英语日记写作技巧（最新20篇）

Thanksgiving which falls on the fourth Thursday of November, is one of the

biggest American holidays. This holiday started in the early 1600s after

settlers arrived in America. These people who came from Europe didnt know how

to survive in the wild new country. Luckily, they met some friendly American

Indians, who showed them how to hunt turkeys and grow corn. In the fall, after

the harvest, the settlers had a great feast. They invited the Indians to thank

them for their help. Today the tradition continues. On Thanksgiving Day,

Americans invite their friends over for a turkey dinner and give thanks for what

they have.

Today, I did housework for grandmother. She is not very healthy and I

decide to do housework for her more frequently. And she will feel happy and

become better. Suddenly, an idea hit me that it’s terrible to grow old becuase

you have to worry about both your health and others’ opinions. Once again, I

make a decision to be a good girl.

今天，我帮助了奶奶做家务。奶奶的身体不好。我以后要常帮她做事。这样她就会高兴身体也会好一些。突然觉得，人老了真不好。不但身体不会好，而且一不小心就会惹得大家讨厌。我又做了一个决定，以后一定要做个乖孩子。

One Sunday my mother （Mother） had （made） me take my little young brother to the a trip to the country. She bade me take good care of him.

While we were walking along the road, the sun was shining brightly and the breeze was blowing gently. We saw the beautiful flowers smile （smiling） at us and heard the birds sing （singing） their sweet songs on the trees. The scenery was indeed very pretty （beautiful）。

When we felt tired, we returned home. We saw Mother （our mother） wait （waiting） for us at the door.

有一个星期日，我母亲叫我带小弟弟去乡村游历。她吩咐我要好好照料他(www.kuaidu.com.cn)。

当我们沿着道路行走的时候，太阳灿烂地照耀着，微风轻轻地吹着。我们看见美丽的花儿对我们微笑着，并听见鸟儿在树上唱着悦耳的歌曲，风景实十分美丽。

当我们感觉到疲倦的时候，我们就回家了。我们看见母样正在门口等候我们。

My best friend is Li Ming. We are in the same class.

He is as old as me, but he is taller and stronger than me. Both of us have black eyes and black hair, but his hair is shorter than mine.

As for hobbies, we have something in common  in some ways. I like the friends who have the same hobbies with me. Both of us like sports. We often exercises together after school. But he is more outgoing and better at sports than me. Besides, collecting stamps is our same hobby, too. We often exchange our stamps with each other.

About the learning, I think I’m a little smarter than him. Most of my subjects are better than his, so I often help him with his study.

Now I want to say something about my dream. What is my dream? I often ask

myself. In my mind, everyone shall have his own dream. I think that having a

dream means that we have an idea, and then we will do all the things to achieve

the target. As long as we have a goal to be realized, we won’t be blind at

least.

My dream is to become a successful doctor, helping those sick people and

saving their lives. Of course, to be a good doctor is very difficult, but I will

do whatever I can do to keep everyone healthy. Thats my dream. I want to try my

best to help the poor sick people of our country. I want to let them have an

opportunity to receive excellent treatments for their illnesses without having

to pay much or just enjoy them free. China is a developing country which needs

good medicine and good doctors, especially in the countryside and distant

villages.

Now I’m a junior student on Grade One, all my classmates and I are working

hard. We all know that the entrance exam of high schools coming in the year of

2009 is a big challenge for us, so we must study harder and harder in order to

go to a good high school. Thus after we finish our senior high school, we are

able to go to a good university. Finally, we can find a good job in society.

My dream is also that although at present I’m good at study, I’ll still try

my best to be the study winner. Now everything I do is close to my dream. I feel

life is fill with hope and is colorful, and I have enough confidence to realize

my dream.

I know that fantasy is something hard to realize, but dream can. I’ll work

hard for my dreams, I’ll never give up.

I like to surf the internet， fix puters， use smart phones and take photoes.

And I found my hobbies were popular with people around me. If my co-workers have

trouble with puter or smart phone， they will ask me to help. When I go out for a

trip， I will take many photoes for others. Today I helped my friends nephew

install QQ messenger on his iphone4 and access to the internet through

Wi-fi.

I like to study， not to play Majiang.

一、compare与contrast的误用

我们先从两者的定义入手来看两者的区别。Compare的定义为：to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定义为：to compare two or more things to show the difference between them. 由定义不难看出前者侧重于找到两个或多个事物的异同，而后者则侧重于它们的不同。

看个例句：

It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours。

前一句翻译为：对比一下我们的情况与他们的情况会很有趣。

后一句的翻译为：我们的情况与他们的情况有很大的不同，这很有趣。

再看一个引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNERS DICTIONARY的例子：

There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West。

The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier。

When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast。

不难发现，Compare 翻译为 与。。。相比而contrast可译为明显不同的是。。。，切记这种翻译方式就不会用错彼此了。

二、介词使用错误

1、普通介词的误用

一般表现为固定搭配错误，如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等，虽然这样的错误看似无伤大雅，但在考官眼里就是影响顺畅阅读的，当然会影响最终成绩。解决的办法简单而古老：把常见的固定搭配牢记于心，问题自然就解决了。

2、to作为介词的误用

to最常见的用法是以动词不定式符号的形式出现的，所以同学们也已经习惯了 to do的固定搭配。对于一些如walk to me, to the left等介词to表方向等常见用法一般也不会出现错误。但是对于与动词搭配的介词to就会经常犯错：

如：

More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。

这里的 take to means to begin to do sth as a habit 其中 to为介词，所以后面只能接名词或相当于名词的词，如动名词。所以黑体处应改为depending on。take to的另一个常用用法也需要牢记：

He hasnt taken to his new school. (这里take to means to start liking sb or sth)

Prefer A to B中的 to也是介词，会有 prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else, 这里朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒您，prefer to do sth rather than do sth中的to可是真正的不定式符号。

类似的常用用法请同学们牢记：

Be used to doing

Be accustomed to doing

See to doing

Adapt to doing

Adjust to doing

prefer doing sth. to doing sth。

等等，请注意平时仔细积累。

三、assume及claim使用不够准确

我们知道， think, assume, claim是议论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中，同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的，完全可以代换，所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同：

Think: to have opinion or belief about sth。

翻译为认为，通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。

Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。

翻译为假设、假定，是否有事实依据是不确定的。

Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。

翻译为声称，用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点，所以很少用作 I claim that

Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, 。

所以 It is claimed that 通常翻译为有报道称。。。。和it is reported that 的区别在于后者翻译为据报道，往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容，

Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision

翻译为考虑，一般不用作引出观点，看个例子：

We are considering buying a new car。

所以，提醒您，千万不要在雅思大作文的第一段(观点表达段)就因为用词把握不准而导致对整篇文章的低分印象。

四、表建议的词汇后面忘记用虚拟从句

这是摘自学生作文中的一个病句：

I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school。

因为 suggest翻译为建议，所以后面的从句应该用虚拟语气，黑体部分应该改为 (should) continue

提醒您，一定要牢记以下常见表建议的词汇，而且要记住这些词接从句时要用虚拟语气：

Recommend, suggest, advise

五、such as与for example的混用

我们知道，在表示举例子的时候，such as 与like是完全等同的，如：Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare。

但是同学们对于Such as、for example 的把握还是不够准确。我们都知道，后者接句子前者接词语表示举例子。于是就有了下面的写法：

There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian。

这里的such as改为 for example为好，因为in French and Italian其实是there is a similar word in French and Italian的简化，所以要用 for example来引出例证。再来看几个类似的例子：

It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics。

最后，要提醒各位考生，在平时的写作中绝对不能放过任何的模棱两可，只有平时斤斤计较才能做到写作使人精确。

一、充分准备，打好基础。

为了提高初一英语作文写作水平，平时应加强阅读，多背诵一些句形、段落甚至短文。俗话说：“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”，只有多读，多记，多背诵，才能出口成章，下笔成文。此外，写好初一英语作文还要掌握一些应用文体的写作方法，如书信、日记、通知等，它们大多有固定的格式。

二、认真审题，明确要求

在写初一英语作文的时候仔细看清写作要求和提示，分清材料的主次，接着确定体裁、格式和人物、地点等要素;最后确定时态，同时考虑相关的语态搭配用法。

三、遣词造句、表达规范

初一英语作文用词要恰当，不可逐句把提示翻译成英语。写作时，应尽量选用你最熟悉、最有把握的词和句型来表达思想。如果有些单词不会些，有些句型不会表达，可以设法绕开，用熟悉的同义词、同义短语或同义句来代替。要学会善于运用适当的关联词，如and, or, but, so，because, since等，以使初一英语作文行文逻辑紧密，自然流畅。

四、认真撰写，卷面整洁

初一英语考试中也会有初一英语作文题，如果时间允许，书面表达一定要先写草稿。在抄写入答题卷前，要先进行检查修改。首先检查所写内容是否切题;之后检查主题是否明确，表达方式是否恰当;最后检查所用时态、语态、人称是否符合要求，前后是否一致。

中考复习研讨会指导课件，极具价值。

关联词

1.表示并列或递进: and, as well as, both…and,

not only…but also, neither…nor;

2.表示选择: or, either…or;

3.表示转折: but, however, although, though, after all,

4.表示因果: because, so, therefore

5.表示条件: if , unless

6.表示对比: instead, not…but,

on the one hand…on the other hand;

7.表示解释: for example, for instance, such as,

that is to say, in other words;

8.表示顺序: to begin with, firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next,

later, since then, from then on, finally, in the end;

9.表示强调: also, besides, what’s more, actually,

in fact,

10.表示结论: all in all, altogether, in a word,generally speaking。

This winter holiday I stayed at home. I am happy because my father and my

mother could spend more time with me during the Spring Festival. Besides, on the

eve of the Spring Festival, we had a great family reunion dinner and then we

watched Spring Festival Party on CCTV1. Sometimes, I reviewed my lessons. I had

a very wonderful holiday.

Communicating in English effectively is essential in todays global economy.

在今日全球化的经济环境下，有效地用英语交流已经变得至关重要。

But conveying your ideas clearly is a skill that needs to be learnt. Too often people simply copy the style of their co-worker and especially their superiors as they think this "good English". You see examples in your in-box every day - emails that are difficult to understand and that you need to read over and over again to get the message.

然而如何清晰地表达你的想法却是门大学问。太多时候人们只是简单地照抄他们眼中同事，尤其是上级写出来的“漂亮英语”。你每天都能在收件箱里看到很多例子——那些难懂的需要你读好多遍才能理解的邮件。

A big mistake is to pad out your writing with unnecessary words and phrases. Remember that the purpose of your writing is to communicate your ideas clearly.

一个巨大的错误就是用一些不必要的单词和词组让你的文章变得冗长。你要牢记你写作的目的是为了更清晰地交流你的想法。

Always try to reduce the number of words in your sentences and avoid lengthy phrases that can be replaced with a shorter alternative. Here are some examples:

总是尽可能减少你句子中使用的字数，避免使用可以用更短的词代替的长词。以下是一些例子：

*Instead of "prior to" use *before*

用“before”代替“prior to”

*Instead of "subsequent" use *after*

用“after”代替“subsequent”

*Instead of "in order to" use *to*

用“to”代替“in order to”

*Instead of "in the event that" use *if*

用“if”代替“in the event that”

*Instead of "with reference to" use *about*

用“about”代替“with the reference to”

*Instead of "state of the art" use *latest*

用“latest”代替“state of the art”

*Instead of "due to the fact that" use *since*

用“since”代替“due to the fact that”

*Instead of "not later than 2pm" use *by 2pm*

用“by 2pm”代替“not later than 2pm”

*Instead of "at the present time" use *now*

用“now”代替“at the present time”

Remember about organisation as well. Use topic sentences to indicate what each paragraph is about. In addition, keep your emails short. No one likes to read an email 10 paragraphs long!

同时也要记得文章有组织性。第一句话就要开门见山地点出你每一段要讲什么。除此之外，要控制你邮件的长度。没人想读一条长达10段的邮件。

By using simple words and easily understood phrases you can improve the clarity of your message no end.

通过使用简单的单词和易懂的词组，你就能最终提高你信息的清晰度。

passage 2love is difficultit is good to love, but love is difficult.

for one human being to love another human being is perhaps the most difficult task that has been entrusted to us — the ultimate task, the final test and proof, the work for which all other work is merely preparation. that is why young people, who are beginners in everything, are not yet capable of love: it is something they must learn. with their whole being, with all the

示范：friday feb.15th xx sunnyi was very sleepy in the morning,so i didn‘t go running as usual. i had something for breakfast. my new day has begun. the results would come out today. my classmates all felt very nervous,so did i. then one of my classmates called me,and invited me to play basketball in the afternoon. i like playing basketball,though i‘m really poor at playing it.i and my parent visited redstart farm last saturday,there‘re environment is so good.we‘re scavenge the hourse,the horse was leaded into the stable and each was put in a stall.cows and sheep depends forage to feed.this so lifelikeness,we‘re got a lot of enjoyment from my job. in the end.owner preparative feasted on me.

英语日记格式说明：星期和日期写在左上角，天气写在右上角 日期格式用月日年（美式）或日月年（英式）都可以

1. 年、月、日都写时，通常以月、日、年为顺序，月份可以缩写，日和年用逗号隔开。例如：december 18,xx或者dec. 18,xx。

2. 如果要写星期，星期要紧挨日期，它既可以放在日期前面，也可以放在日期后面，星期也可以省略不写。星期和日期之间不用标点，但要空一格，星期也可缩写。例如：thursday dec. 18,xx或dec.18，xx thursday

3. 天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如:sunny,fine,rainy,snowy等表示。天气通常位于日记的右上角。

What do you think the life in the future will be like?

In the future there will be computers in our homes. Computers will help us

to know a lot over the world. We will be able to talk by e-mail. Scientists will

make many robots. Robots can help us to do some cleaning, do some cooking or do

some washing. We can do some shopping and see a doctor without going out of our

homes.

The life in the future will be good. For this, we will study hard. I

believe we’ll be able to do this.

Yesterday, I decided to go outside for picnic, but unfortunately, it

suddenly rained.I felt very disappointed, but I knew one thing: next time, when

I decide to do something, I should pay attention to the weather

forecast.Finally, I had to change my mind, and I had to stay at home all day

watching TV and reading books.I like sunny days very much, and I dont like

rainy days any more. But I know if there are no rainy days, there will be a lack

of water, and I know it is very terrible if there is not enough water.But I

still like sunny days because I like sunshine very much.

昨天我决定去野炊，不幸的是突然下雨了，我感到很失望。但我知道了一件事，下次当我决定做什么的时候，应该留意一下天气预报。最后，我不得不改变我的主意。整天呆在家里看电视和书。我很喜欢晴天，一点也不喜欢下雨天。但是我知道如果不下雨的话，我们就没有水，那很糟。但我仍然喜欢晴天，因为我非常喜欢阳光。

It was the third day of our winter holiday. Today， there are many business in my mother‘s company. So my mother told me to help my uncle who is the manager of my mother’s company. I sat in my mother‘s office and help her answer the telephone. While I was free， I was writing my homework. Although I also have a lot of time to do my homework， I still do it. Because in my mother’s office， I had nothing to do. If I did nothing， I was wasting my time and my life. I can‘t do the foolish thing. We should take good use of our time.

Today my parents took me to my grandfather’s house. I played with my

cousin. Suddenly my cousin suggested going to the park and having a rest.

“that’s a good idea.” I said. Then we prepared for the traveling. After lunch,

the sky turned dark. After that , it rained heavily. It meant our plan is

impossible. What a pity day!

今天爸爸妈妈带我去爷爷家。我和表弟一起玩。表弟突然提议去公园休息一下。“这是个好主意。”

我说。然后我们为旅行做准备。午饭过后，天色渐渐暗了下来。在那之后，下了大雨。这意味着我们的计划是不可能的。多么可惜的一天!

数字是以“数”为基本符号，用以揭示事物发展的质与量及其联系的文字统称。由于给人以具体、准确之感，在应用文中数字往往成为真实材料的代名词。应用文要解决生活和工作中的具体问题，或描摹事物的“量”，或分析事物的“率”，或明确事物的“序”，都离不开对具体事物量与质的分析，也就都离不开数字。

如果说观点是应用文之“灵魂”的话，科学的数字表达则是应用文之“血肉”。有“灵魂”无“血肉”，“魂”无所依，反映在文章中则是内容空洞、苍白无力，这样的文章难免装腔作势、面目可憎；有“血肉”无“灵魂”，“身”无所节，写出的文章难以主题明确前后统一，甚至会成为材料的堆砌场。因此，应用文写作者不但应养成重视数字、收集数字、用真实数字说话的好习惯，还要注意在主题的引导下，讲究数字的运用方法与技巧，更好地为主题写作服务。

在应用写作过程中，我们收集和运用到的数字很多，这些数字有的反映某一事物的数量，有的反映事物的发展状态，有的说明某一类事物所占比例等等。很多人认为数字只是对事物的客观描述，形式枯燥，信息单一。其实不然，有时只要对数字作些必要的转化加工，马上就能清晰地看到作者的写作指向，让数字显示出鲜活的生命力。

（一）求和法。即根据需要对某一数字作求和计算，利用具有一定震憾力的和数，让人从不起眼的事物中看到其作用，从而达到特定的引导目的。如某公司一位职工注重节能减耗，每完成15个合格零件的生产任务就可以节约出生产一个零件的原材料。秘书部门在宣传材料中运用求和法测算出这名职工一天能为公司节约成本35元，如果每名员工都这么做，全公司一年可节约生产成本350万元。求和，让大家看到了人人节约的作用，公司很快掀起了节能降耗的热潮。

（二）平均法。平均法则反其道而行之，在有反映总量数字的情况下，对影响总量的某一要素进行平均化处理，测算出单位数值，以达到突显主题的目的。如某汽车公司宣传其能日产小轿车1000余辆，由于大多数读者不熟悉汽车行业生产的具体情况，反响平平。在接下来的宣传中作者加上了“平均每1.2分钟就有一辆轿车出厂”的字眼，读者很快就对该厂的生产能力产生了兴趣。笔者的一位学生曾写了一则新闻稿，报道其所在单位年实现利税800多万元。由于该单位是一家县属小单位，知名度不高，800万元的体量也不算大，很难引起人们的注意。笔者了解到该单位只有40余名职工，劝其改为“人均实现利税20多万元”。该新闻稿马上被采用并直接以“××单位人均实现利税20多万元”为题。可见，平均法用得好，具有化平淡为神奇的功效。

（三）比较法。俗话说不比不知道，一比吓一跳。将反映事物某一特性的数据与同类事物或与自身的过去水平相比较，是人们分析事物优与劣、好与坏的重要方法。当然，应用文写作的目的绝不是简单地争高低长短，高明的写作者往往会在不经意间用比较法达到特定的写作目的。如某公司因多名工人投诉工资过低，被政府相关部门责令写出检查报告。该公司在报告中写道： “本公司一线员工人均月工资××××元，比全市平均水平低15元，但比市政府规定的最低工资标准高出560元。从××区来看，本公司的工资水平高出全区工资水平361元，在区属企业中居前5名。”这段话中，写作者通过四次数据比较，在承认自身不足的同时，不经意间宣示了自身的成绩，而将工资水平偏低的责任归结为区域经济发展不平衡，大大减轻了自身的责任。

（四）借用法。有时为了形象地说明或挖掘某一数字的内在含义，需要借助其他事物配合说明，以达到变抽象为具体、变隐性为显性的目的。如辽宁阜新市50多年来累计生产煤炭5亿多吨，为国家的建设和发展作出了重要贡献。由于绝大多数读者对“5亿吨”这一概念没有认识，也无法深刻体会到作者的写作用意。作者就借用卡车这一大家熟悉的事物交代：如果用60吨的卡车装，阜新产的煤可以绕地球赤道四圈多。这里，小小的借用手法，赋予了这两个不起眼的小数字如此大的魔力，让读者瞬间了解了阜新的付出与贡献！

（五）延伸法。所谓延伸法，是指利用思维的延伸性，从某一数字指向的事物出发，根据写作目的适当地展示其功能、作用和影响，从而让人们对某事物有更清楚的认识。比如：很多人一年之中要用掉数十粒钮扣电池，而一粒小小的钮扣电池可污染600立方米水，相当于一个人一生的饮水量。这里，作者从钮扣电池出发，作了两次延伸，一是将一粒电池与600立方米被污染的水进行关联，二是将600立方米被污染的水与人的生活联系起来，让人真切地感受到了废旧电池污染的严重性，令人警醒。

（六）模糊法。一般来说，数字的准确性与模糊语言的不确定性是相矛盾的，二者不应当关联在一起。事实上，应用写作中某些数字在必要时必须作模糊处理。一是某些数字本身不确定或无法确定时，用模糊数字恰恰是最科学的表述。如某单位在一份材料中向上级汇报该单位有92.6%的同志参加了农村对口帮扶活动。上级在审核中发现，该单位共有56名职工，按92.6%计算，应当是51.856人参加了扶贫活动。而扶贫活动参加者应是有一个算一个，何来的0.856人呢？由此，对材料的真实性提出了质疑。其实，该单位只是近90%的人参加了这一活动，过分追求所谓精准反而适得其反。二是为了特定的表达需要，有时需要有意用模糊语言代替准确数字。如某公司刚刚有四位同志因工作大意给公司造成了一定损失，公司已作出相关处理，四位同志对此也有深刻认识。如果领导在职工大会上强调责任意识时，还说有四位同志如何如何，会给人一种揪人辫子不放手之嫌，同时也会给这四名同志增加压力。此时，用“少数”“个别”这一类模糊词语代替“四”字更有批评的艺术性。

根据需要对数字进行转化有利于单个数字更好地发挥作用，但遇到有不同层次、不同性质的多个或多组数字时，仅靠简单的转化往往难以达到理想的效果。这时需要作者从写作目的出发，分析不同性质数字的作用，按一定逻辑关系对数字统一布局，通过数据之间的相互关系揭示事物的发展规律，从而实现写作目的。

（一）点面结合，在综合分析中反映事物的发展全貌

这里所说的“点”与“面”是借助数学的说法，指代写作视域内不同性质的数字。“点”指那些反映某一方面事物或事物某一方面的数字， “面”则指反映事物整体或全貌的数字。

就相互作用而言，“面”由“点”生，也就是说反映“面”的数字是由反映“点”的数字汇总而来的；“点”能证“面”，即有了“点”上的数字支撑， “面”上的数字才有根基，可信度才高。因此，应用写作在数字运用上强调点面结合，不仅是要让读者在不同层面上全面了解事物，还要便于读者确定、分析这些数字中蕴含的信息。

以总结为例，如果我们反映某单位一年的工作成绩，既要用数字交代单位取得的总体成绩，也要分析不同部门的发展情况和主要发展指标完成情况。这样，读者才能对该单位的工作成绩有比较全面的了解。

（二）由面析点，在典型分析中反映事物的发展差异

点面结合固然能让人们对事物有一个整体认识，但这还只是一种平面的、静态的认识，不能明显地看到事物间的差异。事实上，事物的发展在不同单位、不同阶段总是存在着这样那样的不平衡，只有分析出这种不平衡才有利于我们找到影响事物发展的原因，有针对性地改进。因此，在应用写作过程中，有时需要从已掌握的“面”上的数字出发，选择一个或若干个“点”进行剖析，通过解剖麻雀，分析事物发展不平衡的现状及其原因。

例如，“2012年，公司实现利润1080万元，但各分公司发展不平衡。其中×××分公司实现利润320万元，占29.60/0；×××分公司在规模相近的情况下仅实现利润51万元，不及总量的5%。”这段话中，作者从单位整体效益出发，选择效益最优和最差的两个二级单位进行分析，配以适当的修饰词，鲜明地指出了二者间的差异。不着一字，但一褒一贬的倾向表现得十分清楚，引导人们去了解、分析原因。

（三）积点成线，在动态分析中反映事物的发展轨迹

在应用写作过程中，有时需要揭示事物的发展过程和发展规律，不能只是静态和孤立地理解和处理数字，而需要对某些数据进行连续收集和动态分析。一般来说，某一数据的变化总是受到一定内外因素的影响。1如果我们将这些影响数字变化的因素与数字本身的变化放在一起动态分析，就会清晰地呈现出事物的发展轨迹，收到意想不到的效果。如“近年来，公司狠抓产品质量，残次品率不断降低。2010年，公司决定对各分公司的残次品率进行单独考核，当年残次品率从上一年度的7%降为6%；2011年，公司出台了新的绩效考核体系，将残次品率纳入职工个人工资绩效考核体系，残次品率降为3%; 2012年初，公司针对产品生产质量中存在的问题，开展了技能比武活动，至8月份，残次品率已降至1%，产品质量提升明显”。这段话将公司采取的措施与相应的成绩联系起来分析，直观地揭示了公司产品质量提升的轨迹和相应措施的效果，并在不经意间展示了公司执着追求质量的形象。数字的灵活运用在这里再次展示了威力。

（四）多点对比，在比较分析中反映事物的发展状态

出于特定的写作目的，有时还需要以某一数据为基点，采用多点对比的方法对数字进行比较分析。通过分析，可以进一步看到这一数据所代表的事物的地位与发展状态，从而对事物作出客观评价。如“本校2012届毕业生一年后的就业率为98.75%，高出同类院校平均水平近8个百分点，高出本校2011届毕业生2.5个百分点；毕业生月平均工资2853元，比上一年度的2954元低101元，但高出区域内同类院校287元”。在这段话里，写作者以本校目前的相关数据为基点，与本校历史数据和兄弟院校数据进行纵向和横向两方面对比分析，清晰地揭示了该校毕业生的就业质量，简洁明了，传播效果很好。

当然，我们说多点对比，并不排除只选择一个有典型意义的数据进行简单对比分析的做法，但选择多个点对比分析才有利于立体地分析事物，科学地进行定位。在比较对象上，可以在单位内部比，也可以选择同行比，还可以与权威部门的统计数据比；在比较方法上，可以横向对比、纵向对比甚至可以环比。

（五）分解归并，在系统分析中反映事物的发展联系

从系统论的角度看，某一写作视域里的相关事物之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，构成了一个相对完善的系统。那么，数字作为对事物的一种描述，也在发挥着作用，也具有一定的系统性。我们要写好应用文，就需要对这些数字作逻辑归并或分解，揭示事物之间的关系，找到事物发展的客观规律。

应用文写作中出现最多的是总分、因果等关系。总分关系除前面所述的点与面的关系外，还有一种是目标与具体任务之间的关系，需要我们利用分解的方法处理。如我们要布置某项工作，就需要将总体目标分解，分项目、分单位、分指标落实到每个单位、每个员工和每个时间段，这就是对数字的分解处理。如果数字的类型过多，就有必要制作成图表，以增强直观性。

这里所说的因果关系不是严格逻辑意义上的因果关系。在应用文写作过程中，本质与现象、措施与成效、原因与结果等在某种意义上都构成一定的因果关系。我们要反映这类事物之间的关系，就要采用归并的方法，进行分类整理，分类说明，让人们对事物的发展联系有清楚的认识。比如：近年来，公司重视研发工作，取得了明显实效。从2010年起，先后成立了×××等2个研发部门，组建了×××等8个项目团队，引进了XXX等15名高级研发人才，投入XXX万元成立了研发基金。经过三年努力，公司已完成了5个项目的研发任务，获国家专利25项，开发新产品30多个系列、200余种，获技术转让资金×××万元，实现生产效益XXX万元，极大地推动了××产业的发展，实现了经济效益和社会效益的双丰收。这里，写作者利用归并的方法将公司采取的措施和取得的成效集中说明，并没有繁琐的过程论证，但事物间的因果联系一目了然。这种化繁为简的数字处理方法值得我们学习和借鉴。

5月8日星期四

今天下午，英语老师拿考卷来发，没想到第一个就是我，我连害怕的时间都没有了。

可我拿到考卷的时候，这简直是老天送给我的惊喜。我考了98分！从四年级开始，我英语考试就没有一次能上九十分以上，不是七十几，就是八十几。可这回，竟然得了个98分！太让人不敢相信，连我自己感到不可思议。当我看到扣分数的那一道错题时，脸一下阴了下来——只是四个开头没写大写字母，就扣2分！这2分扣得未免太冤了吧。我把考卷拿着，快步走到位置上时，刚好老师叫到了姚子恒的名字。我以为他的分数会比我的分数高。没想到，哈哈，竟然比我的分数少。我得意扬扬，只能用考卷挡在我面前，好收敛我的得意。

记得考试的时候，我是擦了又改，改了又擦，前面两面才全对的。还有，第一题连线的，连单词和意思，这几单元的单词我都能背出来，称得上倒背如流，这种小题难不倒我。哦，我太激动了，还是收敛不住。

还有，还有，第五题简直是奇迹！这题的意思，我都不明白，只能跳过，等我全部写完了，再返回来写。这时，英语老师已经要收卷了，我也不知道是什么意思就随便填，没想到我瞎猫碰上死耗子，全蒙对了！

哇，这次我考得很满意，我又收敛不住了……

Today, when I awaked up, I found the air-conditioner didn’t work. I used the control, but it still didn’t work. I knew the air-conditioner was in trouble. I went downstairs. My father told me two air-conditioner and two netputer had been broken. Because my father used electric making machine to make electric, so the voltage was not stable. It led to the trouble. Oh! Whenever the government will let the factory use electric? If it lasts longer, I will be crazy!!

I went out to have dinner with father today. I should make toast during the

dinner but there was no juice availabe. So I had a bottle of beer. My face

turned red but I was not drunk. I dont think beer tastes bad but I wont like

have it too much because I am only a student.

今天和爸爸一起出去吃饭。吃饭的时候要敬酒。那里没有果汁。我就拿了一瓶啤酒开始到处敬酒。喝了一瓶酒后，我的脸红了，但没有醉。我认为啤酒并不难喝，但我还是要少喝酒。因为我还只是一个学生。

MondaySeptember1,20__ weather：__

Today is Friday. We have a physical education class. Its a time for us

playing. Usually, the boys like playing basketball or football. Girls like

playing badminton or rope skipping. I like rope skipping very much and I am good

at it. Today, I did rope skipping with other girls. We had two teams and

competed to each other. Finally, my team lost the game, but we were still very

happy. By this game, we could build our body and had fun. Its really

interesting.