关于低碳生活高中英语作文（实用20篇）

Today, as the economy develops fast, people can buy what they need, the

producers provide them all the new things, so the factory produce many products,

in order to make the biggest profit, they don’t deal with the pollution. Water

gets polluted, it does harm to people’s health, we drink water everyday, the

government controls the producers to figure out some ways to deal with the water

pollution.

Time travel, I came to the future world of the 24th century, and saw the new life of human future.

Is the future house mobile or free to live in. There are not many furniture and electric appliances, but they have complete functions. The air conditioner is gone. The room is warm in winter and cool in summer. It turns out that people store the hot air in summer for use in winter, and store the cold air in winter for use in summer. There is no lampblack machine in the kitchen, because the new cooking oil will not produce lampblack to pollute the environment. There is no lamp. Advanced lighting materials are shrunk into small particles. You can put them into environmental protection paint and paint them on the wall. When the light is dark, the wall will produce light. People can adjust the brightness manually. The TV no longer needs remote control switch. As long as you say "on", it will start to play, and can provide different programs for different people at any time. It really becomes "Green TV". Children can watch healthy programs.

In the future, the worlds cars will be very environmentally friendly. They will all become solar powered cars. The exhaust emissions will still be beneficial to human life. Cars can be changed into various forms, driving on land, sailing on the sea, flying in the sky. In this way, it is much more convenient for people to travel.

How environmentally friendly and comfortable life will be in the future!

不得不说，我的高中生活是简单又幸福的，因为我知道我想要什么，也因为我有一对全力支持我的爸爸妈妈。

因为我知道我想要什么，从高一开始，我就在为了我的目标而努力。我照样也和同学在课余时间玩儿了游戏，但我的学习一点也没有耽误。我一直都是班里的第一名，因为我知道我必须在班级里保持第一，我才有可能在市里排上名次，才有机会在省里排上名次，才有可能在千军万马过独木桥时不被挤到水里去。虽然我是会游泳，但毕竟游泳不能有一辈子，我还是得进到理想的大学去读理想的专业，用自己喜欢的专业去做喜欢的事情，这样我才能够成为我人生的主人，而不是被动的奴隶。

我的高中生活能够既简单又幸福，还因为我有一对全力支持我的爸爸妈妈。他们不是读过很多书的人，但他们是经历过很多事儿的人，他们知道人生该如何过才不会后悔，他们知道我的想要正是一个正确的方向后，便对我非常放心。他们只是退居了二线，负责给我的高中生活提供充足的营养，不论是物质上还是精神上。在物质生活上，爸爸妈妈为我提供了足以我身体生长发育的营养，也提供了足以我大脑能够保持告诉运转的营养。在精神生活上，我的爸爸妈妈则陪着我谈心，也带着我去读书看报，尽可能的告诉我多一些外面的世界的复杂和真相，让我能够在高中的时候就有足够的心理准备去勇敢面对。

站在高中的尾巴上，看我的高中生活，也像是看我的未来生活一样，都是充满着幸福的生活，既简单又幸福。高中生活是因为知道目标所以简单，因为有爸爸妈妈的支持而幸福，未来的生活是因为有现在的铺垫而充满着幸福。

With time goes by， it bees a bit hard for me to remember everything about

myself at the first day of my college life。 However， there was one thing for

sure that I did feel quite excited and curious about my university。 There is no

doubt that students like me have struggled for a long time so that can be

permitted to enter the university。

Bringing with expectation， I got into Gongshang University。 Generally

speaking， its an interesting and fantastic place for us to study and live in。

Every day a series of outgoing people get into my eyesight。 Curious and out of

politeness， Id talk to them heart to heart。 Here I make friends with my new

classmates from everywhere around China。 Whats more， time and weather

permitting， I will enjoy jogging or playing basketball with my classmates on the

playground， tired but happy。 When staying in dormitory， I choose to read news

online and sometimes watch a film for relaxing。 However， a good student can

never leave his study behind。 When it es to study， hard problems never upset me，

instead they arouse me。 Rather than ignoring it， Id think carefully for a while

and ask my classmates for help。

To be honest， there are some things I don’t deal with properly。 For

instance， once I spent nearly a whole day playing puter games。 Personally， we

university students are already adults and its our obligation to develop

ourselves in college by learning new professional skills。 Not until we take a

right attitude towards our study and life can we win a rich and colorful

experience in college。

The Lunar New Year

The Lunar New Year occasion to the Chinese people. It lasts about the first four days of the year, during which people do not work except for the workers on duty. Students do not go to school, and shops are closed.

Several days before the new year, people begin to prepare. Farmers kill pigs, sheep, cocks and hens. City dwellers buy meat fish and vegetables. Houses are cleaned; couplets are posted on the doors. Colourful lanterns are hung at the gate.

On the eve of the new year, each family has its members gatherd together and eats a family reunion dinner. After the meal they watch TV until the clock strickes twelve. Then every family sets off long strings of small firecrackers and other fireworks to welcome the new year. On the first day of the new year, almost everyone is dressed in his or her best. Whenpeople meet on the way, they say to each other "Happy New Year". Friends and relatives pay new year calls and gives presents to each other. Children indulge themselves in games.

春节

农历新年对中国人来说是个很重要的节日。它大约要持续4天，在这期间，除了值班人员外，人们都放假了。工人不开工，学生上不学，商店关门。

新年前几天人们就开始准备。农民们宰杀猪、鸡、羊。城市居民买肉、鱼、蔬菜。人们打扫房子，贴对联，挂彩灯。

新年除夕，各家各户围坐在一起吃团圆饭。饭后，人们看电视，到了午夜12点，在这辞旧迎新的时刻，人们燃放各种烟花炮竹来庆祝。新年第一天，即正月初一，所有的人都穿着最漂亮的衣服，路上相遇，互相道“新年好”，亲戚朋友拜年互赠礼物，孩子们尽情地玩耍。

Everyone has their own dreams， I am the same. But my dream is not a lawyer， not a doctor， not actors， not even an industry.

Perhaps my dream big people will find it ridiculous， but this has been my pursuit! My dream is to want to have a folk life! I want it to become a beautiful painting， it is not only sharp colors， but also the colors are bleak， I do not rule out the painting is part of the black， but I will treasure these bleak colors! Not yet， how about， a colorful painting， if not bleak， add color， how can it more prominent American? Life is like painting， painting the bright red color represents life beautiful happy moments. Painting a bleak color represents life difficult， unpleasant time. You may find a flat with a beautiful road is not very good yet， but I do not think it will. If a person lives flat then what is the point?

Life is only a short few decades， I want it to go Finally， Each memory is a solid.

Almost everyone wants to live a long life, but longevity is not for all

people. It is reported that most long life people are in villages, far away from

big cities. In village, life is closer to nature. The sky there is clear and

pretty; the air is fresh; the water is clean; and the food they eat are natural,

without any chemicals. Besides, those villages are abundant in green trees,

beautiful flowers, fresh fruit, and wild animals, which can evoke peoples

passions for life. Moreover, the living pace in those villages is rather slow.

People suffer less stress than cities’. Thus, they have more freedom to enjoy

what they like. No wonder that most villagers are strong and healthy. If I

become old someday, I would like to move to village to enjoy a more comfortable

and pleasant life.

1995 I went into taizhou junior middle school.Totally we had 7 classes,I

was in class 4.The head-teacher of the class was a middle age woman.she was so

strict with us.for example, i was catched when i ate a big rabbit sugar during

class time,she asked me to buy that bland sugar one peice for everyone.in my

opinion ,she hated everyting except study,everyweekend ,she asked us to study in

school,sunday afternoon was just the free time for us.when she saw we played

football,she must get the ball back to her office.someone who was to be in love

was found by her,he would be punished just like a shit.luckyly,i was not found

by her.i liked the girl who was my Elementary school schoolmate during my junior

middle school.i didnt know she konwed or not.it ended when we graduated.but i

liked to talk with others during class time,everytime i was found by her,she

asked me to write 3000 words to explain why and how to do in future. nowadyas

every time i remeber what happened in my junior middle school,i deeply appreciat

her kindness.she is real a good teacher.

My junior middle school time has pasted ,but it will influece till the end

of my life.

上初中的时候一直都很向往高中生活，看过的小说、电视剧都是在诉说着高中生的故事。各种社团、学生会、还有有趣的校园活动。可是当自己真的坐在高中的教室、走在高中校园的道路上，我们就会感觉到现实与虚拟的差距。

“光阴似箭，日月如梭。”三年说长也长，但说短一眨眼的功夫就过去啦。在有些同学眼里，这三年他们很充实，而有些同学在反映过来要学习的时候，高考就在眼前。

我们往往抓不住飞逝的时间，等知道后悔时，才发现已经和时间隔开了老长一段距离了，当我们再想追赶时却为时已晚，每当我们发现自己正在做一件多么愚蠢幼稚的事时，我们再去后悔再去悔过，都已经没有意义了，已经做过了。每次，在错误面前忏悔时，才知道我们做的是一件做事，而有时我们明明知道这是一件错事为什么还要做？

有时候，我真的很迷茫，明知山有虎却偏向虎山行的我们，为什么在事先不思考做这件事的严重后果，而是要在明知故犯下做卑微的忏悔。

高中的生活已经过去半学期，我们错过、对过、哭过、笑过。但这些事都过去了年，我们有了新的开始，把过去半年的错误抛到脑后，开始新一轮比拼。我们保证不了什么，也不敢向谁保证，没有十足的把握，谁也不敢肯定什么。只有实践，努力做出来，看看自己的本事到底有多少！

在飞逝的时间里，时间老人不会给我们过多的思考空间，也不会不给我们考虑的余地。但是，一旦时间流走，当我们心有余而力不足时，再想抓住他重新来过，已是无济于事！

[高中生活作文

时光荏苒，岁月如梭，三年高中转瞬即逝，高中生活的经历与体会。回顾三年的生活与学习，在良师的精心指导以及自己的勤奋拼搏下，我认真学习，发挥自己的特长，挖掘自身的潜力，从而提高了自己的学习和分析能力，也获得了老师的认同。另外，在学习之余，我坚持参加各种体育活动，使自己的身体保持在最佳状态，逐渐成为一个各项能力很强的高中生，并适应社会需求的高中生，为做一个知识型的社会主义建设者打下了坚实的基础。我始终以老师要求的标准来严格要求自己。有渴望，有追求，有成功也有失败，我孜孜不倦，不断挑战自己，充实自己，为实现人生价值打下了基础。在思想品德上，我不断培养自己的道德修养。在学习上，刻苦努力。在课余生活中，我坚持培养自己广泛的兴趣爱好。为提高社会交往和各方面知识的运用能力，我积极参加社会实践活动。在生活上，热心助人，有言必行，时间观念强，有着良好的生活习惯和正派作风。在为人处事上，我坚持严于律己，宽以待人，我也体会到，若想别人尊重自己，首先自己先尊重别人，良好的人际关系正是建立在理解与沟通基础之上的。

通过不断的努力与学习，使自己的知识水平，思想境界，为人处事等方面都迈上了一个新的台阶。脱离了幼稚、浮躁和不切实际，心理上更加成熟、坚定、稳重。

我会更加努力，以饱满的热情，坚定的信心，高度的责任感去迎接新的挑战，攀登新的高峰。

Today is the first day of the New Year, the morning of fresh air and

sunshine, mother took me to feel the New Years day outside the atmosphere.

Street vehicle comings and goings, flowing very lively, mother took me to

the supermarket to buy things, supermarket bustling, originally people rush to

buy New Year gift! My mother said he wanted to buy a toy, I say: "I is the big

kid dont car these toys, it would save some money to buy school things," then I

will take some learning supplies and a cake billet to do our own cake to

celebrate New Years day. On the way back to my grandmas I saw many shops,

supermarkets in glass written on New Years day wishes everybody happy, return

to my grandmas I took the cake billet and brother in above the text is

made.

Less than half an hour a nifty bright homemade cake will appear in the

present, this is really a happy New Year!

七月，我经过中考，进入了理想的高中。刚踏入高中大门，我的第一感觉就是喜欢。这里有“滴水穿石”的迎宾景，这里有飞机形的教学楼，这里有围环校园的草苹、花圃。这所校园散发出的清新气息，使我对即将开始的高中生活充满新奇的感觉。

渐渐融入高中生活之后，我便对这个校园有了更多的了解。老师是循循善诱的，同学是团结友善的，学习氛围是锐意进取的。课上我喜欢积极思考、学习知识；课下，我也喜欢漫步在校园小道上，看柳枝翩翩起舞，品味“吹面不寒杨柳风”的情趣。我喜欢自习课上静心温习功课，自习课间到育英湖畔，想象“清水出芙蓉”的景象。

这是个欣喜的七月。

七月，再回到校园，我的惊讶溢于言表。我心爱的柳树不见了，篮球场不见了，同学们告诉我，学校要建一座多功能信息楼。建楼就建楼吧，为什么一定要砍倒那会在轻风中曼舞的柳树呢？我默默地哭泣，那柳枝飞扬的景象，只能成为我的记忆了。

还没有走出失柳的哀叹，又接到要文理分班的通知。何去何从呢？我最喜欢的老师要教理科，我最要好的朋友要报理科，而我最擅长的却是文科。唉！情意是难舍的，可毕竟要对自己的未来负责。

这是个怅然的七月。

七月，马上又要来临，漫步校园小道的时间少了，去育英湖赏景的时间少了，跟朋友谈天的时间少了。不对，准确的说，这些时间没有了。

一日，无意间驻足在花草旁，看见眼前的红花绿草，不禁自问：这书山题海的生活中是不是少了点什么？来不及细想，又要加快脚步，因为高考就要临近了。

这是个拼搏的七月。

高中生活，有欣喜、有怅然、有拼搏。她筑成了我的青春年华，填充了我青春的记忆，烙刻了我青春的印迹。

高中写未来生活的英语作文带翻译范文篇1

With the development of science and technology, our lives have changed a lot in the past century. Many things that wouldn’t happen before have come into reality now. Therefore, our lives will change as well in the future. Our pace of live will greatly speed up, because we will help many machines to finish our work. Many things can be done autonomously. Therefore, people will have more time for fun. People can travel the outer space freely. Space shuttle can bring people to planets far from the earth. Human beings may live in other planets. Besides, our environment will be much better than now, because some effective measures are taken to protect the environment. Earth is still a beautiful home for human.

随着科技的发展，上个世纪我们的生活发生了很大改变。很多以前不可能发生的事现在都成为了现实。因此，我们将来的生活也会改变。我们的生活节奏会大大加快，因为我们会让很多机器帮我们完成工作。很多事情都可以自动完成。这样人们就有更多时间来玩了。人们可以自由到外太空旅游。航天飞机可以把人们带到远离地球的行星上。此外，我们的环境会比现在好，因为我们可以采取一些有效措施来保护环境。地球仍旧是人类的美好家园。

高中写未来生活的英语作文带翻译范文篇2

I imagine a lot about lives in the future. I think two words can summarize my imagination. The first word is fast. In the future, we will have more quickly transportation means. Now matter how far we go, it takes only a short time. With the development of science and technology, we can travel to the moon, Mars or somewhere outer space. People may can live in other planets. The second word is convenient. Because of the fast development of our society, many work can be done by the computers or even robots. Lots of things are fully automated. Humans just need to give some simple instructions to complete complecated tasks.

我对未来生活充满了想象。我认为可以用两个词来概括我的想象。第一个词是快速。将来，我们会拥有更快的交通方式。不管我们去得多远，它总能在短时间内把我们带到目的地。随着科学技术的发展，我们可以到月球，火星或者其他外太空旅游。人们也许可以在其他星球居住。第二个词是便利。由于社会的快速发展，很多工作可以用电脑或者机器人来完成。很多东西都是全自动的。人们只需要提供一些简单的指令来完成复杂的任务。

寒窗苦读的日子是枯燥的，特别是高中生活，整天只有学习，虽然没有老师整天守在身边，但还是会感到压抑。因为周围的同学们都在为了自己的未来而奋斗。所以我们必须得努力，依靠自己的自觉性，努力提升自己。虽然这个过程是艰难的，但是艰难与不艰难，自由与不自由，全在我们的一念之间。

高中是一个非常重要的时间段，是总结你的过去，开启你未来的钥匙，是人生一个重要的转折点。

总的来说，我们的过去或是懵懂的，或是无知的，或是激情的，或是无所畏惧的。而我们的未来也可能是无知的，冲动的，但也有可能是勇敢的，激情无限的。没有人能够准确无误地预测到他的未来是什么样的，也没有人不喜欢有一个好的未来。

我们的昨天为我们的今天付出，那我们的今天就是为了明天而努力，只有昨天的努力和今天的勤奋加在一起，才能铸造出一个美好的未来。而高中生活正是为我们以后打下坚实基础的关键时期。是人生的一个重要时间段。

同学们也许都会有这么一种感觉，不论是学习还是娱乐，都会有一种压抑的感觉，觉得没有以前那么自在了。朋友之间的相处也没有以前的那么亲密，熟识的人之间遇见了最多打一个招呼，微笑一下。因为我们的每一天都是匆忙的，似乎没有更多的时间去处理这些生活上的琐事。那么，朋友之间有时候自然就生分了。有时也会忽然觉得同学之间的关系有距离了，没有了往日的亲近，人与人之间似乎被一堵心墙隔开了，捅也捅不破，难以得到知心好友。但至少，我们没有社会上所谓的利益至上的关系，我们差的只是时间而已。

高中的我们虽然和往日一样的热血，一样的幼稚，但是相较起来，还是随着年龄的增长多了几分成熟，幼稚与成熟结合起来，还真有几分青春的可爱。

高中也不一定全是枯燥无味的，高中也有高中的精彩，高中有高中的快乐，高中也有高中的无奈，高中也会是五彩缤纷的，多姿多彩的。我们应该以我们年轻人的心态奋斗，并享受着我们的高中生活。

Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China. Before the Spring Festival People clean their houses，put red couplets on their gates，and set off firecrackers to drive away the legendary monster “Nian”.

On the eve of the Spring Festival, families get together and have a big dinner. Dumplings are the most traditional food.

The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days long .People visit relatives and friends with the words “Happy new year”. People enjoy the Spring Festival, during this time they can have a good rest.

Children like the festival very much, because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes .They can also get some money from their elders. This money is given to children for good luck.

Since we were born, we are meant to face the stage of study and work until

we retire, which seems everybody does the same thing in their life. They start

to wonder about the meaning of life. In my opinion, the meaning of life lies in

study and finding the right place.

Study comes first for human being. Since we learn the knowledge, we get to

know about the world. The more we learn, the more we want to search for the

unknown knowledge. The world is beautiful because of diversity, and there are so

many amazing scenery waiting for us to discover. At the process of searching the

knowledge, we also become mature and have our own thinking.

Finding the place in the world is the basic task for us. The purpose of

knowledge is to master some skills, so as to get accustomed to the world and

know what we want to do and what we can bring to the world. The value we create

can bring happiness to people we love and make a contribution to the world.

Life is short, but we keep searching all the time.

In ancient times， people called the six Yin number， nine known as Yang number。 September 9 this day， two together called "Double Ninth Festival"， the day also called "festival for the elderly"， is our country a long history of the festival。

After this afternoon， I and my classmates are on duty， 43 bus ride home。 The car is very crowded， I can not easily find a seat， a bottom seat， you can have a good rest for a while。

However， the car just after a stop， there is a old man on the train， he probably slightly hunched， over sixty。 I immediately thought to give seats to the old， but thought， he managed to sit down， let the pity。

How do ah? In the end is to let do not let? I think， as a young pioneer， if lets me not， then how to the front of my red scarf?? cant think， I must let。 So I stood up and said： "Grandpa， you come to sit!" I saw my grandfather smiled， then slowly sat down， and said to me： "really good boy!"。

Although I lost a seat for me to rest， but I got the words of praise and happy mood， which is how happy ah!

Care for the young is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation， we must continue to carry forward the spirit of this!

在古代，人们把六称为阴数，九称为阳数。九月九这一天，两阳相聚称之为“重阳”，这一天又叫做“老人节”，是我国一个历史悠久的节日。

今天下午，值勤过后，我就和同学一起坐43路车回家。车上很挤，我好不容易才找到一个座位，就一屁股坐下了，可以好好的休息一会了。

可是，车刚过了一站地，有一位老爷爷上车了，他微微驼背，大概六十多岁的 样子。我马上就想到了要给老人让座，但又转念一想，自己好不容易才坐下，让了怪可惜的。

怎么办啊?到底是 让还是不让?我想，身为一个少先队员，如果我不让的话，那又怎么对得起我胸前的红领巾呢?不能再想了，我一定要让。于是，我站起来，说：“爷爷，您来坐吧!”只见爷爷笑了笑，然后慢慢地坐下，并对我说：“真是好孩子!”我听了以后，心里也乐了，因为我做到了。

虽然我失去了一个供我休息的座位，但是，我却得到了表扬的话语和愉快的心情，这是多么快乐呀!

尊老爱幼是我们中华民族的传统美德，我们一定要让这种精神继续发扬光大!

The annual Spring Festival will soon come, everyone is busy to stick couplets on theSpring Festival, every family is jubilant atmosphere, very happy, our family is no exception, annual 29, I just get up and cried out, mother let my sister and I to stick couplets on the Spring Festival, we put up a big everyone in the middle of the door, the door both sides put up Spring Festival couplets, top allied is bottom allied FuZhongSheng is fond of music is "rich world wealth suisui huan" horizontal batch is "good luck in the New Year" we soon ok, Im very happy to be looked at his work.

New Years eve morning, we put on new clothes, and sister go to set off firecrackers. A villager "through the voice from our ears, as if to send blessings to families, we arevery happy. New Years eve night, we ate dinner, I and the father? Mother and sister together to watch Spring Festival gala. The wonderful performance of let my mood suddenly enlightened, crosstalk, sketch and dance... Very good. But I like the small shenyang? Ya eggs? Zhao benshan and old never put off till tomorrow what you can do "not bad money" is so fun.

一、形成性评价的概念

形成性评价(Formative Assessment)是美国评价学专家斯克里芬在1967年在其所著的《评论方法论》里提出来的。所谓的形成性评价是相对于传统的终结性评价(Summative Assessment)而言的，指的是对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩及所反映出来的情感、态度和策略方面的发展做出的评价，这种评价是通过对学生学习的整个过程持续观察、记录和反思之后得出来的。

形成性评价的目的是为了激励学生学习，帮助学生调控自己的学习过程。让学生获得成就感，增强其自信心和团结合作精神，让学生从被动接受评价变成一个评价的主体和积极参与者。形成性评价能够帮助教师了解学生的学习情况，从而制定下一步的教学计划。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价不只以考试成绩来衡量学生的学习情况，它更加灵活方便，也更加科学有效。形成性评价注重对学生学习行为和表现的评估，能够有效发挥学生的主动性和创造性，有利于培养学生的学习兴趣，也能够有效提高学生的自信心。

在英语口语教学中运用形成性评价，能够让学生在课堂中互相评价，增强学生参与课堂教学的积极性，在提高英语口语能力的同时体会到成功的快乐，形成一个教师与学生、学生与学生之间良好互动的课堂。形成性评价注重开发学生的创新能力和思考能力，而要培养这些能力就必须依靠坚持不懈的学习和运用来完成。

二、形成性评价的方法与工具

首先，一般而言，形成性评价的方法大致分为：自我评价、同伴互评和教师评价。

自我评价是指学生在学习的过程中就自己学习进程中的某个阶段性成果的总结和评价。自我评价是形成性评价中尤为重要的评价方法，只有通过自我评价才能尽力发挥其的主观能动性，积极主动地参与课堂教学活动。只有主观积极地参与课堂，就自己不同阶段的水平，才能更好地定位自己进一步的目标，并在课程初期、中期及末期分别给予自己相对客观中肯的评价，以促进下一阶段的学习。

同伴互评是指在课堂活动中，就某一活动进行同学之间的评价，评价包括学习态度、学习能力及学习方法的评价。在同伴互评的过程中，学生们可以相互探讨学习方法、交流学习心得、提出改进的建议和意见。同伴之间相互比较、竞争，相互取长补短，既增强了合作精神又促进了学习能力和学习效率的提升。同伴互评作为形成性评价重要的方法之一，其评价形式既增强了课堂的趣味性又增强了学生的学习自信心和学习热情。

课堂学习的主体是学生，但是学习评价的主体却是教师。形成性评价侧重过程教育，在教学过程中，根据需要调整教学计划和内容，该评价尤其重视学生与教师在课堂的共同参与度，而非教师“一言堂”。首先，教师在教学过程中设定好学生自我评价与同伴评价的量化标准，列好学生自我评价和同伴评价的核查表；其次，学生根据核查表才可有的放矢，对照核查表所列的内容一一检查，每节课后，客观公正地给予自己和他人中肯的评价；最后，结合学生自我评价和同伴评价的反馈结果，教师针对学生课堂上的表现，纵向对比某一特定学生评价前后的差异，或者横向比较某一特定组别在同一活动中每位学生各项指标的完成情况，同时，以多种形式反馈给学生并提出整改意见。因而，在教学的不同阶段，根据学生的能力发展状况，教师可适时调整评价方式，不断改进教学方法和教学手段。

只有将自我评价、同伴评价与教师评价结合在一起评价方式才能保证较好的教学效果，才能促进教育改革的进一步深化，真正达到以素质教育培养复合型人才的终极目标。

其次，形成性评价的行为评估工具有课堂观察、学生档案、座谈、问卷调查、访谈和对话周记等。如何运用以及怎样运用这些评价工具要根据所授课程、课程目标和授课对象等诸多因素做适当调整。

课堂观察是教学行为和技巧的基本方式。根据Genesee and Upshur(2001:79)的观点，教师在观察的基础上，可以评估学生已掌握和未掌握的内容。换言之，教师应该评估促进或阻碍学生学习的策略。与此同时，教师还可评估一些特定的教学策略的有效性，确定学生们欣赏哪些课堂活动和形式。课堂观察有助于教师更好地了解课程设计和学生需求的契合度。通过正式或非正式的观察，教师可掌握大多数学生对于教学安排的可接受程度，根据学生的需求改进或调整教学安排等，以提升教学效果。

“questionnaires and interviews can all be thought of as conversations between students and teachers”（Genesee and Upshur，2001:136）。如上所述，问卷调查和访谈都可被看作教师和学生间的对话，访谈和问卷调查是相似的，但决定使用访谈或者问卷调查可依据不同的教学目的。无论是哪种方式，都是老师和学生之间相对正式的会谈，这非常有利于老师对他的教学效果进行评估,诊断学生在英语学习遇到的困难，为学生寻找合适的解决问题,获得良好的学习策略和学习得到更多的进步。访谈和问卷调查设计应该根据学生的个人需求并符合教学目标。

对话周记作为教师和学生沟通的另一种方式，深受学生的喜爱。因课程设置和班级规模的不同，课堂观察、问卷调查及访谈都相对比较片面，而对话周记则可以关注到每个学生的不同需求。师生间定期通信，既增加了教师和学生之间的相互了解，增强彼此的信任，又能解决学生的个案问题，做到因材施教；同时，为了促进“教学相长”，学生可及时反馈教师的课堂教学，对于教师的教学提出较好的建议和意见。

学生档案是一个综合各项评估功能于一体的评估工具。它可以记录学生的成长、课堂变化且兼顾多种需要。如今，众多评价工具只把学生作为评价的对象，而评估的责任和任务的则落到了教师身上。但事实上，几乎没有一种评价工具能很好地管理学生活动并对其课堂行为负责。相比之下, 建立学生档案，需要学生亲力亲为；本着自我负责的原则，他们要更好地自我监督和控制，同时，在建档案的过程中，学生可以见证自己的进步与成长，增强学习的自信，提高学习的效果。

三、形成性评价对于英语口语教学的重要性与紧迫性

众所周知,教育评估在大学英语课程改革中扮演着相当重要的角色。英语教学的重点已从传播知识转移到培养能力。多年来，在中国，人们只注重英语写作和阅读的能力的提升，而一直忽视英语口语交际能力。多年来，教学评价已经被狭义理解为量化教学，而后进一步局限于教学测试。考试作为教学的终极目的，期末考试的成绩也就成为教师评价学生的最重要的依据。而对于口语课堂，单一的这种评估方式和依据增加了大多数学生的心理压力和少部分学生侥幸心理。考试成绩给学生很大压力，危害学生的发展，评估过程中，学生一直被动地参与，无法调动其积极性。当课程结束时，教师将得不到及时准确的学生反馈，无法改善评估方法以助于提高学生的英语口语能力。

“形成性评价源于诊断性测试。与终结性评价相比，形成性评价通过教学过程中多方面的评价发现问题，解决问题，强调过程性、目标性和学生学习的主动性。” (魏薇，2005) 鉴于终结性评价在口语测试评分中的片面性和主观性，大学英语口语表达能力的培养还是受到了这种终结性评价的制约。在大学英语口语教学中，形成性评价最重要的任务的是帮助教师监控学生英语口语的学习过程，提高学生的英语口语学习。如能将形成性评价的理论引入大学英语口语课堂教学与测试中，建立大学英语口语课程与形成性评价相结合的评估模式，则会推动大学英语口语教学和测试的改革进程。

鉴于口语课堂的特点，为了克服传统终结性评价对于口语课堂的制约性，形成性评价与大学英语口语教学相结合有其不可忽视的重要性和紧迫性。

首先，由于口语表达能力除了包含最基本的发音、词汇、语法能力还有语用能力、文化知识储备力等多项复杂的技能，而所有的这些技能无法在某一次测试中完全体现出来。因口语学习的最终目的是运用到相关学科、为了更好地促进国际交流。

而形成性评价尤其注重过程教学，这种评价将教学过程分成了诸多阶段，学生可在每个不同的阶段就自己的学习态度、发音、语言运用的准确性、流利程度以及课堂活动参与的积极性进行横向的同学互评和纵向的自我比较。一方面，横向比较可以找到彼此间的差距，互相帮助已达到各方面的提升；另一方面，学生可在整理学习档案的过程中，纵向比较自己前后阶段的学习情况，时刻了解自己在每个阶段的学习状况，在教师和同学的辅助下，运用不同的学习方法和策略，逐项提高自己的口语能力。 另外，教师在学生进行评价的过程中，可真实地参与并记录学生在各方面的真实水平。

其次，口语课堂实际上是教师与学生、学生与学生之间的互动交际。教师需要花费大量的时间设计口语活动、鼓励学生参与活动、监控课堂活动、诊断学生的需求和问题、记录学生的表现等。学生则在各种学习任务和活动中不断地练习、发现问题、纠正偏差。

与传统的终结性评价不同，形成性评价的最显著特征是评价的主体是学生，学生和教师共同参与课堂，缺一不可。根据多数学生的关注点，学生参与确定研究目标、评分标准和英语口语的性能评估。因而，他们了解每一项活动的任务和目标，他们可合理运用各种评价方式和工具，课前认真准备，课堂上积极参与，能与教师积极互动，课堂上客观地评价自己、同伴和教师。这不仅是一种评价过程，更是学生回归自我认同感的方式。学生增加了学习自信，在评价过程中不断积累经验，逐步获得学习成就感。教师亦可在与学生互动的过程中，更好地了解学生的知识掌握和课堂反馈情况，根据反馈适时调整教学方法。如此良性循环，既增强了课堂的趣味性又提高了学生的学习效率。

四、结语

形成性评价，作为正常教学和学习过程的有机部分，可以全面、客观、科学、准确地提供与其学习目标相关的重要信息，它有助于促进学生的个性化发展和外语教学质量的根本性提高。形成性评价其中的一个重要作用是培养学生良好的英语学习习惯。将英语形成性评价与口语教学紧密地结合在一起，能提高学生学习的兴趣并及时、准确、客观地反映学生的真实水平，使学生的英语口语能力稳步提高。通过采用具体的形成性评价方式，发展学生的自我评价与学生间相互评价的能力，以促进学生的自我反思与自我管理能力。从而提高学生自主学习意识与自主学习能力，并为他们养成终身学习的意识与习惯打下基础。

weeks ago ,I had a military training . Many students think military training is not only boring but also terrible .but I don‘t think so .In my opinion ,military training life is wonderful .At first ,I‘m afraid of joining military training ,at that time ,I think military training is scaring ,but I have to take part in it ,because I‘m a student .I have to obey the school regulations .But in fact ,we are wrong,military training is cold .but at the same time ,military training also brings happiness for us.For example , in our spare time ,the commander taught us singing songs,or had a singing match with other classes .On September third ,we had a match with Class Five . First ,one of the girls from Class Five sang songs ,she sang very well,I thought . Next, other students also performed the programmes ,some sang ,some dancd ,and another students told jokes . Finally ,our class won the first prize ,the other class‘ students are also very happy ,although they failed in the match .All in all ,all of us were very happy .What a happy day it was ! I‘ve never forgotten that day.

[军训生活英语作文

Last year, I went to Guilin for travel. On the train, I felt so bored. A

girl who sat next to me was reading a book, which caught my attention. I asked

her about the book, I found that I had read it before and then we discussed

about the novel. We talked happily, when the train arrived, we got off together.

When we got aparted, we promised to keep in touch. We communicated by the

computer. Now a year has passed, we become good friends and I miss her all the

time. She is a genuine friend. I plan to go to Guilin again and then we will

meet.