寒假有春节英语（热门20篇）

导语：春节是指汉字文化圈传统上的农历新年，俗称“年节”，传统名称为新年、大年、新岁，但口头上又称度岁、庆新岁、过年。 ,春节是我国人民最为重视的节日,是名副其实的普天同庆的佳节。那么现在小编用英文来介绍一下怎么度过春节的作文。

My Spring Festival isecial. My uncle and my aunt came back from Shanghai. My family were very happy to keep the Spring Festival with them. And it was the most exciting festival of all the festivals.

On New Year’s Eve, my father and my uncle talked about their work together. My mum did some cooking with my aunt Grandparents and I watched the New Year TV programmes. At about six o’clock, we had a special family dinner. We all thought the dumplings were delicious.

On the first day of the New Year, we visited our relatives. In the afternoon, we went shopping in Jiefanf Road. My uncle bought some Jay’s CDs. He likes Jay’s music very much. There were so many people on the road. It was more alive than any other time of a year.

On the second and the third days, we spent a wonderful weekend in the country. There were much bigger trees than in the city. And the animals were more beautiful than in the city. We all enjoyed ourselves.

I had an interesting Spring Festival. How about you？

Last winter holiday, I went to Harbin with my mother.

It＇s very cold in winter. There is snow and ice everywhere and you are always in a white world. You must wear warm clothes. The most exciting thing is playing with snow. Skating is also very interesting there.

I will＇ always remember Harbin, for the snow, the ice and all the beautiful things. I love Harbin

[寒假去哈尔滨旅游英语作文

When the children are playing with firecrackers, it is also the most busy time for housewives in the kitchen. The New Years food is ready for the first few days, and the New Years eve dinner will be made by the chef on the 30th of the year. In the north, dumplings on the first day of the New Year are also to be packed in 30 nights. At that time, the chopping board was busy chopping meat and cutting vegetables. At this moment, the sound of the cutting board from every household, the sound of firecrackers coming from the streets and lanes, and the spread of the shop. Pit-a-pat. The sound of the abacus and the voice of the cadence, mingled with the sound of laughter, rose and fell, and mingled with the merry music of the New Years eve.

It is the most lively and joyful time of the Spring Festival. Eve. The feast was filled with a table, a family gathering, a round table, and the feeling of fullness was indescribable. People are not only enjoying the feast of the table, but also enjoying the happy atmosphere. There are large dishes, cold basins, hot stir-fry and dim sum on the table, which usually consist of two things, one is the hot pot. Is a fish. Hot pot boiling, steaming hot, warm and provocative, the red hot fire; & other; Fish & throughout; And & other Yu & throughout; The homophony is the symbol “ Ji qing yu ” ", also known as "ldquo"; More than one year. . Also have radish commonly called vegetable head, wish to have good color head; Fried foods such as lobster and Fried fish, wish the family prosperity. The fire of fire. . The last is a sweet tooth, bless the future sweet honey, this day, even if not drinking, also how much to drink.

The Spring Festival in the past half a month, but I still cant forget!

I and the daddy, mother, uncle, aunt, grandpa, grandma at home together the delicious dumplings, and then together to eat a sumptuous dinner! I will give them, get a lot of money, I was so happy! I put on my mother bought me new clothes, and his mother cheerfully stick couplets on the Spring Festival. In the evening, I watch the gala, singing, dancing, and magic, I got dumbfounded, really wonderful!

Unconsciously, I have to go downstairs and shooting time. I bought a lot of guns, rockets, with beads, and ZhenTianLei, various and colorful. I put this, and sent that, busy also called, not only hear the entire neighborhood was deafening, almost every household in shooting!!!

A day in the morning, we go out to play. Hangs red lanterns and flags everywhere, see the street is decorated, very busy! Every passing people face beaming!

Mall is packed inside, go walk, especially sell candy, let me see more dazzling, saliva is out!

The Spring Festival is really happy!

春节都过去半个月了，可是我还是无法忘记!

我和爸爸、妈妈、舅舅、舅妈、爷爷、奶奶一起在家里包了好吃的饺子，然后大家聚在一起吃了一顿丰盛的年夜饭!我还给他们磕头拜年，获得了许多的压岁钱，我高兴极了!我穿上了妈妈给我买的新衣服，和妈妈一起高高兴兴地贴春联。晚上，我看了联欢晚会，有唱歌的、有跳舞的、还有变魔术的，看得我目瞪口呆，真精彩呵!

不知不觉，就到了下楼放炮的时间了。我买了很多的炮，有冲天炮，有彩珠筒，还有震天雷，各种各样，五颜六色。我放了这个，又放那个，忙得不亦乐呼，只听见整个小区里震耳欲聋，几乎每家每户都在放炮!

大年初一早上，我们一家出去玩。只见街上到处都挂着红灯笼和彩旗，真是张灯结彩，热闹非凡!每一个路过的人脸上都喜气洋洋!

商场里面更是人山人海，走都走不动，尤其是卖糖果的地方，让我看得眼花缭乱，口水都要流出来了!

这个春节真快乐呀!

An Unforgettable Spring Festival This year I have a happy spring featival with my family. On New Years Eve,all the family people get together to have a big dinner in the resturant.During the dinner we have a small talk and play some games.We say some good hope to each other.For example,keep good healthe,try your best to do everything,have a good mood in this year,happy everyday and so on. Thanks to this spring festival,it make our family people get toghther.We enjoy ourselves and in the new year we all strive hard.

[一个难忘的寒假英语作文

Lights before the Spring Festival, every family, every family dressed house having a unique style, each have each personality. They bought them to put out all fit inside. Bought New Year paintings how stick method, then each have their own style and preferences. Some dish, some backwards, and the crooked stick, each has his strong point. People buy vegetables all fixed, such as the Spring Festival comes, only can be a festival. Families with firecrackers, people wear new clothes, preparing New Year, before the Spring Festival, people go out, if met good friends, always mouth dont forget to say: "the streets!"

The Spring Festival, the children will get up early, to mom and dads room, the traditional New Year ceremony. The children of parents said some lucky though, my parents brought out New Years money, let the children happily. Everybody hope this year to luck, a thriving business.

Some friends and family together, taste the wine, talked some happy message. And the most happy is, we can take off to save money, and then happy running up the street to buy a lot of fun things, such as cars, buggies, toy guns, football, etc., and as long as our mouth sweet a bit, say more blessed penis, that can make a lot of money!

The Chinese Spring Festival comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year, which is usually in February. There is a name for each year, such as the dog, the monkey, the tiger or one of the twelve animals, and this year is the year of the horse.

Before the New Year’s Day, the Chinese people usually give their houses a good cleaning and on the last evening of the old year, all the members of a family will get together and have a big meal. On the first or second day of the new year, people usually go to visit their relatives and friends and give some lucky money to children.

I wish you have a good time during the Spring Festival.

中国的春节是在中国农历的第一天，通常是在二月。每年都有一个名字，比如狗、猴子、老虎或十二生肖中的一种，今年是马年。

在新年到来之前，中国人通常会给他们的房子做个大扫除，在旧年的最后一个晚上，所有的家庭成员都会聚在一起吃一顿大餐。在新年的第一天或第二天，人们通常会去拜访亲戚朋友，给孩子们一些幸运的钱。

祝你在春节期间过得愉快。

Prepare for the Chinese New Year

Its about one and a half month away from the Chinese New Year, It is a festival celebrated by the Chinese people at the beginning of the lunar calendar year.

As of the Chinese traditional customs, our parents and grandparents will sweep every corner of the house and clean the windows until they gleam, and washing clothes, buying foods and goods for the new years future use and presents.

Children will be the most benefited group during this feast period. One month before that, they are expecting the new clothes, delicious foods. The firecrackers and the years allowance for their increased ages.

In recent years, with the rising of the standard of life, Chinese tend to make various holiday plans to spend a different and meaningful new year. Such as traveling abroad, or be absorbed in their hobbies, and even work.

Why today we try to spend our Chinese new year in such a different way? I think thats because this is a era of free life and personality high-ranking. Though there are still something traditional, our young generation is attempting to make something new and suitable for ourselves. And we would like to take something really worth to be cherished in our memorable treasures. Thats amazing and wonderful!

Ill always keep in mind that the Chinese new year is a great feast inherited from our ancestors, but if necessary, I would like to enjoy it by some ways personal.

Before the Chinese Spring Festival,everyone is very busy.They want the Spring Festival to be a new beginning,so everyone is busy cleaning the room.They keep the room tidy.This is the first thing to welcome the Spring Festival.

The elderly take children to buy snacks and fireworks.But parents just stay at home to make tasty meals for dinner.On the evening of New Year’s Eve,my parents and my sister have dinner with me.We have a good time.After dinner,Oh!Yeah!My father is ready to give us red pockets.Oh,how nice the red pockets are!My sister and I both all say,“Peace all year round to my parents!Now,give us red pockets.” My parents give us the red pockets at once with a smile on their faces.

What a wonderful time we have!

I think “Everything goes well” this year!

The term is coming to an end. The Spring Festival is coming. I am very excited. I have already planned how to use the Spring Festival. Now the Spring Festival, which is looking forward to it, is coming. Oh, I must be full and meaningful.

First of all, you have to buy a couplet ahead of time, put a few doors into the home, and let the home spill over the festival. Of course, fireworks and firecrackers are essential, and I particularly like the magnificent landscape of the rain when the fireworks fly into the sky. Dumpling is one of the indispensable food during the Spring Festival, mom made dumplings, very fresh, I must lead a person to endless aftertastes tongtongkuaikuai, meal, snack.

Next, you have to go to the family and friends home for a new year. A door, I want to "uncle, aunt long short" to call them, then mom and dad bought a gift for them, hee hee, relatives will entertain us warmly served delicious snacks, put candy, and I love the most is that Hunan tea bud, with sesame ramming. As long as the boiling water bubble, wow, aroma, make people unable to hide greeds, appetite.

Then eat dinner, mom do the dinner on New Years Eve can be said to be "a", the whole family sitting together, taste the delicious food, talking and laughing, enjoyable. The love is to see once a year the Spring Festival Gala, which shows rich and colorful, comic sketches, songs, wonderful performances, give a person to enjoy.

In the middle of my new years new year plan, my mother called me to write the homework. Hey, I love the spring festival you come soon.

It was thirty of the year. We had a new year. We were very happy. We put on new clothes and went out to play. The most favorite thing for children to play is to set off firecrackers. We came to buy firecracker shop to buy a box of small, can not wait to come to the place where few people lit a cannon, put it into the bottle with “ ” a bottle of “ &rdquo a whoosh; straight to the clouds, to limit the fun. Happy we jump three feet high.

In the evening, it is time to eat the years night dinner, several of our children have agreed, and wait after dinner in my small yard inside the fire. After eating, I asked grandpa to put the long bought fireworks in the yard. As they came, my grandpa announced to start shooting, so I picked up a happy paradise “ ” uncle lit a sweet to me, I think the fireworks would suddenly explode; a point I quickly fling caution to the winds only listen to “ ” PA; a sound but I have a cold sweat.

When my grandfather brought “ &rdquo, “ 10000 joy; Donald Mickey ” and “ fruit treasure agent ” any of various uncle and I bent down, picked up the incense, close to the firing line, I was very frightened, hurriedly ran to the balcony of my house “ Dong Ba ” “ Dong Ba ” a loud noise; we look to the sky; a beautiful fireworks in the sky spread, Ambilight, gorgeous fireworks, who sometimes like Liyudiaolongmen, sometimes like a day with flowers; sometimes like butterflies; sometimes like a bud just ready to burst. The red symbolizes the festive fireworks, blue symbolizes wisdom, green symbolizes vitality, yellow symbolizes warmth, purple symbolizes the romance of any of various riotous with colour intoxicated, addictive. Followed by &ldquo ” a crackling sound; a peony red rose to the sky, suddenly appeared in the sky after another large “ peony, ” the slightest petals stretched open wider, became a huge crystal hanging lamp lantern cover in our head, green and yellow purple sea. We are unable to restrain the emotions to applaud, head repeatedly praise, too beautiful! Its beautiful！

i’m going to read some books and listen to music and relax for a few days first. on the fifth day, i’m going to do my homework. of course, i’m also going to do some housework. lunar new year’s day, i’m going to take a trip with my parents. i think it must be very happy. i can hardly wait!

in the first six days of february, i’m going to visit my relatives. it’s going to be fun! after a few days, i’m going to finish my homework, because i am going back to my school on february 16th.

寒假就要来了，我很兴奋。我想要完善我的寒假计划，现在给你们讲讲我的计划。

假期刚开始的几天我打算先看些书，听听音乐放松一下。在十五天的时候，我会开始做寒假作业。当然，我还打算帮着做些家务活。农历新年的那天，我将会和爸爸妈妈出来旅游。我想寒假一定会过得很开心，我已经等不及了。

在二月的头六天里，我还打算去拜访我们的亲友。这一定会很好玩！在之后的几天里我会完成我们的寒假作业，因为二月十六日我就得回校读书了。

1 Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .

It’s to celebrate the lunar calendar ‘s new year .In the evening before the Spring Festival ,families get together and have a big meal .In many places people like to set off firecrackers .Dumplings are the most traditional food .

Children like the festival very much ,because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .

They can also get some money from their parents.This money is given to children for good luck .People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .

The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .People visit relatives and friends with the words “Have all your wishes ”.People enjoy the Spring Festival ,during this time they can have a good rest .

盼啊!盼啊，眼看春节就快到了，想到这，我不由得笑了起来，在春节前，人们个个喜气洋洋，个个精神饱满。 逛街的人络绎不绝，有的在买年画，有的在买年货，有的坐着火箱围着火炉看电视，还有的人在打麻将打扑克，等等不一而足。反正街上五彩缤纷，各种各样的人都有，各种各样的货物都齐全，琳琅满目，人们恐怕想买什么都难选择!

春节前，家家户户都灯火通明，家家都把房子打扮得别具一格，各有各的个性。他们把买来的年货放得满地都地。买来的年画怎么贴法，那就各有自己的风格和喜好了。有的正着贴，有的倒着贴，还有的歪着贴，各有千秋。人们把买来的菜全部都弄好了，只等春节一到，就可一饱口福了。家家备有鞭炮，人们穿上新衣服，准备迎新年，在春节前，人们一出门，如果遇上了好朋友，总是口中不忘说一句：“上街啊!” 人们杀猪宰羊，忙碌地准备着春节大吃大喝一番。

春节到了，小朋友们便早早起床，来到爸爸妈妈的房间，开始了传统的拜年仪式了。小朋友们对父母说着一些吉祥话儿，爸妈就拿出压岁钱，让小孩子们高高兴兴。大家都希望今年能够吉祥如意，招财进宝。 一些亲朋好友欢聚一堂，品尝着美酒佳肴，谈着一些开心的话儿。而最高兴的则是我们，可以大把大把地攒取压岁钱，然后就欢天喜地跑到街上去买很多好玩的东西，如小汽车、四驱车、玩具枪、足球等，而我们只要嘴巴甜一点，多说些祝福的话儿，那可就大赚一笔了! 人们一直玩到深夜，嘴里啃着美味水果，手里燃放鞭炮烟花……大人小孩们载歌载舞，忘情地玩个痛快!

简评：本文先总写春节气氛，再分春节前后两个场景来展开细写，以此来展现春节前后人们的各种活动。总分的结构极为严谨。准备与享受如两个精美的画卷，展现在人们的眼前，而这一切又以标题的“快乐”为全文的文眼，一线串全文。一句话，本文结构精致。

As the most important festival in China since ancient times， the Spring Festival is always being excepted by we kids。 Because we dont need to do any homework during this time very year。Its really a precious holiday for us。 And our parents are free from their work too。 We go to our grandparents to get together with them to enjoy the moment when the new year comes。

I will priciate if the holiday to be longer。

作为一直以来中国最重要的节日，春节总是带给我们这些小孩美好的期待。首先，在这春节期间我们不用写作业了。这对我们来说真是弥足珍贵的假日。我们的父母也放假，所以我们能一起去爷爷奶奶家欢度新年，一起享受新年钟声敲响时的快乐。

当然，如果这假期长一点的话我们会更开心的。

in china,the spring festivai is a special day.because it leave peoples hopes.the spring festival is the first month by lunar calendar and the beginning of new year.on spring festival eve,people can special purchase for the spring festival ,do spring festival shopping,light fireworks and paper cuts .on spring festival,children dress new clothes and eat delicious food ,they can put the smork flower.on the eveving ,people eat dumplings and watch post spring festival couplets.on the beginning of new year,children go to pay new years call and get gift money people wishes their relativas happy.for example"wishing you prosperity ,everything is well,wishing youevery susses".lets happy lunar new yea.

The Spring Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday, is just as important as Christmas in foreign. The Spring Festival fireworks, eat family reunion dinner, paste couplets, happy New Year and receive lucky money. Among them, I like the fireworks!

That day, dad said to take me to fireworks, I jumped up excitedly. We found an empty place, take out the "purple diamond" on the ground, I carefully picked up cigarette lighters, give light line, and then run away quickly, just listen to "fire", and "purple diamond" was lit, flame emitted like diamonds, really beautiful! I took out "UFO flying saucer" again, I lit it, suddenly thrown into the sky, I saw it emitted a blue light, transfer a few laps in the sky, just like real mini UFO flying saucer. Will take "the peacock" and then, it emerged the colorful spark, I think you are more beautiful than real peacock train it. Exciting moment is coming, dad lit fireworks, "bang" sound, launched the first fireworks, the fireworks, flowery and clinking, colours are green, red, yellow, blue, some like a bursting flowers, like a lovely smile, and like a big red lantern, is so beautiful!

We all like the Spring Festival, is also looking forward to a happy Spring Festival!

春节是中国传统的节日，就像外国的圣诞节一样重要。春节还要放烟花、吃年夜饭、贴对联、拜年和收压岁钱。其中，我最喜欢放烟花了!

那天，爸爸说要带我去放烟花，我兴奋地跳了起来。我们找到了一个空旷的地方，拿出“紫钻石”放在地上，我小心翼翼地拿起打火机，把线给点燃，然后迅速地跑开，只听“劈啪”一声，“紫钻石”被点燃了，冒出像钻石一样的火焰，可真漂亮!我又拿出了“UFO飞碟”，我把它点燃，一下子扔到了天空中，只见它冒出了一道蓝光，在天空中转了几圈，真像真正的迷你UFO飞碟。接着就要看“孔雀开屏”了，它冒出了五颜六色的火花，我觉得它比真孔雀开屏还漂亮。激动人心的时刻就要来了，爸爸点燃了大烟花，“砰”一声，第一朵烟花成功发射，接下来的烟花五光十色、绚丽无比，有绿的、红的、黄的、蓝的，有的像一朵绽开的鲜花，有的像一张可爱的笑脸，还有的像红红的大灯笼，实在太漂亮了!

我们都喜欢春节，也都很盼望下一个快乐地春节!

The first day is our country traditional festival - the Spring Festival. Can be more about around the Spring Festival custom, family reunion dinner on New Years eve is the most important. A large family reunion together, open happy heart, home, eating food and wine in harmony. Family reunion dinner we northerners like to eat dumplings, adumbrative next year good luck; The southerners like to eat dumplings, symbolizing family reunion.

Hear adults say, previously, can eat something good to eat at ordinary times less than the Chinese New Year, as a result, people are always looking forward to New Years day everyday. Today, we eat every day is like the Chinese New Year, now want to busy for a year, the family can gather together together.

This year, our family reunion dinner is eat in restaurants. The family can be happy together! The adults gave me many blessings, and lucky money? I also wish the elders healthy body, all the best! Everyone eating, drinking, said, laughing... Our home on New Years eve dinner is filled with great affection.

正月初一是我们国家传统佳节—春节。关于过春节各地的习俗可多了，除夕的年夜饭可是最重要的。一大家人团聚在一起，开开心心、热热闹闹的品尝着美酒佳肴，其乐融融。年夜饭我们北方人喜欢吃饺子，预示着来年交好运;而南方人喜欢吃汤圆，象征着一家人团团圆圆。

听大人们说，以前，过年可以吃到平时吃不到的好东西，因此，人们总盼着天天都过年。如今，我们天天吃得都象过年一样，现在就希望忙碌了一年，一家人能够相聚在一起。

今年，我们家的年夜饭是在饭店里吃的。一家人在一起可开心啦!大人们送给我很多祝福，还有压岁钱呢。我也祝愿长辈们身体健康，万事如意!大家吃着、喝着、说着、笑着……我们家除夕的年夜饭充满了浓浓的亲情。

the lunar new year is a great occasion to the chinese people. it lasts about the first four days of the year， during which people do not work except for the workers on duty. students do not go to school， and shops are closed.

several days before the new year， people begin to prepare. farmers kill pigs， sheep， cocks and hens. city dwellers buy meat fish and vegetables. houses are cleaned; coupletsare posted on the doors. colourful lanterns are hung at the gate.

on the eve of the new year， each family has its members gatherd together and eats a family reunion dinner. after the meal they watch tv until the clock strickes twelve. then every family sets off long strings of small firecrackers and other fire works to welcome the new year. on the first day of the new year， almost everyone is dressed in his or her best. when people meet on the way， they say to each other "happy new year". friends and relatives pay new year calls and gives presents to each other. children indulge themselves in games.

Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.

Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year after another." The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely.

China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.

[英语作文：中国春节习俗

The end of the term, the Spring Festival is coming, my in the mind very excited, I already planned out how the Spring Festival, now the Spring Festival day and night looking forward to coming oh, I must have a full and meaningful.

First of all, have to take out couplet, the home of a few doors down to deck, let the home everywhere permeated with a festive atmosphere. Fireworks are essential, of course, I especially like the fireworks fly in the sky after, raining from falling. Dumpling is one of the food necessary for Spring Festival, mother handmade dumplings, fresh and tender, delicious, I simply have to and eat a meal, snack.

Secondly have to relatives friend home happy New Year. Comes in at the door, Im going to "uncle aunt long and short" to call them, then take mom and dad to buy a good gift to them, hee hee, their relatives dine and wine we will warmly, brought delicious dim sum and put candies, and my favorite hunan bud tea, that is made of sesame tamped, as long as with boiled water bubble, wow, the aroma, let a person lick ones chaps, appetite is big.

Then was to eat the meal of the eve, moms dinner can be said to be "special skill", the whole family sitting together, taste the big stuff, about smile and happy. Favorite is to look at the annual Spring Festival gala, which shows rich and colorful, have a funny comedy, beautiful songs, excellent performance, give a person to enjoy.

Is when I am drunk New Year plan, mom called me to write homework, ah, I love you to come the Spring Festival.

学期就要结束了，春节也快到了，我心里特别兴奋，我早已计划好了这个春节该怎么过，现在日日夜夜盼望的春节终于要来了哦，我一定要过得充实而有意义。

首先，得提前买好对联，把家里的几扇门好好装点一番，让家里到处洋溢出节日的气氛。当然烟花爆竹也必不可少，我特别喜欢烟花飞上天空以后，雨点般的洒落下来的壮丽景观。饺子是春节不可少的食物之一，妈妈亲手做的饺子，鲜嫩无比，回味无穷，我一定要痛痛快快地吃上一顿，解解馋。

其次还得去亲戚朋友家拜年。一进门，我就要“叔叔长、阿姨短”地叫他们，然后把爸爸妈妈买好的礼物送给他们，嘻嘻，亲戚们就会热情地款待我们，端上好吃的点心，摆上糖果，还有我最喜欢的湖南蕾茶，那是用芝麻捣制的，只要用开水一泡，哇，香气扑鼻，让人垂涎欲滴，胃口大开。

然后是吃年夜大餐了，妈妈做的年夜饭可以说是“一绝”了，全家人围坐在一起，尝着丰盛的酒菜，说说笑笑、其乐融融。最喜欢的是看一年一度的春节晚会，里面的节目丰富多彩，有滑稽的小品，动听的歌曲，精彩的表演，给人美的享受。

正在我沉醉新年计划之中的时候，妈妈又喊我写作业了，哎，我热爱的春节你快点到来吧。