicately drawn, nearly transparent mosquitoes are as ethereal as they are in life. The subtle details incorporated into the scenes--a frog catching a passing fly at the pond and a tiny mouse perched by a crate in the old woman‘s cottage--make children take another look.

One day he heard a sound of whirring wings, and up in the air he saw a flock of birds flying high. They were as bright as the snow that had fallen during the night, and their long necks were stretched southward. Oh, if only he could go with them! But what sort of companion could he be to those beautiful beings?

‘I am too ugly even for a dog to eat,‘ the duckling thought. Jerry Pinkney‘s poignant text and rich artwork convey the timeleappeal of this tale of hardship and redemption. Anyone who has suffered the sting of ostracism can sympathize with the ugly duckling‘s plight and will relish the uplifting conclusion.

《红字》讲述了发生在北美殖民时期的恋爱悲剧。看完这部小说后就来看看语文迷为大家整理的英语读后感吧，希望你喜欢。

The Scarlet Letter offers an extraordinary insight into the norms and behavior of the 17th century if American Puritan society. The basic conflicts and problems of its main characters, however, are familiar to readers in the present. The female protagonist, has borne a child out of wedlock and has been jailed for over three months and sentenced to wear a symbol of her adultery, a scarlet “A” on her dress at all times. It concerns about the moral, emotional and psychological effect of the sin on people in general. It’s not simply a love story or a story of sin. The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the scarlet letters to symbolize the harshness of Puritan society, showing how they brand sinners for life. 英语文摘mmkey

The story happened in Boston about 200 years ago. It narrates love affairs between three persons. The punished woman. Hester Prynne and his husband. Who called himself Roger Chillingworth . He is an old misshapen man and a doctor. Hester does not love him at all. Another man is a young minister, Dimmesdale, who has a high position among ministers and is highly respected among his people in town. Hester and Dimmesdale love each other. But their love is forbidden in that time . It is sinful. Due to this,Hester is punished by society with a letter A on her chest, which considered an evil, a shame.

In this novel, the mainline seems to be around the letter A. Hester is brave enough to face the cruel reality. She is always with a mind of courage. She has been alone with her child for so long , with litter communication. Shame! Hopelessness! Loneliness! Hester has to wear the letter A day after day, seven years as for punishment and ill fame.

When a woman has lived through a difficult experience, her character changes a great deal. If she be all tenderness, she will die. If she survive, the tenderness will leave her .Hester’s charitable deeds and quiet humility have earned her a reprieve from the scorn of the community. The letter on her chest represents her work on earth , always helping others, without expecting any thanks. Never afterwards, does that scarlet letter leave her chest. The townspeople no longer view the letter as a punishment , but rather as representing her great strength and bravery and thy say it means “Able”.

But Arthur Dimmesdale, his sin against Hester and Pearl is that he will not acknowledge them as his wife and daughter in the daylight. He keeps his dreadful secret from all those under his care in the church for seven years for fear that he will lose their love and will not be forgiven. He is too weak to admit his sins. He suffers from mysterious heart trouble, seemingly caused by psychological distress. What’s worse, he is an advisor to the townspeople about their sins.

After Mr. Dimmesdale’s death , no one changes more in appearance than Roger Chilling worth. All his strength and energy has been used to harm his patient . This unhappy man has made his aim in life to add to the suffering of the young minister. When the evil old man no longer has such a purpose, the devil takes him back to the hell . It is a curious subject of observation, however, whether hatred or love are not of the same place. Each takes a great deal of emotion from one person. The two feelings seem basically the same, expect that one is smiled upon by God, while the other is worshipped by the devil.

The two lovers has ever decided to flee to Europe, where they can live with their dauthter Pearl as a family .They feel a sense of release there. However, their plan fails…… When Hester dies, she is buried next to Dimmesdale. The two share a single tombstone, with a deep colored letter A shining brightly.

《红字》是美国小说家霍桑最杰出的代表作,也是整个美国浪漫主义小说中最有声望的权威作品之一.小说的故事发生在十七世纪中期加尔文者派统治下的波士顿,作者从当时的社会现状入手,通过一个感人的爱情故事悲剧来揭露当局对人们精神,心灵和道德的摧残.

海丝特*白兰是一个在婚姻上遭到不幸的女人,年轻美貌,却嫁给了身体畸形多病的术士罗杰*齐灵沃斯,夫妻间根本谈不上爱情,后来,罗杰又在海上失踪,杳无音讯,白兰孤独的过着日子.这时一个英俊有气魄的青年牧师,亚瑟*丁梅斯代尔闯入了她的生活,他们真诚的相爱了,度过了一段隐私但热烈的爱情生活.不久,白兰由于怀孕的隐情暴露,以通*罪被抓,在狱中生下了女儿小珠儿.

按照当时的教规,白兰只有交代*夫的姓名才能获得赦免,否则将受惩罚.然而执行审讯任务的却正是他的情人.白兰宁愿独自忍受任何惩罚,为了把她和丁梅斯代尔之间的爱情深深地埋在心中,她坚强的挺住了.

海丝特*白兰受到了惩罚,她必须终身穿着一件绣着红色A字的外衣.字母A代表"通*(Adultery)"一词.白兰带着小珠儿离群独居,在郊外偏僻的茅舍中过者孤寂的生活.而用心险恶的前夫罗杰发现了丁梅斯代尔的反常表现,利用牧师痛苦和矛盾的心情,不断地折磨他,终于丁梅斯代尔在他即将升为主教的前夕,当众宣布了自己的秘密,丁梅斯代尔向周围的人们展露了这首爱情的颂歌.当他把自己的胸衣扯开时,一个猩红的A字烙在他的胸前.他在自己的爱人身边离开了人世.

海丝特*白兰,他坚强,有毅力,对爱情忠贞不渝.虽然被统治者认为有罪,但她是清白的,纯洁的.她的精神不断上升,成为真,善,美的化身.她的举动是对封建政权与教权压迫下的爱情,人权和自由的充分肯定.

丁梅斯代尔最初与白兰产生了炽热的的爱情,虽然他一度退却了,为自己能够隐蔽的安慰,但内心的痛苦并没有因他的安全而平息,相反,越来越强烈.他与白兰的约会,他在枷刑台上的自我忏悔,他们的逃跑计划,以及最后的公开演说,都成为了丁梅斯代尔向着爱情的祭坛一步步走近的脚印.最后他扯开上衣,人们见到了烙在他胸口的红色A字.这个A字实际上是烙在他的心上的,这是爱情的升华.

作者用蔷薇花象征美与善,用监狱象征死亡,用一道光,一只鸟……象征丁梅斯代尔与白兰之间的爱情的结晶——小珠儿,使作品充满着一股迷人的魄力.

在作品的最后,在白兰和丁梅斯代尔合用的墓碑上刻着这样一句话:"一片墓地上,刻着血红的A字."这句话不可谓不意味深长.

All the splendor 1 in the world is not worth a good friend .(Voltaire ,

French thinker) 人世间所有的荣华富贵不如一个好朋友。 (法国思想家 伏尔泰)

A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人生在世无朋友，犹如生活无太阳。

Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. 选择朋友要审慎，摒弃更要审又慎。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真交。

A father is a treasure, a brother is a comfort, but a friend is both. 父亲是财富，兄弟是安慰，朋友兼而有之。

A friend exaggerates a mans virtue, an enemy his crimes. 朋友宣扬人的美德，敌人夸大人的罪过。

A friend in court is better than a penny in purse. 囊中有钱，不如朝中有友。

A friend is a second self. 朋友是另一个我。

A friend is best found in adversity. 患难见真友。

A friend is never known till a man has need. 不到患难时，永远不能认识真正的朋友。

A friend is not so soon gotten as lost. 交友慢，失友快。

A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody. 广交友，无深交。

A friend without faults will never be found. 没有缺点的朋友是永远找不到的。

A joke never gains an enemy but often loses a friend. 开玩笑总不能化敌为友，反而有时会失去朋友。

Better lose a jest than a friend. 宁可不说一句俏皮话，以免得罪朋友们。

Choose an author as you choose a friend. 选书如择友。

He that has a full purse never wants a friend. 只要袋里有，不愁没朋友。

Life without a friend is death without a witness. 在世无朋友，死后无证人。

Thy friend has a friend and thy friends friend has a friend so be discreet. 你的朋友有朋友，朋友的朋友又有朋友，所以要谨慎小心。

To preserve a friend three things are required: to honour him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities. 维持友谊需要三点∶当面尊重他，背后赞扬他，需要时帮助他。

Trust not the praise of a friend, nor the contempt of an enemy. 不要信赖朋友的赞扬，也不要仇敌的轻蔑放在心上。

We can live without a brother, but not without a friend. 我们生活中可以没有兄弟，但不能没有朋友。

We can live without our friends, but not without our neighbours. 生活可无友，邻居不能无。

When a friend asks, there is no tomorrow. 朋友的要求不要拖。

Without a friend the world is a wilderness. 没有朋友，世界就等於一片荒野。

A bosom friend afar brings distant land near. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

Admonish your friends in private, praise them in public. 在私底下要忠告你的朋友，在公开场合又表扬你的朋友。

A faithful friend is hard to find. 益友难得。

A good book is a best friend who never turns his back upon us. 一本好书，莫逆之交。

A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman. 远亲不如近邻。

An empty purse frightens many friends. 囊中无分文，亲友不上门。

A ready way to lose friend is to lend him money. 失友皆从借钱起。

A thousand friends are few, one enemy is too many. 朋友千人尚觉少，仇敌一人犹嫌多。

A true friend is known in the day of adversity. 疾风知劲草，患难见真情。

A true friend is one soul in two bodies. 真正的朋友好似两个身子长著一颗心。

Better an open enemy than a false friend. 明枪易躲，暗箭难防。

Between friends all is common. 朋友之间不分彼此。

Books, like friends, should be few and well chosen. 书籍如朋友，应该少而精。

Everything is good when new, but friend when old. 东西新的好，朋友老的好。

Familiar paths and old friends are the best. 熟路好遵循，老友最可珍。

Friends are like fiddle-strings, they must not be screwed too tight. 朋友像琴弦，不能太拧紧。

Friendship cannot stand always on one side. 来而不往非礼也。

Friendship is love with understanding. 友谊是爱加上谅解。

Friendship multiplies joys and divides griefs. 友谊可以增添欢乐，可以分担忧愁。

Friendship ---- one soul in two bodies. 友谊是两人一条心。

Friendship the older it grows the stronger it is. 友谊地久天长。

Friends may meet, but mountains never greet. 朋友可相逢，高山永分离。

Friends must part. 天下无不散之筵席。

God defend me from my friends; form my enemy I can defend myself. 防友天，防敌己。

He is rich enough who has true friends. 有真朋友的人是富翁。

Hunger knows no friend. 饥难周友。

In time of prosperity, friends will be plenty; In time of adversity, not one amongst twenty. 富在深山有远亲，穷在闹市无人

从读了《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这本书，让我明白了，毅力也是成功之本，是一种韧劲，是一种积累。荀子有云：“锲而舍之，朽木不折;锲而不舍，金石可镂。”

毅力，它的表现往往是一个人在挫折中所展示的一股力量，有了毅力，人们就不会向挫折和困难低头，而会更坚强地去面对。

这本书主要写了主人公保尔?柯察金小时候的生活十分艰苦，不是被母亲责骂，就是受神父冤打。但他凭着毅力，仍然坚持生活，并立志要从军。保尔?柯察金长大后，终于实现了他的志向——当一名军人。从军期间，受到了老一辈的栽培和教育。自身又长期实践，他凭着毅力，在劳动、战斗、工作各方面刻苦学习和严格要求自己，终于锻炼成具有崇高理想、坚毅的意志和刚强性格的革命战士。他把整个生命和所有精力毫无保留的地奉献给世界壮丽的事业——为人类的解放而斗争，努力使世界和平!这种精神是多么可贵啊!如果保尔?柯察金没有凭着毅力，他怎么可能炼成一个有崇高理想、坚毅的意志和刚强性格的革命战士呢?

读了这本书，我才领悟到：一个人的毅力是对他的一生是有很大影响的。就拿这本书的主人公来说吧，他一生的命运非常坎坷，然而他凭着什么让自己活下去呢?是毅力，是毅力给了他无穷的力量，像他这样，十几岁就立足沙场，奋勇杀敌，在沙场上，他被砍了好几刀，仍然大难不死，为什么呢?还是因为毅力，年轻的他后来疾病缠身，但他依然忘我的工作着，有休假的机会仍然工作着，毅力真是一种锲而不舍的精神啊!

生活在我们这个时代，遇到困难，只要勇敢地去面对，我们就会发觉，我们也是有毅力的。人的一生很精彩，有着酸甜苦辣，也有离别时的伤心，不然，怎么会有重逢时的喜悦呢?在我们的人生中，要想一步登天，那永远是不可能的——从古自今，有哪一个名人志士是一步登天的呢?没有，他们都是在挫折中锻炼了自己，使自己成为千古佳话。我们不要以为当一名作家写书是一件很简单的事，因为在写书的过程中往往会遇到挫折和困难，只有这坚强的毅力才能够克服这困难和挫折。例如：马克思写《资本论》用了40年的时间，李时珍写《本草纲目》用了30年，司马迁编《史记》历史用了20多年……古今中外，有谁能够一步登天呢?

毅力也需要坚持，在坚持的同时也需要毅然断然的决断，正所谓“当断不断，反受其害”。有毅力的人面对考验能断然初之，又有利于持之以恒。为什么说毅力也是成功之本呢?因为，只有坚强的毅力才能克服前进道路上的种种困难和挫折，才能获得成功，所以坚强的毅力是通向成功的捷径。

看了《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，我的内心有了极大的震撼，作为一名中学生，我知道了我应该做什么!

1.surrender; yield; bow to; give away; knuckle under; submit to

详细解释

◎ 屈服 qūfú

(1) [surrendor;yield;knuckle under;at the feet of]∶降服;折服

妥协屈服

(2) [bend and undulate]∶弯曲起伏

众人之息以喉,屈服者,其嗌言若哇。——《庄子》

(1).曲折起伏。《庄子·大宗师》：“众人之息以喉。屈服者，其嗌言若哇。” 成玄英 疏：“屈折起伏，气不调和，咽喉之中恒如哇碍也。”

(2).降服;折服。《吕氏春秋·应同》：“故割地寳器，卑辞屈服，不足以止攻，惟治为足。”《后汉书·宋意传》：“强者为雄，弱者即屈服。”《南史·隐逸传下·马枢》：“王欲极观优劣，乃谓众曰：‘与 马学士 论议，必使屈服，不得空立客主。’” 宋 窦苹 《酒谱·醉圣》：“ 李白 每大醉为文，未尝差误，与醒者语无不屈服，人目为‘醉圣’。” 曹禺 《家》第三场：“你只知道跟恶势力妥协屈服，一天天走上庸俗昏瞆的路。”

以下是《九年级英语作文:我和哥哥的历险记》翻译。

It was sunny that day. Our parents were out, so there were only my brother and me at home. We were bored. So we decided to go boating. We played happily. But when we went to the middle of the river, the weather changed. It rained suddenly. We didn t bring umbrella and our boat was bamboo raft. As the rain was more and heavier, we were afraid to sink in the river. We tried our best to make our boat in shore. But our bamboo raft had more water on it. I was afraid to die. My brother was also very anxious. At that time, my mother came and she pulled us back to the ground. It was thrilling.

那是一个晴天。我们的父母都出去了，所以只有我和哥哥在家。我们很无聊。所以我们决定去划船。我们玩的很开心。但当我们走到河中央时，天气变了。突然下起雨来。我们没带伞，而且我们的船还竹排。由于雨越来越大，我们担心会沉到河里去。我们尽力使我们的船靠岸。但是竹筏上的水越来越多。我害怕死了。我哥哥也很着急。那时，我妈妈来了来了，她把我们拉回到地面。真的惊心动魄啊。

Not long ago I just read the English version of "Diary of Anne Frank." In fact, this is not the first time I read this book. When I first read it in elementary school, and read the Chinese version. Then still small, still can not read, that means nothing. Now it seems there feeling very deeply.

Anne Frank was a Jewish girl. She could and ordinary girl, living a happy life, but she was not hiding different parents attic. Anne all day hiding in dark little attic to escape the Nazis killing. She could not get close to nature, can not be friends like before play. In the shadow of the shadow of death, Anne only keep a diary to get through tough every day. For her, the diary as her friends, her only friends can rely on and talk. She wrote in her diary a lot, there are silent on the racial discrimination complaint, more of the outside world, the natural yearning for thinking about life.

From her diary, I can imagine she was helpless, fear, but a more leisurely and calm. This is a great girl.

After reading the "Diary of Anne Frank", my heart is very heavy. Nazi racial discrimination, maiming and killing innocent pretty much the same as Annes children. War is always nasty, it makes human experience is a market catastrophe.

Thank you "Diary of Anne Frank" and let people see the ugliness of war, to get people to think about and condolences for the unfortunate people.

Do not like history repeating itself, pray for world peace forever.

参考翻译

不久前我刚看完了英文版的《安妮日记》。其实这不是我第一次看这本书了。第一次看的时候我才上小学，看的是中文版的。那时还小，还读不懂，觉得没什么意思。而现在看起来，却有很深很深的感触。

安妮 弗兰克是个犹太女孩。她本可以和普通女孩一样过着快乐的生活，但她却不得不同父母躲到阁楼里。小小的安妮整日躲在阴暗的阁楼里，躲避着纳粹的捕杀。她无法亲近自然，无法和朋友们像以前一样玩耍。在死亡阴影的笼罩下，安妮只有记日记来度过难熬的每一天。对于她来说，日记就像她的朋友，她唯一可以依赖和倾诉的朋友。她在她的日记里写下了很多，有对种族歧视的无声的控诉，更多的是对外面世界，对自然的向往，对人生的思考。

从她的日记中，我可以想像出她当时的无助，惶恐，但更有从容和镇定。这是一个了不起的女孩。

看完了《安妮日记》，我的内心很沉重。纳粹的种族歧视，残害了多少像安妮一样无辜可爱的孩子。战争从来都是可恶的，它让人类经历的是一场场劫难。

感谢《安妮日记》，让人们看到了战争的丑恶，让人们去思考，去为不幸的人们哀悼。

愿历史不要再重演，祈求世界永远和平。

今天，我读了《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这本书，书中的主人公——保尔使我油然而生敬意。

保尔被老师神甫赶出学校后，在一次偶然的相遇中，他与冬妮亚结为朋友。他在装配工朱赫来的引导下，懂得了布尔什维克是为穷人争取解放的革命政党。他依依不舍得告别了冬妮亚，逃离了家乡，加入了红军，成为了一名坚强的布尔什维克战士。但是他的身体状况每况俞下，右腿变成残废，脊椎骨的暗伤也越来越严重，最后终于瘫痪了。但他并没有不此而沮丧，而且开始了他的艰难的写作生涯，从此有新生活的良好开端。

我非常敬佩保尔不畏病魔侵扰和不怕命运挫折的百折不挠的革命精神。他时刻都在为革命事业而奋斗。他有一次不幸染上了伤寒，他凭他那坚强的毅力，奇迹般地从死亡线上走了回来了，重新义无反顾地走向火热的工作岗位。

最使我感动的是下面的故事。

索络面卡区的团组织几乎全部全上阵了。团省委去了三个人——杜巴瓦、潘克拉托夫和保尔。这三个人是朱赫来同志亲自选定的。铁路抢修工作开始了，谁也没想到条件会有那么艰苦，寒冷的秋雨浸透了人的衣衫，沉甸甸、冰凉凉的;四周荒凉一片，几百个人晚上只能睡在四间破房子里的水泥地板上，穿着淋湿了而又沾满泥浆的衣服，紧紧地挤在一起，尽量对方的体温取暖。早上，大家喝点茶就去干活，午饭天天是素扁汤和一只煤球一样的黑面包。但他们凭着对革命事业的无限忠诚和坚强的革命毅力，出色完成了任务。

我想，我国的创业者和建设者与他们的情况也有惊人的相似之处。今天我们的幸福生活是无数辛劳的劳动者和革命者用血汗换来的，来之不易，我们一定要好好珍惜今天的美好生活，好好学习，炼好本领，为将来把我们的祖国建设得更加美好而努力奋斗。

《钢铁是怎样炼成的》展示了一位少年艰难的成长经历，唱响了一首英雄的颂歌。

穷苦少年保尔，在十月战争爆发后，意外邂逅了一位布尔什维克—————朱赫来，他不但教会了保尔英式拳击，还培养了保尔对革命的热情。保尔加入了红军，为革命事业付出自己的青春和健康。当他双腿瘫痪，双目失明，仍不愿放弃自己，用惊人的毅力创作了《暴风雨所诞生的》，继续实现自己的人生价值。

保尔曾这样问过自己：“为了挣脱生命的枷锁，为了能够重新战斗，为了实现自身的价值，你是否尽了最大的努力呢?”回答是肯定的：“我尽了最大的努力。”是的，他真的尽最大的努力在工作，上级派下的每一个任务，他都认真出色地完成。为此，死神的黑翅曾先后三次碰过他，在三个月内铁路如期的修好修通，依法在法庭上的辩论胜利，与各种“歪风邪气”斗争成功，这些都是他奋斗的写照。正如他所说的：“我的整个生命和全部精力，都献给了世界上最壮丽的事业——————为人类的解放而斗争!”

我也这样问过自己，然而有多少岁月我在消遣娱乐中逝去，又有几许时光我在为实现人生价值而奋斗呢?我不禁陷入沉思，虽然当今社会不用再为革命出生入死，但是我们可以尽最大的努力让生活更加充实有意义，为世界做出一份贡献。

保尔奋斗的人生警醒了我。从现在开始，我要珍惜点滴时光，不再让它白白流逝：我要跑出来，不再在追梦之路上止步不前;我要炼成钢铁，不再让梦想变成迷茫。人生虽然短暂，但只有努力丰富自己的人生，才不枉活这一着。

就让保尔精神鞭策我努力实现自己的人生价值。愿再次回首往事，我不再因虚度年华而悔恨，也不再因碌碌无为而羞愧。

1.(破成碎块的; 零碎的) tattered; broken

2.(使破成碎块) smash [break] sth. to pieces; crush

详细解释

◎ 破碎 pòsuì

(1) [smash sth. to pieces;fragmentate]∶破成碎片,尤指被炸碎

用机器破碎矿石

(2) [destory]∶毁坏;破损碎裂

山河破碎风飘絮,身世浮沉雨打萍。——宋· 文天祥《过零丁洋》

(3) [cut apart;dismember]∶割裂;肢解

群经破碎,后学迷误

(4) [ruin;evaporate]∶毁灭;破灭

少爷的梦破碎了。——巴金《秋》

(1).毁坏;破损碎裂。《荀子·法行》：“《诗》曰：‘涓涓源水，不雝不塞。轂已破碎，乃大其辐。’事已败矣，乃重太息，其云益乎?” 北魏 郦道元 《水经注·瓠子河》：“ 中山夫人祠 南，有 仲山甫 冢，冢西有石庙，羊虎倾低，破碎畧尽。” 宋 文天祥 《过零丁洋》诗：“山河破碎风抛絮，身世飘摇雨打萍。” 鲁迅 《野草·过客》：“过客--约三四十岁，状态困顿倔强，眼光阴沉，黑须，乱发，黑色短衣裤皆破碎，赤足着破鞋，胁下挂一个口袋，支着等身的竹杖。”

(2).溃散。《墨子·兼爱中》：“士闻鼓音，破碎乱行，蹈火而死者，左右百人有餘。”

(3).割裂;肢解。《汉书·夏侯胜传》：“ 建 所谓章句小儒，破碎大道。”《隋书·经籍志三》：“小人为之，则坏大为小，削远为近，是以道术破碎而难知。” 宋 范仲淹 《尹师鲁序》：“其间甚者专事藻饰，破碎大雅，反谓古道不适於用，废而弗学者久之。” 清 恽敬 《驳朱锡鬯书后》：“检讨生平多颠倒旧闻，以就己説。然此风盖 宋 汉 大儒所不免，以致羣经破碎，后学迷误。”

The sorrows of young werther is a German writer johann Wolfgang Goethe is one of the most famous masterpiece. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a German modern outstanding poets, writers and thinkers. The sorrows of young werther this epistolary novel written in first person, not only conveys the feudal system in Europe from the ancient to the capitalist system of excessive transformation period, the middle-aged and young generation to pursue "personality liberation", "emotional freedom", "return to nature of social status", "establishing equal relationship" between peoples strong desire, also illustrates the authors own distinct position. In 1774 published a novel has aroused strong repercussions, the whole of Europe an victor hot, Goethes hand revealed deep sleep in contemporary deeply excited all the secrets of the mind.

We can see victors image: tsing yi huang trousers and thin sensitive and sentimental. He kept the childlike innocence confronts the nature of his heart is bright and clean, like a deep stagnant water. He attaches great importance to the natural sincere feelings cherish his "heart is better than all other" Albert rational calm very unhappy. His love at first sight, for she had also because she is so innocent in manners do keep a girl lovely nature. Green, in the heart of victor is completely natural and beautiful his love for her is reached the degree of "forgetting"!

She is just victor lover? She is the embodiment of victor all ideal almost representative of beauty. When victors ideal in reality nothing is near, he met and she became his heart clings to object and shelter. His love for her is hot, unselfish, has deviated from the true meaning of love, because it is a kind of irrational and abnormal love, is not the final result of the destruction of others is to destroy them. Rather than his love and his love is his one thousand to from the conquest of the opposite sex to prove the existence of self value. Because of this, in the face of rational barriers victor heart will have such a complicated entanglements and deep pain. He hovered between reality and green, and the fact that, after all, not a lover and victor becomes more crazy. But he lost his friend victor all hope in life, the passion of youth, the courage of life is destroyed by a thus only to an extreme way -- suicide to show resistance of reality. Schiller profoundly analyzes the victors tragedy, he said: "a person with a warm feelings to hug an ideal and escape from reality in order to pursue the infinite reality; he constantly seek him in his outside forever in his own destruction in the nature of things; he felt his own dream is the only reality of his own experience is permanent; he sees their presence as bound shall crush it in order to further the absolute reality."

In the writers love is the greatest hero for it can cling to life; In the writers love is the small only is a tool for personality liberation and realize self value. The protagonist in the novel the continuous and endless memories, fierce inner conflict, also bitter sweet in love feeling, only when he was unable to get a beloved is cruel and gloomy beauty. The so-called vigorous love and heart full of tears, is actually a thick young feelings and deep that must not turn dark young sorrow. Youth it is destined to always full of unease and restlessness, too many boiling blood to be cathartic for ideal can be without any hesitation.

The heroine in the sorrows of young werther self-consciousness is quite strong. Youth and beauty are what he ardently desire. Born for freedom, he died for freedom, he would rather die than to give up his ideal and pursuit. However the value goal of how to implement? Will not, of course, through the practice of reforming society, we have not such ideological awareness, the hero of them, the fate of the palm is only one are pieces of quiet. So they can only choose to make love till death do it the end of time and regret, then maybe can express in the heart of anguish? In this sense it is not only their personal tragedy, also is the tragedy of The Times.

参考翻译：

少年维特之烦恼是德国作者约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德最著名的代表作之一。歌德是德国近代杰出的诗人、作家和思想家。少年维特之烦恼这部以第一人称写就的书信体小说，不仅传达了欧洲从古老的封建制度向资本主义制度过度的转型时期，中青年一代追求“个性解放”、“感情自由”、“恢复自然的社会状态”、“建立平等的人与人之间的关系”的强烈愿望，也阐明了作者自身鲜明的立场。1774年小说一发表便引起了强烈的反响，整个欧洲掀起了一阵维特热，歌德的手揭开了沉睡在当代的深深激动着的心灵里的一切秘密。

我们可以想见维特的形象：青衣黄裤清秀而瘦弱敏感而多情。他保持了童真的本性面对世界时他的心明净如一泓清水。他重视自然真诚的感情珍视他的“心胜于其它一切”对阿尔伯特似的理智冷静的人非常不满。他对绿蒂的一见钟情、一往情深也正是因为她如此天真无邪在举止行事中保持了一个少女可爱的自然本性。绿蒂在维特的心中完全就是自然与美的化身他对她的爱简直达到了“忘我”的程度!

绿蒂难道仅仅是维特的恋人?她几乎是维特全部理想的化身美的代表。当维特的理想在现实中无所依傍的时候，他遇见了绿蒂，绿蒂成为了他心灵的攀附对象和避难所。他对她的爱虽是炽热的、忘我的，却已偏离了爱的真义，因为这是一种非理性的、变态的爱，最后的结果不是毁灭他人就是毁灭自己。与其说他爱的是绿蒂，不如说他爱的是他自己千方百计地要从对异性的征服中证明自我存在的价值。正因为如此，在理性的藩篱面前维特的内心才会产生如此复杂的纠葛和深沉的痛苦。他在现实与绿蒂之间徘徊而终究得不到爱人的事实又使维特变得愈加疯狂。最终他还是失去了绿蒂维特全部的人生希望、青春的热情、生活的勇气都被一道摧毁从而只得以极端的方式——自杀来表露对现实的反抗。席勒深刻地分析了维特的悲剧他说：“一个人物以热烈的感情拥抱一个理想并且逃避现实以便追求非现实的无限;他不断地在他身外寻求他永远在他自己的天性中所破坏的东西;他觉得他自己的梦想才是唯一现实的东西他自己的经验无非是永久的束缚;他把自己的存在看作是束 缚应当把它粉碎以便深入绝对的现实。”

在作家的笔下爱情是伟大的主人公为它生可以死死可以生;在作家的笔下爱情又是渺小的只不过是承载个性解放和实现自我价值的工具。小说里主人公那绵绵无尽的情思、激烈的内心冲突、亦苦亦甜的恋爱感受，只有在他无法得到心上人时才具有残酷而无望的美的意味。所谓轰轰烈烈的爱情与充满血泪的心路，事实上是浓得化不开的年少情愫与深黯的少年悲戚。青春向来就注定充满不安和躁动，太多沸腾的热血亟待宣泄为理想献身可以无半点犹疑。

在少年维特之烦恼中主人公的自我意识相当强烈。青春和美都是他热切向往的东西。他为自由而生，为自由而死，他宁死也不愿放弃自己的理想和追求。然而这种价值目标如何实现呢?当然不可能通过改造社会的实践，我们的主人公还没有这样的思想觉悟，他们，在命运的掌心里只能是一枚渺续安静的棋子。因此他们只能选择爱爱它个地老天荒、至死不悔，这样或许能抒发心中的苦闷?在这个意义上说这不仅仅是他们个人的悲剧，也是整个时代的悲剧。

[少年维特之烦恼英语读后感及翻译

简爱,是一个贫穷但有抱负的,小的身体但巨大的灵魂,晦涩但自重的女孩。当我们关闭这本书的封面,长途旅行后的精神,简爱,一个了不起的人物,我们留下了如此多的回忆和想:

我们记得她的善良:对于那些失去手臂和盲目的眼睛,对那些鄙视她的平凡,甚至有人在过去曾深深地伤害了她。

我们还记得她追求正义。就像一个同伴与善良。但是,一个善良的人应该促进善良一面,必须检查坏处在另一边。

我们记得她的自尊和清晰的情况在平等。在她看来,每个人都是一样的在上帝的脚。尽管有状态的差异,在属性和外观,但所有的人类都是平等的人格。

我们还记得她追求的生活,她的韧性和她的信心…

当我们认为这个女孩,她给了我们不是一个漂亮的脸蛋或卓越的气质,让我们深深敬佩,但是她的性格的巨大魅力。

Jane Eyre, is a poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul, obscure but self-respecting girl. After we close the covers of the book, after having a long journey of the spirit, Jane Eyre, a marvelous figure, has left us so much to recall and to think:

We remember her goodness: for someone who lost arms and blinded in eyes, for someone who despised her for her ordinariness, and even for someone who had hurt her deeply in the past.

We remember her pursuit of justice. It’s like a companion with the goodness. But still, a virtuous person should promote the goodness on one side and must check the badness on the other side.

We remember her self-respect and the clear situation on equality. In her opinion, everyone is the same at the God’s feet. Though there are differences in status、in property and also in appearance, but all the human being are equal in personality.

We also remember her striving for life, her toughness and her confidence…

When we think of this girl, what she gave us was not a pretty face or a transcendent temperament that make us admire deeply, but a huge charm of her personality.

这个暑假,在姐姐的书柜里找到了一本破旧不堪的书，本来想直接扔掉，但突然想到，语文八年级上册还要阅读这本书，所以我就那干毛巾擦了擦，兴趣不满的阅读了起来。

这本书的作者是奥斯特洛夫斯基，名字挺长的，当读到引索时我就被深深地打动了，原来这本书的作者当时已经双目失明，全身瘫痪，这部书是他强忍疼痛，在床榻上历时三年才写成的。读到这儿，大大增加了我对这部书的兴趣。

这本书的主人公是柯擦金，展现了从1915年到1930年苏联人民的生活，主人公就是在革命的熔炉中，从一个工人子弟锻炼成为无产阶级战士。

这本书告诉我们：如何造就一个钢铁般的意志,千锤百炼才能铸就永不磨灭的印记,通过锻炼,困难,任何险阻,会让人变得坚强。

Titanic, the ship of dreams. Is also known as Unsinkable, and it was unsinkable on its departure on April 10th, 1912. And on its epic journey a poor artist named Jack Dawson and a rich girl Rose DeWitt Bukator fall in love, until one night, their fairytale love for one another turns into a struggle for survival on a ship about to founder to the bottom of the North Atlantic. Rose leaves her fiancée Caledon Hockley for this poor artist, but when the Titanic collides with the Iceberg on April 14th, 1912, and then when the ship sinks on April 15th, 1912 at 2:20 in the morning, Jack dies and Rose survives and 84 years later Rose tells the story about her life on Titanic to her grand daughter and friends on the Keldysh and explains the first sight of Jack that falls into love, then into a fight for survival. When Rose gets saved by one lifeboat that comes back, they take her to the Carpathia with the 6 saved with Rose and the 700 people saved in the lifeboats. The Carpathia Immigration Officer asks Rose what her name is and she loved Jack so much she says her name is not Rose DeWitt Bukator, but her name is Rose Dawson. She seen Cal looking for her, but he doesnt see her, and they never ended up together, her mom, Cal, and friends of the family has know choice but to think that she died on the Titanic. But in the crash of 1929, Cal is married, but then he put a pistol in his mouth and committed suicid. So Rose is an actress in the 20s, and now 84 years later Rose Calvert is 100 years old and tells her grand daughter Lizzy Calvert, Brock Lovett, Lewis Bodine, Bobby Buell, and Anatoly Mikailavich the whole story from departure until the death of Titanic on its first and last voyage, and then to Rose all Titanic and the real love of her life Jack Dawson is all an existence inside of her memory, and Titanic is to rest in peace at the bottom of the North Atlantic from 1912 until the end of time.

Written by Scotty McCoy

合上书本又再次翻开，熟悉却每次又带来不一样含义的字句又一次浮现在我的眼前。

翻动书页，看着书中的地名与人物，我的心中涌起了一种陌生的感情，那些书中的人物似乎正在通过插图里挥汗如雨的躯体与我打招呼，而他们包含笑意的眼睛似乎直直地射出一道目光来看向我，向我诉说他们的劳动的艰辛与由无数钢铁般的群众养育出来的果实。在这一刻，我忽然觉得自己读懂了《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，读懂了保尔·柯察金的决心，与冬妮娅之间的分歧，阿尔青的抉择，以及与他们一样的，书中或是现实中无数的为共同的理想而奋斗的人民的理想。

当我一开始听说这次寒假要读《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这本书的时候，其实我时非常不愿意的。因为那时的我仅仅是天真的认为这本书是讲述各式各样的大道理，用一些无趣的故事填补中间的空白罢了，而我也无法理解平时听闻的那些。但正值最近新型冠状病毒肺炎发作时期，所有人只能在家中歇息。而无聊到发慌的我偶然间打开了手边的《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，权当是当作完成寒假作业而已。

但是当我一开始阅读保尔的遭遇后，书里的情节宛如一只钩子一般紧紧地攫住了我的心，让我无暇再去顾及其他的事情而一心沉浸在那副宏伟壮丽的劳动全景之中：人们用自己的血肉躯干来换取铁路的畅通，为后方的物资向前方运输的过程打通了一条坚实的道路：阅读到此处的时候我心潮澎湃，似乎自己也来到了那个时代，与钢铁般的同志们同生死共存亡;当阅读到保尔与冬妮娅分手的片段时，我一开始的确感到不舍且疑惑，但在保尔义正言辞说出他的理由之后，我不解的心情转而变得晴朗，甚至不禁向保尔的行径开始鼓掌，因为他越活越明白了;而读到关于列宁逝世的电报从远处传来，将听到这条讯息的人都落下泪来的时候，我也不由得是潸然泪下，但转而这种心情就像演讲中所说，它不在是为了失去一位伟大的领导者而悲哀的心情，变成了一份要继承这样的精神，为平等幸福的社会而斗争的信念。而在阅读结束时，我已经读懂了他们的举动究竟为何而生———他们是为了自己关乎所有人类命运的信念而生。

我看向窗外，此时正值病毒肆虐的时期，黑压压的云层笼罩在天空上，但我的心底却一片温暖。因为我读懂了这本书向我们传达的消息：不论是怎样的困境，只要人们愿意与他人携手并进，一定可以被冲破的。

钢铁是在旺火的烧炼和骤冷中炼成的，坚强的共产主义战士们也是在同阶级敌人以及各种困难的斗争中成长起来的。《钢铁是怎样炼成的》的作者尼.特洛夫斯基在书中揭示了保尔锻炼成为具有钢铁般的坚强意志和崇高品德的无产阶英雄人物的过程。塑造了一位坚强、勇敢、机智的英雄少年

《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这本书主要写了:主人公保尔出生在一个家境贫寒的家庭，从小便对邪恶势力和不合理制度深恶痛觉。十月革命的到来，激发出了他自觉的阶级意识，从此开始了为革命理想奋斗不息的人生过程。无论是在前线战场还是在后方建设当中，保尔始终都以永不熄灭的革命热情和百折不挠的革命斗志，直面一次次艰苦卓绝的挑战，接受命运的重重考验。保尔从一个平凡莽撞的少年，成长为一名拥有钢铁意志的优秀战士!

我永远不会忘记保尔在家乡烈士墓前的是一段话语:“人，最宝贵的是生命。生命对每个人只有一次。人的一生应当这样度过:当回首往事的时候，他不会因为虚度年华而悔恨，也不会因为碌碌无为而羞愧;临终之际，他能够说:‘我的整个生命和精力，都献给了世界上最壮丽的事业--为解放全人民而斗争。’”我觉得这段话颇有意义，人生只不过就是短短几十年，绝不能虚度年华，我要做个对社会有帮助的人、做个合理分配时间的人、努力做个具有钢铁意志的人、做个勇往直前的人!总得来说，我们决不能屈服于命运，我们应该向保尔学习!

《钢铁是怎样炼成的》是一部值得品读、细读、反复读的书籍，相信看完此书你会对钢铁有全新的认识!

理想是一个人一生的追求与向往。

我通过阅读《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这本书之后，知道了保尔.柯察金，一个拥有钢铁般意志的人，他的理想是：“人的一生应该这样度过，回忆往事时，他不会为虚度年华而悔恨，也不会为碌碌无为而羞愧，临终时，他能说：“我的一生都献给了世界上最伟大的事业——为解放全人类而奋斗!”

保尔为了实现自己的理想，他受过刑，坐过牢;他斗严寒，战冰雪，忍饥饿;他拼命地战斗，忘我地工作，坚强的意志比钢铁还硬。特别感人的是他双目失明后，仍然坚持写作，终于完成了《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这部伟大的著作。

我们小学生也有理想，有的想当伟大的科学家，有的想当英勇的战士，有的想做宇航员，像杨立伟叔叔那样上太空，有的想做医生，有的想做老师……我认为这只是不同的职业选择。

我的理想是成为保尔那样的人，长大以后，我要学习保尔那样有坚强的意志，高尚的品德，学习他不怕苦、不怕累的精神，努力学习科学文化知识，力争成为对社会有用的人，为社会主义大厦添砖加瓦，对国家、对民族，对人类社会的进步做出自己的贡献。

前些天，我读了一本好书《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。

《钢铁是怎样炼成的》是苏联一位杰出的无产阶级作家奥斯特洛夫斯基的作品。小说中的保尔就是作家本人。小说讲述了奥斯特洛夫斯基的一生。他只读了三年学，就被迫弃学打工，在十月革命爆发后年仅十四岁的他自愿加入了红军，参加过各种战役，锻炼成一名钢铁般坚韧的勇士。后来他在与波兰白匪军战斗时，头部中了弹片，伤势非常严重，可他以爱国精神和旺盛的生命力战胜了死神，但他的右眼却完全失明了。几年后，他由于旧伤复发和辛勤忘我的工作，导致全身瘫痪和双目失明，在休养期间，他仍然从事宣传工作，在他双目失明以后，他拿起笔开始创作，仍然为祖国，人民而奉献自己。

书中最让我感动的是保尔在得知自己将全身瘫痪时，并没有去找医生医治，而是打算把自己的余生都交给革命事业吗，坚持工作直到死去为止。啊，军人多么伟大啊!他们把自己的生命置之度外，把祖国和人民放在自己的生死之上。

“人最宝贵的是生命。每个人只有一次生命。因此，一个人的一生应当这样度过，当他回首已逝年华时，不因虚度光阴而悔恨，也不因一事无成而羞愧：这样，在他离开人世的时候，就可以坦然地‘说我把整个生命和全部精力都奉献给了人世间最壮丽的事业-----为人类的解放而奋斗’。”这本书让我明白，生命不是为了索取而是为了奉献!

"The gift of the magi" tells a story like this: in order to buy a platinum fob chain for her husband as a Christmas gift, his wife, sold a head of show hair. And her husband for the same purpose, sold the ancestral gold watch for his wife bought a set of combs. Although each others gift lost use value, but they get more important things than feelings, love, is priceless.

After reading it, I ask: arent rich couple, but it can in the ordinary day make such a remarkable thing: for the sake of each other, regardless of their completely. It is because they love each other, so would do such extraordinary things. By contrast, how much I pay for others? In life, I always for a little dispute, with others, haggle over every ounce, finally do more harm than good, bad credibility instead, why dont I learn from them, care about each other, and what is bad? I should really reflect on yourself.

"Lover one constant love", only care about each other and love each other, for the sake of others, the world wouldnt be so indifferent and cold.

《麦琪的礼物》讲述了一个这样的故事：为了给丈夫买一条白金表链作为圣诞礼物，妻子卖掉了一头秀发。而丈夫出于同样目的，卖掉了祖传的金表给妻子买了一套发梳。尽管彼此的礼物都失去了使用价值，但他们从中获得比情感更重要的东西——爱，却是无价的。

读完之后，我深有感触：一对并不富有的夫妇，却能在平凡的一天做出这样一件不平凡的事情：为对方着想，完全不顾自己。正是因为他们互相爱着对方，所以才会做出这样不平凡的事情。相比之下，我为别人付出的又有多少呢?在生活中，我总是为了一点小纠纷，与别人针锋相对，斤斤计较，最后得不偿失，反而坏了信誉，我何不学学他们，互相关心，又有什么不好呢?我应该认真反思自己。

“爱人者人恒爱之”，只有互相关心、互相关爱，为他人着想，世界才不会这么冷漠、无情了。

One of the most interesting questions about Gullivers Travels is whether the Houyhnhnms represent an ideal of rationality or whether on the other hand they are the butt of Swifts satire. In other words, in Book IV, is Swift poking fun at the talking horses or does he intend for us to take them seriously as the proper way to act? If we look closely at the way that the Houyhnhnms act, we can see that in fact Swift does not take them seriously: he uses them to show the dangers of pride.

First we have to see that Swift does not even take Gullver seriously. For instance, his name sounds much like gullible, which suggests that he will believe anything. Also, when he first sees the Yahoos and they throw excrement on him, he responds by doing the same in return until they run away. He says, "I must needs discover some more rational being," even though as a human he is already the most rational being there is. This is why Swift refers to Erasmus Darwins discovery of the origin of the species and the voyage of the Beagle-to show how Gulliver knows that people are at the top of the food chain. But if Lemule Gulliver is satirized, so are the Houyhnhnms, whose voices sound like the call of castrati. They walk on two legs instead of four, and seem to be much like people. As Gulliver says, "It was with the utmost astonishment that I witnessed these creatures playing the flute and dancing a Vienese waltz. To my mind, they seemed like the greatest humans ever seen in court, even more dextrous than the Lord Edmund Burke" . As this quote demonstrates, Gulliver is terribly impressed, but his admiration for the Houyhnhnms is short-lived because they are so prideful. For instance, the leader of the Houyhnhnms claims that he has read all the works of Charles Dickens, and that he can singlehandedly recite the names of all the Kings and Queens of England up to George II. Swift subtly shows that this Houyhnhnms pride is misplaced when, in the middle of the intellectual competition, he forgets the name of Queen Elizabeths husband.

Swifts satire of the Houyhnhnms comes out in other ways as well. One of the most memorable scenes is when the dapple grey mare attempts to woo the horse that Guenivre has brought with him to the island. First she acts flirtatiously, parading around the bewildered horse. But when this does not have the desired effect, she gets another idea: "As I watched in amazement from my perch in the top of a tree, the sorrel nag dashed off and returned with a yahoo on her back who was yet more monstrous than Mr. Pope being fitted by a clothier. She dropped this creature before my nag as if offering up a sacrifice. My horse sniffed the creature and turned away." It might seem that we should take this scene seriously as a failed attempt at courtship, and that consequently we should see the grey mare as an unrequited lover. But it makes more sense if we see that Swift is being satiric here: it is the female Houyhnhnm who makes the move, which would not have happened in eighteenth-century England. The Houyhnhm is being prideful, and it is that pride that makes him unable to impress Gullivers horse. Gulliver imagines the horse saying, Sblood, the notion of creating the bare backed beast with an animal who had held Mr. Pope on her back makes me queezy .

A final indication that the Houyhnmns are not meant to be taken seriously occurs when the leader of the Houynhms visits Lilliput, where he visits the French Royal Society. He goes into a room in which a scientist is trying to turn wine into water (itself a prideful act that refers to the marriage at Gallilee). The scientist has been working hard at the experiment for many years without success, when the Houyhnmn arrives and immediately knows that to do: "The creature no sooner stepped through the doorway than he struck upon a plan. Slurping up all the wine in sight, he quickly made water in a bucket that sat near the door" .