腊八英语作文写作素材【汇集20篇】

对于作文这一部分来说，大家应该首先了解不同文章的特点和规律，下面是小编整理的2017考研英语高分作文写作方法，欢迎阅读。

一、了解意图，抓住精髓

近年来的大作文非常玄妙，值得细品。首先，很可能大作文正在经历由时事向哲理过渡的重大变革，这在2001年、2002年、2004年、2007年、2009和2010年真题上表现得最为明显。其次，出题人将尽量用图画来表达意图，而不借助或少借助图中或图旁的文字，这样意义表达的会更深刻，对考生的思考力和判断力的要求也就更高。第三，图画的含义深刻，可以接受的解释也较多，但要想取得高分，必须紧扣图画，把握住其中的精髓，最深刻地表达其核心的意义。

二、扣紧主题

写大作文时切记要扣紧主题，切不可离题太远，导致最后回不来或时间不够写不完。另外，各部分之间的比例应适当，第一段不要太长。与主题相关的关键词语一定要用对，否则会影响分数。

三、看清要求

有的同学一看到写“网络”，就立即联想到这方面最火爆的话题“网络成瘾”，将主题确定为此。有的同学干脆将之转变为自己看到过的文章——“网络的利与弊”。这些都是不正确的做法。写大作文时，首先要减少语言的错误，提高语言的准确性。语言错误有许多种，有的是小错误，甚至可以忽略不计，而有些是大错误，是让老师看到后不得不扣分的错误。另一方面就是增加闪光点，除了结构清晰外，闪光点主要指好的词、词组或句型，一是使用恰当，二是要有变换。上述这两点都不容易，而结合起来就更难了。如果文章分为三段，那么起始段、结尾段和中间段落的开始部分是非常关键的。对于背诵的好词、词组和句型，一定要和具体的行文联系起来，融入到文章中去，不仅要用对，还要用好，避免给人突兀的感觉。

四、避免投机取巧

近年来，有些考生有投机的心理，结果却很惨烈。有的考生准备了万能模板，直接往上套，这样的效果并不好。正如有的较为激进的阅卷老师所说，这些考生是想通过不诚实的手段得到不属于他的东西，这样的人应该得到惩罚。实际上这些考生中有的水平还不错，如果坚持依靠自己，咬紧牙关奋力拼搏的话，结果会是不错的。

综上所述，对于作文这一部分来说，大家应该首先了解不同文章的特点和规律，而后用心地学习范文并进行模仿，然后练习全文写作并请老师批改再细细揣摩。相信通过这样的过程，大家的写作一定会有长足的进步。

导语：善意应该是一种常态，是流在血液里的基因，是不需要大肆宣扬的品质。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

有些善意，并非只有在紧要关头才能感受到它。

有次等红灯，我低头看手机，突然有只大手轻轻地护住我，我抬头看到一个白发老人，他说：“这车开得太快了。”原来是老爷爷担心车蹭到我而保护我。

在伦敦街头常常遇到没有交通灯的小路，我每每停下来等着过马路的时候，汽车也总是停下来，我们就僵在那里，司机总是示意一定要行人先走。

这些细微的善意，让我感到被这个世界温柔地对待。无论种族、财富、出身，它们如呼吸的空气，如土地里钻出的绿草，不知不觉中让人们柔软。那些生命中曾经出现的温柔又害羞的人，他们默默给予善意，却绝口不提，这是一种恩惠。

很难承认这个事实，但我们确实太久难以感受到善意，就像感官系统生了锈，像忘掉了所有读过的童话和寓言。在工作中，原本很简单的事总有人故意设置障碍，并非出于伤害的目的，甚至有时不为获取利益，只是为了让别人不那么顺利。小心思在兜里捏来捏去，把简单变复杂，只为让彼此别太舒服，给人添堵成了一个重要环节。

缺乏善意，人们相互不信任，即便收到好意也不敢简单相信，总是揣测这背后出于什么目的。久而久之，人们恶性循环，对匮乏善意的世界习以自然，把恶意当常态，在算计与谎言中筋疲力尽。

缺乏善意，人们不愿意相信那些看上去美好的人，更愿意偏执地认为比自己优秀的人只不过交了好运，比自己勤奋的人只不过更功利。他们诽谤自己没有的品质，看不到他人身上的优点，欣赏不到他们发光的才华和人格。真的智慧不是以刻薄的面目出现的，那充其量是一点自不量力的小聪明。人的困境已经很多，真无需再相互添堵。

善意应该是一种常态，是流在血液里的基因，是不需要大肆宣扬的品质。遇到己所不知的不立刻否定，有一种开放的态度;遇到与己不同的，不去批判，而去理解和接纳。世间没有绝对的好，没有绝对的坏，只有善意，是一种远见。

导语：自然界发展的历史就是“物竞天择”淘汰的历史;人类发展的历史就是“百舸争流”竞争的历史。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的写作素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

伟大的思想家马克思，他潜心研究推翻资本主义，使人类进去一个更理想的社会，但着仅他一个人是不够的，另一个叫拂里德里希。恩格斯得人帮助他和他一起研究这种理论，并且称之为"科学社会主义"。他们的这种成功不就是合作而完成的吗?如果是一个人，或就没有如此大得逞就。

一个美国成功人士说过："没有永远的朋友，也没有永远的敌人。"着句话说的没错。秒年个个很要好的朋友，很可能在某些因素下成为敌人，毕竟金钱，名利的诱惑是很大的，我们不能保证人都能对朋友忠诚。更有可能，着只是外表的朋友。敌人也是一样的，我们么有永远的敌人，就像棉队中考，考场上，我们都是竞争的对手，谁也不会因为什么关系而放弃自己的学业。但是，在平常学习中，我们一起学习，互相帮助，着就是朋友是合作，我们没有选择的余地。生活在这个社会里，生下来就要竞争，只有强者才能生存，着也告诉我们一个道理，忽然做给了我们内充分的准备，竞争给了我们表现的机会。我们要合作也要竟镇，要成为双赢的群体，只有这样，我们才能声错，才有竞争的资格。竞争能激发个人的主动性和积极性，提高学习效率和工作效率，促使人的潜力得到充分发挥，使人们不断进取，奋发向上;在与竞争对手的比较中，能发现自身的不足，取长补短，使自己进步、发展得更快。取长补短、携手共进，是我们在合作中竞争的目标。

竞争与合作看似很遥远，其实它们是紧密项链的，我们要在竞争中寻求合作，在合作中竞争。人不是万能的，如果兔子背着乌龟跑，乌龟背兔子过河，那这个成果就不仅仅是乌龟兔子任何一个成绩这样简单了。也就是说，我们要把自己的短处与别人的长处相结合，别人的短处用自己的优势去弥补，着样，我们就真的做到了赢!

竞争与合作并不是一对“敌对兄弟”，竞争离不开合作。因为有合作才能优势互补、取长补短、收拢五指、攥紧拳头、形成合力。既竞争又合作，才能突破孤军奋战的局限，实现双赢或多赢在常人看来，竞争与合作是一对“敌对兄弟”，“一山不容二虎”嘛!这一点被眼下我国葡萄酒市场异常激烈的竞争所印证。从市场之争到标准之争，从品牌之争到原产地命名之争，在葡萄酒这个不大的领地王国里，刀光剑影，杀声阵阵，正演绎着一场场悲壮的战争

要彻底扭转这种局面，必须学会合作，在公平竞争的同时，保持良好的合作态势，逃脱愈演愈烈的降价漩涡。再比如“神州”和“万家乐”是旗鼓相当的两家大型热水器生产厂家。“神州”的广告语为“款款神州，万家追求”，而“万家乐”的广告语为“万家乐崛起于神州”。他们各自的广告语中都包含了对方的产品品牌。这样双方都能扬名获利。你把客户送到我这里，我把客户送到你那里。两种热水器迅速走进千家万户，为两家企业带来丰厚利润。他们在竞争中合作，实现了双赢。一是没有合作的竞争只能造成协作双方的两败俱伤，特别是那种置道德不顾的不正当竞争，其最终结果只能是害人害己，教育学生要反对不正当竞争，：竞争意识。二是竞争与合作是对立统一的关系，在合作中有竞争，在竞争中有合作，教育学生竞争不忘合作。因为，竞争与合作是统一的。合作不能没有竞争，没有竞争合作是一潭死水，合作是为了更好地竞争，合作越好，力量越强，成功的可能性就越大;竞争不能没有合作，没有合作作竞争是孤单的无力的竞争，是“你死我活”或两败俱伤。

一、单项选择题

(1)先易后难：一些考题的答案比较容易选定，可以先从这些考题入手。平时练习时，应以基础为主，主要精力不应放在偏题、怪题上。

(2)分析考查意图、运用相关知识：应学会分析出题者考查的意图，明确相关题的测试点是什么，然后运用所学知识，进行分析、判断，再进行选择。

(3)利用暗示进行选择：注意考题涉及的语境范围。平时应注重对习惯用语表达、惯用法和中英文化差别等方面知识的积累。

(4)运用排除法：可采取语言排除、逻辑排除、语法排除或选择排除等方法。先排除较容易、较明显的错误选项，缩小范围，而后对剩余的选项进行比较分析，最后确定答案。

二、完形填空题

1、搭配判断法。

根据对以往试题的分析，搭配型考题在完形填空题中占的比例最高。搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配的熟练程度，比如说哪些词要搭配不定式、动名词或某种从句，哪些词必须与某个介词搭配。我们在复习时要特别注意短语动词和介词的固定搭配。

2、结构判断法。

结构型问题主要包括句型、句式、连接词的选择等，解题时要运用句法知识，把握关键词，从而做出迅速正确的判断。完形填空题中有很多是利用语法的正确性与逻辑的排斥性间的矛盾来设计的。因此考生应结合上下文的合理性及意义关系的逻辑性选择最佳答案。完形填空中常考的逻辑关系主要有：

(1)转折、让步关系：这种关系表明后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。

常见的表示转折、让步的词或词组有：but，still，yet，however，though，although，no matter，in spite of，anyway，even if等。

(2)因果关系：

表示原因的连词或词组有：because (of )，due to，owing to，thanks to，since，for，as等。

表示结果的词或词组有：so，therefore，then，as a result，in consequence，consequently，thus等。

(3)递进、补充关系：这种关系表示对前一事实或观点做进一步阐述。

常用的词、词组有：moreover，likewise，besides，in addition，also，too，not only…but also，apart from，what‘s more 等。

(4)对比、比较关系：对比观点或事物间的差异性，比较观点或事物间的同一性。

表示对比的词或词组有：in contrast，by contrast，on the contrary，conversely，unlike，oppositely 等。表示比较的词或词组有：like，in comparison，compare…with，as，just as等。

3、词义判断法。

词汇型问题也是完形填空的一个考点，主要测试考生在段落语篇中把握语义连贯性的能力，提供选择的词可能是近义词、近形词也可能是随意拼凑的四个选项，遇到这类题，既要联系上下文，又要具有扎实的词汇基础，有时还须根据自己的文化背景知识做出判断、选择答案。

三、阅读理解

在做阅读理解题时，除了掌握前面介绍的基本题型、基本法则外，还要进行有意识的阅读训练。提高阅读能力的训练主要可以从下面几个方面入手：词汇、方法、侧重点。

1、词汇：猜词的技巧。

在阅读过程中，不可避免地会碰到不认识的单词，考试中又不允许查词典，有些不认识的单词对文章的理解影响不大，可以忽略。但有些不认识的单词则会影响阅读者对文章理解的正确性。在这种情况下，必需猜测词的含义，这就需要利用猜词的技巧了。

最基本的猜词技巧有两种：一是根据构词法的规则猜，构词法的规则在前面的章节中已有介绍，这里就不重复了;另一种猜词的技巧是根据上下文的描述、解释、列举、比较等，运用已有的知识，分析、推断该词的含义。常用的猜词技巧可归纳为以下几种：

(1)利用词根、词缀构词法推测词义。通过构词法推测词义是最常用的方法之一。

(2)分析文中对该词的直接定义推测词义。

作者在行文中有时不得不使用某些难词、偏词，为使读者理解，作者常常会在文章中直接解释该词语。作者或通过同位语，或使用定语从句加以阐明，或用冒号、破折号、括号给出，或用语篇标志词引出，这类语篇标志词有：that is (to say); e.g.;oor，in other words;to put it in another way等。如：

She is bilingual.In other words，she speaks English and French equally well.(bilingual：会说两种语言的)。

(3)分析文中对该词的近义复述推测词义。

同一短文中前后两个句子、短语或单词通常有互释作用，可以从上下文的复述中获取与某一单词或短语相关的信息以猜测词义。如：

It is difficult t

o list all of my fathe‘s attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities.(attribute：特质;才能)

(4)分析文中对该词的对比和并列表述推测词义。

利用上下文中的对比或并列表述猜测词义是最常用、最可靠的方法。有不少句子会在上下文中给出某个生词(尤其是偏词、难词)的同义词或反义词，运用对比或并列表达对这些生词加以推测。通过了解词与词之间的连接关系，特别是一些语篇标志词，如：however;on the other hand;nevertheless等，我们不难推断这些生词的词义。如：

If you agree，write “yes”;if you dissent，write “no”。(dissent：不同意）

爱心是冬日的一片阳光，使用饥寒交迫的人感受到人间的温暖;爱心是沙漠中的一泓清泉，使用权濒临绝境的人重新看到生活的希望;爱心是洒在久旱大地上的一场甘霖，使孤苦无依的人即刻获得心灵的慰藉。

别在树下徘徊，别在雨中沉思，别在黑暗中落泪。向前看，不要回头，只要你勇于面对抬起头来，就会发现，分数的阴霾不过是短暂的雨季。向前看，还有一片明亮的天，不会使人感到彷徨。

当你身临暖风拂面，鸟语花香，青山绿水，良田万顷的春景时，一定会陶醉其中;当你面对如金似银，硕果累累的金秋季节时，一定会欣喜不已。你可曾想过，那盎然的春色却是历经严寒洗礼后的英姿，那金秋的美景却是接受酷暑熔炼后的结晶。

人生不售来回票，一旦动身，绝不能复返。

人生的价值，并不是用时间，而是用深度去衡量的。

日子总是像从指尖渡过的细纱，在不经意间悄然滑落。那些往日的忧愁和误用伤，在似水流年的荡涤下随波轻轻地逝去，而留下的欢乐和笑靥就在记忆深处历久弥新。

柔和的阳光斜挂在苍松翠柏不凋的枝叶上，显得那么安静肃穆，绿色的草坪和白色的水泥道貌岸然上，脚步是那么轻起轻落，大家的心中却是那么的激动与思绪波涌。

生活的海洋并不像碧波涟漪的西子湖，随着时间的流动，它时而平静如镜，时而浪花飞溅，时而巨浪冲天……人们在经受大风大浪的考验之后，往往会变得更加坚强。

生活是蜿蜒在山中的小径，坎坷不平，沟崖在侧。摔倒了，要哭就哭吧，怕什么，不心装模作样!这是直率，不是软弱，因为哭一场并不影响赶路，反而能增添一份小心。山花烂漫，景色宜人，如果陶醉了，想笑就笑吧，不心故作矜持!这是直率，不是骄傲，因为笑一次并不影响赶路，反而能增添一份信心。

生命，只要你充分利用，它便是长久的。

盛年不重来，一日难再晨。

使一个人的有限的生命，更加有效，也即等于延长了人的生命。

倘若希望在金色的秋天收获果实，那么在寒意侵人的早春，就该卷起裤腿，去不懈地拓荒、播种、耕耘，直到收获的那一天。

希望源于失望，奋起始于忧患，正如一位诗人所说：有饥饿感受的人一定消化好，有紧迫感受的人一定效率高，有危机感受的人一定进步快。

心灵是一方广袤的天空，它包容着世间的一切;心灵是一片宁静的湖水，偶尔也会泛起阵阵涟漪;心灵是一块皑皑的雪原，它辉映出一个缤纷的世界。

在我们了解什么是生命之前，我们已将它消磨了一半。

图画作文是近年大学英语四级写作中出现频率较高的一类文体,考生要特别加以重视。众所周知，题目所给出的图画必然反映了一定的社会现实或者揭露出某种社会现象。相比其他的文体而言，这类作文难度较大，既要求考生通过文字形式分析出图画内容，又要将图中所包含的的思想内容准确地表达出来。为此，应届毕业生网就此类作文写作步骤予以如下几方面的指导和点拨。

一、审题立意

四级作文写作过程中最关键的步骤就是审题，不仔细审题就会很容易使作文跑题，因此这是必不可少的第一步。此步骤要注意两点：一是分析题目和图画，确定文章的命题类型，抓住中心思想，联想此作文要求的写作主题。二是进一步确定给定的题材及此作文要考查的重点内容。也就是说，通过审题，考生要对作文谈论的主要话题心中有数。

二、组织结构

审题之后，根据分析的结果草拟提纲并组织安排段落，确定文章的整体结构。一般而言，考生可将图画作文转化为三段式提纲作文。开始段描述图画内容；中间段解释图画所反映出来的深层意义；结尾段引出结论，总结全文。各段的主题句要条理清晰，以使自己要表达的内容有更好的把握。每段的重点都应集中于描述图画规定的内容。选用的词句应紧扣图画主题、突出重点、前后连贯、表达清楚。

三、检查修改

考试过程中，很多考生由于紧张、仓促等原因，很容易犯一些简单的错误。因此，最后留出几分钟时间来修改所写内容是很有必要的。然而，切忌大幅度地对作文惊醒修改，因为这样会破坏卷面整洁，影响阅卷老师对试卷的印象。修改时可以从两点着手：

语法方面。包括时态是正确、名词单复数是否对应、被动主动语态是否正确、主谓是否一致等。

词汇方面。包括连接上下句或段落的关联词、固定搭配、及物不及物动词的使用、习惯用语是否使用正确等。同时，单词拼写错误和标点误用都是扣分点，考生应尽量避免此类错误。

综上所述，四级写作需要遵循上述步骤，即审题立意、组织结构、检查修改。祝考生顺利通关！

导语：冰冻三尺，非一日之寒，练习英语写作也是一样，三天打鱼两天晒网是不行的，必须得持之以恒的练习，才会有进步。下面是yuwenmi小编为还在备考的同学整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful

effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less

laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。

62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.

根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。

63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.

通过以上讨论，我完全相信，随着现代社会的进步，幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。

64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.

近些年，国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。

65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.

许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。

66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.

但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制，理由如下：

68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.

另外，为了吸引旅游者，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。

69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。

70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。

71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。

72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。

75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。

76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。

77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。

79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

现在，父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。

81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。

82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。

83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须承认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。

84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.

应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园，这将对孩子，家庭，甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。

86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

只要一提起艺术和文化项目，一些政府领导就会兴奋不已，他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中，没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。

87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上，基础设施建设非常重要，应该放在首位。

88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。

89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.

然而，很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。

90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。

91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点，将会付出他们无法承受的代价。

92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势，这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入，而且能学到一些新技术。

94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出，农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献，然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场，他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.

建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验，知识和信息，这些将有助于发展农村经济。

98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之，我们应理智考虑这一问题，重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.

尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。

100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为，首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。

121. on the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.

一方面，寄宿学校正在发挥越来越重要的作用，尤其是最近几年，这是无可争辩的。

122. students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.

离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性

123. whats more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.

而且，生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间，这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。

124. on the other hand, the contribution of day schools cant be ignored.

另一方面，日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。

125. due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.

因为较高的学费，大部分普通家庭支付不起他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。

126. since it is unnecessary to consider students routinelife, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.

由于无需考虑学生的日常生活，日制学校可以将重点放在教学上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理这些方面。

127. furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.

而且，学生生活在自己家中，有舒适的生活，并有更多机会和父母交流，这对他们个性的培养是有利的。

128. from what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论，寄宿学校和日制学校对我们社会培养年轻学生都是重要的。

129. there is much discussion over science and technology. one of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.

关于科学技术存在许多争论，其中一个问题是当国家发展现代科学技术时，传统的技术方法是否可能会消亡?

130. as for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.

我认为，传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事，这是社会进步的自然结果。

131. in the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.

首先，传统技术方法有些部分是有害的，并且会阻碍现代科技的发展。

132. although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.

尽管现代科学技术已经证明了这些方法是愚昧的，然而在许多偏僻的地方，仍有成千上万的人们在使用这些方法。

133. in the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.

第二点，许多传统技术方法已经过时，应被现代科技所取代。

134. although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in peoples life, an increasingevidences show that it is less useful than many people think.

尽管许多人保持着传统观念，认为传统技术方法在人们生活中仍发挥着重要作用，但是越来越多的证据显示它并没有人们想象的有用。

135. from what has been discussed above, i firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. the maintenance of the traditionaltechnology and methods is futile.

通过以上讨论，我坚定地相信时间会证明传统技术方法将会随着现代技术的发展而消亡，坚持传统技术方法是徒劳的。

136. at the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.

当技术的发展意味着我们会吸入更多有害气体时，我们比任何时候更需要森林。

137. nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

138. we cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

139. there is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

无可否认，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

140. it is universally acknowledged that trees are

indispensable to us.

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

141. there is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问，我们的教育制度令人不满意。

142. an advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create any pollution.

使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。

143. the reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

144. so precious is time that we cant afford to waste it.

时间是如此珍贵，我们不能浪费它。

145. rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

虽然我们的国家很富有，但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。

146. the harder you work, the more progress you make.

你越努力，你越进步。

147. the more books we read, the more learned we become.

我们书读得越多，我们越有学问。

148. to average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that english often means a good opportunity for ones career, is this really the case?

对于一般人来说，他们常常以为掌握英语就意味着一份好的工作，然而这是真的吗?

149. by taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.

通过体育锻炼，我们能够始终保持健康。

150. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.

听音乐能使我们放松。

151. on no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.

我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。

152. it is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

153. those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.

违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。

154. there is no one but longs to go to college.

人们都希望上大学。

155. since the examination is around the corner, i am compelled to give up doing sports.

既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃作运动。

156. it is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

157. summer is sultry. thats the reason why i dont like it.

夏天很闷热，这就是我不喜欢它的原因。

158. the progress of the society is based on harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

159. we should bring home to people the value of working hard.

我们应该让人们知道努力的价值。

160. taking exercise is closely related to health.

作运动与健康息息相关。

161. we should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

162. the condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.

我们的交通状况令人不满意。

163. smoking has a great influence on our health.

抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

164. reading does good to our mind.

读书对心灵有益。

165. overwork does harm to health.

工作过度对健康有害。

166. pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。

167. we should do our best to achieve our goal in life.

我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。

168. weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.

家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题，不仅是城里人，而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。

169. as is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.

众所周知，假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。

170. today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. in order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.

现在，愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ，我们每人都应该接受法制教育。

171. from what i have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on tv has great influence on youngsters behavior.

从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。

172. there are two reasons for the improvement in peoples living conditions. in the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.

人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，国民经济正在迅速发展，而且出生率已经得到控制。

173. my suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. to begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.

我对解决这个问题的建议如下：首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次，有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后，对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。

174. people differ in their attitudes towards failure. faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. others, however, lose heart and give in.

人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。

175. it is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.

人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。

176. as a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. on the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. people in many countries are suffering from public hazards.

常言道：事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面，科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。

177. lets take cars for example. they not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. the noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.

就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气，而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外，汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。

178. it is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.

普遍认为，在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升，还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。

179. there is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.

毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。

180. additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.

由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

发展体育运动，增强人民体质。(毛泽东)

更高、更快、更强!

健康来自运动，生命来自己运动，一切想要的东西都要运动。

科学的基础是健康的身体(波兰科学家——居里夫人)

李宁:一切皆有可能!

刘翔:中国有我,亚洲有我!

流水不腐，户枢不蠹，动也。(吕不韦)

每一个获金牌的体育运动员的历史，就是成功的历程的发展纪录。

努力发展体育事业，把我们的国民锻炼成为身体健康精神愉快的人。(朱德)

乔丹：我可以接受失败，但我决不放弃

热爱运动，热爱比赛，热爱运动员，就是热爱人生。

如果你想强壮，跑步吧! 如果你想健美，跑步吧!

生命就是运动，人的生命就是运动。(列夫.托尔斯泰)

生命在于运动(法国启蒙思想家——伏尔泰)

他们对待困难和人生的态度，就是一部成功学全书。

一个民族，老当益壮的人多，那个民族一定强;一个民族，未老先衰的人多，那个民族一定弱。(皮埃尔·顾拜旦)

以自然之道，养自然之身.(欧阳修)

运动的作用可以代替药物，但所有的药物都不能替代运动。(法国医学家——蒂素)

运动是一切生命的源泉。(达.芬奇)

在我们劳动人民的国家内，需要千百万身体健壮、意志坚强、勇敢无畏、朝气蓬勃、坚韧不拔的人。(列宁)

只有运动才可以除去各种各样的疑虑。(歌德)

1.谦虚是最高的克己功夫。--莎士比亚

2.当你意识到自己是个谦虚的人的时候，你马上就已经不是个谦虚的人了。--列夫·托尔斯泰

3.虚假的谦让一出现，真正的谦让就及时消亡。--马克·吐温

4.对骄傲的人不要谦虚，对谦虚的人不要骄傲。--杰弗逊

5.当我们是大为谦卑的时候，便是我们最近于伟大的时候。--泰戈尔

6.一知半解的人，多不谦虚;见多识广有本领的人，一定谦虚。--谢觉哉

7.一个真认识自己的人，就没法不谦虚。谦虚使人的心缩小，像一个小石卵，虽然小，而极结实。结实才能诚实。--老舍

8.虚伪的谦虚，仅能博得庸俗的掌声，而不能求得真正的进步。--华罗庚

9.切莫轻信过度谦虚的人，尤其对方摆出讽刺他自己的态度时，更不能骤然相信。因为，这种谦虚的背后，八成隐藏了强烈的虚荣心和功名心。--希尔泰

10.思想史上载明，谦虚几乎总是和学者的才能成正比例，不谦虚则成反比。--普列汉诺夫

11.能虚心接受人家的意见，能虚心去请教他人，才能集思广益。--松下幸之助

12.伟大的人是绝不会滥用自己的优点的，他们看出自己越过别人的地方，并且意识到这一点，然而绝不会因此就不谦虚。--卢棱

13.只有坚强的人才谦虚。--赫尔岑

14.谦逊基于力量，高傲基于无能。--尼采

15.对自己的不满足，是任何真正有天才的人的根本特征之一。--契诃夫

16.妄自尊大只不过是无知的假面具而已。--伏尔泰

17.做点好事，待人要仁慈、宽厚;总之，用你的谦虚来避免厄运吧。--巴尔扎克

18.真正的科学家不可能不是谦虚的，因为他做出的事情越多，他就看得越清楚：还有更多的事情没有做。--法郎士

19.谦虚对才华无奇的人来说只是一种诚实，对才华绝顶的人来说，是一种虚伪。--叔本华

1.在一个人民的国家中还要有一种推动的枢纽，这就是美德。——孟德斯鸠

2.人不能象走兽那样活着，应该追求知识和美德。——但丁

3.勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。惟贤惟德，能服于人。——刘备

4.不患位之不尊，而患德之不崇;不耻禄之不伙，而耻智之不博。——张衡

5.土扶可城墙，积德为厚地。——李白

6.行一件好事，心中泰然;行一件歹事，衾影抱愧。——神涵光

7.入于污泥而不染、不受资产阶级糖衣炮弹的侵蚀，是最难能可贵的革命品质。——周恩来

8.一个人最伤心的事情无过于良心的死灭。——郭沫若

9.害羞是畏惧或害怕羞辱的情绪，这种情绪可以阻止人不去犯某些卑鄙的行为。——斯宾诺莎

10.应该热心地致力于照道德行事，而不要空谈道德。——德谟克利特

11.感情有着极大的鼓舞力量，因此，它是一切道德行为的重要前提。——凯洛夫

12.没有伟大的品格，就没有伟大的人，甚至也没有伟大的艺术家，伟大的行动者。——罗曼·罗兰

导语：在我们身边经常发生一些让我们感动的事,这些事不管是微不足道的小事, 还是大事都反映了人心的美和善。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的写作素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

一、为省下4块钱车费给儿子买学习资料农民工老爸把马路当床午休

安徽在重庆打工的孙先生说，中午没地方休息，家里距离工地又有几站路。走回去嫌远，坐车来回4块钱不划算。不午休，下午没精神干活，干脆就在路边解决，热是热了点，但干活太累，倒头依然能睡着，还能省下车费给儿子买学习资料。他说，记得他有次去儿子学校，看其他同学都抱着几本复习资料，儿子舍不得花钱，没买资料书，只能和同学商量人家看完借给他看。他目睹这一幕很难受，马上掏200元给儿子买书。“我挣钱不多，能省则省，儿子能考上好高中，是我最大的心愿。”孙先生说。

二、广东一不识水性村民水灾后抱空水桶救出

2013年5月22日，一场12年来最大暴雨狂袭珠海。珠海香洲区南浦村1800名居民被困，而不会游泳的许耀生却靠着几个空矿泉水桶，一条缆绳救了五户人家，18人。救人后仍协助巡逻。

三、女子从3楼跳下轻生房东伸双手将其抱怀里

5月21日下午在东莞寮步镇，39岁的江西女子许冬娇坐在十几米高的窗台上，纵身跳下。千钧一发之即，同样来自江西的诚叔选择了放下棉被，伸出双手去承接，用他壮实的身体提供了缓冲，许冬娇也因此逃脱噩运。诚叔说她一下子砸在我头顶，接着我双手一沉，整个人就被压趴在地上了。自己倒地时，手肘在地面上擦伤了，所幸女子被他稳稳抱在怀里。

四、河南母亲割肝捐肾救子

为了救患有罕见遗传病的儿子，4月27日，45岁的母亲潘大想走进郑州人民医院手术室，捐出了自己的半个肝和一个肾。

五、47岁女老板卖房贴钱办厂坚持留10名智残工

47岁的女老板易勤像妈妈一样，带着10名智残生产员工卖房押房，亏损运转，从不拖欠工人们工资，坚守了8年。

六、广东汕头一名高三学生奋身救母被水冲走

汕头市潮阳一中的高三学生马浩鑫在母亲陪同下去上学，在途经棉城新宫居委辖内新池尾附近时陷入水流湍急的排水沟内，眼见母亲要被冲走，儿子纵身扑进水里救助。不料，先落水的母亲被路过的好心人救起，儿子却不幸被水卷走失踪。

七、50岁大学教授一招拿下偷车贼网友赞“勇大叔”

华南农业大学人文与法学院50岁的院长杨乃良教授勇擒偷车贼，被网友赞“勇大叔”

八、武大准博士辍学侍母：读书机会还有母亲仅一个

赵潇是武大电子信息学院光信息科学与技术专业研究生，然而，就在他踌躇满志准备硕博连读时，母亲不幸患癌症晚期。面对每月两万元的治疗费，赵潇毅然决定放弃读博，先工作挣钱救母。

赵潇昨天告诉记者：“母亲打零工，当保姆，身兼多职，独自一人把我拉扯大。现在她身患癌症，就是再苦再累，我也绝不会放弃她!”“为了母亲，我放弃学校保送的读博名额。读书的机会还有，而母亲，只有一个。”

九、女孩遇车祸智力“归零”大爱父母感动央视导演

去年4月13日，梦娜在下班时遭遇车祸，虽然保住了生命，但智力“归零”。在已经谈婚论嫁的男友离她而去时，梦娜年近6旬的父母不辞辛劳，陪着女儿再一次“长大”。昨日，央视《夜线》栏目组专程来连，拍摄梦娜一家人的感人故事。

十、38岁纪检干部上班路上猝死经常加班带病办案

2012年12月10日早上7时许，怀化市纪委案件审理室副主任张险峰，在去上班的路上，突发脑溢血从楼梯间摔下来，经抢救无效离世。张险峰在沅陵工作约12年后调入怀化市，深得领导信任，经常加班，检查到重度高血压后仍然扛着办案，加上夫妻两地分居得不到照顾，最终倒在上班路上，以至于刚刚分到的购房指标还没来得及兑现。

时间就像海绵里的水，只要愿挤，总还是有的。下面是语文迷为大家提供的关于时间的英语谚语，希望对你有帮助。

Time is money.

(时间就是金钱或一寸光阴一寸金)

Time flies.

(光阴似箭，日月如梭)

Time has wings.

(光阴去如飞)

Time consecrates: what is gray with age becomes religion.

(时间考验一切，经得起时间考验的就为人所信仰)

Time reveals(discloses) all things.

(万事日久自明)

Time tries all.

(时间检验一切)

There is no time like the present.

(现在正是时候)

Take time by the forelock.

(把握目前的时机)

Time is a file that wears and makes no noise.

(光阴如锉，细磨无声)

Time stays not the fools leisure.

(时间不等闲逛的傻瓜)

Time and I against any two.

(和时间携起手来，一人抵两人)

Time is life and when the idle man kills time, he kills himself.

(时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。或时间就是生命，节省时间，就是延长生命)

Time spent in vice or folly is doubly lost.

(消磨于恶习或愚行的时间是加倍的损失)

Time undermines us.

(光阴暗中催人才。或莫说年纪小人生容易老)

Time and tide wait for no man.

(岁月不待人)

Time cannot be won again.

(时间一去不再来)

Time brings the truth to light.

(时间使真相大白。或时间一到，真理自明。)

Time and chance reveal all secrets.

(时间与机会能提示一切秘密)

To choose time is to save time.

(选择时间就是节省时间)

Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today.

(今日事，今日毕)

Procrastination is the thief of time.

(拖延为时间之窃贼)

One of these days is none of these days.

(拖延时日，终难实现。或：改天改天，不知哪天)

Tomorrow never comes.

(明天无尽头，明日何其多)

What may be done at any time will be done at no time.

(常将今日推明日，推到后来无踪迹)

Time works wonders.

(时间可以创造奇迹或时间的效力不可思议)

Time works great changes.

(时间可以产生巨大的变化)

Times change.

(时代正在改变)

Time is , time was , and time is past.

(现在有时间，过去有时间，时间一去不复返)

Time lost can not be recalled.

(光阴一去不复返)

Time flies like an arrow , and time lost never returns.

(光阴似箭，一去不返)

Time tries friends as fire tries gold.

(时间考验朋友，烈火考验黄金)

Time tries truth.

(时间检验真理)

Time is the father of truth.

(时间是真理之父)

Time will tell.

(时间能说明问题)

导语：能量可以提供动力，小编在这里给大家提供了一些关于正能量的语录，请大家认真阅读!

1、不要谈论自己，没人感兴趣。——马天成

2、做美食就像做人，必须真材实食料，还要去杂选优.精心烹饪才会成为美味佳肴。——马天成《〈旅行记〉》

3、一念迷，则是众生，一念觉，则是佛。——马天成

4、山静水流开画景，鸢飞鱼跃悟天机。——马天成《〈旅行记〉》

5、心中念，事中现。——马天成《〈旅行记〉》

6、很有深度的三句话：1、若不抽出时间来创造自己想要的生活，你最终将不得不花费大量的时间来应付自己不想要的生活。2、如果你总是把改变推到明年、后年，那么现在你要付出更大的代价来维持不改变的今天、明天。3、世界上没有人欠你什么，如果你习惯于埋怨批评索取，今生亏欠你最多的其实是你自己!

7、力量不能打开铁门，但是一把小钥匙可以，我们每个人内心都有那把钥匙——超人《曾是超人的男子》

8、姑娘何必苦大仇深彻夜长明的灯疲劳奔波的路奋斗不尽的题都是为了你的未来啊想到这些又有什么可抱怨郁闷的呢有些路走过了才知道其中甘苦为了那个想让自己变得更好更接近期望中的样子梦也要竭尽全力呀

9、习惯是惰性与回忆的温床。

10、扒一扒生活中的幸福，那些错过的总是得到弥补

11、愿你能因为某个人的出现而让世界丰盈，愿你的生活如同贺卡上烫金的祝辞欢脱，愿这悠长岁月温柔安好，有回忆煮酒，愿你没有软肋，也不需要铠甲，愿我们和爱的人一起浪费人生，热泪盈眶，长生不老。——张皓宸《我与世界只差一个你》

12、自己无私奉献过的事，不是白费的，自己开心就是值得了。

13、不必理会他人鄙夷的目光，我就是我，我要成为我心目中的最好的自己。

14、不做咸鱼，不失梦想。

15、无论你的偶像是谁，无论你崇拜的是谁，无论TA是商人艺人作家普通人，还是老师领导父母，再或是路飞鸣人樱木花道，只要能给你带来正能量，是谁又有什么关系?关键是你的生活中都有这么一个人存在吗?你有在这种正能量的带动下努力成为更好的自己吗?嘲笑别人的人终究会被生活嘲笑的。

16、懂(等)你的人请珍惜，弃(气)你的人请远离。

17、一切世俗烦恼皆因想的太多而造成的

18、请你相信，岁月会成就最好的自己，时光也必将打磨出你别样的独一无二的美丽。——文子(现代)《我不要一成不变的生活》

19、凡事不能打败你的最终都会让你更强

20、只有十分努力，才能看上去毫不费力。

21、不要因未走过的旅途而哭泣，不要因错过的道路而伤心，因为每条岔路，都通向炫目的尽头。

22、不要根据封面评判一个人，他们的人生还在书写。

23、对某些人我之所以说谎，并不是为了讨好对方，而是为了要保护自己。

24、没有旁观者的人生依然要走得精彩

25、意志的力量是决定的力量。《你为什么考上北大》

26、每天都是一条新道路，路走多了，才懂得孰是孰非。

27、我没有靠山，自己就是靠山!-没有天下，自己打天下!-没有资本，自己赚资本!这世界从来没有什么救世主，我弱了，所有困难就强了，我强了，所有阻碍就弱了!活着就该逢山开路，遇水架桥。生活你给我压力我还你奇迹!

28、没有执念，心才会自由，明白一切都不是你的，便不害怕失去。有喜欢的人，大胆追就好了;想去旅行，说走就走;要真受够了朝九晚五，就拼尽全力去创业!

29、我想，一个一直在外行走的人，他眼里的人和风景，才是真正的世界。他的一切行动，都基于一步步建立起的世界观、价值观。而滴滴打车类的时髦产品，包括一系列层出不穷的网络流行语，这些让大众觉得不懂就out的东西，是很多随波逐流、价值观缺失的现代人才在乎的。

30、有些打击，年轻时逃不掉，没成功，说明受的打击还不够。

31、输了别人，别灰心，还有机会，但不能输自己，机会只有一次。

32、人生，本该，看的透，拿的起，放的下，潇潇洒洒走一回。

33、人生的麻烦就在于，本该忘记的伤痛，却挥之不去;本该记住的经验教训，却转眼即逝

34、明知前方道路崎岖，我依旧犹豫向前。不敢笃定，也不敢轻易放弃。

35、坚持本来就是一件极其不易的事情，你内心的太阳总会有阴天的时候，但是你要知道，未来的路在哪里，你的加油站在哪里。

36、你只是还没发现自己的强大，你的强大藏在你自己的心。

37、让我知道，当游子在外时，以国为荣，时刻不忘记自己是个中国人，要争脸。——鹿晗

38、不要每次争论过后都怪罪自己，有时正确的是你自己。

39、我活的时间比你短，但我活得比你快乐。

40、人会因人而变，但我是为自己而变。

41、过去的日子一如深埋在地里的宝石就像经历过岁月的砥砺依然光彩熠熠就像你就像那个飞花的季节因为共同的志向我们走到一起因为各自的目标我们各奔东西无论何地不要忘了我们共同走过的友情岁月

42、谨言慎行，少说多做。

43、总会有希望的。——Alice《生化危机4》

44、永远我心依旧，不为难自己，不让自己难堪。

45、这个世界还有很多地方没去过还有很多美食没吃过还有很多人没遇到还有很多事情没想通想体验一个更大的世界就前两条也值得努力前进

46、认清现实叫做岁月的痕迹，还敢不实际这骨气叫决心。不到用尽热血年轻绝不放弃，至少有感动会灿烂回忆。我最爱那些歌曲是耳朵里的阳光，戴上了耳机我就在人海发亮，在慌乱城市爱是唯一的阳光。——刘忻《耳朵里的阳光》

47、当你面对复杂焦躁的难题时，在心里对自己说一句：“Iwillbeok”。一切难题都会迎刃而解。

48、你要知道，当你去坚定地完成一件事情时，这本身就需要莫大的勇气。

49、生活很多时候让你对一些事情无能为力，但是你可以改变你自己，以更好的姿态和勇气去面对那些事情，这就是为什么有些人会成功，有些人会失败。

50、困难让我们更懂得珍惜。

记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式的文章。

以写人为主的记叙文，应该注意肖像描写、行动描写、语言描写、心理描写以及对细节的描写，考生应根据写作的要求，灵活掌握，突出重点。

以写事为主的记叙文，应该注意交待六要素(时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果)，应该注意描写先后顺序以及记事的相对完整，注意把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。

以与景为主的记叙文，应该注意景物的主要特征，景物描写的层次，以及人与物的情感交融。

记叙文写作要点如下：

1. 明确写作目的和叙述的中心思想，段落叙述始终围绕着主题而展开，避免空间的叙述和与主题无关的内容。

2. 一篇好叙述文需要直接或间接表达以下六个问题，即：when?该事发生的时间， where?该事发生的地点，who?人物角色是谁，what?发生的是什么事，why?该事发生的原因，以及how?事件的结果是如何造成的等等。

3. 一篇记叙文，无论长短如何都应该是一个完全独立的事实，因此，在下笔时必须明确：该从何处开始叙述，该在何处结束叙述，以及应该提供何种事实才能使叙述完整。

4. 写作顺序可以采用“顺叙”、“倒叙”和“穿插叙述”的方法，但初学者最好采用“顺叙”的方法进行训练，以情节发生时间的先后为序。

记叙文高考指引

记叙文是高考书面表达中比较常用的一种形式。

1)记叙文要写作者比较了解的人或事物。

2)仔细审题，看准题目要求，确定文章的主题。文章的内容、结构、层次及所用语言都应围绕主题进行。

3)具体详细地描述。要使文章有说服力，叙述就必须繁简疏密相间。详细具体的描写有助于读者对所叙述的人物或事件等有个深刻的印象。

4)写作时要避免句子单调、毫无花样。这就要求写作时长短句结合，注意衔接词的运用。

5)叙述要生动。要使文章叙述生动，具有吸引力，必须请注意词汇的选择，时态的运用以及上下文的一致问题。词语的运用应注意是否恰当、通顺、简洁和准确。时态的运用应注意上下文的相关性、连续性，要与表达的内容一致。

6)叙述的顺序。大多数情况下叙述都是按照事情的发展及时间的先后进行的，但有时也可以采用其它顺序，如倒叙、插叙等。

7)人称。一般说来，记叙文用第一人称或第三人称来叙述。用第一人称叙述的优点是：文章比较生动、形象，使读者有身临其境的感觉，因而加强了故事的真实感和感染力。其缺点是，描写的范围受到限制。一篇文章中，由于角色的变化，人称也要随之而变，但应注意前后一致性。

导语：Cease to struggle and you cease to live. 生命不止，奋斗不息。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

英文：You have to believe in yourself . Thats the secret of success.

译文：人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。

英文：You can’t have a better tomorrow if you don’t stop thinking about yesterday.

译文：如果你无法忘掉昨天，就不会有一个更好的明天。

英文：While there is life there is hope.

译文：一息若存，希望不灭。

英文：When there’s no expectation, losing won’t bring hurt, gaining makes you surprised.

译文：不去期望。失去了不会伤心，得到了便是惊喜。

英文：What today will be like is up to me , I get to choose what kind of day I will have.

译文：今天什么样，完全由我决定，今天怎样度过，由我选择。

英文：The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible ".

译文：凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。

英文：The road of life is like a large river,because of the power of the currents,river courses appear unexpectedly where there is no flowing water.

译文：人生的道路就像一条大河，由于急流本身的冲击力，在从前没有水流的地方，冲刷出崭新的意料不到的河道。

英文：There will be no regret and sorrow if you fight with all your strength.

译文：只要全力地拼搏，就不会有遗憾，没有后悔。

英文：Time is a bird for ever on the wing.

译文：时间是一只永远在飞翔的鸟。

英文：Time will never change and stop for any person.

译文：时间不给任何人情面，也不会为谁而停留。

英文：Today, give a stranger one of your smiles. It might be the only sunshine he sees all day.

译文：今天，给一个陌生人送上你的微笑吧。很可能，这是他一天中见到的唯一的阳光。

英文：Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.

译文：胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。

英文：Walk the road you want to walk and do what you want to do , keep moving ahead and that’s not the silence of failure.

译文：走自己想走的路，干自己想干的事，勇敢向前，这就是你不败的沉默。

英文：We all have moments of desperation. But if we can face them head on, that’s when we find out just how strong we really are.

译文：我们都有绝望的时候，只有在勇敢面对时，我们才知道我们有多坚强。

英文：We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope.

译文：我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。

英文：The future is scary but you can’t just run to the past cause it’s familiar.

译文：未来会让人心生畏惧，但是我们却不能因为习惯了过去，就逃回过去。

英文：The first step is as good as half over.

译文：第一步是最关键的一步。

英文：The failures and reverses which await men - and one after another sadden the brow of youth - add a dignity to the prospect of human life, which no Arcadian success would do.

译文：尽管失败和挫折等待着人们，一次次地夺走青春的容颜，但却给人生的前景增添了一份尊严，这是任何顺利的成功都不能做到的。

英文：Success is the continuous journey towards the achievement of predetermined worth while goals .To live your life in your own way .To reach the goals , you’ve set for yourself . To be the person, you want to be ——that is success .

译文：成功是不断向领先确定的有价值的目标前进的过程，用自己的方式生活，达到自己定下的目标，做出自己想做的人——这就是成功。

英文：Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.

译文：成功是，你即使跨过一个又一个失敗，但也沒有失去热情。

英文：Never, never, never, never give up.

译文：永远不要、不要、不要、不要放弃。

英文：Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced.

译文：并不是你面对了，任何事情都能改变。但是，如果你不肯面对，那什么也变不了。

英文：Nothing for nothing.

译文：不费力气，一无所得。

英文：Nothing in the world will stop me from loving you.

译文：在世界上，没有任何事物能阻挡我对你的爱。

英文：Nothing is impossible!

译文：没有什么不可能!

英文：One has no reason to end his life .Living is itself happiness.

译文：一个人没有理由的结束自己的生命，或者本身就是一种幸福。

英文：One thing I know,that is I know nothing.

译文：我所知道的一件事就是我一无所知。

英文：Ones real value first lies in to what degree and what sense he set himself.

译文：一个人的真正价值首先决定于他在什么程度上和在什么意义上从自我解放出来。

英文：People neeed some courage in life, just like climbing a cliff .Although there are stemp ahead, you still fell some timorous and dare not go ahead. But when you conquer the timidity and reach the peak, you will feel the importance of courage as you enjoy the beautiful scenes. It is the same with life.

译文：人生需要一点勇气和胆量，就如登一座悬崖峭壁的山峰，虽然上面都有云梯、搭好的台阶，可你就是有点胆怯，不敢向前，但你战胜了自我，到达了顶峰，看到了山顶的景色，你就会感到勇气和胆量是成功的标准人生何尝不是如此呢?

英文：Real dream is the other shore of reality.

译文：真正的梦就是现实的彼岸。

英文：Sharp tools make good work.

译文：工欲善其事，必先利其器。

英文：Sometimes your plans don’t work out because God has better ones.

译文：有时候，你的计划不奏效，是因为上天有更好的安排。

英文：Standing firm is to challenge difficult courageously and to leave the smile after sccess to oneself.

译文：坚强，就是勇敢的向困难挑战，把成功的微笑留给自己。

英文：Never underestimate your power to change yourself!

译文：永远不要低估你改变自我的能力!

英文：Never give up, Never lose the opportunity to succeed

译文：不放弃就有成功的机会。

英文：Never allow yourself to get discouraged and think that your life is insignificant and can’t make a change.

译文：永远别让自己气馁，不要认为自己的生命微不足道且无法改变

英文：May I be strenuous, energetic and persevering !May I be patient! May I be able to bear and forbear the wrongs of others! May I ever keep a promise given!

译文：愿我努力精进，勤奋不懈;愿我有耐心能容忍并宽恕别人的过错，愿我能信守自己立下的诺言。

英文：Make yourself a better person and know who you are before you try and know someone else and expect them to know you.

译文：在你想了解别人也想让别人了解你之前，先完善并了解自己。

英文：I don’t long for luxurious life and gorgeous appearance , but I need a complete in habitation for sentiment.

译文：我不渴望奢侈的生活，不追求华丽的外表，但我需要一个完整的情感栖息地。

英文：I love it when I catch you looking at me then you smile and look away.

译文：我喜欢这样的时刻：我抓到你正在看我，你笑了，然后害羞地别过脸去。

英文：I will greet this day with love in my heart.

译文：我要用全身心的爱来迎接今天

英文：If they throw stones at you, don’t throw back, use them to build your own foundation instead.

译文：如果别人朝你扔石头，就不要扔回去了，留着作你建高楼的基石。

英文：If you find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn’t lead anywhere.

译文：太容易的路，可能根本就不能带你去任何地方。

英文：Its great to be great , but its greater to be human.

译文：成为伟人固然伟大，但成为真正的人更加伟大.

英文：Its never too late to mend.

译文：过而能改，善莫大焉(亡羊补牢，犹未晚也)

英文：Life is a candle . If burned out , there will not chance for you to start again . Let’s value life.

译文：生命像一根蜡烛，烧完了就没有机会了，从头开始。所以让我们珍惜生命吧!

英文：Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take breath away.

译文：生命的尺度不是寿命的长短，而是一生中有多少激动人心的时刻

英文：Life without sinuations and frustrations is life the flower in greenhouse, which can not stand the challenge from wind and rain , frost and snow ,and will srely die away in the end .

译文：不经历挫折和坎坷的生命，犹如温室里娇艳的花，经不起风霜傲雪的洗礼就会逐步走向自己的坟墓。

英文：Make a note to yourself to start thinking more about what you have than what you want . If you do , your life will start appearing much better than before . For perhaps the first time in your life , you’ll know what it means to feel satisfied.

译文：记住从现在开始，多想想你拥有的，而不是你想要的。如果你这样做，你的生活就会比以前更美好，或许你生平第一次懂得了心满意足的含义。

英文：I can make it through the rain. I can stand up once again on my own.

译文：我可以穿越云雨，也可以东山再起

英文：I am a slow walker,but I never walk backwards.

译文：我走得很慢，但是我从来不会后退。

英文：Having a calm smile to face with being disdained indicates kind of confidence.

译文：被轻蔑的时候能平静的一笑，这是一种自信。

英文：A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.

译文：千里之行，始于足下。

英文：Achievement provides the only real pleasure in life.

译文：有所成就是人生唯一的真正乐趣。

英文：All things come to those who wait.

译文：苍天不负有心人

英文：An idle youth，a needy age.

译文：少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

英文：Cease to struggle and you cease to live.

译文：生命不止，奋斗不息。

英文：Challenge is needed for success.

译文：成功需要挑战。

英文：Dare and the world always yields. If it beats you sometimes, dare it again and again and it will succumb.

译文：你勇敢，世界就会让步。如果有时它战胜你，你要不断地勇敢再勇敢，它就会屈服。

英文：Diligence is the mother of good plough deep while shuggards sleep,you will have corn to sell and to keep.

译文：勤奋是幸运之母;如果懒汉睡觉的时候你深耕土地，你就会有谷物出售和储存。

英文：Do not, for one repulse, forgo the purpose that you resolved to effort.

译文：不要只因一次挫败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。

英文：Do what you say,say what you do.

译文：做你说过的，说你能做的

英文：Dont try so hard, the best things come when you least expect them to.

译文：不要着急，最好的总会在最不经意的时候出现。

英文：Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.

译文：做你想做的梦吧，去你想去的地方吧，成为你想成为的人吧，因为你只有一次生命，一个机会去做所有那些你想做的事。

英文：Every body is a star in the sky.

译文：每个人都是天空中的一颗星。

英文：Getting out of bed in winter is one of life’s hardest mission.

译文：冬天，将自己从被窝里掏出来，是人生最难的任务之一了。

英文：Great minds have purpose, others have wishes.

译文：杰出的人有着目标，其他人只有愿望。

英文：A person in the world must have his own business , no matter big or small . Only with recognition from the society can your life is meaningful.

译文：人生在世总要做出一番事业，不管事业是大是小，总要让社会承认你的价值才不算枉活一世。

英文：A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.

译文：只要一个人还有追求，他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。

下面是语文迷小编整理提供的100个英语写作句式，欢迎大家阅读参考。

1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful

effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。

62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.

根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。

63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.

通过以上讨论，我完全相信，随着现代社会的进步，幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。

64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.

近些年，国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。

65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.

许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。

66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.

但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制，理由如下：

68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.

另外，为了吸引旅游者，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。

69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。

70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。

71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。

72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。

75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。

76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。

77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。

79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

现在，父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。

81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。

82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。

83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须承认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。

84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.

应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园，这将对孩子，家庭，甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。

86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

只要一提起艺术和文化项目，一些政府领导就会兴奋不已，他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中，没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。

87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上，基础设施建设非常重要，应该放在首位。

88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。

89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.

然而，很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。

90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。

91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点，将会付出他们无法承受的代价。

92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势，这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入，而且能学到一些新技术。

94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出，农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献，然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场，他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.

建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验，知识和信息，这些将有助于发展农村经济。

98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之，我们应理智考虑这一问题，重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.

尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。

100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为，首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。

马云-阿里巴巴创始人，被称为“创业教父”。曾经的创业艰辛、近日的荣耀辉煌，使得这位卓越企业家身上有散发不完的光环在萦绕，下面就来看看马云创业故事吧，听听他的创业经历、伟大梦想、经营哲学和人生感悟。阿里巴巴无疑是中国互联网史上的一次奇迹，这次奇迹是由马云和他的团队创造的。但是阿里巴巴创业开始，钱也不多，50万，是18个人东拼西凑凑起来的。50万，是他们全部的家底。然而，就是这50万，马云却喊出了这样的宣言：我们要建成世界上最大的电子商务公司，要进入全球网站排名前十位!那是1999年。1999年，中国的互联网已经进入了白热化状态，国外风险投资商疯狂给中国网络公司投钱，网络公司也是疯狂地烧钱。50万，只不过是像新浪、搜狐、网易这样大型的门户网站一笔小小的广告费而已。阿里巴巴创业开始是相当艰难，每个人工资只有500元，公司的开支一分钱恨不得掰成两半来用。外出办事，发扬“出门基本靠走”的精神，很少打车。据说有一次，大伙出去买东西，东西很多，实在没办法了，只好打的。大家在马路上向的士招手，来了一辆桑塔纳，他们就摆手不坐，一直等到来了一辆夏利，他们才坐上去，因为夏利每公里的费用比桑塔纳便宜2元钱。阿里巴巴曾经因为资金的问题，到了几乎维持不下去的地步。8年过去了。2007年11月6日，阿里巴巴在香港联交所上市，市值200亿美金，成为中国市值最大的互联网公司。马云和他的创业团队，由此缔造了中国互联网史上最大的奇迹。中国大部分想创业的人都是一样，晚上想想千条路，早上起来走原路。他们比马云聪明多了，能想出非常多的创业好点子来，但是他们从来没有去执行过。因为他们有着太多的借口和理由。“我没有钱。”他们都这样想。于是，他们继续过他们平庸的生活。今天看到了俞敏洪在北京大学2008年开学典礼上的发言，俞敏洪在发言的最后说了这样一段话，让我特别感动，他说：人的一生是奋斗的一生，但是有的人一生过得很伟大，有的人一生过得很琐碎。如果我们有一个伟大的理想，有一颗善良的心，我们一定能把很多琐碎的日子堆砌起来，变成一个伟大的生命。但是如果你每天庸庸碌碌，没有理想，从此停止进步，那未来你一辈子的日子堆积起来将永远是一堆琐碎。看完之后，你还会对自己创业没有资金或没有其他什么的找借口吗?你要做的是：想到了，马上就去做!像马云那样，只要你努力了，世界上，其实没有你做不到的事情!

Winter solstice is the earliest Chinese festival, call it yesterday, as early as the han dynasty had formed when we are familiar with todays twenty-four solar terms. Twenty-four solar terms, every 15 days for a throttle, a throttle is divided into three. As the winter solstice is divided into "hou earthworms knot; 2 hou elk horn, three HouShuiQuan move." Are the ancients from traditional agricultural production routine. Fade as the farming civilization, modern agriculture is affected by season is not very big, such as the vegetables all the year round in the greenhouses, traditional throttle effect on guidance and restriction of agricultural farming is also a little bit fade.

People now pay more attention to the throttle keeping in good health, in winter it was the season of supplements. After spring, summer, autumn three season, the body organs need to enter a state of rest during the winter, physical consumption in winter supplements in the past. Left the teacher said, so also have "winter signings, dozen tiger next year" the proverb.

冬至是中国最早的节日，称之为冬节，早在汉代时候已经形成了我们今天熟悉的二十四节气。二十四节气，每十五天为一个节气，一个节气分为三候。如冬至分为“一候蚯蚓结;二候麋角解，三候水泉动。”都是以古人从传统农业生产生活规律中总结出来的。随着农耕文明逐渐消退，现代农业受季节的影响不是很大，比如大棚里的菜一年四季都可以吃到，传统节气对农业种田的辅导和制约作用也在一点点消退。

现在的人们更多关注的是节气养生，冬季也是进补的季节。经历春夏秋三季后，身体各个器官在冬季需要进入休息的状态，过去身体上的消耗在冬天进补。左老师说，因此也有“冬季进补，来年打虎”的俗语。

1. It rained cats and dogs last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。

Rain cats and dogs是一句非常受欢迎的俚语，几乎每个学英语的学生都懂得用 rain cats and dogs 来形容雨下得很大。

当然如果你不想用俚语的讲法，你可以说："Its raining really hard.(雨下得很大)"或是"Were having a heavy rain."同样也是“雨下得很大”。

那“雨下得很大，我被淋成了落汤鸡”这整句话要怎么讲?“落汤鸡”在英文里常用"I am soaked."(我湿透了)来形容。因此，我们可以说：Its raining cats and dogs out there so Im soaked.

2. We had a downpour. 我们刚遇到了一场倾盆大雨。

中文里常形容下雨像是用“倒”的一样，这在英文里也有同样对等的字眼喔!英文里用的是 downpour 这个词。所以“下雨像是用倒的”我们可以说："We had a downpour."

另外有一个十分口语的讲法就是"Its really coming down out there."，也是形容雨下得很大，像是用“倒”的一样。

3. Its just sprinkling. 只是在下毛毛雨而已。

在英文里不管下“毛毛雨”或是“毛毛雪”我们都可以用 drizzle 和 sprinkle 这两个动词来表示。

Drizzle 这个词就是气象术语“下毛毛雨”的意思，而sprinkle 则是一个动词表示“撒”，但也常被用来形容毛毛雨。

常听到的用法就是："Its drizzling." 或是 "Its sprinkling."另外还有一个词叫 scattered rain，指的则是“零零星星地降雨”。

例如：We have to cancel the track and field contest because of the scattered rain.因为零星的降雨所以我们必须取消田径赛。

导语： 人生在世，不自己定位，就被人定位。自以为是的价值并不重要，别人认为你有价值才是重要的。下面是学习成功的一些美文，供鉴赏!

【篇一：人生成功的六匹马】

人生在世，不自己定位，就被人定位。自以为是的价值并不重要，别人认为你有价值才是重要的。还好，距离成功的目标，每个人都还有六匹马可以选择。

第一匹马是你的公司

大多数时候，你公司所在的行业，决定了发展的空间或机会。

对于新人来说，崭新的行业的机会肯定比古老的行业机会要相对多些。要记住，从学校里出来，你的对手不仅仅是你的同学，还有在行业里混了多年的人。在一个起跑线的机会，好过论资排辈的机会。

所在行业虽然很好，但是今天做这个，明天想那个的公司不少，家族企业，小富即安，如果公司决策失误的话，裁减的肯定不是老板，企业就是赚钱或自我实现的一个管道。如果你不曾拥有属于自己的前途和利益，千万别看得太重，否则，希望越大，失望越大。

第二匹马是你的老板

做事就是做人。能干的人很多，很多人都能做事，但能做长久事情的人并不多。

如果你把你自己的时间，看成是投资，而非投机的话。注意观察一下你的老板或上司。

不管他如何口若悬河，都要自己切牌：每一次的目标是否达到，没有达到怎么解释，是否承担责任，或找各种借口为自己开脱。

给你钱越少的人，给你的尊重越少。从来不兑现自己话的人，要么根本没有能力，要么私心太重。这样的人即使太有才，也跟自己没什么关系。

别浪费自己的时间了，该换马时，就换马。

第三匹马是你的团队

一个人再怎么能干，也不可能把所有的事情干完，也不可能把所有的事情干好。因为你不可能学完所有需要的技能。

没有团队的人，或不在一个团队下工作，你，永远都只是一个工匠，除非你真是天才，否则，要成功的希望很小。

刚开始的时候，没有团队无所谓，事情很小的话，你一个人就能做决定，自己干活。每个环节都是一个点，每个点都是需要巧夺天工的工匠。

但真正的聪明在于：和比自己还能干的人，你只要用力于一个环节上，自己的利益在整体上体现出来，通过团队，放大并获得自身的定位和价值。

认为自己万事通的人，应该有所醒悟：你的老板或上司，他们或许根本就不懂专业，他们只是寻找机会，找到你这样的能干人，他们只是雇佣你，就成就了他们的事业!

坚信外部的力量比自己强大，是一种心智的转变。关注别人需要，胜过自我认同，你才能驾驭属于自己的世界。

第四匹马是你的信心

忘掉教育告诉你的人生定位吧：老师告诉你的，父母告诉你的，或许都是一种定位。但，很有可能，不是你自己需要的人生定位。

学历重要吗?在第一次使用或面子上，或许。但以后，扔一边去吧。

彪悍的人生，无处不是机会，过去的成绩无足轻重，也无需认证。

当你进入到社会的门口时，你，就是一个全新的自我，代表着任何时候，都可以重新开始!

想要依赖传统秩序的人生，会被很多不按常理出牌的人生，冲得七零八落。抱怨、后悔、责怪、不满，还有失落…

人生不自己定位，就被人定位。被人使用是一种价值，自己给自己定位需要的是信心和勇气。

第五匹马是你的家庭

家和万事兴。

把自己生活搞得一团糟的人，是没有未来和前途的。

在金钱面前，人不仅贪婪，而且生活的无比沉重。

人生比工作要丰富和感性的多，多些感情给自己的亲人，只有他们的爱，才是没有功利的，坦荡无私的爱。

对于家庭，我们需要的是一个可以休憩的港湾，我们需要的是一份不计回报的责任和情愫。

除了生活的幸福，我们别无信仰。

第六匹马就是你自己

你是一匹能干的马儿，还是一匹勤快的马儿?

如果你从来都没有耐心完整看完一本书，那么，给自己一个坚持的机会：把一件事情完整地做完?!并重复多次。

很多时候，没有人真正能帮你，除了你自己。

你家庭条件不好，你无法选择;

你没有上到一个好的大学，你很自卑;

你没有找到一个称心的工作，你很不满;

你买不起房子也买不起车子，站在车水马龙的街头，你感到人生的卑微和无奈!

可这又有什么关系呢?

你不是还好好活着吗?

你不是还很年轻吗?

你不是还精力充沛，身体健康，身上有用不完的劲吗?

你需要的不是抱怨，不是认栽!!!

需要的只是：给自己的人生，重新一次定位!

想想自己的长处，想想这个社会什么地方有用的着自己的地方;自己喜欢什么，能做什么，需要弥补什么，给自己设计一个人生的目标，去寻找或搭建自己的舞台，然后对自己说：别耽误了，咱们开始干吧!

人生中，有喜悦，也有痛苦，花点时间寻找让自己成功的六匹马，在人生的旅途中，让我们大家骑着马儿快跑。

【篇二：一个战无不胜的创业者故事】

阅历过两次繁重的失败，诸葛风(化名)又回到了他最熟习的计算机软件开发范围，末尾了他的第三次创业。屡败屡战的诸葛风时辰都在仔细地总结阅历经验，他在博客中慨叹：“年少时没有培育起商业思想，创业实际中肯定要付出更大本钱。从技术、管理转型到业务，一路付出的本钱过高，占用了大半的妥协时间。”虽然创业失败需求自己买单，但是他不时觉得失败的阅历是一笔庞大的财富。

第一次失败：自觉贪大求规模

2004年，诸葛风在福建省漳浦县末尾了初次创业，他创立的尚远计算机公司主要运营电脑硬件和攒机。创业之初，他就试图在气势上压倒竞争对手，二话不说租下了两个店面，营业面积到达100多平方米，是竞争对手的3倍多，在规模上做到了县城第一。

诸葛风觉得，自己有技术优势，又有兴旺地域的市场阅历，再辅以优质的效劳，一定能逾越对手，所以要做到外地第一，就得在门面上下时间。为了追求美丽大气，诸葛风花了1700元买来一张庞大的前台办公桌，用2000元装修了玻璃背景墙。后来的理想证明，在政府、企业、团体三类客户中，诸葛风的竞争对手拥有着较强的人脉，在政府推销上占有很大优势。而团体客户看到这么豪华的装修，基本不敢登门，以为这里的商品价钱会更“宰人”，“这就像一个卖牛肉面的小店老板开着奔驰做生意，他人一定以为他在牟取暴利，其实，我们店的利润还不到10%。”诸葛风说。

更大的效果出如今了股西方面。为了让公司更具规模，诸葛风在已有两个股东的基础上，又找来了第三个股东。3个股东心不齐，招致了很多效果的出现。比如一个股东的执行力偏弱，另一个股东居然在公司运营到3个月时，私自调用了3万元资金，形成公司资金链断裂。维持了一段时间之后，公司不得已迁址到一个面积较小的二层楼里，前台办公桌也以200元的低价卖了(www。net08。net)废品。

“一年半时间，每个月都在盈亏的平衡点上下徘徊，公司处在半死不活的形态。”诸葛风回想说，公司的毛利在15%~20%之间，每个月的净利只要两三千元，一年仅赚了1万多元。

除了贪大追求规模外，诸葛风以为自己现在还犯了两个错误，“一是前期调研缺乏，二是运营中没有合理地分配资金，招致现金流变库存”。在创业预备阶段，诸葛风只是听说漳浦县将要树立一个2万吨的港口，他就决议了要开公司，并没有实地调研，其实整个漳浦县城只要50多家企业，一些企业每月发作的IT费用甚至不到300元，“事先也没有思索港口的树立、配套的市场开发，远非一朝一夕之事”。还有推销的失误，诸葛风从广东推销来一批办公耗材，回来后才发现墨盒、打印机等基本无法婚配，只好放入仓库。

第二次失败：缺少中心指导者

2005年，诸葛风保管了电脑公司的股份，独自离开厦门寻觅时机。这时，职场培训的浪潮正在兴起，24岁的诸葛风在一所培训学校当起了业务员，工资每月1500元。

庞大的客户市场让诸葛风和另外两个年轻的业务员心潮澎湃，老板混乱的管理思绪更是让他们有了摩拳擦掌的创业激动。正在此时，漳浦县传来另外两个股东撤资的音讯，诸葛风决议再尝试一次。

第二次创业让诸葛风很兴奋，他觉得最难得的是3个团队成员构成了才干上的互补：“女同事是一名销售型人才，具有永不气馁的肉体;男同事具有很强的条理性，任何事情到他手上都变得有条不紊，他甚至可以直接走上讲台当培训师;我有一定的管理阅历，可以担任和客户做业务前期的剖析谈判。”诸葛风以为，和冤家协作创业失败率高的最主要缘由就是彼此的互补性缺乏。

但是，他们兴办的培训学校在推向市场后仅坚持了10个月，做成两单生意后便开张了。“团队缺少中心指导者、外部争论过多是创业中致命的效果。”诸葛风以为，开展初期的中小企业一定要有一个强势的指导者，否则即使才干互补，也会糜费很多时间本钱。

培训市场的中心竞争力是整合资源的才干，而诸葛风的创业团队事先在整合讲师、开掘客户两个方面都没有做好。比起之前的培训学校，讲师的水平又只能算末流，意向性的客户也没有尽量争取到，最后的结果就只要失败。让诸葛风觉得惋惜的是，虽然3团体在互补性上大大逾越了第一次创业，但他们没有可以坚持渡过转型期。

第三次创业：继续总结阅历经验

2007年，诸葛风离开一家商超公司开发POS系统。原本搞技术研发的诸葛风自动请缨去公司的广州办事处任务，一年时间，广州办事处就取代了厦门办事处的主导位置。“事先的状况下，原本我宁愿做一枚棋子，而不是领头羊，当然前提是老板要给一颗定心丸。”诸葛风屡次讯问自己的未来开展，老板都没有明白表态。最后，老板行动许愿重新分配利润，诸葛风兴奋之余疏忽了签署书面合同，第二年年终，老板就“变卦”了。

“分开的时分，老板像仇人一样地看我。但是我一直以为，在中国做市场，就要学会与人分享。”诸葛风说，后来不论是选择协作，还是独自运作，他决议要完成他人利益的最大化。“我曾容许这个老板，和睦他成为竞争对手。”回归本行的第三次创业，“做什么”一度让诸葛风堕入矛盾当中，最后，他选择了开发收银系统。

收银系统的开发也并非坏事多磨，2008年10月，公司预备着手研发相关产品，诸葛风请一个相识多年、在高校任职的冤家停止研发，并谈好了条件，预付了订金。可是直到如今，原定9个月内完成的产品只要一个设计框架。

“他不时地推翻重构，不时在寻觅新的技术参与，而我对设计的等候过高，没有合理地掌控研发周期”，在诸葛风看来，双方的创业热情并不对等，冤家习气了高校的缓慢节拍，而他更强调企业的执行力。他觉得自己第三次创业的路还很长。

Time is a file that wears and makes no noise.光阴如锉，细磨无声

Time stays not the fools leisure.时间不等闲逛的傻瓜

Time and I against any two.和时间携起手来，一人抵两人

Time is life and when the idle man kills time, he kills himself.时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。或时间就是生命，节省时间，就是延长生命

Time spent in vice or folly is doubly lost.消磨于恶习或愚行的时间是加倍的损失

Time undermines us.光阴暗中催人才。或莫说年纪小人生容易老

Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人

Time cannot be won again.时间一去不再来

Time is , time was , and time is past.现在有时间，过去有时间，时间一去不复返

Time lost can not be recalled.光阴一去不复返

Time flies like an arrow , and time lost never returns.光阴似箭，一去不返

Time tries friends as fire tries gold.时间考验朋友，烈火考验黄金

Time tries truth.时间检验真理

Time is the father of truth.时间是真理之父

Time will tell.时间能说明问题

Time brings the truth to light.时间使真相大白。或时间一到，真理自明。

Time and chance reveal all secrets.时间与机会能提示一切秘密

Time consecrates: what is gray with age becomes religion.时间考验一切，经得起时间考验的就为人所信仰

Time reveals(discloses) all things.万事日久自明

Time tries all.时间检验一切

There is no time like the present.现在正是时候

Take time by the forelock.把握目前的时机

To choose time is to save time.选择时间就是节省时间

Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today.今日事，今日毕

Procrastination is the thief of time.拖延为时间之窃贼

One of these days is none of these days.拖延时日，终难实现。或：改天改天，不知哪天

Tomorrow never comes.明天无尽头，明日何其多

What may be done at any time will be done at no time.常将今日推明日，推到后来无踪迹

Time works wonders. 时间可以创造奇迹或时间的效力不可思议

Time works great changes.时间可以产生巨大的变化

Times change.时代正在改变

Time is money.时间就是金钱或一寸光阴一寸金

Time flies.光阴似箭，日月如梭

Time has wings.光阴去如飞