浙江高考英语作文概要写作（精彩20篇）

导语：寂寞，让你能够听到更多的声音。而孤独，让你听到自己的内心。那一刻，意味着你已经告别了寂寞。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的写作素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

把心迹写成随笔，写下的是寂寞;走过泥泞的道路，留下的是寂寞;哼着自编的歌曲，唱出的是寂寞;欣赏一篇好文章，品到的是寂寞;思索一件小事，想到的是寂寞;捧起晶亮的雨滴，留在心中的还是寂寞。

寂寞似酒，需品才能察觉它的内在。

寂寞如诗，需感才能发现它懂得内涵。

不管寂寞是酒还是诗，不管它是好还是坏，寂寞是一种灵感，一种妙不可言的美。

一直以来，寂寞就占据我的心怀，凭着一种共同的节拍，但是奇怪，我惟独不能感觉到它的存在，或者由于悲哀，抑或是习惯，对寂寞的到来，再也没有力量去关怀。

心境平和的海面，片刻的柔和，片刻的憔悴，片刻的寂寞，片刻波光弧影的微笑。

但，我想告别寂寞，虽然它是一份美，但我不能永远都沉睡再寂寞中，我会醒来的，只是时间问题而已。可是我还没有醒来，所以我依旧寂寞，正因为如此，我想告别寂寞。

法国哲学家帕斯卡说过："人的所有不快乐，都是因为他无法独自待在房间里"。

我想告别寂寞，却不知道迎来了孤独。

然而，当你年长一点，你会学懂去享受孤独，正如你学懂了寂寞。

寂寞，让你能够听到更多的声音。而孤独，让你听到自己的内心。那一刻，意味着你已经告别了寂寞。

我感觉到：寂寞正在慢慢消逝，成为往事，成为记忆，它闪耀不定的微笑，浮动在一层层的泪水里。

我感觉到：寂寞和孤独，隔着长长的一生，心和心，要经过多少岁月，才能告别寂寞而不迎来孤独。

夜色在身后合拢，寂寞走向星空，成为一个无解的谜，一颗冰凉的泪点，挂在永恒的脸上，躲在我残存的梦中。

寂寞是什么......

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

In order to provide a good guidance and reference for nearly 1000 senior high graduates in our school, the Student Union made a survey on the filling applications for the college entrance examinations among the previous year graduates. According to the statistics of the survey, half of the graduates accepted their teachers’ suggestions for the reason that teachers have a better understanding of their interests, specialties and schooling experiences. 35% of the graduates followed their parents advice as they are used to obeying their arrangements and trusted their decision. 10% of the graduates preferred to make an independent choice as they hold that nobody know them better than themselves and since it is their rights to fill applications they hope to win respect from teachers and parents. The remaining 5% just made their choices accordingly after they got the results of the final published scores and ranking.

一、常规结构方法

1.记叙文结构比较灵活，开头、结尾、过渡，都有一定的讲究。如开头的方式有：开门见山式、设置悬念式、气氛渲染式、环境描述式、结果交代式等;结尾的方式有：呼应开头式、议论抒情式、自然结束式、戛然而止式等;构思的方法有：欲扬先抑法、埋下伏笔法、正反衬托法、虚实相应法、误会巧合法、设置悬念法等。

2.议论文结构一般有引论——本论——结论。引论的方式有：揭示论点式、引用名言式、设问启示式、叙述事实式、对比争议式、描述靶子式等;本论的方式有：分论点并列式、层层递进式、正反对照式;结论的方式有：卒章明志式、问题启发式、希望号召式等。

3.说明文结构一般为“总分总”或“总分”“分总”式。说明对象不同，说明展开的方式也常常不同。如动态说明常用时间顺序，静态说明常用空间顺序，事理说明常用逻辑顺序，可以用因果式、分类式、比较式、层进式等方式说明。

二、创新结构方法

1.片段结构

文章在结构上由看似独立的几个片段又能围绕同一主题而展开。

这种片段结构的主要特点是结构自由，可以避免起承转合，平铺直叙，使写作更为便利、容易;各片段相对独立，但又可以从不同角度，不同侧面来描述人物、事件，表达主题，丰富了文章的内容;表达形式更为自由灵活。

如作文《大自然三章》就是以片段结构的形式，将自然中的“鸟的心事”“蓝天的担忧”“鱼儿的规劝”的感慨组合成文，表达了对人与自然和谐相处的期望。

2.借用文体

写话题作文时文体不限，这时借用一些特殊的文体表现主题，往往能出奇制胜。这些特殊的体裁包括某些文学体裁，如小说、寓言、戏剧、童话、杂文等;某些应用文体如讲演稿、书信、日记、采访录、调查报告、现场演播、新闻报道以及某些领域内所专用的文体，如医疗诊断书、说明书、广告、调查报告、判决书、招标书等等。

考生可以根据自己的爱好与擅长来选择文体，扬长避短，取得创新的效果。这方面的例子很多，均因结构有新意，被评为满分作文或一类作文。

例如广东省一位考生以猪八戒奋不顾身下井救小孩为被评论对象，让代表社会上种种不正确名利观的“嘉宾”一一亮相，以现场演播的形式演绎主题。作者设计的现场为“敢讲敢说”演播室，主持人为“崔人进”，主题为“猪八戒能否得2017年度感动心灵奖”，“嘉宾”为“感动评委会成员、八戒亲友团、各界代表”，还特别注明“唐僧师徒亲自出席，高老庄乡亲组成了亲友团，嫦娥作为评委出席”，开始时还“先看大屏幕”，作为现场演播的程序都出现在文章中，给人以强烈的现场感。读后，我们仿佛置身于电视转播现场，被文章独特新颖的表现形式所深深吸引。

3.故事新编

故事新编就是对人们熟悉的经典故事进行改造，在原有情节的基础上再创作、加工，即对原故事进行改写、续写，或者借用历史人物、经典故事中的人物形象来表达现实生活的内容和主题。采用这种方法的好处是，取材便利，方便构思，易于出新;可以起到借古喻今的效果，使文章显得轻松、风趣。

如《新愚公和智叟的故事》一文，作者将一个尽人皆知的故事加以改造，构思颇为新颖、巧妙。湖南考生写的《西游记后传》，作者将西游记进行了一番续写与改写，演绎了师徒四人取经的离奇故事，文章把大唐灭亡的原因归咎于唐玄宗没有读取回来的真经，故事新颖，立意深远，实在是一篇绝妙的佳作。

4.特殊的视角

观察的角度不同，会有不同的效果。所以我们可以采用一些特殊的视角来叙述故事，表达主题。特殊的视角是指普通人以外的特殊人物，或者动物、植物等人类以外的事物的视角。另外，还可以选择多主体视角，比如一个故事设几个主人公，每个人都站出来表述这个故事。采用特殊视角可以使文章达到新奇的效果，造成一种新鲜感，使描写不落俗套，令人耳目一新。

例如广东的一位考生写的《月光下的一只孤老虎》一文，作者采用特殊视角，以一只老虎的口吻自述悲剧，引起人们对野生动物生存环境的关注。贵州的一位考生写的《给地球人的一封公开信》一文，作者采用特殊的视角，以特殊主体——外星人的口吻叙事议论，表明对人类破坏环境的尖锐批评。

5.镜头式结构

有些作文材料并不新鲜，但一些聪明的同学能借助电影蒙太奇的手法，通过镜头组合、画面切换以及画外音等形式来展示作文丰富的内涵。这样的文章往往因形式的新颖、结构的巧妙而平中见奇，令人耳目一新。

比如，题为《生活中的亮点》的作文：文章运用蒙太奇的表现手法，剪切生活中四个镜头来表现“亮”。作者将生活中的四个场景，分别标示出地点(小巷中——街头——商店中——回家路上)，就像一部电影剧本，新颖的结构形式，给人以全新的感觉。镜头式结构，往往能减少过渡及铺垫文字，有利于集中笔墨叙述事件、刻画人物，从而使文章主题更集中，节奏更明快。

6.问答式结构

以“提问”和“回答”来组成文章，新鲜别致。其中的“问”实际是作者的提问，组成文章的纲目;其中的“答”，就是文章的主体，这样的结构，可以设计成互问互答，也可以设计成自问自答。

比如，题为《挫折四问》的作文，作者以四问四答的形式布控全文结构，“挫折是什么”“挫折真的存在吗”“挫折与成功的界限在哪里”“挫折给我什么启示”四个“问”形成了一个逐层深入的议论阶梯，使得文章结构井然，给人一气呵成之感。

7.一线串珠式结构

面对复杂的事情、繁多的内容，最有效的方式莫过于用一条线索把有关材料贯串起来，使之浑然一体。这个线索，可以是某个人，可以是某一事物，可以是某一事件，也可以是人物思想感情的发展变化，或者是时间的推移、地点的转换等等。

作文线索的设置，要注意两点：一是所设置的线索，要能联系文章各部分，把组织材料和表达主题统一起来;二是线索要有始有终，贯串到底。

There is no consensus [knsenss] 一致of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion(观念) is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测

一、特殊化，陈材新用

生活中的反常(特殊)现象，容易产生轰动效应。由此，如果作文也写一些“反常(特殊)现象”，既满足了“读者”的好奇心，又能拿到高分，何乐而不为呢?如2008年上海作文题是“他们”，不少学生都选取了城里农民工这一群体，可有一位考生却写农民工的子女，选材角度新颖，获得了该年度惟一的满分。这位考生的办法就是把素材中的“人”要素特殊化了，收效很明显。请看例子：

(1)我迷上了电脑——奶奶迷上了电脑(人物特殊化)

(2)我跟爸爸看表演——我骑在爸爸肩上看表演(方式特殊化)

(3)县长巡视保密室——县长被挡在保密室外。(事件特殊化)

(4)学校里响起了歌声——村头广场响起了歌声。(地点特殊化)

二、设细节，粗材妙用

不少考生要么感到自己生活平平淡淡，波澜不惊，实在不能求新求异;要么有了新鲜的素材，却因为表述笼统而不能打动人心。存在这些情况怎么办?将素材的闪光点用“慢镜头”语言充分展示，动人的细节自会传递出感人的力量地。写考试失利的文章很多，但多清汤寡水，无滋无味，看下面的例子：

苏格拉底喝下绿色的毒酒;伽利略软禁在不见天日的室内细细擦拭着望远镜;居里夫人在实验室吐出一口鲜血，染红了操作台……政治打压、宗教迫害、放射性毒素侵害……科学家们不顾这些，他们坚持真理，拖着历史的车轮向着正确的方向滚动。

这位考生没有罗列科学家们的成就，而是将历史人物放入特定场景，描述他们在困境中坚守之姿，当镜头语言在时空中横扫，我们油然而生对伟人的无限敬仰之情。

其实，“慢镜头”语言就是给历史人物创设一个场景——何时、何地、何景，人物在这样的场景中何为，尤其要将人物的动作和神情细致描绘。当笔力集中于此，寥寥数语亦足以动人心魄。

因此，平时作文中，在平凡平淡的素材中有意识地;加入这样的“芝麻虽小、香气扑鼻”的有趣的生活细节。就可以收到意想不到的效果。

三、善变通，一材多用

有一些素材看起来与文题关联不大，但如果善于变通，巧妙处理，完全可以成为文题合适的题材。因为一个感情材料，客观对象，都是多种规定的复杂的统一体，其内涵往往是多层的、多义的、多向的，都具有多层次开发、多角度利用的可能性。比如下面的素材就可以作多角度的开掘。

袁隆平：一生以水稻为伴，被称为世界“杂交水稻之父”的科学家，他是一位真正的耕耘者。当他还是一个乡村教师的时候，已经具有颠覆世界权威的胆识;当他名满天下的时候，却仍然只是专注于田畴。淡泊名利，一介农夫，播撒智慧，收获富足。他毕生的梦想，就是让所有人远离饥饿。喜看稻菽千重浪，最是风流袁隆平!

第一，从做事持之以恒的角度立意：再平凡的工作，只要用心去做并且持之以恒地坚持下去，就一定能做出伟大的成就。

第二，从探索科学真理的角度立意：要敢于挑战权威，只有如此，知识才能创新，科技才能进步，当然了挑战权威要具备非凡的胆识和学识，是能干而非蛮干。

第三，从品德修养的角度立意：无论名声有多大，都不能忘本，淡泊名利，痴迷于自己的追求，才会收获最大的财富。

第四，从人生目标的角度立意：人生要有远大的目标，要以天下为为己任，把服务于社会，服务于人类作为最大的幸福，这样的人生才是最完美的，这样的人物才是最风流的。

由此可见，同样一个材料，只要你取舍得当，挖掘得当，是可以适应许多不同的题目的。这里，关键看你会不会多角度多侧面地看问题，善于分析，善于化大为小，化虚为实。

四、细梳理，教材活用

有时候，为了写篇文章，可谓挖空心思，绞尽脑汁。静心想想，我们学了十几年的语文，写作文时真得就没有可用之材吗?其他渠道不说，其实在我们的语文课本里就有着丰富的资源。教材中的文章就像我们熟悉的朋友，可以经常阅读与品味，把这样的“朋友”运用于自己的作文里面，就有“近水楼台先得月”似的轻车熟路般的感受。其中很多文章是经典名篇，经典不但可以陶冶情操，常读常新，而且还蕴涵着丰富的作文素材。在我们的语文课本中，有“浪淘不尽”的“千古风流人物”，有“千里冰封，万里雪飘”的“北国风光”，有“千里澄江似练，翠蜂如簇”的“怀古金陵”;有李白的飘逸，有杜甫的沉郁;有苏东坡的豪放，有柳耆卿的婉约;有鲁迅的深刻犀利，有徐志摩的柔婉绮丽;有冰心的冰清玉洁，有舒婷的侠骨柔情;有莫泊桑的《项链》警示那些虚荣心极强的人悬崖勒马，有巴尔扎克的《守财奴》拯救无数陷入“孔方兄”的魔爪不能自拔的灵魂;有马丁?路德?金深沉的呼喊——《我有一个梦想》，有亨德里克?房龙真诚的呼吁——《宽容》……如此丰富的内容，为什么学生视而不见呢?我们以为，学好课本，疏通写作之源;利用课本，多角度写好作文;挖掘课本，加工课本，与高考[微博](课程)作文衔接，如果再辅以老师的身体力行，亲自下水，写一些示范作文，提高作文水平应当是可以期待的。看一段文字：

白露横江，水光接天，纵一苇之所如，凌万顷之茫然。是你啊，旷达的子瞻，泛舟赤壁。你心中何尝不想“至君尧舜上，再使风流淳”?可你逃不了“乌台诗案”，你选择了黄州，造福一方百姓又何尝不好?“羽扇纶巾，谈笑间樯橹灰飞烟灭”，那雄姿英发的周瑜，你仰慕他，然而，你终是你，变人生的轨迹未尝不可?高歌“一蓑烟雨任平生”岂不快哉?

这是2009年安徽考生《抓住机遇，成就伟岸》中的文字，不说语言的流畅优美，但就素材的使用，《前赤壁》《赤壁怀古》，哪个不为我们熟知?语文课本就是一个蕴藏丰富素材的宝藏啊!

五、开茅塞，触类旁通

为了备战高考，考生要记忆大量的成语，而言简意赅的成语就是我们鲜活的素材库，将成语便素材，一举两得，何乐而不为?看一例子：

曾经才华横溢的江淹，让无数的后人为他的凋谢而惋惜。少时家境贫寒，江淹却勤于读书，苦于学习。优越的天赋与不懈的努力最终造就了他的文学成就。然而，声名鹊起动摇了他写作的原则。为了名与利，他不再用心属文，直至灵感消逝，文思减退。渐渐步入写作的低潮，终以“江郎才尽”名留文坛。

该考生将成语变素材，既可见其文学积淀，又显其考场机智，值得我们深思。很多成语就是一段悲欢故事，一个生动灵魂，像“卧薪尝胆”“握发吐哺(周公)”“高山流水”“韦编三绝(孔子)”“曳尾涂中(庄子)”“开天辟地(盘古)”“精卫填海”等等不可胜数。

我们还背诵了大量的诗文名句，为什么有些同学只想到用辛辛苦苦背诵的诗文名篇名句应对默写，却想不到将其用于作文。看一例：

所以你惊叹，榆柳萧疏交相掩映的阁楼上，孟郊在万籁俱寂的黑夜，看到了划破黑暗的嵩山白雪;所以你静默，明月入怀的夜晚，张九龄在清寒的夜露中看到天涯尽头的悠长相思;所以你悲伤，在阳光铺洒碎银的清晨，李商隐在镜中看到了流年偷换;所以你明白“看取莲花净，方知不染心”;所以你惊喜“正是客心孤迥处，谁家红袖倚江楼”……

引用诗句，列举诗人，既展示了非凡积淀，又让文字得染诗情画意。相信，每个同学都有丰富的诗文素材。

六、吐心曲，倾情表述

文章特别是散文要以情动人，但材料的表达不是空泛的抒情，而是把深沉蕴藉的情感融注于笔端。很多学生习惯用第三人称陈述材料，而不涉及自己的主观感受，特别是对史料的使用，这种处理方式并不高明。其实，展开自己的心灵，让材料的再现和自我的情感发生化学反应，其间的涟漪更能激荡读者的共鸣。看一例：

每每独坐斗室，吟哦着陶令“结庐在人境，而无车马喧”时，我的心会立即变得水晶般明净，充满了恬然;每每在寒食端午，想到甘心自焚于烈火中的介子推与那正值盛年却投身汨罗的三闾大夫枯槁的身形时，我的心会猛然紧缩，任泪水在一阵阵刺骨的痛中注满眼眶;每每失意之时，瞥见案头张载的那“为天地立心，为生民立命”的豪言时，我那濒临破碎的意志又会慢慢变得坚强起来……

把史料与自己的感受有机地结合在一起，收到了强烈的表达效果，我们可以从中感受到一个有追求、能担当的青年的强烈的心声。丰富真挚的情感为文章增色不少。

由此可见，当我们贴近这些材料中的人物的心灵，用文字表达他们的喜怒哀乐，这些材料就不再是冷冰冰的或陈旧的印记，而是存在于生命长河的锦缎华彩，它们有质地，有光泽，它们有血有肉，它们有温度，有气质。

导语：《平凡的世界》是中国著名作家路遥创作的一部百万字的长篇巨著;下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

《平凡的世界》是路遥老师创作的一部百万字长篇巨著,在70~80年代的背景上,劳动与爱情、挫折与追求、痛苦与欢乐、日常生活与巨大社会冲突纷繁地交织在一起。

1991年3月份《平凡的世界》获中国第三届茅盾文学奖。第一版于1986年12月在文联出版社出版;第二版于2012年3月在北京十月文艺出版社正式发行。

路遥(1949—1992)，原名王卫国，中国当代农村作家。

1.生活不能等待别人来安排，要自己去争取和奋斗;而不论其结果是喜是悲，但可以慰藉的是，你总不枉在这世界上活了一场。有了这样的认识，你就会珍重生活，而不会玩世不恭;同时，也会给人自身注入一种强大的内在力量。

2.我认为，每个人都有一个觉醒期，但觉醒的早晚决定个人的命运。

3.你能痛苦，就说明你对生活还抱有希望!

4.幸福不仅仅是吃饱穿暖，而是勇敢地去战胜困难。

5.我不啼哭，不哀叹，不悔恨，金黄的落叶堆满心间，我已不再是青春少年。

6.生活包含着更广阔的意义，而不在于我们实际得到了什么;关键在于我们的心灵是否充实。

7.不懈的追求生活，又不敢奢望生活过多的报酬和宠爱，而是理智而清醒的面对着现实。

8.什么是人生?人生就是用不休止的奋斗!只有选定了目标并在奋斗中感到自己的努力没有虚掷，这样的生活才是充实的，精神也会永远年轻!

9.生活啊，生活!你有多少苦难，又有多少甘甜!天空不会永远阴暗，当乌云退尽的时候，蓝天上灿烂的阳光就会照亮大地。青草照样会鲜绿无比，花朵仍然会蓬勃开放。

10.当然，普通并不等于庸俗。他也许一辈子就是一个普通人，但他要做一个不平庸的人。在许许多多平平常常的事情中，应该表现出不平常的看法和做法来。

11.命运总是不如愿。但往往是在无数的痛苦中，在重重的矛盾和艰难中，才使人成熟起来，坚强起来;虽然这些东西在实际感受中给人带来的并不都是欢乐。

12.年轻是一个中性词，它代表着很多缺点：缺乏经验、少不更事、容易冲动。但是也有很多优点，其中之一就是有大把的时间去遗忘那些不该记住的事情。

13.生命里有着多少的无奈和惋惜，又有着怎样的愁苦和感伤?雨浸风蚀的落寞与苍楚一定是水，静静地流过青春奋斗的日子和触摸理想的岁月。

14.生命里有着多少的无奈和惋惜,又有着怎样的愁苦和感伤?雨浸风蚀的落寞与苍楚一定是水,静静地流过青春奋斗的日子和触摸理想的岁月。

15.在这个世界上，不是所有合理的和美好的都能按照自己的愿望存在或实现。

16.生活不能等待别人来安排，要自已去争取和奋斗;而不论其结果是喜是悲，但可以慰藉的是，你总不枉在这世界上活了一场。有了这样的认识，你就会珍重生活，而不会玩世不恭;同时，也会给人自身注入一种强大的内在力量。

17.人活着，接得随时准备经受磨难。他知道不论是普通人还是了不起的人，都要在自己的一生中经历许多磨难。 磨难使人坚强。通过一段血火般的洗礼，他相信，自己历尽千辛万苦而酿造的生活之蜜，肯定比轻而易举哪来的更有滋味!

18.人生啊，是这样不可预测，没有永恒的痛苦，也没有永恒的幸福，生活象流水一般，有时是那么平展，有时又是那么曲折。要知道，春天的道路依然充满泥泞!人的生命力，是在痛苦的煎熬中强大起来的。

19.细想过来，每个人的生活同样也是一个世界。即是最平凡的人，也得要为他那个世界的存在而战斗。从这个意义上说，在这些平凡的世界里，也没有一天是平静的。

20.其实我们每个人的生活都是一个世界，即使最平凡的人也要为他生活的那个世界而奋斗。

21.人们宁愿去关心一个蹩脚电影演员的吃喝拉撒和鸡毛蒜皮，而不愿了解一个普通人波涛汹涌的内心世界……

22.钱当然很重要，这我不是不知道;我一天何尝不为钱而受熬苦!可是，我又觉得，人活这一辈子，还应该有些另外的什么才对……

23.命运总是不如人愿。但往往是在无数的痛苦中，在重重的矛盾和艰辛中，才使人成熟起来。

24.生活包含着更广阔的意义，而不在于我们实际得到了什么;关键是我们的心灵是否充实。

25.人和社会，一切斗争的总结局也许都是中庸而已。与其认真，不如随便，采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。有钱就寻一醉，无钱就寻一睡，与过无争，随遇而安。

A Letter of Application

Dear Sir or Madam,

I have learned from an advertisement that your company is in need of a secretary. I would like you to consider me for the position.

My name is Li Min. I am twenty-three years old. I am studying business management in Xiamen University. I will graduate this summer. I am familiar with computer operation and office softwares, which can help me do the office work very well. And I have learned English for ten years.In the past two years, I have been an editor for the English Paper of my department. My grades come out top in my department. Whats more, I like office work very much and I also think that I can be competent for the job.If I could have the opportunity to get the job I will be quite appreciative.

Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully

Li Min

亲爱的先生或女士：

我从一则广告上得知你们公司需要秘书。我希望您考虑一下我。

我叫李敏，23岁，现在在厦门大学学习经济管理，今年夏季即将毕业。我精通计算机操作及办公软件的使用，这可以帮助我做好办公室工作。我学了十年英语。在过去的两年里我一直担任本系英语报的一名编辑。我的成绩在系里名列前茅。另外，我非常喜欢办公室工作并且我也认为我能胜任这个工作。如果我能有机会得到这份工作，我会非常感激。

谢谢您的考虑。我盼望着您的回信。

您忠实的朋友

李敏

写作教学对于帮助学生了解英语思维方式，形成用英语进行思维的习惯，提高学生综合运用语言知识的能力大有益处。下面是小编为你带来的小学英语写作技巧指导，欢迎阅读。

对于小学3年级的学生，在他们已经掌握好了如颜色(colour)、衣服(clothes)、数字(number)、星期(day of the week)、月份(month)、宠物(pet)、情感(feeling)、身体部位(body)、文具(school things)的基础上进行文章的填空，如果学生能够按照文章的要求写进相关的信息，那就已经很不错了。下面是一个自我介绍的简单例子：

Myself

Hello，my name is_____. I am_____years old.My favourite colour is_____，_____， and_____.My favourite pet is______，_____ and______. My favourite food is_____，______and______.My favourite day is______. My favourite school thing is______and______.My favourite number is and______.I am______today.

上面的这个例子，如果学生能够依次能吧自己的姓名、年龄、喜欢的颜色、喜欢的宠物、喜欢的食物、喜欢的日子、喜欢的文具、喜欢的数字和今天的心情准确无误地写出来，那么就已经能够完成了3年级阶段的作文要求。

对于4年级的学生，可以写一篇介绍自己课室或者自己卧室的文章。下面是一篇4年级学生的介绍课室范文。

My classroom

I am studying at Tongji primary school.I am in Class Two, Grade Four. (介绍自己所在的学校和所在的年级) There is a blackboard in front of the classroom. There are twenty-five desks in our classroom, they are brown. There are many books on the desk. There are fifty students, thirty boys and twenty girls. There is a picture on the wall. There are two fans on the wall. (用there+be句型把班里和摆设和班上的人数都表达出来了) It is tidy and clean.I like my classroom very much.(最后是作者的总结)

对于5年级的学生，作文的要求也提高了很多，很多学生在介绍别人或者是写自己喜欢的小动物的时候很容易忘了第三人称单数动词要加ses，如：He get up at 7 o’clock(get忘了加s)，在用到现在进行的时候动词很容易忘了加ing(如I am play the piano，play就忘记了加ing)，介词和介词短语也占了很重要的位置如介词in，on，at，of。介词短语如dream of(区分dream that)和be afraid of都是很重要的介词短语，很多学生忘记了介词后面要加动词。

对于6年级的学生，作文考查的是英语的综合应用能力，而且出的题目大部分都是看图作文，这就在一定程度上增加了写作的难度，它也是综合了3年级的分类词汇，4年级的句型，方位介词，5年级的重点介词短语和时态，不过我相信只要平时多点积累单词和句型、多点动笔、多注意语法上的问题、多看作文书，那么就能写出流畅、有深度的文章。

导语：舍弃是一种痛苦，更是一种智慧，不经历雕琢，石头不能成佛。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

有一个小和尚耐不住禅院的寂寞，老觉得修行太慢，感觉不出自己的长进，甚至他怀疑自己究竟能不能修成正果。有一天，他再也没法忍受了，就向老禅师发牢骚，说自己没有慧根、缺少佛性，对自己失去信心了。老禅师微微一笑说：“山腰的工地上，石匠们正在为本寺加工佛像，你反正也静不下心来，就跟他们去劳动吧，做个帮手，学点手艺……”小和尚一听，居然特别高兴，心想，终于可以出去透透风、乐呵乐呵了。分数线信息，可查看：新浪微博@高考倒计时

可是，三天以后，小和尚来找禅师，他满脸歉疚：“师傅，我还是回来修行吧，连四角八棱的粗糙岩石都能在工匠的雕琢下变成仪态万方的石佛，何况我是一个人呢?”老禅师舒心的笑了。

上面材料引发了你怎样的思考?请选择一个角度构思作文，写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求：①选好角度，确定立意，不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文;②自拟标题;

③除诗歌外，文体自选;④不要套作，不得抄袭;⑤用规范汉字书写。

【立意分析】

这是一则寓言作文材料，故事内涵丰富。在作文时要找准切入点，才可以准确构思立意。这则寓言中有三个主要形象：老禅师、小和尚、“佛像”。因此作文构思立意可以从这三个主演的具象去切入。

从老禅师的角度，可以概括出“教育一定要讲求方式方法”“正确引导的效果要比一味的说教要好”“给与亲身体验的教育，远远胜过那些空洞的说教”“教育是一门充满智慧的科学”等。

从小和尚的角度切入，可以概括出“凡事情半途而废，常常是没有恒心所致”“信心是成功的关键所在”“要走向成功，不仅需要信心，还需要持之以恒的毅力”“欲速则不达”“领悟真理，往往需要源于实践的体验…‘只有认清自己，才能树立雄心，激励斗志，从而走向成功”“先要有心灵的顿悟，而后才能有正确的抉择乃至成就事业…‘舍弃中选择，选择中舍弃，人生就是不断舍弃和不断选择的过程”等。

从佛像的角度切入，可以概括出“在走向成功的途中，一定要懂得舍弃”“舍弃是一种痛苦，更是一种智慧”“不经历雕琢，石头不能成佛;不经过磨练，人不能成就大业”等。

A Summer Camp

This summer, I had some special days. I joined Dongzhou International Educational Exchange Summer Camp.

First, I will tell you about our foreign teachers, they are Shrina and Rebecca. They are friendly and beautiful. They are students at Oxford University.

We talked about many things: famous people, subjects in England, different jobs, our deal days, western star signs, what can we say in a restaurant and so on.

We know lots of things, like what the difference is between “chef” and “cook”, all the parts of the body…

We tried to write a letter to Principal Zhang. We made a play and we drew our own comics and tried to sell it. We gave some other students English lessons, we taught them about Chinese Dragon, Chinese Martial Arts and the Olympics.

Every afternoon, we played exciting games: Chinese Whispers, Tongue Twisters, Wheelbarrow, egg and spoon, three legs…

On the last day, we had a good time. We made black tea. We put tea bags, some milk and lots of water in to a big bowl, and then we stirred the tea until it became red and dark. Oh, it tasted good! Later, we used eggs, flour and milk to make many pancakes. To cook them is very interesting. When we finished it, the pancakes looked round and nice. We put some jam on it. How delicious! I won’t ever forget it.

The summer Camp is a really good chance for me. I know the local things in England. I learned a lot and like English more. I also know better ways to learn English well.

I hope one day I can see you in England.

[夏令营高考英语满分作文

“灿烂星空，谁是真的英雄?”做出惊天动地业绩的人是英雄，为追求真理献出生命的人是英雄，在平凡岗位上默默奉献的人是英雄……

一．Dr Norman Bethune

1．Nationality(国籍): Canada

2．Hobby: taking photos

3．Main stories: saved a lot of Chinese people; opened hospitals; invented medical tools

二．Liu Xiang

1．Nationality: China

2．Hobby: singing

3．Main stories: won the first

4．Olympic gold medal in the men s 110m hurdles event in Athens; set a world record in the same event in Lausanne

从上面信息卡中选择一位英雄，以The Hero in My Heart为题写一篇短文。

要求：① 包含所选信息卡上的内容；② 适当拓展，如学英雄的感想、行动等；③ 不能出现表明你身份的信息；④ 词数80左右，不含已给出部分。

The Hero in My Heart

As we know, most people have heroes in their hearts. Forme,

【优秀满分范文1】

The Hero in My Heart

As we know， most people have heroes in their hearts. For me, Dr Norman Bethune is the hero in my heart. He was a great doctor from Canada.

Dr Bethune was good at performing operations. And taking photos was his hobby. In 1938, he came to China. He opened hospitals and invented medical tools. He worked so hard that he saved thousands of Chinese people. He didn’t stop to take care of his own injured hand and died.

I am deeply moved by his stories. So I’ll work hard today and do my best to help others.

【优秀满分范文2】

The Hero in My Heart

As we know, most people have heroes in their hearts. For me，Liu Xiang is the hero in my heart. He is a famous Chinese sports man.

Liu Xiang is good at running. In 2004，he won his first Olympic gold medal in the mens 110m hurdles event in Athens. Then, he set a world record in the same event in Lausanne. Besides training and taking part in competitions, Liu Xiang also likes singing and he sings well.

With his hard work, he is winning competitions one after another. This encourages me to study harder from now on.

[2018英语高考作文模拟题

Nowadays, in an ever tighter job market, great importance has been attached to an interview by both the employer and the applicant. The interview, so to speak, has become indispensable for getting a satisfactory job. On the one hand, the interviewer can take advantage of the occasion to learn about the candidates, such as their work experiences, education and their personalities, so as to pick out the right person for the company. On the other hand, the interviewee can make use of the

opportunity to get to know the job he is going to take up, the salary, the working conditions and many other things about the job he is interested in. Therefore, the job interview is very important to a job-hunter. But how can one succeed in it? Firstly of all, the interviewee must pay attention to his or her appearance. The first impression is always where we start. Get dressed properly and neatly. Secondly, good manners are equally important. Dont be too proud, and neither too timid. Just be courteous. Thirdly, the interviewee must demonstrate his aptitude and skills for the job and his knowledge about eh job-related areas. Be confident.

Last but not the least, the interviewee ought to be honest about his or her personal as well as academic background, for honesty is the best policy. To sum up, the job interview is indeed important, but there is no need to be nervous. As long as the interviewee has the ability for the job, with careful preparation and a fairly confident and honest performance, his or her success can be ensured.

如今，在一个日益吃紧的劳动力市场，不管是对于求职者还是雇主，面试都非常重要。成功的面试可以说已经成为得到一个满意的工作的必不可少的条件。一方面，面试者可以利用这个机会，了解候选人

如工作经验，教育背景和他们的个性，以挑选出该公司的合适人选。另一方面，求职者可以利用这个机会去了解他所要从事的工作，如待遇，工作条件以及其他一些他感兴趣的情况。 因此，对于求职者来说面试是非常重要的。但如何才能成功呢？首先，求职者一定要注意其外表。第一印象往往首当其冲。穿着要适当和整齐。其次，良好的举止也同样重要。不要太骄傲

也不过于胆怯。要有谦虚的品格。第三，求职者必须表现出自己的工作能力及技能和有关领域的知识。要有信心。最重要的，求职者应该诚实说明他的个人情况，以及学术背景，诚实是最好的策略。

[高考英语作文：中国梦我的梦

Good morning , ladies and gentlemen ,

Some of us are having problems with our parents , as they often look into

our school bags or read our diaries . I fully understand why we are not

comfortable about it , but there’s no need to feel too sad. Our parents are

checking our bags or diaries to make sure we are not getting into any trouble .

They have probably heard some horrible stories about other kids and thought we

might do the same . Or perhaps they just want to connect with us but are doing

it all wrong . My suggestion is : Tell them we want them to trust us as much as

we’d like to trust them .If you don’t think you can talk to them , write them a

letter and leave it lying around ---they are bound to read it .

Thank you!

Dear Jeff,

Im Li Hua from Beijing Hongxing Middle School. I m very happy to learn that youre going to stay with my family while youre in Beijing.

To Jeff

Dear Jeff,

Im Li Hua from Beijing I-Iongxing Middle School. Im very happy to learn that youre going to stay with my family while youre in Beijing.

While you are here, well provide you with a room of your own with a bed, a desk, a couple of chairs and a TV. Youll also have your own bathroom. Our school is quite close to our home. So we could go to school together by bike. At noon well eat at the school dining hall. Im sure youll like the delicious Chinese food there,and enjoy talking with friends over lunch. Classes in our school usually finish at 4 in the afternoon. You can then join other students in playing ball games or swimming. Itll be a lot of fun.

If you have any questions or requests, please let me know. Well try our best to make your stay here in Beijing a pleasant experience.

[高考英语满分作文写给杰夫的一封信

一、积累固定搭配，避免中式英文

在高考中，很多考生写作文时都是要先想好中文内容再来翻译成英文。这看起来并没有什么不对的地方，因为一般考生的水平都达不到直接用英文来思考的程度。但差别在于英文很好的人在整体构思自己的作文时可能会用汉语，但是写作时完全的英语写作并不会存在什么障碍;只有英语水平一般的人才会将每句的意思大致用汉语想好，但写作时还是要用英文的习惯句型和固定搭配来表达，有时甚至没办法流畅的翻译出自己想的内容，再者也存在一个单词一个单词累积拼凑句子的情况 ，这就是我们常说的中式英语;之所以会这样，主要原因还是在于考生自身积累的英语习惯句型和固定搭配太少了，所以考生平时要注意积累考试常用的句型和语法基础知识，这些内容并不是太多，只要用心总结，需要很少一部分时间就能掌握的很好。

二、模糊叙述，避免不确定词汇

英语考试写作中经常遇到的一个问题就是不确定的词汇，想要描述一个事物，但是那个单词始终想不起来，这是每个考生都会遇到的问题，不论你的词汇量有多丰富，总会有你不认识的词汇出现。那么这时在考场上，我们该如何应对呢?首先我们应该想到的是找一个类似的词来代替它，也就是模糊化即用同义词表达。其次，我们可以用一句完整的话来描述出来它，对其加以解释说明。再次，如果我们实在描述不了也替代不了，那么我们还可以把一些解释不清的东西略去不写。只写那些自己会写的，避开那些自己不会写的。扬长避短，在写作中才能避开容易犯的错误而得到高分。

三、基础不过硬，少用复杂句

不少考生在考试中喜欢用很长很复杂的句式来填充自己的作文，对于英语语法熟练的考生来说这很随意，但是英语水平不过硬的考生最好不要过多地运用复杂句、长难句，因为考试作文是检验一个考生写作水平的工具，命题人虽然会以复杂句来判断考生的英语水平，但是复杂句也表示它容易出错的几率要高很多。因此，在考试中虽然我们要写复杂句但是注意不能写太多这样的句子，考试作文的句子要长短结合。基础不好的考生避免运用长难句，这样自己出错扣分的概率也小很多。

四、认真审题，思考作文分支观点

很多考生在拿到考试作文题时第一感觉是这个作文自己有话说，并且知道应该说什么，但是认真开始提笔时却往往不知道从何写起，之所以会这样是因为考生对作文的审题和观点把握并不清晰，此时考生应该先审题;其次思考简单的分支观点并且考虑可以采用的哪些简单而又成熟的句型。近几年的四级或六级题目大多都会给出提纲，一般提纲中都会包含考生需要的中心句，围绕这个中心句，考生可以考虑自己的文章结构。对于分支观点这方面，考生要尽量量力而行，不要思考太深的观点，要结合自己语言表达的能力而定。

五、重点研究近几年真题作文，掌握固定结构

准备作文的时候背诵真题作文是不可避免的，但是四六级作文真题范文数量太多，有些历时已经有些久远，参考的价值并不是很大，而要把这些都背下来似乎也不太可能，所以考生要把注意力放在近几年的作文范文上，在复习时间不太充裕的时候，并不需要整篇全部背诵，主要是学习范文的行文结构，熟悉适合自己的固定句型，这样大家背诵范文的目的就已经达到了。

There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.

没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

[高考英语作文必备黄金句

热点素材引入作文，既能使文章内容富有时代气息，又能彰显考生对社会的关注，因而受到阅卷老师的好评。小编收集了高考作文写作技巧，欢迎阅读。

招法一：小处切入，专注—点

热点素材，往往影响很大，涉及面广。我们必须从小处入手，寻找与作文主题相关的“点”，切忌面面俱到。如高考广东卷优秀作文《回到原点》片段：

头顶灰白的天空，翻过尘土飞扬的马路。我终于可以停下脚步，伫立在那熟悉又陌生的巷口。我知道，只要再迈一步，我便回到我人生的“原点”——那条打从我一出生便孕育我的老巷。那条充满西关风情，予我人生第一课的老巷。

踏着青石板路，我缓缓步入巷的深处。映入眼帘的是久违的西关老屋。深红的趟栊门前是三级浅平的石阶，某户人家的家猫正慵懒地躺在石阶上，享受正午到来前温和的阳光。

【解析】“回到原点”这个话题，可以选择的角度众多。本片段只是从小处着手，选取了作者熟悉的一个生活场景，这也是我们熟悉的画面，贴近读者生活，激发了阅读兴趣，引出了下文的思考。

招法二：概括热点，提炼主题

对于大家耳熟能详的事件，没有必要再做详细叙述，取而代之的应是对事件本身的高度概括，进而提炼出主题或结论。如高考大纲卷的优秀作文《没有人是一座孤岛》的片段：

顺手的小事，彰显的不只是一种向善的习惯，更是道德社会的脊梁。被“彭宇案”“许云鹤案”吓怕了的十八位路人，竟忍心看着可怜的小悦悦遭受两次车轮碾轧之苦却不敢只是顺手地将她拉到一边。冰冷的雨滴拍打的不仅是小悦悦摔倒下的那块土地，更是十几亿国人冷漠的心。还好，还好有人愿意伸手，还好有善良的拾荒阿婆陈贤妹愿意拉小悦悦一把。她这一拉，不仅是将小悦悦拉出濒临死亡的边缘，更是将我们这些旁观者拉出道德滑坡的冷漠世界。

一个拾荒者，有的却是超越众人的至善至美。她的善，不是惊天动地的英雄壮举，却足以使冷漠的灵魂为之震颤;她的美，不是沉鱼落雁闭月羞花，却足以让每个人都为她的魅力所折服。

【解析】考生由材料中修船工顺手补洞的善举，写到拾荒阿婆陈贤妹、十八位路人，因为这一事件影响极大，所以作者并未描述事件细节，而是高度概括，将重点放在了议论上面。

招法三：再现情景，抒发真情

热点素材若细节展示得并不充分，也有可能缺乏感人至深的力量。我们可以精选某些细节，再现情景，抒发自己的真情实感。如高考四川卷优秀作文《致张丽莉老师》的片段：

一切都来得如此突然，校车突然启动，学生惊慌失措，呆若木鸡。司机也惊呆了。可是他们看到了让他们更吃惊的一幕。您用自己的血肉之躯勇敢地迎上去，坦然地扑向那个庞然大物。在高大的校车面前，您是如此的渺小和微不足道。但是就是这样的渺小，却迸发出了惊人的力量，您“轻易”地推开了两个手足无措已经吓瘫的孩子。车轮肆意地从您的腿上碾过。学生得救了，您高位截瘫。

【解析】在叙述的人称选择上，作者选取了第二人称，既便于抒情，又便于说理。在叙事内容上，考生用情景再现的方式进行细节描写，在叙事真实生动的基础之上，增加了震撼人心的力量。

〖备考佳作〗考题 谈“才”与“德”

女子有才方是德

黄晓豪

“女子无才便是德”出自清代张岱的《公祭祁夫人文》，传统道德规范认为妇女无须有才能，“三从四德”才是好女人的标准。(开头引用古人观点，并加以评析，欲扬先抑。)

到了以中国男权为主的封建社会时期，为了达到更方便、更深刻压迫妇女的目的，“女子无才便是德”这一说法便迅速宣传开来。

当今社会追求的是“平等”。摒除压迫、反对压迫。因此“女子无才便是德”这一说法在当今社会必然是行不通的，反而“女子有才”则更适合当今社会。(适时亮出自己观点。)就拿相夫教子来说，一个有才华、智慧和理想追求的女子，更有助于家庭的和睦和下一代的成长。

阿里巴巴集团的创始人马云有如今的成就，离不开他妻子的竭力帮助和全力支持。马云就曾说过：“她(马太太)对我的帮助是全方位的，无论是事业上还是生活上，她都是全力理解和支持。”马云的妻子无疑也是个非常有才能的人，所以在接受采访时，马云才会颇为得意地说：“她不是那种真正的默默无闻型的女人，她的事业发展得很好，她是事业和生活双全的女人。”也正因为马太太“有才”，才能给马云事业上的帮助，铸就马云今天的辉煌。反之，倘若马太太没有任何才能，一无可取，她又以何以帮助马云?(选取热点人物马云，叙述相关事件，详写。)

李彦宏的妻子马东敏是一名博士，她的才能之显著是不容置疑的。她对李彦宏事业上的帮助就像推助器对机器的帮助。李彦宏曾经承认自己并不是一个喜欢冒险开拓的人，是他的妻子给了他勇气。在曼哈顿举行的大型庆祝晚会上，李彦宏就对马东敏赞赏有加，他深情地说：“她总能在最关键的时刻。冷静地提出最勇敢的建议。而事实证明她的那些充满东方智慧的建议，将我引上了正确的道路。”他还感激地说：“在百度的冒险创业历程中，每一步都是她推着我向前走的。”(选取热点人物李彦宏。叙述相关事件，详写。)

马东敏在事业上凭什么能对李彦宏有如此大的帮助呢?当然是凭着她过人的智慧和才能。

在现在这个追求平等的社会里，应该不能说一个人一无是处、一无所知，只需虔诚地接受别人对自己命运的安排便是德吧!在这个竞争激烈的社会里，无才，终将会被这个社会淘汰。

从众多事实来看，如著名作家巴尔扎克、体操王子李宁、SOHO公司的董事长潘石屹，都有一个十分有才能的妻子。而她们本身，也都拥有自己的成功人生。(略写，列举了丰富的材料。)

再从整个社会现象来看，“女子无才便是德”的说法也毫无正确性可言。而“女子有才”却更能适应时代的变迁，更能促进社会的进步，更有助于家庭的幸福和谐。因此，女子有才方是德。

【评析】本文不仅立意新颖，角度独特，所选素材也紧扣时代，拉近了与读者的距离，也有利于观点的证明。

导语：共享单车正在逐步完成每一个新事物进入社会的必经之路，并朝着一个好的方向不断前进。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“共享单车在中国”。请根据下列要点完成短文。

1. 共享单车在中国的现状;

2. 共享单车的好处;

3. 对使用者的建议。

注意：

1. 词数150左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 参考词汇：共享单车bicycle sharing

参考范文：

China is known as the kingdom of bicycles. Some cities have established their own bicycle sharing system to provide individuals with an alternative form of public transportation. Now bike sharing is a very popular means of transportation in China.

People around me are really proud of this green transport option. There are many advantages to using bicycle sharing. For one thing, using bicycle sharing can greatly contribute to reducing the air pollution and easing traffic jams. For another, bicycle sharing can provide people with chances to do exercises. Last but not least, it supplies great convenience for the local people as well as the tourists who want to explore the city.

Please cherish the bike when you ride the bike and it is not moral to do harm to the bike. After you get to your destination, don’t throw them away somewhere, although you have already paid for them. You should put them in a proper place.

1.英语热门作文：共享单车之我见

2.英语作文：共享单车遭遇“素质难题”

3.以共享单车为主题的英语作文

4.以共享单车为话题的英语优秀作文

5.英语热门话题作文：共享单车

6.以共享单车为话题的英语作文4篇

7.英语作文：把共享单车带入国外市场

8.2017高考英语作文预测：共享单车在中国

9.英语作文：共享单车进入西藏

10.共享单车话题英语范文4篇

一、四级作文概述

四级作文是提纲作文，一般按提纲写出相应段落即可。在文章内容上无需追求高深新颖，切题合理便可落笔；在思路逻辑上则要求句意通顺，文字流畅；在文字表现上要求无语法错误，个别小错可忽略(如动介搭配，单词拼写等不涉及语法类小错)。另外，值得一提的是，在篇章结构上建议写三段，所以即便题目只给出两个提纲，最好在完成两个提纲后，再多补充一段，所补内容不限，但须跟话题相关。

二、四级作文例题分析

(1) The Shortage of Fresh Water

1. 目前淡水资源非常紧缺

2. 为什么会出现这种情况

3. 该如何解决

96年6月份曾考过此题，今天来看，似乎更有现实意义。这是一道负面社会现象题，那么挖掘其背后根源，并找出解决方案，就成为探讨的主要方面，而提纲也正是如此。三个提纲各属其类，界限清晰，直接按提纲写三段即可。段1为提出现象，确立研究对象。提纲1翻译后仅一句话，作为一段话则显内容单薄，字数匮乏，所以需进一步发挥。不妨从例证角度扩充，举例时即可基于国内现状，也可纵观全球，显然前者更易行。可从我国西南地区的生活缺水，水价上升，以及河流干涸等细节方面铺陈。段2是原因分析，建议分析主观原因和客观原因两方面。所谓主观原因即是基于人的思想意念，心理意识，行为动机以及行为举措，比如人们节约意识的淡漠或者人们误认为淡水取之不尽等不当想法。而客观原因则是从非人角度出发，如社会发展，人口激增，甚至污染的加剧等方面出发，这些因素均使得淡水消耗的增加。当然，考场上由于时间紧迫，无法细想，可能会写出的两个全是主观类或客观类的原因，其实也无妨，只要二者不同即可，谨防虽言明两原因，但实则彼此混淆，出现逻辑不清的窘况。段3是措施分析，措施可从官方措施和民众措施两方面写起，也可加入作为现代年轻人，我该如何约束自己，从生活中小事做起节约水资源等内容。总之，在内容上考生尽可发挥想象力，纵马驰骋，原则依旧：切题者皆可。

(2)Part-time Jobs for College Students

1.目前大学校园里很多学生业余时间做兼职

2.对于大学生是否该做兼职工作，人们看法不一

3.我的看法

这是一道校园话题，在内容上即涉及现象，又涉及观点，能很好地考察到学生的综合分析能力。提纲1依旧是现象提出，看到提纲1，大家脑海里会浮现很多熟悉的场景，如校园布告栏里张贴着的兼职广告，校园论坛上也经常发布的一些兼职信息等等，这些都可反映在段1中。所以当我们第一眼看到话题或提纲时，脑海中常常会浮现出相关场景，把这些画面定格，进行详细描绘即可，即自然又切题。当然，段1也可从学生的兼职渠道以及兼职类型等方面加以发挥。总之，提纲是总领，而符合总领的任何附属内容都可写。段2是人们对此学生兼职的不同看法，一正一反。切记在表达上述两类观点时，提出其相关论据。段3是提出作者本人看法。本人看法既可选择上述任一方(只要不极端)，也可提出与上述均异的第三类观点，对于极度偏激的正反方观点则需做一番调和与勾兑(这个一般很少见)。需要提醒的是，继提出己方观点后，还应补充其他内容，如论据；也可写我的下一步做法，甚至可写我所认为的大家对此问题所应采取的对策云云。

(3)Private Cars of Today

1.目前私家车越来多了

2.私家车为人们带来的益处和问题

这道题只有两个提纲，所以建议在完成提纲要求内容之后再补充一段相关内容，可以在提纲2之后续补段3(如举措类：如何合理地限制私家车的出行以减少废气排放等等)，也可在1，2之间插入一段(如原因分析，即为何私家车越来越多)。先来看提纲1，依然是事实陈述，看到提纲1，会很容易联想到马路上川流不息的过往车辆，以及高峰期令人沮丧的堵车，那么即可将这些内容付诸笔端。再看提纲2，是私家车给人们生活带来的影响，该事实是一中性事实，则需辩证地分析其影响的两面性，一方面它带来好处，如让人们的出行变得更自由更方便，另一方面它带来坏处，如排放废气，污染环境，或造成交通堵塞等等。

1、故事发生在伦敦。

The story happened in London.

2、起初，他没看见那个人。

At first, he didn’t see the man.

3、然后，他走到汽车那儿。

Then he went over to the bus.

4、过了一会儿，他上了小汽车。

After a little while,he got on the car.

5、后来，他掏出了枪。

Later on he took out his gun.

6、最后，他被捕了。

At last, he was arrested.

7、开始时，老师给我们做了简短的介绍。

In the beginning, the teacher gave us a brief introduction.

8、后来，他开始在黑板上写东西。

Afterwards, he began to write something on the blackboard.

9、同时，学生记笔记。

Meanwhile, the students took notes.

10、最终，学生们成功了。

In the end, the students succeeded.