中学英语作文20篇（汇总20篇）

Every person needs sleep everyday. But with the high development of

society, most people have more and more things to do and have less time to

sleep. As a result, many people are lack of sleep. For a short time, they may

not realize the bad side of it, but it will bring something bad for them after a

long term. First of all, lack of sleep will do harm to people’s look. If they do

not sleep enough, they will get black eyes and bad skin easily, which will make

people look no so beautiful. Secondly, lack of sleep is bad for the spiritual

outlook. A person who lacking of sleep always looks tired and has no power to do

things. Last, not enough sleep for a long time will have bad influence of

thought. They always can’t be active in mind.

Things in the world are changing. People are changing and every creature is

changing. Changing is a neutral word. We can’t judge it is good or bad in

general, because every coin has two sides. But sometimes we need to change,

because it is good for us. Sometimes we will meet some difficult or

uncomfortable situation. When we are not able to change it, we need to change

ourselves. If both of us refuse to budge, the problem would not be solved.

Sometimes we need to change our life attitude; sometimes we need to change our

views of seeing things; sometimes we need to tolerant; sometimes we need to be

strong. Changing ourselves according to the specific situation is good for

us.

When we are little, we are eager to grow up, so that we can break free of

parental discipline even leave them far. Since we were a little child, we have

to be governed by teachers in school and endure parent’s ramble at home. These

are our growing pains. Besides, study, friendship, sometimes campus romance may

trouble us. However, as we grow up, we gradually find that things mentioned

above are not pains at all. There are much more serious things brother us. For

example, we may be less sensitive to the simple happiness and loss them

gradually. It’s hard for us to laugh from our heart. Moreover, we are in the age

that we are eager to grow up but afraid to grow up either. The ambivalence

afflicts us a lot. However, no matter what happens in our growth, they are parts

of our lives. We must accept them actively and do not let the pains prevent us

from happiness.

If life is a banquet,Friendshipis a flower. Friendship is to our life

what water is to fish. If you are in trouble, friends will surround you and

remove the barriers for you. Friendship plays an important role in our daily

life. I’ll cherish my friendship forever.

When I was in Grade 3 in senior high school, because of serious headache, I

couldn’t go to school. The doctor said that I must have a rest for a week. Once

hearing that, I was anxious. The step of Gaokao approaches. The subjects are

quite difficult. One night at eleven o’clock when we heard someone knock the

door, mum opened the door. Li Ming came in .He walked towards my bed and asked

my body. Then he said he would help me with the subjects. I didn’t agree with

him .After a day’s classes he was very tired. But he insisted on helping me with

the subjects. In the end, I agreed. Whether it was fine or not, he came

punctually. I was deeply impressed by his kindness. Apart from helping me with

the subjects, he also comforted me. And I felt better. As proverb says “If you

tell your sorrow to your friends, your sorrow will be reduced by half.” I

thought he had helped me a lot. If he had not helped me with the subjects at

that time, I firmly believed I would have fallen behind others. I felt an

immense gratitude to Li Ming. I was happy to have such a friend.

To sum up, a life without a friend is a life without sun. Friendship is one

of the most valuable things in life. We should treasure our friendship.

Do you know myhobby? My hobby is collecting stuffed animals. The frist one

I ever got was a penguin stuffed animal on my seventh birthday. In fact I think

its probably my favorite. Ive been collecting stuffed animals for five

years,and now I have 239 of them. My mom says I have to stop,because weve run

out of room to store them. I store them in my bed,and I even store them in boxes

under my bed. If you know anyone else who collects them,please tell me. Because

my favorite is collecting stuffed animals. And Id like to start a stuffed

animals collectors club. by the way,whats you hobby?

I think Mid-Autumn Day is an old traditional festival in China。 Everybody

likes it because its a family get-together。 You see it is called"Mid-Autumn

Day"， so it often es in September or October。 It is on the 15th of the 8th of

the lunar month。 Now， lets say something about this interesting festival。

Firstly， Id like to say something about the moon。 I like it very much

because I want to be an astronaut in the future。 That day the moon is round，

big， just like a beautiful plate hanging on the blue cloth。 When I see the moon，

I will remember the ancient myths——the godess Chang Er and her little rabbit are

playing under the tree which Wu Gang grows。 I will also think about Armstrongs

first moonwalk。 I will also miss the friends in Tai-wan island， in Macao and

Chinese people who are abroad。 I know they are missing us very much， too。

Secondly， I11 say something about the tradition on Mid-Autumn Day。

Look!Theres a big tree in a garden of a Chinese fami-ly。 All the family members

are sitting around a big table under the tree in the open air。 They are eating

the mooncakes and admiring the full moon in the sky。 That is a family reunion

dinner。 The mooncakes and the moon represent the love from a family。 I think

this is one of the most valuable things in the world。

Thirdly，it is a very good opportunity to make three wishes on Mid-Autumn

Day。 My wishes are: the first， I， an astronaut in the future， would like to go

to the moon one day， and stay with the sky and stars; the second， I hope every

person in the world will stay with family， share love from the family forever;

the third， I hope everybodys dream will e true。

That is the Mid-Autumn Day in my mind。 I will always re-member: East or

West， home is best。

A sunflower is a kind of beautiful and useful face is round and golden， looks like the sun. Thats why people call it sunflowers.向日葵时一种美丽而有用的植物。它的脸时圆形，金黄色，看上去像太阳，这就是为什么人们叫它为“向日葵”。 It faces the sun all the time during the autumn comes， sunflower fruit is le like eating them in their free s more， people can also make oil from them.在白天它一直面朝太阳。秋天到来时，葵花籽熟了。人们在休闲时喜欢吃葵花籽。而且，人们还用葵花籽榨油。 A sunflower brings us not only beauty but also delicious seeds.向日葵不仅给我们带来了美，而且提供了好吃的葵花籽。

my sister likes always goes swimming in last summer she was very unlucky.

she put her clothes in an old was hard to lock she went to she played happily in the swimming hours later,she went out the water and took out the key to the soon she found she cant open it at spent about half an hour to open it but nothing course she couldnt wear a swimming suit and go was worry about it.

at last she was kicked the it opened!

春节，一个我期待很久的日子，原本应该处处是一派快乐、热闹，到处充满欢声笑语的景象。但今年的春节，由于新型冠状病毒的肆虐，所以我只能待在家中，不可以出门，有事出门也要戴着口罩，而且爸爸妈妈每天都会提醒我要注意保暖，注意个人卫生。而在前线奋战的医生们，不知奋斗了多少个日夜，可是，新型冠状病毒好像丝毫没有退却的念头。在这几天中，不知有多少人被病毒夺去生命，不知有多少医生为了战“疫”不可以回家，还在与病毒抗争。

Spring Festival, a day Im looking forward to for a long time, should be

full of happiness, bustle and laughter. But this years novel coronavirus is so

rampant that I can only stay at home and wear masks when I go out, and my

parents remind me to keep warm and pay attention to personal hygiene every day.

The novel coronavirus seemed to have no intention of retreat, but doctors

struggled for many days and nights. In these days, I dont know how many people

have been killed by the virus, and how many doctors are still fighting against

the virus in order to fight the epidemic.

我不禁要问：“新型冠状病毒，你为什么选择了人类?为什么选择这样的日子降临人间?为什么要来伤害人类?”

What novel coronavirus, what do you choose to do with humans? What makes

such a date come to earth? Why do we want to harm human beings?

一天晚上，新型冠状病毒大胆地出现在我面前，扬起下巴轻蔑地一笑说：“你只看结果，不看经过，你知道我是怎么来的吗?我本来生活在动物身上，可是你们这些人类杀死了它们，还把它们吃了，还有人直播吃蝙蝠的过程。所以引发疾病的不是我，而是你们人类。而且我想告诉你，在这个世界上最可怕的不是狮子、老虎，而是你们人类，你们人类的嘴是一个无底洞，是永远也填不满的，你们人类贪婪、残忍，不停地伤害动物，难道你们就不害臊吗?”说完它转过身就走。我冲着病毒叫喊：“可人类也有善良的一面，在这个世界上好人一定比坏人多。”新型冠状病毒转过身来说：“人类的残忍是不可想象的，你们已经打破了生态平衡，直到现在还有人不知悔改!”我大声喊道：“你快走吧!人类已经知道错了，如果你再不走，人类总有一天会把你消灭的。”新型冠状病毒说：“我可以走，不过，如果人类再不知悔改，我的兄弟们还会再来的。”

One night, novel coronavirus boldly appeared before me. Chin lifted up and

smiled scornfully. "You only look at the results, but do not see the passage. Do

you know how I came? I was living on animal, but you humans killed them, ate

them, and someone else was eating live bats." So its not me that causes the

disease, its you humans. And I want to tell you that the most terrible thing in

the world is not the lion or the tiger, but you human beings. Your human mouth

is a bottomless hole, which is filled with discontent forever. You human beings

are greedy, cruel, and constantly hurting animals. Arent you ashamed? "After

saying it, turn around and walk away. I shouted at the virus, "but human beings

have a good side. There must be more good people than bad people in this world."

The novel coronavirus turned around and said, "the cruelty of human beings is

unthinkable. You have broken the ecological balance. Until now, there are still

no repentance!" I shouted, "go away!" the human race has already known that it

is wrong. If you do not go again, mankind will one day destroy you. The novel

coronavirus said, "I can go, but if the human beings do not know repentance, my

brothers will come again."

突然一阵铃声传来，我醒了，可新型冠状病毒说的话却还在我耳边回荡。我希望人类可以吸取此次的教训，善待地球，拒绝吃野生动物，也希望那些染上新型冠状病毒的人们快点好起来

Suddenly, novel coronavirus came back, but I still woke up in my ear.

Animal and novel coronavirus, I hope that people can learn from this lesson,

treat the earth well, refuse to eat wild animals, and hope that those who are

infected with new coronavirus will get better soon._ueditor_page_break_tag_

Last Qingming Festival,I return home to worship my grandfather.Qingming

Festival is a folk Festival.In the past,In the past, the Qingming Festival was

called "Arbor Day". But Today, Chinese visit their family graves to tend to any

underbrush that has grown. Weeds are pulled, and dirt swept away, and the family

will set out offerings of food and spirit money. Unlike the sacrifices at a

familys home altar, the offerings at the tomb usually consist of dry, bland

food. One theory is that since any number of ghosts rome around a grave area,

the less appealing food will be consumed by the ancestors, and not be plundered

by strangers.

With the passing of time, this celebration of life became a day to the

honor past ancestors. Following folk religion, the Chinese believed that the

spirits of deceased ancestors looked after the family. Sacrifices of food and

spirit money could keep them happy, and the family would prosper through good

harvests and more children.

There are many different beliefs about the origin of the Lantern Festival.

But one thing for sure is that it had something to do with celebrating and

cultivating positive relationship between people, families, nature and the

higher beings they believed were responsible for bringing/returning the light

each year.

One legend tells us that it was a time to worship Taiyi, the God of Heaven

in ancient times. The belief was that the God of Heaven controlled the destiny

of the human world. He had sixteen dragons at his beck and call and he decided

when to inflict drought, storms, famine or pestilence upon human beings.

Beginning with Qinshihuang, the first emperor to unite the country, all the

emperors ordered splendid ceremonies each year. The emperor would ask Taiyi to

bring favorable weather and good health to him and his people. Emperor Wudi of

the Han Dynasty directed special attention to this event. In 104 BC, he

proclaimed it as one of the most important celebrations and the ceremony would

last throughout the night. They clean it all up in the morning.

Another legend associates the Lantern Festival with Taoism. Tianguan is the

Taoist god responsible for good fortune. His birthday falls on the 15th day of

the first lunar month. It is said that Tianguan likes all types of

entertainment, so followers prepare various kinds of activities during which

they pray for good fortune.

Yet another common legend dealing with the origins of the Lantern Festival

speaks of a beautiful bird that flew down to earth from heaven, which was hunted

and killed by some villagers. This angered the Jade Emperor in Heaven because

the bird was his favorite one. Therefore, he planned a storm of fire to destroy

the village on the 15th lunar day. The Jade Emperors daughter heard of this

plan, and warned the villagers of her father’s plan to destroy their village.

The village was in turmoil because nobody knew how should they escape their

imminent destruction.

However, a wise man from another village suggested that every family should

hang red lanterns around their houses, set up bonfires on the streets, and

explode firecrackers on the 14th, 15th, and 16th lunar days. This would give the

village the appearance of being on fire to the Jade Emperor. On the 15th lunar

day, troops sent down from heaven whose mission was to destroy the village saw

that the village was already ablaze, and returned to heaven to report to the

Jade Emperor. Satisfied, the Jade Emperor decided not to burn down the village.

From that day on, people celebrate the anniversary on the 15th lunar day every

year by carrying red lanterns on the streets and exploding firecrackers and

fireworks.

There are many stories on how this festival was created. One other story is

about a maid. In the Han Dynasty, Mr. Eastern was a favorite advisor of the

emperor. One winter day, he went to the garden and heard a little girl crying

and getting ready to jump into a well to commit suicide. Mr. Eastern stopped her

and asked why. She said she was a maid in the emperors palace and her name was

Yuan-Xiao.

She never had the chance to meet her family after she started worked at the

palace. She missed them so much every 12th lunar month. If she couldnt have the

chance to show her filial piety in this life, she would rather die. Mr. Eastern

promised her to find a way so she could reunion with her family. Mr. Eastern

left the palace and set up a fortune-telling stall on the street and disguised

himself as a fortuneteller. Because of his reputation, many people asked for

their fortunes.

But every one got the same prediction - a severe fire accident on the 15th

lunar day. The rumor spread quickly. Everyone was worried about the future and

asked Mr. Eastern for help. Mr. Eastern said, "On the 13th lunar day, the God of

Fire will send a fairy lady in red to burn down the city. If you see a lady in

red wearing green pants riding a black horse on that day, you should ask for her

mercy." On that day, Yuan-Xiao pretended to be the red fairy lady. When people

asked for her help, she said, "Im the messenger of the God of Fire and came to

check on the city and Im going to set up fire on 15th. This is an order from

Jade Emperor. He will watch from the heavens.

I will give you a copy of the imperial decree from the God of Fire. You

should go to ask your emperor to find a way out." After she left, people went to

the palace to show the emperor the decree which reads "The capital city is in

trouble. Fire burns on the palace, and fire from Heaven burns all night long on

the 15th." The emperor of Han Dynasty was very shocked. He called and asked Mr.

Eastern for advice. After pondering for a while, Mr. Eastern said, "I heard that

the God of Fire likes to eat Tang-Yuan (Sweet dumpling). Does Yuan-Xiao often

cook Tang-Yuan for you? On the 15th lunar day, let Yuan-Xiao make Tang-Yuan.

Your Majesty will take charge of the worshipping ceremony and you will give

an order to every house to prepare Tang-Yuan to worship the God of Fire at the

same time. Also, deliver another order to ask every house in the city to hang

red lantern and explode fire crackers. Lastly, everyone in the palace and people

outside the city should carry their lanterns on the street to watch the lantern

decoration and fireworks. If everything goes this way, the Jade Emperor would be

deceived.

Then everyone can avoid the fire accident." The emperor happily followed

the plan. Lanterns were everywhere in the capital city on the night of the 15th

lunar day. People were walking on the street. Fire crackers kept making lots of

noise. It looked like the entire city was on fire. Yuan-Xiaos parents went into

the palace to watch the lantern decorations, and Yuan-Xiao made a big lantern

and wrote her name on the lantern. They happily reunited together after her

parents called her name. Everybody was safe during the night. The emperor of Han

Dynasty had a new order that people should do the same thing every year. Since

Yuan-Xiao cooked the best Tan-Yuan, people called the day Yuan-Xiao

Festival.

Young people were chaperoned in the streets in hopes of finding love.

Matchmakers acted busily in hopes of pairing couples. The brightest lanterns

were symbolic of good luck and hope. As time has passed, the festival no longer

has such implications.

Those who do not carry lanterns often enjoy watching informal lantern

parades. In addition to eating tangyuan (simplified Chinese: 汤圆; traditional

Chinese: 湯圓; pinyin: tāngyuán), another popular activity at this festival is

guessing lantern riddles (which became part of the festival during the Tang

Dynasty), which often contain messages of good fortune, family reunion, abundant

harvest, prosperity and love.

I have many hobbies, such as reading, writing, singing, drawing, watching

TV and doing exercise. I think hobbies can make my life colorful. And I can make

friends easier, because we have common interests and we have many things to talk

about. Besides, having some hobbies can bring knowledge to me. For example,

reading is a good way to get knowledge. I can not learn all from class, so

reading can bring me other knowledge. Singing and drawing are skills. They can

help me to improve myself.

When we are children, there are lots of people ask about our dreams, and

our answers most are doctors, policemen, teachers etc. But when we grow up, we

have to face the reality, not everyone would realize childhood dreams, and some

of these dreams even are unrealistic which will never be able to achieve.

Therefore, we need correctly treat the relationship between dream and

reality.

First of all, dream is the spiritual power to encourage people progress.

Napoleon once said: “He is a bad soldier who doesnt dream of becoming a

general”. In the process of growing up, we must want to give up our purpose when

encounter difficulties, and at the moment, dreams would be the power for us to

insist on.

Second, reality is a reflection of the real environment. Many people think

dream is heaven, and reality is hell, but in my opinion, reality is a

double-edged sword which makes us keep a sense of crisis. When young people

addicted to the unpractical dreams, reality would awaken them which would avoid

them make wrong judgment.

In my opinion, both dream and reality are important, young people cant

ignore one of them. The most critical thing in life is using positive attitude

to face the constantly changing society, and strive to cultivate interests,

which will be easier to succeed.

Today is Dragon Boat Festival. Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival in China. It is also the most solemn and characteristic festival in our local area.

Of course, on the day of Dragon Boat Festival, mothers wear five silk threads to their children, and five silk threads are full of their mothers yearning for their children, hoping that their children will live to the age of 100. My mother gave me the five thread long thread.

In the Dragon Boat Festival, people eat dumplings, in memory of Qu Yuan. More than two thousand years ago, in the early May, five, people stood on the Miluo River and threw food into the river so as not to let the fish and shrimp and other underwater animals eat Qu Yuans body.

After lunch today, my mother took me to the supermarket. My mother bought me a sachet as a gift for the Dragon Boat Festival.

I had a great time today!

Dear Maria,

Im very happy that you are interested in Chinese culture,especially the festivals.Now let me tell you something about the Dragon Boat Festival.The Dragon Boat Festival,also called the Duanwu Festival ,is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar.People always eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races to celebrate it.

The festival is best known for its dragon-boat races,especially in the southern places where there are many rivers and lakes. It’s very popular.

The rice dumpling is made of glutinous rice,meat and so on. You can eat different kinds of rice dumplings.They are very delicious.

And Dragon Boat Festival is for Qu Yuan. He is an honest minister who is said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.

Overall, the Dragon Boat Festival is very interesting!

Your friend

Li Hua

Ive been to a lot of beautiful places, but in my mind, the most important

thing in my mind is the Forbidden City.

The Forbidden City is a place where the ancient emperor of China can live.

The imperial palace has: temple of heaven, echo wall, emperors study and so on

many beautiful places. There are colorful flowers in the temple of heaven, very

beautiful. The flowers and grasses and the famous flowers and plants are all

numerous and numerous, very beautiful, far from looking like a colorful flower

in the open. Like a fairyland on earth. The temple of heaven is not a famous

artist.

The echo wall is a miracle of acoustics, which is a masterpiece of ancient

craftsman. The wall tiles of the echo wall are not as strong as others. It is

specially made in shandong linqing place. The slurry brick is exquisite, and the

sound of the metal sound, commonly known as the gold brick. If you shout in the

echo wall, the echo will be strong.

Its better to see if you have the chance, and believe that it will make

you feel better.

Serious Floods

The Yangzte River is the longest river in China. And its important and helpful to us Chinese. But these days the Yangtze River is bringing us serious floods.

Many villages were destroyed by floods. The floods made hundreds of millions of people lose their homes, relatives and friends. Many children cant go to school as usual .Now the foods have drawn the attention of the whole world. People from abroad have offered their help too. In China, millions of soldiers are busy fighting against the floods. They are working very hard. Many of them have lost their lives in their attempt to save the villagers.

Though we cant help them to fight against floods, we should help them to rebuild their homeland. We can present them our pocketmoney and clothes. I believe most of the people will return to their homeland in the near future.

严重的水灾

长江是中国最长的河流。它对我们中国人十分重要。但现在长江给我们带来了严重的水灾。

许多村庄被洪水冲毁于。洪水使成千上万的人失去了家园，亲戚和朋友。许多孩子不能与平常——样去学校了。现在洪水引起了全球的注意。国外的人也给予了援助。在中国，上百万的战士忙于与洪水搏斗。他们努力工作，许多人在救村民时献出了自己的生命。

尽管我们不能帮助他们抗洪，但我们可以帮他们重建家园。我们可以捐出零花钱和衣服。我相信在不久的将来大多数人会回到家乡。

I have busy weekend.In Satday morning,I’m read books and do myhowewoke.In aftenoon,I’m lean my room.In evening,I’m watch TV and movies.In Sunday morning,I’m play basketbaal with my good fiend .

We are very happy.In aftenoon,I’m go to marketpiace buy some food.In evening,I’m go to concert.

This weekend,I’m very tird ,but I’m enjoy onerselees

Our Librar is a busy place.It is open every day from8:00--12:00 in the

morning and from 1:30--5:30 in the after-noon,except on Sundays.

The library contains a large variety of books. in it you will find both

literary and scientific and technical books in Chinese and in foreign

languages.In this building too,are reading-rooms with newspapers and

magazines.Perhaps English books account for over a half of those in foreign

lanuages.

We often go there to look for books which we want to borrow or to read

articles which we like to consult.Our library provides all useful reading matter

and reference materials according to our needs.Although we do not subscribe to

any magazines or newspapers,we are well informed about the recent developments

and new trends in the world as well as in our country.The library plays an

important role in our college life.

There is a saying that “You can either travel or read,but either your body

or soul must be on the way.” With the improvement of living standards, more and

more people have time and money to travel. Duringtraveling, one can meet

various people, make new friends and experience various lifestyles of different

places.

Almost everyone has their own favorite place to travel because of specific

reasons, such as the people, climate or scenery of that place, the influence of

friends or some beautiful memories and so on.

Nowadays, people do not have to think much about transportation. People can

travel by car or driving themsleves to near places, or by train, plane to far

places.So, if you have a place want to travel, just go and relax yourself.

Cellular phones have had a major impact on our lives and the way that we

perform every day tasks. Many of these changes are apparent, while others we may

not even be aware of.

Cell phones have brought a whole new meaning to the term multitasking.

Twenty years ago, it was not possible to talk to the office while you were at

the grocery store picking up some necessary items. You could never have had a

three-way business conference while you were fixing dinner or been able to deal

with a business client from home while caring for a sick child. Cell phones have

enabled us to do various tasks all at the same time.

Cell phones have also enabled families to keep in closer touch with each

other. Children can contact you if they have missed their ride form soccer

practice and your spouse can call while he is stuck in traffic to let you know

that he is going to be late for supper. Teenagers are able to call to ask

permission to go somewhere, and with GPS features that are now available on some

cell phones, you are able to check to make sure that they are where they are

suppose to be.

Many of these advantages we do not even notice. Have you ever arrived at

the grocery store and realized that you have forgotten your grocery list? The

first thing you would probably do is to call home and have one of your children

read the list off to you. In the same situation in past years, you may have

forgotten things or have had to drive all the way back home to get it. If your

car breaks down, you automatically call for help instead of having to walk to

find a pay phone. Cell phones have certainly made our lives much more

convenient.

Cell phones have also changed the way that people interact with each other.

When we call someone, we are actually calling the person and not a place. This

enables us to be more spontaneous when making plans as you rarely get a busy

signal and unlike a land line telephone, someone is always home. Cell phones

also enable us to call if we are going to be late for an appointment, although

this has led to cell phone users running late more often than those who do not

have cell phones. These users seem to have adopted the attitude that appointment

times are not concrete and use their cell phones to renegotiate their arrival

time.

One of the greatest disadvantages of the cellular phone is the fact that we

do not talk to strangers when traveling anymore. In the past, several people

waiting for a bus would engage in a conversation while they were waiting. People

who traveled the same routes every day might develop friendships along the way.

This situation does not happen anymore. Today when people are waiting for a bus,

they just pull out their cell phones and speak with old friends, missing out on

the opportunity to make new ones. In large cities, many people do not know their

neighbors, even though they may have lived in the same neighborhood for years.

As a society, we are beginning to lose the face-to-face contact that was such an

important part of our lives in the past.

Cell phones are a great asset in aiding in our every day lives. You should

remember, however, to hang up every once in a while and pay attention to the

world around you.