写作教案英语高中通用20篇

Waiter: This is menu. Are you ready to order now?

Tom: Sorry, we havent decided yet. Could you please give us a little longer?

Waiter: No problem.

Tom: Well, I think I would like to have a shrimp cocktail and the tomato sausage soup first. How about you, Jones.

Jones: The same for me, please.

Waiter: Yes, sir.

Jones: What main dish would you like, Tom?

Tom: Well, Id like the sole, please.

Jones: Ill have the sirloin steak.

Waiter: Yes. What would you like to drink?

Jones: Red wine for me. And you, Tom?

Tom: I think Ill have beer.

Jones: One goblet of red wine and one bottle of beer, please.

Waiter: Would you like a dessert?

Jones: What special kind of desserts do you have?

Waiter: Lemon pie, hot cake in syrup, chocolate sundae and custard pudding.

Tom: Well, I think well order after we finish the main course.

Waiter: All right, Ill bring the soup right away.

服务员:这是菜单。你准备好点菜了吗?

汤姆:对不起,我们还决定。你能请给我们一点时间吗?

侍者:没问题。

汤姆:嗯,我认为我想要一只虾鸡尾酒和第一个番茄红肠汤。你呢,琼斯。

琼斯:请同样的对我来说。

服务员:是的,先生。

琼斯:你喜欢什么主菜,汤姆?

汤姆:嗯,我想唯一,请。

琼斯:我沙朗牛排。

服务员:是的。你想喝点什么?

琼斯:红酒给我。而你,汤姆?

汤姆:我想我有啤酒。

琼斯:一个杯红酒,一瓶啤酒,谢谢。

服务员:你想要甜点吗?

琼斯:你们有什么特色甜品?

服务员:柠檬派,热糖水蛋糕,巧克力圣代和奶油布丁。

汤姆:嗯,我认为我们将订单完成后的主要课程。

服务员:好的,我马上把汤。

近年来我国相继发生“三聚氰胺奶粉”、“瘦肉精”、“地沟油”、“染色馒头”等恶性食品安全事件。下面是一幅反映这一现象的漫画，请你根据对这幅漫画的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应包括以下内容：

1. 简述漫画内容，揭示漫画主题。

2. 分析产生这一现象的原因。

3. 针对如何解决这一问题提出你的建议。

注意：

1. 可参照图示及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。

2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

参考范文：

One possible version:

In recent years, a series of food safety incidents, such as melamine-tainted milk, lean meat powder, the dyed steamed buns, etc, have appeared across our country. As is vividly shown in the picture, the young wife is cooking. She is asking her husband whether he has finished checking the vegetables, and her husband answers that he needs one more step. This cartoon vividly illustrates how worried ordinary people are about food safety situation in China.

Several reasons contribute to this phenomenon. Firstly, people are too concerned about making quick money and short-term success during this period of economic and social transition. Secondly, ineffective supervision is also to blame. Some food inspectors make profits from the fines of illegal companies and therefore are unwilling to shut them down.

I firmly believe that urgent measures must be taken to prevent similar cases from happening again. First of all, the authorities concerned should step up their efforts to ensure food safety and severely punish those who break the Food Safety Law. Meanwhile, we must strengthen education of social morality to make sure that companies shoulder more social responsibilities and take consumers’ interests and health into account. Only in these ways can we set up a sound food safety system.

[高中英语优秀作文：食品安全

when we talk about dreams, we are so excited, we have many dreams, such as being a famous person, traveling around the world and so on. dreams are what we pursue for a lifetime, with many dreams, we have motivation to fight for our life. the opposite side of dream is reality, we have to face reality everyday, reality is what we perceive in our life. reality always frustrates us to be successful. we need to balance them. first, we need to face reality, though it is not ideal, we live in a world, we have to know exactly who we are. second, to make our dreams come true, we need to adjust our dreams according to the reality.

in this way, our dreams can achieve. lets work hard together to make our dreams come true.

If I were a boy again, I would practice perseverance more often, and never give up a thing because it was or inconvenient. if we want light, we must conquer darkness. perseverance can sometimes equal genius in its results. “there are only two creatures,” says a proverb, “who can surmount the pyramids—the eagle and the snail.”

if i were a boy again, I would school myself into a habit of attention; i would let nothing come between me and the subject in hand. i would remember that a good skater never tries to skate in two directions at once.the habit of attention becomes part of our life, if we begin early enough. i often hear grown up people say “ i could not fix my attention on the sermon or book, although I wished to do so” , and the reason is, the habit was not formed in youth.

if I were to live my life over again, I would pay more attention to the cultivation of the memory. I would strengthen that faculty by every possible means, and on every possible occasion. it takes a little hard work at first to remember things accurately; but memory soon helps itself, and gives very little trouble. it only needs early cultivation to become a power.

As the saying goes, "A friend in need is a friend indeed". Friends play a very essential role in our daily life. However, how to make goods friends is a problem for most of us. As for me, I have three principles to choose friends.

正如谚语所说的那样，患难见真情。朋友在我们日常生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。然而，如何交到一个好朋友是我们大多数人都遇到过的问题。

In the first place, good friends should have their own principles. We should take into account the fact that people who insist on their principles have high quality. Therefore, it is worth making friends with them.

首先，好朋友应该是有他们自己的处事原则。我们应该认识到这样一个事实，坚持自己原则的人一般都是具有高尚的品格。因此，这样的人值得我们去交朋友。

Then, I want to point out that good friends should be full of trust. This kind of person has a pure heart, so we can communicate with each other by heart.

然后，我想说的是，好的朋友应该是充满真诚的。这样的朋友有一颗赤子之心，我们能用心来彼此交流。

Finally, active friends are just like beautiful sunshine. They can light up our blue mood, drive away the dark clouds and give us courage.

最后，拥有积极心态的朋友就像美丽的阳光。他们能够照亮我们忧郁的心情，驱走乌云，给我们鼓励。

Friends who have above three characteristics will be great wealth for us.

能交到有以上三个特征的朋友将会是我们巨大的财富。

自我感觉良好。座右铭是：做与不做是一回事，做不做得到是另一回事儿。勇于拼搏，积极进取。觉得人生就像“马拉松”，跑完一程又一程，感受着追求的快感，不在乎结果，却讲究过程。

在档案里突然发现，我都已经不记得那时侯这么给自己评价的。但是我当时觉得我的人生可能就到此为颠峰了吧，那是我最快乐也是最有活力跟冲劲的时候。

曾经很想找回那时的感觉，最后发现不太可能。

但是我会想跑一程，跑起来就会觉的没有什么不可能的。

引用一个网友的心得：“很正常，一般人都无法想象，一个人在途中连续跑好几个小时，他脑子里会想些什么，他到底又为了什么。经历过的人会明白，那几个小时中，脑子里什么都想，喜怒哀乐，人生的一切，甚至包括对人生的迷茫和对生命的感悟，有激动，有欣喜，有孤单，有痛苦，有坚持，有希望……正如跑版那句耳熟能详的名言：人生就是一场马拉松，领先和落后都是暂时的，唯有拼搏向前才是永恒。我很庆幸，在马拉松，我找到了自己的精神支柱。”

我也很庆幸，我跑了那个1500。

为了那个1500，有几天早上不搭车就跑到学校，经常沿着江滩跑，可以看到城市日出，可以和晨练的老人聊上几句，可以感受一种祥和、平静，就象神在我左右。我闭上眼睛，屏住呼吸，小鸟就会自然落到我肩上，阳光也会照在我的侧脸。我就会很温暖，和周围空气一样温暖得可以融合到一起。这样就很幸福很满足了！

导语：时光飞逝!我的丰富多彩的初中生活即将结束。我很高兴告诉你我的学校生活。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

How time flies!My colorful junior middle school life is coming to an end. I’m glad to tell you something about my school life.

When I was six years old, I started school. Since I became a student, I have been studying very hard. My parents are quite proud of me.

Now, I study at Wucun Middle School, which is not only modern but also beautiful. The teachers in my school are so kind and hardworking that I love them very much. All the teachers regard us students as their own children. Also they are strict with us and strict in their work. I am getting along very well with my classmates. Whenever we have difficulties in our study, we help each other. I have many interests such as dancing, singing, reading books and playing sports, and I especially enjoy basketball, which makes me smarter and helps me learn faster and better. So I’ve improved my life in this way.

My school life is full of happiness and fun. Although we have some new challenges every day, I’ll try my best to meet them.

【参考译文】

时光飞逝!我的丰富多彩的初中生活即将结束。我很高兴告诉你我的学校生活。

当我六岁的时候，我就开始学了。自从我成为一个学生，我一直在努力学习。我的父母为我感到骄傲。

现在，我在梧村中学读书，这不仅是现代的，而且还很漂亮。我的学校里的老师是那样的善良和勤劳，我非常爱他们。所有的老师都把我们学生当作自己的孩子。他们也对我们严格要求，对他们的工作要求严格。我和我的同学相处得很好。每当我们学习困难时，我们互相帮助。我有很多兴趣爱好，如跳舞、唱歌、看书和运动，我特别喜欢篮球，这让我更聪明，帮助我更快和更好的学习。所以我已经用这种方式改善了我的生活。

我的学校生活充满快乐和乐趣。虽然我们每天都有新的挑战，我会尽我最大的努力去满足他们。

示例：

Dear______,

I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for ________(感谢的原因). If it had not been for your assistance in _________(对方给你的具体帮助), I fear that I would have been_________(没有对方帮助时的后果).

Every one agrees that it was you who__________(给出细节).

Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

Dear ______ ,

①I have learned with delight that you ______(祝贺事由). ②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on ______. ③You must be ______. ④And I feel very happy for you.

⑤ ______(所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news! ⑥I know this is surely owing to ______(被祝贺人过去的努力).⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your ______(被祝贺人的优点).

⑧Kindly let me know when you ______(咨询对方何时有空).⑨I hope ______(表达自己的愿望). ⑩My best wishes for your further success.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

越来越浮躁和急功近利的高中作文教学，已经迫不及待到不顾学生初中一人一事记叙为主的写作基础，也不等高中慢慢引导转变需要渐进的过程，直接在区统考就要求以议论为为主的话题作文。我的急就章是紧急作以下三项训练。实际效果又发现学生完全没有一般思想认识的基础，真正可见现在所谓合格教育的成效，和高中教学要求的“架空作业”。所以，再附上我以往整理常见话题作文论证角度举隅以供临考抱抱佛脚：

初高中作文的脱胎换骨

一、文章形式的革命——夹叙夹议

尽快脱离初中只重记叙，笼统归结的写法。高中的作文记叙只向最高水平开一条缝，你得复杂记叙，融情思与哲理于一炉，有最动人的细节和最精美的表达，巧妙蕴含深刻的思辨和无穷的回味，这不是一般人能做到的，更不是学不会议论抒情的同学的避难所。所以，比自己多练议论，远比固守初中记叙的窠臼要有前途。高中的记叙必须简约，只提炼能说明自己观点的内核，而尽量舍弃叙述的完整过程与细节。叙，惜墨如金;而起始学写议，应力求具体多点分析阐述。

二、文章立意的升华——深入浅出

叙完笼统归结是初中模式作文的又一通病，常常文章的结尾具有宽泛的普适性，而缺乏对文章应有之义作具体针对性的挖掘阐发，常常文章的“穿鞋戴帽”大到可以套在无数篇文章上，却没什么真正的思考。高中作文倘使还用夹叙夹议，也要对叙的材料反复推敲，找出几例可以统一在一个观点里的材料，就材料的不同侧面来评析议论，最后上升归结出恰当切题、言之有物的中心。

三、文章表达的提高——点睛生花

好的文笔追求更高效率、更多意蕴。描述中就渗透情思与评析，这是较高水平的表达。一般的叙议分段，也应注意所叙材料紧贴自己的议论，议论应采取逐层推进，前后分界，避免相互缠绕。但又必须前后连贯，形成一个整体。在文章中一定写好精心组织的关键议论，努力使文章多处呈现运用一定修辞的文采。

话题作文训练举隅

话题作文的基本要求：话题作文还是要审题，所写内容必须在话题范围之内。“立意自定”，关键要读懂话题关键词的意旨，若给出导语提示，还应划出导语中包含归结的关键语词。一般初学者，首先要注意让这些关键词贯穿在自己作文的始终，统帅自己的文意。

规定“题目自拟”，一定不要用话题作标题。1、标题范围尽量要小，不要太大太泛;要合理出新，不落俗套。2、标题不能过长，可以采用副标题的方式对主标题加以限制。3、标题要含蓄，把思维蕴涵于形象的标题之中。

挑出十个最贴近学生现实生活的话题供临战训练选用：

1、以“快乐”为话题

2、以“理解”为话题

3、以“友谊”为话题

4、以“渴望”为话题

5、以“读书”为话题

6、以“信赖”为话题

7、以“幸福”为话题

8、以“关心”为话题

9、以“变化”为话题

10、以“家”为话题

议论文写作ABC

A.学习横向展开议论——并列式结构

议论文有一些基本结构形式，如并列式、递进式、对照式、启感式、总分式等。其中并列式是典型的横向模式，即先提出总论点，然后并列地从几个方面分别对总论点加以论述，即论述部分是由并列的几个分论点的论述组成的。并列式的几个分论点常常放在每段开头，以显示层次。采用这种结构形式的关键，是能够对一个总论点从不同的侧面来加以认识，并能够并列地排出几个能说明总论点的分论点来。

横向并列式结构的优点：首先，能使文章思路清晰，条理分明。议论文重在阐明道理，而要说明某个问题，如能分成几个方面来进行论述，往往可以使议论显得有条不紊，多而不乱。其次，从议论的力度和效果来看，采用横向结构往往能使议论气韵酣畅，有如重浪排阔，给读者造成强烈印象，从而增强了议论的说服力。再次，议论时恰当合理地采用横向结构，能显示出作者在特定的思维范围内的不同指向的深度开掘，体现出作者思维的深刻程度。可以说，横向结构是应试作文写作中快速成文的有效方法之一。使用横向并列式结构要注意的几点：第一，要考虑分论点的轻重关系、主次关系、先后关系、时间关系。第二，形式要一目了然，即每段中心句应在段首作中心句。第三，要多角度地观察、分析、认识事物。第四，分论点角度要统一、不能交叉包容。

最常见的并列式模块：排比开段，从一个大范围里几个不同侧面点去逐一分论;古往今来时间式：昨天—今天—明天，历史—现实—未来;远近高低空间式：个人—单位(班级、学校)—社会(国家、民族、国际、人类社会)，或者倒过来，从社会到联系自我。

初学者也可以用正反对照式的两分法结构，为避免结构简单，论证不全面，建议在分论中再分论，来达到论证较完整充分的效果。

B.学习纵向展开议论——层进式结构

议论文纵向层进式结构的基本特征：层进式结构即文章各层次之间层层深入、步步推进的关系，各层的前后顺序有严格要求，不能随意改动。这是议论文经常使用的一种结构方式。

一般说来，一个有社会意义的问题的提出，一种倾向、一个观点的形成都有其历史的原因、现状的原因和将来的原因，探讨这些原因，就构成了论证的纵向角度。

所谓纵向论证联系，是指总论点、分论点和小论点之间的逻辑论证顺序，以及分论点之间，小论点之间的逻辑论证顺序。议论文内容之间的纵向逻辑联系，具体表现为议论文的纵式结构，其特点在于议论文的思想体系是纵向展开的。毛泽东同志指出：“写文章要讲逻辑。就是注意整篇文章，整篇讲话的结构，开头、中间、尾巴要有一种关系，要有一种内部的联系，不要互相冲突。”(毛泽东;《农业合作化的一场辩论和当前的阶级斗争》《毛泽东选集》第五卷，第217页)只有恰当处理议论文内容的纵向逻辑联系，才能使议论文有严谨的结构。

一篇议论文为了阐述总论点，要列出几个分论点，每个分论点扩展为一个部分，各个分论点之间，各个部分之间，应有内在联系。每个分论点又分为几个小论点，每个小论点又扩展为一段，各个小论点之间，各个段之间，也应有内在联系。这样，全篇议论的纵向逻辑联系便体现出来了，并且相应地形成了议论文的完整体系和严谨结构。

层进式的基本结构是“是什么—为什么—怎么办”，文章的各个层次之间，环环相扣，步步深入.或从现象到本质，或从原因到结果，或从一般到特殊等等。层进式比并列式和对照式更能体现思维的缜密，能使文章更灵活，更具有个性化色彩。

C.议论段落的基本构成

1.提出分论思考的问题：可直接立论，也可以用比喻引导。

2.或引证或解释分论的具体意思、理论出发点和依据。

3.例证，简约概述论据，仅陈述与自己分论相关的部分事实，大胆略去为人熟知的来龙去脉，具体过程。必要时可以堆叠多个有不同区别的材料，组成“集束炸弹”。也可以引用更详尽的理论论据来增加说服力。

4.对论据作必要的阐释，使之更贴近符合自己的分论角度;也进一步夯实自己的论述基础。

5.有力归论，使分论进一步有效发挥强大的逻辑力量。在例证和阐释过程中，可尽量多选用高一现已学过的多种论证方法，如对比、类比、喻证、假设推论等方法，努力减少对叙述的依赖性，增加有效议论的分量。

32个思品道德话题论证角度

1.爱国

论证角度：①爱国是公民的神圣使命②爱国就要为祖国的崛起而努力③爱国要从自我作起④爱国不能盲目排外⑤爱国就不会为祖国的贫穷而悲观

2.改革

论证角度：①改革是一个循序渐进的过程②改革需要全民族的同心同德③改革不能不付出代价，忍受阵痛④改革要牺牲小我，顾全大局⑤改革才能最终消除社会弊端

3.法制

论证角度：①法制是民主的保障②法制之网必须疏而不漏③法制是约束权力的利器④法制的松驰必然导致社会道德的沦丧⑤法制的严厉是使公民树立法制观念的捷径

4.教育

论证角度：①教育是国家富强的先决条件②教育是一项跨世纪的投资③教育是摆脱愚昧、走向文明的阶梯④教育在富裕之后更要重视⑤教育可以减少犯罪，维护社会安定

5.廉政

论证角度：①廉政能为经济建设保驾护航②廉政才能取信于民③廉政有且助于净化社会空气④廉政才能保证市场经济公平竞争⑤廉政建设必须严格立法，强化监督

6.正义

论证角度：①正义代表着科学、理性和良知②正义是一种社会公正的体现③正义必须以强大的力量为后盾④正义是除暴安良的旗帜⑤正义是当今时代迫切的呼唤

7.爱心

论证角度：①爱心可以温暖人心，使社会充满浓郁的人情味②爱心奉献的回报就是享受到别人的爱③爱心可以减少社会不安定因素④爱心的丧失是源于社会的公正的丧失

8.竞争

论证角度：①竞争可以推动人类文明的创造②竞争能使真正的人才脱颖而出③竞争可以增强人的危机感与挑战意识④竞争要遵守法律规则与职业道德⑤竞争必须具备顽强的斗志和良好的心理承受能力

9.美德

论证角度：①美德可以克制人欲，完善人类本身②美德可以获得别人由衷的信任和永恒的敬仰③美德的标准随着时代的变化而变化④美德沦丧中获利的人将成为别人沦丧美德的牺牲品⑤美德纳入法制的轨道才能迅速普及

10.财富

论证角度：①财富本身无善恶，关键看如何运用②财富追求的天性可以调动人的积极性③财富是满足高层次精神需要的物质基础④财富能给智者带来享受，却不能使愚者摆脱空虚⑤财富的获取不可逾越法律，损人利己

11.自由

论证角度：①自由是一种不能违犯法律的权利②自由的获得与社会的发展相辅相成③自由只有在安定的社会中才能真正享有④自由意味着对他人权利有尊重⑤自由被不正当地束缚就会压抑人的创造活力

12.真理

论证角度：①真理是最公正的历史裁判②真理的捍卫需要大无畏精神③真理的认识是一个曲折的过程④真理道出容易，化为行动难⑤真理不怕批评，不能靠人数多寡判定

13.理想

论证角度：①理想远大的青年是中国未来的希望②理想的实现不能耽于幻想，一蹴而就③理想的真谛在于追求的过程而不在追求的结果④理想的达成需要历经坎坷，埋头苦干⑤理想的追求应当与社会需要相契合

14.青春

论证角度：①青春的真谛在于心灵的年轻②青春是未来的奠基石③青春只有苦斗的义务没有消闲的权利④青春稍纵即逝，切莫虚掷光阴⑤青春的热情点燃时代精神的火炬

15.创造

论证角度：①创造是人才的本质②创造要有渊博的知识③创造要克服隋性敢于标新立异④创造力的萎缩导致民族活力的窒息⑤创造是苦思冥想之后的一种享受

16.多思

论证角度：①多思可以领悟人生，洞察社会，获得心灵的自由②多思能够使人摆脱浅薄，走向睿智③多思才能举一反三，活学活用④多思与勤学相辅相成⑤多思使事业的成功事半功倍

17.才智

论证角度：①才智的本质特征是创造②才智善于与社会需要结合才能闪出灿烂的光华③才智来源于学习和实践④才智日益成为现代社会决定胜负的利器⑤才智缺少了道德的规范将走向反面

18.求知

论证角度：①求知意味着给愚暗的心灵点起光明的圣火②求知是现代社会参予竞争、成名成才的需要③求知最大障碍是坐井观天，自命不凡④求知和思索结合起来才能融汇贯通，运用自如⑤求知既要学习书本知识，又要认识现实社会

19.实干

论证角度：①实干意味着不能光说不练②实干是通向成功的彼岸的桥梁③实干要力求巧干，避免蛮干④实干应有科学的指南和切实的目标⑤实干是对空谈的最有力的反驳

20.磨难

论证角度：①磨难是走向成熟的一个难得机会②磨难可以砥砺人的意志的性格③磨难是竞争社会里人所面临的一种挑战④磨难有助于正确认识自我⑤磨难中最需要坚定不移的人格和乐观向上的精神

21.自信

论证角度：①自信是竞争取胜的首要条件②自信的基础是智慧和才能③自信可以产生的巨大精神力量④自信是冷静的自我评估而非妄自尊大⑤自信可使人处变不惊，反败为胜

22.进取

论证角度：①进取才能获得人生的辉煌②进取才能把握今天，创造明天③进取意味着超越平庸④进取应该准备有所牺牲⑤时取的黄金岁月是青春时代

23.探索

论证角度：①探索要有“吃螃蟹的勇气”②探索是永无止境的追求③探索才能开创社会的未来④探索应该以科学的武器为指导⑤探索要不怕失败，敢于再辟蹊径

24.实践

论证角度：①实践是检验真理的唯一标准②实践是求知的最终目的③实践可以使理论更加完美④实践的成功以顽强坚韧的精神为动力⑤重视实践不能轻视书本知识的学习

25.勇气

论证角度：①勇气可以在竞争中先声夺人，占据主动②勇气不和智慧相结合是匹夫之勇③勇气不是盲目抗争，作无谓牺牲④勇气是突破模式、走向创造的心理基础⑤勇气意味着不苟且，维护人格尊严

26.乐观

论证角度：①乐观可以获得巨大的人生鼓舞②乐观的实质是正视现实，采取对策，走出困境③乐观的源泉是对自身能力的自信④乐观是满怀希望和危机意识的统一⑤乐观并不等于自我满足，安于现状

27.机遇

论证角度：①机遇偏爱才干超凡的人②机遇不能坐等而要去创造③机遇的把握要当机立断④机遇因人而异，不能盲目模仿⑤机遇的失去无须怨天尤人

28.志节

论证角度：①志节使人锐意进取，奋发图强②志节意味着要立长志，不要常立志③志节是自我激励的精神武器④志节使人能够忍受磨难，乐观向上⑤志节是一个民族傲立于世的精神支柱

29.奉献

论证角度：①奉献是社会责任②奉献的实质是我为人人，人人为我③奉献要从干好自己本职工作做起④奉献的精神来自切合实际的道德教育⑤奉献是竞争机制的补充和完善

30.友谊

论证角度：①友谊长存的基础是志同道合②友谊意味着一种责任，而不是一个机会③友谊的大敌是斤斤计较，嫉贤妒能④友谊范围的广泛是参予社会的一大优势⑤友谊的维护不能忽视适度的礼节

31.遵纪守则

论证角度：①遵纪守则是立身之本。②遵纪守则有利于安定团结。③慎独是遵纪有力保证。④加强纪律性可以无往不胜。⑤遵纪守则应成为一种社会风气。

32.科学发展观，第一要义是发展，核心是以人为本，基本要求是全面协调可持续，根本方法是统筹兼顾。

导语：春节算是中国最热闹的节日，春节那段时间到处都洋溢着热闹幸福的气氛，下面是小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与鉴赏，谢谢。

Spring Festival is the most important festival in China .It‘s to celebrate the lunar calendar ’s new year .In the evening before the Spring Festival ，families get together and have a big meal .In many places people like to set off firecrackers .Dumplings are the most traditional food .Children like the festival very much ，because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .They can also get some money from their parents. This money is given to children for good luck . People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune .

The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .People visit relatives and friends with the words “Have all your wishes ”。 People enjoy the Spring Festival ，during this time they can have a good rest .

在多年的雅思教学中，我发现学生在实际考试中面临着不同的写作障碍，影响了考试成绩，雅思英语考试中应该如何克服写作障碍。归纳起来大致有以下几个方面：

一、真情流露，无从下笔

有的考生在考试时见到作文题，顿感思路塞车，好像有许多话要说，但又不知究竟应从那里写起。明智的做法是“投其所好、尽情发挥。”考生不妨把作文的要求量化到每一个段落，一篇250词左右的作文一般不会超过15句话，把这15句话根据题目要求分配到各段中去，每一段大概只说那么几句话，事实上往往是说得越多错误越多。因此，每句话紧扣提纲，见好就收,这才是最稳妥的对策。

二、心里明白，难以表达

在考场上有的考生题目看得懂，提纲也明白，就是不知道该说什么，头脑里一片空白。这是在雅思写作考试中的一种常见的现象，针对这一现象，最有效的办法就是要善于联想到一些具体的事实，具体的例证和具体的现象。事实上，雅思的作文题目一定是一个具有社会普遍型话题，其目的是让不同教育背景的考生都有话可说。因此，考生一定能就题目联想起具体细小的事情再形成观点。把看得见摸得着的事物带来的思考变成作文里的实质内容，这不失为一种很好的策略。

因此，当头脑出现空白时，应该由具体细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考形成观点，再进行论述。这种定式思维的形成需要多下功夫多练习。

三、一味追求标新立异，导致无从下笔

考试时通常发现有的考生聚精会神的坐在那里冥思苦想，非要想出一个与众不同的观点。陷入这种境地的考生，显然犯了一个根本性的错误，参考时间为40分钟的作文，一般应在35分钟之内完成,再用几分钟的时间检查语言错误。可有的考生十几分钟一句话都写不了，就是因为他太进入角色了，这是考试中一个很大的误区。

考作文的目的纯粹是通过这一命题形式，考查考生的英语水平如何，雅思英语《雅思英语考试中应该如何克服写作障碍》。命题人关注的是书面表达能力，而不是看一个人有没有内容，思想有没有深度，所以“一味追求标新立异”是没有必要的。

四、构思、写作不统一，落实有困难

实事求是的讲，要求考生完全运用英语思维来写作文是不现实的。很多考生在实际写作过程中，脑子里想的是中文句子，然后再把中文句子译成英文。因此采用“得其意，忘其形”的方法，忘掉中文的语法结构，句法形式则可能要整个地打乱，“钻进去，跳出来”。所谓“钻进去”就是要看意思是否到位了，“跳出来”就是要忘记中文的语言形式。实际上把英文译成中文，关键是要在转换中把意思表达出来。

针对构思、写作不统一，落实有困难情况。必须摒弃翻译中追求一一对应的关系，并机械地把中文译成英文的方法，应该把中文句子结构彻底地忘记，然后用比较简单的“万能”英语表达。平时不妨做一做这样的练习，通过阅读不认识词条的英文注解，然后试着把单词译成中文词，再去对照英汉词典的汉语释义，慢慢地就会开始领会用英语表达的门道了。

五、被动心态压抑新构思

尽管雅思考试作文为规定式命题，但考生仍可积极主动地发挥。其主动性在于采取回避的策略，表达上采取迂回的方式，即运用不很复杂的语言。内容的取舍上避重就轻地写比较易于表达的内容。很多人在写作过程中从头至尾都处于被动状态，当有内容想要表达清楚的时候，却又发现种种途径都不可能表达好，只好硬着头皮把自己意识到没把握的东西勉强写上去。连自己都意识到可能是错误的东西，只会产生于己不利的负面影响。所以，当有的内容感觉一点找不着，英语实在表达不清楚的时候，就应该彻底地放弃。单词拼写错误也是雅思考试作文写作的一大问题。常用单词是不能拼错的，有的单词平时会拼写，考试时突然没把握了，不妨换一下或许还能想起另外一个难度大一点、拼写有把握的来代替。应该回避明确知道自己不会拼写的词。如果没法换一个词，将句子改换一种说法亦未尝不可。有的考生在考卷上没把握的地方标上问号，或者把两种可能都写上，让判卷老师选择，这个方法是不可取的。

总之，不能让自己陷人被动，想说什么，用什么方式说。说多少，说到什么程度。一切都应由考生主动把握，这样才会减少心理上的压力，

There is no consensus [knsenss] 一致of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion(观念) is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测

在今日全球化的经济环境下，有效地用英语(精品课)交流已经变得至关重要。

然而如何清晰地表达你的想法却是门大学问。太多时候人们只是简单地照抄他们眼中同事，尤其是上级写出来的“漂亮英语”。你每天都能在收件箱里看到很多例子——那些难懂的需要你读好多遍才能理解的邮件。

一个巨大的错误就是用一些不必要的单词和词组让你的文章变得冗长。你要牢记你写作的目的是为了更清晰地交流你的想法。

总是尽可能减少你句子中使用的字数，避免使用可以用更短的词代替的长词。以下是一些例子：

Instead of "prior to" use *before*

用“before”代替“prior to”

Instead of "subsequent" use *after*

用“after”代替“subsequent”

Instead of "in order to" use *to*

用“to”代替“in order to”

Instead of "in the event that" use *if*

用“if”代替“in the event that”

Instead of "with reference to" use *about*

用“about”代替“with the reference to”

Instead of "state of the art" use *latest*

用“latest”代替“state of the art”

Instead of "due to the fact that" use *since*

用“since”代替“due to the fact that”

Instead of "not later than 2pm" use *by 2pm*

用“by 2pm”代替“not later than 2pm”

Instead of "at the present time" use *now*

用“now”代替“at the present time”

同时也要记得文章有组织性。第一句话就要开门见山地点出你每一段要讲什么。除此之外，要控制你邮件的长度。没人想读一条长达10段的邮件。

通过使用简单的单词和易懂的词组，你就能最终提高你信息的清晰度。

The annual Spring Festival will soon come, everyone is busy to stick couplets on theSpring Festival, every family is jubilant atmosphere, very happy, our family is no exception, annual 29, I just get up and cried out, mother let my sister and I to stick couplets on the Spring Festival, we put up a big everyone in the middle of the door, the door both sides put up Spring Festival couplets, top allied is bottom allied FuZhongSheng is fond of music is "rich world wealth suisui huan" horizontal batch is "good luck in the New Year" we soon ok, Im very happy to be looked at his work.

New Years eve morning, we put on new clothes, and sister go to set off firecrackers. A villager "through the voice from our ears, as if to send blessings to families, we arevery happy. New Years eve night, we ate dinner, I and the father? Mother and sister together to watch Spring Festival gala. The wonderful performance of let my mood suddenly enlightened, crosstalk, sketch and dance... Very good. But I like the small shenyang? Ya eggs? Zhao benshan and old never put off till tomorrow what you can do "not bad money" is so fun.

ChenMo is my desk mate who is a good student in the eyes of classmates andteachers.

She is the first one to get to school every day.

Usually, she spendshalf an hour in learning English that takes us much to remember vocabularies andread the articles. Moreover, she not only focuses on her own study, but alsohelps other students in need.

Classmates like asking her for help, because sheis always ready for help.

However, I prefer to regard her as my friend ratherthan desk mate.

We communicate with each other frequently after class.

We discussour study as well as share our lives. She is desperately interested in playingbadminton, so do I. We would play badminton very Friday after class, whichhelps us relax ourselves as well build our body. It’s so great to have a deskmate that has interest in common.

陈茉是我的同桌，她是老师和同学眼里的好学生。她每天都是第一个到教室的。

通常，她会花半个小时学习英语。英语需要花比较多的时间去记单词和读课文。陈茉不仅专注于自己的学习，也积极帮助其他有需要的同学。

同学们喜欢找她帮忙，因为她总是那么乐于助人。

但是，在我眼里，她不仅是我的同桌，更是我的朋友。课后，我们经常相互交流，讨论学习问题或是分享彼此的生活。她很喜欢打羽毛球，我也一样。我们常常会在周五下课后打羽毛球，这不仅能使我们得到放松，也有益于我们的身体健康。能有一个拥有相同兴趣爱好的同桌真是太好了。

[高中英语作文：我的同桌

After seeing so many movies about the youth, we are starting to wonder about what do we have in our youth, the fight, the drink or the love?

My answer is no.

What we see from the movie is not true, the plots are exaggerated and misunderstood.

For students, their youth is the process of fighting. They have studied so hard to realize their dreams.

When they are in primary school, they want to do well and make their parents be proud of them.

When they are in middle school and high school, they need to take part in the exams so as to enter the better future schools.

Even they are in college, they still need to study and fight for the ideal job. There is no doubt that most people keep fighting for their future and this is the memory of youth.

看了很多关于青春的电影之后,我们开始思考我们的青春有什么,打架,喝酒或谈恋爱?我的答案是否定的。

我们从电影看到的是不正确的,故事情节被夸大了,也被误解了。对于学生,他们的青春是战斗的过程。他们努力学习来实现梦想。

在上小学的时候,他们想要做的很好,让父母为他们感到骄傲。当他们在初中和高中的时候,需要参加考试,以便将来进入更好的学校。甚至在大学,他们仍然需要学习和争取理想的工作。毫无疑问,大多数人一直在为自己的未来奋斗,这是青春的记忆。

[高中英语作文：青春的记忆

OnceI studied in middle school, I met a very nice English teacher. Her name wasClara. Although I have left her for a long time, I still remember her verywell. It was her who gave me the enthusiasm to learn English, and it was alsoher who pulled me up when I stumbled.

在我读中学的时候，我遇到了一个非常好的英语老师。她的名字是克拉拉。虽然我离开她已经很长时间了，但我仍然记得她。是她给了我学习英语的热情，也是她在我跌倒时扶我一把。

Thefirst time I saw her, I was very surprised, because she was very young andbeautiful. She was also humorous. She always made her classes lively andinteresting. As she always did the activities with us, she was not only ourteacher, but also our best partner.

我第一次见到她的时候，我感到非常惊讶，因为她很年轻很漂亮。她还很幽默。她总是让她的课生动有趣。因为她总是与我们互动，所以她不仅是我们的老师，也是我们的最好的伙伴。

What’smore, she was very patient and responsible. Every time I was in trouble, shealways offered me a hand. She was willing to communicate with me. I didnt knowhow to appreciate her. Without her, my English cant be so good.

更重要的是她很有耐心和责任心。每次我遇到麻烦的时候，她总是帮助我。她愿意和我交流。我不知道如何感谢她。没有她，我的英语不会这么好的。

[高中英语作文：我的英语老师

一、学校生活及学习成绩

Be getting on well with one’s study某人的学习越来越好

take several courses at school在学校学若干门课程

have English (Chinese, Physics…) every (other )day work hard at…

put one’s heart into…专心于;致力于

be interested in…

be fond of

like chemistry best

be good at…; be poor at…; do well in…; be weak in…

make progress in…; fail in…’ be tired of…’

pass the examination; give sb. a passing grade;

major in history主修历史

He has the best record in school.他的成绩最棒。

get a doctor’s degree获得博士学位

be more interesting to sb.

learn about; succeed in…; be active in class (work);

take an active part in…; learn… by heart;

work out a (maths) problem; improve oneself in…;

get 90 marks for (English); get an“A” in the exam;

have a good command of…

lay a good foundation in (language study)

二、师生关系

get on well with sb; like to be with students;

be gentle with us; be kind to sb;

be a strict teacher; be strict with one’s pupils;

be strict in work

We think of him (her) as…; help sb with sth;

praise sb for sth…; blame sb for sth..

give advice on…; question sb on…

be satisfied with…

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day; give sb a lot of work;

try to teach sb good study habits; make one’s lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.;

teach sb to do sth.

devote all one’s time to work;

admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education

佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。

三、课余活动及周末生活

spend one’s time in many different ways;

enjoy doing things by oneself; go swimming;

go for an outing; have an outing at (the seashore);

see the sights of Beijing; play the piano (violin);

play chess (basketball); have a swim;

have dances on weekends; have a picnic over the weekend;

go to the cinema; have a party; hold a sports meeting;

do some reading; help sb do sth; enjoy a family trip;

get everything ready for;

ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park);

There are a lot of activities at (the beach).

We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.

She would like to bring sth. to the picnic.

It was a very relaxing Sunday.

There are good programmes on TV on weekends.

四、彼此沟通信息

take a message for sb; send a message to sb;

hear from sb; talk about/of sth; tell sb to do sth;

get information about…;

express one’s idea (feelings) in English用英语表达一个人的思想(感情);

Write sb a letter saying…给某人写信说...， apologize to sb for…

thank you for…; make a speech t at the meeting;

explain sth to s; look upon sb as…; think sb to be…;

take sb’s side

五、事件中人的态度

would like to do; allow sb to do;

keep sb from doing (prevent sb. from doing);

call on sb to do; be afraid to do (be afraid of…);

fee like doing; insist on doing; drive sb. off;

speak highly of sb; speak ill of sb; think highly of sb;

force sb to do; offer to do; refuse to do; agree to do;

regret doing;

prefer to do A rather than do B; had better do;

would rather (not) do.

六、事情过程

have the habit of doing…; have no trouble doing;

make up one’s mind to do;

prepare sb for…; give up doing…; do sth as usual;

do what he wants us to do; set about doing;

try one’s best to do…=go all out to do;

get into trouble; help sb out; do one’s bit for New China;

wait for sb to do; find a way to do; make friends with sb;

show (tell) sb. how to do…; take (send) sb to…;

I’m trying to find…;

I’m afraid we are out of…;

pass the time doing; feel a little excited about doing…;

can’t help doing…; do some good deeds to people;

be prepared for more hard work;

Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.

七、感观活动与思维活动

look around for…; look up (down) at…; catch sight of…;

take a look at…; hear sb do (doing); take notice of…;

take view of…; have a good understanding of…;

consider sb (sth) to be…; come to know…;

realize that…; know that +从句

八、情感与欲望

be pleased with…; be delighted in doing…;

take a pleasure in doing; be worried about;

feel surprised at…

be sorry for…; be angry with sb for sth;

be angry about…(为某事生气);

look forward to doing…; wish to do; expect to do;

long for (long to do); be sick for one’s home;

have a strong desire to do…;

九、健康状况及治疗

be in good shape; be in good (poor )health;

feel weak (well, terrible, sick); have got a high (slight ) fever;

have a slight (bad) cold; take one’s temperature;

have got a pain in…; be good (bad) for one’s health(eyes);

It’s nothing serious. stay in bed until…; save one’s life

十、其它

It (take)sb. some time to do…; It is said that…;

be fit for; be short of; be well dressed;

miss the lecture (train); change…into…;

waste time doing; spend time doing; be busy doing;

have no choice but to do; I can’t help it. be in need of…;

be mistaken about…; fall behind…; catch up with;

on behalf of; instead of; be welcome to do…;

Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer.

Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports.

十一、信件开头常用语

You letter came to me this morning.

I have received your letter of July the 20th.

I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.

I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.

How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last.

Thank you for your letter.

In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year)…;

Let me tell you that…

十二、信件结尾常用语

Please remember me to your whole family.

Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother.

Best wishes.

With love.

Wish you a pleasant journey.

Wish you success. Wish you the best of health. (luck)

Looking forward to your next visit to China.

Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.

Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.

十三、问路和应答

Go down this street

Turn night/left at the first crossing

It’s about…meters from here

You can’t miss it

In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in)

Pass two blocks

“游客纷至沓来”这句话，很多学生不能用英语写出“纷至沓来”这个成语，但是可以用以下几种表达方式：

⑴A large number of visitors come here

⑵There are lots of visitors coming here every day

⑶Many people visit here every day

⑷A lot of people pay a visit here every day

十四、多使用过渡性词语使句子连贯

表列举：for example、for instance、that is to say

表补充：besides、in addition、moreover

表对比：on the one hand…on the other hand、in spite of

表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to

表结果：therefore、thus、as a result、so

表结论：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up

表转折：however、nevertheless、yet

十五、段首句

1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.

2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.

3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today， ____， which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First， ____ Second，____. What makes things worse is that______.

4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)

……。

Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______.

5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……

People‘s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them，_____.

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but why?

十六、中间段落句

1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。

On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.

2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.

3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。

首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……

______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. First，______.Whats more， _____.Most important of all，______.

4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。

There are several measures for us to adopt. First， we can______

5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，

Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another，______

6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。

It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.

7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……

Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this， the main cause of ______due to ______.

8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。

However， just like everything has both its good and bad sides， ______also has its own disadvantages， such as ______.

9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless， I believe that ______is more advantageous.

10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：

I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.

一、审题的“精确性”

在上篇中，笔者已经介绍了部分考题中的“绝对性”的应对措施，而根据专家对于过去2年独立写作考题的分析，发现有90%以上的题目属于“支持/反对”型：

2011.01.30

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Because the change of the society is so rapidly, people are less happy or less satisfied with their life than people did in the past time.

而剩下的则是由“对比论述型”构成的：

2011.03.13

Some people think children should spend most of their time in studying and playing while others think they should help their parents with the household chores. What’s your opinion?

在审题时，考生必须首先把题目通读1-3遍，彻底把握题目主旨后，方可进行段落布局。在这里，笔者结合自己的经验给考生们一些建议：首先，判断题目是否包含“绝对”含义的词，若有，则按照上篇讲过的建议布局，若没有，则对于同意或者反对的理由进行快速的brain storming, 然后根据分论点的数量及论点的可延展性来敲定立场：

Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Disagree:

1) Endangered animals are valuable because of their limited quantities

2) Environment balance

3) Endangered animals sometimes stand for the country, so they are more valuable than farmlands

Agree:

1) life quality is the top priority

2) endangered animals can be raised in the zoos

经过一番考量，假如考生得出了上述的一些分论点及想法，这时候，主体段的布局基本就可以敲定大方向了。第一种就是完全反对题目的说法，采用五段式结构布局，每个主体段论证上述三个分论点中的一个;第二种也是反对题目的说法，采用五段式结构布局，但是前2个主体段从三个分论点中选二个去论证，而第三个主体段从“同意”的二个分论点里去选一个，最后的结论还是倾向于反对的。第三种是采用四段式结构布局，即第一个主体段从三个反对意见中选择二到三个分论点去写，而第二个主体段则从赞同的分论点里去选择，数量上比前一段少一个即可，最后结论还是倾向于反对多一点。这样说是不是有些同学看了会有点“晕”呢?那下面笔者就再举个简单点的例子吧：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.

Disagree:

1) Most people are common, so they want to know something about famous ones

2) Famous people stand for some fashion

3) Constrain the public figures

4) Celebrities can improve the national cohesion and unity

又经过了几分钟思考，我们得出了上述的四个分论点，但是一时半会赞同的理由实在是想不出。若考试的时候遇到这种情况，千万别犹豫不决，马上从已经想好的观点里面进行挑选。于是，这个题目我们就采用完全反对的立场，以五段式结构布局全文，主体段的分论点从上述四点中挑选三个展开论述即可。这样一来，大家是不是明白一点了呢?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Agree: Parents make decision for children.

1) Parents have more experience

2) 15-18 years old children are not adults, so they cant take responsibility

还有一种情况就是我们只能想出两个分论点，这时候考生应该果断采用四段式布局，而这一次，两个主体段都分别论述一个同意的理由，而在结尾时，可以顺便提一些反对的理由，这样也不失为一种灵活的方法，希望考生们可以借鉴。

二、分论点的排列原则

专家提醒考生们，在布局的时候我们不是随意编排分论点的先后顺序，而是需要有一定的逻辑性和合理性。一般说来，五段式的三个主体段，若都是同意或者都是反对的理由的话，一般这些分论点有两种逻辑顺序，即第一种按照“重要性”来排，将你认为最主要的理由放在第一个主体段中详细论证;第二种是按照“小到大”的原则，即个人方面的理由先写，然后再是家庭，公司，最后再是社会，国家等。倘若所有的论点都是在一个范围内的，比如都是属于个人的论点，则这个时候要看这些分论点后续的论证内容的多少，比如某一个分论点你既举得出例子，又可以进行对比或者因果论述的话那肯定应该先写这个分论点，若某一个分论点后续能够阐述的理由只有一句话的时候那就应该果断地将其排在后面写。若文章是四段式的结构，则在一个主体段中的排列顺序和前面讲的原则是一致的。

第一次作文训练

训练内容：

合理交代记叙的要素

训练目标：

1、全面掌握记叙的六个要素

2、学会交代记叙要素的基本方法

3、初步学会写人记事的方法

训练重点：

1、 全面掌握记叙的六个要素

2、 初步学会写人记事的方法

训练难点：

怎样掌握写人记事的方法

训练时数：三课时

第一课时

教学内容：

作文指导

教学步骤：

一、知识讲解：

(一)什么是记叙的要素

记叙文就是以记叙为主要表达方式的记人叙事的文章。一篇完整的记叙文一般应包括时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果这“六要素”。

那么为何称之为“要素”?

我们知道，记叙文主要是记人叙事的，这“人”和“事”自然包括在要素中，而这“人”和“事”又必须是特定时间、特定地点的“人”和“事”。如英雄刘胡兰是革命战争年代在山西从事革命工作的女共产党员;铁人王进喜是新中国成立不久奋战在大庆油田的劳模。没有时间、地点，也就无法记人与叙事。很显然，时间、地点是记叙文不可缺少的要素。要写人必定要写事，让人物在事件中凸现，在事件中丰满;写事件就必须交待清楚事件发生的原因和结果，没有原因和结果，人们就不知道它的来龙去脉，也就不是一篇完整的记叙文，显然，原因与结果也是记叙的要素。

(二)怎样合理地交待时间与地点

交待时间与地点，大致有以下几种方式：

1.开头交待。

这是人们叙述时时常采用的方法。例如，《竞选》的开头：

五月的天气有点阴。

龟峰乡石坳村的村民选举即将开始，321位选民端坐在会场上。

开头把竞选的时间、地点交待清楚了，为下面叙述竟选场面作了必要的交待。

2.连续交待。

有的记叙文，因事件的发生、发展时间跨度大，地点在不断转移，需要连续交待。如《驿路梨花》中的几处交待：

(1)一弯新月升起来了，我们借助淡淡的月光，在忽明忽暗的梨花林里走着。山间的夜风吹得人脸上凉凉的，梨花的白色花瓣轻轻飘落在我们身上。

(2)第二天早上，我们没有立即上路。老人也没有离开，我们决定把小茅屋修葺一下，给屋顶加点草，把房前屋后的排水沟再挖深一些。

(3)接着，小姑娘向我们讲述了房子的来历。十多年前，有一队解放军路过这里，在树林里过夜，半夜淋了大雨。他们说，这里要有一间给过路人避风雨的小屋就好了，第二天早晨就砍树割草盖起了房子。

(1)段交待的时间是夜晚，地点是梨树林;(2)段交待的时间是第二天早上，地点是(梨树林)茅屋旁;(3)段是补充交待，时间是十多年前，地点是树林。这样连续交待，所叙述的事情就显得脉络分明。

3.间接交待。

对于时间和地点的表示，不一定直接写某年某月某日，某省某市某区，如“桃花开了”“枫叶红了”“天空出现鱼肚白”“几颗寒星还在泛着冷光”，它们分别间接表示“春天”“秋天”“早晨”“夜晚”等时间概念，还有如“雪域高原”“春城”“板栗之乡”，分别间接表达了“西藏”“昆明”“罗田”等地点概念。

(三)怎样合理交待人物与事件

1.人物的正面描写与侧面描写。

(1)正面描写。外貌(肖像)、行动、语言、心理描写属正面描写。

A外貌描写。《背影》为例。