大学英语写作常用句型实用20篇

the call of the wild in the beginnning, buck lived in a happly life . he was the lovely pet of the miller . he could get sufficient food everyday. however , happy time is always short . unluckily,he was stolen and sold to pay off a gambling debt. buck was taken to alaska and sold to a pair of french canadians who were impressed with his physique. they trained him as a sled dog, and he quickly learned how to survive the cold winter nights and the pack society by observing his teammates. buck was later sold again and passed hands several times, all the while improving his abilities as a sled dog and pack leader. there life was hard ,but he could feel the warmth given to him by thornton . so buck came to love him and grew devoted to him. i was deeply impressed by him .

however , at last, thornton was killed by indians . it was a pity . the world is dominated by those who are much stronger and more powerful than common people, and only the stronger ones could exist. this is the law of club and fang. buck gradually realizes the law and begins to obey the law after he is stolen and taken to the would. the savage environment which is full of tricks, dangers and deaths turns him to be more powerful and cunning. finally, he becomes the leader of his team. similar to the would, our society becomes crueler and crueler, and living in the society becomes

harder and harder. if you want to exist, to have a good life, you should be tough enough to stand the sufferings; you should keep alert, watch and learn; you should make yourself stronger than others. this is the law of living.

"You the best for others, will receive from them the best. Your help, the more you get is more also. The more you mean, the more nothing." This is the first time. The reality is this, only those who are willing to help others person would have someone elses respect. I believe you heard the boys story, he out of a mother to call him very angry, and then, perhaps is hate the fear of punishment, he ran out of the house, to the valley shouted: "I hate you! I hate you!" Then came the valley echo: "I hate you! I hate you!" A child is very afraid, ran home to mother said, the valley have a sneaking child to say he hate him. Mother take him back to the hillside, and he called out, "I love you, I love you." As the mother of the child said, and this time he has found, there is a very good child in a valley said: "I love you, I love you."

Life is like a kind of echo, you send it back to what what you sow, what is what you give to harvest, what will get it. As long as you pay the, harvest. It is no use more words, only this one paragraph, it is true portraiture of helping others: when we help others, we give to others is the love of life, as if to others the tree of life also rouses readers with a clear spring. Love is the source of the feelings of an inexhaustible, we pay more, the heart filled with happiness, is stronger. So, help others is not only to offer and harvest.

Helping others is the Chinese nation long advocate virtue, therefore also presents a respectable example: lei feng, clump other people of flying, and ordinary workers, industrious, pure girl, farmers, and so on. They are in with his actions, their power to help people in need, to go to the warm these peoples heart. Social prosperity, fewer not between people help each other. Many engineering is not a person can complete, it requires a lot of cooperation, help each other, encourage each other, can be a complete success. When we help others, then you are grown old, the joy of a very, very happy. Help others are happy.

Others get a warm, he got the happiness. Is not this "helping others is helping oneself"? Remember: to give is getting.

In my understanding， if we refer to an ideal college life as a formal western dinner， then a high GPA， that is， Grade Point Average， should be the main course， while an active part in activities， together with associations， means the appetizer。 Some romances， of course， play the role as desserts。 They are the 3 key elements for an ideal college life。

Those， however， are not what college life is all about。 As we all know， college is wildly different from middle school。 It connects not only adolescence to adulthood， but also the ivory tower to the real society。 Therefore， the ideal college life is that I become matured both physically and mentally， and that I obtain qualified academic knowledge and get well prepared for society at the same time。

Under this circumstance， I never expect my college life to be too ideal， or you can call it too perfect。 It is not realistic to make all things on my own way， with everyone liking me， winning the first prize all the time， and so on。 Of course， I’d like to lead a carefree life。 However， this does little good to my future。 What really helps is hardships like failure， betrayal， and unjust treatment。 Only after experiencing those can I know what society is like， and what life is like。

To conclude my speech， I wanna say， some positive experiences are surely part of the ideal college life。 But， I should not forget about the negative sides。 They are not less necessary。

[关于我的理想大学生活英语作文

As is shown in the graph… 如图所示…

The graph shows that…图表显示…

As can be seen from the table, … 从表格中可以看出…

From the chart, we know that… 从这张表中,我们可知…

All these data clearly prove the fact that…

所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…

The increase of …. in the city has reached to 20%.

这个城市的….增长已达到20%.

In 1985, the number remained the same.

1985年,这个数字保持不变.

There was a gradual decline in 1989.

1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.

在英语教学中，培养学生听、说、读、写的能力是相辅相成的。经常练习写作，可以巩固和发展听说能力 ，还可以促进阅读能力的提高。写作能促使学生勤复习、多思考。通过对一词一句反复推敲，有助于提高使用 语言的准确性。学习用英语写作是培养英语思维能力的重要途径之一，有了一定的英语思维能力，英语学习就 能产生一个相应的飞跃。因此，在高中阶段指导、培养学生写英语作文是不容等闲视之的。

用英语解释生词，为学生打好写作基础。教师应创造语言环境，通过耳濡目染、潜移默化，培养用英语思 维的习惯。在教每课的单词和词组时，要尽量用学生学过的单词、词组进行解释。刚开始时，可由教师用英语 解释生词，后来可让学生根据汉语释意，用自己学过的单词、词组解释。这样，经过一段时间的训练，学生的 英语思维能力就会有所提高，为英语写作打下较好的基础。在作文时，如果不知道某个东西的英语表达方式而 又无词典可查，这时学生就会用其释义来代替，如用“a person who nakes clothes”来代替“atailor”， 这虽不完全符合英语语言习惯，但对初学写作的高中生来说还是值得鼓励的。

通过缩写和改写课文，培养学生的英语概括能力。缩写课文会激励学生去认真钻研课文内容，有助于加深 学生对课文的理解，提高学生归纳总结和进行简要表达的能力。缩写课文允许改动原意，不允许删去主要内容 。缩写课文一般应该用自己的话来写，不能只停留在拼凑原文的词句上，也不要逐句、逐段照原文去改写。这 些均通过示例让学生明白和掌握，并在实践中让他们仔细加以体会。改写课文可以培养学生举一反三的语言表 达能力，熟练掌握英语表达方法，促使学生去钻研、去思考，调动学习的积极性，学生把学过的知识运用到实 际中去，这对于提高英语水平大有裨益。改写，除了我们通常所说的句子、段落的释义之外，还包括用其他体 裁改写整篇课文。如高中英语第一册第三课短剧“The Lost Necklace”可改写为记叙文。有的课文，如高中英 语第一册“The Blind Men And The Elephant”和第十课“At A Tailors Shop”等，就可以让学生改写成短 剧，并让他们在班上表演。有的课文故事是第三人称叙述的，如“The Footprint”，就可以让学生用第一人称 加以改写，使他们身临其境，自由发挥。这样可创造情景，促使他们“下笔如有神”。

以多题材、多形式的自由作文训练，加强意念功能的培养。经过一段时间的缩写和改写的笔头训练之后， 学生对写作有了一定的基础和兴趣，就可以放手让他们进行多种题材的自由作文训练，使学生在自由表达思想 和内心感受中，加强意念功能培养。(1) 练习写周记日记是培养学生英语自由写作能力的第一步。写周记日记 ，学生不受内容和经验的限制，可就熟悉的题材，充分发挥自己的想象力，自由表达。(2) 看图作文新颖活泼 ，能激发学生英语写作的积极性。可以用流传较广的传说、故事作图，让学生写记叙文。比如画几幅老鼠商议 给猫挂铃铛的图，让学生以“The cat and the bell”作文。也可画一幅漫画，让学生写简易议论文。如画一 幅之人向三个方向划一条小船，让学生写出情景加以评论，并命题。(3) 作文可由教师统一命题，也可由学生 自由命题。命题作文要注意先易后难，开始让学生写一些自己熟悉、易于表达的题材。如：“Our School”、 “My Family”、“A Letter To Somebody”、“ARepectable Teacher”、“Life In Summer Vacation”等。 在此基础上，提高一步，写一些较难的题目。如:My Idea, Money And Happiness等。刚开始练习命题作文写作 时，可让学生课外完成，规定交作文日期即可。经过一段时间后，可要求他们在课堂上完成，借以培养他们的 思考能力，提高快速写作的能力。

通过讲评帮助学生逐步掌握写作要领。作文批阅应与课堂讲评相结合，一方面在班上朗诵优秀作文，说明 其好在哪里。另一方面要分析各种典型错误，尤其是汉式英语，务必通过讲译，使学生进一步了解错误产生的 原因，以及如何纠正。为了加深印象，避免讲评中烦琐指点，最好对各种错误进行分类整理，教师应注意分类 的合理性和系统性。

一、简单句的九大基本句型

1. “主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)

这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。

例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.

分析：“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。

The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。

The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。

2. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)

这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。

例：I study English.

分析：“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。

3. “主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)

这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。

例：Our teacher taught us English.

分析：“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)“英语”(直接宾语)。

4. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型)

这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。

例： He asked her to go there.

分析：“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语—补充说明宾语应做什么)。

5. “主语 + have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)

这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语，即有形或无形的资源)”。

例： You have a nice watch. 你有一块漂亮的手表

分析：“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表，即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。

6. “There + be + 主语+ …”(即“存在”句型)

这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。

例：There is a bird in the tree. 在树上有一只鸟。

分析：“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。

7. “主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)

这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。

例： I am a teacher. 我是一名老师

分析：“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。

She felt very tired. 她感觉到很累。

He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。

You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白，病了吗?

8. 比较句型

这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。

1) 相等比较: …as + 形容词/副词原级 + as…;

…as + 形容词+名词 + as…

例：He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。

例：He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多

2) 劣等比较： …less + 形容词/副词原级 + than …

例：He is less careful than she. 他没她细心。

3) 优等比较：…+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than… ;

…the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two…

例：She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。

例： He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。

4)最高级：the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ {of(among) + 人或物｝

{in + 场所｝

例： He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。

9. “it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”(即评价句型)

这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句)

例：It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。

分析：本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。

开头部分:

How nice to hear from you again. Let me tell you something about the activity. I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th. I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit. I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.

结尾部分：

With best wishes. I’m looking forward to your reply. I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.

1918年11月11日，延续4年之久的第一次世界大战以英、美、法等国的胜利和德、奥等国的失败而告结束。1919年1月，获胜的协约国在巴黎凡尔赛宫召开和平会议。中华民国作为战胜国参加会议。中华民国代表在会上提出废除外国在华特权，取消二十一条等正当要求，均遭拒绝。会议竟决定日本接管德国在华的各种特权。对这丧权辱国的条约，中华民国代表居然准备签字承认。消息传来，举国震怒，群情激愤。以学生为先导的五四爱国运动就如火山爆发般地开始了。

In November 11, 1918, the first World War lasted for 4 years in Britain, America, France and other countries and the victory of Germany, Austria and other countries come to an end in failure. 1919 January, winning xiediguo held in the Palace of Versailles in Paris peace conference. The Republic of China as a victorious nation to attend the meeting. The representative of China at the proposed abolition of privileges in China and foreign countries, cancel twenty-one legitimate demands were rejected. Japan has decided to take over the meeting in Germanys privileges in china. To humiliate the country and forfeit its sovereignty of this treaty, the representative of the Republic of China was prepared to recognize the signature. When the news came out, the country burning, burning with indignation. The student led five four patriotic movement like a volcano began.

5月4日下午，北京3000多名学生在天安门前集会游行，他们高呼：“还我青岛”“收回山东权利”、“拒绝在巴黎和会上签字”、“废除二十一条”、“抵制日货”、“宁肯玉碎，勿为瓦全”、“外争国权，内惩国贼”等口号，并且要求惩办交通总长曹汝霖、币制局总裁陆宗舆、驻日公使章宗祥，呼吁各界人士行动起来，反对帝国主义的侵略行径，保卫中国的领土和主权。这一运动得到的工人和各阶层人士的声援和支持，上海、南京等地的工人纷纷举行罢工或示威。在全国人民的压力下，北洋政府被迫释放被捕学生，罢免曹汝霖等人的职务，并指令巴黎参加会议的代表拒绝在和约上签字。

The afternoon of May 4th, more than 3000 students in Beijing shouting at them in front of the Tiananmen demonstrations,: "I also Qingdao" "Shandong," refused to withdraw the right "in Paris and will sign", "the abolition of the twenty-one", "boycott Japanese goods," "would rather die, not for your guns", "defend our sovereignty, punish traitor" and other slogans, and for the punishment of traffic chief Cao Rulin, President of monetary Bureau Lu Zongyu, Minister Zhang Zongxiang, calls for action, fight against imperialist aggression, defend the territorial integrity and sovereignty Chinese. This campaign workers and all sectors of the solidarity and support, Shanghai, Nanjing and other places of the workers have held strikes and demonstrations. In the country under the pressure of the people, the government was forced to release the arrested students, and others recall Cao Rulins position, and ordered the Paris representatives attending the meeting refused to sign the peace treaty.

为了继承和发扬“五四”运动以来中国青年光荣的革命传统，1939年，陕甘宁边区的西北青年救国联合会规定5月4日为青年节。1949年12月，中央人民政府政务院正式宣布这一规定。

In order to inherit and carry forward the "five four" youth movement Chinese glorious revolutionary tradition, in 1939, the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region of the Northwest China Youth Federation provides for the May 4th Youth day. In 1949 December, the Central Peoples government officially announced the provisions.

人类因梦想而伟大，人生因拼搏而精彩。梦想引领人生，拼搏创造传奇!下面是语文迷小编整理的关于梦想的英语名言，希望对你有帮助。

the important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. (johan wolfgang von goethe, german poet and dramatist)

人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标,并决心实现它。(德国诗人、戏剧家 歌德. j. m.)

the man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds. (mark twain, american writer)

具有新想法的人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。 (美国作家 马克·吐温)

the only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today. (franklin roosevelt, american president)

实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。(美国总统 罗斯福. f.)

when an end is lawful and obligatory, the indispensable means to is are also lawful and obligatory. (abraham lincoln, american statesman)

如果一个目的是正当而必须做的,则达到这个目的的必要手段也是正当而必须采取的。(美国政治家 林肯. a.)

ideal is the beacon. without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.( leo tolstoy, russian writer)

理想是指路明灯。没有理想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向,就没有生活。(俄国作家 托尔斯泰. l.)

if winter comes, can spring be far behind ?( p. b. shelley, british poet )

冬天来了,春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. p. b.)

if you doubt yourself, then indeed you stand on shaky ground. (ibsen, norwegian dramatist )

如果你怀疑自己,那么你的立足点确实不稳固了。 (挪威剧作家 易卜生)

if you would go up high, then use your own legs ! do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other peoples backs and heads. (f. w. nietzsche, german philosopher)

如果你想走到高处,就要使用自己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和头上。(德国哲学家 尼采. f. w.)

it is at our mothers knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest, but there is seldom any money in them. ( mark twain, american writer )

就是在我们母亲的膝上,我们获得了我们的最高尚、最真诚和最远大的理想,但是里面很少有任何金钱。(美国作家 马克·吐温)

living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. (alexander dumas, davy de la pailleterie, french writer)

生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。 (法国作家 大仲马. a.)

the ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully 19 have been kindness, beauty and truth.(albert einstein, american scientist)

有些理想曾为我们引过道路,并不断给我新的勇气以欣然面对人生,那些理想就是--真、善、美。 (美国科学家 爱因斯坦. a.)

the dream is not a dream, the difference between the two usually have a very worth pondering the distance.梦想绝不是梦，两者之间的差别通常都有一段非常值得人们深思的距离。

“two gates there are for dreams," said penelope to odysseus after his ten years’ wandering had ended. "one made for horn and one of for ivory. the dreams that pass through the carved ivory delude and bring us tales that turn to naught;those that can come through polished horn accomplish real things whenever seen."“梦想有两扇门，”在奥德修斯结束了十年的漂泊后，潘尼洛对他说，“一扇是号角制成，一扇是象牙制成。通过精雕细缕的象牙门得梦想不过是一场会归于无的海市蜃楼的童话;而那些通过磨砺的号角门的梦想才会成为真实，为人所见。”

who has the material to survive, people have a dream only talk about life. you have to understand life and life different animal survival, while others life.人有了物质才能生存，人有了梦想才谈得上生活。你要了解生存与生活的不同吗?动物生存，而人则生活。

the dream was always running ahead of me. to catch up, to live for a moment in unison with it, that was the miracle.梦想总是跑在我前面，追寻它们，乃至仅有一瞬间的与梦想合而为一，也都是动人的生命奇迹。

a person rich money is not certain, but if the man is not a dream, the poor people.一个人有钱没钱不一定，但如果这个人没有了梦想，这个人穷定了。

if winter comes, can spring be far behind ?( p. b. shelley, british poet )冬天来了，春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. p. b.)

dont part with your illusions. when they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live. (mark twain, american writer)不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。((美国作家 马克·吐温)

to accomplish great things, in addition to dream, must act.要想成就伟业，除了梦想，必须行动。

when you truly want something, all the universe conspires to help you finish it.当你真心渴望一件东西的时候，整个宇宙都会联合起来帮你完成它。

everything is now for the future of dream weaving wings, soar to great heights to dream in reality.现在的一切都是为将来的梦想编织翅膀，让梦想在现实中展翅高飞。

11、human nature is the most pathetic: we always dream of the horizon of a wonderful rose garden, not to enjoy today in our window open rose.人性最可怜的就是：我们总是梦想着天边的一座奇妙的玫瑰园，而不去欣赏今天就开在我们窗口的玫瑰。

faith consists in believing when it is beyond the power of reason to believe. it is not enough that a thing be possible for it to be believed.当还缺乏产生信仰的足够理由时，要用信念去包涵。模棱两可不足以支持一个信仰。(伏尔泰)

the dream is the other shore, the reality is that on this side, action is the bridge connecting.梦想是彼岸，现实是此岸，行动是那座连接的桥。

a heart will not be hurt for pursuing a dream, when you truly want something, all the universe conspires to help you complete the.没有一颗心会因为追求梦想而受伤，当你真心想要某样东西时，整个宇宙都会联合起来帮你完成。

dreams don’t abandon a painstaking pursuit of the people, as long as you never stop pursuing, you will bathe in the brilliance of the dream.梦想不抛弃苦心追求的人，只要不停止追求，你们会沐浴在梦想的光辉之中。

1. There be 结构

there be 结构和have has结构翻译成汉语都是“有”的意思，但含义不同。have (has)表示“某人拥有某物”，there be而结构表示“某人或某物存在于某地或某时”。

There are some apple trees in the garden.

We have some apple trees in the garden.

there be 结构中的动词 动词与后面的主语在数的方面保持一致。如果句中的主语是并列主语，即有两个或两个以上的人或物作主语，那么一般说来动词的数应与第一个主语的数保持一致。如：

There is a green apple and two oranges in the fruit bowl.

There are two oranges and a green apple in the fruit bowl.

2. I think he is very old.

(1)否定句

一些表示个看法的动词，如等引导宾语从句时，如果从句为否定句，那么否定形式应该表现在主句中，即否定这些动词本身。如：

I don’t think he is very old.

I didn’t think Wang Hai would enter for the high jump.

(2)反意疑问句

这些动词带有宾语从句构成反意疑问句时，根据主句主语的不同可分为两种情况：当主语是第一人称时，则缩略问句应与宾语从句的主、谓保持一致，但如果主句表现为否定为形式时，缩略问句要用肯定形式;当主句的主语是第二或第三人称时，缩略问句应该与主句保持一致。如：

I don’t think he has finished the work, has he?

You think my brother told a lie yesterday, don’t you?

3. That’s right. That’s all right. All right.

“That’s right.”表示“对、正确”。一般在对话中用于肯定对方的回答或表示赞同对方的说法。 “That’s all right.” 是回答感谢话或道歉话的用语，意思是“没关系，不用谢”，相当于“You are welcome”、“That’s OK”或 “Not at all”“All right”一般用于同意别人的请求，是“好的、可以”的意思。如：

A: I think the correct answer is two. B: That’s right.

A: I am sorry I left your notebook at home. B: That’s all right.

4. He’s up there in the tree with Bill.

这句话的主语是“he”，“with Bill”不是主语，而是表示一种伴随状态，所以请注意谓语要和主语在数和人称称保持一致。一般在句子中我们经常用“with+名词”这种结构表示“有、带着或伴随着”的意思。如：

He went to the concert with me.=He and I went to the concert.

She answered me with a smile.

He went to sleep with the bedroom light on.

5. It’s time…

这一句型用来表示“是。。。的时间了，该。。。了”。一般有以下几种形式：

(1) It’s time to +动词原形

(2) It’s time for sb. +动词原形

(3) It’s time for +名词

如：It’s time to go to school.=It’s time for school.

It’s time for us to go to school.

6. What’s wrong with you?

这句话的意思是“你怎么了?”，既可表示问身体有什么不舒服，也可以表示问出了什么事，介词后还可以跟物品名称，表示问某样东西怎么了(是否出了什么毛病)。与其类似的句型还有：“What’s the matter with…? / What’s the trouble with…?”这三个句型在使用时要注意wrong是形容词，所以在它有前面不加冠词，而matter和trouble都是名词，在它们前面要加定冠词。如

What’s wrong with Bill?

What’s the matter (the trouble) with Bill?

7. They looked like saucers.

在本句中like是个介词，解释是“像。。。”，常和动词 be或 look连用。请注意不要错把它当成动词“喜欢”。

8. You had better come early next time.

此句中的had better是一种习惯用法, 意思是 “最好…”成, 一般用来表示向别人提建议或劝告.这一句经常可以与祈使句或带有情态动词should 的句子进行替换.在使用had better 时请注意以下几点: (1) 它没有人称、时态和数量的变化。(2)它的后面只能跟动词原型。(3)它的否定式为had better not，后面同样只能跟动词原型在疑问句中，通常是把had提到主语之前。如

We had better not go fishing on such a windy day.

9. be + adj. + (for somebody) to do (something)

在此句型中谓语动词一般不用被动语态。同时请注意动词不定式都有动宾关系， 因此如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，那么它的后面一定加上适当的介词。

The problem is not very difficult for me to work out.

10. I hope… / I wish…

Hope 与wish 都可以解释为“希望”，但它们所表达的意思和用法都有所不同。 在意思上Hope所表达的愿望是比较实际的，是可能实现的，而 wish所表达的是不太可能实现的梦想, 所以wish引导的宾语从句大多用虚拟的语气。在用法上它们的唏不完全相同，区别在于wish可以用于wish sb. to do, 而hope没有这种用法。：,

They hope to win the game in the afternoon.

We all wish him to bring us the good news.

11. My dad will come back in two days.

“in + 一段时间”常用来表示将来的一段时间以后，对它提问用 “how soon” 。如果表示将来的某个时间点以后，一般用“after +某个点时间”，对它提问要用 “when / what time”。如：

How soon will you finish your homework?

I will finish my homework in an hour.

When / What time will you come back?

I will come back after dinner.

12. I’m afraid…

I’m afraid…常用于表达与别人意见不同后拒绝别人的请求，有时也可以用在表示不肯定或推测的话前面，是口语中十分常用的短语。它的后面可以接从句，也可以加或。如

A: Must I hand in the report today?

B: I’m afraid you must

“be afraid of +名词或动名词”的用法也很常用。表示“害怕”。如：

She is afraid of going out at night.

13. Sorry, I forgot to tell you that.

在英语中有一些动词，它们的后面可以跟动词不定式，也可跟动名词，而且两种情况所表达的意思不同，如：

(1)与的用法基本相同。它们后面跟不定式时表示不定式所表示的动作还没发生;如果后面跟动名词，那么表示动作已经发生过了。如：

He forgot to return the money to me. 他忘记还钱给我。(表示钱还没有还。)

He forgot returning the money to me.他忘记已经把钱还给我了。(表示钱已经还了，但他忘记了这件事。)

(2) stop后面跟不定式表示停下来去做别一件事，如果加动名词就表示停止这个动作。如：

Please stop talking and listen tome. 请不要讲话，听我说。

Please stop to have a rest 请停下来休息一下。

14. This one is much better than that one.

英语中的形容词或副词在使用时都不得有比较结构。一般来说它们有三个级别：原级、比较级和最高级。

(1)原级比较

初中阶段常用的原级比较句型为：as…as…, not as (so)…as…。使用时注意它们的含义，as…as… 表示“和。。。一样”，而它的否定结构表示“不如。。。”。如

Is the Huanghe River as long as the Nile?

He does not work so hard as his brother.

(2)最常用的比较级用法是“比较级别+ than ”。另外两个相同的比较级用连接起来可以表示“越。。。越。。。”。如果要表示“两个中较为。。。的一个” ，在比较级之前要加一个the，一般可以修饰比较级的有：much, far, a little, a bit, even, still.

It is even colder than it was last month.

More and more people are helping fight pollution.

His handwriting is better than any other student in his class.

(3)使用最高级的结构一般为“归高级+比较范围”。这个比较范围内应饱含主语。如果比较范围与主语是同类的话，可以用等介词引出，如果他们不是同类的话，一般用引出。一般来说，形容词的最高级前一定要加定冠词，而副词的最高级前可以加也可以不加。如果要表示“第几。。。”，可以在最高级前面加序数词。如：

Among all the sports I like soccer best.

I am the eldest girl in my family.

15. (not)…until (till)

在这一句型结构中until (till) 引导的是时间状语(从句)，因此从句中不能用将来时，只能用一般现在时代替。如果主句的谓语动词或until (till)前面的动词是一个瞬间动词，那么该动词必须用否定形式。一般地来说until和till的意思与用法都基本相同，唯一的区别在于可以置于句首，而不能。如：

He watched TV until (till) his parents came back.

We couldn’t go back home until the rain stopped.

16. be pleased…

这个短语后面既可以另动词不定式，也可以加适当的介词。 加不定式be pleased to do表示“做......很高兴”， 而加介词 be pleased with / at / by......表示“对......感到很高兴，很满意。”如：

We are pleased to plant trees by the river every spring.

My parents are pleased with my hard work.

17. You should go out instead of staying at home.

Instead of 可解释为“代替，而不是”，介词 of后面可以跟名词或动名词。有时没有必要说出被代替的人或物，也可以只用instead

He stayed at home to read the book instead of going out to play basketball.

If you don’t want to go, I can go there instead.

18. I don’t like it any more.

No more, not any more, no longer, not any longer这几个短语都表示“不再......，再也不......”。在使用时请注意它们在句子中的位置。如：

She ins’t a teacher any more = She is no more a teacher.

College is always considered as a turning point in our educational career and life. I would use adaptationas the key word when describing my first year at college.

As we enter a new school, we first have to adapt a new environment and meet new people.As we leave home and move into the school dormitory, we need to learn to live and get along with other people who have different living habit. And as we start a higher level education, we need to adopt a new way of study. Teachers are no more like the ones in high school that will push us to learn.

Instead, we have more options and spare time to do what we want.

I am glad that I have overcome the difficulties and adapted the new life of college. I have achieved a lot more than I expected at my first year of college. First of all, I have made new friends who share the same hobbies and met new teachers who inspire me in all way. Secondly, I have become more independent. I have got used to a new way of study and often study different things by myself. I can take care of myselfwithout parents being by my side all the time. Last but not least, I have learnt to make full use of my time. I believe time management is a very essential skill in college life as we have more freedom than ever before. It has helped me not to waste time and turned me into a well-organized person.

My first year at college is excellent and I really appreciate all that I have learnt this year.

一、写作决窍

总体把握，要点齐全;人称时态，逻辑清楚;

关键词汇，动词第一;组词成句，结构完整;

组句成文，连词增色;此路不通，绕道迂回;

字迹工整，留好印象;从句适量，高分有望。

二、写作步骤

1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息，告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。

2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后，根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料;同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。

3.写完要点，但不随意发挥。

4.先草稿，后抄写。

三、作文案例

[2004年全国中学生英语能力竞赛初赛初三组] (14分)

Choose one of your hobbies and write an article for the school magazine about it. Tell the magazine readers.

·What exactly your hobby is;

·When and how you became interested in this hobby;

·Why you enjoy your hobby;

·About your hopes and plans for the future.

写作要求：

1.根据所提供的内容，适当拓展想象空间，灵活地将提供的信息体现在文章中。

2.条理清楚，语句通顺，书写清晰、规范。

3.词数60-80.

[学生解答A]

My hobby is read books①.When I was seven years old.I became interested in reading books.I like needing books because there are a lot of useful things in books.I can learn a lot of knowledge from books. Books also② can teach me how to be a good person.Books even can solve many problems for me.I will read more good books to improve myself.

①改为reading books，动词作表语时应该用动名词。

②also的位置应放在can之后。

[点评]：档次9-11分。

①要点不全，漏掉最后一个要点。

②句子基本无误，能正确传递信息给读者但文章不流畅，句子与句子之间过渡不自然，给读者感觉在回答上述问题。

③有少量错误。

[学生解答B]

My hobby is reading.Reading books is very enjoyable.When I was young ,my mother used to tell me a story before.I went to bed every night.The stories were so interesting that I always felt they weren’t enough.So I began to read books by myself.Little by little I became interested in reading.I can learn much knowledge and many interesting things all over the world.When I read books,I can enjoy the beautiful sentences.At the same time I can improvemy writing.I want to be a writer in the future,so I must study hard and read more books so that my dream can come true.

①开门见山、点题。

②真情流露，理由充分。

③文中带圈的连词使用得恰当，使文章过渡自然、

④巧妙使用句型以表决心。

[点评]：档次13-14分。

①清楚表达写作目的，要点齐全。

②语言表达灵活多样，字里行间流露出真情实感，文章有感染力。

③恰当使用连词和从句，语言流畅，且无错误，是一篇高质量的作文。

[高分突破]

①文体：记叙文。

②要点：what → when →how → why → hope and plan for the future.

③时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时的自然变化。

内容具有开放性，但它也是“控制性”的写作试题，因此不能随意发挥，要善于抓信息，写完要点。选用这两篇学生真实习作，一是因为他们选材相同，二是因为他们都是英语成绩优秀的同学。同学B灵活使用连词so…that,so,little by little,when,so that等，恰到好处地使用新句型和短语used to,became interested in,come true……等，使内容丰富，读起来优美流畅。其实这些表达同学A也会，只是缺乏技术加工。通过这两篇作文点评，同学们便能悟出其中的奥妙。

四、培养途径

1.根据老师布置的写作内容，独立完成一篇写作。

2.与同伴合作，交流自己的写作，通过交流找出各自作文中写得好的地方和优美的句子，合作创造一篇新的文章，供大家欣赏。

3.找老师点评，请求老师指点，尤其是怎样润色。

4.自己纠错，写下反思。

五、备考演练

A

缙云山是重庆著名的游览胜地，每天有大量的游客。请你根据下面提供的信息写一篇报道，说明现在的游客在环境保护方面的变化。

写作要求：

1.词数在100左右。

2.条理清楚，语句通顺。

3.开头已写好，但不计入总词数。

Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest …

B

阅读电视广告词：“If we don’t save water,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.”根据提示，写一篇60-80词的短文。

提示：

1.生活离不开水。

2.可饮用水在减少。

3.水污染严重。

4.应保护水源，再利用水。

思路点拨与参考答案

A. [思路点拨]：

①文体：记叙文。

②时态：一般过去时态，一般现在时态。采用正反对比的写作手法，增加感染力。

③写作目的：告诉读者保护环境的重要性。

Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest.Every day a lot of tourists come here to enjoy its beauty. But a few years ago,some of them paid no attention to protecting theenvironment.They threw their rubbish,such as plastic bags,fruit skins and waste paper on the ground.Sometimes they broke trees,picked flowers and killed birds. Some even made fires in the woods to cook food.How dangerous it was.Luckily,great changes have taken place here.Tourists are used to putting their rubbish into dustbins,and they are doing their best to protect the birds and plants as well.They bring their own meals instead of cooking to preventstarting a forest fire in the mountains.All these changes make us very happy.

B. [思路点拨]：

①夹叙夹议(说明现状，谈谈感想)。

②时态：一般现在时态。

③广告词的含义——水很重要，应保护和再利用(写作意图)。

Water is very important to humans.We can’t live without water.The water we can drink is falling.But some people don’t seem to care about it.They waste a lot of water.They pour dirtywater into rivers and lakes.Water pollution is getting more and more serious.So we must do something to stop the pollution.We not only protect the water but also find ways to reuse it.If we don’t do this,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.

When winter holiday is around corner,I have so many plans,but now I just like coughpotato. My sister and I sleep in the morning,my parents get mad at us.They force us to get up,we lock the bedroom door until we are both hungry.Ha... Because of final exams,our skin in bad condition,my sister said that sleeping is good for skin.Yeah,female do care about their appearence all the time. Afternoon belongs to friend.Call them out and go shopping toghter.We gossip all the people we know.This feeling is so cool,you may find that friend is so important in the world,no on can live without them. My day is simple.

1、Practice makes perfect.

熟能生巧。

2、Take care of the pence/pennies，and the pounds will take care of themselves.

积少成多。/小事谨慎，大事自成。

3、Swift to hear,slow to speak.

多听少讲。

4、Procrastination is the thief of time.

拖延就是偷走时间。

5、Tomorrow is another day.

明天又是新的一天。/明天还有指望。

6、Exploit to the full one’S favorable conditions and avoid unfavorableones.

扬长避短。

7、Promise little，but do much.

少许愿，多做事。

8、cripples learns to limp.

近朱者赤，近墨者黑。

9、Bend the willow while it is still youn.

修树要趁早，育人要趁小。

10、Knowledge is power.

知识就是力量。

11、Passion，though a bad regulator,is a powerful sprin.

激情虽难驾驭，却是强大动力。

12、Learn from other’S strong points to offset one’S weaknesses.

取长补短。

13、He than run fast gets the rin.

捷足先登。

14、We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.

井干方知水宝贵。

15、Our greatest glory consists not in never failin9，but in rising every time we fall.

人生最大的光荣，不在于永不失败，而在失败还能站起。

16、Ideals are like stars-we never reach them，but like marlners，we chart our courses by them.

人之需要理想，如水手之需星辰；星辰虽不可及，但可指引我们航程。

17、Youth’s stuff will not endure.

青春易逝。

18、A pet lamb makes a cross ralTl.

宠坏的羊羔会变成恶羊。

19、Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.

做最坏的准备，怀最好的希望。

20、Do not throw the baby with the bath water.

别把小孩和洗澡水一起泼掉。

21、Wisdom is only found in truth.

惟有在真理中才能找到智慧。

22、A stitch in time saves nine.

小洞不补，大洞吃苦。

23、An hour in the morning is worth two in the evenin9./The morning hour has gold in its mouth.

一天之计在于晨。

24、Where there is a will，there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

25、Broaden one’S scope ofknowledge and widen one’S horizon.

拓宽知识，开拓视野。

26、He that can have patience can have what he will.

惟坚韧者始能遂其志。

27、Thought is the seed of action.

思想是行动的种子。

28、As you give，as you receive./As you sow，you shall mow.

种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。

29、Every man is the master ofhis own fogune.

每人都是自己命运的主人。

30、Good health is the best treasure a person can procure.

健康是一个人最宝贵的财富。

31、Disappointment is the nurse of wisdom.

失败是成功之母。

32、The first step to knowledge is to know that we are ignorant.

走向知识的第一步是知道自己无知。

33、Home-keeping youth have ever homely wits.

孩子不见世面，知识少的可怜。

34、People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.

自己有缺点，勿揭他人短。

35、Give me where to stand，and l will move the world.

给我一个支点,我可以跷起整个地球。

我校九年级学生，有80%完全不会写作文，即除了“My name is XXX.”“I will. do，” 一个正确的句子都写不出来，剩下的5%也在以下方面存在一些常见的错误：

1、没有理解英语的基本句子成分是“主语”+“谓语”

学生经常出现主语跟谓语不一致，包括句子的谓语用得不恰当，谓语用词跟主语不搭配，一个句子没有主语，或多个句子杂在一起。

比如：学生想说“我母亲总是不让我看电视”，写出来的是“my mother always not be allowed I watch TV.”根本就是直接从汉语逐字翻译成英文的。

出现这样的问题，显然是由于句子的基本结构没有弄清楚。看来在今后教学中还要继续强调，并配合造例句练习。

2、动词短语搭配不准确

比如：“I’m not allowed watch TV.”正确的短语“被允许做某事”应该是“be allowed to do…”。

3、丛句语序和连接词问题

很不理解，为什么强调了那么多次，学生在写作文时，丛句语序还会写错？后者连接词和引导词也老师出错。对于连接词，我在讲的时候也感觉到学生没有理解。我讲解的方法就是把课文里面的丛句拿出来分析其语序和联系词，然后再讲相关语法点，最后举例子让学生造句。语序问题，我还会在将来碰到一次强调一次，相信会有效果。但是联系词我就不知道该怎么让孩子听懂了。

比如：“I don’t know that what should I do”“Could you please tell me should I do?”正确的句子应该是“I don’t know what I should do.”“ Could you please tell me what I should do?”.

以上这些问题让我对如何增强学生作文表达能力有了一个不全面的思考。我觉得，提高学生作文能力必须从七年级入手（小学重点在听说，只需知道what 和 how,不需求甚解；到中学阶段就必须知道why了）。

4、句子使用的句型单一

例如；在一次模拟考试当中英语的考试题目就是如果我当选了班长我会怎么做，做哪些事情，九年级五班的英语课代表张雅就一直用一个句型来写“I will do”，虽然全文当中没有一个错误，但因为句型单一所以值得8分，因此在老师教课的过程中还要不断的给学生讲 作文序加以变换句型且需对语句加以润色。

针对以上问题我以后在讲课文和精读篇阅读理解试题时，要注意以下两点：

1、利用课文逐句帮助学生分析理解英文句子的基本结构，即“主语+谓语”；

2、要求学生把有用的动词短语、名词短语以及插入语记牢记清楚。

3、每单元的语言目标，一定要理解并记忆。

4、是学生学会句子的变换使用，有必要时做些句型转换练习。

Communicating in English effectively is essential in todays global economy.

在今日全球化的经济环境下，有效地用英语交流已经变得至关重要。

But conveying your ideas clearly is a skill that needs to be learnt. Too often people simply copy the style of their co-worker and especially their superiors as they think this "good English". You see examples in your in-box every day - emails that are difficult to understand and that you need to read over and over again to get the message.

然而如何清晰地表达你的想法却是门大学问。太多时候人们只是简单地照抄他们眼中同事，尤其是上级写出来的“漂亮英语”。你每天都能在收件箱里看到很多例子——那些难懂的需要你读好多遍才能理解的邮件。

A big mistake is to pad out your writing with unnecessary words and phrases. Remember that the purpose of your writing is to communicate your ideas clearly.

一个巨大的错误就是用一些不必要的单词和词组让你的文章变得冗长。你要牢记你写作的目的是为了更清晰地交流你的想法。

Always try to reduce the number of words in your sentences and avoid lengthy phrases that can be replaced with a shorter alternative. Here are some examples:

总是尽可能减少你句子中使用的字数，避免使用可以用更短的词代替的长词。以下是一些例子：

*Instead of "prior to" use *before*

用“before”代替“prior to”

*Instead of "subsequent" use *after*

用“after”代替“subsequent”

*Instead of "in order to" use *to*

用“to”代替“in order to”

*Instead of "in the event that" use *if*

用“if”代替“in the event that”

*Instead of "with reference to" use *about*

用“about”代替“with the reference to”

*Instead of "state of the art" use *latest*

用“latest”代替“state of the art”

*Instead of "due to the fact that" use *since*

用“since”代替“due to the fact that”

*Instead of "not later than 2pm" use *by 2pm*

用“by 2pm”代替“not later than 2pm”

*Instead of "at the present time" use *now*

用“now”代替“at the present time”

Remember about organisation as well. Use topic sentences to indicate what each paragraph is about. In addition, keep your emails short. No one likes to read an email 10 paragraphs long!

同时也要记得文章有组织性。第一句话就要开门见山地点出你每一段要讲什么。除此之外，要控制你邮件的长度。没人想读一条长达10段的邮件。

By using simple words and easily understood phrases you can improve the clarity of your message no end.

通过使用简单的单词和易懂的词组，你就能最终提高你信息的清晰度。

铭仁园高三话题类作文常用短语与句型荟萃(一)----旅游&交通

本话题主要包括：1.旅游；2.描述一次旅程；

针对本话题，高考命题人员可能会从以下角度来命题。

1.描述个人旅游经历 2. 谈旅行中的不文明现象 3 .太空旅游、生态旅游 4.度假方式的变化及其原因5.旅游计划的拟订、准备及注意事项 一、话题常用单词

1. travel/journey/trip/tour n.旅游，旅行 16. a group/organized tour n. 团体游

2. travel agency n. 旅行社 17. a self-driving tripn. 自驾游

3. guiden. 向导，导游 18. destinationn. 目的地

4. flight ticketn. 机票 19. sceneryn. 风景，景色

5. passport n. 护照 20. disadvantage n. 不利条件

6. visan.签证 21. insurancen. 保险

7. identity card(ID) 身份证 22. interesting/ funny/ exciting adj 有趣的

8. tent n. 帐篷 23. enjoyable令人愉快的

9. camp n&vi. 露营 24. memorable 令人难忘的

10. hoteln. 旅馆 25. attractive/fascinatingadj 迷人的

11. necessity n. 必需品 26. boring/dull/tiringadj.无聊的

12. schedule n. 计划表，日程表 27. well-organized adj 组织有序的

13. tourist attractions/places of interest 28. convenient adj 方便的，便利的 /scenic spots/sights旅游景点 29. crowded adj 拥挤的

14. DIY tour n. 自助游 30. severe/seriousadj 严重的 15. space tourism n. 太空旅游

二、话题常用短语

1. go on a wildlife tour/a hiking trip

参加野生动物之旅/去远足

2. be on holiday/a trip to sp 去某地度假/旅行

3. see sb off 送行

4. pay a visit to sp/sb 参观某地/拜访某人

5. show sb around 带领某人参观

6. set out/off 出发，启程

7. check in 登记住宿

8. check out 结账退房

9. have a good time/enjoy oneself/have fun 玩的开心

10. broaden one’s horizon/mind 开拓视野

11. eich one’s knowledge丰富知识

11. experience foreign culture 体验国外的文化

12. join a tour group参加旅游团 三、话题常用句型

1. He who travels far knows much. 远行者见闻多。

2. Travelling can eich our knowledge.旅游可以丰富我们的知识。

3. Travelling enables us to learn a lot that we cannot get from books 旅游可以使我们学到很多在书本上学不到的东西。

4. It’s my pleasure to tell you how to get to the Great Wall. 我很乐意告诉你如何到达长城。

5. Welcome to Sichuan. I feel it an honor to be your guide. 欢迎来到四川。我很荣幸能够担任你的导游。

6. I will keep you company to visit numerous places of interest.我将陪你去参加许多的名胜古迹

7. A visit to Sichuan will be an unforgettable experience. 到四川旅行将会令人难忘。

8. There are many places of interest in Sichuan, such as…四川有很多名胜古迹，比如…

9. Sichuan is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world-famous places of interest.

四川有很多景点，并且享有很有世界著名的名胜古迹。

10. However, travelling may cause some problems. 然而，旅行可能会造成一些问题。

11. Great changes have taken place in the ways that people spend their holidays in the past decades. 在近几十年内，人们的度假方式已经发生了巨大的变化。

四、佳作欣赏

nick,将于八月来四川旅游，特来询问，有关旅游景点的情况，请根据，提供的要求写封回信，表示盼望他的到来

要点：1.旅游资源：许多世界著名的风景名胜，如九寨沟（海子：清澈见底，色彩斑斓）；都

江堰水利工程（2000年的历史，仍发挥作用） 2.相关信息： 气侯适宜，交通方便。

Dear Nick,

Im glad to hear that youre coming to Sichuan in August. Youve made the wise choice to travel here. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Projcet.

Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful. It can excite visitors imagination. Another attraction is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It was built over 2,000 years ago and is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Besides, the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make your trip more enjoyable. Im sure youll have a good time. Im looking forward to your coming.

假设你是李华，父母答应你今年高三毕业后去美国进行为期10天的观光旅游。请你给美国网友Lucy 写一封电子邮件，咨询以下事情：1. 不随团旅游的食宿、交通等问题。2. 必看景点与时间安排 3. 邀请她到中国观光。

Dear Lucy

How are you doingMy parents have just promised me to make a 10-day tour of America after my graduation from senior high school this summer, which will be a good chance for me to experience American culture and practice my oral English.

As I don’t like to join a tour group, could you please offer me some advice on where to stay, what to eat and how to travel in such a short timeI would appreciate it if you could tell the must-see attractions and the time arrangement. Your advice will surely make my visit enjoyable and worthwhile.

Welcome to China at your convenience. Looking forward to your early reply.

范文二：文明旅游

有些旅游景点的文物景观遭到了严重的破坏，致使最近文明旅游的倡议越来越受重视，因此就“游客可付费在仿造长城上涂写留言”发表看法。

内容包括：(1)谈谈对某些人喜欢在旅游景点随便涂鸦留言的看法;

(2)对专门修一段仿造城墙让游客付高价留言的做法你是赞成还是反对，并简要陈述你的理由。

It is reported that tourists to China’s Great Wall can now leave their mark on a fake(伪造的) wall recently built near the real wall in Badaling if they pay 999 yuan.

In China, many visitors have the hobby of carving graffiti on places of interest, especially on some famous cultural relics. Last year I went to the Great Wall and found many people had left names and ugly words on the Wall, which destroys many historic bricks. In my opinion, such people should feel ashamed of leaving their marks on the great relics which were created by our ancestors.

So personally, I quite agree with this brilliant project though it has caused criticism from some people. The Great Wall would be ruined one day if we didn’t take any steps to protect it. The fake wall is a really good idea because it will protect our relics as well as making profits from the project

As an increasing number of students commit suicide in university, more people are calling for psychological class to solve students’ pressure. For the students, they should also go to psychological teacher once they have great pressure which will lead them to do wrong things.

大学里自杀的学生越来越多，更多的人们要求开设心理课来缓解学生的压力。对于学生来说，他们应该在有很大压力的情况下去找心理老师帮他们缓解压力，这样大的压力有可能让他们做出一些无法回头的事。

To begin with, psychological class helps students out of bad situation. In college, students have lots of pressure mainly from study, the future job seeking and emotion. Once students have such kind of problem, they will become introverted and are reluctant to say it out. This bad situation lasts for a certain period of time and goes worse, that is, students tend to take their own life. If colleges supply students with psychological class, the situation would be very different. As long as students have pressure they can hardly bear, they will go for help from their psychological teacher who will offer some helpful advice to them.

首先，心理课程能够帮助学生摆脱坏情况。在大学里，学生的压力主要来自学业压力，未来的求职压力以及情感压力。一旦学生有这些方面的问题，他们会变得越来越内向，也不愿把他们心里的想法说出来。这种状况持续一段时间后会变得更糟糕，学生可能选择自杀的方式来得到解脱。如果大学给学生提供心里课，那么这样的情况会有所 改善。只要出现一些学生无法承受的压力时，如果学生向心里老师寻求帮助，学生会得到一些能够缓解压力的好建议。

Moreover, psychological class helps students to clarify their career goal. It is investigated that as many as 80% of collegians have no clear plan for their career and they don’t know what to do when they graduate. However, psychological class will help students to find what they want and guide them to make plans for their future career.

再次，心理课能帮让学生有更清晰的职业规划。据调查，大约有80%的大学生在毕业的时候并没有清晰的职业规划，并且也不知道他们自己能做哪种工作。但是，心理课能够让学生更加清楚他们想要什么，指导他们制定未来的职业规划。

All in all, college should open psychological class to help solve students’ pressure and also guide them to a better career plan.

总之，大学应该开设心理课来帮助学生缓解压力，指导学生制定更好的职业规划。

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Last a few days is very boring, you learn it in the database to read the book, although already behind the teacher and several chapters; experimental data structures do not go down, a big reason is because the midterm exam after playing, also play "thinking in trouble, just remember after the exam is devoted to play in every game... It came on Friday again, and it took two days to correct the habit of sleeping, but it came into the valley of learning. And now its still hovering near the valley. The video of a mess is not happy or unhappy. Its just like saying to the time: you are playing.

Read an article today, although the three students to write, but I have to say his discipline, his self, his courage to take this is my two immature do, and look back at our university life, I now in addition to the first project to the Nothing is right. And he had his own team, and he had 5 projects that he had done, all of which I wanted. I knew he gave him his insistence, but I couldnt even think about it, not to do it. In the article he mentioned how to use the resources of the University: libraries, networks, teachers, classmates. In addition to a little communication with the teacher, the library is poor, the network is misused, the relationship of the students. (I dont find the same teammate).

I want to restore my ambition, my ambition to pursue the seemingly impossible but I would seize the miracle. From today, from now on, to do everything with your passion, get rid of the temptation of every Saturday, or go out, shopping, blow. Stay in the lab or the library for a day on Sunday.

There are lots of things to learn, and many things to do. University life is the best time of life. Dont bury this time in the game, bury in the quilt, and bury in the beautiful dream. Believe that All sufferings have their reward. God helps those who help themselves. I believe that my life is different.

高考中的写作部分既限制字数，又要包含所有要点，且不能逐条翻译。如果写作方法运动得当，会有明显的提分效果。下面来看看小编为大家带来的方法吧。

一、 从词汇入手，强化短语写作

有研究表明，词汇学习可以促进英语水平的提高(文秋方，1998)。培养和提高学生的英语写作能力应从词和句入手，抓好基础训练。英语是结构语言，具有其自身的固定搭配、习惯用语和基本句型(陈立华，2003)。而《牛津高中英语》教材大量的词汇和地道的生活语言、任务型编排体系以及文本体裁的多样性，为“写”提供了基本素材。教师可根据不同话题的写作要求，采用不同形式的方法对学生进行写作基础训练。比如：关键词和短语写作训练法，即教师根据本单元的写作话题，每天精心选择2～3个词组或句型，让学生做翻译和造句练习;一周之后，让学生运用这些词组和句型进行写作。通过这种训练方法，既可以培养学生的写作能力，又可以提高写作的效率，还可以帮助学生掌握一些习惯用语和句子结构，从而提高学生遣词造句的能力。

二、抓好基本句型的训练，促进写作

书面表达题是由许多句子组成的，句子是写文章的基础。要完成书面表达题，首先要从句子入手，指导学生如何用句子表意。从语言形态学的角度看，英语属于分析型的语言，它有较为固定的基本句型、稳定搭配、俗成短语等，要想在写作中用好它们，必须加强这方面的基本训练。

首先，要加强五种基本句型的教学训练。几乎所有的英语句型都是这五种句型的扩大、延伸或变化，因此训练学生“写”就要抓住五种基本句型，熟练掌握这五种基本句型。五种基本句型是：S+V，S+V+O，S+V+O+O，S+V+O+C，S+V+P。五种基本句型虽然能表达一定的意思，但无法比较自由地表达思想，因此还必须对学生进行扩句训练，在课堂上充分发挥学生的想象力。

其次，加强句型教学，要对一些句子进行分析，增强学生利用各种句子进行一意多种表达的训练。

最后，充分利用教材，对学生进行基本语感的训练。

三、从阅读入手，培养写作表达技巧

阅读与写作密不可分，阅读是写作的基础，是搜集素材、学习词汇句型和新颖表达方式的源泉。因此，教师应想方设法把阅读与写作结合起来，利用教材训练学生的写作技能，在阅读能力的培养过程中融入多种形式的写作技能训练，将写作教学贯穿于阅读教学中。笔者采用了如下方法：

1.利用教材，开展改写

在完成阅读教学，学生基本掌握文章内容的基础上，笔者进一步指导学生改写文章。改写要求学生注意人称、时态、直接引语、间接引语、遣词造句和谋篇布局等方面的变化，充分理解课文内容，认真思考，写出语言得体、内容完整的文章。例如：《牛津高中英语》模块6 Unit 2What Is Happiness to You?的Reading部分是一篇以对话采访形式出现的课文，在采访过程中，嘉宾Dr.Brain以体操运动员桑兰的经历为例，谈到他对幸福的理解。在完成阅读教学后，笔者要求学生用第三人称写一篇介绍桑兰的作文，并鼓励学生引用课文中描述桑兰的经典词汇和例句。如：hard?鄄working, energet?鄄ic, stay optimistic/positive, in good spir?鄄its; She was happy to devote herself to gym?鄄nastics等。通过这些训练，学生既加深了对课文的理解，又运用了所学重点词汇，同时学生的写作技能得到了实际的锻炼。

2.模仿范文，鼓励仿写

写的过程实际上是模拟读者阅读的过程;而阅读也是模拟写作的行为(戴军熔，2002)。教师可给学生一篇与书面表达体裁和题材相同的范文，让学生通过阅读完成类似话题的写作任务。例如：《牛津高中英语》模块1 Unit 3 Looking Good，Feeling Good的写作话题是保持健康。笔者从英文报刊上选择一篇有关如何科学合理地减肥、健身的报道，先让学生在课堂上进行限时阅读，然后提问学生：Which do you think is more important，looking good or feeling good? How would you keep fit?Why?等。学生通过模仿阅读材料的结构进行写作。通过阅读带动写作，由知识的输入到知识的输出，提高了学生表达的条理性和连贯性，为学生提供了写作策略和技能。

四、培养学生用英语写作的习惯

“临渊羡鱼，不如退而结网。”如果仅仅掌握了写作技巧，熟背了大量文章，不亲自动手实践还是不行的，没有一成不变的文章让你照搬。《英语课程标准》指出：基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。因此，我们要遵循“一切为了运用”的原则，提倡和鼓励学生亲自实践，动手写作，用英语给亲人、朋友、老师写信，用英语写日记，或用英语写便条，写留言短信，还可以用英语与老师谈心或反映情况，或给老师写每周情况报告或总结。只有将所学内容适时地运用于实际生活，才能内化成自己的能力。

五、重视写作的规范化训练

起始阶段的写作训练，培养学生良好的写作习惯非常重要。首先，书写和文体格式要规范。严格要求学生正确、端正、熟练地书写字母、单词和句子，注意大小写和标点符号，养成良好的书写习惯。同时对各种文体特点、格式要清楚，使学生熟悉规范的书面表达形式，用正确的标准评析和规范自己的书面表达。其次，写作过程要规范。一般来说，短文写作都要有以下步骤：审清题目要求;确定写作要点;选好动词，搭好句子骨架;有效连接，使短文结构紧凑;认真检查，保证卷面整洁。对学生进行写作模式的训练，这样看起来比较麻烦，但避免了反复，养成了好的写作习惯。

总之，随着新课改的实施和近几年高考(微博)评分标准的完善，对学生的书面表达能力提出了新的要求。作为高中英语教师，在教学中要根据不同时期学生的具体情况采取相应的教学方法，灵活多样地开展英语写作教学，有效调动学生的积极性，定能使学生厚积薄发，写出行文通顺、流畅、有文采的佳篇妙作来。

(1)表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top ofthat，another，first second third等。

(2)表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，lat er，immediately，soon，next，in afew days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。(3)表示空间顺序的过渡词：near(to)，far(from)，in frontof，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，tothe right left，around，outside等。

(4)表示比较的过渡词：in thesameway，justlike，justas等。

(5)表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on theotherhand，onthecon trary，in spite of，even though等。

(6)表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，then，thus，otherwise等。

(7)表示目的的过渡词：forthisreason，forthispurpose，so that等。

(8)表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，withoutanydoubt，truly，torepeat，aboveall，mostimportant等。

(9)表示解释说明的过渡词：forexample，in fact，in thiscase，foractually等。

(10)表示总结的过渡词：finally，atlast，inconclusion，asIhaveshown，inoth erword，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，ashasbeen stated等。