大学英语写作常用句型(通用20篇)

导语：当夜幕降临，我站在台阶上倾听；星星蜂拥在花园里，而我站在黑暗中。听，星星颗颗落地作响！满地都是那美丽的碎片。以下是小编整理我梦想的大学英语作文的资料，欢迎阅读参考。

The building there is a beautiful one. Aerial garden ” Looking over the horizon, buildings rise up, white and white houses, hidden in the green trees. A neat and elegant villa, surrounded by mountains and rivers. The house was surrounded by flowers and trees. It is also an environmentally friendly home. The emissions of cars in this home are not carbon dioxide, but oxygen. People never use disposable lunch boxes, chopsticks, which protect nature and the environment. Abandoned things have been reused and turned into treasure. And every house we have here is built with what people dont need, beautiful and environmentally friendly. On the main street, all kinds of environment-friendly cars flow, the road is spotless. To see trash can, is no longer ago that stink, shabby iron bucket, it is a beautiful and lovely robot dog, it can classify the trash, then cant recycle waste into usable energy.

The garden is like a fairyland, you step near the garden little stone road, see a cloud float, you step on the white cloud as it floats in the garden. The sky was also blue, and the water was clear, and the grass was very green, and the people of the mountain were particularly close. There is a delicate pavilion in the garden; It has the symbol of rural scenery. Throughout the heights &; ; There are the lake in the west lake in the autumn moon, lei fengs New Year photo, there is a replica of the scenic spot of suzhou lion forest; There are imitations of ancient poets and painters, such as penglai yaotai and wuling spring colors. Every garden there is as beautiful as the old Summer Palace.

On the highway there, cars of no pollution sped by. Along the road, countless trees rushed into the sky. People have done it. Artificial fog bottle ” Hang it on the tree, turn on the switch, and the mist swirl and white. If someone is trying to cut a tree, it will blow out a fog that the human eye cant see, and stop people from cutting trees.

The scenery is beautiful. In the vast boundless desert, at the age of beautiful, auspicious light, gurgling streams, niaoyuhuaxiang, it away from the noise of the secular, close to the peace of the kingdom, get rid of the sand, earth toward wonderland is quiet and tastefully laid out, this is a arcadia, is the leading edge of Buddha soil, is bordering area of the heaven and earth.

Oasis existing residents more than 50 people, harmonious, felt, respectively from mainland China, Taiwan, Canada, the United States, Germany, New Zealand and Africa, Zimbabwe, their nature, honest, kind and gentle, versatile, intelligent and wise, womens gentle, YiYun elegant, beautiful man more handsome and resolute, the bone immortal wind, among them through the flowers all day, walking in the mountains, bathing Yu Zixia, game in laughter. Indifferent, selfish, jealous, resentful and insulate; Lively, mutual love, tolerance, diligence is their temperament. The world is better than one. There is no constitution, no law, no responsibility, no obligation, no President, no Pope, no wizard, all natural harmony.

It was so beautiful, so beautiful. That is the green home of my dream.

那里的楼房是一个美丽的“空中花园”，放眼望去，一栋栋高楼拔地而起，粉白相间的房，掩映在层层的绿树中。整齐优雅的别墅，依山傍水。房屋四周，花团锦簇，绿草如茵。这也是一个环保的家园。在这个家园里所行驶的汽车排放的气体不是二氧化碳，而是氧气。人们从不用一次性饭盒、筷子，即保护了大自然，也保护了环境。废弃的东西都被人们重新利用起来，变废为宝。还有我们这里的每一座房子，也是用人们不需要的东西搭建起来的，美观而又环保。而大街上，各种环保节能的轿车川流不息，路面竟也一尘不染。再看垃圾桶，不再是以前那种臭气冲天、破烂不堪的铁皮桶，而是一只漂亮可爱的大机器狗，它能把垃圾分门别类，然后把不能回收的垃圾转化成可利用的能量。

那里的花园如仙境一般，你一踏近花园小石子路，只见一朵祥云飘来，你踏上白云随这它在花园飘来飘去。天格也外的蓝，水格也外的清，草也格外的绿，长山的人格外的亲。花园中有晶巧玲珑的楼阁亭台；有象征农村景色的“山庄”；有杭州西湖的平湖秋月、雷峰夕照，有仿照苏州狮子林的风景名胜；有仿照古代诗人、画家的诗情画意建造的，如蓬莱瑶台、武陵春色。那里的每个花园都跟以前的圆明园一样美丽。

那里公路上，一辆辆无污染汽车飞驰而过。公路边，无数的树木冲入云霄。人们做出了“人造雾瓶”，把它挂在树上，打开开关，顿时雾气缭绕，一片白茫茫。如果有人要砍树人造雾瓶就会喷出一种人眼无法看清的雾，制止人乱砍树。

哪里的风景也很美。在茫茫无际的荒漠洲，终年风和日丽，祥光笼罩，溪流淙淙，鸟语花香，它远离世俗的喧嚣，接近天国的安详，摆脱了尘世的风沙，趋向仙境的幽雅，这里是一处世外桃源，是佛土的前沿地带，是天堂和人间的接壤区域。

绿洲现有居民50多人，和谐友爱，亲如一家，分别来自中国大陆、台湾、加拿大、美国、德国、新西兰和非洲津巴布韦，他们天性淳朴，善良敦厚，多才多艺，聪颖睿智，女子多温柔美丽、逸韵优雅，男子多英俊刚毅、道骨仙风，他们整天穿梭于鲜花丛中，徜徉在青山绿水，沐浴于紫霞映照，游戏在欢声笑语。冷漠、自私、嫉妒、愤恨与他们绝缘；活泼、互爱、宽容、勤奋是他们的禀性。尘世千年好，不如禅院一日仙。那里没宪法、没有法律、没有责任、没有义务、没有总统、没有教皇、没有法师，一切自然和谐，顺理成章。

那的一切那么美好，那么美丽。那里就是我心中梦想的环保家园。

"I like honest men of all colors."我喜欢所有诚实的人。

"I start out by believing the worst."我凡事先做好最坏的打算。

"It requires more courage to suffer than to die."茍活比牺牲需要更多的勇气。 。

"I have made all the calculations; fate will do the rest."我已做了所有的打算，其余就交给上帝了。

"Our hour is marked, and no one can claim a moment of life beyond what fate has predestined."生死有命，没有人能要求多活一秒钟。

"If I had not been born Napoleon, I would have liked to have been born Alexander."如果今天我不是拿破仑的话，我想成为亚历山大。

"The great proof of madness is the disproportion of ones designs to ones means."一个人的计划与实践存在太大的落差即是疯狂的表现。

"The stupid speak of the past, the wise of the present, and fools of the future."聪明的人谈现在，愚蠢的人谈过去，傻子才谈未来。

"We must laugh at man to avoid crying for him. "与其后来替一个人婉惜，不如先嘲笑他算了。

"When you set out to take Vienna, take Vienna."一旦你着手要攻下维也纳，就把她拿下吧﹗

"What I did is immense. What I had decided to do, and what I had projected werestill more so"我所做的是大事业，而我当初的决定与计划亦是如此。

"The word impossible is not in my dictionary."在我的字典里找不到「不可能」这个字。

"I wished to found a European system, a European Code of Laws, a European judiciary; there would be but one people in Europe."我想建立一个整合的欧洲体系，包含了法律，法庭，与人种。

"The French complain of everything, and always."法国人终其一生都在抱怨所有的事。

"He who fears being conquered is sure of defeat."害怕被征服的人，注定要失败。

"Victory belongs to the most persevering."坚持必将成功。

"Adversity is the midwife of genius." 逆境造就天才。

"Circumstances? I make circumstances!" 英雄造时势。

"Men take only their needs into consideration, never their abilities."人们常只想到自己的需要，而没考虑自己的能力。

"Men are moved by only two levers: fear and self interest."恐惧和兴趣能激励人。

导语：When there is no hope there can be no endeavour.下面是yuwenmi小编为还在备考的同学整理的优秀英语素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Actions speak louder than words.

事实胜於雄辩。

Adversity leads to prosperity.

逆境迎向昌盛。

A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.

吃一堑，长一智。

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

患难朋友才是真朋友。

A friend is a second self.

朋友是另一个我。

A friend is best found in adversity.

患难见真友。

All time is no time when it is past.

光阴一去不复返。

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy; all play and no work makes Jack a mere boy.

只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子要变傻;尽玩耍，不学习，聪明孩子没出息。

A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.

远亲不如近邻。

An idle youth, a needy age.

少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

Business before pleasure.

事业在先，享乐在後。

Diligence is near success.

勤奋近乎成功。

Diligence is the mother of good luck.

刻苦是成功之母。

Diligence is the mother of success.

勤奋是成功之母。

Education has for its object the formation of character.

教育的目的在於培养品德。

Every brave man is a man of his word.

勇敢的人都是信守诺言的人。

Every man is the architect of his own fortune.

每个人都是他自己命运的建诛师。

Every man is the master of his own fortune.

每个人都是他自己的命运的主宰。

Failure is the mother of success.

失败是成功之母。

Faith will move mountains.

精诚所至，金石为开。

Friendship ---- one soul in two bodies.

友谊是两人一条心。

Grasp all, lose all.

贪多必失。

He alone is poor who does not possess knowledge.

没有知识，才是贫穷。

Health is above wealth.

健康胜於财富。

Health is better than wealth.

健康胜於财富。

He who does not advance falls backward.

不进则退。

Honesty is the best policy.

诚实是上策。

Hope is life and life is hope.

希望才有人生，人生要有希望。

Idle young, needy old.

少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

If you dont aim high you will never hit high.

不立大志，难攀高峰。

I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort.

成功之道唯三点∶努力、努力、再努力。

Improve your time and your time will improve you.

珍惜时间，时间才会珍惜你。

In doing we learn.

行而知。

Industry if fortunes right hand, and frugality her left.

勤勉是幸福的右手，节俭是幸福的左手。

In lifes earnest battle they only prevail, who daily march onward and never say fail.

在人生的搏斗中，只有日日前进不甘失败的人，才能获胜。

It is dogged does it.

天下无难事，只怕有心人。

Judge not according to the appearance.

不要以貌取人。

Labour is often the father of pleasure.

勤劳常为快乐之源。

Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

Like tree, like fruit.

有其因必有其果。

Manners make the man.

礼貌造就人。

Never neglect an opportunity for improvement.

抓住大好时机，切莫等闲错过。

Never too old to learn.

学到老，学不了。

No great loss without some small gain.

塞翁失马，安知非福。

No one can call back yesterday.

往日不复返。

No sooner said than done.

言而必行。

No sweet without some sweat.

不劳则无获。

Nothing is difficult to a man who wills.

世上无难事，只怕有心人。

Nothing is impossible to willing mind .

有志者事竟成。

Nothing is impossible to the man who will try.

天下无难事，只怕不努力。

Nothing is really beautiful but truth.

只有真理才是真美。

No time like the present.

只争朝夕。

One cannot put back the clock.

光阴一去不复返。

Overdone is worse than undone.

过犹不及。

Paddle your own canoe.

自立更生，自食其力。

Perseverance is vital to success.

不屈不挠是成功之本。

Second thoughts are best.

三思而行，再思可也。

Selt-trust is the essence of heroism.

自信是英雄的本色。

Self-trust is the first secret of success.

自信是成功的首要秘诀。

Success belongs to the persevering.

坚持到底必获胜利。坚持就是胜利。

Success grows out of struggles to overcome difficulties.

成功来自於克服困难的斗争。

The first element of success is the determination to succeed.

成功的首要因素是要有成功的决心。

The more a man knows, the less he knows he knows.

懂得越多，就越知道自己懂得不多。

Union is strength.

团结就是力量。

Virtue is a jewel of great price.

美德是无价之宝。

Waste of time is the most extravagant and costly of all expenses.

浪费时间是一切花费中最奢侈豪华的费用。

When there is no hope there can be no endeavour.

没有希望就不会努力。

Without a friend the world is a wilderness.

没有朋友，世界就等於一片荒野。

You cannot judge a tree by its bark.

人不可貌相。

下面是语文迷小编为大家整理提供的英语写作技巧以及关联词，供大家阅读参考。

英语写作技巧之一：用介词短语替代从句，例：

原句：While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.

修改后：During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.

原句：When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.

修改后：At the second traffic light turn left.

英语写作技巧之二：删除诸如"who is”或"that is"之类的关系代词，变从句为短语，例：

句：The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.

修改后：The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.

注：把句中的"three parts"改用形容词来表达，节省了四个不必要的单词"which is written in"。我们经常可以将关系代词如"that"去掉，这只会引起最少的变动。

英语写作技巧之三：剔除你不需要的单词，例：

Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call.

写完这样的句子后，你自己再读一遍，挑出单词"joint"和"telephone"，注意删去不必要的词。

关联词的积累

1.提出观点不要只用I think，要学会用：

As far as I am concerned

In my opinion

From my point of view

From my perspective

The way I see it

2.转折不要只用but， 要多用：

However,

nevertheless, nonetheless,

Whereas

Some people like fat meat, whereas other people hate it.

转折也可用比喻：as a coin has two sides(就象硬币有两面一样), …(陈述转折内容)

3.表递进的：

In addition, in addition to, additionally,

what is more, moreover, furthermore,

more importantly，

what is worse (更槽糕的是)

4.表示“事实上”：

In fact,

as a matter of fact,

actually

5.表总结：

in conclusion, as a result,

all in all 总而言之

In short,

In a word, 一句话讲

Taking into consideration,

Taking into account all the factors that I have mentioned above, it is safe to draw a conclusion that …

6.表示因此：

Consequently,

Hence,

Therefore,

Thus,

as a result,

resultingly

7.表因为：

because of

due to,

owing to,

thanks to,

as a result of,

8.虽然

Although, even though, even if, though

Proud as these nobles are, …

As flattered as I am, I would say no.

In spite of, despite

I love you in spite of that.

9.比较：

In comparison with,

compared to,

compared with

She’s nothing compared to you.

10.表最后：

Finally,

eventually,

in the end,

at last,

ultimately,

11.表示程度的副词词组亦非常重要，会使文章看起来比较成熟、辨证：

To some extent 在某种程度上讲

To some degree 在某种程度上讲

To a large part 在很大程度上说

In a sense 在某种意义上讲

In general, generally 大体上说

Generally speaking 一般地讲

In some cases 在有些情况下

Basically 基本上

Broadly speaking 宽泛地讲

12.其他(要尽可能多用在文章中。始终牢记内容次要，而语言形式第一位。内容服务于形式)：

Not only, but also

Neither nor, either or

Instead of, instead

For example, for instance (替换使用), take … for example

Be likely to

Be able to

Speaking of, when it comes to …

When it comes to food, he is really picky.

In terms of 根据

First of all, second of all

Above all,

Significantly,

The more, the more

一.开头用语：

良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。

1.议论论文：

A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.

B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.

C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,...

D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.

E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.

F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.

2. 书信：

A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.

B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...

C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.

E. How nice to hear from you again.

3. 口头通知或介绍情况：

A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make.

B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.

C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.

4. 演讲稿：

A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health.

B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest.

二.并列用语：

as well as, not only…but (also), including,

A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.

B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.

C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French.

D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.

三.对比用语：

on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless

A. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.

B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though.

C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.

四. 递进用语：

even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse

A. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.

五. 例证用语：

in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely

A. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.

B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.

六. 时序用语：

first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time

in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,

A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let’s have coffee.

B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.

七. 强调用语：

especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all ,

A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.

B What in the world/on earth are you doing?

八. 因果用语：

thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to...

A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.

B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations.

九. 总结用语：

in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all

A. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.

B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.

常用句型

(一)段首句

1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to……Some people suggest that ……

2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying……Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.

3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today, …… which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ……Second,……What makes things worse is that…….

4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。

Nowadays，it is common to ……. Many people like …… because …… Besides，……

5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and …… is not an exception，it has both advantages

and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……

People’s opinions about …… vary from person to person. Some people say that ……To them,……

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem …… which is becoming more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。

……has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

……has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that……while. Obviously，……but why?

(二)中间段落句

1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。

On the contrary，there are some people in favor of……t the same time，they say……

2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I dont think it is a very good way to solve …….For example，……Worst of all，…….

3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……

……is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. First，……Whats more, ……Most important of all,……

4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。

There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can……

5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，

Confronted with……we should take a series of effective measures to…….

For one thing，For another，

6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。

It is high time that something was done about it. For example. ……In addition.……All these measures will certainly…….

7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……

Why…… The first reason is that ……The second reason is ……The third is…….For all this, the main cause of ……use to …….

8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。

However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ……also has its own disadvantages, such as ……

9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ……is more advantageous.

10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：

I fully agree with the statement that ……because…….

(三)结尾句

1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ……

2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……Only in this way can ……in the future.

3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)……

But ……and……have heir own advantages. For example, …… while……

Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to……

4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……

Personally, I believe that…… Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because……

5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。

With the development of society, ……So its urgent and necessary to ……If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.

6. 至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……

For my part, I think it reasonable to…… Only in this way can you……

7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……; 第二，……;最后……但同样重要的是……

In my opinion, I think it necessary to……The reasons are as follows. First ……second …… Last but not least,……

8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。

It is difficult to say whether ……is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of…….however, from a personal point of view find……

9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……

From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that……

10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……

If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is

常用句型：

开头：

When it comes to ..., some think ...

There is a public debate today that ...

A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one?

Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus.

提出观点：

Now there is a growing awareness that...

It is time we explore the truth of ...

Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.

进一步提出观点：

... but that is only part of the history.

Another equally important aspect is ...

A is but one of the many effects. Another is ... Besides, other reasons are...

提出假想例子的方式：

Suppose that...

Just imagine what would be like if...

It is reasonable to expect...

It is not surprising that...

举普通例子：

For example(instance),...

... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth)

A good case in point is...

A particular example for this is...

引用：

One of the greatest early writers said ...

"Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ...

"......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).

"......". How often we hear such words like there.

讲故事

(先说故事主体)，this story is not rare.

..., such delimma we often meet in daily life.

..., the story still has a realistic significance.

提出原因：

There are many reasons for ...

Why .... , for one thing,...

The answer to this problem involves many factors.

Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...

The first reason can be obiviously seen.

Most people would agree that...

Some people may neglect that in fact ...

Others suggest that...

Part of the explanation is ...

进行对比：

The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...

Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...

Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.

A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that...

承上启下：

To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see...

A study of ... will make this point clear

让步：

Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...

I do not deny that A has its own merits.

结尾：

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw

the conclusion that ...

In summary, it is wiser ...

In short...

自主招生又称自主选拔，是高校选拔录取工作改革的重要环节。一般通过考试后招生学校会与其签订招生考试合同，签订合同后，一般可享受降低10分至几十分录取的优惠政策。你是如何看待这一策略的呢?

Theres a heated discussion that universities should or should not independent recruitment of students test.

Some of my school students think that independent recruitment is right.Firstly,it can relieve the universities because it can save many procedures.Secondly,its the universities own right to do it.Because these universities can choose the students they like.

The rest of my schoolmates dont agree the independent recruitment of students test.First of all,it abandons the cultural advantage of our country and isnt good to spread our culture.Because the traditional recruitment method has its own benefit to the country and students.If we give up this way,we have to find an unknown way,which may sacrifice many students interest.Furthermore,it can mislead the basic education method.Because if most of universities recruit independently,many courses will be ignored.

I dont agree with the independent recruitment of students test.I think we should insist the successful and continuous recruitment methods because it proves to be true.

The university is full of talent, learning, and a small stage and small society full of competition and challenge. Every one of us plays a different role on this stage, so why dont we try to play the best part of our role! As a college student, we are eager to positive rather than blind impulse, bold and not wantonly recklessly, dare to think and not utopian, but not like you think of?? let us grasp the youth, to exercise their own here! Leave your hard figure in the activities of the organization, show your most beautiful style in the community activities, and dedicate one of your strengths to volunteering. Here you get not only a kind of knowledge, but also the most valuable wealth of life. When we were young, in their prime, pointing Jiangshan jiyangwenzi. Let the flower of life give birth to the color of youth, and let the youth glow because of vitality. The university campus, not do not, only unexpected, let us give full play to our talents! There are few human beings, and the university is the most treasured. Lets not let the youth idle away, and load a little gain in every days life, so that a confident smile will float on your face, and I believe firmly that there will be rewards for giving and passionate excitement.

The university is the halls of every one of us. In order to come to this hall, we have experienced the wind and rain. Now that we have stepped into this threshold, let us sprinkle our personality in the hall of this dream.

The university is not a fantasy, not a dream, not a delusion, but a great ideal. As long as we fight for it, fight for it. One day we will return! You will hear the maple leaf flow boat at that time, you will see the Chrysopsis laughing, you can smell the fruit fragrance, for you to the harvest season!

When I wrote this article, I was a student of * * * University. When I was about to enter school, I stood at the beginning of the University, and looked forward to the four years study and life of University. I hope my university can be full and meaningful as expected. Freshman: lay down the foundation. The idea of "want me to learn" is "I want to learn" to learn basic courses well on the ground, especially English and computer. In the big plan, we should make a small plan, keep in mind the English words and practice the spoken English every day, and learn it unswervingly from the beginning of the year. According to the actual situation, consider whether to take a double degree or minor major in second major, and prepare for the information as soon as possible. Freshmens learning tasks are relatively relaxed. They can participate in community activities appropriately, take certain positions, improve their organizational skills and communication skills, and train soldiers for graduation job interviews.

1 写

写作写作，第一步首先是写!可以拿考题多加练习。

2 仔细对比

第二个就是仔细对比，写完后对照范文从三个方面去研究：第一个是内容，也就是构思和原文有何区别;第二个是语言，也就是用词、用句和原文有何区别?第三个是结构，就是你的行文思路和原文有什么区别?写作的区别其实就是写作的弱点。

3 背诵

第三步骤就是背诵：也就是可以去背诵一些范文。有的同学说了，范文我背过了，但是写作的时候还是不会写。有两个原因，第一个原因是你背得不熟，背得结结巴巴，还不如不背;第二个原因是没有练过，只是死记硬背。背到什么程度，我们讲，有12个字“滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善。”要背到不需要去想，不需要去动脑子!如果背一篇文章还需要去想，那就证明还背得不熟。大家上考场，如果能想起平时的70%，那已经是相当不错了。所以一定要背熟，这就是第三个步骤。

4 默写

第四个步骤就是默写：背熟后把书合上，把这篇文章默写下来。默写后，做一个工作：仔细对比原文发现写作弱点，你会发现你默写的文章和原文会有一些出入。包括拼写、语法、标点，这种错误就是你写作的弱点，把这些错误用红笔标出来。大家为什么写作拿不到高分，根源只有一个——错误太多。很多错误自己都不知道。

5 仿写

第五个步骤就是仿写：什么叫仿写?就是模仿你背过的文章再写出一篇新文章。在背完一篇文章后，要想想这篇文章有什么精彩的词组、词汇和句型可以使用。然后换一个话题，把这篇作文用一下，用里面词汇、词组和句型去构思另一篇文章。

There is a famous saying goes like that “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.” This saying shows the relationship between knowledge and practice vividly.

As far as we know, if we don’t have corresponding knowledge of some fields, we cannot do well in the fields. There are innumerable examples to illustrate this point. For instance, a singer can sing well only if he or she possesses musical knowledge; a dancer can dance well only if he or she knows how to dance; a worker can get the job well-done only if he or she is familiar with the basic principles of the job, and so on. But in turn, if we do not apply what we have known to practice, knowledge cannot play its role. For example, if we have learned different methods of cooking vegetables, but we do not cook, then the different methods of cooking vegetables do not produce value for us.

Therefore, if we do not have knowledge, we have nothing to practice, but if we have knowledge without putting it into practice, knowledge is of no avail. So we should acquire as much knowledge and put it into practice.

At the end of the summer vacation, I cant help feeling excited and curious. How many times I have dreamed that my university life will be meaningful and beautiful.

At the beginning of university life, I think study and exercise are the most important thing. So I must improve my spoken English and written ability. Besides, I will make more friends and participate in other activities. Fortunately, I took part in two departments successfully. What a happy new for me! In my opinion, importantly, these departments can promote my comprehension and communication ability. At the same time, I will get many chances to exercise in new school life. It will make my life become more and more colorful.

After I entered the new university for two months, I adapt the new environment and meet many classmates and teachers. I feel happy when I made friends with them who can bring me more happiness and challenging.

There are many different aspects between high school and university. Firstly, I think independence is an ability for oneself in the university, but it is not in the high school. You must do everything by yourself. Secondly,we will have a lot of spare time,and we can do many things in this time. For example,we can read in our school library,we can play basketball or football in the stadium, we can have a rest in your dormitory and so on. Thirdly, you will have many activities and you can participate in it. At the same time,you have many chances to exercise your ability,study how can we do it better and promote our team spirit. Compared with high school life, I think my university life will be better and more interesting than high school.

一、充分准备，打好基础。

为了提高初一英语作文写作水平，平时应加强阅读，多背诵一些句形、段落甚至短文。俗话说：读书破万卷，下笔如有神，只有多读，多记，多背诵，才能出口成章，下笔成文。此外，写好初一英语作文还要掌握一些应用文体的写作方法，如书信、日记、通知等，它们大多有固定的格式。

二、认真审题，明确要求

在写初一英语作文的时候仔细看清写作要求和提示，分清材料的主次，接着确定体裁、格式和人物、地点等要素；最后确定时态，同时考虑相关的语态搭配用法。 三、遣词造句、表达规范

初一英语作文用词要恰当，不可逐句把提示翻译成英语。写作时，应尽量选用你最熟悉、最有把握的词和句型来表达思想。如果有些单词不会些，有些句型不会表达，可以设法绕开，用熟悉的同义词、同义短语或同义句来代替。要学会善于运用适当的关联词，如and, or, but, so，because, since等，以使初一英语作文行文逻辑紧密，自然流畅。 四、认真撰写，卷面整洁

初一英语考试中也会有初一英语作文题，如果时间允许，书面表达一定要先写草稿。在抄写入答题卷前，要先进行检查修改。首先检查所写内容是否切题；之后检查主题是否明确，表达方式是否恰当；最后检查所用时态、语态、人称是否符合要求，前后是否一致。 中考复习研讨会指导课件，极具价值。 关联词

1.表示并列或递进: and, as well as, both&and, not only&but also, neither&nor;2.表示选择: or, either∨3.表示转折: but, however, although, though, after all, 4.表示因果: because, so, therefore5.表示条件: if , unless6.表示对比: instead, not&but, on the one hand&on the other hand;7.表示解释: for example, for instance, such as, that is to say, in other words;8.表示顺序: to begin with, firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, since then, from then on, finally, in the end;9.表示强调: also, besides, what’s more, actually, in fact, 10.表示结论: all in all, altogether, in a word, generally speaking,

Hello ! I m XX ,I feel I will be fit for the job needed in your company. I’m 22 years old and in good health. After graduation from XXXXa middle school, I have studied IT for many years. I am a better man.Do well in personal responsibility ,I am good at both operating a PC,I like palying basketball.computer and listening to the music.I’m interested in the position .

I want very much to be accepted by your company. I’ll work hard if I can be a member in your company.

一、遣词方面：用词要贴切而丰富，善用短语 ,词汇是语言的建筑材料，文章的好坏，选词很关键，如果用词精湛，就会使文章“亮”起来。

1、措辞要贴切具体

试比较下面句子：

A man is walking down the street.

A man is strolling down the street.

通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人，如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛，我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 generous(大方的，慷慨的)，humorous(幽默的)，smart(漂亮的，潇洒的)，kind-hearted，warm-hearted，hospitable(好客的,招待周到的)，gentle(文雅的)，optimistic(乐观的)，easy-going(随和的)，spirited(英勇的)，cultivated(有教养的)，manly(有男子气概的)，knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。

2、要善于运用短语

短语用得好，会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如：

When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)

When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)

3、要避免汉语思维

用词要符合英语习惯，避免汉语思维的影响，如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成，不能随意打乱其搭配习惯，否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”，英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”，而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功)，gain reputation (获得声誉)，attain ones end (达到目的)等。

二、造句方面：句式要准确而多变，活用复合句

简单句用得太多，会造成文章读起来乏味。在评卷员看来，同样意思的内容，能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达，当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强，评分自然就高。

1、巧用非谓语动词

运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。如：

I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed. (2004广东卷)

2、巧用with复合结构

“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性，使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较：

I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)

I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)

3、巧用复合句

高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会使文章出彩。

如：(定语从句) Whats more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.

4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等

使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。

(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.

(感叹句)I thought，“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”

5、巧用排山倒海句

如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可令文章增色不少，会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如：

The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful，to make the air cleaner and fresher，and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

三、谋篇方面：结构要清晰而流畅，巧用过渡词

众所周知，语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子，而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确，要点齐全，更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此，恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子，是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。

下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助：

(1)Firstly...，secondly...，thirdly...，finally...

(2)In the first place...，in the second place...，in the third place...，lastly...

(3)to begin with...，then...，furthermore...，finally...

(4)to start with...，next...，in addition...，finally...

(5)first and foremost...，besides...，last but not least...

(6)most important of all...，moreover...，finally...

如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组：

(1)On the one hand...，on the other hand...

(2)For one thing..., and for another thing...技巧，希望对大家有帮助

Directions: Write a composition entitled On Online Chatting. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 网上聊天越来越流行; 有人反对它，有人赞同; 我的看法。

范文一： Online Chatting

With the development of IT, online chatting is becoming increasingly popular with many people.

However, people’s opinions about it vary from person to person. Some think that it has more problems than benefits. First, it is a waste of time, energy and money as it doesn’t produce any useful information and products. Second, it is misleading to its users because cyberspace is actually an imaginary space where things are unreal or fictional.

But the advocates of online chatting support it because it is another way of recreation which is both exciting and relaxing. Besides, it helps them release their emotions and worries freely and safely. To them, it is very useful and wonderful.

As far as I am concerned, whether online chatting is good or bad depends on the person who does it.

Control we can use it cientifically and properlyandcurbjits bad effect to the greatest extent. (159 words)

范文二： Online Chatting

With the development of computers, the Internet has made its way into our daily life, Online chatting as a new communicative way has become more and more popular, especially with youngsters. However, like everything else, online chatting has both advantages and disadvantages.

On one hand, people can make friends and air their views freely on line. When they feel frustrated they may talk with a stranger on line rather than with their parents or friends. For they think its easier to talk

with a stranger on line. They can also chat with people from different areas all over the world. When the chat is over, they feel contented and refreshed.

On the one hand, some young people become too addicted to online chatting. They will sit in front of the computer day and night. It is not only a waste of time but also harmful to their health.

In my opinion, online chatting does bring a lot benefits to our life, but we should try to reduce the negative effects to the minimum and make online chatting our valuable assistant.

1.用形容词"very"，"single"等表示强调

eg.You are the very person Im looking for.

你就是我要找的那个人。

Red Army fought a battle on this very spot.

红军就在此地打过一仗。

Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon.

今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室。

2.用反身代词表示强调

e.g.I myself will see her off at the station.

我将亲自到车站为她送行。

You can do it well yourself.

你自己能做好这件事情。

3.用助词"do/does/did+动词原形"表示强调

e.g.The baby is generally healthy，but every now and then she does catch a cold.

那孩子的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。

Do be quiet.I told you I had a headache.

务必安静，我告诉过你，我头疼。

4.用"...and that"，"...and those"，等结构表示强调

e.g.They fulfilled the task，and that in a few days.

他们在几天内完成的就是那项任务。

I gave her some presents，and those the day before yesterday.

前天我送给她的就是那些礼物。

5.用双重否定结构表示强调

e.g.There is no reason why this new immigrant should not have the same success.

完全有理由相信这些新移民应该拥有相同的成功。

A man can never have too many ties.

一个男人有再多的领带也不为过。

I cant thank you too much.

我无论怎样感谢你都不过份。

A mother can never be patient enough with her child.

I am not unfaithful to you.我对你无比忠诚。

6.用短语"in every way"，"in no way"，"by all means"，"by no means"，"only too"，"all too"，"but too"，"in heaven"，"in the world"，"in hell"，"on earth"，"under the sun"等表示强调

e.g.His behaviour was in every way perfect.

他的举止确实无可挑剔。

The news was only too true.

这消息确实是事实。

Where in heaven were you then?

当时你到底在哪里?

7.用倒装句表示强调

8.用强调句型表示强调

It is that或 It is who

e.g.It was the headmaster who opened the door for me.

正是校长为我开的门。

It was yesterday that we carried out that experiment.

就是在昨天我们做了那个实验。

Thanksgiving which falls on the fourth Thursday of November, is one of the

biggest American holidays. This holiday started in the early 1600s after

settlers arrived in America. These people who came from Europe didnt know how

to survive in the wild new country. Luckily, they met some friendly American

Indians, who showed them how to hunt turkeys and grow corn. In the fall, after

the harvest, the settlers had a great feast. They invited the Indians to thank

them for their help. Today the tradition continues. On Thanksgiving Day,

Americans invite their friends over for a turkey dinner and give thanks for what

they have.

下面是语文迷网为大家整理提供的中考英语写作经常用到的句子，希望对你有帮助。

1. According to a recent survey， four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

6. When it comes to education， the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.

许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.

应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However， this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents， who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和**.

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus， which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem： the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact， it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government， which is blind to this point， may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays， many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately， for most young people， it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem， effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held， this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades， advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact， we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now， it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.

现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.

这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part， I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons：

我同意后者，有如下理由：

30. Before giving my opinion， I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

32. Although many people claim that， along with the rapidly economic development， the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

34. In view of such serious situation， environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle， it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

38. From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能靠自己。

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously， they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

43. As for me， Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation， for the following reasons：

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。 45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology， and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

49. For the majority of people， reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style， it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes： it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

52. By taking a major-related part-job， students can not only improve their academic studies， but gain much experience， experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

53. Although people‘s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades， it must be admitted that， shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

54. Consequently， the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

55. From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job， which will benefit students and their family， even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

56. These days， people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that， along with the development of modern society， it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society， which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

58. At the same time， along with the benefits of such machines， employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

60. In the second place， there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。

62. According to a recent survey， a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.

根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。

63. From what has been discussed above， I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society， it is not necessary a bad thing.

通过以上讨论，我完全相信，随着现代社会的进步，幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。

64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.

近些年，国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。

65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.

许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用，应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。

66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.

但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。

67. As for me， Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited， for the following reasons：

就我而言，我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制，理由如下：

68. In addition， in order to attract tourists， a lot of artificial facilities have been built， which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.

另外，为了吸引旅游者，大量人工设施被修建，这对环境是不利的。

69. For lack of distinct culture， some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently， the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.

由于缺乏独特的文化，一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此，国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。

70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.

近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。

71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.

这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。

72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies， they maintain， their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge， which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.

许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。

73. In the first place， extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that， it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.

首先，额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出，孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后，从事一些体育活动，而不是额外的学习，是非常重要的。

74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.

孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。

75. In the second place， from psychological aspect， the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.

第二，从心理上讲，大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。

76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.

当别的孩子在玩耍的时候，很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。

77. Moreover， children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies， consequently， it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.

而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

78. From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw the conclusion that， although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages， its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：尽管额外学习的确有很多优点，但它的缺点不可忽视，且远大于它的优点。因此，放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。

79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.

现在，父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。

81. Parents are firmly convinced that， to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.

父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。

82. However， this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts， who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.

然而，这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑，他们指出，孩子总是呆在家里，和父母在一起，是不健康的。

83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children， it must be admitted that， parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children， when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.

尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力，但是必须承认，与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比，他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。

84. From what has been discussed above， we may safely draw a conclusion that， although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable， its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的，但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。

85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools， which will bring about profound impacts on children and families， and even the society as a whole.

应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园，这将对孩子，家庭，甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。

86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks， the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing， they maintain， is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.

只要一提起艺术和文化项目，一些政府领导就会兴奋不已，他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园，城市中心漂亮的雕塑，还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中，没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。

87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact， basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.

这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上，基础设施建设非常重要，应该放在首位。

88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists， which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.

那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客，这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。

89. Unfortunately， there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects， such as supplies of electricity and water.

然而，很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。

90. From what has been discussed above， it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.

通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。

91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price， which they cannot afford it.

那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点，将会付出他们无法承受的代价。

92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势，这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.

一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入，而且能学到一些新技术。

94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出，农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加，并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities， they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.

尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献，然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.

许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场，他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences， information and knowledge with peasants， which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.

建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验，知识和信息，这些将有助于发展农村经济。

98. In conclusion， we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之，我们应理智考虑这一问题，重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life， parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people， including teachers and experts in education， should pay considerable attention to this problem.

尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分，然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。

100. As for me， it is essential to know， at first， what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为，首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。

对比观点题型

（1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

1． 有一些人认为......

2． 另一些人认为......

3． 我的看法

The topic of

①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of

②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more,

③-------------理由二). Moreover,

④---------------(理由三).

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),

⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),

⑦------------------(理由三).

From my point of view, I think

⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that

⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .

（2） 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点

Some people believe that

①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think

②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them

③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).

In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,

④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing,

⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that

⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．

阐述主题题型

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．

１． 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．

２． 分析并举例使其更充实．

The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.

First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．

In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

Good morning，ladies and gentlements， Its my honor to be here today. My name is Ramos， I am from Southeast University. My major is Mechanical design. In the past three years， Im always the top ten students in my class. I have passed the CET4 and CET6 with a high scores and also won the first prize scholorship in 214. In the university Im not only studying hard and but also actively join a lot of activities. I once participated in the Model united nation and organized some useful activities like English Corner for students English learning. My life in university is very colorful and fruithful， it helps me gain knowledge and makes me become more communicative and cooperative through leaning and activities.

Whats more， I worked for Quanfeng Group as a intern overseascustomers quality engineer this summer. I learned a lot about quality control， quality assurance， quality standard like ISO and EU. Last but not least， I also learned al ot more from custmers and designing engineers.

You know the overseas cusomers quality engineer requires the person who have excellent communication skills and proficient English skills to work with our overseas customers and engineers. Although sometimes its hard to solve the disputes， but it really helps me to build up my communication skills ， capabilities and oral English.

Henan has a humid warm-temperate climate. Dry and windy in winter and spring, the province is hot and rainy in summer and bakes in strong sunlight during the autumn months. Rainfall averages about 600-1000 millimeters increasing from north to south, as does the annual temperature which increases from about 12.8C in the north to 15.5C in the south.

Henan province is considered the cradle of Chinese civilization due to its location on the Yellow River. This rich historic heritage has endowed Henan with numerous historic treasures, from primitive dwellings to earliest wheel thrown pottery. The remains of some of the earliest human settlements have been unearthed here, including the over 7000-year-old Peiligang Culture Site, the 6000-year-old Yangshao Culture Remains and the 5000-year-old Dahe Culture Remains. All these cultural remains have profound significance in the history of Chinese civilization.

Luoyang City has been the capital of nine dynasties since the time of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770BC-221BC). There are many historical sites to be viewed in Luoyang as well as the opportunity to purchase replicas of the famed Tang three-glaze horses. Luoyangs Longmen Grottoes, famous for its grand treasure trove of Chinese Buddhist statues, are located 12km (7 miles) south of Luoyang. First sculpted and chiseled around 493 AD when the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534) was moved from Datong City to Luoyang, the grottoes of Luoyang house an awe-inspiring collection of sculpted Buddha and other religious subjects.

Kaifeng, one of the ancient capitals, also boasts the following buildings worthy of a visit: Iron Pagoda (Tie Ta) of the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127), Dragon Pavilion (Long Ting) - site of imperial palace of the Song and Jin dynasties - and the 1400-year-old Xiangguo Temple which is one of the most famous Buddhist temples in China. Also on view in Kaifeng are ruins of the Shang Dynasty, an important part of human cultural and historic heritage. The Shang Dynasty Ruins, also known as the Yin Ruins, are famous because of the unique style of the large palace and its grand mausoleums, in which emperors of the Shang Dynasty are buried. The bronze vessels of the Shang Dynasty, which were both finely decorated and popularly used by the citizens of the Shang Dynasty, are well-known at home and abroad.

论文常用来指进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章，简称之为论文，小编收集了大学毕业论文的写作基础，欢迎阅读。

目 录

一、明确任务………………………………………………1

(一)经济论文的概念

(二)经济论文的种类

(三)论文的必备条件

二、确立选题………………………………………………5

(一)选题的重要意义

(二)选题的原则

(三)选题应考虑的因素

(四)选题的方法

(五)可供选择的论文题目类型

(六)选题要注意的几个问题

三、搜集资料………………………………………………16

(一)、材料――论文写作成功的基础

(二)搜集资料的途径

(三)资料的选取

四、拟定提纲………………………………………………26

(一)、编写提纲的意义

(二)做好编写提纲的准备

(三)编写写作提纲

(四)提纲的基本要求：

五、撰写初稿………………………………………………34

(一)执笔顺序

(二)撰写初稿

(三)对初稿的基本要求

六、修改定稿………………………………………………38

七、毕业论文的项目与装帧………………………………41

(一)论文的基本型

(二)毕业论文论文写作技巧视频的构成项目

(三)毕业论文的装帧

八、毕业论文答辩…………………………………………46

毕业论文写作指导

一、明确任务

(一)经济论文的概念

经济论文是用来进行经济科学研究和描述经济科学研究成果的文章。毕业论文写作，是应届毕业生总结性的独立作业。它的目的在于总结学生在校学习期间的学习成果，培养其具有综合运用所学知识,解决实际问题的能力，使他们得到经济科学研究规范的基本训练。要搞好毕业论文的写作，首先要弄清经济论文论文写作有技巧的概念是什么?

理解经济论文这一概念，要把握两点：第一，经济论文是探讨经济问题，进行经济科学研究的一种手段;第二，经济论文又是描述经济科学研究成果，进行学术交流的一种工具。

我们知道，经济科学的研究是一种相当复杂的思维活动，并且又需要描述出来为别人所了解。人们进行科学研究、思考问题，只凭脑子想，是想不清楚的，而要在思考的过程中，不断地记录、整理、推敲、修改，这才能使创造性的思考一层层展开，一步步深入，逐步至于完善，达到课题的解决。这个研究过程离开写是办不到的。而研究成果的发表、交流以及作用的发挥、产生的效益，又必须写经济论文把它描述出来。所以，经济论文论文写作入门技巧既是进行科学研究的一种手段，又是描述科研成果的一种工具。

(二)经济论文的种类

由于研究角度和撰写论文论文写作小技巧的目的不同，经济论文论文写作秘籍可分成很多种类，从研究角度上划分，大体可以分为宏观经济论文和微观经济论文两大类;由于论文十大论文写作技巧的作者不同，又可以分为毕业论文和学位论文等等。

1.宏观经济论文。所谓宏观经济论文，即凡是描述国民经济中带有普遍性、整体性的经济问题研究成果的文章，诸如有关国民经济有计划按比例发展的规律和计划工作的论述，有关按劳分配规律问题的论述等等。

宏观经济论文总是试图用一定的经济模式说明道理，而这些模式体现的是不同的经济基本特征，而不考虑复杂的细节，它要求的是思想明确，而不是数字精确。

2.微观经济论文。即凡是描述国民经济中带有局部性、具体性的经济问题研究成果的文章。例如物流、电子商务、商业、外贸等部门的某些生产技术或经营管理方面的论述，有关物资供应、产品销售问题的论述等等。

微观经济论文也可以说是对经济活动中具体的方式方法的论述。它要求论述具体，资料、数据、图表都是具体的。

3.毕业论文。即高等学校应届毕业生总结性的独立作业。它是学生运用在校学习的基本知识和基础理论去解决一、两个实际问题的实践锻炼。是学生在校学习期间学习成果的综合性总结，是整个教学活动中不可或缺的一个重要环节。

毕业论文和平时的考试虽然都是对学生学习成绩测验的手段，但它们又有很大的区别。这是因为，平时考试是学生被动地接受知识和技能的训练，而毕业作业却是学生运用所学知识，主动地去解决一两个实际问题。整个毕业作业的写作过程——从选题、搜集资料(包括调查)、整理分析资料、筛选使用资料、确立论点、拟定提纲、执笔写作，一直到修改完成，都是同学们在指导老师指导下，自己亲自动手完成的。因此，毕业论文实用的论文写作技巧的写作，又是同学们第一次进行科学研究的尝试和训练。而培养同学们科学研究能力，也同样是我们的教学任务之一。

4.学位论文论文写作的基础与技巧。学位论文分为学士学位论文、硕士学位论文、博士学位论文三级。学士学位论文是写得合乎要求的大学论文，即能对研究的课题有一定的心得，能通过论文的写作反映出作者有从事科学研究的能力。硕士学位论文论文写作的技巧是攻读硕士学位研究生写的论文，它要求对所研究的课题有新的见解，能从论文的写作中反映出作者有独立从事科学研究的能力。博士学位论文是攻读博士学位研究生写的论文,它要求在科学或专门技术上做出创造性的成果，能从论文论文写作技巧的写作中反映出作者有渊博的理论知识和相当熟练的科学研究能力。论文写作各种技巧

(三)论文的必备条件

论文是议论文中的一类，它是专门对科学领域中的某些现象(问题)进行研究、探讨的文章。因此，论文有以下一些必备条件。

1.科学性

论文必须具备科学性，这是由科学研究的任务所决定的。科学研究的任务是揭示事物发展的客观规律，探求客观真理，成为人们改造世界的指南。无论自然科学还是社会科学都必须根据科学研究这一总的任务，对本门科学中的研究对象进行深入探讨，揭示规律。

论文的科学性，在立论上要求作者不得带有个人好恶的偏见，不得主观臆造，必须切实地从客观实际出发，从中引出符合实际的结论。这一点与一般议论文论文写作方法和技巧归纳可以表达作者各种各样的观点是不相同的。论文写作技巧学习

论文的科学性，在论据上要求作者花大气力，经过周密的观察、调查、试验，尽可能多地占有资料，以充分，确实有力的论据作为立论的依据。这一点与一般的议论文可以在占有部分的资料的基础上，从中选取可资证明自己观点的材料作论据是不相同的。论文写作有什么技巧

论文的科学性，在论证上要求作者经过周密的思考，严谨而富有逻辑效果地论证。这一点与一般议论文论文写作秘笈可以比较自由地展开议论是不相同的。

要达到这些要求，使论文具有科学性，作者必须有良好的科学素养，能以马列主义的理论观点方法来研究问题;同时需要一定的专业理论知识;还需要有对科学工作的热爱和责任感，而且经过不断努力才能达到的。

2.创造性

科学研究是对新知识的探求，要求作者在论文里表述自己的见解。如果研究工作者只能继承不能创新，那么人类的文明和历史就不会有所前进了。英国《自然发展史》一书的作者斯蒂芬.梅森说：“科学总要发展，并有新发现，……科学方法主要是发现新现象、制定新理论的一种手段……。”从事经济科学研究总是要有所创造，对经济现象经过周密的观察、调查、分析和研究，从中发现别人没有发现过或没有涉及过的问题，或者是在综合别人认识的基础上进行创新。

发现就是创造。创造是一切科学研究，包括经济科学研究的生命。只有创造，才能提出新问题，解决新的问题，从而推动经济科学的发展。但是创造并不是轻易就可以做到的，无论是一种经营思想还是一种管理方法，每前进一步，都是要付出艰巨的劳动的。因此，发挥我们的创造力进行新的探索和创造，既要认真谨慎，又要勇于进取。学习论文写作技巧

3.平易性

经济论文是进行经济科学研究和描述经济科学研究成果的文章。这种成果的发表是为了应用于经济活动，指导人们的经济活动实践，因此，它就要求容易为人理解。无论是宏观的经济思想，还是微观的具体方法，在表述上都要本着“易懂”的原则。无论用哪种表达方式，都要写得易于理解，不仅专家能看懂，具有一定文化知识的人也能看懂。做到这一点并非容易。因为经济论文讲的是复杂的、多样的、抽象的经济现象和理论，因此，要写得平易近人，深入浅出，是要经过刻苦的训练的。

二、确立选题

(一)选题的重要意义

写一般文章，不外乎两个问题，一是写什么，一是怎样写。写经济论文也是如此，一是确定研究什么问题，一是怎么研究。没有明确的研究对象及如何研究的内容，是无法动笔的。因此有人说选择好一个研究题目，论文就成功了一半，从上述意义上理解，这是有道理。

从写作的角度来看，写什么和怎么写都是很重要，如果从文章写出之后产生的效果、起到的作用来看，那么写什么，也就是研究什么就尤为重要了。因为只有研究了有意义的课题才会有意义，否则，精力花费再大，研究得再好，论文表达再完美无缺，也是没有价值的。

(二)选题的原则

选题要依据这样的原则：在客观上有科学价值的，在主观上有利于展开的。

客观上有科学价值的，我们可以从下述这些方面开考虑：

1.亟待解决的课题

在经济学科的各个领域，总有一些亟待解决的问题。这样的问题有的是关于国计民生的重大问题;有的是科学发展中的关键问题;有的虽然是一般性问题，但迫切需要解决。经济科学研究应该首先注重到这些亟待解决的问题。

2.经济科学上的新发展、新创造

在经济科学研究中，新的发现，新的创造是有科学价值的，这也是每个经济科学工作者努力追求的目标之一。因为每一项新的发现和创造，都将使经济的发展向前推进一步。

3.空白的填补

科学的发展有其不平衡性。从学科建设上来看，由于某一时期侧重于某些学科的研究，而忽视了另外一些学科的建设，就出现了学科上的短缺、空白。而发展这些新的学科将会有助于我国的社会主义建设，这就需要填补。在一个学科范围内，也存在着发展的不平衡性。一定时期，对某些问题的研究是注重的，研究的成果也比较显著，而对另一些项目却很少接触，于是就出现了需要填补的部分。从客观需要，从科学发展的全局需要来看，这是应该成为研究重点、选题对象的。

4.通说的纠正

通说是通行的看法，这是已有的研究成果，也包括现在提出来的一般的流行观点。纠正通说中不正确的观点，使人们得到正确的认识，这自然是有科学价值的。例如，有些谈到文艺批评的文章，喜欢引用马克思的一句话：“人民历来就是作家‘够资格’和‘不够资格’的唯一判断者。”有的借它来论断“人民群众历来是文艺作品唯一判断者”;有的借它来论断“人民群众是文艺作品最权威的评定者”;有的用它来强调“开展文艺批评，要走群众路线”等等，都认为这句话表述的是马克思在文艺批评问题上历史唯物主义的一个“基本观点”。这是很流行的一个通说。游离的《一个应该澄清的问题》一文，对这个从马克思原著中割裂出来的论断加以纠正，指出：第一，它把马克思的话解释错了;第二，它会在文艺批评的实践上引起混乱;第三，它也并不符合马克思、恩格斯创立的历史唯物主义。这个对通说的纠正是很有科学价值的。

5.前说的补充

这是对前人研究的发展性研究，使它更为丰富、完整。富有创造性成果，在科学发展中固然十分重要，但是在多数情况下，总是先提出某种假说或论断，而要经过不断的验证、补充、丰富之后，才能成为完整的理论观点。所以补充前说是有科学价值的，也是应该成为我们选择课题考虑的方面之一。

选题，首先要考虑选择有科学价值的题目，这是一个基本原则。但是，仅仅从这个客观需要来考虑选题是不够的。每个研究者还必须考虑到自己的主观条件才能选出适应的题目。所以，从客观上考虑是否有科学价值的同时，还必须从自己的主观上，即本人条件上考虑选择的题目是否有利于展开研究。

(三)选题应考虑的因素

一般说来，要选择有利于展开的题目，须考虑这样几个方面：

(1)要有浓厚的兴趣

兴趣是人们力求认识客体的特殊心理倾向，认识倾向相对持久地稳定下来，构成人的兴趣。在科学研究中，它往往表现为人们对某个课题始终如一、坚持不懈的探究精神。“兴趣是最好的老师”，有兴趣的课题能牢牢地吸引着研究者执著地研究下去，直到达到目的。它可以使研究者的工作变得更积极、更自觉、更有热情，从而更具有创造力。

兴趣并不是与生俱来，也不是一成不变的。它有着产生和变化的客观基础。了解这一点，就会有意识地培养起个人与社会需要相一致的兴趣。

(2)能发挥业务专长

选择能发挥业务专长的题目是有利于展开的。这是选题中作者考虑自己的研究能力如何得以充分发挥的问题。论文写作技巧全攻略

无论专业水平的高低，每个研究者都有自己的业务专长。从大的方面看，各个学科领域都有其独立的研究对象，研究内容。此一学科领域的研究者，都很难解决彼一学科领域中的问题。

选题要扬长避短。选己之所长，避己之所短，从自己的研究能力出发，选取能发挥出业务专长的题目，这样研究工作才能很好的展开，并获得优秀的成果。这就像一个举重运动员，万万不可去参加跳高比赛一样，在非己之所长的项目中是决不会发挥出优势的。

(3)有占有资料的条件

图书资料是进行科学研究的基础。缺少资料的研究者很难写出有分量的论文，就像两手空空的厨师难于烹调出美味佳肴一样。所以，选题还要考虑资料条件，如果选择能获得丰富资料的题目，是会有利于研究工作展开的。

为什么提出这个问题?因为人们所处的环境不同，能够获得资料的多寡、优劣的程度是很不相同的。

譬如，以文献资料来说，最好是身边有藏书十分丰富的图书馆，甚至连比较稀少的资料也能很容易地查到。有这样良好条件的总在少数。而在一般情况下，资料条件就较差，即使身边有图书馆，图书资料也往往残缺不全，虽然有些资料可以靠馆际互借来加以解决，但我们选择一个偏偏身边无法得到的资料的题目，那搜集资料的工作就会困难重重，致使我们的研究工作无法进行。

这样，我们就不得不在选题时考虑资料条件的问题。我们要尽可能选择有资料条件的，也就是易于获得所需要的资料的题目，这会有利于研究工作的展开。

(4)能得到指导

刚开始搞研究的同学虽然学习、掌握了一般的基本理论与基础知识，但怎样运用所学到的这些理论、知识解决实际问题，还仅仅是个开始。对如何选题，乃至如何展开研究，还缺少经验，有条件的话，要找导师指导。

在导师的指导下选择的题目是有利于展开的。一方面，因为导师对本学科有广泛的见识，深刻的了解，有丰富的科学研究经验，知道什么是本学科中亟待解决的问题，什么是应该填补的，在什么问题上可以创造性地发展。另一方面，导师对对学生也很了解，知道已经学习、掌握了哪些理论、知识，有何程度的研究能力以及处理课题上的欠缺。这样，他们就会帮助考虑选择适合学生研究能力的题目。

(四)选题的方法

首先，选题要查阅文献资料，要了解本学科、本专业，特别是我们已经确定研究范围部分的历史与现状。了解了研究对象的历史与现状，就会知道在过去与现阶段的研究达到了什么程度，以及哪些问题尚未得到解决。这样就可以避免选题的盲目性。否则，即使是偶有所得，自以为是个好的题目，但很可能是前人早已经解决了的，已经没有研究价值了。

了解自己研究内容的历史与现状，要查阅大量的资料，这不是坐在家里靠手边的一点书和杂志所能办到的。要到图书馆里去，要查阅有关的专业目录、报刊杂志目录卡片，不断丰富、积累这方面的资料。这不仅是一次选题所需要的，而且是今后从事本学科研究工作的选题基础。

做文献目录卡片，有经验的作者是先从最近发表的新的文献资料调查开始的，按年一项一项写出来。从最近的开始调查，逐步再调查过去的，这是做文献目录卡片的一种好办法。因为调查近的、新的既容易入手，又会有兴趣。如果从过去的开始，对初学者说来往往不了解该从什么时候开始，好多是从中途入手的。论文写作技巧的方法

卡片的写法是，记上作者、标题、杂志名、卷号、页码。若是单行本，要写上出版单位，报纸要写上发行的年月日。一套完整的文献目录卡，能使我们掌握本学科研究的全部成果的线索。以它来检索资料，能使小编们了解某些项目、某些问题的研究现状。这些工作虽然花费了很多时间，但它是有意义的，它是开始做研究工作重要的基础工作，必须耐心细致地做好。

在查阅文献资料，做目录卡或对目录卡进行分类整理的过程中，大脑的思维就已经开始工作了。有时，某些题目会触发我们确定某一课题。当然，这个思考过程不是消极地、被动地接受那些资料的触发，而是充分运用自己的思考力，对它积极进行加工，这是一种创造性想像，是会探索出新的课题的。

在这个思考过程中，我们要不断地把想到的记下来，怎么想就怎么记。这样就不致于使就突然来临的、又是瞬间即逝的灵感过后忘记，而且它会进一步触发你的思考，获得新的想像。正确认识论文写作技巧

(五)可供选择的论文题目类型

根据以往同学选题的情况，归纳一下论文题目可能采取的类型有以下几种：

1.就实际工作中存在的问题提出改进意见。如根据当前经济体制改革的需要，提出改革的设想。这是比较典型的一类论文题目，同时，也有一定的难度。选择这类题目时，要阅读有关的规章制度，对企业工作的有关情况、经验和问题有一个大致的了解。

2.对本专业中某些理论问题进行探讨。通常要对传统的观点提出一些商榷的意见。研究这类问题要有针对性，要阅读已发表的有关争论文章，了解各方面的不同看法。

3.对有关业务方法问题加以研讨。这类问题比较具体，面比较窄，但要有细微的分析，尽可能多了解一些实际工作情况，不宜作笼统的议论。

4.总结实际工作中的新鲜经验。写这类题目，可以对某一个企业进行重点调查，从个别到一般，提出一些共同性的问题来。我们提倡同学们多写一些理论同实际相结合的调查报告，把实际工作的经验从理论上加以概括。

5.现代化管理方法的应用。在这方面同学们可以把已经学过的一些相关课程同专业问题结合起来加以研究。

上述几个方面的问题，并不是绝然分开的，它们往往是相互交叉的，除此之外还会有一些其他可供选择的方面。

(六)选题要注意的几个问题

1、选题要尽可能早一些

论题选得早，时间充分，准备也会充分。这样工作起来就不至于忙乱，可以从容地、有条不紊地去准备。与此相反，如果论题选得较晚，总会有一种紧张的感觉。思维活动，尤其是创造性思维，是不可能在突击中很好地发挥的。同时大家知道，论题的选择，有时并不是一次就最后定下来的。有些时候，刚刚选定题目时，觉得能够写好，有把握完成，但在写作过程中，往往会遇到各种困难，或因资料不足，或因论述困难等等，都会迫使自己不得不放弃原来的论题而重新选择。这时，如果第一次选题较早，时间还来得及;如果第一次选题就较晚，那么，重新选择论题的机会就不多了。

一般地说，同学们读完二年级，就应该考虑毕业作业的问题了。二年级之后，基础课和专业课已大部分开过，个人的专长与兴趣已经形成，在这时考虑毕业论文的论题，应该说是合适的了。

2、选题与主、客观的条件

这个问题是说，在选题之前，对个人的主观条件以及客观上能为自己提供的条件要有充分的了解和认识,这包括自己的业务专长，对所选题目的兴趣以及客观上能够为自己提供的资料、经费、时间等等。

我们知道，专长特长是科学研究的前提条件，只有具有坚实的专业知识，才能在科学研究中发现真理，有所建树。那么，我们在选题的时候，就要充分考虑自己的专业特长。比如，平时对企业管理注意得比较多，自己在生产实践过程中又有一些体会，那么在选题的时候，就应该考虑在企业管理及其改革中的一些问题上确定选题。刚开始写论文论文写作技巧大全的人，往往都有一种对自己把握不定的困惑，觉得很多问题都可以成篇，而又都不尽满意,这就是对自己缺乏了解,而了解自己的专长在选题中尤为重要。

在主观条件中还有一条就是自己对选题的兴趣。对专业有兴趣的人，才能保持一种旺盛的钻研热情，促进专业的长进，而对专业不断的了解和积累，又会激发自己对专业的兴趣。只有对选题有浓厚的兴趣，才能产生强烈的研究欲望，容易出成果。对选题的兴趣，直接关系到论文最常用的论文写作技巧的质量。因此要求同学们在选题时千万不要赶“时髦”、凑“热闹”，一定要扎扎实实地在自己的业务专长和有强烈研究欲望的范围内选择论题。怎样提高论文写作技巧

客观条件就是指客观上能够为我们的研究所提供的可能性,包括资料、时间等。论文写作技巧指南

资料，包括原始资料，已经发表过的论文、专著、统计数据、观察记录等。第一手资料是非常重要的，如果自己没有掌握这种资料，客观上又没有提供的可能性，那么对这个选题的研究就有困难。对已发表过的论文论文写作的要点与技巧和专著情况的掌握，也就是对选题研究的历史与现状的把握，这是避免选题盲目性的重要保证。

时间，与我们作业写作的难度和篇幅直接相关。因此，选题的难度和长度一定要适中，要保证能够在允许的时间里完成。

3、选题应以专业课的内容为主

这是因为毕业论文是高等学校教学过程的一个有机的环节。它的教学目的是：使学生总结在校期间的学习成果，培养学生具有综合运用所学的理论知识，解决实际问题的能力，使他们受到科学研究的基本训练。所以，要求他们选择的课题应以专业课的内容为主，不要超出这个范围，如果仅凭个人的兴趣爱好，选择一个脱离专业课的题目，是达不到运用所学的理论知识解决实际问题的训练目的的。

4、选题类型多样化

毕业论文是论文论文写作技巧有哪些写作的基本训练，它具有习作性质。所以课题研究类型是多样化的，也就是可以以多种形式来进行课题的研究，写出各式各样的学术文体的文章。例如，可以写专题论文、文献综述、调查研究报告，也可以搞实验设计和实验技术研究等等，范围是很广的。因为通过这些实践，都可以达到科学研究基本训练的目的。

课题类型之所以多样化，同时也由于毕业论文主要是在校内学习期间完成的，势必受到图书资料、仪器设备、经费等等条件的限制，不能不从实际出发，以多种样式进行。这也是一个重要的原因。

5、选题的三种方式

目前高等学校毕业论文的选题，是以下述三种选题结合的方式进行。

(1)命题与自选题结合的方式

题目先由指导教师拟定，经教研室讨论确定，然后向全体学生公布，由他们选作。对多数同学来说，这是一种合适的办法。

(2)自选题

少数学习成绩优秀并有一定科研能力的同学，能独立地选题，他们可以自己选。

(3)引导性命题

这是对少数学习成绩较差、缺乏科研能力，不能独立选题的同学所采用的方法。当指导教师拟出的题目公布之后，这样的同学望着揭示的题目，感到迷惑，心中无数，难以确定下来。这时指导教师就要给予一定的帮助。有经验的教师不是简单地为他们圈定了事，而是要很好地了解学生专业课的学习情况，他们的兴趣爱好及所关心的方面，逐步引导他们确定一个题目。这么做是要花费一些时间的，但对提高学生的选题能力是一种很有效果的方法。

就学生本人来说，无论学习成绩，科研能力如何，在选题过程中，除了自己独立地进行探索之外，都要主动地争取得到教师的指导。好多写过毕业论文的同志都有这种经验：在写论文论文的过程中，有三个环节特别需要得到教师的指导，第一个是选题，第二个是制订研究计划，第三个是拟定写作提纲。抓住这三个关键环节，对论文的写作是最有益的。

6、选题要考虑适中

这是个如何掌握分寸的问题。要把课题选得恰到好处是不大容易的。所以要注意掌握分寸，要适中。

(1)选题的时间要适中

选题要尽可能早一些，因为早做准备，时间充分。但是，也不是越早越好，这要视作者的专业课的学习情况如何而定。从专业课的进行情况来看，一般的要从二年级就开始考虑，确定研究方向或选定题目，慢慢地准备，读书，查阅资料，积累材料。过早，因缺少必要的专业基础知识，很难发现自己在哪个方面可以深入地钻研一下;过晚，若到最后一个学年才考虑选题，就显得太迟了，对完成论文是不利的。

(2)选题的难度要适中

选题的难易程度要合适。既不可过难，又不可过易。过难的课题，当然是很有科学价值的，如果能解决会对科学的发展有较大的贡献，这当然是很好的。可是，我们刚刚开始做研究工作，处理难度高的课题有困难。这就如让一个刚刚学会游泳的人创造记录一样，是他能力所不及的。不过，课题也不可过易，课题太简单又难于达到锻炼自己的科学研究能力的目的。一般说来，选题太难、过于特殊，想一举解决，处理一个难度很高的课题是主要的倾向，应注意防止。

(3)选题的大小要适中

选题既要量力，又要考虑到难度，有分量又能拿得起来;还要考虑到题目的大小要适中，能有足够的时间来处理它。在大学里学习，支配时间是个很复杂的问题，每个人都有自己的情况，是各不相同的。譬如，选修科目的多少，专业课学习的理解程度与所需要的复习、钻研时间等等，这些都必须考虑到学习时间安排里去。所以，在选题时，必须根据自己的实际情况，精打细算地考虑好究竟能用多少时间来研究一个课题，再根据这个时间来选择一个大小适中的研究项目。这一点，在选题时不考虑到也会麻烦的。选题过大，必要的资料没有到手，计划时间很快用完了，草草收束，是写不出像样的论文的。选题过小，虽然时间从容，写得轻松，但又没能把力量充分发挥出来，这也是最遗憾的。