中高考英语作文素材：六大方法的开头句型（通用20篇）

热点素材人1.孙杨

在里约奥运会男子200米自由泳决赛中夺冠之后，孙杨的妈妈杨明女士在微信朋友圈里写了如下话语：孙杨，你是最棒的!为了这块金牌，你等待了4年，也拼搏了4年，很苦，很累，但这一刻，所有的付出都值得了!你要意识到自己的责任，作为一个运动员的责任，作为一个男人的责任，因为唯有责任与担当才能让你的人生更加踏实，也更加辉煌。而担任央视游泳比赛直播嘉宾的周雅菲也称赞孙杨：他一次次地跌倒，又一次次顽强地站了起来。

经过多年的起伏和波折，孙杨确实成熟了，作为母亲和国家游泳队的前辈，杨明以及周雅菲都是非常了解孙杨的人，她俩的话，就是对孙杨这一个奥运周期以来赛场内外表现的真实总结和评价，孙杨意识到并

热点素材人2.郎平

先拿巴西，再下荷兰，暴怒逆袭，决赛中击垮塞尔维亚……2016年里约奥运赛场上，屡屡受挫的中国女排顶住了千斤压力，在主教练郎平的带领下，绝地反击，问鼎奥运冠军。在奇迹般的大爆发背后，有一位经历过无数风浪，只要她在，从技术到军心就能得到保证的传奇人物——郎平。她说：“我们过去四年都是非常负责地在设计训练，完成训练计划，一步步走到今天。金牌是我们全体教练员和运动员付出巨大劳动所获得的，我非常感谢他们。”

热点素材人3.史铁生

著名作家史铁生2010年12月31日凌晨因病去世。青年时期因病瘫痪的史铁生坚强乐观，曾以《我与地坛》等作品，打动千千万万读者。他曾表示：“对待生死我选择一种乐观的态度，让我如此幽默地看待生死还得感谢卓别林。”

史铁生1972年不幸瘫痪，后来身患尿毒症，需要靠透析来维持生命，命运对史铁生不能不用残酷来形容。每周3次的透析，1000次针刺，让他的.血管变成了蚯蚓状。史铁生却用笔来超越生命的困境，写出了大量优秀作品，其诗性的语言和深邃的哲思打动了千千万万读者。

热点素材人4.“神十一”航天员陈冬

六年磨一剑。就在几天前，38岁的陈冬与航天员景海鹏组成飞行乘组，将完成我国载人航天任务以来时间最长的一次太空飞行。 据悉，神舟十一号飞船，将搭载洛铜生产的铜合金材料遨游太空，洛铜元素又一次闪亮星空。长期以来，洛铜作为有色金属行业的骨干企业，“洛铜制造”为我国航空航天事业作出了积极的贡献，洛铜不仅能造出优质的航天材料，洛铜职工也能培养出优秀的航天精英。

热点素材人5.“中国好人”王文清

80元的棉服他穿了6年，却资助180多名贫困少年;一张床、一张桌子、一台旧电视、一辆电动车是他的全部家当，却有数百张汇款单，累计捐出50万元;23岁开始献血，18年献血超过8万毫升，相当于15个成年人血液的总和。一连串的数字引出了这位“献血大王”、“中国好人”王文清。他是江苏江都人，国际红十字人道主义宣传员。“我愿一生勇举红十字的火炬，不是照亮自己，而是照亮世界、照亮世上最痛苦需要帮助的人。”

考试前，建议考生翻阅大量的范文，积累一些考试作文的结构。下面是小编为你带来的2017年高考散文写作方法【收藏】，欢迎阅读。

一：作文成绩看字迹，得分要素是第一

任何形式的作文考试，阅卷老师打分时，第一眼，看的是字迹。因此，写作文必须要把字写好。记住，考作文考的是内容，而不是书法，切忌字迹潦草。

二：考试作文五六段，干净整洁看卷面

考试作文中，要注意及时分段，三四个段落显得少了，八九个段落，显得琐碎了些。除非有特殊情况，段落以五六个段落为好。此外，卷面一定要整洁，不要涂改得乱七八糟。我的看法是，考试作文每段最好别超过5行，顶多是5行半。切忌一段都八九行，写成“大肚子作文”。一旦给阅卷老师视觉上的疲劳，影响他的心理，分数就受影响。如果有必要，死拉硬拽也要注意分段。

三：色彩对比也关键，建议用笔选择蓝

考试作文的卷子上，都是用黑颜色印刷的方格。如果你用非常粗而且黑的钢笔答题，墨水容易“泄一滩”，影响卷面的干净。建议学生用不浅不深、笔画不粗不细的蓝色中性笔写作文。这样的作文写出来，与黑色的方格形成一定的视觉对比，阅卷老师在视觉上有眼前一亮的感觉，分数上可能就会占便宜。在用蓝色中性笔写作文的时候，注意不要用字把方格填满，建议占字格下面或者左下面的四分之三，这样，显得作文每行的层次感比较强。卷面显得也相对美观。

四：开头结尾要简练，最好首尾两行半

除了切忌大肚子作文外，“大头作文”也要不得。建议考生在写作文的时候，开头结尾占两行半的卷面。顶多也不能超过三行半。想想看，一个开头就占太多的空间，阅卷老师的视觉又会有瞬间的疲劳，也会影响阅卷老师的情绪。

五：动笔之前要拟题，漂亮标题如美女

考试作文中，一般都是由考生自己来拟定题目，题目不宜太长和太短。怎么拟题呢?对于成绩一般的考生，应该采取特别措施了。拟题的办法有2个，一是你去百度上搜索一下作文拟题目，可以找到作文老师讲述的类似技巧。二是考生家长或考生，赶紧去翻阅最近一年的读者和青年文摘的合订本，根据题材，选择几十个比较精彩的标题，背下来，考试的时候可能比葫芦画瓢地就能采用到。合订本在大洋百货东边胡同里的书摊上有卖。

六：作文首尾要打眼，丰富多彩出靓点

考试作文的开头方法很多：六要素开头法、题记开头法、悬念开头法、引名句开头法、排比句开头法、拟人式开头法、设问式开头法、对偶式开头法、博喻加对仗开头法，合用修辞开头法、巧述典故开头法，解题式开头法、名人问答开头法、诗文引用开头法。希望考生们准备好一些关于道德、学习、礼仪、爱国、美德等方面的典故、名人名言，到时候就用得上。至少，你看到作文的时候，脑子里会闪现出上述前七八个开头方法。

结尾也很重要。一般来说，结尾是总结全文。如果是记叙文，要注意抒情。如果是议论文，则要注意归纳。无论如何，最好要扣准标题。怎么扣呢?如果你实在拿不准，就在结尾段的第一句，把题目说一下，然后归纳全文观点就是了。建议百度一下结尾方法，汲取有用成分。

七：动笔之前不要慌，想了题目列提纲

上面说了好几种技巧，其实在具体操作的时候，列提纲很关键。譬如，写记叙文要设计好开头结尾，同时要把你叙述的事情分成几个层次，一个层次是一段，中间如果能设置好一个过渡句或过渡段更好。列提纲的时候，一定要把开头结尾写详细写，中间各段，穿插哪些精彩的话语或名言俗语、诗词典故，要写准。一个合格的学生，列提纲，大约5分钟到8分钟。时间要掌握好，如果时间紧张，提纲就要简练些。

八：想好主题和文体，非驴非马不可取

写作文，要么是记叙文，要么是议论文。一般来说，多是“总—分—总”结构。记叙文的结尾要注意抒情和总结哲理，议论文最好是“1—3—1”或者“1—4—1”结构，中间的3或4，是分层解题。当然也可以灵活采用夹叙夹议的手法。但是注意，千万别议论文说了那么多事例却不归纳主题，千万记叙文忘记说事却议论过多。因此，写考试作文，事先要想好了，我写的是什么文体，就按相应文体的写法来写。

九：适当克隆和“抄袭”，考前备料攒信息

考试前，建议考生翻阅大量的范文，积累一些考试作文的结构。如果写记叙文，最好翻阅《读者》和《青年文摘》，其中的一些散文，结构是很好的，可以把写作的梗概和套路归纳出来。到考试的时候，你采用别人的“筐”，把自己的东西向里面装就可以了。关于感情、爱国、人生之类的优美语言，可以分别背个三五句，到时候直接抄上去就行了，这不算抄袭。关于国家大事，时事政治和要闻什么的，也要注意搜集一下。譬如，去年有奥运，今年是建国60周年，还有汶川地震的感人事迹等，都可以做考试作文的题材。

此外也有一些不太规范的方法，譬如别家的感人事迹，可以搬到自己家。这在考试的时候要灵活慎重运用。

十：篇幅争取要写满，多写一点是一点

一般来说，中考高考作文要求都不低于600—800字。如果要求是600字左右，那就顶多写到700字。如果是不低于多少字，建议考生，争取合理安排卷面，把给的卷面写满到95%左右。譬如中考作文不低于600字，那么试卷给的卷面多是800字左右，那么，你争取写到780字，留下最后一两行。作文老师一看你写得那么多，肯定觉得你的作文相对熟练，作文打分就趋高不趋低。

Grasp all, lose all. 贪多必失.

Whats lost is lost. 失者不可复得。

Waste not, want not. 不浪费,不会穷.

Tomorrow never comes. 切莫依赖明天. / 我生待明日,万事成蹉跎.

No man is infallible. 没有人不犯错误。

Alms never make poor. 施舍穷不了人.

Love will find a way. 爱心所至,金石为开.

Manners make the man. 举止见人品。

Patience is a virtue. 忍耐是一种美德.

Pity is akin to love. 怜悯生爱.

Call a spade a spade. 是啥说啥，难听不怕。

Delays are dangerous. 因循出危险.

Diamond cuts diamond. 强中自有强中手.

Counsel is no command. 劝告不是命令.

Poverty tries friends. 贫穷考验朋友.

Once bitten,twice shy. 吃一次亏,学一次乖.

Pain past is pleasure. 痛苦过去即欢乐.

Leal heart lied never. 心诚无谎言。

Hot love is soon cold. 过热的爱情冷得快.

As good lost as found. 有得必有失. /得失同喜.

Every dog has his day. 瓦块也有翻身日，人人都有运来时。

Wise fear begets care. 懂得担心,就会小心.

"Never”is a long word. 不要轻易说“决不”。

After wind comes rain. 风是雨的头。

Nurture passes nature. 教养胜过天性.

Time tries all things. 时间检验一切.

Boys will be boys. 男孩子总是男孩子.

No song, no supper. 不出力,不得食.

The truth will out. 真相总会大白.

Time works wonders. 时间能创造奇迹.

To think is to see. 思考就是明白.

Truth will prevail. 真理必胜

A lie begets a lie. 谎言生谎言。

Years bring wisdom. 年岁带来智慧.

In love is no lack. 爱情不会感到缺乏.

Easy come, easy go. 来得容易去得 . /悖入悖出.

Every little helps. 点滴都有用.

Forgive and forget. 恢弘大度，勿念旧恶。

Manners maketh man. 举止造人品.

Laugh and grow fat. 心宽体胖 。

Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量.

Let the world slide. 人世沧桑,听其自然.

Love me,love my dog. 爱屋及乌.

Life means struggle. 生活就是斗争.

Fair plays a jewel. 比赛风格好,胜过珠宝.

Early sow,early mow. 种得早,收得早.

导语：冰冻三尺，非一日之寒，练习英语写作也是一样，三天打鱼两天晒网是不行的，必须得持之以恒的练习，才会有进步。下面是yuwenmi小编为还在备考的同学整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful

effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less

laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。

62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.

根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。

63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.

通过以上讨论，我完全相信，随着现代社会的进步，幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。

64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.

近些年，国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。

65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.

许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。

66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.

但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:

就我而言，我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制，理由如下：

68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.

另外，为了吸引旅游者，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。

69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。

70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。

71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。

72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。

75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。

76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。

77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。

79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

现在，父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。

81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。

82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。

83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须承认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。

84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.

应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园，这将对孩子，家庭，甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。

86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

只要一提起艺术和文化项目，一些政府领导就会兴奋不已，他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中，没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。

87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上，基础设施建设非常重要，应该放在首位。

88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。

89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.

然而，很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。

90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。

91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.

那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点，将会付出他们无法承受的代价。

92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势，这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入，而且能学到一些新技术。

94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出，农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献，然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场，他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.

建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验，知识和信息，这些将有助于发展农村经济。

98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之，我们应理智考虑这一问题，重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.

尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。

100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为，首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。

121. on the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.

一方面，寄宿学校正在发挥越来越重要的作用，尤其是最近几年，这是无可争辩的。

122. students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.

离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性

123. whats more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.

而且，生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间，这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。

124. on the other hand, the contribution of day schools cant be ignored.

另一方面，日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。

125. due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.

因为较高的学费，大部分普通家庭支付不起他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。

126. since it is unnecessary to consider students routinelife, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.

由于无需考虑学生的日常生活，日制学校可以将重点放在教学上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理这些方面。

127. furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.

而且，学生生活在自己家中，有舒适的生活，并有更多机会和父母交流，这对他们个性的培养是有利的。

128. from what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论，寄宿学校和日制学校对我们社会培养年轻学生都是重要的。

129. there is much discussion over science and technology. one of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.

关于科学技术存在许多争论，其中一个问题是当国家发展现代科学技术时，传统的技术方法是否可能会消亡?

130. as for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.

我认为，传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事，这是社会进步的自然结果。

131. in the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.

首先，传统技术方法有些部分是有害的，并且会阻碍现代科技的发展。

132. although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.

尽管现代科学技术已经证明了这些方法是愚昧的，然而在许多偏僻的地方，仍有成千上万的人们在使用这些方法。

133. in the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.

第二点，许多传统技术方法已经过时，应被现代科技所取代。

134. although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in peoples life, an increasingevidences show that it is less useful than many people think.

尽管许多人保持着传统观念，认为传统技术方法在人们生活中仍发挥着重要作用，但是越来越多的证据显示它并没有人们想象的有用。

135. from what has been discussed above, i firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. the maintenance of the traditionaltechnology and methods is futile.

通过以上讨论，我坚定地相信时间会证明传统技术方法将会随着现代技术的发展而消亡，坚持传统技术方法是徒劳的。

136. at the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.

当技术的发展意味着我们会吸入更多有害气体时，我们比任何时候更需要森林。

137. nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

138. we cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

139. there is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

无可否认，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

140. it is universally acknowledged that trees are

indispensable to us.

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

141. there is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问，我们的教育制度令人不满意。

142. an advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create any pollution.

使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。

143. the reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

144. so precious is time that we cant afford to waste it.

时间是如此珍贵，我们不能浪费它。

145. rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

虽然我们的国家很富有，但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。

146. the harder you work, the more progress you make.

你越努力，你越进步。

147. the more books we read, the more learned we become.

我们书读得越多，我们越有学问。

148. to average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that english often means a good opportunity for ones career, is this really the case?

对于一般人来说，他们常常以为掌握英语就意味着一份好的工作，然而这是真的吗?

149. by taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.

通过体育锻炼，我们能够始终保持健康。

150. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.

听音乐能使我们放松。

151. on no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.

我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。

152. it is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

153. those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.

违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。

154. there is no one but longs to go to college.

人们都希望上大学。

155. since the examination is around the corner, i am compelled to give up doing sports.

既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃作运动。

156. it is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

157. summer is sultry. thats the reason why i dont like it.

夏天很闷热，这就是我不喜欢它的原因。

158. the progress of the society is based on harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

159. we should bring home to people the value of working hard.

我们应该让人们知道努力的价值。

160. taking exercise is closely related to health.

作运动与健康息息相关。

161. we should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

162. the condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.

我们的交通状况令人不满意。

163. smoking has a great influence on our health.

抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

164. reading does good to our mind.

读书对心灵有益。

165. overwork does harm to health.

工作过度对健康有害。

166. pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。

167. we should do our best to achieve our goal in life.

我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。

168. weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.

家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题，不仅是城里人，而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。

169. as is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.

众所周知，假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。

170. today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. in order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.

现在，愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ，我们每人都应该接受法制教育。

171. from what i have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on tv has great influence on youngsters behavior.

从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。

172. there are two reasons for the improvement in peoples living conditions. in the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.

人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，国民经济正在迅速发展，而且出生率已经得到控制。

173. my suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. to begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.

我对解决这个问题的建议如下：首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次，有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后，对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。

174. people differ in their attitudes towards failure. faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. others, however, lose heart and give in.

人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。

175. it is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.

人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。

176. as a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. on the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. people in many countries are suffering from public hazards.

常言道：事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面，科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。

177. lets take cars for example. they not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. the noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.

就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气，而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外，汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。

178. it is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.

普遍认为，在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升，还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。

179. there is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.

毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。

180. additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.

由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

斯蒂芬霍金——探索世界运转规则的斗士

心，乃是你动用的天地，你可以把地狱变成天堂，亦可以把天堂变成地狱。霍金正是这句话最完美的诠释。

我是谁？——这是斯蒂芬霍金从剑桥大学学院的方形楼梯上跌下来时发出的一问。以后的几十年间，霍金不断地重复质问自己同样的问题。肌肉萎缩侧面硬化病使他丧失了语言和行动的能力，但是他不仅以一种不可思议的方式活了下来，更以自己艺术的、富有激情的方式，为我们解释着神秘的、茫茫无边的宇宙世界。

霍金，这位杰出科学大师的脸上永远露着宁静的笑容。世人推崇霍金，不仅仅因为他是智慧的英雄，更因为他还是一位人生的斗士。

当一位年轻的女记者面对这位在轮椅里生活了三十余年的科学巨匠，深深景仰之余，又不无悲悯地问：霍金先生，卢伽雷病已将你永远固定在轮椅上，你不认为命运让你失去太多了吗？

这个问题显然有些突兀和尖锐，报告厅内顿时鸦雀无声，一片肃谧。霍金的脸庞却依然充满恬静的微笑，他用还能活动的手指，艰难地叩击键盘，于是，随着合成器发出的标准伦敦音，宽大的投影屏上缓慢然而醒目地显示出如下一段文字：

我的手指还能活动，

我的大脑还能思维，

我有终生追求的理想，

有我爱和爱我的亲人和朋友;

对了，我还有一颗感恩的心

心灵的震颤之后，掌声雷动。人们纷纷涌向台前，簇拥着这位非凡的科学家，向他表示由衷的敬意。

人们深受感动的，并不是因为他曾经遭受的苦难，而是他直面苦难时的坚守、乐观和勇气。人生如花开花谢、潮涨潮落，有得便有失，有苦也有乐;如果谁总自以为失去的太多，总受到这个意念的折磨，谁才是最不幸的人。

高尔基说过：在自然剥夺了人类用四肢走路的本领时，它就给予他一根拐杖，那就是理想。而霍金无疑为这句话做了最完美的诠释。对霍金而言，人生的斗士、智慧的英雄这些绝不是什么溢美之词，他以瘦弱之躯挑战生理极限的勇气以及霍金式的顽皮笑容都向世人证明了：他赢了！

霍金先生的研究成果是在徘徊于地狱入口时获得的。

——吴忠超

他是我遇到过的最顽强的人。

——约翰博斯劳

他是一个非常会享受生活的人，别看他只有手指能动。虽然他身体瘫痪了，但是他的脑子非常清醒，他知道他需要什么。他喜欢现代音乐，他还喜欢跳舞，在轮椅上跳。

——霍金的机械师马丁

当20世纪物理学的成就被客观地承认时，斯蒂芬霍金的成就将被大书特书地载入科学史册。

——世界级顶尖杂志《天文学》

1942年1月8日，斯蒂芬霍金的故乡伦敦正笼罩在希特勒的狂轰滥炸中──这个战争狂人正在为争夺地球上更多的权力和资源而胡作非为，宇宙虽然更为广阔却并不在他的考虑之列。为此斯蒂芬霍金不得不出生在临近的城市牛津，面向世界发出了他的第一声啼哭。

斯蒂芬和他的妹妹在伦敦附近的几个小镇度过自己的童年。儿童时期的斯蒂芬是矮小瘦弱的，然而如果有人因此想借机欺侮他，将得到毫不犹豫的反击。斯蒂芬在学校经常衣服散乱，衣领上带着墨水的痕迹;他喜欢与人讲话，急于表达自己的思想，为此反而显得句子含混;他的成绩并不十分出色，不过老师们公认他是一个十分聪明的学生。

斯蒂芬从12岁之后开始迷恋设计庞大复杂的游戏，诸如大富翁、朝代──创造出一个游戏的世界，然后制定统治这个世界的定律。孩子们为了结束游戏需要连续玩上几个小时甚至不得不在一个星期中分段进行，斯蒂芬为此十分得意。斯蒂芬霍金相信世界是运转在各种规则中的，而探索世界的运转规则则在以后成为他毕生的兴趣和生命的支点。

斯蒂芬在17岁时进入牛津大学学习物理。他仍旧不是一个用功的学生，而这种态度与当时其他同学是一致的，这是战后出现的青年人迷惘时期──他们对一切厌倦，觉得没有任何值得努力追求的东西。斯蒂芬在学校里与同学们一同游荡、喝酒、参加赛船俱乐部，如果事情这样发展下去，那么他很可能成为一个庸庸碌碌的教师。然而病魔出现了。

牛津的最后一年，斯蒂芬霍金发现自己的行动越来越笨拙，他无缘无故地从楼梯上摔下来，差一点因此失去记忆。最终医生诊断他患了卢伽雷病，即运动神经细胞病，并宣判说，这个21岁的青年只能活两年。

当霍金意识到自己得了一种很可能会使他在几年内便要结束生命的疾病时，他说道：这对我真是致命的打击。这种事情怎么会发生在我身上呢？为什么我要这样地夭折呢？然而，住院期间，我亲眼目睹在我对面床上一个刚刚认识的男孩死于肺炎。这是个令人伤心的场合。很清楚，有些人比我还更惨。以后每当我觉得自哀自怜，我就会想到那个男孩。

我出院后不久，就做了一场自己被处死的梦。我突然意识到，如果我被赦免的话，我还能做许多有价值的事。另一场我做了好几次的梦是，我要牺牲自己的生命来拯救其他人。毕竟，如果我早晚要死去，做点善事也是值得的。

在与疾病对抗的同时，霍金开始沉入对世界的思索中，向爱因斯坦这位前辈伟人的相对论迈出批判的第一步。当然，更为重要的是，他结识了未来的妻子简，在以后的许多日子里，正是她支持霍金顽强地生存与奋斗下去，而且给他带来了正常的家庭快乐──出乎医生意料的是，这个他断言即将死亡的病人不仅一直活了下来，甚至有了自己的三个孩子。

霍金曾经告诉记者，他比患病前更加快乐，因为他找到了人生的价值所在，找到了生命的成就感，对人类知识做出了适度的却是有意义的贡献。他说：当然，我是幸运的，但是任何人只要足够努力都能有所成就。

在1985年因肺炎造成的手术中，霍金失去了讲话的能力──在一段时间中，他飞驰的思想只能被封闭在自己的大脑中。无法与人交流，这使他觉得生不如死。所幸的是，科技的发达最终使他得以借助电脑和语言合成器，重新表达自己的思想，甚至能够在众人面前演讲。

在这期间，他的思想在广阔的宇宙中遨游──他指出爱因斯坦的广义相对论将在所谓大爆炸奇点失效，因此将量子力学引入对宇宙诞生的探索，最终得到宇宙无始无终的结论，并创造出虚时间这一概念;他指出黑洞事实上一直都在发光，只是极其微弱而已;他以幽默的方式证明了上帝的虚无

虽然身体的残疾日益严重，霍金却力图像普通人一样生活，完成自己所能做的任何事情。他甚至是活泼好动的──这听来有点好笑，在他已经完全无法移动之后，他仍然坚持用惟一可以活动的手指驱动着轮椅在前往办公室的路上横冲直撞;在莫斯科的饭店中，他建议大家来跳舞，他在大厅里转动轮椅的身影真是一大奇景;当他与查尔斯王子会晤时，旋转自己的轮椅来炫耀，结果压到了查尔斯王子的脚趾头。当然，霍金也尝到过自由行动的恶果，这位量子引力的大师级人物，多次在微弱的地球引力左右下，跌下轮椅，甚至身受重创。然而，幸运的是，每一次他都顽强地重新站起。

霍金的顽强同样表现在他与世界各地的科学家们一次次交锋中，而在许多时候，他最终被证明是正确的。于是，霍金这个名字渐渐在人类科学的世界显露出自己的光彩：1975年，教皇在梵蒂冈步下圣坛，将嘉奖有杰出成就的年轻科学家的勋章授予霍金，而他的前任在多年前曾经严酷地迫害过布鲁诺、伽利略;1985年，霍金被本行星上最古老的学术组织英国皇家学会吸纳为有史以来最年轻的院士;他在剑桥大学担任着牛顿曾经就位多年的重要教职，被世界公认为是继爱因斯坦后最杰出的理论物理学家，是对20世纪人类观念产生了重大影响的人物。然而，对于普通人，当我们随着霍金一同沉浸在对浩瀚的宇宙思考中时，日常生活中细小的烦恼就会趋于微不足道，于是我们重新发现生命的终极追求──这种追求不再因地球这一宇宙尘埃的生或死而消亡。

不可残缺的心灵

海伦凯勒曾说：爱使我们的心灵得到真正的自由。这一点，我本人可以为它作见证;当生命被谴责似的孤寂感囚禁而不能挣脱或松绑时，爱具有拯救的大能。人一旦拥有活泼、自主的爱以后，自然而然地便能多行良善，帮助同类。爱，像黑夜派来的一颗星星，引领我们登上天堂，开启了那些隐藏在我们内心，无以数计、未曾拓展的意志与思想。于是，不论我们何时何地遭到考验、打击、挫折，终究可以从限制我们的困境中走出;人生因此变得安详又有秩序。

弥尔顿也曾说：心，乃是你动用的天地，你可以把地狱变成天国，亦可以将天国变成地狱。霍金正是这两句话最完美的诠释。

25年来，人们总以为霍金会死去，可是到目前为止，事实证明他们错了。霍金对此没有想得更多，他从不是那种老想着自己寿命的人，他迎接每一天的来临并充分利用它。

霍金是怎样的一个人？毫无疑问，他是一个有影响的人，他个性的力量是令人惊叹的——他的身体如此之差，但他非但活了下来并在不止一个领域内取得了辉煌成就。他可以说是冷酷的，他直面人生并对生活提出了苛刻要求;他又是一个不讲妥协的人，他的意志力有时会与他自己发生冲突;许多人发现霍金有些生硬，但另一方面他又以幽默著称。他有许多亲近的朋友和赞赏他的人，他已经证明自己是一个充满爱意和深情的父亲。他与一些冷冰冰的机器紧密地联系着，靠这些机器他才能移动、说话和呼吸，所以人们无法窥知他的内心。他的面部表情比他身体的大多数别的部位都更有表现力，因为除了他的语言简练的天赋外，他的面部表情是惟一窥知他内心的窗户。

无论到什么时候，霍金的故事都可以与人分享——只要有智慧和精神在，没有什么能****自己。身体的健康固然重要，心灵的健康也会给你无穷的力量。我们可以相信，当他所热爱的东西都失去时，他不仅坚强地活着，而且伟大地活着，那么他所带给我们的不仅仅是科学的智慧，还有人类最可贵的精神。

肢体的残疾会被有些人认为是一件耻辱的事，但斯蒂芬霍金却是例外。他身残志坚的精神和坚强勇敢的意志始终是人类进步的宝贵财富。这种精神形成了一个巨大的磁场，并且以非常大的速度在不断地扩散。

生命从开始孕育诞生以来，就潜藏着不完整与不完美的种种危险，残缺是自有生命以来就伴随着自然界的，也是自人类诞生以来就一直伴随着人类的。当生命还孕育在母体之内时，就已经受到遗传、疾病和外界环境的影响，潜在着残缺的危险性。当人出生之后，这些因素因为他失去了母体的保护而变得更加直接和明显，残疾的危险性就更大了。因此，生命的美从来就是残缺的。

无论是健全人还是残疾人都必须努力克服前进道路上的障碍。一个人尽管有缺陷，但却勇敢地面对并征服了挑战，这就是一件了不起的事，这就是一个了不起的人。

身体的残疾不一定会扼杀一个人生活和成就事业的机会，相反，斯蒂芬霍金的生活证明了，身体的残疾可以成为不平凡人生的一种鞭策，而不是虚度人生的一个理由。

残疾人所面对的异乎寻常的挑战要求他们具有超乎寻常的巨大力量和决心，以完成正常人通常觉得理所当然的事。这就最终促使残疾人无论选择了什么样的追求目标，都必须自始至终全力以赴。

这些了不起的人克服了令人生畏的困难而取得了成就，幸运的是我们这些普通人不必经历那种艰难。这些杰出人士之所以崇高和充满活力，是因为他们所面对的巨大挑战。

在这个世界上，每个人的一生都会有不同程度和意义上的欠缺，有些人虽然身体强健，但他们精神空虚、意志消沉、不思进取，这才是最可怕的残疾。人生和社会太平常使一些人流于放纵，因为他们从未感到什么不正常。可是对于那些高度残疾的人来说，他们就能深刻地体会到与正常人的巨大差异，然而许许多多的残疾人却做出了正常人无法做出的伟大成就。

霍金，一个轮椅上的斗士，他往往会令我们这些正常的人惭愧。霍金的伟大精神以及所有残疾斗士的顽强意志都将会给我们以激励和鞭策，认识霍金，你将获得征服一切的力量，最起码也会使我们掩卷沉思。

比起霍金在科学领域内取得的巨大成功更为意义深刻的，甚至超越了他的科学成就的是——他活了下来，并且取得了比大多数人所梦想的还要大的成就，这种精神力量是人类的胜利。对于那些想否认这一奇迹和贬低他的成就的人，霍金作出特别谦虚而又非常贴切的反应。他的这段话完全可以作为我们所有人遵循的生活哲学：一个人必须有足够的成长之后才会体认到人生是不公平的，我只不过在人生所处的境况中一定要把自己能够做到最好的做出来而已。

a lot of people shared their views to what love really is, or at least what love is in their eyes. perhaps love is just an illusion. a strong illusion, especially for those who are searching for a purpose of life. is love an answer? love can be wonderful, special, complicated, a distress, a gift, a curse, a tragedy, and most of all, an eperience. love is a mysterious and a complicated force. what do a person mean when they say they love someone? love is many different things. each of us have our own understanding of love is, and most of the time we base our definitions from feelings and eperiences. the book defines love in many ways. "it is a strong affection for another arising out of kinship or personal ties." it can be an affection and tenderness felt by lovers. love is the object of attachment, devotion, or admiration.

just when we thought we finally grasp what love is, somebody asks:"does anyone really know what love mean? i believe i have a true love, but true love is always hurt, isnt it?"i scratches my head with this thought and began to wonder. what is the answer to this? "this i have to know!" i said to myself. i looked in the mirror and asked "is it a true love when you know you want to live with this special person for the rest of your life? have we reached true love when we are ready to give everything away towards our subject? or maybe when can go as far as to sacrifice ourselves for our love? what about love as an obsession? is that possible?

"but isnt love suppose to be an obsession? if it is not, then youd have to rationalize. if you rationalize then its not love, because there is always a better rationalization.""i think the "in love" phase is obsessive but according to williamson (and backed up by my paltry eperience), love does not involve the ego, is selfless and the opposite of obsession."according to marriane williamson, the author of "a return to love," there is a "holy love" and a "special love." "the latter type is the obsessiveone; finding that one special person absorbs _all_ your attention."

so who is right and who is wrong about love? there is no wrong answer. love is many wonderful things. love may not work out all the time but it leaves you a special sort of feeling, like nothing you have ever imagined. is love a purpose of life? i think are life will be dull without it. but is it necessary? important? it is a part of life, and forever it will be a part of us.

导语：我对火车有着极深的热爱，总感觉它有一种跟情怀相关的东西，慢悠悠地荡漾开来。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

我对火车有着极深的热爱，总感觉它有一种跟情怀相关的东西，慢悠悠地荡漾开来。

一位名人，聊起自己当年对火车的感受，说起这么一个细节。大学毕业时，他去看望即将分手的女友，想挽回一段感情，但“到底留不住被抛弃的命运”，失望而归，登上返程的火车。那时的绿皮火车很慢，缓慢开动时，门也未关，他突然瞥见女友出现在站台，躲在一根柱子后忍不住抽泣，他心里一动，一下就跳下火车……那虽然是一段有始无终的感情，但因了火车，记住了一段年少轻狂的岁月。

《山居杂忆》中提起小时候跟父母一起坐火车，从杭州到上海，沿途小站都停，小孩子容易入睡，睡一会儿醒来，桌子上摆满了玫瑰酥糖、葱管糖，长安镇的特产，站台上买的;经过嘉兴，站台上可以买到南湖菱、嘉兴粽;再到另一个小站，又可以买到松江的酱烧猪蹄筋、酱麻雀，盛在用细竹编的小篓子里……车厢里满满的惊喜和生活气息。到开饭的时间了，餐车还送来热腾腾的鸡蛋炒饭，满车的葱香味，小孩们最爱……那时的生活大概是接地气些吧，回忆中总有香气。

读《繁花》时，我最喜欢其中那段对于慢火车的描写：

“江南晓寒，迷蒙细雨，湿云四集。春游，等于一块起司蛋糕，味道浓，可以慢慢吃，尤其坐慢车，最佳选择。人少，时间慢，窗外风景慢，心情适宜。

春天短，蛋糕小，层次多，味道厚，因此，慢慢看，慢慢抿。

窗外，似开未开的油菜花，黄中带青。稻田生青，柳枝也青青，曼语细说之间，风景永恒不动。”

上课时，就倒数着哪天放假，刚放假就爽翻天了，可是放假时间一长没事干的时候就很多人就想收假了。人，本来就是个矛盾体。不知道你有没有同感，反正我是这么觉得的。

暑假来了，3个舍友，回家的回家，玩去的玩去，就剩我一个人没节目呆在宿舍。因为期末作业把我的心都磨累了，首先就想睡懒觉。接着就追剧，可是第一天觉得还挺爽的，可是第二天、第三天，觉得好没精神，因为没一个人陪我聊天，闷得慌。

慢慢的剧追完了，对着一台电脑，对着空空的宿舍，不知道做什么好。

此时，心是宁静的。想着当初自己为什么会选择来着里，想着自己喜欢做什么，然后想着自己该把电脑关掉然后干点什么。

正值下午，我把小桌子搬到门口有阳光处，我拿出画本，翻到空白页，找来一本杂志，挑个自己看着有感觉的模特，然后在画本上一笔一笔地画着，突然感觉阳光好像和高三时的那个下午的阳光一样的温柔，一样的迷人。当时的我也是在画着人像，不同的是我是在课室画的。好想回到高中的课室，那时的我，那时可爱的人儿们，那些陪我们一起奋斗的老师们，都深深地印在脑海中，就是那个炎热的夏天，就是那场名叫高考的考场，把我们分开了，把我们引向不同的方向，不同的道路，更让我们遇见不一样的自己。

人生谁又能说的出对错呢，我们的现在，都是从每一个小小的决定、小小的选择造成的，好的也好，坏的也罢，只愿我们都无悔自己的选择。

Dragon Boat Festival is the traditional day in China, it is on the 5th day

of the 5th lunar month. The common activity for different places are dragon boat

competition and eating zongzi. In my hometown, there will be the dragon boat

competition every year. A lot of teams join this activity and there are full of

audiences stand on the river side, wathing and yelling for the teams. It is one

fo the biggest matches in my hometown. What’ more, making zongzi is also the

tradition. My mother makes the zongzi at this time every year, she told me that

she learned it from my grandma and she would teach me in the future.

《英语教学方法与策略》读后感

为了提高自身的英语教学质量和效率,我从学校图书馆借来《英语教学方法与策略》一书,利用业余时间认真地进行了研读,获得了不少教益。

这本书由鲁子问和康淑敏两位专家编写,由华东师范大学出版社出版,可以作为英语教学设计方向研究生教材,也可以作为中小学英语教师设计培训教材使用。我认为在英语学科骨干教师研修班接受培训期间读读这样一本书是再合适不过的。这本书介绍了教学方法与教学策略的相同与差异,提出了教学方法与策略的选择与整合的方法,介绍了英语教学方法的实践操作方法,包括情景教学法、交际教学法、任务教学法和自主学习教学,然后分析了英语教学过程的策略及实践操作方法,并从英语知识教学的策略及实践操作方法、英语技能教学的策略及时间操作方法两方面对英语教学方法与策略的行动研究提供了系统的指导。

编者用六章分别讲了教学方法与教学策略、英语教学方法的实践操作、英语教学过程的策略及实践操作、英语知识教学的策略及实践操作、英语技能教学的策略及实践操作和英语教学方法与策略的行动研究。

该书对相关理论进行了系统、简要的讲解,主要的内容是对英语教学实践的指导与分析。每一节都采用“准备-学习-实践”三部式结构,不仅讲解理论,而且注重教学实践。在每一节的理论讲解之后,都设计了“实践分析”专栏,以强化理论与实践的直接联系。在看每一节的时候,我都是跟着该书的编排形式在不断地调整自己的思维。在准备环节,编者会给出一个案例,让读者思考,遇到此类教学问题该如何解决,此时,我的大脑就会回忆我在教学中有没有遇到过,我又是如何解决的,然后思考怎样才能解决得更好;在学习环节,编者给我们提供了最系统的理论知识,此时我就很认真地研读每一条理论,认真理解每一个概念,为今后的教学活动积累必要的理论知识;在实践部分,我仔细地看了每个实践活动,对于一些比较有价值的活动自己在教学中也尝试着使用。

本书的优点是:1)语言浅显易懂。不像平常的教育着作,带着很多专业术语。2)内容很实用。书中不但简要地介绍教育理论,还举出大量的课堂活动例子,很适合各个层次的外语教师参考。3)描述很细致。书中谈到英语教学中很多细节的东西。4)编排符合读者习惯,发人深思。书中每一章节都会在适当的位置上安排一个文本框,给出一些名词解释或让读者讨论或思考一个问题。如:请讨论,您如何看待Practice makes perfect.它与数量原则有什么关系?训练中如何把握训练的量?

这本书让我羞愧于自己在教学理论和策略方面知识的匮乏,更让我明白英语教学的成功应体现在“培养学习者在真实的情景中有效使用英语的能力”我是一个率性而为的人,很多时候只是随心而教学,不会严格遵循某一教学模式。所以一直以来,教学成绩都没有取得重大突破,而我本人也一直为此烦恼,这本书教会我许多有理论支持的教学方法。如:语法翻译法、直接教学法、认知法、自然法、社团教学法、沉默教学法、全身反应法、暗示教学法。从书中我悟到了想成为一名优秀的教师必须充分认识到“教必有法”的原则性和“教务定法”的灵活性特点之间的统一关系。教师不应拘于一法一策,囿于一方一圆,而是要因地制宜,因材施教,将各类方法加以组合和调配,在吸收、借鉴已有教学方法的基础上,创造性地发挥,逐步形成富有教师个人特色的教学风格。在教学实践中,我根据教学环境、教学目标、教学内容、学生的需求和自身的教学风格适丰富了一下教学方法和策略,收到了一定的效果。

我最受启发的是书中的如下观点:呈现学习任务时,应当向学习者描述任务中的问题发生的物理背景、组织和社会文化背景。并且,问题的呈现必然是有趣的或吸引人的,目的是引导学习者的积极参与。让学习者体现到伸手可及的成功;教学活动的设置应考虑学习者的兴趣,需要和情感;老师可以和学习者商量课堂活动的内容并建议学习者把他们感兴趣的学习材料带回班上。让我陷入长久的沉思的是这个观点:“personalities and relationships are important for motivation”即:教师的性格及其与学习者之间的良好关系在调动学习者学习方面很重要。文中提到“即使我们不能完全改变自己去满足不同学习者的需要,但我们可以主动了解学习者感兴趣的话题,如:流行音乐,年轻人喜欢的电影,新车,科技的发展等。看到这里,对于学生为什么没有积极参与我自以为精心准备的课堂活动,我似乎找到了答案:设计活动时,我只是从教材内容和个人兴趣出发。当学生冷淡对待活动时,我只会埋怨大的学习环境不好,埋怨学生不配合,极少去思考是否学生对内容感兴趣,是否活动的难度适合学生,课堂指令是否清晰等因素。文中还指出:即使学生会使用老师准备好的语言结构,也明确活动的目的,但如果他们缺乏信心,也不会积极参与…所以,对学生及时得体的鼓励相当重要,借用李阳老师的话就是鼓励学生 “Enjoy losing face. Enjoy making mistakes ”总之,要踏上英语教学的成功之路,进行方方面面的准备工作是必要的,

对于以后的教学,我将努力改变陈旧的教学理念,尝试新的教学模式,自始至终把学生放在中心位置:把激发学生的学习热情放在首位,发挥交际教学的优势。是时候改变沉闷的课堂气氛,还学生一个愉快的学习环境了!是时候彻底解放学生,还学生一个可以自主学习的空间了!

其实,单纯阅读只是一个浅层理解词句的过程,我们可能在阅读中很感动,很受启发,但是,几个星期或几个月后,可能我们的思维又回复原状;若把我们的所思所想写下来,联系我们的教学或生活实际加以变通,可能会更长久地影响我们;而如果把我们学到的经验及时应用在教学中或生活中,我们的学生或我们自己则会终身受益,这才是阅读的目的。“热爱阅读、高效阅读、创新阅读”让我们互勉!

[英语教学方法与策略的读后感

Every Chinese knows the importance of the college entrance examination, so the high school students always can feel the stress from that exam, especially when that day is nearby. Some students will not do as well as usual because of heavy stress. It is necessary to adjust their mood well before the exam. They should not give too much pressure to themselves, instead of having usual heart. Then they can do in working order. To reach this goal, they can spare time to do some sports or just go running and keep telling themselves that the exam can’t decide their future, so they try their best would be OK and no one will blame them. The purpose is make them feel relax, as the status of relax is the best state for achieving good marks in the exam. It is helpful.

每个中国人都知道高考的重要性，所以，高考生常常能够感受到高考给予他们的压力，特别是高考即将来临的时候。有些学生会因为压力而在考试中发挥失常。在考试前调节好心情非常有必要。他们不应该给自己太大的压力，而是应该以平常心对待。这样才能正常发挥。所以，可以选择挤一点时间去运动或者跑跑步或者自我催眠高考并不能决定自己的未来，只要尽自己最大的努力就可以了，也没有人会责怪自己的。这样做的目的是让他们放松，因为放松是在考试中取得好成绩最好的状态。这个方法真的有用。

What is beauty in your mind?

everyone admires beauty. everyone has his own standard about beauty.

nowadays some people tend to think that they own beauty if they have a good looking. they are not satisfied with their appearance. they spend much money taking a kind of operation. can beauty really be man-made?if so,everybody can get beauty. as a result,there is no beauty at all.the appearance is given by our parents and is unique in the world. everyone should value it. i would rather nature as the standard of beauty. just accept yourself,accept everything the god gives to you,and create the beautiful life belonging to you.

many heroes dont have beautiful surface. however,their beautiful images often come to our minds. their beauty comes from their contributions to the society.dont be eager to judge whether a person is beautiful or not without a thorough understanding of him. a beautiful person is not the one with a good looking,but with a broad and kind heart.

good looking is pleasant while spiritual beauty is more important. as an old saying goes,"virtue is fairer than beauty. "if you have a kind heart,you own real beauty.

心底荷花

“文革”期间，著名作家沈从文陷入非人的境地。他不仅遭到无数次的批斗，每天还要打扫历史博物馆的厕所。后来，他又被下放到多雨泥泞的湖北咸宁接受劳动改造。一代文学巨匠饱受被践踏的痛楚。

可沈从文毫不在意，在咸宁时给他的表侄、画家黄永玉写信说：“这儿的荷花真好……”

一句话，竟使那段苦难的日子飘荡着荷花的芬芳，令人以为多雨泥泞的咸宁是王孙可游的人间仙境。

上帝不会给的太多

一个孤独的年轻画家，除了理想，他一无所有。他贫穷，无钱租房，借用一家废弃的车库作为画室。夜里常听到老鼠吱吱的叫声。一天，疲倦的他抬起头，看见在昏暗的灯光下有一双亮晶晶的小眼睛。他没有想方设法去捕杀这只小精灵，磨难已使他具有艺术家悲天悯物的情怀。他与小老鼠互相信任，甚至建立了友谊。不久画家离开堪萨斯城，被介绍到好莱坞去制作一部卡通片。然而他再次失败，穷得身无分文。多少个不眠之夜他在黑暗中苦苦思索，怀疑自己的天赋。突然，他想起了那亮晶晶的小眼睛，灵感就在黑夜里闪现了：全世界儿童所喜爱的卡通形象——米老鼠就这样诞生了。这位画家就是美国最负盛名的人物之一——沃尔特迪斯尼。

上帝给他的并不多，只给他一只老鼠，他抓住了。

走不回来的人

曾读过一个贪心人的故事。说是有个地主去拜访一位部落首领，想要块地。首领说，你从这儿向西走，做一个标记，只要你能在太阳落山之前走回来，从这儿到那个标记之间的地都是你的了。

太阳落山了，地主没有走回来，因为走得太远，他累死在路上。

三份试卷

在一次考试中，老师将三组题目发给学生。一组为20题，一组为30题，一组为40题。全班同学都作了选择。

题目收上来了。老师将选择20题的学生都判为C等，尽管有的同学做的全对;老师把选择30题的同学都判为B等，尽管有的同学做对了一半;而老师把选择40题的同学都判了最高的A等，尽管有的同学对的很少。

老师解释说，这次考试不是考同学们的能力，而是考同学们的勇气。

手表原理

有一个人，早先戴着一块手表，他时常看手表，时间观念很强，他也很自信。后来，他添置了一部手机，而经常出现手机的显示时间和手表不太一致，他不知道该信哪个更准，这使他平添了不少的苦恼。

[高考哲理故事作文素材积累

Hi， everyone ，

We’ll have an important activity—picking apples。 The picking will go on from 8:00 am to 11:00 am next Saturday and wele all of the people in our munity to join in the activity 。

To join in the activity ， you should sign your name in the office before 5:00 pm next Thursday ，which is the deadline ! Don’t miss it !

Attention! It is suggested that all the people who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves because there will be a lot of leaves or dirty things that will otherwise fall on your head and make your hands dirty 。

Be active ， everyone in our munity !

The munity board

第一：简单句的罗列和堆砌

S1+V1…S2+V2…S3+V3…

第二：并列连词连接简单句

S1+V1…and/or/but/also/whereas S2+V2…

第三：复合句

S1+V1…which/that/where/when etc./because/if/in order that etc. S2+V2…

第四：独立主格

S1+V1…，S2+V2…

S1+V1…，S2+V2ing/V2ed

第五：非谓语动词作修饰成分

S1+V1…，S1+V2…

S1+V1，V2ing/V2ed…

如果你觉得上面的这堆“公式”看起来有些枯燥难懂的话，那么不妨给你举两个例子，同样的话，用不同的句子说，看看有什么不同的效果。

【例1】将这些措施付诸实践，水资源的短缺问题就可以解决。

1.简单句+简单句：

These measures are put into practice. The shortage of water can be solved。

2.并列句：

These measures are put into practice and the shortage of water can be solved。

3.复合句：

If these measures are put into practice, the shortage of water can be solved。

4.独立主格或复合结构：

(With)These measures put into practice, the shortage of water can be solved。

5.强调句：

It is only when these measures are put into practice that the shortage of water can be solved。

6.倒装句：

Only if these measures are put into practice can the shortage of water be solved。

【例2】只有老龄化问题得到很好地解决，我们才可以创造稳定、和谐的社会。

1.简单句+简单句：

The old age problem is well handled. Thus we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

2.并列句：

The old age problem is well handled and we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

3.复合句：

As long as the old age problem is well handled, we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

4.独立主格或复合结构：

(With)The old age problem well handled, we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

5.强调句：

It is only when the old age problem is well handled that we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

6.倒装句：

Only as long as the old age problem is well handled can we maintain a stable and harmonious society。

【导语】英语写作是中考中检测学生语言应用能力的最重要部分。提高中考写作水平，需要有效的训练。下面关于英语作文的写作方法，一起来阅读下文吧!

学生写作时，如果语句平平，只选用一些普通的、直截了当的词，那么，这样写出来的文章根本没有可阅读行，就像是一碗没有油盐酱醋面条一样，让人提不起一点精神和看下去的欲望，呆板、单调，没有可读性。如果一篇文章要让读者有可读性、有深度，同学们更应该掌握一些高级点词和语句来装饰你的文章，突出这篇文章的彩头，使文章增添文采，给读者以不一样的感受。具体方法可以参照下面的语句：

1. 画龙点睛，一篇文章的开头很重要。

在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即主语一般都会在谓语前面。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式，比如在文章的开始的时候写一些倒状语句或以状语为起始语句的开头，这样子的文章更具表现力和感染力。如：

(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.

→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

在小山顶上有一座古庙。

(2) You can do it well only in this way.

→ Only in this way can you do it well.

只有这样你才能把它做好。

(3) A young woman sat by the window.

→ By the window sat a young woman.

窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女。

2. 避免重复使用同一词语

为了使表达更生动，更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：

I like reading while my brother likes watching television.

→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.

我喜欢看书，而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。

3. 合理使用省略句

合理恰当地使用省略句，不仅可以使文章精练、简洁，而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。如：

(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?

→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?

他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.

→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.

如果天气好，我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去了。

(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.

→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.

她本可申请这份工作的，但她没有。

4. 适当运用非谓语结构

非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构，适当运用非谓语结构，会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。如：

(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.

→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.

听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。

(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。

(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.

→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.

他出生农民家庭，只上过两年学。

5. 结合使用长句与短句

在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。如：

At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.

→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.

中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，还有的讲笑话、下棋，大家玩得很开心。

6. 适当使用短语代替单词

(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.

→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.

他已决定长大了当老师。

(2) He doesnt like music.

→ He doesnt care much for music.

他不大喜欢音乐。

(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.

→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.

他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。

7. 恰当套用某些固定表达

(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.

→ He was too tired to walk any farther.

他太累了，不能再往前走了。

(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.

→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.

这电影很有趣，学生和老师都很喜欢。

(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.

→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.

你的儿子已经长大，可以自己照顾自己了。

8. 尽量使句子带点“洋味”

(1) Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.

→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.

别担心，大胆试一试，你很快就会学会的。

(2) Thank you for playing with us.

→Thank you for sharing the time with us.

谢谢你陪我玩。

9. 综合使用各类所谓的“高级”结构

(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.

→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.

现在人人都知道这消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。

(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.

→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.

我们所能做的只是站在那儿，设法抓住违章者。

(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.

→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.

如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话，至少也不会比她老师的差。

10. 适当使用名言警句点缀

在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章，不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧，而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。如：

(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.

(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.

(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”

纵览全国历年优秀作文，不难发现，语言的出彩和深刻的文化思考就是大多数文章成功的主要原因。如何才能在作文中做到这两点呢?其中一个有效的方法就是巧妙地使用诗词，用诗词打扮自己作文的语言，用诗词为文章增加文化的厚度。

在作文中用好诗词的途径很多，或是利用诗词巧拟标题，或是妙用为题记，或是化用诗词故事、结构构思自己的作文。在这里我们重点来讲讲如何在文章语段中使用诗词增添文采。

一是直接引用诗词。

一般可以围绕话题，发散思维，搜寻相关的诗词，排比成文。比如下面关于“生命”主题的一段文字，就是引用了四位诗人的诗句对“生命”作了解释：

生命就是龚自珍“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花”的献身精神;生命就是文天祥“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的浩然正气;生命就是苏东坡“一蓑风雨任平生”的超脱与豁达;生命就是杜甫“感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心”的无奈与感伤。

直接引用诗词让我们亲切地感受到了这四位诗人的形象，而排比成文更显示了作者对语言的把握能力，使文章的文采“跃然纸上”。再比如作文《望月》中的一个片段：

“惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色，取之不尽，用之不竭，是造物者之无尽藏也，而吾与子之所共适也。”月是我们应该珍惜的人人共享的天赐之福。“花间一壶酒，独酌无相亲。举杯邀明月，对影成三人。”月是我们招之即来，尽可倾诉的知己。“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。”月是游子思乡念亲的一杯苦茶。“人生代代无穷己，江月年年望相似。不知江月待何人，但见长江送流水。”月又是我们参透历史，顿悟人生的一剂良药。

对诗句的引用和评价淋漓尽致地将作者对诗词的分析鉴赏和感悟能力展现在了我们面前，让那轮万古的明月高悬在我们的上空，使我们遥想百年、千年之前古人的梦想，使文章有了深刻的文化思考。

一是化用诗词。

所谓化用，就是截取诗词的某一部分直接变成我们作文语言或者是用自己的语言去演绎诗词的意境。比如下面这些语段：

乐观就是那直上青天里的一行白鹭;乐观就是那沉舟侧畔的万点白帆;乐观就是那鹦鹉洲头随风拂动的萋萋芳草;乐观就是那化作春泥更护花的点点落红。——话题“乐观”片段

在众人皆醉的麻木空气中，你选择了清醒;在众人皆浊的恶浊世道上，你选择了清白。褪去了华服，你选择了荷叶制的衣裳;逐出了京城，你选择了汨罗江的波涛。——《面对选择》片段

出自内心真诚的心灵选择，才能勾画鹦鹉洲上的萋萋芳草，才能点化二十四桥的清风明月，才能渲染香炉峰间的日照紫烟。——《美丽一次》片段

是的，摒除了浮华，去掉了雕饰，我们就像一枝出自清水的芙蓉，透着迷人的清香。——《简单》片段

天空中一丝云儿飘过，淡淡的、自由自在，你觉得真好，这就是语文;初升的朝阳光芒万丈，你觉得生机勃发，这就是语文;如血的残阳映红半边天，让人无限留恋，别忘了这也是语文。语文是那巍巍昆仑，是那草叶上久久不肯滴落的露珠，是古城旧都中国色天香的牡丹;语文是那无声的冷月，是那静谧的荷塘，是秦皇岛外滔天白浪里的打渔船，是那青天里的一行白鹭，是那沉舟侧畔的万点白帆，是那山重水复后的柳暗花明。——《冷香飞上语文》

这些文字没有直接引用杜甫、刘禹锡、龚自珍等的诗句，而是将他们诗句中的意象搬用过来作为自己作文语言中的一个成分或是作者用自己的语言对诗句的意境进行大胆的描写。这样的语段让我们联想起诗句的意境，带领我们进入似曾相似的诗歌意境，但是又能感受到作文创作者的心声。同样它也能增加文章的文采。

当然写作这样的语段，最重要的是作者对诗词的分析、感悟和概括能力。如果不明白诗的意境，随便套用，那便是“画虎不成反类犬”了。

导语：随着科技的发展，你发现家乡有什么变化吗?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

My home town is in the center of Xuzhou which was a quiet and beautiful place. In the past, there were many animals. They were lovely and nice. The air was fresh and there were many birds fly in the sky.

Over the past years, it has changed a lot. At the present, it becomes a modern town and develops a lot. Now, the people in Xuzhou are richer than before, so most of people go to work by bus or by underground. Sometimes, they also drive their private cars to work. Many people sell out their old houses and move into new flats.

In some ways, the development has brought some good things, but it has also causes much environment pollution. I think we should take action to reduce the pollution.

​【参考译文】

我的家乡在徐州，是一个安静而美丽的地方中心。在过去，有许多动物。他们是可爱的，漂亮的。空气清新，有许多鸟在天空飞翔。

过去的那些年，它已经发生了很大的变化。现在，它已经成为一个现代化城市，也得到了很大的发展。现在徐州的人都比以前富有，所以大多数人都是乘巴士或地铁去工作的。有时候，他们也开私家车去上班。很多人卖了他们的老房子，然后搬进新公寓。

在某些方面，发展带来了好处，但是也带来了环境污染。我认为我们应该采取措施来减少污染。

​

作文不仅仅是语文科目的重头戏也是英语科目的重头戏，就为考生朋友们整理了高考英语作文范文，希望对大家有帮助!

车祸(An Accident)

My uncle will never forget what happened to him yesterday.

In the evening, he was invited to an inn. He enjoyed his dinner with his friends, drinking a lot of beers. As a result, he got drunk.He insisted on driving home after the meal, although his friends tried to persuade him not to do so.A few minutes later, he was winding his way on the street. And then his car ran into a tall tree. Fortunately, he was still alive, though seriously injured. The police came to the spot, and he was taken to the hospital. Naturally, he had to stay in the hospital for several days.Even worse, his driving license was revoked. How he regretted what he had done!

车祸

我的叔叔将永远忘不掉昨天发生的事情。昨天傍晚，朋友邀请他去喝酒。他和朋友们吃得很开心，也喝了很多酒。结果，他醉了。朋友劝他留下来，但他坚持开车回去。

一会儿后，车在路上摇摇晃晃，然后就撞到一颗树上了。幸运的是，他尽管伤得很重，但没有生命危险。警察来到事故现场，然后把他送到了医院。自然，他必须在医院里呆上几天。更为糟糕的是，他被吊销了驾驶执照。他对自己所做的事感到万分后悔。

[高考英语作文：车祸(An Accident)

Wele to Baishan Mountain Hotel

Baishan Mountain Hotel is now open for business。

Our hotel stands 500 meters away from the entrance to Baishan Mountain。 It

has 20 single rooms and 15 double rooms，all with hot showers。 A single room is

100 yuan and double room 150 yuan for one night。 You are advised to book in

advance。 The hotel serves three meals a day and there are Chinese food and

western food for you to choose from。 You can also enjoy yourself at the café

drinking tea or coffee in the evening。 We also have a swimming pool，which is

open all day and free of charge。

All are wele!

【不撇捺无以致远】

阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文.

有一副对联,上联是“若不撇开终是苦”,下联是“各能捺住就成名”,横批“撇捺人生”.“若”字如果不向左撇就是“苦”字,“各”字如果能把那一捺变成一点就是“名”字,一撇一捺即“人”字.

这副对联所蕴涵的人生哲理,引发了你怎样的思考或联想,根据你的思考或者联想写一篇文章,不少于800字.

注意：①立意自定;②文体自选;③书写规范,正确使用标点符号;④每一个错别字扣1分,重复不计;⑤不要套作,不得抄袭.

【文题解析】：这是一个二元关系命题.材料主要围绕“撇”和“捺”展开.写好本题的关键是要深入思考,细化认识.

首先,我们要明确“撇”和“捺”是对立统一的辩证关系,既要放得开,又要收得住;既要学会放弃,又要懂得坚守,这样才能做一个真正意义上的人!只“撇”不“捺”,为人就没有原则,没有分寸;只“捺”不“撇”,视野则会狭窄.“撇”和“捺”互相弥补,互为支撑,相辅相成,缺一不可,否则就不是一个完整的“人”.

其次,我们还得对“撇”和“捺”的关系进行深入的思考：为什么“撇开了,就能捺得住”?“撇不开”,结果又如何?“捺不住”又如何?这样一一反问,结果不言自明.

审读对联可知,撇开的是人生的诱惑,捺住的是寂寞、清苦、磨难等.写作范围可以谈古论今,材料既可以选择名人故事,也可以讲述自己的经历.文体选择上比较自由,素材掌握多的同学可以写议论文、议论性散文,叙述功底好的同学可以写记叙文.但无论选择何种文体,都应该从“撇”和“捺”两个方面加以论述、记叙.

【佳作赏析】

“如不撇开终是苦,各能捺住就成名.”一撇一捺,成就了大写的“人”.

凡世间之事,撇开虚名、幻想、得失,捺住方寸,才能有一颗坚守的心.只要我们用坚守的心来对待万事,我们的人生终会走向成功.

不撇捺无以致远.能撇能捺,如一阵风,静静地荡过湖面,却不愿掀起一丝波澜;如一缕烟,悠然地在屋顶上袅袅升起,不带走任何尘埃.用坚守的心来感知万物,我们终会有所获得.

其实,人生就像是去参加一次宴会,没有必要一路喧嚣,惊得花草树木不安.带着一颗宁静的心,我们采一束金菊,携一缕清风,以一种超然于物外的精神去赴这次宴会,又何尝不是乐事呢?

走进历史的河流,我静静地感受着那些亘古的一撇一捺.

他,采摘一束菊花,在那条小路上静静地走着.没有世俗的杂念,我看到了他眼中干净的风,看到了他脸上闲适的惬意.撇开功名利禄,在动荡之中仍然安分如此,陶潜,他把心化成了一潭水,超脱世俗之外,流进了宁静之中,他的人生成功了.撇开才能致远,“采菊东篱下,悠然见南山”是永远的碑塔,后人永远记住了他——隐逸者.

“辛苦遭逢起一经,干戈寥落四周星.”文天祥带着一身正气而来,却只能在惶恐滩头独自惶恐,在零丁洋里苦叹零丁.当曾经的繁华不再,他并没有随波逐流,而是用另一种方式——坚守来实现人生的价值.人们记住了他的“人生自古谁无死?留取丹心照汗青”,但更多的是折服于他在荣华富贵面前的平常心态.不坚守无以致远,一身正气的他并没有随风而逝,反而在历史的天空中久久飘荡.他,走进了人们的心中.

无论是旭日和风还是狂风暴雨,我们应该始终坚守着人生的“撇”“捺”.如陶潜,在坚守中飘出一抹淡菊的幽香;如文天祥,在坚守中释放出一身傲然正气.我们何不用坚守来书写出人生辉煌的篇章呢?

坚守是一轮不落的太阳.不撇不捺无以坚守,更无以致远.倘若没有它,我们就不会越过重重困难,在迷途中觅得心灵的港湾、找到停靠的彼岸.把人生当做一艘船吧,用一颗坚守的心慢慢地积蓄力量,不管世事如何变化,终有一天,我们会以饱满的精力渡向成功的彼岸.

人生中,不撇捺无以致远.