英语作文写作指导之邮件热门20篇
随着经济全球化发展,英语在全球范围内被广泛使用,成为国际通用语,具有国际化。大学生在该怎么用英语介绍自己?下面是小编为大家整理的大学英语自我介绍范文,仅供参考。
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1000想象类作文写作指导_[第八单元]写想象作文500字
全文共 466 字
+ 加入清单想象是指人的头脑对看到过并在头脑中保存下来的外界事物经过自己主观加工改造,创造出新形象的过程,写作指导(5)作文。想象是来源于生活的艺术概括,其目的在于更真实、更典型地反映生活。
想象作文可分为两类:一是写自己的设想、追求、愿望、梦境的习作,这类习作往往和科幻结合在一起。另一类是童话,运用“拟人”手法,把各种动植物、物品想象成“人”,通过有趣的故事,告诉读者某个道理。
写好想象文,要做到以下几点:
一、观察生活,表现生活。想象不是胡编乱想,要符合生活实际。只有熟悉生活,详细地观察生活,才能有想象的原材料。
二、明确中心,展开想象。动笔写一篇童话想象文之前先要明确中心,即写作目的。比如要说明骄傲自满的害处,正是要说明互相帮助的好处等。然后就要观察有关表现中心的种种现象,观察有关动、植物的习性、生存环境、固有的特点等,在这个基础上展开丰富的想象编写故事。
三,想象美好,立意深刻。想象文必须要有一个“美好”的中心思想。如果只是瞎编一个热闹离奇的故事,就失去了想象的意义。写想象文可以激发小学生的想象力,开动脑筋。所以小学生应该多多练习。
更多相似作文
篇1:写好读后感作文的写作指导
全文共 1946 字
+ 加入清单写读后感最重要的一点是要读出所读书籍或者文章的“眼睛”,小编收集了写好读后感作文写作指导。欢迎阅读。
一、读后感/观后感的概念
读后感的概念有两重含义:一是真实的、不受任何约束的读后感,二是一种作文的体裁,考试时要接受各种条件的约束。下面这篇读后感,就接近于第一种读后感。写这种读后感,主要是给自己看的,一定要真实,有什么感想(当然感想应当有意义,值得一写)就写什么感想,与心得笔记不同,它要展开来写,尽量像一篇文章,尽量写得生动、实在、深刻。一般应当写清楚读了什么,有什么感想,联想到了什么,对自己有什么作用等。它不追求文体、格式框框,写起来也可长可短。
二、 读后感/观后感 的写法
写读后感最重要的一点是要读出所读书籍或者文章的“眼睛”,它是你展开来写的基础、中心和出发点,这个问题我们已经在上一讲里说过了,这里就不多讲了。其次,写读后感,有它一定的规矩,有的书上把它归纳为“引、议、联、结”,四个字,想公式一样。对于这些规矩我们不可以不学,考试时只要内容有创意,套用这种公式未尝不可;但我们也不要受其所限,写成千篇一律的“八股文”,也可尝试在结构上有自己的创意,有自己的个性。但不管怎样,读后感也离不开“读”——对原文的引述、概括、评价等等,离不开“感”——自己的感想。只要把这两个字表达好了,就是好的读后感。
三、写 读后感/观后感 的基本技巧
在读过一篇文章或一本书之后,把获得的感受、体会以及受到的教育、启迪等写下来,写成的文章就叫“读后感”。
读后感/观后感 的基本思路如下:
(1)简述原文有关内容。如所读书、文的篇名、作者、写作年代,以及原书或原文的内容概要。写这部分内容是为了交代感想从何而来,并为后文的议论作好铺垫。这部分一定要突出一个"简"字,决不能 大段大段地叙述所读书、文的具体内容,而是要简述与感想有直接关系的部分,略去与感想无关的东西。
(2)亮明基本观点。选择感受最深的一点,用一个简洁的句子明确表述出来。这样的句子可称为"观点句"。这个观点句表述的,就是这篇文章的中心论点。"观点句"在文中的位置是可以灵活的,可以在篇首,也可以在篇末或篇中。初学写作的同学,最好采用开门见山的方法,把观点写在篇首。
(3)围绕基本观点摆事实讲道理。这部分就是议论文的本论部分,是对基本观点(即中心论点)的阐述,通过摆事实讲道理证明观点的正确性,使论点更加突出、更有说服力。这个过程应注意的是,所摆事实、所讲道理都必须紧紧围绕基本观点,为基本观点服务。
(4)围绕基本观点联系实际。一篇好的读后感应当有时代气息,有真情实感。要做到这一点,必须善于联系实际。这"实际"可以是个人的思想、言行、经历,也可以是某种社会现象。联系实际时也应当注意紧紧围绕基本观点,为观点服务,而不能盲目联系、前后脱节。
以上四点是写读后感的基本思路,但是这思路不是一成不变的,要善于灵活掌握。比如,“简述原文”一般在“亮明观点”前,但二者先后次序互换也是可以的。再者,如果在第三个步骤摆事实讲道理时所摆的事实就是社会现象或个人经历,就不必再写第四个部分了。
四、写 读后感/观后感 应注意的问题
第一是要重视“读”
在“读”与“感”的关系中,“读”是“感”的前提、基础;“感”是“读”的延伸或者说结果。必须先“读”而后“感”,不“读”则无“感”。因此,要写读后感首先要读懂原文,要准确把握原文的基本内容,正确理解原文的中心思想和关键语句的含义,深入体会作者的写作目的和文中表达的思想感情。
第二是要准确选择感受点
读完一本书或一篇文章,会有许多感想和体会;对同样一本书或一篇文章,不同的人从不同的角度思考问题,更是会产生不同的看法、受到不同的启迪。以大家熟知的“滥竽充数”成语故事为例,从讽刺南郭先生的角度去思考,可以领悟到没有真本领蒙混过日子的人早晚要“露馅”,认识到掌握真才实学的重要性;若是考虑在齐宣王时南郭先生能混下去的原因,就可以想到领导者要有实事求是的领导作风,不能搞华而不实,否则会给混水摸鱼的人留下空子可钻;再要从管理体制的角度去思考,就可进一步认识到齐宣王的“大锅饭”缺少必要的考评机制,为南郭先生一类的人提供了饱食终日混日子的客观条件,从而联想到改革开放以来,打破"铁饭碗",废除大锅饭的必要性。
一篇读后感,不能写出诸多的感想或体会,这就要加以选择。作为初学者,就要选择自己感受最深又觉得有话可说的一点来写。要注意把握分析问题的角度,注意联系自己的实际情况,从众多的头绪中选择最恰当的感受点,作为全文议论的中心。
初中作文课中,除了写“读后感”外,老师还会要求同学们在看完一部电影、电视片或参观完某一展览后写“观后感”,观后感的写法与读后感是一样的,只需在第一部分简述所观的内容,然后引出观点、展开论述就可以了。
篇2:21017年小升初作文指导:看图作文的写作技巧
全文共 876 字
+ 加入清单看图写话是作文最初步的训练,是培养刚刚进入小学的孩子的认识能力、形象思维能力、想象能力和表达能力的良好途径。下面是小编整理了看图作文的写作技巧,欢迎阅读。
一、认真看图,培养观察力
看图写话,顾名思义就是就是要用眼睛看,看是基础。就是指导学生学会观察,养成良好的观察习惯。观察是一个知觉、思维、语言相结合的智力活动过程,观察是人们增长知识、认识世界的重要途径。
二、合理想象,培养想象力
看图写话的画面是一个个静止的人或物,而且比较单调,我们要引导学生通过仔细观察画面,通过老师适当的提问为支点,进行合理想象,使静止的画面尽量动起来,活起来,使单调的画面充实丰富起来。
三、看图说话,培养口头表达能力
口头表达能力是语言实践的重要工具,是书面表达,即写作的有力基础,有利于发展学生的思维。所以我们应该把看图说话当作一个重点来抓,是培养其表达能力的一个重要途径。有目的有计划地进行"看图说话"教学,可使学生在认识事物、口语表达的反复实践过程中,提高读写能力,增强对事物的观察能力和思维能力,进而发展智力。
四、看图写话,培养书面表达能力
对于一年级的小朋友,我刚开始要求他们只要用一两句话写清"时间、地点、人物,干什么"就行了。慢慢地随着学生阅读量的增加,思维能力和口语表达的提升。我要求学生不仅要写完整,更是要写得具体、生动。写出人物的语言、神态、动作等等。
看图写话的画面是静止的,但是学生写出来的一段话或一篇文章是生动的、有趣的。充满了孩子对这个世界认知,写满了他们的善良和活泼。那一句句天真烂漫的话语让我们为之感动,为之欣喜若狂!
五、创设园地,培养写作积极性
要想让在写作上刚刚起步的孩子们越写越有劲,越来越自信,就得让他们的进步得到老师和同学们的承认和肯定,享受成功的喜悦。我在教室一角开设一个"我的作文展"。把班内较好的作文随时上墙展览,学期结束,把他们的哪怕是几句或一段话或几篇文章收集成册,并进行打印。拿回去给爸爸、妈妈和朋友们看。让他们觉得自己是多么的了不起。这样等于在他们心中点了一把火,一把学生心中燃烧的希望之火。我相信这种乐观向上的心理才是最为可贵。
篇3:高考英语写作必背句式90个
全文共 14441 字
+ 加入清单一个句子必须按照一定的模式来组织,这个模式称为句式。下面是语文迷为大家提供的高考英语写作优秀句式,供大家参考。
1) on the other hand, the contribution of day schools cant be ignored.
2) due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.
3) since it is unnecessary to consider students routinelife, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.
4) furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.
5) from what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.
6) there is much discussion over science and technology. one of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.
7) According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
8) The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
9) No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
10) People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
11) An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
12) When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
13) Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.
14) Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful
15) An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
16) Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
17) There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
18) An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
19) A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
20) Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
21) Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
22) In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
23) The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
24) It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
25) Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
26) No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.
27) People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
28) In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
29) In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
30) We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
31) People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
32) The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
33) Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
34) This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
35) For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
36) Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
37) This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
38) Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
39) Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
40) In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
41) Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
42) Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
43) Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
44) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
45) There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
46) This issue has caused wide public concern.
47) It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
48) A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.
49) As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
50) It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
51) Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
52) It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
53) For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.
54) There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.
55) This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.
56) Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
57) In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.
58) Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.
59) In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
60) It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
61) Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.
62) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.
63) Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
64) There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.
65) Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
66) However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.
67) Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.
68) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
69) Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.
70) Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.
71) But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.
72) Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
73) Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.
74) From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.
75) Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.
76) There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.
77) An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.
78) It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.
79) Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
80) Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.
81) Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
82) An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
83) For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
84) For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
85) There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.
86) By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
87) Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day
88) Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
89) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
90) These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
篇4:保护环境英语作文高一80词
全文共 1306 字
+ 加入清单A sunny Sunday, usually every day and sleep until the sun father-drying
bottoms climb to get up early and get up in red, wake up my mother。 Drowsily
mother slowly said: "Today what the section, from Why so early?" Little Red said
excitedly: "Mom, do not install confused, you said that today took me to the
park!"
Came to park, mother and son were two beautiful scenery attract: kids, some
kite-flying, and some shooting while playing ball red bumper cars, while also
playing slippery slides, played with enjoying themselves, was sweating
profusely。
Little Red hobbled down to holding mothers hand while walking while
singing。 Suddenly, a banana peel, a red block of the avenue, little red slip
banana skin reminded once again to see if the banana peel to her protest, then
do not fight a gas, the foot kicked the banana peel。 Mom saw, as if aware of her
mind like, and did not criticize her, she just pulled the banana skin side next
to her while saying with great earnestness: "I know you have been slipping on
banana peel, very angry, but you should From the perspective of others think
that if you somehow accidentally stepped on a banana peel how to do red listened
to, very ashamed, the banana peel thrown into the bin。
Little Red looked at the move, my mother smiled。
Yes ah! Would it not everyone should be protected?
篇5:写作指导
全文共 394 字
+ 加入清单“思考”是进行比较深刻、周到的思维活动。可以谈思考的重要作用,如思考可以领悟人生、洞察社会,获得心灵的自由;多思能使人摆脱浅薄,走向睿智;多思能举一反三,活学活用;多思是事业成功、是发明创造的前提等等。可以谈思考的方式方法。如发散思维、聚合思维、定向思维、顺向思维、逆向思维等等。还可以谈思考的条件。如放开眼界、敞开胸怀、对事物的客观把握等等。也可以记叙有关思考的故事、实事,如“竹林七贤”中的王戎是个善于思考的人。一次他同小伙伴外出,看到大路边的李子树上果实累累,其他儿童都去攀摘,只有王戎站立不动。有人问他为何不摘,他说如果路边树上的果子很甜。早被人摘光了。孩子们一尝,的确如此。这是小事。毛泽东善于思考中国的国情,活学活用马克思列宁主义,独创以农村包围城市的毛泽东思想。不思考有什么害处呢?“学而不思则罔”,这是孔子的话。不思考就会盲从,就会人云亦云,就会没有主见,就会把事情办砸。
篇6:英语考研作文命题依据及写作技巧
全文共 1564 字
+ 加入清单导语:小编提醒大家,要想把作文写好,要想在考研写作中得高分,平时一定得多阅读优秀的范文,特别是一些漂亮精彩的句型。同时也有必要掌握一些写作模式和技巧,不断地模仿练习,最后才能真正打造出高分作文。
考研话题牵涉面广,包罗万象,变幻莫测。但从历年考研真题研究中可以发现写作基本上可粗略地划分为两大类话题:永恒话题(everlastingtopic)和热点话题(hotissue)。所谓永恒话题,是指那些不以时间和空间的转移为转移的话题。这类话题一般都是一些宏观的大话题,没有明显的时代印痕。如有关社会道德范畴的话题。另一大类是热点话题,即近几年或某一年特殊的社会现象, 媒体普遍报道过或公众普遍谈论的话题。如AdvertisementonTV(93),温室的花朵经不起风雨(2003)等,所以,平时在生活和学习中留意类似话题的英文素材预以备战不妨是个好的办法。
二、写作技巧
1.精心构造全文的引言段
考研作文阅卷老师每天工作量很大,工作时间也较长,因此长时间批改水平参差不齐、质量高下不一的作文难免感到疲劳,厌倦,甚至气恼。据测试统计,一口气读完12 篇后才走神的人极少,定力惊人。因此,在考研写作三段制中,第一段最能吸引他们的目光和注意力,因为考研作文采用的是总体评分法(GlobalScoring),作文评卷老师往往主要凭借第一段的总体印象打分。有人把文章的第一段说成是黄金段落,说老师就是在这一段中不断地“淘金”。这一说法是很有道理的,因此,作文要想得高分,一定要精心构造全文的第一段,最大限度地满足阅卷老师的期待心理,力争给他留下良好的第一印象。经验告诉我们,阅卷老师在看完文章的第一段后就已基本上给文章定了分数档次,即使在第二,第三段中发现文章中的其他一些美中不足之处,他也只是微调几分,总体分数还是比先定的档次低的文章要好得多。总之,引言段在全文三段中的重要性再怎么强调也不过分。如果要按重要性依次递减的顺序来排的话,那么应是引言在先,其次是结尾段,再次是拓展段。
2.制造语言的闪光点
“言之无文,行而不远”,同理语言干瘪平淡,让人看之面目可憎,读后味如嚼蜡。要想攫住阅卷老师匆匆的一瞥,留住他们的兴奋点,就非得在语言上猛下功夫,多制造些表达上的闪光点。语言是思维的外壳,语言的好坏直接影响到实际作文分数的高低。语言表达的亮点体现在小到一个词,短语大到一个句子中。高分作文往往是“锱铢必较”,几乎字字计较。很多人作文分数很低往往是因为用词面太窄。当然,词汇的积累是有个过程的。可惜的是,很多同学只能认词,却不能再现,更不用说写作时运用了。
3.避免中国式英语
母语为非英语的人学习英语时往往会将母语的思维和表达方式直接迁移到英语表达当中。中国人学英语时往往会受母语根深蒂固的影响,最易造出中国腔的英语。有人把“价格便宜”直接写成“The price is cheap”,把“这件事小菜一碟”说成“This is a small dish”,让人看后苦笑不得。因此要尽量摆脱中国试英语,方法看来只有一条:多看外国人写的文章,多多阅读。不难想象,阅卷老师如果在短短的二百字文章中到处看到Chinglish,他无法使自己对你文章的印象好起来。
4.尽量有路标词
路标词(signalword)又称衔接词(connectives)就像灯塔为在茫茫大海中航行的船只指引方向一样,它能突出文章的层次性和逻辑性。英语文章讲究启承转合。“启”就是开启观点:“承”就是接着话茬进一步发展论证或补充:“转”就是讲相反或对立的观点:“合”就是总结概括。一篇文章若没有路标词便会杂乱无章的乱堆在一起,给人凌乱没有条理的感觉。标志词或衔接词的作用绝对不可小觑。
此外,多种句型的交替使用,文章脉络层次的分明,论据的合理充分等在写作中都应引起足够的重视。
篇7:关于秋天作文写作指导内容
全文共 2802 字
+ 加入清单秋,收获的季节,金黄的季节,同百花盛开的春天一样可爱,同骄阳似火的夏天一样热情,同白雪飘飘的冬天一样迷人。金秋的阳光温馨舒适,金秋的微风和煦轻柔,金秋的蓝天白云飘逸,金秋的田野遍地金黄。秋也许就藏在金灿灿的稻穗上,也许藏在火通通的柿子里,也许藏在绿油油菜地间。你喜欢用什么语言来描写秋天呢?你能说出来,写下来,告诉你的小伙伴们吗?
金手指--送你"点石成金"术
凤头--写好开头
1、以拟人的手法来开头。
夏姑娘静静地走了,秋姑娘静静地来了,为田野披上了漂亮的衣裳。
2、总说秋天的田野很美。
秋天的田野景色多么迷人,像一幅漂亮的画卷。
3、以对比的方法开头。
秋天是丰收的季节,遍地金闪闪,黄澄澄的,秋天的田野更是非同一般。
4、用童话色彩开头。
漂亮的秋姑娘提着一篮子香味弥漫的魔法花瓣飞向那漂亮的田野,只见她左手一挥,右手一撒,顿时奇迹出现了,一幅迷人的秋景映入人们的眼帘。
猪肚--写好重点段
我们先来看两个片段:
片段一:
踏上前往田野的小路,一阵凉爽的西风迎面吹来,树叶纷飞,如同仙女散花。落在地面上的落叶如同调皮的孩子在奔跑、打滚、翻跟头。沿路的柿子树上挂满了火红的"灯笼",它们三个一群,五个一伙,亲密无间。秋天田野的代表物是那一望无边的稻穗。远远望去,一片片稻穗像一片金色的海洋。一阵微风吹来,田野里滚着层层波涛,连绵起伏,十分迷人!一株株稻穗被沉甸甸的果实压弯了腰,它们摇摆着小脑袋,似乎在沉思着什么。
片段二:
走进田野,就像置身于金色的海洋。在阳光的照耀下,闪闪发光,天与地也融为一体,到处都是金黄一色。稻子的长势十分喜人,每颗稻穗都有八十几粒,粒粒都挺着个快要胀破似的大肚皮,沉甸甸的,直往下坠。它的秆很细,但十分坚韧,尽管已被压弯了腰,但从不趴下。它的根像鹰爪一样,紧紧地抓住大地,任凭风吹雨打,丝毫不动。瞧,那边的老大爷正在收割,他技术娴熟地挥舞着镰刀,一会儿,那密不透风的稻田便被割了好几垅,似乎是一条条通往幸福的金光大道。远处的谷场上人们也在忙得不亦乐乎
以上两位小作者都是细心观察的孩子。他们让秋天的田野有不同的景色,并描绘出了各自色彩。但他们有一个共同的特点就是:
一、抓住了秋天田野里最有代表的景物来写:如落叶、稻子、柿子并且抓住了它们的特点:树叶飘飞,柿子火红,稻子金黄
二、另外还用了一些生动的贴切的比喻句,如:"如同仙女散花","挂满了火红的灯笼","像一片金色的海洋","根像鹰爪一样"让秋天的景物更形象具体;还用了拟人句,如:"如同调皮的孩子在奔跑、打滚、翻跟头","它们摇摆着小脑袋","都挺着个快要胀破似的大肚皮","尽管已被压弯了腰,但从不趴下任凭风吹雨打,丝毫不动。"让我们感到很亲切。
看来,写好这篇习作的要点就是:一要通过仔细观察抓住来秋天景物的特点;二是要应用一些修辞手法如比喻拟人排比让文章更生动,另外还要注重叙述的顺序。
豹尾--写好结尾
1、直抒胸臆,总结全文。
A、啊!秋天的田野真美啊!
B、多么迷人的田野!我爱秋天的田野!
2、赞美田野,抒发喜悦之情。
A、秋天的田野是美好的,它给我们带来了丰收的喜悦和欢笑。
B、我爱秋色,更爱秋天的田野。因为它布满了喜悦,布满了希望,布满了生气。
3、以赞美好农民的劳动来升华主题结尾。
秋天的田野是果实累累的田野,是丰收的田野,是希望的田野。我赞美它,因为它是农民伯伯用辛勤的劳动和汗水创造出来的。
庖丁解牛--写好提纲
开头:秋天的田野景色多么迷人,像一幅漂亮的画卷。(略)
中间部分:(详)
(1)写秋天的庄稼地。(2)写秋天的菜地。(3)写秋天的果园。
结尾:秋天的田野是美好的,它给我们带来了丰收的喜悦和欢笑。
画龙点睛--写好文题
《秋天的田野》《秋天的校园》《秋天的果园》《秋天的菜园》《秋天的公园》
沙里淘金--选好题材
1、阳光温馨舒适,微风和煦轻柔,蓝天白云飘逸,大雁结对南飞
2、金黄的田野。(金灿灿的稻穗、红艳艳的高粱、饱胀的豆荚;火通通的柿子、黄澄澄的梨、绿油油菜地)
3、漂亮的公园。(火红的枫叶、千姿百态的菊花、翩翩起舞的落叶)
语海拾贝--打开你的百宝箱
描写秋天景物的词语
草木枯黄 枫叶似火 颗粒饱满 大大小小 摇摇摆摆 翩翩起舞 色彩缤纷 丹桂飘香 果实累累 瓜果瓢香 落叶纷飞 遍地金黄 丰收在望 晶莹透亮 五光十色 秋虫唧唧 北雁南飞 沉甸甸
描写秋天天气的词语
秋风送爽 凉风习习 万里无云 一望无际 天高云淡
描写颜色的词语
金黄 嫩绿 红火 碧蓝 紫茵茵 红彤彤 红通通 红艳艳 金灿灿 黄澄澄 绿油油白茫茫 蓝湛湛
描写事物的量词
一片片 一个个 一串串 一排排 一盏盏 一面面 一条条 一张张 一把把
描写人们的词语
笑逐颜开 垂涎三尺 汗流浃背 挥汗如雨 满怀喜悦
供你在文中选用的句子
A、梨子树上挂满了一个个黄澄澄的梨子,就像一个个可爱的小葫芦。走近一看,梨子脸上还长着许多小雀斑呢!梨子很多,把树枝越压越弯,越压越弯,有的梨子干脆一屁股坐在地上。
B、停车坐爱枫林晚,霜叶红于二月花。--杜牧
c、豇豆也不示弱,像在爬竿比赛似的,爬到竿顶像四处张望,一双双小辫子在风中摇摆。。
美文欣赏--佳作伴你行
秋天的田野
漂亮的秋姑娘提着一篮子香味弥漫的魔法花瓣飞向那漂亮的田野,只见她左手一挥,右手一撒,顿时奇迹出现了,一幅迷人的秋景映入人们的眼帘。
你瞧那一望无际的庄稼地最先感受到秋天的信息。田野里,高粱成熟了,红通通的,像一团团正在燃烧的火焰.一阵秋风吹过,叶子就像无数面旗帜在迎风飘扬。大豆成熟了,饱满的豆粒胀开了狭长的豆荚,从豆荚里跳了出来,似乎在欢迎秋天的到来。稻田里,稻子也成熟了,在秋阳的照耀下闪着点点金光。微风吹过,稻在子此起彼伏,似乎大海的波浪。农民伯伯正在田野里忙的不可开交,正把一车车碎金似的稻谷往家里搬,脸上洋溢着幸福的笑脸,有的还唱着歌呢!
稻田东边是一块菜地,菜地里的蔬菜长势也很好。白菜长得绿油油的,微风吹过,绿叶摇动,像翩翩起舞的公主穿着的绿色长裙。芋头长得很好,它们撑开一把把小伞,挡住了火辣辣的阳光。丝瓜架上爬满了瓜蔓,长着一张张绿油油的叶子,开者一朵朵金灿灿的丝瓜花,挂着一条条沉甸甸的丝瓜。微风一吹,丝瓜似乎要掉下来。
菜地旁边的果园十分热闹。你看,葡萄架上挂满了一串串熟透了的葡萄,晶莹透亮。葡萄有紫的,有绿的,有黄的五光十色,漂亮极了!这可惹得那些小馋猫垂涎三尺,总在下面转来转去。梨子树上挂满了一个个黄澄澄的梨子,就像一个个可爱的小葫芦。走近一看,梨子脸上还长着许多小雀斑呢!梨子很多,把树枝越压越弯,越压越弯,有的梨子干脆一屁股坐在地上。高高的柿子树上挂满了一个个红通通的柿子,远远望去就像一盏盏小红灯笼。一阵秋风吹过,"啪!""啪!""啪!"熟透了的柿子就会掉到地上。
秋天的田野是果实累累的田野,是丰收的田野,是希望的田野。我赞美它,因为它是农民伯伯用辛勤的劳动和汗水创造出来的。
篇8:高三英语作文传统文化100词
全文共 1756 字
+ 加入清单Chinese there are a lot of traditional culture, such as the Lantern
Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival Dragon Boat Glutinous Rice Balls to eat, to
celebrate the Mid Autumn Festival, summer egg fight...... I love most is the
beginning of the egg fight.
The day of the beginning, I invited my buddy to fight my eggs. At the
beginning of the egg, mother prepared an egg for each of us and said, "who is
the last of the eggs, who is the king of the egg!" First of all, I and Yao
Peiyu, both of us egg head to the egg, who will not let anyone, to fight each
other up. We just fight soon, they heard the click sound, there is a broken egg!
I was so surprised that I looked at my eggs, and thank God, my eggs were not
broken. It was Yao Peiyu who accidentally hit the empty head with my tip! We saw
it and laughed all the time. He bites and says, "come again!" This time, we all
put out the strength of the milk, but his strength was not big, so he was
defeated by me! Left --iao Yu--uan, although she is a girl, but not a good
deal.
All of a sudden, I came up with a good plan and a seamless plan. I used to
fight with her on the empty end and broke up in a moment. I thought to myself,
"this is the end of you. Your sharp head has been damaged. I will fight with you
with a good and sharp tip." So, I tried to wipe the egg head, and suddenly
blows, give strength to my eggs. At first, her eggs were damaged, and she was
not so big as I was, so I was easily defeated. I jumped up with joy. Mother
loudly announced, "the end of the game, Sun Yize is the king of eggs!" Now
everyone begins to eat eggs. " We eat eggs, and all the people are in the
atmosphere of joy.
The egg not only brought us happiness, but also let me understand a truth:
everything should be brain, with wisdom to win!
篇9:四级英语写作知识归纳
全文共 2772 字
+ 加入清单1)主语从句
It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy。
It is well-known that…
It is self-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that…
It goes without saying that… It is universally acknowledged that…
It is / that
2)宾(表)语从句
We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates。
The problem is not who will go, but who will stay。
3)定语从句(限定性和非限定性)
As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described…in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/ table…,
There are many reasons why I want to study in your university。
It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste。
4)状语从句(时间,原因,地点,条件,让步,转折等)
When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物) which will devour him。
Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers。
5)分词短语做定语或状语
Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better。
6)倒装句
Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem。
Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots。
7)被动句
Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem。
He is said to have accomplished a lot of great deeds。
Many people believe that…(It is believed that…)
8)设问句
Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?
9)比较
1.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B。
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that.。。
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that.。。
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages。
6.Like anything else, it has its faults。
7.A and B has several points in common。
8.A bears some resemblances to B。
9.However, the same is not applicable to B。
10. A and B differ in several ways。
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects。
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now。
13. The same is true of B。
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks。
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are .。。
10)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation。
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem)。
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors。
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that.。。
4. The factors that contribute to this
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that.。。
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are.。。
7. Part of the explanations for it is that .。。
8. One of the most common factors (causes ) is that .。。
9. Another contributing factor (cause ) is .。。
10. Perhaps the primary factor is that …
11. But the fundamental cause is that .。。
篇10:英语论文的格式与写作方法
全文共 5884 字
+ 加入清单语言和内容是评判一篇英语论文质量高低的重要依据;但是,写作格式规范与否亦是一个不可忽略的衡量标准。小编收集了英语论文的格式与写作方法,欢迎阅读。
一、英语论文的标题
一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./Prof.C.Prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为0.6cm(论文其他部分行距同此)。
就学生而言,如果英语论文篇幅较短,亦可不做标题页(及提纲页),而将标题页的内容打在正文第一页的左上方。第一行为作者姓名,与打印纸顶端距离约为2.5cm,以下各行依次为教师学衔和姓、课程编号(或名称)及日期;各行左边上下对齐,并留出2.5cm左右的页边空白(下同)。接下来便是论文标题及正文(日期与标题之间及标题与正文第一行之间只需隔行打印,不必留出更多空白)。
二、英语论文提纲
英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。
三、英语论文正文
有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约1.5cm。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。
四、英语论文的文中引述
正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下。
1.若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如:
The divorce of Arnolds personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9).
这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名);阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成p.9);作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号;句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。
2.被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示:
Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas”
is an admirable and characteristic
diatribe. And if one is sorry that in it
Whitman is unable to conceive the
extreme crises of society, one is certain
that no society would be tolerable whoses
citizens could not find refreshment in its
buoyant democratic idealism.(Chase 165)
这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起;二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。
3.如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如:
Dr.Beaman points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9).
值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。
4.如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号);点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如:
Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt...(Nitchie 43).
5.若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如:
Professor Chen Jias A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i).
圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线;规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字;其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。
6.如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如:
Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35).
Farrington points out that Aristotles father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle 15).
这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式),其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。
7.评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示。
When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface,“The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all cleansed...”(1.1620-21).
这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格;圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写;21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。
五、英语论文的文献目录
论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:
1.目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。
2.目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码;如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为2.5cm,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为0.6cm;各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为0.6cm,不必留出更多空白。
3.各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等;各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。
4.各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。
现将部分较为特殊的条目分列如下,并略加说明,供读者参考。
Two or More Books by the Same Author
Brooks, Cleanth. Fundamentals of Good Writing: A
Handbook of Modern Rhetoric. NewYork: Harcourt, 1950.
---The Hidden God: Studies in Hemingway, Faulkner, Yeats,
Eliot, and Warren. New Haven: Yale UP,1963.
引用同一作者的多部著作,只需在第一条目中注明该作者姓名,余下各条目则以三条连字符及一句点代替该作者姓名;各条目须按书名的第一个词(冠词除外)的字母顺序排列。
An Author with an Editor
Shake speare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Ed. Louis B.
Wright. New York: Washington Square, 1959.
本条目将作者 Shakespeare 的姓名排在前面,而将编者姓名(不颠倒)放在后面,表明引文出自 The Tragedy of Macbeth;如果引文出自编者写的序言、导言等,则需将编者姓名置前,如:
Blackmur, Richard P.Introduction. The Art of the Novel:
Critical Prefaces. By Henry James. New York: Scribners,
1962.vii-xxxix.
如果引言与著作为同一人所写,则其格式如下例所示(By后只需注明作者姓即可):
Emery, Donald. Preface. English Fundamentals. By Emery.
London: Macmillan, 1972.v-vi.
A Multivolume Work
Browne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Ed.
Geoffrey Keynes. 4 vols. London: Faber, 1928.
Browne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Ed.
Geoffrey Keynes. Vol.2. London: Faber, 1928. 4 vols.
第一条目表明该著作共4卷,而论文作者使用了各卷内容;第二条目则表明论文作者只使用了第2卷中的内容。
A Selection from an Anthology
Abram, M. H.“English Romanticism: The Spirit of the Age.”
Romanticism Reconsidered. Ed. Northrop Frye. New
York: Columbia UP,1963.63-88.
被引用的英语论文名须用引号标出,并注意将英语论文名后的句点置于引号内。条目末尾必须注明该文在选集中的起止页码。
Articles in Journals, Magazines, and Newspapers
Otto, Mary L.“Child Abuse: Group Treatment for Parents.”
Personnel and Guidance Journal 62(1984): 336-48.
报刊杂志名需划线,但其后不需任何标点符号。62为卷号或期号,如既有卷号,又有期号,则要将二者以句号分开。如:(3.3);1984为出版年份,应置于圆括弧中。
Arnold, Marilgn.“Willa Cathers Nostalgia: A Study in
Ambivalance.”Research Studies Mar.1981:23-24,28.
月刊或双月刊须同时注明出版年月;23-24,28表示该文的前一部分刊于第23和24两页,后一部分则转至第28页。
Gorney, Cynthia.“When the Gorilla Speaks.”Washington Post
31 July,1985:B1.
引用日报上的英语论文必须同时注明报纸出版的年、月、日。B1为该文在报纸中的版面及页码。参考文献(略)
篇11:高考作文写作结构方法指导
全文共 2270 字
+ 加入清单1.记叙文结构比较灵活,开头、结尾、过渡,都有一定的讲究。如开头的方式有:开门见山式、设置悬念式、气氛渲染式、环境描述式、结果交代式等;结尾的方式有:呼应开头式、议论抒情式、自然结束式、戛然而止式等;构思的方法有:欲扬先抑法、埋下伏笔法、正反衬托法、虚实相应法、误会巧合法、设置悬念法等。
2.议论文结构一般有引论——本论——结论。引论的方式有:揭示论点式、引用名言式、设问启示式、叙述事实式、对比争议式、描述靶子式等;本论的方式有:分论点并列式、层层递进式、正反对照式;结论的方式有:卒章明志式、问题启发式、希望号召式等。
3.说明文结构一般为“总分总”或“总分”“分总”式。说明对象不同,说明展开的方式也常常不同。如动态说明常用时间顺序,静态说明常用空间顺序,事理说明常用逻辑顺序,可以用因果式、分类式、比较式、层进式等方式说明。
二、创新结构方法
1.片段结构
文章在结构上由看似独立的几个片段又能围绕同一主题而展开。
这种片段结构的主要特点是结构自由,可以避免起承转合,平铺直叙,使写作更为便利、容易;各片段相对独立,但又可以从不同角度,不同侧面来描述人物、事件,表达主题,丰富了文章的内容;表达形式更为自由灵活。
如作文《大自然三章》就是以片段结构的形式,将自然中的“鸟的心事”“蓝天的担忧”“鱼儿的规劝”的感慨组合成文,表达了对人与自然和谐相处的期望。
2.借用文体
写话题作文时文体不限,这时借用一些特殊的文体表现主题,往往能出奇制胜。这些特殊的体裁包括某些文学体裁,如小说、寓言、戏剧、童话、杂文等;某些应用文体如讲演稿、书信、日记、采访录、调查报告、现场演播、新闻报道以及某些领域内所专用的文体,如医疗诊断书、说明书、广告、调查报告、判决书、招标书等等。
考生可以根据自己的爱好与擅长来选择文体,扬长避短,取得创新的效果。这方面的例子很多,均因结构有新意,被评为满分作文或一类作文。
例如广东省一位考生以猪八戒奋不顾身下井救小孩为被评论对象,让代表社会上种种不正确名利观的“嘉宾”一一亮相,以现场演播的形式演绎主题。作者设计的现场为“敢讲敢说”演播室,主持人为“崔人进”,主题为“猪八戒能否得2017年度感动心灵奖”,“嘉宾”为“感动评委会成员、八戒亲友团、各界代表”,还特别注明“唐僧师徒亲自出席,高老庄乡亲组成了亲友团,嫦娥作为评委出席”,开始时还“先看大屏幕”,作为现场演播的程序都出现在文章中,给人以强烈的现场感。读后,我们仿佛置身于电视转播现场,被文章独特新颖的表现形式所深深吸引。
3.故事新编
故事新编就是对人们熟悉的经典故事进行改造,在原有情节的基础上再创作、加工,即对原故事进行改写、续写,或者借用历史人物、经典故事中的人物形象来表达现实生活的内容和主题。采用这种方法的好处是,取材便利,方便构思,易于出新;可以起到借古喻今的效果,使文章显得轻松、风趣。
如《新愚公和智叟的故事》一文,作者将一个尽人皆知的故事加以改造,构思颇为新颖、巧妙。湖南考生写的《西游记后传》,作者将西游记进行了一番续写与改写,演绎了师徒四人取经的离奇故事,文章把大唐灭亡的原因归咎于唐玄宗没有读取回来的真经,故事新颖,立意深远,实在是一篇绝妙的佳作。
4.特殊的视角
观察的角度不同,会有不同的效果。所以我们可以采用一些特殊的视角来叙述故事,表达主题。特殊的视角是指普通人以外的特殊人物,或者动物、植物等人类以外的事物的视角。另外,还可以选择多主体视角,比如一个故事设几个主人公,每个人都站出来表述这个故事。采用特殊视角可以使文章达到新奇的效果,造成一种新鲜感,使描写不落俗套,令人耳目一新。
例如广东的一位考生写的《月光下的一只孤老虎》一文,作者采用特殊视角,以一只老虎的口吻自述悲剧,引起人们对野生动物生存环境的关注。贵州的一位考生写的《给地球人的一封公开信》一文,作者采用特殊的视角,以特殊主体——外星人的口吻叙事议论,表明对人类破坏环境的尖锐批评。
5.镜头式结构
有些作文材料并不新鲜,但一些聪明的同学能借助电影蒙太奇的手法,通过镜头组合、画面切换以及画外音等形式来展示作文丰富的内涵。这样的文章往往因形式的新颖、结构的巧妙而平中见奇,令人耳目一新。
比如,题为《生活中的亮点》的作文:文章运用蒙太奇的表现手法,剪切生活中四个镜头来表现“亮”。作者将生活中的四个场景,分别标示出地点(小巷中——街头——商店中——回家路上),就像一部电影剧本,新颖的结构形式,给人以全新的感觉。镜头式结构,往往能减少过渡及铺垫文字,有利于集中笔墨叙述事件、刻画人物,从而使文章主题更集中,节奏更明快。
6.问答式结构
以“提问”和“回答”来组成文章,新鲜别致。其中的“问”实际是作者的提问,组成文章的纲目;其中的“答”,就是文章的主体,这样的结构,可以设计成互问互答,也可以设计成自问自答。
比如,题为《挫折四问》的作文,作者以四问四答的形式布控全文结构,“挫折是什么”“挫折真的存在吗”“挫折与成功的界限在哪里”“挫折给我什么启示”四个“问”形成了一个逐层深入的议论阶梯,使得文章结构井然,给人一气呵成之感。
7.一线串珠式结构
面对复杂的事情、繁多的内容,最有效的方式莫过于用一条线索把有关材料贯串起来,使之浑然一体。这个线索,可以是某个人,可以是某一事物,可以是某一事件,也可以是人物思想感情的发展变化,或者是时间的推移、地点的转换等等。
作文线索的设置,要注意两点:一是所设置的线索,要能联系文章各部分,把组织材料和表达主题统一起来;二是线索要有始有终,贯串到底。
篇12:英语作文写作10大技巧
全文共 4406 字
+ 加入清单学生写作时,如果仅局限在把内容交代清楚的水准上,只选用一些普通的、直截了当的词,或一律使用简单句平铺直叙,那么,这样写出来的文章就会像一碗白开水,呆板、单调,没有可读性。下面是小编整理的英语作文写作10大技巧,欢迎阅读。
1. 灵活改变句子开头
在通常情况下,英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”,即主语位于句子开头。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式,比如使用倒状语或以状语开头等,会使文章增强表现力。如:
(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山顶上有一座古庙。
(2) You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well.
只有这样你才能把它做好。
(3) A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman.
窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女。
2. 避免重复使用同一词语
为了使表达更生动,更富表现力,同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思,尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字,就会立刻想起like,事实上,英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多,如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如:
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
我喜欢看书,而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。
3. 合理使用省略句
合理恰当地使用省略句,不仅可以使文章精练、简洁,而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。如:
(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?
→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙,要是这样,我以后再来拜访。要是不忙,我现在可以见他吗?
(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.
→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.
如果天气好,我们就去;如果天气不好,我们就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.
→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.
她本可申请这份工作的,但她没有。
4. 适当运用非谓语结构
非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构,适当运用非谓语结构,会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。如:
(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。
(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址,我没法和她联系。
(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
他出生农民家庭,只上过两年学。
5. 结合使用长句与短句
在英语写作中,过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是,根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语,使文章显得错落有致,这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感,而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。如:
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.
中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后,我们唱的唱歌,跳的跳舞,还有的讲笑话、下棋,大家玩得很开心。
6. 适当使用短语代替单词
(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.
他已决定长大了当老师。
(2) He doesnt like music.
→ He doesnt care much for music.
他不大喜欢音乐。
(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.
→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.
他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。
7. 恰当套用某些固定表达
(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther.
他太累了,不能再往前走了。
(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.
这电影很有趣,学生和老师都很喜欢。
(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.
你的儿子已经长大,可以自己照顾自己了。
8. 尽量使句子带点“洋味”
(1) Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.
→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.
别担心,大胆试一试,你很快就会学会的。
(2) Thank you for playing with us.
→Thank you for sharing the time with us.
谢谢你陪我玩。
9. 综合使用各类所谓的“高级”结构
(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.
现在人人都知道这消息了,我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.
我们所能做的只是站在那儿,设法抓住违章者。
(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话,至少也不会比她老师的差。
10. 适当使用名言警句点缀
在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章,不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧,而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。如:
(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.
(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.
(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”
篇13:话题作文写作指导
全文共 716 字
+ 加入清单话题作文是让我们围绕一个中心,从不同角度,不同立场去进行作文写作。下面是小编分享的话题作文写作指导,一起来看一下吧。
所谓“话题作文”,是指用一段提示语启发思考,激发想象,然后限定范围的一种命题形式。它不同于以前的半命题、命题及材料作文,是一种崭新的、具有很强生命力的作文样式。
话题作文一般有三部分组成:提示性文字材料、话题范围、注意事项或要求。
话题作文有自己独特的个性,其基本特征可以概括为“四不限(即不限文体、不限主旨、不限具体内容及不限题目)一强调(强调考查考生的创新能力和综合素质)”。
要写好话题作文,应做好以下几点:
1、善于化大为小
话题作文由于范围宽泛,给学生的把握带来了一定的困难,因此写作前首先应学会化大为小。如一个西瓜,洗净后只有切成小块才好下口。话题作文的写作也应如此。我们可以将话题化为几个契合话题的子话题,然后从这些子话题中选择一个易写好的来写。简单地说就是采用大题小作的写法,从具体一点切入,然后调动自己的积累,在这个问题上聚焦、展开和提炼,把这一点说足说深说透。这样才能在800字左右的篇幅内写出立意鲜明集中、内容具体充实的好文章。
如果不善于化大为小,就难免泛泛而谈。那种东说一句西扯一句,鸡零狗碎的“拼盘”,是难以得到阅卷老师“欢心”的。
2、善于以小见大
如果仅局限于“小”,文章就显得平淡无奇,没有深意。只有小中见大,才能发人深思,引人如胜。
所谓以小见大,即大处着眼,小处落笔。写小的事情,表现大的主题。这种手法,往往通过对具体、平凡的小事小物和有关细节材料的叙述描写,并加以适当抒情议论,以阐明大道理,揭示深刻的社会意义,以一滴水折射出太阳的光辉,于细微处体现伟大的精神。如《琐忆》等,都采用了这种写法。
篇14:高三英语作文朋友100词
全文共 606 字
+ 加入清单Zhang Ying is my good friend. She’s in Class1, Grade4 in Tianjiao Primary
School. She’s a model student. She’s smart and she’s helpful, too. She often
helps teachers and young students at school. She is good at Chinese, math,
English, arts and crafts, music and so on. She has a lot of hobbies. She likes
painting and drawing. And she likes listening to music, having picnics with her
parents. Oh yeah, she likes fishing, too. But she doesn’t like playing
basketball, football, table tennis or volleyball. Zhang Ying is the best friend
of mine. I like playing with her. We always work together and help each
other.
篇15:2024年小升初作文指导:作文写作九大得分技巧
全文共 1803 字
+ 加入清单考试作文中,一般都是由考生自己来拟定题目,题目不宜太长和太短。小编收集了作文写作九大得分技巧,请大家参考。
一、作文成绩看字迹,得分要素是第一
这一点,所有的同学们一定要掌握明白了。任何形式的作文考试,阅卷老师打分时,第一眼,看的是字迹。因此,写作文必须要把字写好。记住,考作文考的是内容,而不是书法,切忌字迹潦草。
二、考试作文五六段,干净整洁看卷面
考试作文中,要注意及时分段,三四个段落显得少了,八九个段落,显得琐碎了些。除非有特殊情况,段落以五六个段落为好。此外,卷面一定要整洁,不要涂改得乱七八糟。我的看法是,考试作文每段最好别超过5行,顶多是5行半。切忌一段都八九行,写成“大肚子作文”。一旦给阅卷老师视觉上的疲劳,影响他的心理,分数就受影响。如果有必要,死拉硬拽也要注意分段。
三、开头结尾要简练,最好首尾两行半
除了切忌大肚子作文外,“大头作文”也要不得。建议考生在写作文的时候,开头结尾占两行半的卷面。顶多也不能超过三行半。想想看,一个开头就占太多的空间,阅卷老师的视觉又会有瞬间的疲劳,也会影响阅卷老师的情绪。
四、动笔之前要拟题,漂亮标题如美女
考试作文中,一般都是由考生自己来拟定题目,题目不宜太长和太短。怎么拟题呢?对于成绩一般的考生,应该采取特别措施了。拟题的办法有2个,一是你去百度上搜索一下作文拟题目,可以找到作文老师讲述的类似技巧。二是考生家长或考生,赶紧去翻阅最近一年的读者和青年文摘的合订本,根据题材,选择几十个比较精彩的标题,背下来,考试的时候可能比葫芦画瓢地就能采用到。
五、作文首尾要打眼,丰富多彩出靓点
考试作文的开头方法很多:六要素开头法、题记开头法、悬念开头法、引名句开头法、排比句开头法、拟人式开头法、设问式开头法、对偶式开头法、博喻加对仗开头法,合用修辞开头法、巧述典故开头法,解题式开头法、名人问答开头法、诗文引用开头法。希望考生们准备好一些关于道德、学习、礼仪、爱国、美德等方面的典故、名人名言,到时候就用得上。至少,你看到作文的时候,脑子里会闪现出上述前七八个开头方法。
结尾也很重要。一般来说,结尾是总结全文。如果是记叙文,要注意抒情。如果是议论文,则要注意归纳。无论如何,最好要扣准标题。怎么扣呢?如果你实在拿不准,就在结尾段的第一句,把题目说一下,然后归纳全文观点就是了。
六、动笔之前不要慌,想了题目列提纲
上面说了好几种技巧,其实在具体操作的时候,列提纲很关键。譬如,写记叙文要设计好开头结尾,同时要把你叙述的事情分成几个层次,一个层次是一段,中间如果能设置好一个过渡句或过渡段更好。列提纲的时候,一定要把开头结尾写详细写,中间各段,穿插哪些精彩的话语或名言俗语、诗词典故,要写准。一个合格的学生,列提纲,大约5分钟到8分钟。时间要掌握好,如果时间紧张,提纲就要简练些。
七、想好主题和文体,非驴非马不可取
写作文,要么是记叙文,要么是议论文。一般来说,多是“总—分—总”结构。记叙文的结尾要注意抒情和总结哲理,议论文最好是“1—3—1”或者“1—4—1”结构,中间的3或4,是分层解题。当然也可以灵活采用夹叙夹议的手法。但是注意,千万别议论文说了那么多事例却不归纳主题,千万记叙文忘记说事却议论过多。因此,写考试作文,事先要想好了,我写的是什么文体,就按相应文体的写法来写。
八、适当克隆和“抄袭”,考前备料攒信息
考试前,建议考生翻阅大量的范文,积累一些考试作文的结构。如果写记叙文,最好翻阅《读者》和《青年文摘》,其中的一些散文,结构是很好的,可以把写作的梗概和套路归纳出来。到考试的时候,你采用别人的“筐”,把自己的东西向里面装就可以了。关于感情、爱国、人生之类的优美语言,可以分别背个三五句,到时候直接抄上去就行了,这不算抄袭。关于国家大事,时事政治和要闻什么的,也要注意搜集一下。譬如,去年有奥运,今年是建国60周年,还有汶川地震的感人事迹等,都可以做考试作文的题材。
此外也有一些不太规范的方法,譬如别家的感人事迹,可以搬到自己家。这在考试的时候要灵活慎重运用。
九、篇幅争取要写满,多写一点是一点
一般来说,小升初作文要求都不低于500-600字。如果要求是600字左右,那就顶多写到700字。如果是不低于多少字,建议考生,争取合理安排卷面,把给的卷面写满到95%左右,留下最后一两行。作文老师一看你写得那么多,肯定觉得你的作文相对熟练,作文打分就趋高不趋低。
篇16:2024年中考作文指导:散文总论写作方法
全文共 1614 字
+ 加入清单散文须有敏锐的思想,思想越是崇高,作品的艺术光辉就越强烈,越有艺术生命力。小编收集了2017年中考作文指导:散文总论写作方法,欢迎阅读。
散文是所有文学样式中最自由活泼、无拘无束的体裁。轻便灵活,战斗性强,便于及时反映迅速变化的事物,富有现实性。报刊杂志最喜欢此类及时反映生活,短小隽永的文章。
它有时似银光闪闪的匕首,直刺敌人心脏;有时象抒情诗,抒发内心深处的思想感情;有时如娓娓动听的故事,叙述人世间的悲欢离合;有时若一幅水墨画,描绘山光水色、花鸟鱼虫。
它体积小,容量大。宇宙之大,草虫之微,均可包容。可以“小题大作”,也可以“大题小作”,一事一物,抒发开去,感情的溪流,汩汩流出,想象的翅膀,振翅飞翔,思想的火花,迸溅生辉。它可以写景、叙事、抒情、议论,也可以时而写景,时而叙事,时而抒情,时而议论,溶为一体,更见多采多姿。善于驾驭者,往往把风景、人物、议论、思想组织在一个题目下,象灵巧的蜘蛛网一样,熔炼成一篇情致隽永的散文。
散文的题材无限广阔,不应划地为牢,规定这应该写,那不应该写,应以作者的个性、爱好、素质、经历、思想感情而定。在这急遽变化的现实生活里,应加强作品的时代感,投身到当前大变革的洪流中去。用散文轻便灵活的形式,兴改革之风,赞创业之人,抒时代之情,绘神州之美。要把人民最关心的事情和愿望反映出来,体现时代的精神,开阔自己的视野,扩大自己的胸怀,与时代精神同步,和人民群众共呼吸。
无庸讳言,眼下有的散文写个人生活的抒情咏叹,往往沉迷于身边琐事,抒发自己胸臆里的那一点喜怒哀乐,而不能把个人感情的漪涟融汇于时代洪流中去,激起飞溅的浪花,反映时代的色泽。有的游记散文,大同小异,就是跳不出前人的臼巢,抒情写景没有新鲜感。有的知识性散文,老生常谈,找不到新的发现,论知识不如专家,谈文采又觉逊色。有的史料性散文,介绍的是人所熟知的史料,给人一种陈芝麻料谷子印象。有的时事性散文(杂文),缺乏“匕首”和“刀枪”的锐利,缺乏睿智和幽默,读来如报纸上平板的短评……所有这一些,就是缺乏强烈的时代感,和人民最关心的事物与愿望相游离。
鲁迅先生说:“生存小品文,必须是匕首,是投枪,和读者一同杀出一条生存的血路的东西。但自然,它也能给人愉快和休息。然而这不是小摆设,更不是抚慰与麻醉。它给人愉快和休息是休养,是劳作和战斗之前的准备。”鲁迅所处的时代是黑暗的旧中国,在那“风雨如磐”的日子里,他的笔象匕首和投枪,和读者一起杀出一条生存的血路,不愧是一个战士。今天,我们正全力以赴向信息化进军,我们的笔要为之谱写战歌,也要横扫进军路上的绊脚石。当然,也欢迎“给人愉快和休息”的美妙作品。
有人说鲁迅的散文看起来没有一篇紧扣题目,就题论题,散得很。实际上,他用自己精深的思想红线把生活海洋中的贝壳珠粒,穿缀成闪光的项链。虽然色彩斑驳,但却粒粒如数,虽然运思落笔似不经心,但字字珠玑,环扣主题。形“散”,而“神”不散。这种“散”与不散互相统一,相映成趣,是“神”与“散”兼备的佳作。
散文要有思想的光辉。散文家不仅应是美文家,更应是思想家。凡是读者赞叹击节,印象深刻的散文,大都含蕴着鲜明的立意,闪耀着思想的火花。
散文须有敏锐的思想,思想越是崇高,作品的艺术光辉就越强烈,越有艺术生命力。范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》是一篇不到五百字的散文,而文中“不以物喜,不以己悲,居庙堂之高,则忧其民。处江湖之远,则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶?其必曰:先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐欤。”就闪烁着永不磨灭的思想光辉,传颂千古,后人把它奉为一种崇高的思想境界,作为宝贵的精神财富继承下来。
我们正处在新世纪大变革、大建设的崭新时代,五彩缤纷的现实生活正在发生历史性的深刻变化。新的人物,新的问题,新的思想,新的感情,新的道德观念,新的审美观念……要求散文作者去体验、观察、思索、反映,写出象鲁迅与范仲淹那样带有时代色彩的散文。写出为人民喜爱的佳作。
篇17:六级英语写作的七大要点
全文共 4319 字
+ 加入清单作文是六级考试的一个重要得分部分,可说起写作技巧,很多同学都会皱眉头,抱怨无话可写,内容平淡。下面是小编整理的六级写作的七大要点,欢迎阅读。
一、 长短句原则。
工作还得一张一弛呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
二、 主题句原则。
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、 一 二 三原则。
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!
四、短语优先原则。
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。
其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
五、多实少虚原则
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。
比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospitable 之类的形象词。
再比如: 走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!
六、 多变句式原则。
1)加法(串联)都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用:besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语:despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语:then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。举例:This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:When to go, Why he goes away…
5)附加(多此一举)如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6)排比(排山倒海句)文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
七、挑战极限原则。
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. 如果你可以写出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!
篇18:2024英语六级图画作文写作方法
全文共 807 字
+ 加入清单一、描述图画
图画作文对图画的描述应在第一段进行,且最好在首句即开始。此类作文大部分是一幅图,也会有两幅图出现的情况。如果出现两幅图,则很有可能是突显对比的情况。
图画上可能没有任何文字,也可能在上面出现了一句话,也可以单个人物说话或两个人物对话,也可能在图画外写了总结性的一句话。大家注意,这一句话或两句话一般是非常重要的,应予译出。
一般说来,对图画的描写不必过长,应以简练、准确为标准。
二、图画类作文结构分析
我们想象中的最典型最理想的图画题提纲应该是下面这样:
1. 描述图画
2. 推导绘画者的意图
3. 做出评论
对于这一提纲我们来做具体分析,其中第三点更要细致研究。首先由图画引出一种社会现象或社会问题,可以是好的,也可以是不好的。在推导绘画者的意图时多是展开说此现象或问题的表现,以证明其引人注目。还有一种可能性是说此现象或问题产生的原因,提纲可直接列出,或还用上述提纲。这时可把简单意图推导直接放到第一段描述图画之后,而在第二段中说原因。
第三段做出评论,有可能只是简单评论、深化主题就结束,但这种可能性越来越小了。这一部分很可能说的是办法,不好的事情就是如何解决的办法,好的事情就是如何进一步发展的方法。
通过上述列表,我们可以看出,多年以来,真实的提纲是怎样一步步地向我们想象中的理想模式靠近的。对于提纲里面出现的变化和规律,我们来分析一下。
我们仔细分析,会发现历年考研真题基本上都呈现"现象或问题——原因解释——解决办法"这样的模式,但变化非常多。因为我们谈论的既可以是一件值得弘扬的好事,也可能是一个令人忧心忡忡的社会问题;针对后者我们极有可能需要提出做法;而对于前者,可能解释一下就结束了,也可能要写出相应的做法。
综上所述,可以看出,比起图表作文来,图画作文要更灵活,更富于变化。我们一定要多练习,以达到一看到图画(含图中和图边文字)和提纲(有时有文章标题)就能有效地审题解题,构造出合理的具体段落的目的。
篇19:那一刻我长大了优秀作文指导
全文共 353 字
+ 加入清单虽然我只是一个一脸稚气,调皮捣蛋的孩子,但是我已经长大了。
我再也不是以前那个饭来张口,什么事情都需要爸爸妈妈帮助的小公主了。我从妈妈开刀的那时我就觉得我变懂事了,长大了。
在前不久,我妈妈因为得了急性阑尾炎,所以要住院做手术。我回到家后,一听到这个坏消息,我就觉得鼻子酸酸的,眼泪像雨一样,不停地下来。
我一写完作业,我赶紧就叫爸爸带我去医院看妈妈。一来到医院,就看见妈妈吸着氧气,挂着盐水,脸色苍白。我心里想妈妈开刀一定很疼吧!我不忍心打扰妈妈,便在旁边看着妈妈,守护着妈妈。过了几天,妈妈渐渐好了点,我就给妈妈端茶送水,我像妈妈以前照顾我一样无微不至地照顾妈妈。妈妈坐在床沿上微笑着抚摸着我的头说:“你长大了,真是我的乖女儿。”
从那妈妈的一句话开始,我就认为我已经长大了,懂得照顾妈妈,是个真正的大孩子了。
篇20:2024年英语议论文写作技巧
全文共 870 字
+ 加入清单议论文主要包括三要素:论点、论据和论证方法。论点必须正确。论据是为说明论点服务的,既要可靠又要充分,事实胜于雄辩,是最好的论据。论据也可以是人们公认的真理,经过实践考验的哲理。论证的方法多种多样,常用的方法有:
1. 归纳法
从分析典型,即分析个别事物入手,找出事物的共同特点,然后得出结论。
2. 推理法
从一般原理出发,对个别事物进行说明、分析,而后得出结论。
3. 对照法
对所有事实、方面进行对照,然后加以分析,得出结论。
4. 驳论法
先列出错误的观点,然后加以逐条批驳,最后阐明自己的观点。
二、议论文的特点
议论文的结构一般有引子、正文和结论句三部分。一般在引子部分提出论点,即文章的主题,在正文部分摆出有利的事实,对论点进行严密的论证,最后根据前面的论证得出结论。
三、议论文的写法
要写好议论文,必须注意以下几点:
1. 确定论点
论点通常在文章的第一段提出。
2. 要有足够的论据,可以列举生活的实例
3. 论证要有严密的逻辑性
所有事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论连接起来。
4. 层次要清楚
5. 态度诚恳、友好,因为议论文重在说理,以理服人
议论文在写作手法上以议论为主,但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件,或是议论的补充;议论文中的叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据的因此,叙述应该是概括的,描写应该是简要的。
6. 论据要充分
欲证明自己的观点必须有充分的证据。作者可以列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历。
议论文尽管有多种写法,但中学生的英语作文都有提示,因此,论点、论据一般都是确定的,我们首先应准确找出论点、论据及其间的相互关系,也即是要找出要点;然后考虑如何组织材料,也即是论证的方式,短文的写法;还应考虑文章的时态、语态等。议论文常用一般现在时,但述说过去的事实时,可用过去时态;预测将来时,要用将来时态;也经常使用被动语态;有时假设一种虚拟情况时,还需要用上虚拟语气。在考虑了短文的写法、时态、语态等后,可根据行文的需要,使用恰当的连接词,按适当的顺序将写好的句子组合成短文。