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669四级英语写作知识归纳
全文共 2772 字
+ 加入清单1)主语从句
It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy。
It is well-known that…
It is self-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that…
It goes without saying that… It is universally acknowledged that…
It is / that
2)宾(表)语从句
We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates。
The problem is not who will go, but who will stay。
3)定语从句(限定性和非限定性)
As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described…in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/ table…,
There are many reasons why I want to study in your university。
It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste。
4)状语从句(时间,原因,地点,条件,让步,转折等)
When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物) which will devour him。
Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers。
5)分词短语做定语或状语
Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better。
6)倒装句
Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem。
Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots。
7)被动句
Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem。
He is said to have accomplished a lot of great deeds。
Many people believe that…(It is believed that…)
8)设问句
Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?
9)比较
1.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B。
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that.。。
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that.。。
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages。
6.Like anything else, it has its faults。
7.A and B has several points in common。
8.A bears some resemblances to B。
9.However, the same is not applicable to B。
10. A and B differ in several ways。
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects。
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now。
13. The same is true of B。
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks。
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are .。。
10)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation。
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem)。
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors。
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that.。。
4. The factors that contribute to this
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that.。。
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are.。。
7. Part of the explanations for it is that .。。
8. One of the most common factors (causes ) is that .。。
9. Another contributing factor (cause ) is .。。
10. Perhaps the primary factor is that …
11. But the fundamental cause is that .。。
更多相似作文
篇1:关于提高英语写作能力的方法
全文共 1772 字
+ 加入清单在英语教学中,培养学生听、说、读、写的能力是相辅相成的。经常练习写作,可以巩固和发展听说能力 ,还可以促进阅读能力的提高。写作能促使学生勤复习、多思考。通过对一词一句反复推敲,有助于提高使用 语言的准确性。学习用英语写作是培养英语思维能力的重要途径之一,有了一定的英语思维能力,英语学习就 能产生一个相应的飞跃。因此,在高中阶段指导、培养学生写英语作文是不容等闲视之的。
用英语解释生词,为学生打好写作基础。教师应创造语言环境,通过耳濡目染、潜移默化,培养用英语思 维的习惯。在教每课的单词和词组时,要尽量用学生学过的单词、词组进行解释。刚开始时,可由教师用英语 解释生词,后来可让学生根据汉语释意,用自己学过的单词、词组解释。这样,经过一段时间的训练,学生的 英语思维能力就会有所提高,为英语写作打下较好的基础。在作文时,如果不知道某个东西的英语表达方式而 又无词典可查,这时学生就会用其释义来代替,如用“a person who nakes clothes”来代替“atailor”, 这虽不完全符合英语语言习惯,但对初学写作的高中生来说还是值得鼓励的。
通过缩写和改写课文,培养学生的英语概括能力。缩写课文会激励学生去认真钻研课文内容,有助于加深 学生对课文的理解,提高学生归纳总结和进行简要表达的能力。缩写课文允许改动原意,不允许删去主要内容 。缩写课文一般应该用自己的话来写,不能只停留在拼凑原文的词句上,也不要逐句、逐段照原文去改写。这 些均通过示例让学生明白和掌握,并在实践中让他们仔细加以体会。改写课文可以培养学生举一反三的语言表 达能力,熟练掌握英语表达方法,促使学生去钻研、去思考,调动学习的积极性,学生把学过的知识运用到实 际中去,这对于提高英语水平大有裨益。改写,除了我们通常所说的句子、段落的释义之外,还包括用其他体 裁改写整篇课文。如高中英语第一册第三课短剧“The Lost Necklace”可改写为记叙文。有的课文,如高中英 语第一册“The Blind Men And The Elephant”和第十课“At A Tailors Shop”等,就可以让学生改写成短 剧,并让他们在班上表演。有的课文故事是第三人称叙述的,如“The Footprint”,就可以让学生用第一人称 加以改写,使他们身临其境,自由发挥。这样可创造情景,促使他们“下笔如有神”。
以多题材、多形式的自由作文训练,加强意念功能的培养。经过一段时间的缩写和改写的笔头训练之后, 学生对写作有了一定的基础和兴趣,就可以放手让他们进行多种题材的自由作文训练,使学生在自由表达思想 和内心感受中,加强意念功能培养。(1) 练习写周记日记是培养学生英语自由写作能力的第一步。写周记日记 ,学生不受内容和经验的限制,可就熟悉的题材,充分发挥自己的想象力,自由表达。(2) 看图作文新颖活泼 ,能激发学生英语写作的积极性。可以用流传较广的传说、故事作图,让学生写记叙文。比如画几幅老鼠商议 给猫挂铃铛的图,让学生以“The cat and the bell”作文。也可画一幅漫画,让学生写简易议论文。如画一 幅之人向三个方向划一条小船,让学生写出情景加以评论,并命题。(3) 作文可由教师统一命题,也可由学生 自由命题。命题作文要注意先易后难,开始让学生写一些自己熟悉、易于表达的题材。如:“Our School”、 “My Family”、“A Letter To Somebody”、“ARepectable Teacher”、“Life In Summer Vacation”等。 在此基础上,提高一步,写一些较难的题目。如:My Idea, Money And Happiness等。刚开始练习命题作文写作 时,可让学生课外完成,规定交作文日期即可。经过一段时间后,可要求他们在课堂上完成,借以培养他们的 思考能力,提高快速写作的能力。
通过讲评帮助学生逐步掌握写作要领。作文批阅应与课堂讲评相结合,一方面在班上朗诵优秀作文,说明 其好在哪里。另一方面要分析各种典型错误,尤其是汉式英语,务必通过讲译,使学生进一步了解错误产生的 原因,以及如何纠正。为了加深印象,避免讲评中烦琐指点,最好对各种错误进行分类整理,教师应注意分类 的合理性和系统性。
篇2:优秀英语作文写作指导:六级写作高分七大技巧
全文共 4291 字
+ 加入清单不管做什么是,找对技巧很重要。下面语文迷网整理了英语六级的写作技巧,供大家阅读参考。
一、 长短句原则。
工作还得一张一弛呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
二、 主题句原则。
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、 一 二 三原则。
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!
四、短语优先原则。
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。
其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
五、多实少虚原则
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。
比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospitable 之类的形象词。
再比如: 走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
六、 多变句式原则。
1)加法(串联)都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用:besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语:despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语:then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。举例:This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:When to go, Why he goes away…
5)附加(多此一举)如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
七、挑战极限原则。
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. 如果你可以写出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!
篇3:2024年中考英语作文写作技巧解读
全文共 3825 字
+ 加入清单一、写作决窍
总体把握,要点齐全;人称时态,逻辑清楚;
关键词汇,动词第一;组词成句,结构完整;
组句成文,连词增色;此路不通,绕道迂回;
字迹工整,留好印象;从句适量,高分有望。
二、写作步骤
1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息,告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。
2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后,根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料;同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。
3.写完要点,但不随意发挥。
4.先草稿,后抄写。
三、作文案例
[2004年全国中学生英语能力竞赛初赛初三组] (14分)
Choose one of your hobbies and write an article for the school magazine about it. Tell the magazine readers.
·What exactly your hobby is;
·When and how you became interested in this hobby;
·Why you enjoy your hobby;
·About your hopes and plans for the future.
写作要求:
1.根据所提供的内容,适当拓展想象空间,灵活地将提供的信息体现在文章中。
2.条理清楚,语句通顺,书写清晰、规范。
3.词数60-80.
[学生解答A]
My hobby is read books①.When I was seven years old.I became interested in reading books.I like needing books because there are a lot of useful things in books.I can learn a lot of knowledge from books. Books also② can teach me how to be a good person.Books even can solve many problems for me.I will read more good books to improve myself.
①改为reading books,动词作表语时应该用动名词。
②also的位置应放在can之后。
[点评]:档次9-11分。
①要点不全,漏掉最后一个要点。
②句子基本无误,能正确传递信息给读者但文章不流畅,句子与句子之间过渡不自然,给读者感觉在回答上述问题。
③有少量错误。
[学生解答B]
My hobby is reading.Reading books is very enjoyable.When I was young ,my mother used to tell me a story before.I went to bed every night.The stories were so interesting that I always felt they weren’t enough.So I began to read books by myself.Little by little I became interested in reading.I can learn much knowledge and many interesting things all over the world.When I read books,I can enjoy the beautiful sentences.At the same time I can improvemy writing.I want to be a writer in the future,so I must study hard and read more books so that my dream can come true.
①开门见山、点题。
②真情流露,理由充分。
③文中带圈的连词使用得恰当,使文章过渡自然、
④巧妙使用句型以表决心。
[点评]:档次13-14分。
①清楚表达写作目的,要点齐全。
②语言表达灵活多样,字里行间流露出真情实感,文章有感染力。
③恰当使用连词和从句,语言流畅,且无错误,是一篇高质量的作文。
[高分突破]
①文体:记叙文。
②要点:what → when →how → why → hope and plan for the future.
③时态:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时的自然变化。
内容具有开放性,但它也是“控制性”的写作试题,因此不能随意发挥,要善于抓信息,写完要点。选用这两篇学生真实习作,一是因为他们选材相同,二是因为他们都是英语成绩优秀的同学。同学B灵活使用连词so…that,so,little by little,when,so that等,恰到好处地使用新句型和短语used to,became interested in,come true……等,使内容丰富,读起来优美流畅。其实这些表达同学A也会,只是缺乏技术加工。通过这两篇作文点评,同学们便能悟出其中的奥妙。
四、培养途径
1.根据老师布置的写作内容,独立完成一篇写作。
2.与同伴合作,交流自己的写作,通过交流找出各自作文中写得好的地方和优美的句子,合作创造一篇新的文章,供大家欣赏。
3.找老师点评,请求老师指点,尤其是怎样润色。
4.自己纠错,写下反思。
五、备考演练
A
缙云山是重庆著名的游览胜地,每天有大量的游客。请你根据下面提供的信息写一篇报道,说明现在的游客在环境保护方面的变化。
写作要求:
1.词数在100左右。
2.条理清楚,语句通顺。
3.开头已写好,但不计入总词数。
Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest …
B
阅读电视广告词:“If we don’t save water,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.”根据提示,写一篇60-80词的短文。
提示:
1.生活离不开水。
2.可饮用水在减少。
3.水污染严重。
4.应保护水源,再利用水。
思路点拨与参考答案
A. [思路点拨]:
①文体:记叙文。
②时态:一般过去时态,一般现在时态。采用正反对比的写作手法,增加感染力。
③写作目的:告诉读者保护环境的重要性。
Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest.Every day a lot of tourists come here to enjoy its beauty. But a few years ago,some of them paid no attention to protecting theenvironment.They threw their rubbish,such as plastic bags,fruit skins and waste paper on the ground.Sometimes they broke trees,picked flowers and killed birds. Some even made fires in the woods to cook food.How dangerous it was.Luckily,great changes have taken place here.Tourists are used to putting their rubbish into dustbins,and they are doing their best to protect the birds and plants as well.They bring their own meals instead of cooking to preventstarting a forest fire in the mountains.All these changes make us very happy.
B. [思路点拨]:
①夹叙夹议(说明现状,谈谈感想)。
②时态:一般现在时态。
③广告词的含义——水很重要,应保护和再利用(写作意图)。
Water is very important to humans.We can’t live without water.The water we can drink is falling.But some people don’t seem to care about it.They waste a lot of water.They pour dirtywater into rivers and lakes.Water pollution is getting more and more serious.So we must do something to stop the pollution.We not only protect the water but also find ways to reuse it.If we don’t do this,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.
篇4:公共基础知识的写作技巧
全文共 1687 字
+ 加入清单一、从写作内容角度上看。
公基作文一般是议论性质的文章,字数一般要求在800--1200字之间。公基作文要求结合材料进行写作,属于材料作文类,考生不能脱离材料自行写作。此外,考生在写作的时候一定注意不要跑题,不要脱离总论点。因为作文的阅卷是先定档后给分,这就要求我们一定不能跑题,而且虽然都是议论文但是不能跟高中初中作文那样随意抒发议论,要找到自己的角度,站在报考岗位的角度去思考问题,不能盲目抒情、大发特发议论,此乃作文大忌。
二、从文章标题角度来看。
标题即论点,刚才我们谈到作文阅卷先定档,因此,如果能标题就是论点的话能够大幅度减轻阅卷人的压力,使得自己更容易获得高分。对于标题给大家简单提醒一下,通常情况下标题不建议大家使用标点符号。
三、从文章结构上来看。
一定要保证文章结构的完整性,在阅卷规则当中,有重要一条就是逻辑完整,因此适当运用逻辑结构词就显得特别重要。这里提示广大考生,我们的逻辑词经历过四个阶段,第一个阶段是第一、第二、第三、第N个,这种结构因为第多少个没有上限,因此不建议采用,第二个阶段是首先、其次、再次、最后,第三个阶段是一方面、另一方面、与此同时、此外、加之等。这里推荐大家使用第二第三个阶段,逻辑结构比较完整,第四个阶段是运用过渡句过渡段,这种逻辑不推荐大家使用。
四、公基作文一定要写对策。
考查公基作文的目的就是考查考生进入单位之后分析与解决问题的能力,因此,考生必须在文章中必须有所体现。从文章写作对策段落来说,建议大家在对策段落里面运用“结论+原因+措施”的写作结构,这种结构简单理解就是是什么、为什么、怎么办逻辑,比如说某地的某个行业出现一定的发展问题,那么对于这个行业的发展政府起主要作用,那么我们应该先说政府大概应该如何去做,如政府应该多渠道扶持,此即结论,接下来就应该叙述政府为什么要去扶持,也即原因部分,最后要写明政府如何扶持也即具体措施,如运用宏观调控、减免税收、提供政策支持等。
五、从结尾段落来说,结尾要做到与首段呼应。
浑然一体的结尾与开头要相呼应,写出既呼应开头,又不简单重复的语句,这种结尾方式是各类文章极常见的收束方法。这种收束方法能唤起读者心理上的美感,产生一种首尾圆合,浑然一体的感觉。
第一:理解、分析、研究文体。事业单位写作其实就是议论文写作,因为只有议论文这种文种才能够承载对一个事物的确定观点和论述。所以对议论文来说,要把握一点,就是议论文是围绕一个观点进行展开,这对议论文来说是最重要的,也就是要有确实的观点,即总论点,目前来看事业单位考试的总论点一般都是已经确定的。
第二:确定了总论点之后,再去议论观点。例如:上海是个好地方,那么整个文章展开的核心就是证明观点,也就是为什么说上海是个好地方,再比如:要勤奋,整个文章展开的核心就是论述为什么要勤奋。
近几年来公职类考试的写作命题有了新的变化。首先,会有给定材料,材料围绕着一个主题展开,主题通常是社会问题或者施政要点。例如:要推进民生改革;要提高政府公信力;要推进服务型政府建设;要勇于探路等。其次,针对这样主题的变化,论述的方向也随之有所变化。例如:要提高政府公信力。基于这样的总论点,文章展开的逻辑就是为什么要提高公信力、如何提高政府公信力。再比如:要勇于探路,那么文章展开的逻辑就是为什么要勇于探路、如何探路。通过以上事例,小伙伴们能基本理清两个最重要的内容:议论文就是围绕一个确定的观点展开,整个文章的核心要求就是把观点论述清楚。解决了这两个问题后,接下来就是填充内容了,在此根据情况来说明。
第一:如果平时比较关注新闻、热点时事,自然有内容可写,而且能够做到内容充实、立意高远、理解透彻。如果是这样的情况,就摸索出适合自己表达的语言风格即可。
第二:如果是平时看书比较多,有自己对事物的思考。这样的基础能让写作体现出比较好的人文素养和知识储备,如果是这样的情况,就把看书多的优点发挥出即可。
第三:如果是既不看新闻、也不看书、学习马马虎虎或者工作后没有时间复习,这样的情况比较普遍,如果是这样的情况,就需要找一些捷径了,比如选择培训班等等。
篇5:英语日记的写作格式
全文共 308 字
+ 加入清单I have nine little goldfish. Eight goldfish are all orange and one is black. I like the black one best. We call it Xiao Hei. Its body is black. It has two big and round eyes, a small mouth, and a big tail. Though its very small, it swims fast.
I often feed them and change water for them. We are good friends.
篇6:英语写作素材之常用经典名言
全文共 1738 字
+ 加入清单1. What is language for? Some people seem to think its for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words--- the longer the words the better. Thats wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas, for communication。
语言到底是用来干什么的呢?一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和学习一大堆单词--而且单词越长越好。这个想法是错误的。语言是用来交换思想,进行交流沟通的!
2. The way to learn a language is to practice speaking it as often as possible。
学习一门语言的方法就是要尽量多地练习说。
3. A great man once said it is necessary to drill as much as possible, and the more you apply it in real situations, the more natural it will become。
一位伟人曾说,反复操练是非常必要的,你越多的将所学到的东西运用到实际生活中,他们就变的越自然。
4. Learning any language takes a lot of effort. But dont give up。
学习任何语言都是需要花费很多努力,但不要放弃。
5. Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages should be fun。
放松点!要有耐性,并让自己快乐!学习外语应该是乐趣无穷的。
6. Rome wasnt built in a day. Work harder and practice more. Your hard- work will be rewarded by god one day. God is equal to everyone!
冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。更加努力的学习,更加勤奋的操练,你所付出的一切将会得到上帝的报答,上帝是公平的。
7. Use a dictionary and grammar guide constantly. Keep a small English dictionary with you at all time. When you see a new word, look it up. Think about the word-- use it, in your mind, in a sentence。
经常使用字典和语法指南。随身携带一本小英文字典,当你看到一个新字时就去查阅它,想想这个字---然后去用它,在你的心中,在一个句子里。
8. Try to think in English whenever possible. When you see something think of the English word of it; then think about the word in a sentence。
一有机会就努力去用英文来思考。看到某事时,想想它的英文单词;然后把它用到一个句子中去。
9. Practice tenses as much as possible. When you learn a new verb, learn its various forms。
尽可能多的操练时态。学习一个动词的时候,要学习它的各种形态。
10. I would also like to learn more about the culture behind the language. When you understand the cultural background, you can better use the language。
我想学习和了解更多关于语言背后的文化知识,当你理解了文化背景,你就能更好地运用语言。
篇7:高考英语写作素材:英语课文经典句子
全文共 4367 字
+ 加入清单课文中的经典句子,又是精华中的精华,背熟之后对你的写作语法有很大的帮助。下面来看看小编为大家带来的英语课文经典句子吧,希望对你有帮助。
1、 Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.
2、 Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.
3、 The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.
4、 I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.
5、 He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.
6、 First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.
7、 Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.
8、 Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.
9、 Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.
10、 In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.
11、 The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.
12、 Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.
13、 This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.
14、 I hate hiking and Im not into classical music.
15、 I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.
16、 Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.
17、 When are you off to Guangzhou?
18、 My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.
19、 See you when I get back.
20、 The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.
21、 Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.
22、 Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.
23、 Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
24、 One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.
25、 He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.
26、 Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.
27、 When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.
28、 The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.
29、 I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.
30、 Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.
31、 There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
32、 In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.
33、 In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.
34、 In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
35、 With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
36、 For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.
37、 In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.
38、 At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.
39、 Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.
40、 However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
41、 Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.
42、 Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.
43、 Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.
44、 Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.
45、 A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.
46、 If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.
47、 The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.
篇8:高一基础写作知识是什么
全文共 1097 字
+ 加入清单1、写作的综合性特点是指:它是________的综合。
A、社会性和个体性B、创造性和实践性C、作者的思想、生活、技巧
D、作者的生活、思想、技巧及思维活动、心理活动、审美活动
2、________对于“中国人失掉自信力了”的论调,鲁迅先生曾批驳道:“我们从古以来,就有埋头苦干的人,有拼命硬干的人,有为民请命的人,有舍身求法的人……这一类的人们,就是现在又何尝少呢?他们有确信,不自欺,他们在前仆后继的战斗,……说中国人失掉了自信力,用以指一部分人则可,若加于全体,那简直是诬蔑。”这里所运用的驳论方法是________
A、独立证明B、引申证明C、归谬反驳D、反驳论证
3、悬念是________的艺术手段。
A、结构情节,塑造人物形象,更广泛地展开社会生活画面
B、结构情节,塑造人物形象
C、结构情节
D、更广泛地展开社会生活画面
4、在现代文章分类中,“游记”属________文体。
A、文学类B、地志类C、实用类D、介于文学类和实用类之间的边缘类
5、“支点”为作品选取、安排文章材料,进行艺术概括提供了一个立足点,规定了一个确定的方向和范围,它是________的核心部分。
A、形象活动或情节B、形象活动C、情节D、议论
6、写作是一项综合性的精神劳动,自成一个复杂系统。其“综合性”是指:它是由________等因素构成的综合活动。
A、生活、思想、技巧。B、思维活动、心理活动、审美活动。
C、生活、思想、审美、技巧。D、生活、思想、技巧;思维活动、心理活动、审美活动。
7、一般说来,在构思的定型阶段,作者对于传达有两个层次上的考虑,即传达的________。
A、有序化和审美化。B、明晰性、准确性和特殊效果。
C、有序化、凝聚化和最优化、审美化。D、有序化和特殊效果。
8、描写从方法或技巧上分,可划分为以下诸种类型:________。
A、正面和侧面描写,动态和静态描写,细描和白描。
B、人物描写,环境描写,场面描写。
C、肖像描写,行动描写,心理描写,言语描写。
D、正面和侧面描写,动态和静态描写,人物和环境描写,细描和白描。
9、李季《王贵与李香香》中有这样的诗句:“千里雷声千里的闪,陕北红了半个天”。这里运用的表现手法叫作________。
A、比B、兴C、烘托D、陪衬
10、下面所列诸文体中属介于文学类和实用类之间的边缘类文体是:________。
A、传记、科学小品、杂文。B、新闻、传记、报告文学。
C、报告文学、杂文、传记。D、报告文学、科学小品、杂文。
11、调查报告一般由________三个部分构成。
A、总提、主体、结语。B、正文、结语、写作时间。
C、标题、正文、写作时间。D、总提、正文、结语。
篇9:写作基础知识
全文共 265 字
+ 加入清单主题是文章的统帅和纲领,是文章的核心;主题源于材料,主题不能先行,必须从实际出发,从材料中引出主题。实用文体主题的表现表式主要有:
①直接阐述;
②单一集中;
③以意役法;
④片言居要;
⑤善用标题。
文章结构安排的环节主要包括:选择角度;设置线索;安排层次;划分段落;设计开头与结尾;处理过渡和照应等。文章的结构应达到严谨、自然、完整、统一
文章常用的表达方法有叙述、描写、议论、说明,其中议论的方法又可具体分为:
①例证法;
②喻证法;
③类比法;
④对比法;
⑤反驳法;
⑥归谬法。
语言运用的基本要求:合体、得体,准确、顺达,简洁、明快,生动、有力。
篇10:2024高考英语记叙文写作技巧
全文共 1759 字
+ 加入清单记叙文是以叙述人物的经历或事物的发展变化过程为主的一种文体。它是写作训练中最普遍、最基本的一种文体。记叙文以写实为主,但也可以虚拟。如人物传记、历史故事或新闻报导这类非虚拟的故事是记叙文,神话故事、寓言、幽默故事等也属记叙文。记叙文通常分为三类:
1. 以记人为主的记叙文。即以人物为中心组织材料,围绕这个人物来写一、两件事。
2. 以事件为主的记叙文。即以事件为中心组织材料,围绕中心事件,可以写一个人或几个人。
3. 以写景状物为主的记叙文。但应注意的是,在一篇记叙文中,写人、写景、写事往往是交织在一起的,不可截然分开,但各有侧重。
【写作注意】
写作中应遵循以下几点:
1. 交待要素,即人、时、地、事。
2. 按事件发生的先后顺序叙述, 完整、具体。
3. 要重点突出,目的明确。记叙文所记的都是过去发生的事,原则上通常用过去时态写。
【写作实例】
假如你是武汉大学附中高三(1)的李华,今年即将高中毕业。请根据以下要点给某英文报写一篇英语短文,谈谈你对高三生活的看法。
(1)对获得的帮助表示感谢;
(2)消除与 同学之间的误会;
(3)努力学习,实现人生梦想;
(4)对学弟、学妹的建议。
注意:
(1)可适当加入细节,以使行文连贯;
(2)词数:100左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数) 。
High school is regarded as the best time in a persons life. As a senior 3 student, it wont take lon g before I graduate._____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
【猜题理由】本篇书面表达能比较真实地反映学生的生活实际,话题内容关注学生的社交生活和树立健康的人生观,具有考查的现实意义和指导意义;在语言表达上,能够让学生充分运用所学知识,毫无词汇障碍地表达自己的思想;此外,在语言表达的设置上也有一定的伸展性,能有效地激发学生个 性观点的创建。
【构思点拨】本篇书面表达是常见 的提纲类型的写作,要点明确清楚,便于学生组织文章,理清脉络。行文时要注意处理好语言表达的控制性和伸展性之间的关系。
【参考范文】
High school is regarded as the best time in a persons life. As a senior three student, it wont take long before I graduate. Now, I have much to share with my fellow students.
Firstly, I would like to show my appreciation to those standing by me all the way, teachers, pare nts and friends included. Without their help and advice, my life would be different. Secondly, its high time to say sorry to classmates whom I hurt or misunderstood. Communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship. Above all, Ive made up my mind to make every effo rt to study, for I believe hard work is the key to success. Just as the old saying goes, "no pains, no gains."
Finally I hope that all the younger fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no men.
篇11:2024年考研英语写作素材汇编
全文共 1435 字
+ 加入清单1)Some(people)argue/claim/believe/hold that……But others set(put)forth a different argument about/oppositive views on the matter in question.
(e.g. Some claim that setting off firecrackers is a good practice of celebrating the Spring Festival.……But others put forth opposite views on the problem.)
2)Some(people)advocate/endorse/favor/are for(或oppose/object to/are against)……Yet others stick to/hold on to/cling to the opposite views/argument/points.
(e.g. Some advocate changes intended to modernize the building code.……Yet others hold on to the opposite views.)
3)To some peoples mind/From some peoples point of view/In the eye(s)o f some people,the matter in question is/seems/should be/means……But to othersmind/from others point of view/in otherseyes,it is just/quite the other way around/contrary/opposite(或the opposite/reverse is the case/true.)
(e.g. To some peoples mind,reading should be done in a selective way.……But to others‘,it is just the other way around.)
4)Some(people)respond/react to……by……But others behave/act in the other direction/in the opposite way.
(e.g. Some people respond to failure by remaining inactive or avoiding it……But others behave in the opposite way.)
5)Some take the view that……And/But on the other hand,others argue for the opposite view that……
(e.g. Some are of the view that institutions mould characters.……And on the other hand,others argue for the opposite view that characters transform institutions.)
篇12:英语写作经典常用句型精选
全文共 4217 字
+ 加入清单the + 形容词最高级 + n. + (that) + S(主语) + have ever seen / known / heard / had / read, etc
例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.(海伦是我见过的最美丽的女孩。)
Nothing is + 形容词比较级 + than to + V(谓语)
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education. (没有比接受教育更重要的事。)
S cannot emphasize the importance of sth. too much:再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。
例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. (我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。)
There is no doubt + that + 句子:毫无疑问,……
例句:There is no doubt that the economy is recovering. (毫无疑问,经济已经逐渐复苏。)
It pays to + V + O(宾语):……是值得的。
例句:It pays to help others. (帮助别人是值得的。)
An advantage of + 名词结构+ is that + 句子:……的优点是……
例句:An advantage of using solar energy is that it wont create any pollution.(使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。)
There is no denying that + 句子:不可否认……
例句:There is no denying that the quality of our life has gone from good to better. (不可否认,我们的生活质量日益改善。)
On no account can we + V:我们绝对不能……
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. (我们绝不能无视知识的价值。)
It is universally acknowledged that + 句子:全世界都知道……
例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable[不可或缺的] to us. (全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。)
The reason why + 句子 + is that + 句子:……的原因是……
例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. (我们必须种树的原因是它们能给我们提供新鲜空气。)
be closely related to sth.:与……息息相关
例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health. (做运动与健康息息相关。)
So + 形容词 + be + S + that + 句子:如此……以致于……
例句:So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it. (时间是如此珍贵,它经不起我们浪费。)
It is time + S + 动词过去式:该是……的时候了。
例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. (有关当局是时候采取适当措施解决交通问题了。)
S + enable + O + to + V:……使……能够……
例句:Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. (听音乐使我们获得放松。)
be + forced / obliged / compelled + to + V:不得不……
例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. (既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。)
a. + as + S + be, S + V + O:虽然……, 但是……
例句:Rich as our country is, the quality of our life is by no means satisfactory. (虽然我们的国家富有,但我们的生活质量仍差强人意。)
It is conceivable / obvious / apparent that + 句子:可想而知/明显/显然……
例句:It is apparent that knowledge plays an important role in our life. (显然,知识在我们人生中扮演着重要角色。)
The + 形容词比较级 + S + V, the + 形容词比较级 + S + V:……愈……,……愈……
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make. (愈努力,愈进步。)
Since + S + 动词过去式,S + 现在完成式: 自从……,……一直……
例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. (自从上了高中,他一直很用功。)
By + V-ing, S can V:通过……,……能够……
例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. (通过做运动,我们能够保持健康。)
be based on sth.:以.……为基础
例句:Progress in society is based on harmony. (社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。)
That is the reason why +句子:那就是……的原因
例句:Summer is sultry[闷热的]. That is the reason why I dont like it. (夏天很闷热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。)
There is no one but + V + O:没有人不……
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college. (没有人不渴望上大学。)
Due to / Owing to / Thanks to + sth. / V-ing:因为/ 多亏……
例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream. (因为他的鼓励,我终于实现了梦想。)
For the past + 时间, S + 现在完成式: 过去的……来,……一直……
例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination. (过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。)
What a + a. + n. + S + V!= How + a. + a + n. + V!:多么……!
例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise! / How important a thing it is to keep our promise! (遵守诺言是多么重要的事!)
get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V:养成……的习惯
例句:We should get into the habit of
keeping good hours. (我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。) leave much to be desired:令人不满意
例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired. (我们的交通状况令人不太满意。)
Those who + V + O:那些……的人
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. (违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。)
have a great influence on sth.:对……有很大影响
例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health. (抽烟对我们的健康有很大影响。)
spare no effort to + V:不遗余力地……
例句:We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. (我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。)
do good / harm to sth.:对……有益/有害
例句:Reading does good to our mind.(读书对心灵有益。)
pose a great threat to sth.:对……造成很大威胁
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. (污染对我们的生存造成很大威胁。)
bring home to + S + O:让……明白……
例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard. (我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。)
do ones utmost to + V = do ones best to + V:尽全力去……
例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life. (我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。)
篇13:1汉语环境影响英语写作的几个方面
全文共 743 字
+ 加入清单1.1词汇方面
如果把写英语作文比作建楼房的话,英语词汇在英语写作中起着砖、瓦的作用,是句子的最基本的组成部分,所以词汇是我们高中英语教学中的重点,单词听写是课堂教学必不可少的一个环节,但学生的词汇量毕竟有限,遇到问题时,便会用汉语词汇去补充英语词汇的空缺。
例如:交通十分繁忙。误:The traffic is busy. 正:The traffic is heavy.
她和一位教授结婚了。误:She married with a professor.
正:She married a professor.
英语词语的词义往往比较复杂,并和汉语有着一定区别。这种不同就会会导致学生仅把写作当作一词一句的翻译来做,结果是事倍功半。
1.2语法方面
英语中难点就是时态,语态的掌握。英语中常用时态共十六种,语态分为主动语态与被动语态,语气有陈述语气与虚拟语气之分。不同的时态有它特有的句法结构。如现在进行时态使用be+v-ing形式来表示。现在完成时则用have/has +p.p来表示。一般将来时则用shall/will/be going to+v来表示。英语中时间意义的表达是通过动词的时和体来加以反映,而汉语中不存在时、体等,汉语则依靠表示时间的副词(如“曾经”、“正在”、“已经”、“将要”)作状语,或利用虚词“了”、“着”、“过”等作补语这一语法手段来体现,动词本身无任何变化。在英语中,“already”和“ever”常常用在完成时态之中,不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。学生常常把上述句子错译成“Yesterday I have been to the park.”“Five years ago,they have known each other.”又如在英语中,我们常常用否定前置来
篇14:关于毕业论文的写作基础
全文共 4303 字
+ 加入清单撰写毕业论文必须坚持理论联系实际的原则。小编收集了关于毕业论文的写作基础,欢迎阅读。
一、坚持理论联系实际的原则
撰写毕业论文必须坚持理论联系实际的原则。理论研究,特别是社会科学的研究必须为现实服务,为社会主义现代化建设服务,为两个文明建设服务。理论来源于实践,又反作用于实践。科学的理论对实践有指导作用,能通过人们的实践活动转化为巨大的物质力量。科学研究的任务就在于揭示事物运动的规律性,并用这种规律性的认识指导人们的实践,推动社会的进步和发展。因此,毕业论文在选题和观点上都必须注重联系社会主义现代化建设的实际,密切注视社会生活中出现的新情况、新问题。
坚持理论研究的现实性,做到理论联系实际,就必须迈开双脚,深入实际,进行社会调查研究。这也是我们正确认识社会的基本途径。人们只有深入到实际中去,同客观事物广泛接触,获得大量的感性材料,然后运用科学的逻辑思维方法,对这些材料进行去粗取精,去伪存真,由此及彼,由表及里的加工制作,才能从中发现有现实意义而又适合自己研究的新课题。在我国改革开放的实践中,新情况、新问题、新经验层出不穷,需要研究的问题遍布社会的方方面面,只要我们对现实问题有浓厚的兴趣和高度的敏感性,善于捕捉那些生动而具有典型性的现实材料,通过深入的思考和研究,就能从中引出有利于社会主义现代化建设的规律性认识,提高毕业论文的价值。当然撰写毕业论文可选择的课题十分广泛,并不只限于现实生活中的问题,也可以研究专业基本理论,中西方比较研究等。但无论选择什么研究课题,都必须贯彻理论联系实际的原则,做到古为今用,洋为中用,从历史的研究中吸取有益于现实社会发展的经验教训,从对外国的研究中,借鉴其成功经验和失败的教训,或为我国的对外政策提供某些依据。
贯彻理论联系实际的原则和方法,必须认真读书,掌握理论武器。李瑞环同志指出:“强调联系实际,绝不意味着否定读书的重要,恰恰相反,更要认真地读,反复地读,深钻苦研,做到真正读懂弄通。否则,没有掌握理论,怎么谈得上理论联系实际?”(《求是》杂志1989年第24期)认真读书包括两个方面的内容,一是学好专业课,具备专业基础知识。这是写好毕业论文的前提和必要条件。经验告诉我们,只有具备了相应水平的知识积累,才能理解一定深度的学术问题;同时,也只有具备了某一特定的知识结构,才能对某学科中的问题进行研究。正如黑格尔所说,在讨论学术问题之前,必须“先有具备某种程度的知识”,否则,“没有凭借作为讨论出发的根据,于是他们只能徘徊于模糊空疏以及毫无意义的情况中”。(小逻辑》第三版序言)二是要认真学习马克思主义的基本原理,学会运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法分析问题、解决问题。马克思主义正确地揭示了自然界、人类社会和思维发展的最一般规律,成为无产阶级和革命人民认识世界和改造世界的强大思想武器。马克思主义作为伟大的认识工具,虽然并不直接提供解决各种具体问题的答案,但它对我们如何正确地发现问题,分析和解决问题提供了正确的立场、观点和方法,因此,大学毕业生在撰写毕业论文时,应当努力学习和掌握马克思主义基本理论,自觉地用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法来指导毕业论文的写作。
二、立论要科学,观点要创新
(一)立论要科学
毕业论文的科学性是指文章的基本观点和内容能够反映事物发展的客观规律。文章的基本观点必须是从对具体材料的分析研究中产生出来,而不是主观臆想出来的。科学研究作用就在于揭示规律,探索真理,为人们认识世界和改造世界开拓前进的道路。判断一篇论文有无价值或价值之大小,首先是看文章观点和内容的科学性如何。
文章的科学性首先来自对客观事物的周密而详尽的调查研究。掌握大量丰富而切合实际的材料,使之成为“谋事之基,成事之道”。
其次,文章的科学性通常取决于作者在观察、分析问题时能否坚持实事求是的科学态度。在科学研究中,既不容许夹杂个人的偏见,又不能人云亦云,更不能不着边际地凭空臆想,而必须从分析出发,力争做到如实反映事物的本来面目。
再次,文章是否具有科学性,还取决于作者的理论基础和专业知识。写作毕业论文是在前人成就的基础上,运用前人提出的科学理论去探索新的问题。因此,必须准确地理解和掌握前人的理论,具有广博而坚实的知识基础。如果对毕业论文所涉及领域中的科学成果一无所知,那就根本不可能写出有价值的论文。
(二)观点要创新
毕业论文的创新是其价值所在。文章的创新性,一般来说,就是要求不能简单地重复前人的观点,而必须有自己的独立见解。学术论文之所以要有创新性,这是由科学研究的目的决定的。从根本上说,人们进行科学研究就是为了认识那些尚未被人们认识的领域,学术论文的写作则是研究成果的文字表述。因此,研究和写作过程本身就是一种创造性活动。从这个意义上说,学术论文如果毫无创造性,就不成其为科学研究,因而也不能称之为学术论文。毕业论文虽然着眼于对学生科学研究能力的基本训练,但创造性仍是其着力强调的一项基本要求。
当然,对学术论文特别是毕业论文创造性的具体要求应作正确的理解。它可以表现为在前人没有探索过的新领域,前人没有做过的新题目上做出了成果;可以表现为在前人成果的基础上作进一步的研究,有新的发现或提出了新的看法,形成一家之言3也可以表现为从一个新的角度,把已有的材料或观点重新加以概括和表述。文章能对现实生活中的新问题作出科学的说明,提出解决的方案,这自然是一种创造性;即使只是提出某种新现象、新问题,能引起人们的注意和思考,这也不失为一种创造性。国家科委成果局在1983年3月发布的《发明奖励条例》中指出:“在科学技术成就中只有改造客观世界的才是发明,……至于认识客观世界的科学成就,则是发现。”条例中对“新”作了明确规定:“新”是指前人所没有的。凡是公知和公用的,都不是“新”。这些规定,可作为我们衡量毕业论文创造性的重要依据。
根据《条例》所规定的原则,结合写作实践,衡量毕业论文的创造性,可以从以下几个具体方面来考虑:
(1)所提出的问题在本专业学科领域内有一定的理论意义或实际意义,并通过独立研究,提出了自己一定的认识和看法。
(2)虽是别人已研究过的问题,但作者采取了新的论证角度或新的实验方法,所提出的结论在一定程度上能够给人以启发。
(3)能够以自已有力而周密的分析,澄清在某一问题上的混乱看法。虽然没有更新的见解,但能够为别人再研究这一问题提供一些必要的条件和方法。
(4)用较新的理论、较新的方法提出并在一定程度上解决了实际生产、生活中的问题,取得一定的效果。或为实际问题的解决提供新的思路和数据等。
(5)用相关学科的理论较好地提出并在一定程度上解决本学科中的问题。
(6)用新发现的材料(数据、事实、史实、观察所得等)来证明已证明过的观点。
科学研究中的创造性要求对前人已有的结论不盲从,而要善于独立思考,敢于提出自己的独立见解,敢于否定那些陈旧过时的结论,这不仅要有勤奋的学习态度,还必须具有追求真理、勇于创新的精神。要正确处理继承与创新的关系,任何创新都不是凭空而来的,总是以前人的成果为基础。因此,我们要认真地学习、研究和吸收前人的成果。但是这种学习不是不加分析地生吞活剥,而是既要继承,又要批判和发展。
三、论据要翔实,论证要严密
(一)论据要翔实
一篇优秀的毕业论文仅有一个好的主题和观点是不够的,它还必须要有充分、翔实的论据材料作为支持。旁征博引、多方佐证,是毕业论文有别于一般性议论文的明显特点。一般性议论文,作者要证明一个观点,有时只需对一两个论据进行分析就可以了,而毕业论文则必须以大量的论据材料作为自己观点形成的基础和确立的支柱。作者每确立一个观点,必须考虑:用什么材料做主证,什么材料做旁证;对自己的观点是否会有不同的意见或反面意见,对他人持有的异议应如何进行阐释或反驳。毕业论文要求作者所提出的观点、见解切切实实是属于自己的,而要使自己的观点能够得到别人的承认,就必须有大量的、充分的、有说服力的理由来证实自己观点的正确。
毕业论文的论据要充分,还须运用得当。一篇论文中不可能也没有必要把全部研究工作所得,古今中外的事实事例、精辟的论述、所有的实践数据、观察结果、调查成果等全部引用进来,而是要取其必要者,舍弃可有可无者。论据为论点服务,材料的简单堆积不仅不能证明论点,强有力地阐述论点,反而给人以一种文章拖咨、杂乱无章、不得要领的感觉。因而在已收集的大量材料中如何选择必要的论据显得十分重要。一般来说,要注意论据的新颖性、典型性、代表性,更重要的是考虑其能否有力地阐述观点。
毕业论文中引用的材料和数据,必须正确可靠,经得起推敲和验证,即论据的正确性。具体要求是,所引用的材料必须经过反复证实。第一手材料要公正,要反复核实,要去掉个人的好恶和想当然的推想,保留其客观的真实。第二手材料要究根问底,查明原始出处,并深领其意,而不得断章取义。引用别人的材料是为自己的论证服务,而不得作为篇章的点缀。在引用他人材料时,需要下一番筛选、鉴别的功夫,做到准确无误。写作毕业论文,应尽量多引用自己的实践数据、调查结果等作为佐证。如果文章论证的内容,是作者自己亲身实践所得出的结果,那么文章的价值就会增加许多倍。当然,对于掌握知识有限、实践机会较少的大学生来讲,在初次进行科学研究中难免重复别人的劳动,在毕业论文中较多地引用别人的实践结果、数据等,在所难免。但如果全篇文章的内容均是间接得来的东西的组合,很少有自己亲自动手得到的东西,那也就完全失去了写作毕业论文的意义。
(二)论证要严密
论证是用论据证明论点的方法和过程。论证要严密、富有逻辑性,这样才能使文章具有说服力。从文章全局来说,作者提出问题、分析问题和解决问题,要符合客观事物的规律,符合人们对客观事物认识的程序,使人们的逻辑程序和认识程序统一起来,全篇形成一个逻辑整体。从局部来说,对于某一问题的分析,某一现象的解释,要体现出较为完整的概念、判断、推理的过程。
毕业论文是以逻辑思维为主的文章样式,它诉诸理解大量运用科学的语体,通过概念、判断、推理来反映事物的本质或规律,从已知推测未知,各种毕业论文都是采用这种思维形式。社会科学论文往往是用已知的事实,采取归纳推理的形式,求得对未知的认识。要使论证严密,富有逻辑性,必须做到:(1)概念判断准确,这是逻辑推理的前提;(2)要有层次、有条理的阐明对客观事物的认识过程;(3)要以论为纲,虚实结合,反映出从“实”到“虚”,从“事”到“理”,即由感性认识上升到理性认识的飞跃过程。
此外,撰写毕业论文还应注意文体式样的明确性、规范性。学术论文、调查报告、科普读
篇15:2024应用文写作基础知识最新
全文共 1406 字
+ 加入清单作为职业经理人,尤其是每天批文十数件以上,且直辖员工达到5人以上的,你们是否经常因为文件起草不标准的问题而烦恼?那么今天,我们将为您解决这个困扰!——起草公文的基本排版格式
标题:二号方正大标宋(党口公文),二号方正小标宋(政口公文)
副标题为三号宋体加粗,格式为右对齐,作者单位全称、作者职务、姓名(注明“根据录音整理”及讲话的时间)
一、标题规范
1、标题字体。
标题字体为华文中宋,小二号字,加粗,格式为居中。副标题为宋体,三号字,加粗,格式为右对齐。
2、作者与题注。
一般公文只有标题,没有作者和题注。
如属讲话稿之类要标明作者的,应在标题下一行加上作者单位全称、作者职务、姓名,职务与姓名之间空一格。如属汇报类公文,则标明汇报单位全称,用楷体,三号字,加粗,居中。
如果属录音整理则应在讲话者的下一行注明“根据录音整理”及讲话的时间;如属汇报类公文,则要标注汇报时间。这一行全部用楷体,三号,加粗,居中;这一行往往要用小括号括起来。
二、抬头规范
请示、报告、函等公文应有明确的抬头。有抬头的,抬头顶格。一般发往全系统的文件抬头为“各地级市工商行政管理局”;要发往含广州、深圳在内的全系统则为“各地级以上市工商行政管理局”;如果仅发往部分市局则用“珠海、汕头等市工商行政管理局”。发往省局机关内部则是“省局机关各处室、直属各单位”;如果仅发部分处室则是“省局机关有关处室,直属有关单位”;收文单位少的,则直接用收文单位规范简称(见省局电话号码表)。同时发往市局与省局机关处室的,市局与省局机关处室之间用逗号,处室与直属单位之间用顿号。发往其它单位的公文一律用规范名称作抬头。
原则上省局不直接往县级单位发文。
三、纲目规范
1、一级标题。
一级标题为黑体字,标号后用顿号,标题尾无标点符号。一级标题应单独为一段。(例:一、标题规范)
2、二级标题。
二级标题用国标楷体,加粗,标题用括号;标号与标题之间没有符号,标题尾用句号。二级标题原则上应单独为一段。(例:(二)二级标题。)
3、三级标题。
三级标题用阿拉伯数字,标题文字用国标仿宋,加粗;标号与标题之间用小园点(要用全角),标题尾用句号。三级标题可根据实际情况单独或不独立设为一段。(例: 3.三级标题。)
4、四级标题。
四级标题用小括号阿拉伯数字,字体字号与正文一致;标号与标题之间没有符号。四级标题原则上不单独设段。(例:(4)四级标题。)
5、正文。
抬头与正文一律用国标仿宋,小三号,两端对齐,段前空两格(一般是中文两个汉字的距离),标点符号一律用全角。文本用标准A4纸,页面设置用标准格式(即页边距设置为上、下为2.54厘米,左右为3.17厘米,页眉1.5厘米,页脚1.75厘米,文档网络设置为“只指定行网络”,每页44行)。
标题之前空一行;标题与正文之间空一行;正文中一般不出现空行。
四、落款规范
如起草省局文件,应在文章结尾、正文右下角标注时间,但不标注起草单位(落款处发文时盖章);如果起草素质教育中心文件,则应在文章结尾标注单位和时间;如起草领导讲话及汇报等公文,因题注部分已经有作者和时间,不再另添加落款和时间。
如果属录音整理,应在文章结尾标明整理人,整理时间。
其它文体可不标注单位和时间。标注时间用“插入”中的“插入时间”(中文格式)例如“二○一五年五月二十日”。
任何公文、记录、整理都应插入页码。
篇16:最新高考英语写作必备句式
全文共 20174 字
+ 加入清单下面是语文迷小编整理提供的100个英语写作句式,欢迎大家阅读参考。
1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.
许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful
effects of international tourism.
应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。
10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。
13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。
16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.
没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。
22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。
26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
从这几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。
27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。
28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
这是一个关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。
29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
我同意后者,有如下理由:
30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。
31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。
32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减少,自行车可能会消亡, 然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。
33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
环境学家指出:持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。
35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。
36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
尽管自行车有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。
37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。
38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。
39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。
40. This issue has caused wide public concern.
这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
必须指出学习只能靠自己。
42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.
许多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。
43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:
44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。
45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。
46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。
47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。
49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
对大多数人来讲,退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。
51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.
对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的争论。
52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。
53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day
近几十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。
54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。
55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。
56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
现在,越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。
57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.
人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。
58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.
同时,随着这些机器带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。
59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.
第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。
61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.
根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。
63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.
通过以上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。
64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.
近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。
65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.
许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。
66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.
但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。
67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:
就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下:
68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.
另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。
69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.
由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。
70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.
近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。
71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.
这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。
72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。
73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.
首先,额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后,从事一些体育活动,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。
74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.
孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。
75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。
76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.
而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。
78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。
79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.
现在,父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。
81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。
82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.
然而,这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,他们指出,孩子总是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的。
83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.
尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力,但是必须承认,与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比,他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。
84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论:尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。
85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.
应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园,这将对孩子,家庭,甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。
86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.
只要一提起艺术和文化项目,一些政府领导就会兴奋不已,他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中,没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。
87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.
这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上,基础设施建设非常重要,应该放在首位。
88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客,这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。
89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.
然而,很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。
90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.
通过以上讨论,我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面,基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。
91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.
那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点,将会付出他们无法承受的代价。
92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.
农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。
93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.
一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术。
94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.
必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。
95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。
96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.
许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。
97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.
建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。
98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.
总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.
尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。
100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.
我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。
篇17:2024考研英语写作素材:英语个性签名
全文共 1001 字
+ 加入清单Love,It would have to be to you
[爱,它只属于你]
Softhearted is sick, but you are life.
心软是病,可你是命.
island is the scar of the sea
[岛是海的疤痕]
You ever far is my fixed lattice
(你永远是我的定格.)
The time that you are my most fatal.
时光深知你是我最致命的爱
Learn to sorrow blind eye.
[学会熟视无睹对于悲伤]
You dont laugh tears away.
[你别笑了眼泪都掉了]
I want to be your bride .
【 我想成为你的新娘 】
Lets make thing better.
(让我们做得更好)
Does not belong to me,I will let go
不属于我的 我会离开.
I am not greed but I envy.
我没有贪婪 我羡慕海枯石烂.
Let the time tell the truth.
任由时间说真话
Promises are often like the dust
承诺像尘埃
Everybody wants to be loved
谁都想被疼爱
I will always be, even if love pale.
我会一直在,纵使爱变苍白
The time that you are my most fatal
时光深知你是我最致命的爱人
Let me make you whole life youth
[愿我许你一生青涩年华]
You are my most adventure youth dream
[你是我年少时最冒险的梦]
If through time, through love
[倘若看透时光看透爱]
Who gives us meet but not concurrently give us forever.
是谁赐我们遇见 却不一并赠我们永远。
I think I will love you for a long time
我想我会爱你很久
Laugh Until You Cry; Cry Until You Laugh
笑到终于哭出来;哭到终于笑出来。
You were never mine to lose.
你从来就不属于我,谈不上什么失去
篇18:计划文书的写作基础和注意事项
全文共 2865 字
+ 加入清单计划类文书,是机关团体为达到某一目标或完成某一任务,对目标达到、任务完成前特定时段工作的设计和安排类文书。计划类文书包括规划、纲要、计划、安排等文种。小编收集了计划文书的写作基础和注意事项,欢迎阅读。
一、计划文书的种类与作用
计划一类的文书,有计划、规划、方案、纲要、要点、打算、设想、预测和意见等,这些文种的内容都是写的未来,即还没有发生或将要发生的东西。但是,它们之间有范围、时间、粗细、远近等方面的差别。一般地说,规划、纲要的时间跨度大、范围广,带有全面性和长期性;方案、预测的时间跨度小,多指专项工作,思考得较细;计划的时间有长有短,内容可全面可单项,如五年计划、年度计划、季度和月度计划,其内容有国民经济发展计划、工业生产计划、教育工作计划等;设想、打算属于初步的或非正式的东西,设想的时间较长,打算的时间较短,思考不很周密,带有粗线条的想法。因此,作者可以根据内容、时间、重要程度等多种要求,确定选用哪一个文种。例如,考虑未来的十年可用规划,考虑未来的三、五年可用计划、考虑近期的要做的某项工作可用方案、意见、打算等。
计划文书在工作中有着很重要的作用:一是可以明确奋斗的目标和方向;二是对人们的行为可以作指导性的规范;三是可以激励人们的热情和斗志。
二、计划文书的基本特点
写计划一类的文书,必须了解其基本特点:
1、超前性。做任何工作都要有超前思想,而写计划文书这一点尤为突出。因为,规划、计划必须事前制定,所以,在制定规划、计划前,必须有超前思想,才使规划、计划立于不败之地。
2、创新性。不论是中、长期计划,还是近期计划,其内容都要有新意。如果每年的计划都是老套套,那么这个计划可以不要。对一个地区来说,在发展的规划、计划中,要有新项目、新指标、新措施、新的增长点。否则,这个地区的经济建设望洋兴叹能前进,甚至倒退。对一个企业来说,在发展的规划、计划中,要有新产品、新技术、新的经营战略,否则,这个企业不仅不能发展,而且连生存也难以为继。所以,写计划文书一定要坚持创新精神。
3、指导性。规划、计划、方案等经过上级机关审批以后,就具有权威性。它既是行动的方向,又是指导工作的根据。所以,写计划文书前一定要认真调查研究,落笔慎重,防止失误。
4、客观性。计划文书虽然是人们主观意志对未来的设想,但是,这种思想并不是幻想,或者胡思乱想,而是有依据、有实现可能的设想,符合客观事物发展的规律。一般地说,在写规划、计划前,先要深入调查,充分占有资料,了解各种因素,在此基础上,综合分析研究,提出切实可行的任务、指标和措施。因此,计划文书是主观和客观的统一,不是纯主观的产物。
三、计划文书的一般写法
计划文书的结构,大体可分为:
标题:计划文书的标题直截了当,是什么规划、计划就是什么名称,不转弯抹角,不需要文采式的或形象生动的标题;一般也不分正副标题。例如,某某市国民经济第九个五年计划,某某县“九五”农业发展规划,某某乡2000年植树造林计划。有时在地区或单位下面插入“关于”介词,如某某局关于2000年工作计划,有点类似公文标题。总之,计划文书的标题,应该按照规划、计划的时间和内容来确定。
正文:计划文书在通常情况下,分为四个部分:
第一部分,导言。它介绍写此规划或计划的背景,交待其依据,说明目的及其重要意义。按照意思分层次写,不一定用一二三四等序数词来排列。(这部分的篇幅不要太长,如中长期的计划可以多说一些,年度工作计划或忖项工作计划用几句话交待一下根据就行),使人知道这个规划、计划是有依据的,不是凭空写的。
第二部分,任务(含指标)。这部分是计划文书的核心,也是奋斗的目标和方向。计划文书中如果不提任务、指标,那就没有制定规划、计划的必要。任务包括两个方面:一是总的任务和指标,说明本地区本单位在计划期内,经济增长的总体水平,达到怎样的规模,经济总量的发展要求;二是具体任务,比如农业、工业、交通、财政、金融、科技、教育、文化、卫生等行业的任务和指标,以及发展的程度。总的任务要概括写,具体任务应分项分条写。这样使人看了一目了然,知道在规划或计划期间,该地区该单位的总任务是什么,各行各业的具体任务是什么,做到心中有数、目标明确。
上述任务部分是指大的全面的计划而言,至于短期计划和某项工作计划,不必要这样分开写,总的任务和具体任务可合并起来,可分条写,也可不分条写。因为这类计划比较简单,内容又不太复杂。
第三部分,因素分析。这部分是对完成任务的各种有利因素和不利因素的分析,也可以说对完成任务的可能性进行评估,说明完成任务的有利条件有哪些,不利条件或困难有哪些,从而充分利用有利条件,正视不利因素与困难,达到趋利避害,完成与超额完成计划任务。写这部分时可梳理成几条写写,即有利条件几条、不利条件几条,对于那些不稳定的可变因素还要估计在内。既不要把各种因素写得过分具体,也不能写得空洞抽象,点明了,说到为止。因为因素分析,毕竟属于依据客观情况推断出来的认识,难免不含有个人的意志,决不能把话说死了。
第四部分,措施和步骤。这部分是计划文书的重点,也是任务部分的延伸。没有任务,就谈不上措施;没有措施,任务就是空中楼阁。所以,写计划文书两大部分最重要:一个是任务,一个是措施。这是相互依存、不可缺少的两部分。写措施可梳理几条写,可用一二三四序数词,亦可用小标题,使措施之间隔开,重要的放前面,将要的放后面,尽可能写细写实,便于执行单位操作。至于不太重要的措施,可概括写,一笔而过,也可省略不写。
计划文书的四个部分,在内容上是有机的联系,是一环套一环的。即使结构有改变,或写三个部分,或写五个部分,也是四部分内容的某一部分的展开或浓缩。不管如何调整,这样三个问题是要回答的,即写计划文书的依据是什么,它的任务要求是什么,怎样来完成这个任务。只要掌握这些原则,就能驾驭自如,写好计划文书。
四、写计划文书应注意三点
1、基础材料要准确。计划文书中的设想是建筑在各种材料基础上的,是科学的设想,符合客观事物发展的规律,并不是毫无根据的天方夜谭。因此,写计划文书的各种基础材料,包括数据、信息、资源情况、历史资料等凡是需要参考的资料,一定要准确、真实、不能有假。如果以假材料为依据,推测出来的设想,将使规划、计划很难实现,还会造成重大失误。
2、任务指标有余地。计划文书里所提出来的任务、指标和各种措施要求,一定要实事求是,既不能脱离现实、好高骛远,也不能因循守旧、停滞不前。否则,不是保守,就是冒进。所以,在任务、指标、措施上应留有余地,允许上升的空间。就是说,在充分调动群众积极性的基础上,经过努力,可以实现和超额完成计划。
3、使用朴实的语言。计划文书与总结、调查报告不同,不需要生动、形象的语言,也不要更多的修辞方法,一般使用相实、庄重的语言。因为计划文书的内容,都是要求人们未来做的,只有理解明白,才能做,才能执行。所以,语言要朴实无华,不能似是而非、模棱两可,特别是任务指标决不能含糊,一定要清清楚楚,表达准确,这是计划文书对语言的要求。
篇19:高考英语写作四大流程介绍
全文共 1345 字
+ 加入清单拿到英语试题不知道从哪里下手吗?那么下面这套英语写作流程对你会有一定的帮助。
一.审题。
拿到题目后,手中拿铅笔,手脑眼嘴并用,开始审题。看题目的要求是什么,要点是什么,特殊要求是什么。譬如你是叫李华,还是随便一个名字? 要议论文还是记叙文?对分几段写有无要求?等等。诸如此类的硬性要求信息,都最好用铅笔划下来,以免出错,也许你一开始会记得,可随着时间的流逝,你会不会因紧张而遗忘这些信息呢?还是小心为妙。边看最好边张嘴默读,这样就不会遗漏或忽略任何一个字了。
二.草稿。
有的同学怕出错,全文都打草稿再誊写,我姑且认为不太可取,毕竟考场时间宝贵,即使我有四十分钟时间写作文也不敢贸然这么做,更何况考场时我们留给作文的时间往往一再被压缩。有的同学不打草稿,我认为更不太可取。一来容易出错,二来边写边想思维不连贯,即使思维连贯也无法审词酌句,展现自己最好的一面,容易后悔。
草稿怎么打?
1.结构就是你打算分几段写,每段都写什么?哪段转哪段承哪段起合?心里都要是有谱的。
2.关键词:结构拟定后,迅速在草稿纸上写下自己这篇作文可能用到的一些关键词。包括一些漂亮的词和自己可能会忘记的词。主要是动词和名词。
譬如一省作文题: 假设你的名字是李华,亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办,现招募志愿者。你希望成为志愿者。申请信的格式已经写好了,你直接写内容就可以。你的个人情况:年龄性别学历,个人条件。英语好,爱好体育,擅长交际,乐于助人。承诺提供最佳服务。
关键词就是学历、爱好、擅长、乐于、承诺,和你对这篇作文初步构思时想到的一些词。先把这些词(指词的英文表达)写在纸上。有一些词的拼写,譬如学历,可能你本身就记得不是特别清楚,这时一定要在开始写作文前先把它写下来,以免一会因干扰而遗忘。
可能看到聪明这个关键词时,你最初写下的往往是clever,再仔细想想,你是不是又想到了smart,deligient好多词,挑个漂亮和合适的用吧。再比如转折,你写了but,这会再想想,是不是又有一堆表示转折的词在你脑里打转呢?挑一个吧。千万别用but.
3.句式:词写下来了,其实你构建这篇作文的建筑材料就到位了,下步就是要把它们盖成漂亮的作文。先用最普通的陈述句把它们在头脑中过一遍,然后看看都能改成什么句式。能不能把一句陈述句改成问句?能不能用上一个双重否定句?能不能用一个主语从句套定语从句的长句?能不能用一个插入语?等等。把你高中三年的英语积累展示出来。在草稿纸上同样标注。
三.正式写。
这样的草稿打完后,就要快快写了。注意,英语作文的卷面简直太重要了,一定要把字写整齐,写大。没有把握的词和句子不用。别忘了遵守你最初用铅笔划下的题目的规定。
四.检查。
注意,最最重要的一步来了。尽管很小心,可是我们写英语作文还是会犯下很多错误。单词拼写的,大小写的,等等。这些错误会极大破坏我们在阅卷老师心目中的形象,一定要坚决誓死消灭。即使时间再紧,请务必留下1——2分钟检查作文的时间,消除隐性错误。
需要说明的是,英语的开头和结尾是最关键的,尤其是开头。基本上,不跑题,遵守题目要求,一个漂亮的开头,一个还过得去的结尾,2-3个高级词汇,1-2个漂亮的句子,加上整齐的字迹,作文的分就不会低了哦。所以,精心为你的作文想个漂亮的开头吧。
篇20:英语四级写作高分方法集锦
全文共 2115 字
+ 加入清单【提要】英语四六级四级信息 : 20176月英语四级写作高分黄金句式【1】
▌列举法
列举法是四级写作中常用的方法,一般用first, second等一系列标志词引出原因或者可能的影响等。列举法常用的素材有:
引出列举
1. There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/are responsible for/can explain ______. 也许有一些因素造成/可以解释______。
2. There are probably three/many/several/a variety of reasons for this dramatic/significant increase/decline in ______.引起______显著增长/下降的原因有三个/许多/几个/很多。
3. Some reasons can explain this trend. 一些原因可以解释这一趋势。
4. Why ______ ?为什么______?
5. The causes of ______ are varied. They include______ , perhaps the main cause is ______. 造成______的原因有很多,包括______,主要原因可能是______。
6. The reason for this is not far to seek. 这一问题的原因不难发现。
7. It is no easy task to identify the reasons for this phenomenon which involves several complicated factors. 要找出这一现象的原因并非易事,因为它涉及若干复杂的因素。
8. There are numerous reasons why ______, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here. ______的原因有很多,这里我只想探讨其中几个最重要的原因。
9. There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon, and the following are the typical ones. 导致这种现象的原因有很多,以下是其中比较有代表性的。
10. There are many reasons explaining this case. As for me, I regard the following as the typical ones. 有很多原因可以解释该问题。就我而言,我认为以下原因比较典型。
11. A number of factors could account for/contribute to/lead to/result in the change of ______. 引起______变化的因素有很多。
分条列举
1. In the first place, ______. In the second place______ .首先,______。其次,______。
2. First,______ . Second, ______ . 首先,______。其次,______。
3. To begin with, ______. Secondly, ______. Last but not least, ______.首先,______。其次,______。最后但并不是最不重要的,______。
4. The first reason is that ______. The second one is ______. The third is ______. 第一个原因是______。第二个原因是______。第三个原因是______。
5. First of all, ______. Secondly,______ . Furthermore,______ .首先,______。其次,______。另外,______。
6. For one thing, ______. For another, ______.一方面,______。另一方面,______。
7. Firstly, ______. Secondly, ______. Thirdly, ______.首先,______。其次,______。再次,______。
8. Another reason why I disagree with the above statements is that I believe______.我不同意上述观点的另一个原因是我认为______。
▌对比法
对比法是指通过对比两种截然不同的观点来陈述其中的利弊,从而得出自己的结论。对比法常用的素材有:
1. The advantages gained in ______ outweigh/are much g