浙江高考英语作文概要写作优秀20篇

文明旅游让我们努力营造文明出行的社会氛围，传播快乐旅程的社会正能量。下面是写文明旅游的英语作文范文，希望对你有帮助。

【预测作文】文明旅游

【猜题理由】有些旅游景点的文物景观遭到了严重的破坏，致使最近文明旅游的倡议越来越受重视，因此就“游客可付费在仿造长城上涂写留言”发表看法。

【预测题目】文明旅游

写作内容：1. 以约30个词概括短文的要点;

2. 以约120个词写一篇短文，就“游客可付费在仿造长城上涂写留言”发表你的看法，内容包括：

(1)谈谈对某些人喜欢在旅游景点随便涂鸦留言的看法;

(2)对专门修一段仿造城墙让游客付高价留言的做法你是赞成还是反对，并简要陈述你的理由。

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【参考范文】

It is reported that tourists to China’s Great Wall can now leave their mark on a fake wall recently built near the real wall in Badaling if they pay 999 yuan.

In China, many visitors have the hobby of carving graffiti on places of interest, especially on some famous cultural relics. Last year I went to the Great Wall and found many people had left names and ugly words on the Wall, which destroys many historic bricks. In my opinion, such people should feel ashamed of leaving their marks on the great relics which were created by our ancestors.

So personally I quite agree with this brilliant project though it has caused criticism from some people. The Great Wall would be ruined one day if we didn’t take any steps to protect it. The fake wall is a really good idea because it will protect our relics as well as making profits from the project.

文明旅游英语作文

Behaved Tourism When holiday comes, thousands of people pour into the tourist sites, they want to relax themselves and enjoy the beautiful scenery. But Chinese people have a bad habit, they like to leave some notes on the site, proving them have been here before. Such a behavior has been criticized by the public, because the leaving note will damage the preservation of the tourist site. Most of the tourist sites are part of our country’s historical relics, these sites are priceless, it is everyone’s duty to protect the sites. When we go to travel, we should behave ourselves. First, we need to have the idea that no rubbish being leaved behind when we leave the site. We should take away what we bring, keep the environment clean. Second, no any notes being written in the sites. Though in the old days, Chinese workers like to leave their names on the sites, but now it is a new world, we need to behave ourselves.

图表作文框架

As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart)

has been on rise/ decrease (increases/drops/decreases),有表格或图像可以看出。

significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______

to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes

without saying that _毫无疑问的看出_______.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for __这里至少有两个原因可以对_ X X

作出解释__. On the one hand, _一方面

_____. On the other hand, ______ is due to the fact that ________.

另一方面---的原因是。。。In addition, 而且

_______ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to

show _也许有其他原因要展示

_______. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are

commonly convincing. As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that

_______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

对于考研英语的应用文写作来说，考生平时复习时不仅要注意应用文写作特点、格式要求，还要有意识的掌握各类应用文的写作方法。考研辅导专家建议广大考生不要简单认为应用文的复习就是复习相应的格式，格式只是应用文写作的最起码要求，除了应用文特定的格式外，还要背诵一些经典的套话，在平时的写作训练中培养迅速构思成篇的能力，注意词句的多样性和准确性训练。下面，我们就针对应用文写作中的私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告几种形式介绍一下写作技巧。

一、私人和公务信函

信函是很重要的一种应用文。私人和公务信函是用以交涉事宜、传达信息、交流思想、联络感情、增进了解的重要工具，与同学们的生活、学习比较密切，也是以后工作中用的最多的一种沟通方式。所谓私人信函就是给家人、朋友或者同学等写信，谈事情的同时又交流感情，是四级考试(专业课历年考研试卷)中常见的一种信函，研究生英语考试(专业课历年考研试卷)中常考的是公共信函。所谓公务信函就是给亲朋好友之外的人写信，主要是为了办事，比方说给老板或是客户写信都属于公共信函。

信函一般都是由写信时间、信内地址、称呼、信的主要内容和信尾几个主要部分组成。收信人地址要写在左上角，寄信人地址要写在右上角，寄信人地址也可以不写，姓名写在地址上面，地址排列顺序依次为门牌号、街区名、城市和国名。在信的开头人名前一定要加Mr.,Mrs.,Dear等比较尊敬的称呼，信的结尾注意使用常用的客套话如：sincerelyyours,faithfullyyours或者yourssincerely,yoursfaithfully。英文书信写作要遵循五个原则，即正确、清晰、简洁、礼貌和体贴。

正确是指信中所谈的事情要准确、具体，不用含糊抽象的词如：本月、明天等。清晰要求的是主题要明确，层次要清楚，让读者看后了然于心。简洁是现代英语发展的一大趋势。书信写作要做到行文简洁流畅，避免迂回冗长的长句，使书信尽可能写得明白清晰。书信交往，同样需要以礼待人，因而在写信过程中，要避免伤害对方感情，措辞上多多使用would,could,may,please等词，要自然得体，彬彬有礼。体谅对方也是写书信时要注意的一个原则，不能以自己为中心，要尊重对方的习俗爱好，即便是拒绝，也要委婉而不失去友谊。书信的写作也要注意格式，避免语法、拼写、标点错误，信中所引用的史料、数据等也应准确无误。

二、备忘录

备忘录是一种录以备忘的公文，主要用来提醒、督促对方，或就某个问题提出自己的意见或看法。包括书端、收文人的姓名、头衔、地址，称呼，事因，正文，结束语，和署名，备忘录上一定要说明什么时间，谁写的？写给谁？什么事？并且正文、结束语和署名等项与一般信件的格式相同。

三、摘要

接着谈谈摘要。摘要分成两种，一种是文章摘要，一种是论文摘要。

文章摘要就是给一篇文章让写一个摘要，文章摘要是对文章主要内容的简练概括，内容上要涵盖全文，语言上要尽量简练。写摘要前一定要仔细阅读全文，弄懂文章大意；摘要涵盖原文的主要观点并与原文的观点保持一致；摘要应该简明扼要，字数在规定的字数范围内；摘要最好不要照搬原文，应该用自己的话概括原文的主要观点；并且注意千万不要照抄，也千万不要评论，只需要写出中心思想或者段落大意即可。

第二种摘要是论文摘要。比方说是大家写一篇学术论文，硕士博士论文需要写一个英文的摘要。相对来讲我们认为考论文摘要的可能性稍微大一点。写这种摘要时要注意时态和语态。叙述研究过程，多采用一般过去时；说明某课题现已取得的成果，宜采用现在完成时。摘要中多数情况下可采用被动语态。但在某些情况下，特别是表达作者或有关专家的观点时，又常用主动语态。英文摘要有一些常用句型，比如表示研究目的，可以用Inorderto……Thispaperdescribes……Thepurposeofthisstudyis……，表示表示结论、观点或建议可以用Theauthors[suggest/conclude/consider]that……。

四、报告

最后一种是报告。报告其实也分为两种，第一种是读书报告。比如读一本书或者看一本小说写一个读书报告。读书报告中首先要交代背景知识，比如作者生平，时代简介等，接下来对书的内容做一个简单的概括，与摘要不同的是读书报告最后一段可以发表评论。与摘要相同，读书报告也要注意时态，比如像科普类的知识应该用现在式。另一种报告就是书面报告，书面报告考试(专业课历年考研试卷)的可行性和可能性更大一些。书面报告与备忘录的写法很类似，所不同的就是书面报告一般是下级写给上级，它也需要交代清楚四件事：什么时间？谁写的？写给谁？什么事？

当然，应用文写作能力的提高必须经过长期的实践锻炼。在复习阶段，首先要熟悉不同类型的应用文写作格式，注意事项，写作特点等。其次要背诵大量的优秀范文，要整段整段的背，不仅是背会而且要脱口而出，并且转换成自己的语言，写作时可以随心所欲支配。再次，是要多动手写作，要写出属于自己的文章，多动手写作才能快速写出好文章来。写好的文章要注意检查，看有无语法错误，有无用词不当，能否用其他的句式表达相同的意思，可以让同学帮忙检查，让同学提一些宝贵的意见和建议。总的来说，虽然大家对应用文的写作还比较陌生，但是只要认真对待，只要花时间背范文了，花时间写文章了，就一定能取得理想成绩。

高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则一：首尾相应结构严谨

例：

1、(开头)在城市尽头，没有繁华的街市，闪亮的霓虹;在城市的尽头，只有破旧的棚户区，有饱经生活风霜的生命;在城市的尽头、有他们这样一群人。

(结尾)太阳从地平线上升起，照亮了城市的尽头，照亮了他们的生活。

2、(开头)站在塞纳河畔，可以触摸巴黎时尚而又典雅的脉搏;身处第五大道、可以感受纽约华丽而又绚烂的气息;漫步银座街头，可以领略东京古老而又现代的文化;停留黄浦江边，可以体味上海兼容而又独特的精神……

(结尾)我在无限的思考中面对都市，触摸它的外壳，也渴望触摸它的灵魂。但愿有朝一日它的内质可以像外壳一样美丽动人，但愿有朝一日那些虚假与轻浮都会变得真实与坚固，但愿是"云销雨霁，彩彻区明"，但愿我们可以重新触摸到都市那由内而外的如花般缩放的美丽。

高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则二：自然收束

例：

(开头)人生，其实就是一次过程，很多事，很多人，失败过，经历过才会懂，才会成熟。当失败来临的时候，不要伤悲，而应该看作是一次成长的机会，一次锻炼的机会。冲过去，会更美好、更灿烂的生活等着你，更会有一番成就感;如果退而不前，那只能迎来更多的失败，更多人生的遗憾。

(结尾)当我们快要走完人生路时，回首这一生，特别是那些困难和失败时，会觉得，或许正是由于这些，丰富了我们的人生，战胜、克服了它们，才让我们的人生更加完美无瑕。

高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则三：画龙点睛

例：

(开头)怆然的灾难，古来有之。然而历史由古而今谁可曾见过这般振奋人心，撼天动地的团结?《史记》有云：民与民同心，则家安之，君与民同心，则国兴之。在今天，这是人民与人民，人民与国家，国家与世界的携手，何愁家不安，何愁国不兴?

(结尾)青山一道，我们同历风雨，团聚一处。而将五洲四海的人们集汇在-起的纽带，也许，是这样的期望：为天下立心，为生民立命，为往圣续绝学，为万世开太平!

高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则四：使用诗歌

例：

流光容易把人抛，红了樱桃，绿了芭蕉。走在自己生命路上，有时很难看清自己是否走了弯路。不妨跳出来，调准焦距，才能照出最好生活。

高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则五：妙用修辞

2015年8月12日23:30左右，位于天津滨海新区塘沽开发区的天津东疆保税港区瑞海国际物流有限公司所属危险品仓库发生爆炸。 截至9月10日上午9时，①遇难人数：164人，全部已确认身份，其中公安消防人员23人、天津港消防人员75人、民警11人、其他人员55人;②失联者：9人;③住院治疗者：244人，其中危重症3人、重症3人，累计出院554人2015年9月3日24时，事故受损住宅处置协议共签约9420户。爆炸事故牺牲消防员家属获230万抚恤金。其后续理赔、事故追责等一系列工作仍在进行中。

2015年8月16日，李克强总理在“8·12”火灾爆炸事故救援指挥部召开会议，他强调，这起事故涉及到的失职渎职和违法违章行为，一定要彻查追责，公布所有调查结果，给死难者家属一个交代，给天津市民一个交代，给全国人民一个交代，给历史一个交代。这次事故伤亡重大，教训极其惨痛。国务院立即成立调查组，要彻查原因，依法严格追责、严厉问责、严肃查处，对涉及玩忽职守、失职渎职、违法违规的，要一究到底，坚决处理，绝不姑息。

2015年8月27日，天津爆炸事故追责结果初步揭晓，最高检通过新华网公布，天津市交通委主任武岱等11名厅官被立案侦查，并采取刑事强制措施。另有瑞海公司2名犯罪嫌疑人被刑事拘留、2名犯罪嫌疑人被监视居住，对提供安全评价报告的天津中滨海盛安全评价监测有限公司及相关人员以涉嫌提供虚假证明文件罪立案侦查。

11名被查厅官中，10人涉嫌玩忽职守罪，1人涉嫌滥用职权罪;其中包括天津市安监局副局长高怀友、天津港(集团)有限公司总裁郑庆跃，两人曾出席事故发生后的新闻发布会 。

评论：事故发生，全国人民的心都被深深地牵动，一个个鮮活的生命瞬间生死离别。他们在这场灾难中无辜死难，无辜牺牲。他们在在这场事故中，用永逝的生命为国家的生产安全敲响警钟。究竟是什么原因导致爆炸发生，为什么危险化学品的库房会设置在港口附近?造成了不可弥补的损失?试想，不是部分官员为了一己之私，怎能将危险化学品仓库地址规划在老百姓的周围?而如今，却让人们付出了生命的代价，才换来这血的教训。作为党员干部，要在其位谋其政，怎能为个人私利，不顾百姓安危?不顾百姓安危，最终落得是害人害己。

“贪污腐败”误国误己。我们一定要坚定理想信念，严守政治纪律，讲正义，讲正气，思想上与当高度一致，这是廉政文化建设的灵魂。树立正确的权力观，树立正确的幸福观，时刻保持清醒的头脑，洁身自好，守住底线，主动防范，堵塞各种制度漏洞而不是放任或者故意钻制度的漏洞，小处着眼，防微杜渐，筑牢思想和行动的防线，不给任何腐败行为以可乘之机。这样类似天津港时间才有可能不会再次发生，100多条生命才不会无辜死去。

据成都商报12月6日的消息说，近日，一条医生“炫富”的微博火了。认证为“泌尿外科执业医师”的微博大V“成都下水道”在网上晒出新买的一万多元一件的羽绒服，惹来热议。一些网友质疑，一个执业医师为何花钱如此大手笔，还有人认为，身为医生如此炫富恐不妥。也有不少网友认为，凭本事吃饭，没什么好喷的。不过让人大跌眼镜的是，次日该医生毫不畏争议，又晒出了自己的收入身家。的确，在目前的环境里面医疗改革不能盲目把医疗推向市场。就拿医院来说，奖金大幅度提高了，医疗圈收红包这种现象，也是支持医生这些职业有高收入的。

问题是在于医生这个职业在我们整个社会里，起着救死扶伤、悬壶济世、妙手回春、手到病除、枯骨生肉……不可磨灭的作用，是人类生存、健康、发展的基石和保障，可以说，父母给了我们第一次生命，医生是呵护我这次生命的领航员和守护神，被人们美誉为白衣天使，可以想象，在人们的心目中，他们的地位和作用，是没有任何一个职位可以替代的。然而在我们当今的社会，就医生这个职业与社会存在着许多的矛盾，并急剧恶化。对于近年来，媒体频频报道医疗事故问题，让大多数人都认为在医疗结构中，医生处于强势群体，患者属于弱势群体。

但在整个社会平面上看，各有不足，就先纵看医生层面，有很多医生没有准时回过家，没有准时接送过自己的孩子，没有休息过一天完整的星期天，面对病人病情他们兢兢业业地奋斗在自己的工作岗位，面对社会全心全意地为每一个患者去除疾患，这样巨大的社会压力，是常人无法体会和承受的，也因此他们很少能静心来与病人及家属沟通，使医生和病人及家属，慢慢对医生产生了质疑。对于前面新闻报道医生炫富，即便是不必过多的猜测或者质疑，却反而让人引发争议了。

面对这样“一掷千金”的医生，不免也让人感到“炫富”是虚荣心在作祟。在这个物欲横流的时代，年轻人面对的诱惑越来越多，金钱、利益、荣誉、面子，等等等等。而且在以往看到炫富现象，都会说由于长期不富，感觉压抑来凭借富炫炫，也是一种抗压心态。俗话说，富在深山有远亲，穷在闹市无人知。我想这大概表现出的是一种从富心理，但一方面羡慕别人的财富，另一方面心中却有一种隐隐的别样的滋味，嘴上会说富不过三代之类的话，表现出一种诸葛亮的未卜先知，这其中有羡慕、有嫉妒，也有一丝仇恨，似乎还有希望富人们早死的味道。

现在有一种说法叫“社会评价威胁”论，意思是说把自己的尊严完全建立在其他人的评价之上，一天到晚总担心别人瞧不起自己。为什吗会有这种担心呢?大概是现在社会贫富差距悬殊，社会成员之间越来越不平等所造成的，同时现在社会上到处讲“身份”，讲“级别”，也是这种担心的原因。对于富豪都是非常低调和自律的，不论是在社会事件的参与中还是在自我行为的约束上都是相对严格的，而时下的“富豪”的张扬或者炫耀，对公共事务随意参与是一种浮躁的心理，急于向世界表白的心态，这不是自信的表现，是一种骨子里的自卑心态，甚至是一种变态的性格。

然而，这炫富心理，古已有之。诸如像吴越武肃王钱谬年少家贫，迫于生计投身军旅，显贵后效仿汉高祖荣归故里下令将家乡改名为‘衣锦军’并在故宅修宫殿楼阁，并召集亲朋好友整日笙歌艳舞，令人到处传唱自己的《还乡歌》。汉项羽也有过一句名言，所谓是“富贵不归故里，如锦衣夜行，谁知之者?”话说到底，这炫富就是虚荣心在作怪，炫富心理是成功者渴望自己辛苦付出的成果得到社会大众的承认和肯定，同时又夹杂着一些虚荣和卖弄的心理。

但是，对于仇富是相对贫穷的人对富人的一种羡慕，嫉妒，又有吃不到葡萄就说葡萄酸的一种古怪心理，又有对某些富人通过不正当手段得到巨额财富而为富不仁的一种仇恨，又是对自己能力的不自信。 而如今，我们也迎来了这样的贫富差距，而且我们的贫富差距已经超过了国际警戒线，这种贫富差距的加大势必导致大多数没有获得利益的人仇视社会、仇视富人，继而引发社会动荡不安。而中国人的炫富心态，实际上就是仇富心态的前奏曲。有了炫富心态，却没有炫富的资本，就会导致仇富、劫富，这种恶性循环正在人们心里悄然发酵。

即便如此，无论是求富、媚富，还是为富、炫富，都是当今社会经济建设发展过程中所出现的不健康心态和扭曲的价值观的体现。富庶的生活是每个人梦寐以求的生活目标，但这一目标的实现需要一个长期的过程和正确的引导。在商品经济浪潮的冲击下，冲在风头浪尖上的佼佼者毕竟是少数，绝大多数人还在浪中里摸爬滚打。正如像邓小平通知提出“贫穷不是社会主义”的新社会主义价值目标和“先富带后富”的开放政策，这说明我们在倡导先富的同时，还应当更加关注弱势群体的整体利益，毕竟处于社会底层的广大民众需要国家和社会给予更多的社会尊重、人文关怀与救助。诸如此类。

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名人名言，指为人类发展做出贡献的，富有知识的名人所说的能够让人懂得道理的一句较为出名的话，也是我们常用的写作素材。下面是语文迷整理的有关励志、梦想、坚持的名人名言，希望对你有帮助。

一、励志名人名言

1、All things in their being are good for something.

天生我才必有用。

2、Difficult circumstances serve as a textbook of life for people.

困难坎坷是人们的生活教科书。

3、Failure is the mother of success.——Thomas Paine

失败乃成功之母。

4、For man is man and master of his fate.

人就是人，是自己命运的主人。

5、The unexamined life is not worth living.——Socrates

混混噩噩的生活不值得过。——苏格拉底

6、None is of freedom or of life deserving unless he daily conquers it anew.——Erasmus

只有每天再度战胜生活并夺取自由的人，才配享受生活的自由。

7、Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness.——R.M. Nixon

命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。因此，让我们毫无畏惧，满心愉 悦地把握命运。——尼克松

8、Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.——John Ruskin

生活没有目标，犹如航海没有罗盘。-- 罗斯金

9、What makes life dreary is the want of motive.——George Eliot

没有了目的，生活便郁闷无光。——乔治·埃略特

10、Towering genius disdains a beaten path. It seeks regions hitherto unexplored.——Lincoln

卓越的天才不屑走旁人走过的路。他寻找迄今未开拓的地区。

11、There is no such thing as a great talent without great will - power.——Balzac

没有伟大的意志力，便没有雄才大略。——巴尔扎克

12、The good seaman is known in bad weather.

惊涛骇浪，方显英雄本色。(励志名言)

13、Fear not that the life shall come to an end, but rather fear that it shall never have a beginning.——J.H. Newman

不要害怕你的生活将要结束，应该担心你的生活永远不会真正开始。——纽曼

14、Gods determine what youre going to be.——Julius Erving

人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为怎样的人。——欧文

15、An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding.——Robert Louis Stevenson

生活的目标，是唯一值得寻找的财富。-- 史蒂文森

16、While there is life there is hope.

一息若存，希望不灭。——英国谚语

17、Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.——A. Einstein

不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。——爱因斯坦

18、You have to believe in yourself. Thats the secret of success.——Charles Chaplin

人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。——卓别林

19、Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably.

不管追求什么目标，都应坚持不懈。

20、We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope.——Mattin Luther King

我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。——马丁·路德·金

21、Energy and persistence conquer all things.——Benjamin Franklin

能量加毅力可以征服一切。——富兰克林

22、Nothing seek, nothing find.

无所求则无所获。

23、Cease to struggle and you cease to live.——Thomas Carlyle

生命不止，奋斗不息。——卡莱尔

24、A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.

千里之行，始于足下。

25、Strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished.——Swetchine

只有强者才懂得斗争;弱者甚至失败都不够资格，而是生来就是被征服的。——斯威特切尼

26、The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them.——Bernara Shaw

在这个世界上取得成就的人，都努力去寻找他们想要的机会，如果找不到机会， 他们便自己创造机会。——萧伯纳

27、A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.——Thomas Addison

强者能同命运的风暴抗争。——爱迪生

28、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.——Goethe

谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。——歌德

29、Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.——M.Moore

胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。——穆尔

30、Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.

人往高处走，水往低处流。

二、梦想的名言名言

1、every life is a boat, the dream is the boat sail.每个人的生命都是一只小船，梦想是小船的风帆。

2、it is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday, today is the hope, but also can become tomorrow’s reality.很难说什么是办不到的事情，因为昨天的梦想，可以是今天的希望，并且还可以成为明天的现实。

3、to me, they hide in the depths of your soul; be a distant dream, every dream will exceed your goal.努力向上吧，星星就躲藏在你的灵魂深处;做一个悠远的梦吧，每个梦想都会超越你的目标。

4、how far you go in life depends on your being tender with the young, compassionate with the aged, sympathetic with the striving and tolerate of the weak and the strong. because someday in life you will have been all of this.你的生活深度取决于你对年幼者的呵护，对年长者的同情，对奋斗者的怜悯体恤，对弱者及强者的包容。因为生命中总有一天你会发现其中每一个角色你都扮演过。(乔治·华盛顿)

5、most of the time, our rich pocket, but poor head; we have a dream, but the lack of thought.很多时候，我们富了口袋，但穷了脑袋;我们有梦想，但缺少了思想。

6、the ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully 19 have been kindness, beauty and truth.(albert einstein, american scientist)有些理想曾为我们引过道路，并不断给我新的勇气以欣然面对人生，那些理想就是--真、善、美。 (美国科学家 爱因斯坦. a.)

7、dont part with your illusions. when they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live. (mark twain, american writer)不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。(美国作家 马克·吐温)

8、to accomplish great things, in addition to dream, must act.要想成就伟业，除了梦想，必须行动。

9、when you truly want something, all the universe conspires to help you finish it.当你真心渴望一件东西的时候，整个宇宙都会联合起来帮你完成它。

10、everything is now for the future of dream weaving wings, soar to great heights to dream in reality.现在的一切都是为将来的梦想编织翅膀，让梦想在现实中展翅高飞。

11、human nature is the most pathetic: we always dream of the horizon of a wonderful rose garden, not to enjoy today in our window open rose.人性最可怜的就是：我们总是梦想着天边的一座奇妙的玫瑰园，而不去欣赏今天就开在我们窗口的玫瑰。

12、faith consists in believing when it is beyond the power of reason to believe. it is not enough that a thing be possible for it to be believed.当还缺乏产生信仰的足够理由时，要用信念去包涵。模棱两可不足以支持一个信仰。(伏尔泰)

13、the dream is the other shore, the reality is that on this side, action is the bridge connecting.梦想是彼岸，现实是此岸，行动是那座连接的桥。

14、a heart will not be hurt for pursuing a dream, when you truly want something, all the universe conspires to help you complete the.没有一颗心会因为追求梦想而受伤，当你真心想要某样东西时，整个宇宙都会联合起来帮你完成。

15、dreams don’t abandon a painstaking pursuit of the people, as long as you never stop pursuing, you will bathe in the brilliance of the dream.梦想不抛弃苦心追求的人，只要不停止追求，你们会沐浴在梦想的光辉之中。

16、everything i do is just to weave my wings for my dream now so that it can hover in the real world.我所做的一切都是为将来的梦想编织翅膀现在这样可以悬停在现实世界。

17、the man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds. (mark twain, american writer)具有新想法的人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。 (美国作家 马克·吐温)

18、youth is to prepare the material, want to build a bridge to the moon, or on the ground and two palaces or temples. middle age, finally decided to put up a shed.青年时准备好材料，想造一座通向月亮的桥，或者在地上造二所宫殿或庙宇。活到中年，终于决定搭一个棚。

19、the important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. (johan wolfgang von goethe, german poet and dramatist)人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。(德国诗人、戏剧家 歌德. j. m.)

20、the pursuit of a cause of the people, can "dream" doing higher. although at the beginning of a dream, but as long as you keep doing, do not easily give up, dreams can come true.一个有事业追求的人，可以把“梦”做得高些。虽然开始时是梦想，但只要不停地做，不轻易放弃，梦想能成真。

21、the dream is not a dream, the difference between the two usually have a very worth pondering the distance.梦想绝不是梦，两者之间的差别通常都有一段非常值得人们深思的距离。

22、“two gates there are for dreams," said penelope to odysseus after his ten years’ wandering had ended. "one made for horn and one of for ivory. the dreams that pass through the carved ivory delude and bring us tales that turn to naught;those that can come through polished horn accomplish real things whenever seen."“梦想有两扇门，”在奥德修斯结束了十年的漂泊后，潘尼洛对他说，“一扇是号角制成，一扇是象牙制成。通过精雕细缕的象牙门得梦想不过是一场会归于无的海市蜃楼的童话;而那些通过磨砺的号角门的梦想才会成为真实，为人所见。”

23、who has the material to survive, people have a dream only talk about life. you have to understand life and life different animal survival, while others life.人有了物质才能生存，人有了梦想才谈得上生活。你要了解生存与生活的不同吗?动物生存，而人则生活。

24、the dream was always running ahead of me. to catch up, to live for a moment in unison with it, that was the miracle.梦想总是跑在我前面，追寻它们，乃至仅有一瞬间的与梦想合而为一，也都是动人的生命奇迹。

25、a person rich money is not certain, but if the man is not a dream, the poor people.一个人有钱没钱不一定，但如果这个人没有了梦想，这个人穷定了。

26、if winter comes, can spring be far behind ?( p. b. shelley, british poet )冬天来了，春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. p. b.)

27、as wishes may inspire dreams, so dreams may inspire wishes.正如心愿能够激发梦想，梦想也能够激发心愿。

28、ideal is the beacon. without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.( leo tolstoy, russian writer)理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向;没有方向，就没有生活。(俄国作家 托尔斯泰. l.)

29、it is at our mothers knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest, but there is seldom any money in them. ( mark twain, american writer )就是在我们母亲的膝上，我们获得了我们的最高尚、最真诚和最远大的理想，但是里面很少有任何金钱。(美国作家 马克·吐温)

30、plain ordinary dream, we used the only adhere to the belief to support the dream.平凡朴实的梦想，我们用那唯一的坚持信念去支撑那梦想。

三、坚持英文名人名言

1、Don’t lose faith, as long as the unremittingly, you will get some fruits. —— Tsien Hsueshen

不要失去信心，只要坚持不懈，就终会有成果。——钱学森

2、With strong will, is equivalent to the feet to a pair of wings.—— Bailey

有了坚定的意志，就等于给双脚添了一对翅膀。——贝利

3、Rome wasn’t built in one day.

伟业非一日建成。

4、Persistence will enable us to succeed, and perseverance of the source is to do not waver in the least, we should take to achieve the necessary means to success.—— Chernyshevsky

只有毅力才会使我们成功，而毅力的来源又在于毫不动摇，坚决采取为达到成功所需要的手段。——车尔尼雪夫斯基

5、Daily good, not afraid of thousands of miles; often do, not do things.

日日行，不怕千万里;常常做，不怕千万事。

6、Once they start they can always continue to cause people is happy.—— Herzen

朝开始便永远能将事业继续下去的人是幸福的。——赫尔岑

7、Although patience and persistence is a painful thing, but it can gradually bring you good.—— Ovid

忍耐和坚持虽是痛苦的事情，但却能渐渐地为你带来好处。——奥维德

8、Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

心之所愿，无事不成。

9、People lack the willpower, rather than strength.—— Hugo

世人缺乏的是毅力，而非气力。——雨果

10、No human can repel a firm hope.—— Kingsley

永远没有人力可以击退一个坚决强毅的希望。——金斯莱

11、Heaven revolves, the gentleman to unremitting self-improvement. —— Wen Tianxiang

天行健，君子以自强不息。——文天祥

12、As long as the continuous efforts, unremitting struggle, there is no things that can not be conquered.—— Seneca

只要持续地努力，不懈地奋斗，就没有征服不了的东西。——塞内加

13、Once you choose your way of life, be brave to stick it out and never return.—— Zola

生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地走到底，决不回头。——左拉

14、No patient who, who has no wisdom.—— he di

谁没有耐心，谁就没有智慧。——萨迪

15、It is dogged does it. The days of easy, but careless people. —— Yuan Mei

天下无难事，只怕有心人。天下天易事，只怕粗心人。——袁枚

16、Poor and stronger, not falling Albatron ambition. —— Wang Bo

穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。——王勃

17、We should have the perseverance, must have the self-confidence especially! We must believe, our talent is used to do something. —— Mrs. Curie

我们应有恒心，尤其要有自信心!我们必须相信，我们的天赋是要用来做某种事情的。——居里夫人

18、Determined to not firm, with nothing.—— Zhu Xi

立志不坚，终不济事。——朱熹

19、One day, the ten day of ten money, money. Little strokes fell great oaks. Dripping water wears through a stone.

一日一钱，十日十钱。绳锯木断，水滴石穿。

20、Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably.

不管追求什么目标，都应坚持不懈。

写作是最灵活的一种测试形式。写自己提前准备的表达是提分最有效的利器。下面是语文迷为大家提供的高分英语写作方法，希望对你有帮助。

一、“功能段落”突破CET写作

“To be or not to be: that is a question。”莎士比亚如是说。冲刺阶段，背模板还是不背?我的答案：背，但绝不是盲目地背。

整篇背诵模板不是最有效的方法，因为模板的写作思路是固定的，然而很多时候试题的命题思路可能与所背模板思路不同。因此，可能导致“所背非所考”，甚至导致文不对题，生搬硬套。

但是，无论四六级写作话题如何变化，一般都对应三个或两个汉语提纲。只要按提纲要求去写相应的内容段落，就做到了紧扣主题。历年写作提纲可以总结为六种功能段落：现象描述、危害分析(弊)、原因分析、建议措施、观点阐述(观点的本质为利弊：支持方观点等于分析“利”，反方观点等于分析“弊”)、意义阐述(利)。

下面，结合近年真题展示功能段落内容：

2011-06：Online Shopping

1.现在网上购物已成为一种时尚

2.网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题

3.我的建议

解析：本次四级作文对应四个段落分别是：现象、观点(利、弊)和建议。该类作文可以被称之为：观点对比型作文，对比的内容重点在利弊分析上。

2010-12：How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?

1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切

2. 为了让孩子独立， 父母应该……

解析：该题目只有两个提纲：现象和建议，可以添加一个功能段落：原因。这样这篇作文就是“三段论”的形式：提出问题(负面现象描述)、分析问题(原因)、建议措施段。2010年6月CET也属于该种那类型。

2009-12：Creating a Green Campus

1. 建设绿色校园很重要

2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境……

3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该……

解析：该段对应提纲如下：意义阐述(即分析：利或好处)、现象描述(解释绿色校园环境之外的因素)、建议措施段。

综合以上分析，六种功能段落已经涵盖住了以上考试的所有提纲。因此，如果能够掌握住六种功能段落的写作实际就掌握了四六级考试写作考题的最本质特征。那样的话，无论题目如何变化，我们准备都是有的放矢的。反观，死背模板容易导致生搬硬套，甚至文不对题。

二、写作短期提分方略

在了解了四六级考试在命题特点的基础上，考生在冲刺阶段最需要准备的是两个内容：思路和表达。思路解决怎么写的问题，表达解决写什么的问题。如果拿到一个作文题目，你知道应该按照什么思路去写，又知道应该写什么表达，这篇作文就已经成功了一半。

思路点拨：在本人所讲授的基础班、强化班、精品班等不同班型上都曾讲授到现象、原因、建议、利弊、观点分析时的逻辑：“一个中心，四个基本点”。具体内容：“以孩子(学生、事件)为中心，以家长[微博](老师、相关人员)、家庭(学校、管理机构)、社会、法规(道德意识)为基本点”。

试举例说明：以2010年12月真题为例，主题为子女教育话题。谈到子女，必然涉及到家长，孩子和家长组成家庭，千千万万的家庭组成社会，是什么在维护着社会稳定?法规和道德意识。这样我们就找到了可以入手去分析的五个方面：孩子、家长、家庭、社会、法规道德意识。如何使用这五个方面?比如分析家长溺爱孩子原因时至少可以从家长意识、家庭结构变化、社会背景角度去分析。

同理，2010年6月话题为学生英语学习，可从学生自身、教师教学、学校教学政策角度去分析。那么，如果主题不是孩子也不是学生，怎么分析?2011年6月主题为网络购物，分析时就以该事件为中心，可以想到相关人或物(买方：customers/clients/shoppers;卖方：online shops/stores;中间方：支付宝、淘宝等)，其管理机构(政府)、社会背景，相关法规是否健全等。

“一个中心，四个基本点”的分析逻辑形成一种立体化网状结构，考生运用该思维模式，只要能想到其中两到三点，思路问题即可迎刃而解。建议童鞋们首先将该思路背诵下来，以备将来可以在考场上灵活应用。

表达积累

表达分为四个层次：词句段篇。其中篇章层面只要按照提纲要求去组织文章即可，因此篇章方面不足为虑。段落方面按照“功能段落”的六种形式去识别，也小菜一碟。

词和句是表达的基本元素，也是语言质量的根本体现。在新东方教书的这几年中和参加四六级考试阅卷的经历中，看过无数学生的作文，深感学生词句方面能力的薄弱。同时结合过往教学中的成功案例，提出冲刺阶段表达积累的高效途径。

背写：思路+表达

很多同学考前也在背，背的滚瓜烂熟，脱口而出，觉得自己水平很牛!上了考场也顺利将文章写了出来，却得了一个很低的分数，为什么?因为单词都拼错了。冲刺阶段，请牢记：口头背诵得再好不等于能够写对。背写是提高写作和翻译唯一也是最有效的方法。

那么，背写什么内容哪?答案是思路和表达。思路上文中已有论述，遣词和造句的表达方面应该紧密结合功能段落来背诵有效句式和用词。考生不必刻意追求适用难词，但可以将常见词汇稍作替换：如，

exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换very;an army of/a great many/a host of 替换a lot of;advancement 替换 development; positive, favorable, promising(有希望的)， perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior替换good; give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause; harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that替换think; beneficial, rewarding替换helpful; bear in mind that替换remember; enjoy, possess替换have; shopper, client, consumer, purchaser替换customer……

表达精彩体现在三个方面：遣词、造句、连贯。大家可以结合以下例文感受这三个方面：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of To Help or Not to Help. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:

1. 帮助别人是一种美德

2. 但是帮助陌生人容易使自己陷入麻烦

3. 我的看法

首段阐述意义：In contemporary society, it should be a virtue for individuals to offer help to those who are in need. Without this morality, it is impossible for the society to be named “Harmony”. Apparently enough, it is of great importance/ significance/ value/ benefits for people to help each other, especially in difficulties。

二段描述负面现象：However, a host of people find it hard or troublesome to offer helps to strangers. We have been frequently informed that(A typical example is that) a warmhearted man —who lends a hand to an old lady—gets himself in trouble. Since helping others may trigger trouble, a few people refuse to offer help timely. And if we let/allow this situation to continue as it is now, we would not know where civilized society will be in the forthcoming future。

尾段我的看法或建议：As college students, we should bear in mind this virtue. However, it is essential that regulations should be worked out to support this virtue. In addition, it is suggested that we should offer aid to strangers in a safe way, such as dialing 12o or 110 for help. If we try our utmost to do so, the future of our society/ civilization will be promising, hopeful and rosy. (以上范文字数为202词，请自己酌情删减即可)

三、冲刺复习安排建议

总体原则：先背再写、阶段总结、适当模拟。

先背再写：基础较差同学一定要先背一些功能句式和教材相关范文，然后模仿该作文的思路和表达去写。背写的目的是积累语言表达实力，同时练习书写的公正和优美。建议书写较差的考生买本英语字帖练一下书写，也许你会有意外的惊喜。

阶段总结：每过一周就要问自己几个问题：所背诵的表达可以用来写什么类型的文章?该类文章的相关词汇或表达有什么?关键词如何避免重复?请记住：没有复习，没有巩固。

适当模拟：在熟练掌握背写了六种功能段落的思路和表达之后，可以结合适当题目在写作中运用所讲所背所总结提分词汇、句式。建议大家能够灵活运用，做到一例多用。比如我在多个班上讲过的关于英语学习的话题作文，可以写13次四级考试的作文。

题目：On English Learning

提纲：1. 英语学习很重要;2. 英语者所面临的困难;3. 如何学好英语

In contemporary world, English learning has gained great popularity and it is of great significance. (主题句) Firstly, based on a survey, a majority of tourists acknowledge that they prefer to speak English when traveling around the world. (调查法表述)Secondly, compared with the poor English speakers, good English-speakers are superior in many ways. (比较模板句式)

However, English learners may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in their learning. (主题句) For example, it can be noticed that a large number of students have difficulty memorizing words. Sometimes, it is difficult for them to understand the rules of grammar. In addition, though some are good at reading or writing, they can not express themselves freely in English。

Then, how to get a good command of (学好) this language? I am convinced that practice makes perfect. Only practice can enable one to speak and write fluently. And it is also through practice that one can master the rules of grammar and remember words, and there is no other way. (强调句式)

古人云：“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”人之初，性本善，当是与善人处，方能成一君子，然君子当以道济天下为己任，身怀浩然之正气，亦要将正直之种播洒人间。

故我认为，生长之初，当与善人所居，提升自己，长成参天大树;成树之后，当不负己所学，传播正道，荫蔽他人，回馈社会。

人初生之时，便如一张白纸，是其所处环境往上挥毫泼墨，方能成就一幅作品。然作品终有优劣之分，环境亦有好坏之别，好的环境能让人茁壮成长，心性健全;坏的环境能污人心灵、乱人心态。因此，优良环境对人的生长至关重要。朱元璋出身草莽，在其起义之后，于文人教导下仍能写出“百花发时我不发，我若发时都吓杀”之诗;方仲永年少成名，天资聪颖，于白丁环绕之下，终是泯然众人矣。与善人所处，确能使人如沐春风。

“风雨如晦，鸡鸣不止;既见君子，云胡不喜。”我们要积极地与君子接触，在优良环境下成长，于良师益友帮助下，成为才德兼备的栋梁之才。

论语又云：“已欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。”身为祖国倾力培养的时代精神，小富即安不是我们的志向，道济天下才是我们的目标。当我们面对他人之恶时，要认识到，不是所有人都有如我们这般优渥的生长条件，我们应包容他们，用德行感化他们。舜之父弟如此桀骜，仍能在舜的指引下治理一方。王守仁在《象祠记》中即提到，天下的恶人没有不能向善的，天下的恶人也没有不能感化的。苦读诗书十余载，我们要“为天地立心，为生民立命”，以感化他人为已任，改变大的环境，为祖国的后代创造更优良的环境。

要善个人之行，也要济天下之境，良好的修养来自优良的环境，良好的修养也能创造更好的环境。“他山之石，可以攻玉。”我们即要借他山之石，雕琢出自己的清亮;亦要成为他山之石，打磨其他的璞玉。青年者，人生之玉，成就自己，也成就他人。

杜甫致力于“致君尧舜上，再使风俗淳。”我们青年作为复兴的一代，也要承载前人的希冀与期望，构建更好的祖国。从身边做起，劝告亲人朋友，做有修养的人，让教化之光辉如同辐射一般四散开来，传到祖国的大江南北。

传到穷困山沟去，传到市井深巷去，传到凶恶之处去，在每个人的接力之下，将品德宣扬在世间，将学识播洒在各地。

今日之责任，不在他人，而全在我青年一辈，我们要结出芝兰之种子，将德行与教化在四处播种。斫去桂婆娑，清光应更多。

对未来不懈追求，是理想形成的动力和源泉。下面是关于理想的英语名言，供大家写作参考。

1.And love, young men, and venerate the ideal. The ideal is the word of God. High above every country, high above humanity, is the country of the spirit, the city of the soul.

青年人啊，热爱理想吧，崇敬理想吧。理想是上帝的语言。高于一切国家和全人类的，是精神的王国，是灵魂的故乡。

2.Between the ideal and the reality, between the motion and the act, falls the shadow.

理想与现实之间，动机与行为之间，总有一道阴影。

3.Ideals are like the stars... we never reach them, but like mariners, we chart our course by them.

理想就像是星星...我们永远够不着它，但是我们像水手一样，靠星星指引航程。

4.The ideal is in thyself, the impediment too is thyself.

理想存乎已心，障碍亦是如此

5.Its is the most pleasant thing in the world to struggle for a noble ideal.

世界上最快乐的事，就是为理想而奋斗

6.Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.

但凡人能想像到的事物，必定有人能将它实现。

7.Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.

理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向;没有方向，就没有生活

8.The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.

实现明天理想的惟一障碍是今天的疑虑。

9.High expectation are the key to every thing.

远大理想是开启万物的钥匙。

10.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.

人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。

11.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.

生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。

12.Life is not all beer and skittles.

人生并不全是吃喝玩乐。

13.Don’t part with your illusions. When they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live.

不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但虽生犹死

14.No man or woman who tries to pursue an ideal in his or her own way is without enemies.

凡按自己的方式追求理想者，无不树敌。

15.How we spend our days is, of course, how we spend our lives.

我们怎样打发日子，当然，也就是我们怎样度过这一生。

16.If you doubt yourself, then indeed you stand on shaky ground. (Ibsen, Norwegian dramatist )

如果你怀疑自己，那么你的立足点确实不稳固了。 (挪威剧作家 易卜生)

17.If you would go up high, then use your own legs ! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people’s backs and heads. (F. W. Nietzsche, German Philosopher)

如果你想走到高处，就要使用自己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和头上。(德国哲学家 尼采. F. W.)

18.It is at our mother’s knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest, but there is seldom any money in them. ( Mark Twain, American writer )

就是在我们母亲的膝上，我们获得了我们的最高尚、最真诚和最远大的理想，但是里面很少有任何金钱。(美国作家 马克·吐温)

19.The ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully 19 have been kindness, beauty and truth.(Albert Einstein, American scientist)

有些理想曾为我们引过道路，并不断给我新的勇气以欣然面对人生，那些理想就是--真、善、美。 (美国科学家 爱因斯坦. A.)

20.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. (Johan Wolfgang von Goethe, German Poet and dramatist)

人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。(德国诗人、戏剧家 歌德. J. M.)

21.If winter comes, can spring be far behind ?( P. B. Shelley, British poet )

冬天来了，春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. P. B.)

22.The man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds. (Mark Twain, American writer)

具有新想法的人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。 (美国作家 马克·吐温)

23.When an end is lawful and obligatory, the indispensable means to is are also lawful and obligatory. (Abraham Lincoln, American statesman)

如果一个目的是正当而必须做的，则达到这个目的的必要手段也是正当而必须采取的。(美国政治家 林肯. A.)

24.The dream is a kind of desire, think it is a kind of action. Dream is the dream and want to crystallization.梦是一种欲望，想是一种行动。梦想是梦与想的结晶。

25.A realization of dream, is a successful person.一个实现梦想的人，就是一个成功的人。

26.Dream no matter how vague, the total hidden in our hearts, our feelings never be quiet, until the dream become a reality.梦想无论怎样模糊，总潜伏在我们心底，使我们的心境永远得不到宁静，直到这些梦想成为事实。

27.Dream is the soul, is our secret truth ( Truman Capote )梦是心灵的思想，是我们的秘密真情(杜鲁门·卡波特)

28.Once the dream into action, will become sacred (, Ann Procter )梦想一旦被付诸行动，就会变得神圣(阿·安·普罗克特)

29.The dreamer is afraid of Destiny ( Thomas Phillips )梦想家的缺点是害怕命运(斯·菲利普斯)

30.A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams. (J. Barrymore) 只要一个人还有追求，他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。(巴里摩尔)

31.If you would go up high , then use your own legs! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people’s backs and heads . (F. W . Nietzsche , German Philosopher) 如果你想走到高处，就要使用自己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和头上。(德国哲学家 尼采. F. W.)

32.Have an aim in life, or your energies will be wasted.没有目标的一生注定碌碌无为，确定一个目标吧。——R.Peters

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

1.1词汇方面

如果把写英语作文比作建楼房的话，英语词汇在英语写作中起着砖、瓦的作用，是句子的最基本的组成部分，所以词汇是我们高中英语教学中的重点，单词听写是课堂教学必不可少的一个环节，但学生的词汇量毕竟有限，遇到问题时，便会用汉语词汇去补充英语词汇的空缺。

例如：交通十分繁忙。误：The traffic is busy. 正：The traffic is heavy.

她和一位教授结婚了。误：She married with a professor.

正：She married a professor.

英语词语的词义往往比较复杂，并和汉语有着一定区别。这种不同就会会导致学生仅把写作当作一词一句的翻译来做，结果是事倍功半。

1.2语法方面

英语中难点就是时态，语态的掌握。英语中常用时态共十六种，语态分为主动语态与被动语态，语气有陈述语气与虚拟语气之分。不同的时态有它特有的句法结构。如现在进行时态使用be＋v－ing形式来表示。现在完成时则用have／has ＋p．p来表示。一般将来时则用shall／will／be going to＋v来表示。英语中时间意义的表达是通过动词的时和体来加以反映，而汉语中不存在时、体等，汉语则依靠表示时间的副词（如“曾经”、“正在”、“已经”、“将要”）作状语，或利用虚词“了”、“着”、“过”等作补语这一语法手段来体现，动词本身无任何变化。在英语中，“already”和“ever”常常用在完成时态之中，不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。学生常常把上述句子错译成“Yesterday I have been to the park．”“Five years ago，they have known each other．”又如在英语中，我们常常用否定前置来

Dear editor,

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an

entrance fee should be charged for parks. 60% of us schoolmates think t hat an

entrance fee do not meet people’s expectations, for a park is considered to be a

place where the public can have a good time when they are not busy either a t

home or at work. If an entrance fee must be paid by the visitors for a park, it

will be necessary to build a gate and surrounding walls. In the end a city will

take on a bad look. 40% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee can be

accepted, but it must not be too expensive. The money from ticket selling can be

used for paying the gardeners in the par k and buying some other kinds of

flowers and trees.

With regard to myself, I think an entrance fee is useful, for it can be

used to protect a park. Do we share the same opinion, dear editor?

Yours truly,

Li Hua

百年之前，青年无悔，揭竿而起，爱国壮举洒遍九州大地;百年之后，青年担当，科学强国，爱国热情滋润海内之土。如今，国际形势变化莫测，国内机遇挑战并存，正是青年人摩拳擦掌的大好时机。吾等青年，当以青年奋斗，兴科技强国。

时代在召唤，青年应立鸿鹄之志，做奋斗强者。日新月异的今天，科学已然成为国际舞台竞争不可或缺的部分，想强国富国就需注重科技研发。令人捶胸顿足，受制于人的中国芯事件、中兴事件，引发国内企业哗然。这些都是我国的短板痛处，如若不补齐，后果将不堪设想。而青年一代，正风华正茂，意气风发，奋斗强国正是急不可待也。

回首成就，皆可寻觅青年身影。忆当初，长征7号与天宫2号对接的科研团队，随处可见青年大展身手;想当时，核聚变装置小太阳的科研人员平均年龄不过而立之年;念当时，首颗量子通信卫星墨子号的研发队伍多由青年组成。不胜枚举的青年，正不遗余力的为祖国添砖加瓦，谱写富强辉煌的赞歌。“羡子年少正得路，有如扶桑初日升”正是描绘青年如朝日，如猛虎之不凡力量。青年是祖国新鲜的血液，不计其数的中国成就有青年的贡献。过去和未来，正如催化剂一般，加速着科学的发展，国家的繁荣。

细看进步，都可发现年轻名册。改革开放以来，尽有青年彪炳史册。昔有陈独秀等青年，致力祖国。创办《新青年》，以科学民主先进的思想救国救民;今有林鸣等青年，用奋斗与汗水建成举世瞩目的港珠澳大桥，推动了三地的沟通与发展。许许多多的青年人都怀有一腔热血：尽一腹才智，强一方中国。正如梁树莫先生所言：“一个人一生都有他的英雄时代，此即吾人的青年期”。是的，在这豪情满怀的青年的英雄时代，吾等应加倍努力。扬科学旗帜，强崛起祖国。

于行为，青年须克服万阻，用奋斗，以科学强国。日益发达的信息社会，不免在带来便利的同时，也引来无数诱惑。网络原住民，草莓族，垮掉的一代等等标签也被贴于青年一代身上。然而我们要做的，便是克服诱惑，不断完善自我。匡正自我。以奋斗，以行动说话，以创新精神推动科学进步，国家发展。

青年正与祖国繁荣联系在一起，以传承与弘扬五四精神，来让我们共同兴科学强国。

导语：《平凡的世界》是中国著名作家路遥创作的一部百万字的长篇巨著;下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

《平凡的世界》是路遥老师创作的一部百万字长篇巨著,在70~80年代的背景上,劳动与爱情、挫折与追求、痛苦与欢乐、日常生活与巨大社会冲突纷繁地交织在一起。

1991年3月份《平凡的世界》获中国第三届茅盾文学奖。第一版于1986年12月在文联出版社出版;第二版于2012年3月在北京十月文艺出版社正式发行。

路遥(1949—1992)，原名王卫国，中国当代农村作家。

1.生活不能等待别人来安排，要自己去争取和奋斗;而不论其结果是喜是悲，但可以慰藉的是，你总不枉在这世界上活了一场。有了这样的认识，你就会珍重生活，而不会玩世不恭;同时，也会给人自身注入一种强大的内在力量。

2.我认为，每个人都有一个觉醒期，但觉醒的早晚决定个人的命运。

3.你能痛苦，就说明你对生活还抱有希望!

4.幸福不仅仅是吃饱穿暖，而是勇敢地去战胜困难。

5.我不啼哭，不哀叹，不悔恨，金黄的落叶堆满心间，我已不再是青春少年。

6.生活包含着更广阔的意义，而不在于我们实际得到了什么;关键在于我们的心灵是否充实。

7.不懈的追求生活，又不敢奢望生活过多的报酬和宠爱，而是理智而清醒的面对着现实。

8.什么是人生?人生就是用不休止的奋斗!只有选定了目标并在奋斗中感到自己的努力没有虚掷，这样的生活才是充实的，精神也会永远年轻!

9.生活啊，生活!你有多少苦难，又有多少甘甜!天空不会永远阴暗，当乌云退尽的时候，蓝天上灿烂的阳光就会照亮大地。青草照样会鲜绿无比，花朵仍然会蓬勃开放。

10.当然，普通并不等于庸俗。他也许一辈子就是一个普通人，但他要做一个不平庸的人。在许许多多平平常常的事情中，应该表现出不平常的看法和做法来。

11.命运总是不如愿。但往往是在无数的痛苦中，在重重的矛盾和艰难中，才使人成熟起来，坚强起来;虽然这些东西在实际感受中给人带来的并不都是欢乐。

12.年轻是一个中性词，它代表着很多缺点：缺乏经验、少不更事、容易冲动。但是也有很多优点，其中之一就是有大把的时间去遗忘那些不该记住的事情。

13.生命里有着多少的无奈和惋惜，又有着怎样的愁苦和感伤?雨浸风蚀的落寞与苍楚一定是水，静静地流过青春奋斗的日子和触摸理想的岁月。

14.生命里有着多少的无奈和惋惜,又有着怎样的愁苦和感伤?雨浸风蚀的落寞与苍楚一定是水,静静地流过青春奋斗的日子和触摸理想的岁月。

15.在这个世界上，不是所有合理的和美好的都能按照自己的愿望存在或实现。

16.生活不能等待别人来安排，要自已去争取和奋斗;而不论其结果是喜是悲，但可以慰藉的是，你总不枉在这世界上活了一场。有了这样的认识，你就会珍重生活，而不会玩世不恭;同时，也会给人自身注入一种强大的内在力量。

17.人活着，接得随时准备经受磨难。他知道不论是普通人还是了不起的人，都要在自己的一生中经历许多磨难。 磨难使人坚强。通过一段血火般的洗礼，他相信，自己历尽千辛万苦而酿造的生活之蜜，肯定比轻而易举哪来的更有滋味!

18.人生啊，是这样不可预测，没有永恒的痛苦，也没有永恒的幸福，生活象流水一般，有时是那么平展，有时又是那么曲折。要知道，春天的道路依然充满泥泞!人的生命力，是在痛苦的煎熬中强大起来的。

19.细想过来，每个人的生活同样也是一个世界。即是最平凡的人，也得要为他那个世界的存在而战斗。从这个意义上说，在这些平凡的世界里，也没有一天是平静的。

20.其实我们每个人的生活都是一个世界，即使最平凡的人也要为他生活的那个世界而奋斗。

21.人们宁愿去关心一个蹩脚电影演员的吃喝拉撒和鸡毛蒜皮，而不愿了解一个普通人波涛汹涌的内心世界……

22.钱当然很重要，这我不是不知道;我一天何尝不为钱而受熬苦!可是，我又觉得，人活这一辈子，还应该有些另外的什么才对……

23.命运总是不如人愿。但往往是在无数的痛苦中，在重重的矛盾和艰辛中，才使人成熟起来。

24.生活包含着更广阔的意义，而不在于我们实际得到了什么;关键是我们的心灵是否充实。

25.人和社会，一切斗争的总结局也许都是中庸而已。与其认真，不如随便，采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。有钱就寻一醉，无钱就寻一睡，与过无争，随遇而安。

主语+谓语+介词+宾语

We all agreed on the terms.

He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.

All these things are to be answered for.

主语+系动词+形容词

Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.

He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.

Your explanation sounds reasonable.

主语+谓语+直接宾语

I want your promise.

Have your fixed my watch?

This factory produces 1000 cars a week.

主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

He paid me a visit yesterday.

He owed me 50 yuan.

He wrote his family a letter yesterday.

主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)

I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.

I didn’t mean to hurt you.

He invited me to teach at a well-known university.

主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)

I often hear her sing the song.

The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.

Don’t forget to have him come.

主语+谓语+现在分词

I heard her singing in the next room.

We could feel our heats beating fast.

Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?

主语+谓语+过去分词

I must have my watch repaired.

We must get he task finished on time.

Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.

主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)

I suggested putting off the meeting.

They all avoided mentioning the matter.

We can’t help laughing at the news.

主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)

I can’t afford to buy such a large house.

Don’t pretend to know what you don’t.

He feared to speak in her presence.

主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语

Nothing can prevent us from going forward.

Thank you for your help.

He demanded an answer from me.

练习写好句子的方法一：合并句子

It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers.

Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden.

A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide.

A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.

作文一：

My mother has a pair of keen eyes which can speak. With her eyes,she observed my mood, gave me courage and made me strong. Therefore, I could face difficulties.

When I was a baby learning to walk, my mother always lent me a hand and encouraged me to get up while I fell down. As I finally threw myself into her arms, her eyes smiled with praise. Later as I grew up, I met with more difficulties. But whenever I was frustrated, my mothers eyes always

gave me hope and encouragement. Once I failed in exams, my mother encouraged me to find out the reasons. Instead of blaming me she pushed me to do better. At last I overcame the difficulty. Now I have grown up and become more independent, but whenever I come across setbacks, my mothers eyes are always with me encouraging me wherever I go.

我母亲有一双敏锐的、会说话的眼睛。那双眼睛能洞察我的心情，给我鼓励，促我坚强，因此我能面对一切困难。

孩提学步时，妈妈总是帮助我，鼓励我摔倒了就爬起来。最后我晃晃悠悠地扑进她怀抱时，她的双眼充满了赞扬之情。成长过程中，我遇到了很多困难，但灰心失望时，妈妈的双眼总给我以希望和鼓励。一次我考试不及格，妈妈没有责备我，而是鼓励我找出原因，提高我的成绩。最后我终于度过了难关。现在，我长大了，不用再让她操心了。但每当遇到挫折时，妈妈的眼睛总是伴随着我，给我鼓励。

作文二：

My mother has a pair of keen eyes which can speak. Whenever I encounter difficulties, her eyes will encourage me and help me cheer up.

When I began learning to walk, mother always lent me a hand and encouraged me to stand up while I fell down. As I finally threw myself into her arms, her eyes Smiled with praise. Aftei I entered the school, mothers eyes still encouraged me. Once I failed my Chinese exam, my mother helped me find out the reasons instead of blaming me. Now I have grown up and become more independent, but whenever I come across setbacks, my mothers eyes are always with me encouraging me wherever I go.

我的母亲有一双敏锐的、会说话的眼睛。每当我遇到困难时，这双眼睛总是鼓励我，帮我振作起来。

在我开始学走路时，母亲总是帮助我，鼓励我摔倒了就爬起来。最后我晃晃悠悠扑进她怀抱时，她的双眼充满赞扬之情。我长大上学后，母亲的眼睛仍旧鼓励我。一次，我语文考试不及格，母亲没有责备我，而是帮助我找出原因。现在，我长大了，不再让她操心了。但每当我遇到挫折时，母亲的眼睛总是伴随着我，给我鼓励。

不管做什么是，找对技巧很重要。下面语文迷网整理了英语六级的写作技巧，供大家阅读参考。

一、 长短句原则。

工作还得一张一弛呢，老让读者读长句，累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉?牢记!

强烈建议：在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短，且先长后短;在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、 主题句原则。

国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事!

特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、 一 二 三原则。

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1)first, second, third, last(不推荐，原因：俗)

2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐，原因：俗)

3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐，原因：俗)

4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐，原因：俗)

5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)

6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)

7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)

8)most important of all, moreover, finally

9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

四、短语优先原则。

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。

其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如：I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it. 这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。

比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospitable 之类的形象词。

再比如： 走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room 所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩!

六、 多变句式原则。

1)加法(串联)都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用：besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2)转折(拐弯抹角)批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语：despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3)因果(so, so, so)昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语：then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4)失衡句(头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重)有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。举例：This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：When to go, Why he goes away…

5)附加(多此一举)如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他;或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

6)排比(排山倒海句)文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

七、挑战极限原则。

既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀!原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. 如果你可以写出这样的句子，不得高分才怪!

同学们在旅行当中不仅可以领略美丽风光，也可以学习文化，但写好一篇游记作文是不容易的，同学们怎么才可以写好游记作文呢？

写好游记，要注意以下四点：

一、细心观察，手写心记

游记的写作犹如蜜蜂采花酿蜜，素材主要来源于游览见闻。细心观察，就是要抓住有特色的景观和对表达中心有重要作用的事物。世界上没有完全相同的两片树叶；事物的特色都是在比较中显示出来的。游览过程中我们就是要善于运用比较的方法，捕捉眼前的景物与其他地方的景物有什么不同之处。有些同学只顾热闹或贪玩，常常忽视景点中的人文资料，如神话传说，乡风民俗，名人轶事，诗词典故，碑文楹联等等，结果是丢了西瓜抓芝麻，写起？ 自然内容贫乏，索然无味。所以，必要时还必须心记手写，也可以回来后查看有关资料，以保证内容的丰富充实。

二、依据中心，决定取合

旅途见闻的内容丰富多彩，但是不可能什么都写进文章里。下笔前首先要理一理自己的思绪，想一想本次游览的主要感受是什么？确立一个中心，然后决定：哪些内容详写，哪些内容略写，哪些内容不写。题材的取舍，当然首先要选新颖有趣的内容，更要选有个性、有地方特色的材料，特别是上文提到的那些人文资料，不仅能使你的文章主题鲜明，中心突出，而且读起来更有文化内涵，从而使你的文章更有社会价值。

三、紧扣游踪，疏密有致

游记的内容往往多而杂，写出来怎样才能做到清晰而不繁乱呢？最常用和最简便的方法就是：移步换景。即以游踪的变化为线索，随着时间的推移和地点的转换，完整有序地写出重要的游览过程。当然也要避免写成一本流水账或一幅游览路线图。所以，写作中要用浓墨重彩突出重要的点，跳出一般性的过程交代，使整篇文章成为几个主要景点活动的有机组合体。为了使这个组合体结构匀称，我们还要运用一些穿插的技巧，将与景点有关的资料、数据等内容，通过游览者的交谈或引用等方式适时介绍，这样，就可以调整文章的结构，消除看上去有些部分“臃肿肥胖”、有些部分又显得“面黄肌症”的毛病。

四、写好景物，注入感情

古人云：文章是案头的山水，山水是地上的文章。描写名山秀水是游记的重头戏，写好的关键是注入自己的真感情。我国古代众多游记名篇，“案头的山水”绝不仅仅是自然山水的反映。作者游踪所至，美景在目，心有所感，形诸笔墨，往往物中有我，景中见情，不仅写出了山水的蓬勃生机和无穷妙趣，还能含蓄蕴藉。意味隽永地把作者的身世和人生理想表现出来，达到直抒胸臆、情景交融的效果。当然这不是一日两日的功夫，正好说明了好笔头要靠长期反复磨练的道理。

附例文：

游狼山

闻思月／文

我们南通是个依江傍海、景色宜人的花园式城市，狼山更是名闻遐迩。星期日早晨，我们一家三口前往游玩。上午我们先去了啬园，午餐后就直奔狼山。

一路上爸爸告诉我们，狼山古称狼五山、紫琅山，相传有白狼踞其上，所以又叫白狼山。据史籍记载：唐天宝年间，鉴真东渡日本，曾经过此山以避风浪。它位居全国佛教八小名山之首呢！

我们在车上远望狼山，只见一片翠绿，雄伟的宝塔屹立在山顶，十分壮观。不一会儿，到了山脚下，我们没上缆车，沿着花岗岩铺成的台阶向上攀登。山上人来人往，喜气洋洋。山路两旁古木参天，千姿百态，不禁令人暗暗称奇。狼山不高，父亲说才104.8米，面积18公顷，在多山的地方，根本就算不上什么山。但在南通，却是大名鼎鼎。真是应了那句：山不在高，有仙则名；水不在深，有龙则灵。

说笑间，不知不觉我们就登上了山顶。从山上向下俯视，马路四通八达，楼房一幢接一幢，江面上传着几艘豪华的大轮船，码头旁的大吊车犹如长颈鹿玩具，好一片壮观景象。

狼山因为落座在一马平川、沃野千里的江海平原之上，耸立在一望无垠的长江之滨，所以显得特别突兀高大。尤其是它山势陡峭，拔地而起，临江高耸，直插蓝天，气势更加非凡。登上支云塔，仿佛觉得不是站在一座百米小山之上，而是置身于九霄云外了。辽阔的江海平原，从脚下一直伸展到无边的远方；滚滚的万里长江，犹如一条闪光的缎带，从遥远的天际蜿蜒而来，奔腾入海；那海，那长江入口处的大海，更是水天相连，烟波苍茫，好一派江天寥廓、沧海浩瀚的壮丽景象。怪不得宋朝大诗人王安石来此，情不自禁地发出这样的赞叹：“遨游半是江湖里，始觉今朝眼界开”。想起萃景楼前两根石柱上的那副楹联：“长啸一声山鸣谷应，举头四顾海阔天空”。我们的胸怀也顿觉无限宽广！这样的山，怎能不名闻遐迩呢？

狼山之名所以闻名，更因为它和历史文化名人联系在一起。如唐初四杰之一的骆宾王，近代革命先驱、教育家、实业家张謇，就葬在狼山。又如法乳堂内的十八高僧巨幅瓷砖画像，出自南通籍画家范曾之手，同样令人敬仰。

傍晚，回程途中，妈妈感慨地说，一切为中华民族作出杰出贡献的人，人们是永远不会忘记他们的。——说的是啊！

快乐的狼山游，真是难忘而甜美的记忆。

点评：

这篇游记的一个突出优点是善于挖掘和引用了大量人文资料，从自然山水写出了人文内涵，写出了狼山与其他旅游景点不同的个性、特点和意义。其中的神话传况、名人故事、经史典籍、古人诗文、墓葬文物、景点楹联、地理数据等等，大大提升了文章的文化品位和阅读价值。作者记述游览见闻是有选择的，不是只顾自己的玩兴，什么开心就写什么(其实那天，他们在狼山脚下的水上乐园玩得很“疯”，文中就只字未提)，可见写作态度很认真：又因为善于穿插，所以结构匀称，毫无堆砌之感。文笔优美，语言精炼是本文的又一特色，作者从不同角度描写出来的狼山景色，都生动形象，充满豪情，又各有千秋！这一点也值得称道。

导语：当然，“书本知识”、“自然和社会”、“自己的心灵”，这三本大“书”并不是单独或孤立地存在着的，而是事相的“一体三面”，是互相影响，互相渗透，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

打从少年时代起，就曾不断地听人宣传和推崇“一本书主义”。那意思大约是，人生只要有一本成名作，便是获得一块敲门砖，足以敲开文途或宦途的大门，躺在上面吃喝一辈子了。所以，当年《伤痕》发表并引起轰动后，就曾有朋友半是戏谑半是羡慕地对我说：“你这可是一篇小说主义啊。”这话从客观上来讲似乎倒也不错，但那朋友肯定并不了解，此后随着年岁的增长，阅历的加深，我越发看重的倒是“三本书主义”。

何谓“三本书主义”?并不是我想写三本立身、立命、立言的书，以便获得三块“敲门砖”，去敲富贵腾达之门。而是觉得人生退一步从小处想，要做到不虚度，善始善终，全身而退，当读好“三本书”;而如果从大处着眼，起心动念自度度人，经国济世，就更得读好“三本书”了。

我所说的这“三本书”中的第一本“大书”，主要是指古往今来的一切“书本知识”。“三十而立”之前，我对这本“大书”最为情有独钟。尤其因为文革期间学业的荒废，思想的混

打从少年时代起，就曾不断地听人宣传和推崇“一本书主义”。那意思大约是，人生只要有一本成名作，便是获得一块敲门砖，足以敲开文途或宦途的大门，躺在上面吃喝一辈子了。所以，当年《伤痕》发表并引起轰动后，就曾有朋友半是戏谑半是羡慕地对我说：“你这可是一篇小说主义啊。”这话从客观上来讲似乎倒也不错，但那朋友肯定并不了解，此后随着年岁的增长，阅历的加深，我越发看重的倒是“三本书主义”。

何谓“三本书主义”?并不是我想写三本立身、立命、立言的书，以便获得三块“敲门砖”，去敲富贵腾达之门。而是觉得人生退一步从小处想，要做到不虚度，善始善终，全身而退，当读好“三本书”;而如果从大处着眼，起心动念自度度人，经国济世，就更得读好“三本书”了。

我所说的这“三本书”中的第一本“大书”，主要是指古往今来的一切“书本知识”。“三十而立”之前，我对这本“大书”最为情有独钟。尤其因为文革期间学业的荒废，思想的混淆，甫进复旦大学中文系，我便如饥似渴地找来古代和西方的各种典籍细加阅读。除一点点“啃吃”过《昭明文选》以及《战争与和平》等大部头著作外，还先后背诵过整本整本的唐诗、宋诗、宋词及元曲等，以为“补课”之举。作为这种阅读的收获，我在鲁迅先生的《祝福》的影响下，曾写成了第一篇小说习作《伤痕》。同时，宋人严羽《沧浪诗话》中 所言“学其上，仅得其中;学其中，斯为下矣”，“取法要高”，最高境界是“法乎自然”的话，也曾启发和鼓舞了我在而立之年后更好地去“行万里路”，花更大的气力去捧读“自然和社会”这第二本“大书”。

世间一切的“书本知识”，包括释迦牟尼、老子、孔子的书，以及马列、毛泽东的著作，归根结底还是前人或别人咀嚼过的“馒头”，是别的个体生命在特定的时空关系下对“自然和社会”的领悟，虽然可以给我们以种种启示，但毕竟不能代替我们自己的“个体生命体验”。更何况，唯有“自然和社会”这本“大书”，才是宇宙间最原初的版本，一切“书本知识”充其量也只能是它的“摹本”。读书又岂能只读“摹本”而不努力捧读“原著”呢?

为此，我先是在85年辞去文汇报文艺部记者的职务，下海经商;嗣后又远渡重洋，留学美国。其间，既踩过三轮车，当过书店经理，卖过废电缆，做过金融期货，也在赌场发过牌……而在牌桌上，我不仅“阅牌”、“阅人”无数，还从哪些固态的五颜六色的筹码上，逐渐领悟到“财富如水”的性质：“那一枚枚的筹码其实就是一滴滴的水，那一堆堆的筹码就是一汪汪的水，那一张张椭圆形的铺着绿丝绒的牌桌，则是一处处碧波荡漾的荷塘。而偌大的赌场，俨然也就是一片财富的湖泊了”。由此进一步想到，人类文明发展史其实也正是围绕着一张张赌桌展开的：每个民族和国家都是围坐在这一张张赌桌四周的玩家，土地、人口以及各种各样名目繁多的财富是赌桌上常年流转不息的筹码，贪婪是赌桌上最难以平息和抑制的“汹涌暗潮”，战争是赌桌上最容易“召之即来，挥之不去”的“腥风血雨”……

而今，当我步入“知天命”之年纪后，于“书本知识”和“自然和社会”两本“大书”之外，更感到还有另一本“大书”值得自己去认真阅读，那便是“自己的心灵”。长时期以来，我们总习惯了用自己的双眼去向外部的世界进行探索和研究，却忽略了对“自己的心灵”这样一个可能更广阔、更丰富、更深刻的内在世界进行内省、反思和阅读。一个仅仅醉心于外部世界的科技成果而不能经常“反躬自问”的人类，会是一个没有前途的也缺乏真实的幸福感受的人类。一个总是“随财波，逐物欲”，“人云我云”，而不能时时事事仔细阅读“自己的心灵”的人生，必定也会是一个短视的、焦虑的、放纵的、“残疾”的人生。同样，一个家庭，一个企业，一个政党，一个民族，一个国家也是一样，对自己的文化传统，对自己走过的弯路，对自己曾经犯下的过错或罪孽，如果不能深刻检讨、反省和忏悔，也很难有一个光明和美好的前途。所以，我几十年来——虽然还远远做得不够，总是在不同的历史时期和阶段努力耳提面命自己读好“自己的心灵”，以期能够抵制住权力的诱惑，金钱的腐蚀……

当然，“书本知识”、“自然和社会”、“自己的心灵”，这三本大“书”并不是单独或孤立地存在着的，而是事相的“一体三面”，是互相影响，互相渗透，互相促进着的“三位一体”，必须给以整体的观照，融会贯通的理解，方能帮助我们对外在和内在的“大千世界”一并“了然于心”。读“自己的心灵”，自然离不开前人或别人的“书本知识”的启发和“引路”，更离不开“行万里路”的经验、探索和研究。而阅读“自己的心灵”的过程，更是检验我们所读的“书本知识”与“自然和社会”两本“大书”，有否真正消化并加以吸收的最佳途径，同时还可以促进我们去更有的放矢地阅读更多的好“书”，以便更快更好地打破、砸碎和超越知识和经验的智障，让我们的内在世界和外部世界水乳交融地连成一片，进而达至“天人合一”的至境。

为此，我信仰并热烈地宣传“三本书主义”，并愿以一生的努力去实践“三本书主义”!

淆，甫进复旦大学中文系，我便如饥似渴地找来古代和西方的各种典籍细加阅读。除一点点“啃吃”过《昭明文选》以及《战争与和平》等大部头著作外，还先后背诵过整本整本的唐诗、宋诗、宋词及元曲等，以为“补课”之举。作为这种阅读的收获，我在鲁迅先生的《祝福》的影响下，曾写成了第一篇小说习作《伤痕》。同时，宋人严羽《沧浪诗话》中 所言“学其上，仅得其中;学其中，斯为下矣”，“取法要高”，最高境界是“法乎自然”的话，也曾启发和鼓舞了我在而立之年后更好地去“行万里路”，花更大的气力去捧读“自然和社会”这第二本“大书”。

世间一切的“书本知识”，包括释迦牟尼、老子、孔子的书，以及马列、毛泽东的著作，归根结底还是前人或别人咀嚼过的“馒头”，是别的个体生命在特定的时空关系下对“自然和社会”的领悟，虽然可以给我们以种种启示，但毕竟不能代替我们自己的“个体生命体验”。更何况，唯有“自然和社会”这本“大书”，才是宇宙间最原初的版本，一切“书本知识”充其量也只能是它的“摹本”。读书又岂能只读“摹本”而不努力捧读“原著”呢?

为此，我先是在85年辞去文汇报文艺部记者的职务，下海经商;嗣后又远渡重洋，留学美国。其间，既踩过三轮车，当过书店经理，卖过废电缆，做过金融期货，也在赌场发过牌……而在牌桌上，我不仅“阅牌”、“阅人”无数，还从哪些固态的五颜六色的筹码上，逐渐领悟到“财富如水”的性质：“那一枚枚的筹码其实就是一滴滴的水，那一堆堆的筹码就是一汪汪的水，那一张张椭圆形的铺着绿丝绒的牌桌，则是一处处碧波荡漾的荷塘。而偌大的赌场，俨然也就是一片财富的湖泊了”。由此进一步想到，人类文明发展史其实也正是围绕着一张张赌桌展开的：每个民族和国家都是围坐在这一张张赌桌四周的玩家，土地、人口以及各种各样名目繁多的财富是赌桌上常年流转不息的筹码，贪婪是赌桌上最难以平息和抑制的“汹涌暗潮”，战争是赌桌上最容易“召之即来，挥之不去”的“腥风血雨”……

而今，当我步入“知天命”之年纪后，于“书本知识”和“自然和社会”两本“大书”之外，更感到还有另一本“大书”值得自己去认真阅读，那便是“自己的心灵”。长时期以来，我们总习惯了用自己的双眼去向外部的世界进行探索和研究，却忽略了对“自己的心灵”这样一个可能更广阔、更丰富、更深刻的内在世界进行内省、反思和阅读。一个仅仅醉心于外部世界的科技成果而不能经常“反躬自问”的人类，会是一个没有前途的也缺乏真实的幸福感受的人类。一个总是“随财波，逐物欲”，“人云我云”，而不能时时事事仔细阅读“自己的心灵”的人生，必定也会是一个短视的、焦虑的、放纵的、“残疾”的人生。同样，一个家庭，一个企业，一个政党，一个民族，一个国家也是一样，对自己的文化传统，对自己走过的弯路，对自己曾经犯下的过错或罪孽，如果不能深刻检讨、反省和忏悔，也很难有一个光明和美好的前途。所以，我几十年来——虽然还远远做得不够，总是在不同的历史时期和阶段努力耳提面命自己读好“自己的心灵”，以期能够抵制住权力的诱惑，金钱的腐蚀……

当然，“书本知识”、“自然和社会”、“自己的心灵”，这三本大“书”并不是单独或孤立地存在着的，而是事相的“一体三面”，是互相影响，互相渗透，互相促进着的“三位一体”，必须给以整体的观照，融会贯通的理解，方能帮助我们对外在和内在的“大千世界”一并“了然于心”。读“自己的心灵”，自然离不开前人或别人的“书本知识”的启发和“引路”，更离不开“行万里路”的经验、探索和研究。而阅读“自己的心灵”的过程，更是检验我们所读的“书本知识”与“自然和社会”两本“大书”，有否真正消化并加以吸收的最佳途径，同时还可以促进我们去更有的放矢地阅读更多的好“书”，以便更快更好地打破、砸碎和超越知识和经验的智障，让我们的内在世界和外部世界水乳交融地连成一片，进而达至“天人合一”的至境。

为此，我信仰并热烈地宣传“三本书主义”，并愿以一生的努力去实践“三本书主义”!

青春多梦，每个人心中都幻想有一袭白衣，款款的向你走来。但最后，或是斜阳下的男女一起骑着单车，或是一个人独自趴在阳台上张望。如愿否，都会是青春的模样。只不外有的在回想里成了童话，有的在尝试里成了牵挂。

梗概没有太多的话语，让我们犹如路旁的白杨，对视而望，相顾无言。彼此相遇也没有搁浅，青春便是这样，过去的成为过去，疼惜照样不爱惜都要匆匆流去。青春多梦，我做了一个追梦的人，追逐的准备让人严重，台下的功夫总比台上的表演时间长。但梦碎仅仅一瞬，刻骨铭心的暗中顿时铺天盖地的涌来。终究要散，只是梦一场。

还记得你最爱百合花，皎白标致，馨香逸雅。百合盛开的时刻是我对青春完善的幻想，百合凋零时的销魂便如我的出亡。盛开时，野草在渴望。遥望天穹，你如明月，我似微星。大概，故事已经竣事。大要，从来没有过故事。你喜欢的是百合花，清新静好的百合花。正值青春多梦，你也有梦，百合花般的梦。终局如同擦肩轻嗅过的芬香，只是擦肩，所有的早已消散。如果真的留下些什么，那大概即是纪念。扑面而来的，永久不乱。眷念是你的礼品，而我小心翼翼去呵护珍藏。

这是一段插曲，青春很短暂，但陈迹却可以悠久。谁人青春不追梦?谁人青春梦圆满?空留下花瓣铺满小径，轻轻的，悄悄地，任轻风吹起，随意飘去。我爱这个时令，而今春暖花开，麦田里油菜花是青春的绘图，点点的桃花是青春的绘图，就连门前舒惬蜷缩晒着太阳的猫儿也是青春的绘图，一张张绘图拼成了青春，一个个故事都值得留恋。也许青春的季候有哀痛，可是青春却像少年蛮吉一样顽强。你有你的哀痛，如同三月的桃花在雨中消亡，我有我的哀愁，如同寒秋的簇菊向晨霜投降。在青春里，悲痛是暂时的，哀愁也不会常往。雨滴滑过的天穹，在阳光下更加清灵。站在高高的颠峰上，静静期待着日出的情景，这一切都会开花，朵朵红艳灿若早霞。这一切都会过去，雁阵南归月洒湖江。轻轻抖掉落在身上的悲戚，细致拍打着它搁浅过的处所，如果你抖落不掉，那又何必沮丧。脱掉这久了的外衣，用新衣服把爱好裹藏。青春是一首舞曲，悲痛不是全部，欢欣才是高潮。

本就朴素，为何要服装华美的容妆?本就应该直来直往，敢拿敢放，为何还要忧伤?多梦的青春，每个人都曾经刻画过心中的天国。青春，让你尝试，让你幻想。青春，给你泪水，给你欢笑。追梦的青春给你引航，不履历荒草烟灰的破败，你就不会探求绿瓦白墙、木门深窗的锦坊!青春会消逝，但回想却可以不朽。

不知道什么时候，窗外的雨已经淅淅沥沥，溅起的水花像盛开的百合花，敛裳走近了打湿了的窗，梦初醒，青春不悔，哪怕苍凉!青春便是这样，它何曾恐惧过雨的凄凉，哪怕雨水曾经弄湿了眼眶。