大学英语作文写作方法与技巧【汇总20篇】

Time spent at a university is a most worthwhile period in a young persons life. This is a time when a student begins to form his or her ideas about life in general. Attending classes and studying in the library keep a student busy and provide him or her with access to valuable information， adding to his or her knowledge base.

Campus life can also be rich and colorful. Most universities offer a variety of extracurricular activities such as sports events， contests， and other social gatherings， enabling the students to experience relief from study and homework. Students often form lifelong friendships through the varied experiences of university life.

During the time a student spends at university， he not only develops his intellectual abilites，he also develops social skills as well as knowledge and wisdom necessary for choosing a future career. By learning how to balance intense study and recreation， a student will be well prepared for the challenges of future responsibilities.

大学里度过的时光是年轻人生活中最有意义的一个阶段，这个阶段是大学生普遍形成其人生观的开始，上课、在图书馆里忙碌学习是大学生们通向有价值信息的通道，增强他们的基础知识。

校园生活也是丰富多彩的，大多数大学都提供了各种各样的课外活动如体育比赛、演讲以及其它的社会活动，这使得学生们可以从学习和作业中获得一些轻松。学生们通过大学生活经历，常常会形成一生长久的友谊。

在学生度过大学时光期间，不仅会发展其智能，也会发展其社交能力以及其选择未来职业的知识与智慧，通过学习如何平衡紧张的学习与娱乐活动，学生将会为未来使命的挑战有良好的准备。

如果一百份试卷里都是清一色的“I think”简单句,那阅卷人读起来将会多么的乏味,乏味至极的阅卷人又如何能给得出高分?所以,我们在写句子的时候,要尽可能的变换句式和结构,让文章富于变化,错落有致。具体地说:中考作文中,我们可以尝试使用更多的复合句,主要是宾语从句、状语从句以及尝试变化语态。例如,2008年中考北京卷作文题,以汶川地震为背景描写一个叫做林浩的小英雄的故事以及自身感受。其中有一句细节描写叫做“他救出了自己的同学并步行七小时到达安全地点。”例文给出的句子是“he saved two of his classmates. Then he walked for seven hoursto safety。” 这句话我们可以改写成为一个从句:saving two of his classmates, Lin Haowalked for seven hours to safety。

如果再加上语态的变换,还可以改写成:Being saved from the earthquake, two of LinHao’s classmates walked for seven hours to safety with Lin Hao。这样的变化在作文中能够主动使用的话,一定会增加阅卷人的青睐,从而给你的文章增加获胜的筹码。

下面是由语文迷网小编精心为大家整理的英语写作高分技巧，供大家阅读参考。

一、要善于模仿

一些同学的办法往往是背一堆范文，然后再到考场上进行一个“剪切”、“粘贴”的工作，真正的模仿重点永远要放在一定的句式结构上，而非个别的词汇。有一个句式说：“…for the simple reason that…”表示某种现象的原因是什么，用在高考(课程)写作中，我们就可以拿来解释为什么自行车在中国如此的流行：“The bicycle is very popular in China for the simple reason that…”。然而，很多同学一谈到原因仍然是“…because…”。如果要表示“总是能够”的概念，很多同学提笔就会写can always，但理想的句子应该是用双重否定表示强烈的肯定，用never fail to。

二、要灵活变通

在批改过上万份同学们英语(课程)作文中，经常能发现一些将中文生硬地翻译成英文的表达法。有一句话叫做“立志如山，行道如水”，写英文作文，一定要有决心把它写好，有信心把意思表达清楚，这是“立志如山”;但关键是遇到问题时要有个灵活的态度，能像流水一样变通解决问题。有个翻译界的故事说：在某大型国际会议的招待会上，一道菜是用鸡蛋做的。与会的客人问翻译：“What is it made of”本来是非常简单的一个问题，结果翻译太紧张，忘了“egg”这个词，但是他急中生智，回答：“It is made of Miss Hen’s son.”这里，就是一个灵活变通的范例。绕道表达，是写作中应该常常运用的一种方法。

三、要细心观察

注意英语中一些表达上的习惯。比如在正式文体的写作中，很少用 “it isn’t”这样的略缩形式，而往往是一板一眼地写作 “it is not”。同理，在正式文体中的日期一般不缩写，阿拉伯数字一般会用英文表达(特别长的数字除外)。

许多同学在写作文时，习惯于把 “since” “because” “for”这样的词放在句首引导原因状语从句。事实上，在我们见到的英语报刊杂志文章中，这样的从句一般都是放在主句之后的。另外, “and”也常常被误放在一句话的开头，表示两个句子之间的并列或递进关系。其实，经常留心地道的英语文章能发现，如果是并列关系，完全可以不用连词;如果是递进关系，用 “furthermore” “what is more”更为普遍。

四、要心有全局

英文写作如果结构意识良好，应试写作就简化成为一个填空的过程了，适当地填入观点、素材，文章就自然而然立起来了。

Hello everyone！ My name is * * *, from Jiangsu * *. Very pleased to enter the academic atmosphere of the * * * * college. After all, for every student, public undergraduate is a dream that is worth working through. Today, it is becoming the youth of the post, dream of the stage, the struggle of the blue sky.

For this was rooted in the heart of the dream, we work hard, we fought in the busy high school life, we only know must strive to finish each paper, do well every quality inspection, in each examination room are outstanding. We dont even have time to ask ourselves if its going to be hard work.

Today, I finally arrived at * * * and came to the beautiful campus of the university. Actually, in March of this year, I stepped into this city with a long history for 4 times. However, the legend of the picturesque scenic spots: Dr. Sun Yat-sens Mausoleum, Mochou Lake, the Qinhuai River, Confucius temple, I never want to see. Those famous snacks, I did not want to have a try. I dont want to go shopping in those busy commercial centers in Xinjiekou.

Why? Because I am very clear, I came to * * *, the purpose is to participate in the art of radio and television director of the examination. I remember when I gave myself a chance to choose more, and in the confused eyes of my teachers and classmates, I often played the violin on my back, and took the south train at 4 in the morning.

What kind of day is that? While at the same time to course review, while also practicing the violin concerto butterfly, while reciting the historical geography textbooks, while also have time to read reviews, stories, practice commentary, prepared speech. Even with some basic drawings, I dare not relax. You may know: at Nanjing Arts Institute was next to a park, I took the examination room to see from the south, first, look at the list, and then to go to the provincial exam retest, located south Normal University, I dont know how many times through to a total of 8 times, this park? Or maybe the 10 time? But even today, I dont know what the name of that park is

When the Nanjing Arts Institute professional examination scores down, the provinces fifth results did not bring me joy. I am still in learning, in practice, a tiny bit are not slack. The teacher said, "you have got a good result in the cultural class. Why do you want to do art?" Students say: your violin level already by the China Conservatory of Music grade 8 examination, why practicing until late at night? I dont know how to answer. I just have to try and even try my best. In order to dream, in order to be able to enter the University hall.

Finally, my dream came true. I love art, but I love Chinese language and literature more. Although I gave up art, but art has shed sweat and no waste, because art is able to help us better understand the literature, literature and art combined with each other, a beautiful flower, bear the fruit of happiness.

I sincerely hope that with the help of teachers and students, I can bring my special skills in art field into full play in Chinese language and literature. We can have the opportunity to contribute to our professional development and the development of our school.

Thank you all!

议论文写作是几种常见文体中要求较高的一种。下面语文迷网整理了一些写作方法，希望对你有帮助。

一、议论文的文体特点和写作要求

英语议论文同中文议论文一样也是以议论的方式，通过摆事实、讲道理来阐述自己观点的一种文体。高中英语议论文是一种限制性的写作, 其论点、论据、论证都必须十分明确，学生必须结合题目要求来阐述相关观点。

议论文的结构可分为三个部分：1、引言段引出一个令人关注的问题或明白地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支持什么，反对什么。 2、主体段对提出的问题进行分析、推论、并运用归纳法、演绎法和类比法等进行论证，取得以理服人的效果。3、结论段可以用两三句话来结束文章，同时要注意重申论点，与引言段呼应，但不能照搬原话。务必做到论点明确、要点齐全、论证严密、结构严谨、层次分明、首尾呼应。

二、议论文的写作方法与技巧

一)、审好题

人们常说：“磨刀不误砍柴功”。审题是写作的开始，是写好作文的前提条件，“好的开始是成功的一半”，议论文写作也不例外。只有明确题目要求，确立观点，确定论证方法及全文段落安排，才可能成功写出一篇好的议论文。如果写偏了题，再精心的构思、再好的语言表达也是枉然。审题主要包括六个方面：一是判断议论文所属类型。英语议论文根据命题特点，从形式上来看可分为如下类型: ①“一分为二”的观点。如：“轿车大量进入家庭后，对家庭、环境、经济可能产生的影响”。②“两者选一”的观点。如：“乘火车还是乘飞机”。③“我认为……”型，如：“你对课外阅读的看法”。④“怎样……(how to)”型，如：“怎样克服学习中碰到的困难”。⑤ 图表作文，通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法(杨家贵，2005)。二是确立该文的论点或作者须持的观点，以及支撑论点的道理和事实。三是确定全文所包括的要点。四是确定段落数及每段适用的连接词、过渡句，使文章连接紧凑、过渡自然、层次分明。五是选择全文主要时态及各段适用的其它时态。六是判断该文的格式，是书信还是短文。审题完毕，随即列出提纲。

二)、注重主题句的设置

主题句又叫中心句(topic sentence)，是段落的论点，限制段落中议论的范围，是整个段落的纲领。主题句必须要正确，要明确表明作者赞成什么，反对什么。主题句在一篇百来字的议论文中好比“画龙点睛”，帮助作者分层次阐述自己的观点，让读者快速了解作者的观点。

1、确定主题句的位置

英语议论文的主题句宜设在段首第一句，这是由以下两个因素决定的。1)、主题句出现的位置有三种情况：①在段首，以便读者浏览主题句就可掌握文章的概要，这个位置适用于写提供信息或解释观点的段落;②在段末;③段中(高长梅，2000)。2)、英语民族的思维特点是常采用路标式(直线式)篇章结构，即主题句在段首。

2、写出好的主题句

好的主题句具有以下特点：①有一定的概括性，普遍性而不是罗列具体事实。②句意明确而不是模糊不着边际。③让人有话可写而不是给出无可辩驳的事实。④不以问题的方式出现，也不要同时表达两个以上的观点。笔者要求学生写了以下的主题句：

1)Staying up late is bad for our health.

2)The more cars, the better?

3)There are two reasons why some people are fascinated by Super Girls and two reasons why some dislike them.

4)Beijing is famous for the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace and other places of interest.

5)a. Tom is a middle school student.

b. Tom is a hard-working middle school student.

6)Living in small cities is better than living in big cities.

然后让学生对照主题句的特点，他们一致认为1)、5)b、6)为好的主题句。在实践和对比中，学生学会了如何写好的主题句，并且运用到议论文写作中，收到较好效果，见以下实例(下段黑体部分是主题句)。

Everyone lives by selling something. For example, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to calculate the true value of services which people perform for us. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

由此可见，好的主题句能帮助作者阐明观点，起到提纲挈领的作用。作者围绕段落的中心论点，运用多种方法展开论证，达到以理服人的效果。

三)、用好连接词和过渡句

从行文需要出发选用恰当的连接词、过渡句可使整篇文章文句流畅，句意转换自然，同时使表达合乎逻辑，文章结构严谨。倘若一篇议论文的段落里不乏高级词汇和复杂语法结构，但缺少了连接词、过渡句的润色而不能从一个观点自然地过渡到另一个观点，或段落里的各论据(supporting sentence)连接松散，势必削弱论证的效果，就算不上一篇好的议论文。下面分别说明如何有效运用连接词与过渡句。

1、句与句的连接词

连接词通常由连词、副词、介词短语和插入语等充当。如何有效使用连接词，使句意连贯、紧凑，以体现文章良好的严密的论证逻辑?

2.段与段的过渡句

过渡句帮助作者展示文章的条理和层次。恰当运用过渡句能使表达锦上添花。当文章从一个层次转换到另一个层次，或由一段内容转入另一段内容时需要用过渡句。恰当有效的运用过渡句，效果明显(见下文，题目及要求略，黑体部分为过渡句)。

Wearing school uniform every day spreads an order over many schools. Is it good or bad for students? Different people, however, have different opinions on this matter.

Some people say that it has a bad effect on developing students’ personal character. According to them, students are tired of wearing the same clothes every day, which is hard to tell who’s who. Furthermore, the cost of the school uniform is not low as many people think. With the bad quality, it’s not well worth the money.

However, as a popular saying goes: “Every coin has two sides.” Others argue that it is good for students. In their opinion, wearing school uniform will prevent students from wasting so much money on clothes and the time on catching up with the fashion. In addition, it’s easy for the teachers to recognize the students. There is no doubt that wearing school uniform every day is good for students.

In short, I firmly support the view that we should wear school uniform.(康珍，2005)

上文黑体部分综合体现了恰当、有效运用连接词和过渡句的最佳效果。全文行文流畅、衔接自然、条理清楚，浑然不觉作者是在套用各种连接词和过渡句。因此，非常有必要熟记一些常用典型的议论文过渡句，使议论文结构严谨，论点清楚，行文流畅。

1)引言段的常用过渡句

Recently we had a heated discussion on…, Opinions are various among different people.

Different people have different opinions on the question of …

They differ greatly in their attitudes towards …

Different people hold different views/opinions on this matter.

Although most people think… I believe…

此类过渡句能迅速引起读者注意，自然而然地引出全文要讨论的话题，或者开门见山地阐明文章的论点。

2)主体段的常用过渡句

Some may hold the view that… because… But others have a negative attitude. From their point of view…

Some people think that… While others believe…

Some people are for the idea of… because… But some people are against the idea of… because …

本文所指议论文的主体段可以是一段也可以是两段。通过正确使用过渡句，文章思路清晰，结构清楚，显示作者严谨思维，增强表达效果。

3)结论段的常用过渡句

As far as I am concerned, I totally agree with the statement that…

Therefore, it’s easy to draw the conclusion that…

As a consequence/result, I firmly support the view that…

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may reach the conclusion that…

To sum up/in a word/in conclusion/in short/above all/in general/ generally speaking, I still hold the view that…

运用过渡句的提示作用进入结论段，作者或是重申论点，或是强调论点，以便加深读者对全文的了解和深刻认识。

英语议论文范文：

Should Examination Be Abolished (取消)?

The examination system has come to be the main theme (主题)of modern education. One should take an examination andsucceed in passing it before he could be admitted， promoted or graduated. As it plays so important a role in the realm of education (教育的领域) it is under much criticism (评论) as to its validity (有效性) . People who are in favour of it try to develop this system more; those who are against it believe that such a system should be abolished. Should examination be abolished? In my opinion it should be.

Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge， but， in fact， that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.

Id like to say that， because of the existence of the examination system， students pay so much attention to gaining high marks， that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote (贡献) themselves to the study of textbooks only. They， of course， know nothing but the skeleton (梗概) of knowledge. The end and aim of education， however， is to enable students to learn how to live. To do this， students must get themselves to do all kinds of training， physicalas well as mental. The present examination system has discouraged students from making such an attempt.

Moreover， since the students try so hard to put their lessons into memory in as short a time as possible， psychologically (心理上来看)， they soon forget the whole subject as soon as the examination is over. Surely this is one of the greatest wastes ever made in the history of civilization.

Lastly， in order to get high marks， there is a great temptation (诱惑) for students to cheat (作弊) in an examination. Indeed， such a practice becomes the means to the end. They cheat their teachers， their parents and also themselves. Such a tendency would impair (损害) our moral standards (道德标准) .

Therefore， I am of the opinion， in conclusion， that the examination system should be abolished.

My name is Simon. Im 24 years old now. Im from Changsha University. I major in English, because I have the gift for language study.

我叫西蒙。我现在已经24岁了。我来自长沙大学。我的专业是英语，因为我有学习语言的天赋。

In my opinion, English is well-known all around the world. If I can speak excellent English, I could travel to everywhere in the world without language barriers. Now I can speak English like an American. Most of my classmates always envy my oral English.

在我看来，英语是全世界都出名的。如果我能讲一口流利的英语，我可以没有语言障碍在世界各地旅行。现在我英语说得像美国人一样。我的大多数同学都羡慕我的英语口语。

I like traveling very much. Through traveling, I can widen my perspective and know more about our world. Now I have been to so many cities, such as Guangzhou, Zhuhai, and Zhongshan. These cities are nice, clean and modern.

我非常喜欢旅游。通过旅游我可以开阔我的视野更加的了解这个世界。我到现在为止去过很多城市，如广州，珠海，中山。这些城市是很好，干净的和现代化的。

I think Im easy-going and hard-working. When Im at work, I always try my best to do everything well. I never let others do anything that I can do, and I never put off todays work to tomorrow. When you have difficulties, I’m eager to give you a hand if Im able to. I hope I can be your best friend.

我很随和也很勤奋。工作时，我总会尽我最大的努力把一切事情办好。 我不会让别人来替我做我能做的事情，我从来不会把今天的工作留到明天。当你有困难时，如果可以的话我很愿意帮忙。我希望我能成为你最好的朋友。

[大学自我介绍英语作文

对于我们农村地区的学生来说，英语写作非常困难。尤其在每一次的英语考试中，英语写作题型总是必不可少的，小编收集了初中期末英语作文的写作技巧，欢迎阅读。

一、学生写作过程中出现的现状

1.词汇量太少

词汇是英语写作必不可少的基本要素，要写好一篇作文以表达自己的思想，必须以足够的词汇量为基础，但实际上大多数学生掌握的词汇量都达不到规定的要求，因而在写作时也就不能随心所欲地表达自己的思想。出现的问题往往有拼写错误，影响理解;词语误用，表达不准确;某一词语反复使用，语言表达缺乏变式，文章显得单调乏味;文章中出现大量“造词”，让人看了啼笑皆非等。

语法规则和句型句式是英语写作涉及的另一基本要素。学生英语写作中出现的“大错”又多半是由语法错误引起的，学生在写作中语法不规范、句子结构混乱、含义不清等情况屡见不鲜，Chinese English现象更是不乏其中，所以词汇量和语法问题是中学生英语写作时首先要解决的问题。

2.词汇错误较多

学生在写作的时候，中式英语Chinglish ：如There are many people would like to go on a vacation. I by bike to school every day. 2、词汇错误：错别字、近义词混淆、词性误用3、词组、句型使用不正确，缺乏重点句型的使用：如I spent one hour to read the book yesterday. 4、时态、语态、人称把握不正确(审题不正确)。思维模式总是先汉语，后转化为英语，可能他想到了句子该怎样写，句型也知道的，但却有个别单词不会。如：“对我来说学英语是困难的”这个句子可能他想到了，句子结构“it is+adj for sb to do sth”也知道，但里面的形容词difficult不会写，导致句子表达含糊，以至于整篇文章错词百出，面目全非。

3.写出的长句达不到表达效果

一般的英语应试作文，总会给出汉语提示，学生写作也是从提示上入手，有的提示意思较长，所以学生写的时候会直接翻译，但对太长的句子又没有驾驭的能力，导致整个句子错误。

4.听力较弱影响写作能力

我们所面临的是一群农村学生，他们没有特别好的条件练习听力，每次的练习时间仅仅是每节英语课上，听听力的时间是在太少。有位作家说过：“不写没有读过的语言，不读没有说

的语言，不说没有听过的语言”。很明显，通过听的渠道获得语言信息及语言感受在英语学习中基础的基础。听不来也就写不上。

5.单词书写不规范，卷面书写较乱

对于大多数学生来说，格式、大小写、标点，书写不规范：句首字母大写不注意，使用从句时不会使用标点、大小写等)。如：After he went back home. He cooked supper.，考试时把单词写整齐的很少，学生普遍认为只要把单词写正确就可以得分，虽然觉得自己写的作文还可以，但卷子发下之后却没有得到期望的分数，而有的同学写作能力较差但书写整齐，写作得分也不是很低。

二、提高写作的方法

1.词汇的积累

初中学生在阅读理方面最大的障碍就是词汇量的缺乏，而扩大词汇量绝非死记硬背就能做到。最有效的方法就是大量接触各种不同体裁的英语文章，利用“在句中记，在文中记”的方法来积累词汇。因此我们指导学生依据英语报刊的特点，按栏目、话题、题材、体裁归类收集常用词，将出现频率较高的常用词汇积累到单词本子上，查字典写例句，初步学会这些单词的运用，放在身边，利用零散时间反复记忆，加强印象。

同时拟定时以单选、完型、阅读等形式考察学生对这些单词的掌握情况，通过测试和竞赛的方式进一步激发大家学习词汇的热情。不过，由于课程的时间安排问题，测试的工作开展较少，这也是实验工作中的一个不足。

2.熟练记住单词

( 1.) 巩固单词拼写，培养组句能力。 词汇匮乏是妨碍英语写作的最大障碍之一，有话想说，无词可写是大部分学生的苦恼。因此，我要求学生坚持每天听写、默写、循环记忆单词，掌握巩固词汇。还要求学生给出与单词有关的同义、近义、反义和词形相似的词，使词汇量得到最大限度的复现。如：反义词appear/disappear, crowded/uncrowded, polite/impolite/rude. 词形相似的词except/expect, chance/change/challenge. 还以某一词为中心，写出该词的不同形式或词性，组成典型的句型，从而不断丰富词汇和句型。如拼写单词die 时，不但要写出其过去式过去分词died，而且要写出其他词性(death, dead, dying), 再分别组句，如：The old man died two years ago. He has been dead for two years. His death made his dog very sad. It is dying.又如写到易混淆的词pay, spend, cost, take 时，可以多种方式表达句意。He paid 20 yuan for the book. He spent 20 yuan on the book. He spent 20 yuan buying the book. The book cost him 20 yuan. It takes him 20 minutes to read the book every day.等等。这样,通过大量的词汇练习不仅仅能有效地积累词汇，还为组句打下了基础，同时还能训练学生的发散性思维和总结、归纳、比较的能力，为学生正确使用词句奠定了良好的基础。以上这些机械操练虽然枯燥，但很有必要，它是能力培养的基础。在词句落实的基础上，可向学生提出稍高的要求，如写出高质量的句子： What a happy family I have ! (I have a happy family.) The story is so interesting that everyone likes it.( The story is very interesting. Everyone likes it. ) He didn’t come to school, because he was ill. (He was ill. He didn’t come to school.) I am good at not only English but also math.(I am good at English and I am good at math ，too. )( 2、) 阅读背诵精彩段落，围绕单元话题设计书面表达。 阅读是写作的 熟练记住每一话题的单词。熟记单词后让他们能够熟练的运用，能够把重点单词用来造句。然后熟记词组，特别是能够熟练的运用词组，能够用词组熟练造句。用词组和单词连成简单句，只要学生将句子表达清楚，语意连贯，就是一篇好的英语文章。

3.熟练使用简单句

简单句对学生来说相对好掌握些，可以要求学生们能够熟练划分主语、谓语、宾语。 正确掌握并列连词andbutor等词。在写作中要求学生不能随意发挥，也不能逐字逐句的翻译所给的文章，要求学生能抓住题中所给的条件，只要考生能将题中所给的要点全部表达清楚，而没有遗漏，在写作中并且注意到语言的连贯，那么就是一篇很好的英语文章。

4.加强听力训练，促进写作

目前英语听力教材使用的具体做法是：事先提出每课生词，教师领读几遍。排除生词障碍后，第一遍学生主让学生在课后反复听课文内容，并逐字逐句写下。每周星期五布置，星期一用课堂时间，教师将该文念一、二遍，让学生听写，教师收上来查阅，加以评讲。通过这种训练，提高学生的听力水平和表达能力。

5.书写规范，促进写作

关于书写的卷面整洁与否，字体如何，是老生常谈话题。可是由于印象分数的一分半分之差，很可能影响一生。在此处丢分纯属不值得，这也是笔者把它放在第一位的原因。在教学过程中，应坚持要求学生书写规范，写好匀笔斜体行书，注意连写，以及文面美观。可以采用出专刊的形式，让全班同学都参加英语书法评比，从而激发学生练习英语书写的兴趣，养成良好的书写习惯。

综上所述，在英语写作中听、说、读、写应同步发展。写作是一种语言输出形式，只有语言输入大于语言输出，语言输出才有可能。英语写作训练作为英语综合能力训练之一，是与英语的听说读是不可分割的，它们是相互影响、相互作用的有机统一体，必须注重听、说、读、写能力的同步发展。

比如笔者实施多年的“五分钟课前训练”：在上正课前五分钟里，要学生用英语讲述一个故事(积累素材);或者课前朗读一篇短小精悍的文章，让大家课后模仿;或者就大家平时关心的话题写一个发言稿或演讲稿进行课前发言;或者让学生自立主题，围绕自己喜欢的主题写一段话。这种课前训练取得了很好的效果。

美国作家舒伯特指出:“Reading is writing”，即：阅读能够促进写作，因为对学生而言,他们对生活的体验、对人生的认识大多是从书本上获得，从大量的阅读中获取的，阅读不仅能帮助学生积累思想,也能帮助他们积累语言素材。“You ought to read very carefully. Not only very carefully，but also aloud，and that again and again till you know the passage by heart and write it as if it were your own.” 这就清楚地说明了熟读成诵对写作是多么重要。所以要想写出好文章,就必须大量读书，它是写作的基础。

阅读对写作固然重要，但其它形式写作训练同样不可忽视，英语写作实践是英语写作理论转化为写作能力的“中介”。英语写作要突出实践，正如学习游泳一样，写作的能力是练出来的。课外练笔是课堂写作训练最有益的补充，因为课堂时间有限，仅靠课堂写作训练培养学生的写作能力是不够的。作文不是“学”出来的，而是“写”出来的。学生必须进行大量的写作练习才能掌握并且灵活运用各种写作技能，而且写作技能只有在不断写作的过程中才能逐步得到提高和完善。

此外,学生的英语语言意识和英语思维能力的培养也需要大量的练习。可见,课外练笔非常必要，应该给予重视。课外练笔的形式多种多样，可采用让学生写英语日记、写英语周记，教师也可有意识地给学生提供一些尽量贴近生活的时尚话题，如奥运会、环境保护等，让学生在课外习作。

☆定语和状语（时间、地点等）都属于附加成分，在基本句型中一般都不列出。

☆时态包含于句子中，任何句子都有时态。

1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)：S+V

It will rain tomorrow.

He often runs in the morning.

They cried.

Tom exercises every day.

2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语：S+V+O

I miss my mother very much.

She wants to go home now.

The English club is going to hold an English party.

They all love her.

3主语＋系动词＋表语：S+V+P

The music sounds wonderful.

The leaves have turned red.

She is a student.

We keep silent about that.

4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语（人）＋直接宾语（物）：S+V+IO+DO

The teacher gave a book to him.=The teacher gave him a book.

They told me an interesting story.

The waitress offered me a bottle of wine.

My father will buy me a bike.=My father will buy a bike for me.

Miss Smith teaches us English.

5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语：                                      S+V+O+C

They call me Xiao Wang.

I saw him swimming in the river.

We elected him monitor of the class.

写作的“七项基本原则”：

一、 长 短 句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：

Asa creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet theprimary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectualneed of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉?牢记!

强烈建议：在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短，且先长后短;在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、 主 题 句原则

国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事!

特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、 一 二 三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1)first, second, third, last(不推荐，原因：俗)

2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐，原因：俗)

读: 525次 大小: 39KB(共8页)

3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐，原因：俗)

4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐，原因：俗)

5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)

6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)

7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)

8)most important of all, moreover, finally

关于学习英语的好处英语作文 9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

四、 短语优先原则

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如：

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.

I want it.

可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.

这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、 多实少虚原则

原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart,

gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：

走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room

小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room

小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room

老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room

所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩!

六、 多变句式原则

1)加法(串联)

都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：

I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.

如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：

Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.

其它的短语可以用：

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2)转折(拐弯抹角)

批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

The coat was thin, but it was warm.

更多的短语：

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3)因果(so, so, so)

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!

The snow began to fall, so we went home.

更多短语：

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4)失衡句(头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重)

有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。

举例：This is what I can do.

Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：

When to go, Why he goes away

5)附加(多此一举)

如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他;或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.

Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.

其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行

词之前。关于学习英语的好处英语作文

6)排比(排山倒海句)

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.

Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.

We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

七、 挑战极限原则

既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀!

原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪! 上大学的好处英语作文

The college life is wonderful. All life in school are fresh. New teachers, new CLASSmates and fresh friends are around me。 The grand library, school buildings and wide playground are very attracting to me. I am very eager to learn much knowledge quickly. In high school, I was ever called as a runner before time. Now,I know I am behind time so much in fact. I hope to catch up with the time by my hard studying. When I entered the CLASSroom at first time, I was headache as I couldn’t understand what the professor was speaking. I met much difficulties at math, physics and other courses, even though I used to be good at these sciences. Therefore, I learn these courses myself after CLASS. After three months, the exmination indicated that I overcame all the difficlties. I study English hard as well. It makes me have many chances to communicate with foreigners. I made friends with many foreign teachers and students. From them, I learn many knowledge about foreign culture.

Besides study, my college life is also very colorful. I’d like to take any chance to improve my communication skill. Last year, I organized a speech match in management department. All the CLASSmates were very interested in this kind of activity. I learned from them much about their hometown, their knowledge and opinions.

My college life is long and short. I believe that I can spend a good time in the four years. I hope I will have no any regretion when I look back the short youth of college in the future.

My life in the University of Education

How time flies! It has been about two years since I came to the University of Education. Every coin has two sides. On the one hand, I am quite satisfied with my university life. On the other hand, life in my university is not as satisfactory as what we had expected.

University is not only a place where you can learn something useful from textbooks, but also a place where you can improve your ability to communicate with others.

During the year university study, I can not only acquire a lot of book learning, but also foster various abilities. All types of extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests, different social gatherings and traveling provide opportunities to make friends, many of these friendships may last a long time. I like talking and playing with others, so I own many friends. Sometimes I feel lonely, angry and also homesick. But fortunately I own these good friends. They helped me spend these sad days. I find words cannot express my sincere thanks to them. But I know when they need help; I will do everything that I can do to help those who helped me before.

I like going to the library where you can find these words on the wall: "Knowledge is power." and "Keep silence!" after class every day. Because I know that we must learn every day. I think the life in university of Education is full of freedom, but I never waste time. Life is not easy

for everybody, especially for those who hopes to lead a happy life”, a famous lady once said. That is to say, you have to try your best to learn and to pass exams in order to make your life become better and better with time going on. So I never give up learning even go to the college.

Sometimes I also want to own more free time to do my own things. But we have too many classes. So I think life in my university is not as satisfactory as what we had expected. The teaching method is boring; instead of lecturing, some teachers just "read" lessons. I hate it. I want to more free time in class.

During the time I spend at the University of Education, I not only develops my intellectual abilities, I also develop social skills as well as knowledge and wisdom necessary for choosing a future career.

In short, we should value our life in the University of Education. Although there are many things lacking, the four years in the university is a worthwhile period in our whole lifetime.

英语写作是学生学习的一个盲点，缺乏对写作的专门训练和反思，老师的工作量大，造成作文讲评大多数时候只谈现象，因此学生学得也不具体、不深入，忽略写作技能的提高，甚至误认为只要句子结构正确，无单词拼写错误就应该得满分。同学们应该走出对英语写作认识上的误区。那么怎样才能写出一篇优秀作文，而在中考中获取高分呢？

一、写作决窍

总体把握，要点齐全；人称时态，逻辑清楚；

关键词汇，动词第一；组词成句，结构完整；

组句成文，连词增色；此路不通，绕道迂回；

字迹工整，留好印象；从句适量，高分有望。

1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息，告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。

2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后，根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料；同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。

3.写完要点，但不随意发挥。

4.先草稿，后抄写。

At the end of the summer vacation, I cant help feeling excited and curious. How many times I have dreamed that my university life will be meaningful and beautiful.

At the beginning of university life, I think study and exercise are the most important thing. So I must improve my spoken English and written ability. Besides, I will make more friends and participate in other activities. Fortunately, I took part in two departments successfully. What a happy new for me! In my opinion, importantly, these departments can promote my comprehension and communication ability. At the same time, I will get many chances to exercise in new school life. It will make my life become more and more colorful.

After I entered the new university for two months, I adapt the new environment and meet many classmates and teachers. I feel happy when I made friends with them who can bring me more happiness and challenging.

There are many different aspects between high school and university. Firstly, I think independence is an ability for oneself in the university, but it is not in the high school. You must do everything by yourself. Secondly,we will have a lot of spare time,and we can do many things in this time. For example,we can read in our school library,we can play basketball or football in the stadium, we can have a rest in your dormitory and so on. Thirdly, you will have many activities and you can participate in it. At the same time,you have many chances to exercise your ability,study how can we do it better and promote our team spirit. Compared with high school life, I think my university life will be better and more interesting than high school.

As we all know, college is a place where students can cultivate their professional skills, but more and more students now lose their heart in study. They are addicted to playing computer games or other activities. If the Internet is not turned off, they would rather stay up to play than go to bed. Why this phenomenon gest so common? How really should do to college students?

我们都知道大学是一个可以培养学生的专业技能的地方，但现在越来越多的学生无心学习。他们沉迷于玩电脑游戏或其他活动。如果没有断网，他们宁愿熬夜玩电脑而不是去睡觉。这种现象为什么如此的普遍?大学生真正应该怎么做?

Maybe I can explain the first question with some reasons. Nowadays, college students are under more pressure from school work and coming employment. On one hand, they should try to pass the tests to get credit; otherwise they can’t get the academic degree. They may be defeated by the challenges or difficulties. They just want to do something exciting to escape the problem what they faced. On the other hand, college life is more flexible. Students could choose various ways to study. If they can’t make good use of time wisely, the result is that they will get lost. Students give up easily and can’t behold on consistently and persistently.

也许我可以解释第一个问题。如今，大学生学业、就业的压力越来越大。一方面，他们应该通过考试来获得学分;否则他们不能获得学位证书。他们可能会被挑战或困难打败。他们只想做一些令人兴奋的事来逃离他们所面临的问题。另一方面，大学生活更灵加的活。学生可以选择各种方法来学习。如果他们不能充分理智地利用时间，他们就会迷失。学生轻易放弃，而且不能有始有终、坚持不懈。

So the most lack to college students is willpower .Just as the old saying goes, “where is a will, where is way.” If college students want to do something perfectly, they should stick to it every day and do not let other things distract their aims. Then they will be a great winner in college and life.

所以大学生最缺乏的是意志力。正如俗话所说，“有志者事竟成。”如果学生想要做好某件事，他们就要每天坚持做，不要让其他的事情分散他们的目标。这样他们在大学生活中将是一大赢家。

In my family, there are only three people, my parents and I. because of my

parents’ work, they could only have one child at that time, so I don’t have any

siblings. I felt so lonely when my parents went out for their work. Now the

government changed their policy, people can have the second child. But some

people refuse because they think they can’t afford it. Despite the expense,

there are many advantages to have the second child. For one thing, the only

child can have someone company, so they won’t feel lonely on the process of

growing up. For another thing, two kids will help each other, they can share

things together. Learning to share things is a very important lesson for

children. In Chinese tradition, more kids, more better, but I think two are

perfect for the family.

一. 肯定不如否定好

修辞的使用在书面表达中算作很大的亮点，在高中阶段很少有学生会注重修辞的应用。

双重否定也是种修辞，而且对于考生来说，只要稍加注意，可以在文章中设计双重否定的句子。

例如想表达“邮递员天天准时到”，如果写成The postman comes on time every day，就不如变成双重否定，The postman never fails to come on time，就变成了亮点句，起到强调作用。

“几乎每个人对生活的态度都不同程度受到地震的影响”，写成双重否定There was hardly a man or a woman whose attitude towards life had not been affected by the earthquake.

应用类似的修辞会在中为同学们加分。

二. 陈述不如倒装妙

在书面表达中阅卷老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种：倒装，强调，从句，独立主格和分词结构，以及虚拟语气。

倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。在高中阶段只需掌握倒装的四种形式，就足以应对书面表达。

英语写作对许多考生来说是令人头痛的难题。究其原因，造成写作困难的因素很多，根据我们对考生的了解，可归结为以下两个主要方面。

第一，在外语学习五项能力――听、说、读、写、译――的训练方面，学生从中学到大学在听、说、读三项能力方面得到的训练比较多，而在写的能力上得到的培养最少，有时最基本的写句训练都是靠做选择项的形式来完成的，很少有真正动手写的机会；因而很多学生在做语法题或改错时有敏锐的辩别力，能够找出很复杂的语法错误，可是一旦自己真正动笔写，却错误多得不得了，而且很多都是最简单最基本的语法错误。所以，平时写的少，练的少，是构成写作困难的主要原因。

第二，不少学生缺乏对写作知识和写作技巧的了解和学习。他们一写作文，就感到脑子空空，不知如何下笔，写起来也是想到哪儿，写到哪儿，有时还东拼西凑，因而写作文时，常常是低水平上的重复，提高不快。如果能了解和学习一些英语写作知识，加上适当的指导和训练，写作水平会很快得到提高。考生要根据所给题目、素材、写作提纲、规定情景或图表等在40分钟内写出不少于150词的短文。要求内容切题，表达清楚，意义连贯，语言比较规范。根据大纲的要求，考生要想在短文写作中取得高分，首先要具备两方面的英语基本功：一是较强的句子表达水平，句子要写正确、表达准确到位，要有一定的英语修辞知识。二要具备英语语篇写作知识，这样才能适应不同类型的命题，主动灵活有条理地运用自己的语言知识和能力写好短文。此外，考生还应对作文考题有一定的了解，知己知彼才能稳操胜券。

考题特点

(1)作文选材均为热门话题并贴近生活作文选题范围均为当今社会的热门话题，从电视广告到希望工程，从父母与子女的关系到拥有健康的重要性，从世界烟民现状到近年盛行一时的“承诺”，环境保护，无不反映了当前公众最为关注的事。

(2)文体多为说明文与议论文说明文和议论文用途较广，我们平时接触的文章、报纸、信件等等多为这两种体裁。在工作岗位上所撰写的材料大多也是说明文或议论文。因而考这种体裁的写作比较符合实际需要。

(3)出题形式趋于多样化。这一变革显示了对提高考生的实际运用语言能力的重视，同时也要求考生要在多写多练上下功夫，这样对才能在作文考试中夺取高分。提高笔头表达能力是关键：我们希望广大考生要在切实提高英语写作水平上下功夫，不能靠扣题、押题或背诵一些短文应付考试，其结果必然与希望的相差甚远。背诵是学习英语的一种好方法，但仅靠背诵来提高英语写作水平是不够的。写作水平的提高还是要靠亲自动笔写，多写多练，把学到的语言知识运用到写作中去。

考生可以参考以下方法进行写作练习。

1.多读范文多读范文能使考生了解写作方法，写作的常用词汇，记住其中一些比较好的用法。

2.多写作文12月前应该每周写一篇作文并且要把每一篇写好，不要在一个水平上反复重复，要力争写好每一篇，这样写几篇后就会有收获。临近考试，可以按照规定时间写作，此时写作的题目要广泛，各种话题都要写一些，以增强适应性。

3.写作时可以多查字典，不看范文写作时遇到不会写的词句要多查字典，还要看该词的用法，这样才能保证正确使用；写前不要看范文，看了范文会影响自己的思路，写完后再参看范文。

4.注意书写整齐平时写作就要注意书写整齐，规范，要在平时养成良好习惯，在考场上才能发挥得好。字迹潦草，卷面不干净会影响成绩。

In the twinkling of an eye the summer is over, I know this summer for you with the usual meaning. This is a transition from high school to university, and a prelude to your maturity and independence.

I know a lot of people are excited and excited now. They are full of expectation and expectation for university life. At the same time, they will also have many doubts and worries, and dont know how to face many things. Actually, a year ago, when I first entered university, these puzzles were also on my side. I was always in a dilemma with many things and even sometimes made wrong decisions.

For a year, I have some things for some of their insights, perhaps the sentiment is too subjective, perhaps is wrong, is not suitable for you, but I still want to share with you, if I said not right, do not meet everyones mind, or to a lot of big family excuse, because it just represents my personal; but if I say, what word makes you get a tiny bit of inspiration or harvest, I will be the great honor, because it can get other peoples identity itself is a very comforting thing. Then, then, I will talk briefly about my personal feelings and opinions about some of the things in college life.

以下是由语文迷网小精心整理提供的关于高考的英语写作技巧，一起来看看吧。

一、要善于模仿

一些同学的办法往往是背一堆范文，然后再到考场上进行一个“剪切”、“粘贴”的工作，真正的模仿重点永远要放在一定的句式结构上，而非个别的词汇。有一个句式说：“…for the simple reason that…”表示某种现象的原因是什么，用在高考(课程)写作中，我们就可以拿来解释为什么自行车在中国如此的流行：“The bicycle is very popular in China for the simple reason that…”。然而，很多同学一谈到原因仍然是“…because…”。如果要表示“总是能够”的概念，很多同学提笔就会写can always，但理想的句子应该是用双重否定表示强烈的肯定，用never fail to。

二、要灵活变通

在批改过上万份同学们英语(课程)作文中，经常能发现一些将中文生硬地翻译成英文的表达法。有一句话叫做“立志如山，行道如水”，写英文作文，一定要有决心把它写好，有信心把意思表达清楚，这是“立志如山”;但关键是遇到问题时要有个灵活的态度，能像流水一样变通解决问题。有个翻译界的故事说：在某大型国际会议的招待会上，一道菜是用鸡蛋做的。与会的客人问翻译：“What is it made of”本来是非常简单的一个问题，结果翻译太紧张，忘了“egg”这个词，但是他急中生智，回答：“It is made of Miss Hen’s son.”这里，就是一个灵活变通的范例。绕道表达，是写作中应该常常运用的一种方法。

三、要细心观察

注意英语中一些表达上的习惯。比如在正式文体的写作中，很少用 “it isn’t”这样的略缩形式，而往往是一板一眼地写作 “it is not”。同理，在正式文体中的日期一般不缩写，阿拉伯数字一般会用英文表达(特别长的数字除外)。

许多同学在写作文时，习惯于把 “since” “because” “for”这样的词放在句首引导原因状语从句。事实上，在我们见到的英语报刊杂志文章中，这样的从句一般都是放在主句之后的。另外, “and”也常常被误放在一句话的开头，表示两个句子之间的并列或递进关系。其实，经常留心地道的英语文章能发现，如果是并列关系，完全可以不用连词;如果是递进关系，用 “furthermore” “what is more”更为普遍。

四、要心有全局

英文写作如果结构意识良好，应试写作就简化成为一个填空的过程了，适当地填入观点、素材，文章就自然而然立起来了。

临考在即，同学们要牢记英语写作的基本要领，特编顺口溜如下：细审题，巧构思，列要点，防遗漏。写日记，同汉语;书信，通知格式要牢记。看清图表细梳理，写人记事按顺序;完稿后查遗漏，整洁干净莫忘记。

一篇文章通常可分为三个部分，即开头、正文和结尾。这三个部分安排是否得体，直接影响到文章的质量。

文章的开头一般来说应尽量做到开门见山，用简单明白的叙述引出文章的话题，使读者了解文章要谈论什么，一下于引起读者的兴趣。

作文常见的开头形式大致有以下几种：

1.开门见山，揭示主题

文章一开头，，就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如How I Spent My Vacation的开头可以写成：

I Spent my last vacation happily．

Honesty的开头可以写成：

Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a liar，and is looked upon by honest people．

2.交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头

在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如A Trip to Jinshan 的开头可以写成：

The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan. The bus ride there took three hours. The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.

3. 回忆性的开头

用回忆的方法来开头。例如A Trip to the Taishan Mountain的开头是：

导语：如果英语作文中，有要求要点的，一般打分时是踩点给分的，准确把握住要点，是高分的一个诀窍。下面是yjbys作文网小编为您收集整理的资料，希望对您有所帮助。

英语中，同一思想用不同句式表达，其效果会大不相同。要想写出好的文章，就要不断地变化句子的结构形式。

l、长短句交替使用

句子的长短是为表达思想服务的。英语短句结构简单，意思明白具有生动活泼而又干脆利索的表达效果，而长句结构复杂，信息丰富，能表达成熟的思想与复杂的概念。一味地使用长句或短句会使文章显得单调，乏味，从而影响文章的总体效果。科学地交替使用长短句使句子结构变化多样，不仅给文章带来顿挫起伏的语言美感，而且可以受到理想的修辞效果。请看下面的这段话：

She returned to her office.There was a note under the door. It was from Mr May.He said he was waiting for her in the coffee room.And he bad not found her sister.Hewas sorry to have missed her.

这段话用了一连串的短句，读起来单调呆板，平淡无味。为使文字更加生动，意思更加明确可改为：

When she returned to her office，the found a note from Mr May under the door.He said he was waiting for her in the coffee room and hadnt found her sister yet.Headded that he was sorry to have missed her.

修改后三个句子长短不一，读起来就给人以不同的感觉。

又如《大学英语》第一册第十课 Going Home，当汽车驶至 Brunsnick，车上的年轻人看见黄手帕时，出现了以下这两行文字：

Then，suddenly，all of the young people were up out of thelr seats，screamlng andshouting and cryin, doing small dances of joy.All except Vlngo.这两句话一长(23个词)一短(3个词)，彼此衬托互为凸现。第一句的两个and和四个-ing词，把热闹、喧哗的气氛喧染极至，长句之后，蜂回路转，一个仅三个词的短句扑入读者的双目几乎沸腾的场面顿时凝固但其余音未绝，此时外表虽冷漠，内心却炙热难当。

2、句子开头的多样化

“主-谓-宾”、“主-系-表”是英语的基本句型，主语领先句也是用得最多的句型。写作中为避免形式单一，当句子可以用主语开头，同时又可以其它结构开头时，不妨变换一下。如：

(1)Defeated in the minor exchanges,I now play my queen of trumps.(分词短语做状语开头)

(2)There are two ways in which one can own a book.( there be句型开头)

(3)Equally important is a good habit of reading(表语开头)

以上各句都可以用主语开句，但在篇章中通过改变句子开头，文章就会疏落有致，语言形式丰富多采。

3、句子结构的多样化

写作中可以通过句型结构的变化来增添文采，强化表现力。如：

(l) The love of the liberty is the love of the others;the love of power ls thelove of ourselves.

(平行结构.这类结构整齐、紧凑;句子生动、鲜明，语义贯通、语势强劲有力。)

(2)The days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation are gone.(这样表达文字通顺，但语意不很突出。)

改为：Gone are the days when we suffered fron oppression andexploitation.

(采用倒装句结构后，充分体现出受剥削受压迫的人民解放后扬眉吐气的心情。)

附注：

各个档次的给分范围及标准(满分25分)

A.第五档(很好)：(21-25分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.覆盖所有内容要点。3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。

B.第四档(好)：(16-20分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.达到了预期的写作目的。

C.第三档(适当)：(11-15分)1.基本完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。6.整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

D.第二档(较差)：(6-10分)1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

E.第一档(差)：(1-5分)1.未完成试题规定的任务。2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。6.信息未能传达给读者。

F.不得分：(0分)未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。