阅读名著的重要性的英语作文四级【热门20篇】

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Goal Setting Is Important by commenting on John Ruskins famous remark, Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

【范文】Goal Setting Is Important

Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. This philosophical wisdom by John Ruskin, one of the greatest British writers, tells us that goal setting is extremely important in life.

Why is goal setting so important? The main importance of goal setting is that it provides us with direction and purpose. When we have goals, we know what we want to achieve so that we can focus our mindson a single worthwhile target and avoid getting distracted easily. Personal goal setting also provides us with motivation to achieve what we want to achieve.

Goal setting is of especial significance for todays students. A study reveals that when students set goals, they learn the importance of taking responsibility, of minimizing excuses and of helping others. Goal setting is a lifelong skill that first helps students succeed in school and then later in life.

[目标设定的重要性四级英语作文练习

People have to spend so many years to go to school before they can be independent and earn money. We are told that reading books is good for us, but the fact is that we may find many bosses go to work in the early age and they don’t read many books. In fact, reading books doesn’t mean the person can make a lot of money, but reading books can broaden a person vision.

Books provide us all kinds of knowledge, we can see the different sceneries, reading the books is like traveling to different places. What’s more, we can considerate things in different viewpoints. When we face difficulties, we will treat them in the peaceful way, we won’t lose our way, because we believe things will change one day, we have hope in our hearts. Reading books makes us have a good attitude towards life.

专项复习文学常识与名著阅读；

一、文学常识；

1．《童年的朋友》节选自《》，体裁小说，作者，是；

2．《一面》作者，原名，江苏涟水县人；

3．《我的老师》作者，原名，现代作家，他的主要作；

4．赵普是(朝代)政治家，关于他，有“”的说法，；

5．《从百草园到三味书屋》的作者鲁迅，原名，我国；

6．《月迹》作者，当代作家，他的著名长篇小说《》；

7．《我们家的男子汉》作

专项复习 文学常识与名著阅读

一、文学常识

1．《童年的朋友》节选自《 》，体裁小说，作者 ，是 (国籍)作家，他的代表作是自传体三部曲《 》《 》《 》。

2．《一面》作者 ，原名 ，江苏涟水县人。文中提到的苏联作家 写的《毁灭》是一部长篇小说。

3．《我的老师》作者 ，原名 ，现代作家，他的主要作品有散文集《 》 ，和长篇小说《 》。

4．赵普是 (朝代)政治家，关于他，有“ ”的说法，文中“太祖”指 。

5．《从百草园到三味书屋》的作者鲁迅，原名 ，我国伟大的 家、 家、 家，本文选自他的散文集《 》。鲁迅在《自题小像》诗中说“ ， ”是他生活的真实写照。

6．《月迹》作者 ，当代作家，他的著名长篇小说《 》是一部世情小说，描写了当代知识分子的生活和心理状态。

7．《我们家的男子汉》作者 ，当代著名女作家，她的小说《 》获茅盾文学奖。

8．《列子》的作者是 ，是 时期郑国人。

9．《核舟记》选自 代 编辑的《 》。文章的作者是 ，明末人。

10．《为梦想，相约在北京》主要讲的是第 的相关内容。

11．《为学》选自《 》，原题是《为学一首示子侄》。作者 ，字乐斋， 代

文学家。

12．毛泽东《沁园春 雪》中写道“唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚”，其中“宋祖”指 (人名)，“风骚”原为《 》中的《国风》和《楚辞》中的《 》，这里指 。

13．《〈礼记〉一则》选自《 》。《礼记》，是 间(时代) 家礼学论著选集。

二、名著阅读

《西游》

14．《西游记》共一百回，可以分为两大部分：第一回至第十二回是全书的引子，其中前七回讲 和 等故事；第八回至第十二回则介绍唐僧，交代取经的缘由。第十三回至第一百回是故事的主体，主要写 。

15．孙悟空的兵器原是大禹治水的 ，又唤 。他大闹天宫后被如来佛祖压在五行山下。后皈依佛门，为保唐僧西天取经立下了汗马功劳，一路降妖除魔，如三打 ，真假 ，三借 等。后被西天佛祖封为 。

16．名著阅读。

那八戒食肠大，口又大，一则是听见童子吃时，便觉馋虫拱动，却才见了果子，拿过来，张开口，毂辘的囫囵吞咽下肚，却白着眼胡赖，向行者、沙僧道：“你两个吃的是甚么？”沙僧道：“______________。”八戒道：“甚么味道？”行者道：“悟净，不要睬他！你倒先吃了，又来问谁？”八戒道：“哥哥，吃的忙了些，不像你们细嚼细咽，尝出些滋味。我也不知道有核无核，就吞下去了。哥啊，为人为彻；已经调动我这馋虫，再去弄个儿来，老猪细细的吃吃。”

(1)以上文段节选自古典名著《西游记》，文中沙僧回答应是：(人参果)。事情是在师徒四人西

天取经途经(五庄观)时发生的，后来事情败露，两个童子不依不饶，悟空一怒之下把树推倒。(镇元大仙)知道此事后把唐僧一行人抓了起来，逼他医好果树，悟空求救各路神仙都不能解救，最后千方百计把(观音菩萨)请到那里，用玉瓶里的水把树救活。

(2)下面与猪八戒有关的选项是( )

A．高老庄 B．五行山 C．戏嫦娥 D．闹天宫

E．金身罗汉 F．净坛使者 G．贪吃懒做 H．慈悲坚韧

17．名著阅读。 你看那些道童害怕，丢了皮鞭，报道：“师父啊，为徒打的是大唐和尚，这一会打的都是柳树之根！”大仙闻言，呵呵冷笑，夸不尽道：“孙行者，真是一个好猴王！曾闻他大闹天宫，布地网天罗，拿他不住，果有此理。你走了便也罢，却怎么绑些柳树在此，冒名顶替？决莫饶他，赶去来！”那大仙说声赶，纵起云头，往西一望，只见那和尚挑包策马，正然走路。

(1)《西游记》中的孙悟空善变。选文中他成功将四棵柳树变成了师徒四人冒名顶替，而在小说第六回将自己变成土地庙时，却遇上了“尾巴不好收拾”的麻烦，他是怎样处理的？

(2)大仙道：“??曾闻他大闹天宫，??”请概括孙悟空大闹天宫故事中的典型情节(至少写出两个)，并指出大闹天宫的故事反映了他的什么性格。

专项复习(四) 文学常识与名著阅读

一、文学常识

1．《童年的朋友》节选自《童年》，体裁小说，作者高尔基，是苏联(国籍)作家，他的代表作是自传体三部曲《童年》《在人间》《我的大学》。

2．《一面》作者阿累，原名朱一苇，江苏涟水县人。文中提到的苏联作家法捷耶夫写的《毁灭》是一部长篇小说。

3．《我的老师》作者魏巍，原名魏鸿杰，现代作家，他的主要作品有散文集《谁是最可爱的人》，和长篇小说《东方》。

4．赵普是北宋(朝代)政治家，关于他，有“半部《论语》治天下”的说法，文中“太祖”指赵匡胤。

5．《从百草园到三味书屋》的作者鲁迅，原名周树人，我国伟大的文学家、思想家、革命家，本文选自他的散文集《朝花夕拾》。鲁迅在《自题小像》诗中说“横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘为孺子牛”是他生活的真实写照。

6．《月迹》作者贾平凹，当代作家，他的著名长篇小说《废都》是一部世情小说，描写了当代知识分子的生活和心理状态。

7．《我们家的男子汉》作者王安忆，当代著名女作家，她的小说《长恨歌》获茅盾文学奖。

8．《列子》的作者是列御寇，是战国时期郑国人。

9．《核舟记》选自清代张潮编辑的《虞初新志》。文章的作者是魏学ィ明末人。

10．《为梦想，相约在北京》主要讲的是第二十九届北京奥林匹克运动会开幕式的相关内容。

11．《为学》选自《白鹤堂文录》，原题是《为学一首示子侄》。作者彭端淑，字乐斋，清代文学家。

12．毛泽东《沁园春 雪》中写道“唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚”，其中“宋祖”指赵匡胤(人名)，“风骚”原为《诗经》中的《国风》和《楚辞》中的《离骚》，这里指文学才华。

13．《〈礼记〉一则》选自《礼记学记》。《礼记》，是战国秦汉间(时代) 儒家礼学论著选集。

二、名著阅读

《西游》

14．《西游记》共一百回，可以分为两大部分：第一回至第十二回是全书的引子，其中前七回讲孙悟空的出身和大闹天宫等故事；第八回至第十二回则介绍唐僧，交代取经的缘由。第十三回至第一百回是故事的主体，主要写唐僧师徒去西天取经，经历九九八十一难，战胜妖魔鬼怪，取得真经，修成正果。

15．孙悟空的兵器原是大禹治水的定海神针，又唤如意金箍棒。他大闹天宫后被如来佛祖压在五行山下。后皈依佛门，为保唐僧西天取经立下了汗马功劳，一路降妖除魔，如三打白骨精，真假美猴王，三借芭蕉扇等。后被西天佛祖封为斗战圣佛。

16．名著阅读。

那八戒食肠大，口又大，一则是听见童子吃时，便觉馋虫拱动，却才见了果子，拿过来，张开口，毂辘的囫囵吞咽下肚，却白着眼胡赖，向行者、沙僧道：“你两个吃的是甚么？”沙僧道：“______________。”八戒道：“甚么味道？”行者道：“悟净，不要睬他！你倒先吃了，又来问谁？”八戒道：“哥哥，吃的忙了些，不像你们细嚼细咽，尝出些滋味。我也不知道有核无核，就吞下去了。哥啊，为人为彻；已经调动我这馋虫，再去弄个儿来，老猪细细的吃吃。”

(1)以上文段节选自古典名著《西游记》，文中沙僧回答应是：(人参果)。事情是在师徒四人西天取经途经(五庄观)时发生的，后来事情败露，两个童子不依不饶，悟空一怒之下把树推倒。(镇元大仙)知道此事后把唐僧一行人抓了起来，逼他医好果树，悟空求救各路神仙都不能解救，最后千方百计把(观音菩萨)请到那里，用玉瓶里的水把树救活。

(2)下面与猪八戒有关的选项是(ACFG)

A．高老庄 B．五行山 C．戏嫦娥 D．闹天宫

E．金身罗汉 F．净坛使者 G．贪吃懒做 H．慈悲坚韧

17．名著阅读。 你看那些道童害怕，丢了皮鞭，报道：“师父啊，为徒打的是大唐和尚，这一会打的都是柳树之根！”大仙闻言，呵呵冷笑，夸不尽道：“孙行者，真是一个好猴王！曾闻他大闹天宫，布地网天罗，拿他不住，果有此理。你走了便也罢，却怎么绑些柳树在此，冒名顶替？决莫饶他，赶去来！”那大仙说声赶，纵起云头，往西一望，只见那和尚挑包策马，正然走路。

(1)《西游记》中的孙悟空善变。选文中他成功将四棵柳树变成了师徒四人冒名顶替，而在小说第六回将自己变成土地庙时，却遇上了“尾巴不好收拾”的麻烦，他是怎样处理的？ 将尾巴变作一根旗杆，竖在土地庙后面。

(2)大仙道：“??曾闻他大闹天宫，??”请概括孙悟空大闹天宫故事中的典型情节(至少写出两个)，并指出大闹天宫的故事反映了他的什么性格。

情节示例：①得知“弼马温”就是个养马的官位，打出天门去了；②偷吃蟠桃；③定住七仙女；④哄骗赤脚大仙；⑤偷吃仙宫玉液琼浆；⑥吃光太上老君金丹；⑦炼成火眼金睛，蹬倒八卦炉；⑧摔倒太上老君；⑨偷走仙酒和八珍百味；⑩勇斗神兵天将等。 性格示例：疾恶如仇，叛逆反抗，桀骜不驯，敢作敢当，勇敢无畏。

[精选 文学常识与名著阅读

Many people like to read books, I also like reading, the book brings us a lot of fun, also let us understand a lot of truth. Gorky once said that books are the steps of human progress, book is also the source of my courage. Book is the sea, and I am a fish, swim freely in the sea; Book is the sky, and Im a bird, fly in the sky happily.

Since I was young, I like reading, I cant read, can only see some picture books, and often let mother read it to me. In elementary school, I often is not holding a fairy tale book, is carrying a copy of a document. Over time, I like reading books, no matter what, I will watch carefully. So, I know sleep, a lot of knowledge from the book, also understand a lot of sense, from the book, we also accumulated a lot of good words. My composition level increase a lot. Im more like to read books, to see whether the book for a while before sleep every night.

From these things, I know reading is indispensable to everyone. I dont know how to express my love of reading. As long as a free, I drilled into the fairy tale world. And the Snow White and the seven dwarfs together; Cinderella and sometimes together; And sometimes, and Peter pan roam freely in the sky; And when dumbo waiting and looking forward to its mother, sometimes...

When free, I would walk into the composition and the house, to see their life and fun, think about how to enrich the life, the rich world. In a word, reading group bring you lots of fun, will enrich your life, your world. I like to read books, because I have given up a lot of knowledge and truth, I want to say to everyone loudly: "I love reading, the book has its own gold room."

许多人都喜欢读书，我也一样喜欢读书，书带给了我们人类许多乐趣，也让我们懂得了许多道理。高尔基说过，书是人类进步的台阶，书也是我勇气的源泉。书就是大海，而我是小鱼，在大海中自由自在地遨游;书就是天空，而我是小鸟，在天空中愉快地飞翔。

我从小就喜欢读书，那时候我不识字，只能看一些有图画的书，也常常让妈妈读给我听。上小学以后，我时常不是抱着一本童话故事书，就是拿着一本作文书。久而久之，我喜欢上了读书，不管是什么书，我都会认真地看。就这样，我从书中知睡道了许多知识，也从书中明白了许多道理，也积累了不少好词、好句。我的作文水平一下子提高了好多。我也更加喜欢读书了，每天晚上觉前都要看一会书。

从这些事情中，我知道了读书是每个人不可缺少的。我不知道该如何表达我对读书的热爱。只要一有空，我就钻到童话世界里去了。和白雪公主、七个小矮人在一起;有时又和灰姑娘在一起;又有的时候和小飞侠在天空中自由自在地遨游;还有时和小飞象在等待和盼望着它的妈妈，有时……

有空时，我又会走进作文屋里，去看一看他们的生活和趣事，想一想如何丰富生活、丰富世界。总之，读书会给你带来许多乐趣，会丰富你的生活，丰富你的世界。我喜欢读书，因为我从学到了很多的知识和道理，我想对每个人大声说：“我爱读书，书中自有黄金屋。”

I at ordinary times is a person in a reading, mom and dad let me reading Im worried, but I read a book, Mr Ba jins "home", I was in love with reading.

The math book, to expand my thinking ability, make I can say will be "little smart"; Chinese book, let me more love, the good word we to improve my ability of reading by; English book, you can make me communicate with foreigners fluently, without language barriers; History books, is I and zu chongzhi, account, Copernicus, napoleon... To the intimate contact again and again; Naturally, I became good friends and nature; Moral character and society, that I know of a person, and have the public spirit; Science books, that I again and again to get a little experiment and a truth; A document that I learned good word, we enjoy the happy, so as to improve the writing ability.

The romance of The Three Kingdoms in sentient beings to guan yu, zhang fei of crude and refined, ingenuity, cao cao and so on, they deduced a legendary story after another.

"Journey to the west" has seventy-two sun wukong, simple and honest funny pig eight quit, seemingly brutish but not much sand monk, they suffered wringer on the way to obtain buddhist scriptures.

Now there are more and more books I read, the knowledge is becoming more and more rich, I was more and more like to read books!

我平时是一个不爱读书的一个人，爸爸妈妈让我读书我就发愁，但我读了一本书——巴金先生的《家》，是我爱上了读书。

数学书，使我拓展思维能力，使我变成能说会算的“小灵通”;语文书，让我更喜欢了，里面的好词好句使我的阅读能力提高;英语书，可以使我流利的和外国人交流，无语言障碍;历史书，是我和祖冲之、李世民、哥白尼、拿破仑……来了一次又一次的亲密接触;自然书，使我和大自然成了好朋友;品德与社会，使我知道做人的道理，还有要有公德心;科学书，使我在一次又一次的小实验中得到一个又一个道理;作文书，使我学到好词好句，欣赏到范文，从而提高了写作能力。

《三国演义》中有有情有意的关羽，粗中有细的张飞，聪明机灵的曹操等等，他们演绎了一个又一个传奇故事。

《西游记》有七十二变的孙悟空，憨厚搞笑的猪八戒，看似凶恶但又不厉害的沙僧，他们在西天取经的路上遭受了九九八十一难。

现在我读的书越来越多，知识也越来越丰富，我真是越来越喜欢读书了!

一、人的称谓

谦称:古人称自己一方的亲属朋友时，常用“家”、“舍”等谦词。“家”是对别人称自己的辈份高或年纪大的亲属时用的谦词，如家父、家母、家兄等。“舍”用以谦称自己的家或自己的单幼亲属，前者如塞舍、敝舍，后者如舍弟、舍妹、舍侄等。

敬称:表示尊敬客气的态度，叫做“尊称”。(1)对将军的敬称是麾下。(2)对于对方或对方亲属的敬称有令、尊、等。令，意思是美好，用于称呼对方的亲属，如令尊(对方父亲)、令堂(对方母亲)、令兄(对方的哥哥)、令郎(对方的儿子)、令爱(对方的女儿)。尊，用来称与对方有关的人或物，如尊上(称对方父母)、尊公、尊君、尊府(皆称对方父亲)、尊堂(对方母亲)、尊亲(对方亲戚)、尊驾(称对方)、尊命(对方的嘱咐)、尊意(对方的意思)，(3)称谓前面加“先”，表示已死，用于敬称地位高的人或年长的人，如称已死的皇帝为先帝，称已经死去的父亲为先考或先父，称已经死去的母亲为先慈或先妣，称已死去的有才德的人为先贤。(4)对品格高尚、智慧超群的人用“圣”来表敬称，如称孔子为圣人，称孟子为亚圣。后来，“圣”通多用于帝王，如圣上，圣驾等。

特殊称谓主要有以下三种:

(1)百姓的称谓。常见的有布衣、黔首、黎民、生民、庶民、苍生、黎元、氓等。

(2)不同的朋友关系之间的称谓。贫贱而地位低下时结交的朋友叫“贫贱之交”;情谊契合、亲如兄弟的朋友叫“金兰之交”;同生死、共患难的朋友叫“刎颈之交”;在遇到磨难时结成的朋友叫“患难之交”;情投意合、友谊深厚的朋友叫“莫逆之交”;从小一块儿长大的异性好朋友叫“竹马之交”;辈份不同、年龄相差较大的朋友叫“忘年交”;不拘于身份、形迹的朋友叫“忘形交”;不因贵贱的变化而改变深厚友情的朋友叫“车笠交”;在道义上彼此支持的朋友叫“君子交”;心意相投、相知很深的朋友叫“神交”(“神交”也指彼此慕名而未见过面的朋友。)

(3)年龄的称谓。垂髫(tiáo)是三四岁至八九岁的儿童(髫，古代儿童头上下垂的短发)。总角是八九岁至十三四岁的少年报古代儿童将头发分作左右两半，，在头顶各扎成一个结，形如两个羊角，故称“总角”)。豆蔻是十三四岁至十五六岁(豆蔻是一种初夏开花的植物，初夏还不是盛夏，比喻人还未成年，故称未成年的少年时代为“豆寇年华”)。束发是男子十五岁(到了十五岁，男子把原先的总角解散，扎成一束。)弱冠是男子二十岁(古代男子二十岁行冠礼，表示已经成人，因为还没达到壮年，故称“弱冠”。)而立是男子三十岁(立，“立身、立志”之意)。不惑是男子四十岁(不惑，“不迷惑、不糊涂”之意)。知命是男子五十岁(知命，“知天命”之意)。花甲是六十岁。古稀是七十岁。耄(mào)耋 (dié)指八九十岁。期颐是一百岁。

二、天文历法

星宿:宿(xiù)，古代把星座称作星宿。《范进中举》:“如今却做了老爷，就是天上的星宿。”“天上的星宿是打不得的。”古人认为人间有功名的人是天上星宿降生的，这是迷信说法。

月亮的别称:

因初月如钩，故称银钩、玉钩。

因满月如轮如盘如镜，故称银盘、玉盘。

因传说月中有兔和蟾蜍，故称银兔、玉兔、蟾宫。

因传说中月中有桂树，故称桂月、、桂宫。

因传说中月中有广寒、清虚两座宫殿，故称广寒、清虚。

因传说嫦娥住在月中，故称月亮为嫦娥。

因人们常把美女比作月亮，故称月亮为婵娟。

银河:又名银汉、天河。曹操《观沧海》:“星汉灿烂，若出其里。”秦观《鹊桥仙》词:“纤云弄巧，飞星传恨，银汉迢迢 暗度。”

文曲星:星宿名之一。旧时迷信说法，文曲星是主管文运的星宿，文章写得好而被朝迁录用为大官的人是文曲星下凡。如吴敬梓《范进中举》:“这些中老爷的都是天上的文曲星。”

二十四节气:

正月 立春、雨水 二月 惊蛰、春分

三月 清明、谷雨 四月 立夏、小满

五月 芒种、夏至 六月 小暑、大暑

七月 立秋、处暑 八月 白露、秋分

九月 寒露、霜降 十月 立冬、小雪

十一月 大雪、冬至 十二月 小寒、大寒

为了便于记忆，人们编出的歌谣:“春雨惊雪清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连，秋处露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。”古诗文中常用二十四节气来纪日，如《扬州慢》:“淳熙丙申至日，这里指冬至。”

三、古代地理

中国:现为中华人民共和国简称。但在古代文献中它多用来泛指中原地区。

九州:传说中的我国上古时期划分的九个行政区域，州名今别为:冀、兖、青、徐、扬、荆、豫、粱、雍。后成为中国的别称。陆游诗云:“死去元知万事空，但悲不见九州同。”

中原:狭义的中原指今河南省一带，广义的中原指黄河中下游地区或整个黄河流域。如《出师表》:“当奖率三军，北定中原。”陆游《示儿》诗:“王师北定中原日，家祭无忘告乃翁。”指整个黄河流域。

海内:古代传说我国疆土四面环海，故称国境之内为海内。王勃《杜少府之任蜀州》:“海内存知己，天涯若比邻邦。”

江河:古代许多文章中专指长江、黄河。此处“江”即指长江，“河”则指运河。

江南:长江以南的总称，所指区域因时而异。白居易词云:“江南好，风景旧曾谙。”王安石诗曰:“春风又绿江南岸，明月何时照我还。”

山水阴阳:古代以山南、水北为阳，以山北、水南为阴。《愚公移山》:“指通豫南，达于汉阴。”“汉阴”指汉水南面。

古地名别称:如南京又称建康、金陵、江宁、白下。又如扬州称广陵、维扬，李白《送孟浩然之广陵》:“烟花三月下扬州”。再如杭州称临安、武林，苏州称姑苏，成都称锦官城。《枫桥夜泊》:“姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船。”《春夜喜雨》:“晓看红湿处，花重锦官城。”

四、科举制度

分:乡试、会试、殿试。殿试:是科举制最高级别的考试，皇帝在殿廷上，对会试录取的贡士亲自策问，以定甲第。录取分为三甲:一甲三名，则“进士及第”的称号，第一名称状元(鼎元)，第二名称榜眼，第三名称探花;二甲若千名，赐“进士出身”的称号;三甲若干名，赐“同进士出身”的称号。二、三甲第一名皆称传胪，一、二、三甲统称进士。

连中三元:科举考试以名列第一者为元，凡在乡、会、殿三试中连续获得第一名，被称为“连中三元”。

五、风俗礼仪

春节:我国传统习俗中最隆的节日。此节乃一节之首。古人又称元日、新春、新正等，而今人称春节，是在采用公历经元后。燃鞭炮、贴春联、挂年画、耍龙灯、舞狮子、拜年贺喜等习俗至今仍广为流行。

元宵:我国民间传统节日。又称正月半、上元节、灯节。元宵习俗有赏花灯、包饺子、闹年鼓、猜灯谜等。

清明:我国民间传统节日。其习俗有扫墓、踏青、荡秋千、放风筝、插柳戴花等。

端午:我国民间传统节日。又称端阳、重午、重五。一般认为，该节与纪念屈原有关。屈原忠而被黜，投水自尽，于是人们以吃粽子、赛龙舟等来悼念他。端午习俗有喝雄黄酒、挂香袋、吃粽子、插花和菖蒲、斗百草、驱“五毒”等。

中秋:我国民间传统节日。又称团圆节。

除夕:我国民间传统合力。农历十二月三十日晚。

牺牲:古代祭祀用的牲畜，《左传·曹刿论战》中有这样的话:“牺牲玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。”

秦晋之好:春秋时，秦、晋两国国君几代都互相通婚，后称两姓联姻为“秦晋之好”。

举案齐眉:古代妻子为丈夫捧膳食时要举案于眉，表示相敬。

六、音乐文娱

文房四宝:旧时对笔、墨、纸、砚四种文具的总称。

岁寒三友:指古诗文中经常提到的松竹、梅。

花中四君子:古诗文中常提到的梅、竹、兰、菊。

七、文史典籍

四书:《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》的合称。

五经:《诗》《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》五部儒家经典的简称。

史记:我国第一部纪传体通史。原名《太史公书》，东汉以后始称《史记》，西汉司马迁撰。全书一百三十篇，计十二本纪、十表、八书、三十世家、七十列传，记载自黄帝至汉武帝时期共约三千年的历史。

在茫茫人生中，人们做过很多事，也肯定读过不少书。我就读过一些，我觉得最具有影响力，印象最深刻的是名著。阅读名著，就像品味一瓶珍藏的美酒，要细细地品，才能知晓作者的用意。

“尘海苍茫沈百感”

“鲁迅的文章，是需要细读的。”这是很多书中说过的，鲁迅先生的文章也确实需要细读。《朝花夕拾》是鲁迅的回忆性散文集，是鲁迅从生活回忆中选取的若干有意义的片段。给我印象最深的是长妈妈，她一脚踏死隐鼠的事让我记忆犹新。长妈妈给“我”买《山海经》的事，表现出她的细心与爱心。《朝花夕拾》中，讽刺的文字不少，而且有些地方，讽刺的更加隐秘，要细细品味，才能领悟。

永远的洋车夫

老舍，中国现代文学史上的著名作家，他的《骆驼祥子》写的是老北京洋车夫祥子的故事。我记得最清楚的一段是祥子买第一辆车的时候，他卖了三年的苦力，终于买到了一辆属于自己的车，高兴地不得了。通读全文，我领会到了老舍给我们的启示，你是否也能读出来呢？

他们胜了世界

罗曼·罗兰的《名人传》充满了艺术，带给大家启迪。《贝多芬传》让我们知道了贝多芬不为人知的一面，《米开朗琪罗传》让我们懂得了梦境比阴暗的现实幸福无比，《托尔斯泰传》让我们明白了托尔斯泰认定的事实：生命就是痛苦，但我们要战胜痛苦，取得成功。

阅读名著，就像是欣赏一首美妙的歌曲，要认真地听，才能明白其中的道理。

[阅读名著高中作文

第一次读《老人与海》，我并不喜欢这个故事。当时我还是个孩子，那不是我想看的故事。孩子喜欢闪闪发光的英雄，他们带着荣耀和战果来到故事的尾声。《老人与海》的结尾却什么都没有，老人静静的睡在家中，甚至让人觉得那不过是一场梦。

欣赏文学作品存在门槛：我把《老人与海》当作故事来读的时候，它于我而言是个糟糕的故事;等我过了那道门槛，把《老人与海》当作隐喻来读的时候，我能清晰地觉察到海明威想要说什么。在阅读中，最困难的事情是在隐喻和本体之间建立起直接联系。这个联系，就是“开门”的钥匙。

人们谈到希腊神话英雄阿喀琉斯之死时说：只能怪阿喀琉斯的脚后跟没有浸到神水，不然别人根本无法杀死他。

这句话让我一下子想起了初读《老人与海》的自己。那时候，我想说的话估计也类似：只能怪老头没有弄一条大船，只能怪老头不懂炸鱼的技巧，只能怪老头……就像做科学实验那样，对一个故事进行技术细节和可操作方案的分析，对于故事的真正寓意却毫无知觉。

阿喀琉斯作为无敌的英雄，需要一个致命弱点。这不是他母亲给他洗澡的方式需要改进的问题，而是必然如此。正如北欧神话里，英雄齐格鲁德用龙血沐浴，一定会有一片树叶落在他的肩膀上，让那里成为他的致命弱点——这和沐浴方式没关系。

一个人无论多么孔武有力、英雄盖世，他总有致命弱点——这才是这些故事真正想要表达的东西。重点不在于为什么不去弥补和遮盖弱点，而是生而为人就一定有弱点，有弱点就一定会遭受攻击。

所谓阅读理解能力就是这么一回事。看故事的“看”流于表面，读书的“读”则深入文本之中，挖掘出故事背后的寓意。欣赏文学作品的门槛，就在于一个人需要从“看”进化为“读”。

《老人与海》里，真正的主角并不是老人，而是让他衰老，让他疲惫，让他贫困，让他等待84天却一无所获，让他看到从未见过的巨大马林鱼也看到了希望，让他遭受鲨鱼围攻一夜之间失去所有，让他的大鱼变成嶙峋白骨的，命运。

Reading can broaden the knowledge.

When you use knowledge, you will find you to less; God read volumes, such as writing; Knowledge is power. Books are the ladder of human progress. The book has its own gold room... Through the ages, many celebrities gave us a lot about reading the quote.

I have many hobbies, such as: sports, tennis, table tennis, etc. However, my favorite is reading. This year, I just read the sixth grade, but I have seen a lot of books. Such as "journey to the west", the romance of The Three Kingdoms ", "water margin", "how the steel was tempered, gave me a lot of enlightenment.

I didnt read a lot of things all dont understand, what things can eat, what cannot eat, what should do, what should not do. Since reading the book, know a lot of things. For example: when I was a kid, I dont like to tube my mother, mother told me to do things, I am more enthusiastic, and mother. Now, my mother called me to do things, I also went to dry.

From then on, I will put to read on my schedule of learning, I find time to read every day, I also invented a word: read a good book, good books to read, read good books!

I must have a good reading, to the next level!

阅读可以拓宽知识面。

书到用时方恨少;阅读破万卷，下笔如有神;知识就是力量;书是人类进步的阶梯;书中自有黄金屋……古往今来，许多名人给我们留下了许多有关阅读的名句。

我有很多爱好，比如说：体育、网球、乒乓球等。不过，我最喜欢的还是阅读。今年，我才读六年级，可我已看了很多书。比如《西游记》、三国演义》、《水浒传》、《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，给了我许多启迪。

我没有阅读的时候，很多事情都不懂，什么东西可以吃，什么东西不能吃，什么事应该干，什么事不应该干。自从读了书后，懂得了很多事。比如：小时候，我很不喜欢妈妈来管我，妈妈叫我干事情，我就偏不干，和妈妈叫板。现在，妈妈叫我去做事，我也就去干了。

从此，我就把阅读列入了我的学习日程中，我每天挤出时间阅读，我还自创了一句话：读好书，书读好，好书读!

我一定要好好阅读，更上一层楼!

In this modern materialistic world, the majority of people are in hot pursuit of material gains, and money is considered the most valuable thing of all, which, personally speaking, is quite superficial. As far as I am concerned,readingis much more valuable than anything else, for it can benefit us in many ways. The old saying, “to open a book is always beneficial” vividly shows how valuable reading is.

Firstly, it goes beyond doubt that reading is a very important way to gain knowledge. Reading is like travelling, the process of which enables you to experience the colorful world and enlarge your eyes scope. By reading history books, you can understand how a regime prospers or collapses, helping you draw useful lessons and develop more wisdom. By reading books of science, you can keep yourself informed in the field of scientific endeavors, thus appreciating how science creates wonders. In a word, reading can enrich your knowledge and get whatever information you need.

In addition, you can get mental encouragement from reading and improve yourself in all aspects. For instance, the stories of well-known people in books help turn an aimless person into an ambitious one, setting up a short or long-term goal for himself. If the daily troubles make you feel desperate, then you will be mentally stroked and encouraged by reading how famous people such as Beethoven made miracles in the face of insurmountable difficulties. Books are a great source of mental encouragement, giving you motives to move forward.

Finally, reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our joy when we are in high spirits, and lessens our sorrow when we are discouraged. Reading will always bring us enjoyment and satisfaction. Good books also serve as gentle companions or faithful friends that will never betray us. While reading, we don’t feel lonely. Books are ready to give us whatever we need such as knowledge, friendship and encouragement.

To sum up, reading is undoubtedly beneficial to you. To open a book is like opening a door, through which you will enter a museum, where all man-made wonders and unique wisdoms are available for you to appreciate; to open a book is like opening a window, through which you can enjoy fresh air、blue sky and wonderful natural landscapes , making you feel refreshed

在这个现代唯物主义的世界,大多数人在炎热的追求物质财富,和金钱被认为是最有价值的东西的,就个人来说,是相当肤浅的。就我而言,读书比任何其他更有价值,因为它可以我们在很多方面获益。俗话说,“打开一本书总是有益”生动地展示了如何有价值的阅读。

首先,它超越怀疑阅读是一个非常重要的方式来获得知识。阅读是喜欢旅行的过程,使您体验到丰富多彩的世界,扩大你的眼睛。通过阅读历史书,你可以了解一个政权繁荣或崩溃,帮助你得出有用的经验和开发更多的智慧。通过科学的读书,可以让自己了解领域的科学努力,因此升值如何科学创造奇迹。总之,阅读可以丰富你的知识和得到任何你需要的信息。

此外,你可以得到精神的鼓励阅读和提高自己在各方面。例如,著名的人的故事书帮助把一个漫无目的的人变成一个雄心勃勃的人,为自己建立一个短期或长期目标。如果日常烦恼让你感到绝望,那么你将会精神上抚摸,鼓励通过阅读名人如贝多芬如何制造奇迹的不可逾越的困难。书是一个伟大的精神鼓励,给你动机前进。

最后,读好书是生活中最大的乐趣之一。它增加我们的快乐当我们情绪高涨,和减少我们的悲伤当我们气馁。阅读总是给我们带来快乐和满足。好书也作为温和的同伴或忠实的朋友,永远不会背叛我们。在阅读时,我们不感到孤独。书是准备给我们任何我们需要如知识、友谊和鼓励。

总之,阅读无疑是有益的。打开一本书就像打开一扇门,通过它你将进入博物馆,所有人造奇迹和独特的智慧可供你欣赏,打开一本书就像打开一个窗口,通过它你可以享受新鲜的空气,蓝色的天空和奇妙的自然景观,使你感到舒畅

There were three of them. There were four of us, and April lay on the campsite and on the river, a mixture of dawn at a damp extreme and the sun in the leaves at cajole. This was Deer Lodge on the Pine River in Ossipee, New Hampshire, though the lodge was naught but a foundation remnant in the earth. Brother Bentleys father, Oren, had found this place sometime after the First World War, a foreign affair that had seriously done him no good but he found solitude abounding here. Now we were here, post World War II, post Korean War, Vietnam War on the brink. So much learned, so much yet to learn.

Peace then was everywhere about us, in the riot of young leaves, in the spree of bird confusion and chatter, in the struggle of pre-dawn animals for the start of a new day, a Cooper Hawk that had smashed down through trees for a squealing rabbit, yap of a fox at a youngster, a skunk at rooting.

We had pitched camp in the near darkness, Ed LeBlanc, Brother Bentley, Walter Ruszkowski, myself. A dozen or more years we had been here, and seen no one. Now, into our campsite deep in the forest, so deep that at times we had to rebuild sections of narrow road (more a loggers path) flushed out by earlier rains, deep enough where we thought wed again have no traffic, came a growling engine, an old solid body van, a Chevy, the kind I had driven for Frankie Pike and the Lobster Pound in Lynn delivering lobsters throughout the Merrimack Valley. It had pre-WW II high fenders, a faded black paint on a body youd swear had been hammered out of corrugated steel, and an engine that made sounds too angry and too early for the start of day. Two elderly men, we supposed in their seventies, sat the front seat; felt hats at the slouch and decorated with an assortment of tied flies like a miniature bandoleer of ammunition on the band. They could have been conscripts for Emilano Zappata, so loaded their hats and their vests as they climbed out of the truck.

"Mornin, been yet?" one of them said as he pulled his boots up from the folds at his knees, the tops of them as wide as a big mouth bass coming up from the bottom for a frog sitting on a lily pad. His hands were large, the fingers long and I could picture them in a shop barn working a primal plane across the face of a maple board. Custom-made, old elegance, those hands said.

"Barely had coffee," Ed LeBlanc said, the most vocal of the four of us, quickest at friendship, at shaking hands. "Weve got a whole pot almost. Have what you want." The pot was pointed out sitting on a hunk of grill across the stones of our fire, flames licking lightly at its sides. The pot appeared as if it had been at war, a number of dents scarred it, the handle had evidently been replaced, and if not adjusted against a small rock it would have fallen over for sure. Once, a half-hour on the road heading north, noting it missing, wed gone back to get it. When we fished the Pine River, coffee was the glue, the morning glue, the late evening glue, even though wed often unearth our beer from a natural cooler in early evening. Coffee, camp coffee, has a ritual. It is thick, it is dark, it is potboiled over a squaw-pine fire, it is strong, it is enough to wake the demon in you, stoke last evenings cheese and pepperoni. First man up makes the fire, second man the coffee; but into that pot has to go fresh eggshells to hold the grounds down, give coffee a taste of history, a sense of place. That means at least one egg be cracked open for its shells, usually in the shadows and glimmers of false dawn. I suspect thats where "scrambled eggs" originated, from some camp like ours, settlers rushing west, lumberjacks hungry, hoboes lobbying for breakfast. So, camp coffee has made its way into poems, gatherings, memories, a time and thing not letting go, not being manhandled, not being cast aside.

英语作文阅读：AnEmptyBox

Once upon a time, a man punished his 5-year-old daughter for using up the familys only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper. Money was tight, and he became even more upset when on Christmas Eve, he saw that the child had pasted the gold paper so as to decorate a shoebox to put under the Christmas tree.

Nevertheless, the next morning the little girl, filled with excitement, brought the gift box to her father and said, "This is for you, Daddy!"

As he opened the box, the father was embarrassed by his earlier overreaction.

But when he opened it, he found it was empty and again his anger flared. "Dont you know, young lady, " he said harshly, "when you give someone a present theres supposed to be something inside the package!"

The little girl looked up at him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: "Daddy, its not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full."

The father was crushed. He fell on his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger.

An accident took the life of the child only a short time later. It is told that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. Whenever he was discouraged or faced difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child who had put it there.

In a very real sense, each of us as human beings have been given an invisible golden box filled with unconditional love and kisses from our children, family, friends and God.

There is no more precious possession anyone could hold.

英语作文阅读：HappinessEquateswithFun

I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.

Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion.

Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.

I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful inpiduals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells "happiness".

But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, profound loneliness.

The way people cling to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually diminishes their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very endeavors that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, civic or charitable work, and self-improvement.

英语作文阅读：TodayisaGift

Two men, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. One man was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. His bed was next to the room‘s only window. The other man had to spend all his time flat on his back. The men talked for hours on end.

They spoke of their wives and families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, where they had been on vacation. And every afternoon when the man in the bed by the window could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window. The man in the other bed began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.

The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amidst flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees graced the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As the man by the window described all this in exquisite detail, the man on the other side of the room would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scene.

One warm afternoon the man by the window described a parade passing by. Although the other man couldn‘t hear the band - he could see it in his mind‘s eye as the gentleman by the window portrayed it with descriptive words.

Days and weeks passed. One morning, the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of the man by the window, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.

As soon as it seemed appropriate, the other man asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone. Slowly and painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself. He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall.

The man asked the nurse what could have compelled his deceased roommate who had described such wonderful things outside this window. The nurse responded that the man was blind and could not even see the wall. She said, "Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you."

英语作文阅读：IsPackingImportanttoYou

A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a dealers showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.

As Graduation Day approached, the young man awaited signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study. His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather-bound Bible, with the young mans name embossed in gold.

Angrily, he raised his voice to his father and said, "With all your money you give me a Bible?" He then stormed out of the house, leaving the Bible.

Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and a wonderful family, but realizing his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make the arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.

When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his fathers important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago.

With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the Bible. It had a tag with the dealers name, the same dealer who had the sports car he had desired. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words… "PAID IN FULL".

How many times do we miss blessings because they are not packaged as we expected? I trust you enjoyed this. Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; but remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for. Sometimes we dont realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect "the packaging" to be different. What may appear as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.

英语作文阅读：TheBabyEagle

Once upon a time there was a baby eagle living in a nest perched on a cliff overlooking a beautiful valley with waterfalls and streams, trees and lots of little animals, scurrying about enjoying their lives.

The baby eagle liked the nest. It was the only world he had ever known. It was warm and comfortable, had a great view, and even better, he had all the food and love and attention that a great mother eagle could provide. Many times each day the mother would swoop down from the sky and land in the nest and feed the baby eagle delicious morsels of food. She was like a god to him, he had no idea where she came from or how she worked her magic.

The baby eagle was hungry all the time, but the mother eagle would always come just in time with the food and love and attention he craved. The baby eagle grew strong. His vision grew very sharp. He felt good all the time.

Until one day, the mother stopped coming to the nest.

The baby eagle was hungry. "Im sure to die," said the baby eagle, all the time.

"Very soon, death is coming," he cried, with tears streaming down his face. Over and over. But there was no one there to hear him.

Then one day the mother eagle appeared at the top of the mountain cliff, with a big bowl of delicious food and she looked down at her baby. The baby looked up at the mother and cried "Why did you abandon me? Im going to die any minute. How could you do this to me?"

The mother said, "Here is some very tasty and nourishing food, all you have to do is come get it."

"Come get it!" said the baby, with much anger. "How?"

The mother flew away.

The baby cried and cried and cried.

A few days later, "Im going to end it all," he said. "I give up. It is time for me to die."

He didnt know his mother was nearby. She swooped down to the nest with his last meal.

"Eat this, its your last meal," she said.

The baby cried, but he ate and whined and whined about what a bad mother she was.

"Youre a terrible mother," he said. Then she pushed him out of the nest.

He fell.

Head first.

Picked up speed.

Faster and faster.

He screamed. "Im dying Im dying," he cried. He picked up more speed.

He looked up at his mother. "How could you do this to me?"

He looked down.

The ground rushed closer, faster and faster. He could visualize his own death so clearly, coming so soon, and cried and whined and complained. "This isnt fair!" he screamed.

Something strange happens.

The air caught behind his arms and they snapped away from his body, with a feeling unlike anything he had ever experienced. He looked down and saw the sky. He wasnt moving towards the ground anymore, his eyes were pointed up at the sun.

"Huh?" he said. "What is going on here!"

"Youre flying," his mother said.

"This is fun!" laughed the baby eagle, as he soared and ped and swooped.

"Yes it is!" said the mother.

[英语作文阅读：The Three Fishermen

书中最让我钦佩的人物形象是瑞宣的妻子韵梅，和诗人钱默吟。韵梅即会持家又懂规矩，还为祁老太爷生了一双重孙，深得老太爷的喜欢，婆婆又病弱，韵梅理所当然的担起了一家老小的吃喝穿戴。她是天生的好脾气，似乎是与生俱来的家庭责任感任感，促使她劳任怨的照顾着一家人的日常生活，极尽所能的让全家人过得顺心，她和婆婆一样，本分的做着女人，不参与该属于男人的事，但家中每一个人的一举一动都牵着她们的心。北平沦陷，抗日战争爆发，动荡的社会，生活的贫困和折磨，让一个纯粹的家庭妇女走出了家庭，她的心里不再只有小家，而是国家。在韵梅的身上，我看到了北平乃至整个中国的普通女人，由只会围着锅台转，只会顾及一家老小的生活，而变得更具责任感，这个责任感是对国家的。她们虽然不能象男人一样亲临战地，但她们的勇敢和坚定，是对家人和亲人的最大的理解和支持。

活在自己世界里的钱默吟，与世无争，每天就是浇花，看书，画画，吟诗。默吟二字是他本来性格的最真写照。在胡同里的人看来，钱诗人有些清高和高深莫测。在沉默中爆发的钱诗人，在不为人知的角落里，积极做着抗日的工作，他劝说年轻人离开北平，参与到抗战的队伍中，他的行动感染着更多的人。钱诗人的人物形象，代表了千千万万知识分子，由只喜自己闲情逸志，到主动参与抗日，可以说由被动变为主动的转型。大多数北平人，大多数中国人，正是经历了惶惑，偷生，最后觉醒。觉醒后的中国，是任何力量也无法抵挡的猛狮，北平那个年代是，现在更是。

《四世同堂》的最后，是一个喜庆的场面，抗日战争胜利了，小羊圈胡同的人欢迎从狱中出来的钱诗人。钱诗人“外表上病没有什么英雄气概，浑身满布战争的创伤。”是的，抗日战争的胜利依靠人民群众，无论哪朝哪代，人民群众都是社会的主体力量。

不能不提姥爷，不能不提姥爷的四世同堂。

18岁参加革命的姥爷，担任过地下党艰苦危险的工作，解放后领导职务，时被拉上台，后又恢复领导职务，离休后安享平淡的日子。姥爷的前半生，可谓起伏跌宕，一波三折。总想有机会听听姥爷讲讲他在战争时期的经历，可惜一直不能有大段的时间呆在姥爷身边。总是在每次到姥爷家时，深深的感受着他的宁静和幸福，四世同堂带来的幸福。并非有意将姥爷的四世同堂和老舍先生笔下的四世同堂相比，但确是在眼前的，时代不同，四世同堂的老人享受的日子也不同。每一个人的生活，原本都是和国家相连的。

这个学期，我读了《儒林外史》这本书，它是作家吴敬梓的代表作。在这部小说里吴敬梓用讽刺的手法，描写了封建社会读书人对功名的追求，以及他们的生活状况。书中所描述的人物形象十分的生动。有爱才如命的严监生;有苦读诗书的鲍文玺;有打秋风的张乡绅……而我印象最深的是爱才如命的严监生。

严监生是一个家财万贯，田地、房产、仆人众多的财主，却格外的“节约”。家里一斤肉都舍不得买，有时候家中的孩子实在忍不住了就拿一两钱买熟肉来给孩子解馋，生病了也舍不得抓药，还经常克扣仆人的工资……书中有这样一个片段《临死前的严监生》，记叙了严监生临终前因灯盏点了两茎灯草，伸着两根指头不断气，直到赵氏挑掉了一茎，才一命呜呼的故事刻画了爱财胜过生命的守财奴的形象。相信大家都看不惯这样爱财如命的人。

像严监生舍不得点两茎灯草的事在我们现实生活中就没有吗?当然有。如我们不会在一间房子里同时打开两盏灯，因为一盏就够亮的了，又何必多开一盏呢?只是我们现代人将这样的行为称为节约。

其实在我看来，严监生的“勤俭节约”还是值得我们学习的。现在人们的生活水平提高了，经常到外面去吃大餐，吃不完的也不打包。这本就是一个浪费。现在的小孩大多数都是独生子女，父母都会给他们买很多，很贵的玩具，衣服也都是买名牌的，而且穿几次就不要了……这多浪费啊!谁家的钱都不是大风刮来的，都是要辛苦挣，所以我们应该节约点，把钱花在该花的地，但节约并不等于吝啬。

严监生的爱财如命固然可恨，但他的“节约”值得我学习。

Reading the masterpiece of the masterpiece "The History of Rulin" Reading:

Pick up a book, read the sentence, there are a few words I also full of love, full of nostalgia.

Such as: the direction of the tree, is decided by the wind; The direction of the people, their own decisions. So, I must, in todays I, me yesterday; In tomorrows me, me today!

Yes, fate is in our own hands, only you can go to dominate it.

At the same time, cherish the good one single moment of every day, dont let yourself feel have not full, and dont live without a goal, this is what I feel, also in the moment remind myself.

Read the contents of the jar TXT umd of square and round, so there is a writing: the golden key to success in life is to believe in yourself, brave action, have great enthusiasm to the life and career, if you grasp the three golden key, then the road to success will show in front of you...

This sentence will become one of my motto, while I was reading, but the work is at hand, so Im going to shop for your own life, a road to success.

拿起一本书，读到里面的句子，有几句我还满喜欢，满留恋的。

如：树的方向，由风决定;人的方向，自己决定。所以，我一定要——以今日之我，胜昨日之我;以明日之我，胜今日之我!

不错，命运是掌握在自己手中，只有自己能去主宰它。

同时，珍惜好每一天的一分一秒，不要让自己觉得过得不充实，也不要毫无目标的生存着，这是我所感受到的，也在时刻的自我提醒。

读到了丁远峙着的《方与圆》中的内容，有一句是这么写的：人生成功的金钥匙就是相信自己，勇敢行动，对人生、事业怀有无比的热忱，如果你把握了这三把金钥匙，那么成功之路就展现在你眼前……

这一句话将成为我的座右铭之一，虽然我还在读书，但距离工作已是近在咫尺了，所以我要努力，为自己的人生铺一条成功的道路。

I like reading very much because reading is the ladder of human progress. What’s more, reading brings us not only endless fun but also opportunities.

There are many available books for us to choose from, like history books, science books, literary books and so no. But what interests me most in history books---over the long course of history, the Chinese nation has witnessed changes of dynasties, transfers of governments, and foreign powers in modern history. This makes me realize the great responsibility of the development of the motherland. Therefore, we should study hard for the rise of the Chinese.

I sincerely hope that everyone can absorb more nutrients and cultivate a more noble character through reading.

The Importance of Electricity

When you go to work in the morning and find that traffic lights dont work, the traffic jam will certainly happen. A patient needs to be operated on at once. What will happen if the operation cannot be made because of the electricity. Without electricity, we can neither watch TV, listen to the tape, nor chat on line. Electricity is closely related to our daily life.

How terrible it would be if there were no electricity!

关于电力的重要性的初中英语作文

当你早上去上班，发现交通灯不工作，交通堵塞，肯定会发生的。一个病人需要立刻动手术。如果操作不能因为电力会发生什么。没有电，我们不能看电视，听磁带，也不能在网上聊天。电在我们的日常生活密切相关的。

如果没有电将会多么可怕

if we have a book ,we will not be felling of being longly

When Im free or in trouble, I always take out a book and read quietly. In no time, Ive put my heart into it so that Ill forget all the troubles. Its in this way that Ive formed the habit of reading in any time.

Little boys as I was, I was interest in picture books and storybooks. I was struck by them. No sooner had I entered the middle school than I began to read novel, plays, essays and so on. I found I could get much from them. Little by little I took great interest in literature and last term I won the first prize in the composition contest among middle-school students in Zhe Jiang.

Reading “The Emperors New Clothes”, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his fool. “The Little Match Girl” couldnt keep me from crying for her misery. “ Robinson Crusoe” took me into a strange world full of danger. And I was also deeply impressed by Helen Kellers patience and perseverance… Besides these, books also tell me other thing -how to be a man and how to tell the difference between right and wrong. In a word, good books can make me know what I didnt before. So I think of a good book as my best friend.

Ill never forget this famous saying,“ Good books are best friends who never turn their backs upon us.”

如果我们有一本书,我们不会感觉的孤独

当我免费或陷入困境时,我总是拿出一本书,安静地阅读。在没时间,我把我的心放在它,这样我就会忘记所有的烦恼。通过这种方式,我在任何时候形成阅读的习惯。

小男孩在我,我感兴趣的照片书和故事书。我被他们。我走进中学比我刚开始阅读小说、剧本、散文等等。我发现我能得到多少。渐渐地我带着极大的兴趣在文学和上学期我在作文比赛中得了第一名哲江中学学生。

阅读“皇帝的新衣”,我不得不发出一阵笑声在他的傻瓜。“卖火柴的小女孩”不能阻止我哭她的痛苦。“鲁宾逊漂流记”带我到一个陌生的世界充满了危险。我也深深打动了海伦·凯勒的耐心和毅力…除了这些,书也告诉我其他的事情——一个男人以及如何区分对与错。总之,好的书可以让我知道我没有之前。所以我认为一本好书是最好的朋友。

我永远不会忘记这个著名的说:“好书是最好的朋友对我们从不转背。”

一、让学生追逐“400万”的理想

阅读是语文教学的重点。究竟为什么要阅读?弄清了阅读的意义才能开展有意义的阅读教学。新课程标准认为，阅读是搜集处理信息、认识世界、发展思维、获得审美体验的重要途径。它告诉我们，阅读本身并不是目的，它的目标是有益于人的发展。既然如此，死抱课文以对付考试为目的的阅读是狭隘的，是不利于学生发展的，阅读必须向课外拓展。新课程标准要求学生“广泛阅读各种类型的读物”“每学年阅读两三部名著”，九年课外阅读总量不少于 400 万字。 余蕾老师也曾撰文《 400 万，你拥有吗?》呼吁语文教学重视课外阅读，并且指出“拥有 400 万，你的知识储备才能勉强达到‘小康，要想成为知识的‘富翁，你还得不断扩大阅读量”。因此，引导学生有计划地阅读一批名著，应该是初中语文教学的一个重要内容。

为此，大胆给学生松绑，不是布置可做可不做的作业捆绑学生，而是鼓励学生广泛阅读各类书籍，放手让学生在阅读天地里自由徜徉。通过扩大阅读面、增加阅读量来刺激学生大量接收信息，促使他们与文本及作者形成对话，逐步增强阅读兴趣，并特别提倡在老师的引导下多读名著，达到并超过400万的目标。

二、让学生独立感受、理解、欣赏和评价

在阅读的过程中，还给学生更多自由阅读的权利，放手让学生独立地与文本展开对话，去理解，去表达。不必担心学生“读不懂”或者“读不透”而硬要插上一手，如果设计几个问题乃至出几个考题来“指导阅读”，势必冰消学生领略名著风采的热情。要让学生自己去进行阅读实践，自己去感受、思考，在积极的思维和情感活动中加深理解和体验，从中得到营养。在历时一个月的单本阅读中，我只提了一个希望：每周就你所看的内容选择感触最深的一点，写作一篇读书心得贴在书的相应位置，交给我看一看。那是因为我相信在进入名著之后学生会有自己的惊喜与发现，他会睁大双眼在其中捕捉、感受，他会转动大脑边读边领悟、评价。他可能会为名著的博大精深而叹服，也可能因被其中某一个局部深深吸引而久久驻足。他也许思考得很深，也许只是一点点真切的感觉而已，但是必定每一个读进去的人都会有话可说，有东西可写。记录下这些最真最深的点滴感受，并贴在自己的书上，想想若干年后仍然可以由此回望自己的读书生涯，应是件轻松愉快且富有意义的事情。

事实如此，学生乐此不疲，就连作文最困难的学生也可以发表自己对名著的看法。“一千个读者有一千个哈姆雷特”，同一本书在不同学生眼里本有不同意义，每周一次的读书心得写作，又自然地利用阅读期待、阅读反思等环节，激发了学生探究性阅读和创造性阅读的热情。在这些“粘贴式读书心得”里，学生充分展示着自己独特的感受、体验和理解，使名著的阅读呈现出生机勃勃的局面。

他们与作者对话。读《呼啸山庄》，“你究竟要在这本书里向我们展示什么?你究竟要表现什么?是爱情还是背叛?”读《红字》，“谁才是真正的罪犯?我想，似乎每一个人都是罪人，其实每个人又都是受害者。”读《巴黎圣母院》，“我以为，人的美外表占 30% ，内心占 70% 。”读《千年一叹》，“我最大的愿望，是遍历中东沿线，与你 秋雨先生，形成更强烈的共鸣”;读《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，“钢铁到底是怎样炼成的?靠的是永不放弃!精神不倒，信念永存……”

他们与人物对话。读《童年》，有《我与阿辽沙比童年》;读《骆驼祥子》，有《我要对祥子说》，“我似乎看到你眼中有一道复杂的光在跳动，把你心中正翻腾着的委屈、惊疑、困惑、感激全都照亮，两行泪水沿着你的脸颊无声的流淌……”读《哈姆雷特》，有《给哈姆雷特的一封信 冤冤相报何时了》“你将继承王位，与奥菲利娅幸福的生活在一起……一切尽在你复仇与不复仇之间。”三读《复活》诞生三封信 《致玛丝洛娃》《致法官》《致聂赫留朵夫》;读《安娜?卡列尼娜》，出现“痛苦可以弥补，生命却不能重来”的吊挽……

他们自然地将名著的阅读与课文的学习结合起来。读《麦琪的礼物》，与八年级第二单元的主题结合，感叹这“平凡人之间不平凡的爱”;读《鲁滨孙漂流记》赞美鲁滨孙，分别仿照七年级第四单元《观舞记》和《安塞腰鼓》的句式来写：“假如我是太阳，我要用我耀眼的光芒来焕发人们对鲁滨孙的尊敬;假如我是河流，我要用我流水的声响来渲染人们对鲁滨孙的赞扬;假如我是欢乐，我就把鲁滨孙层层包绕，不让他再度悲伤;假如我是悲伤，我一定远远躲开鲁滨孙，因为我深知我无法占领他的心房……然而我什么都不是!我只是一个读者，我只能用我贫乏的文字来抒写对鲁滨孙的的敬意;我只是一个读者，但我愿用我整个的身心去赞美可敬的鲁滨孙 先生!”“看! 一工作起来就发狠了，忘情了，没命了!……使人觉得：在困难的时候只要凭借一种力量就可以支撑;使人觉得：无助的时候用勤劳的双手仍然可以唤醒明天的太阳;使人觉得：狂风暴雨过后天空定然会有美丽的彩虹;使人觉得：勤劳的人是领路人!……好一个鲁滨孙!好一个勤劳的汉子!……”

三、让学生参与多种读书交流活动

为了使阅读成为一种持久的自觉活动，充分肯定学生独特的感受、体验与理解是非常重要的。当一篇篇读书心得得到了老师的赞赏，学生的满足感不言而喻，毫无疑问他们将带着更大的热情投入今后的阅读。除了教师的肯定外，还应创设更多条件使学生有机会在更多人面前展示他的阅读成果，获得更大的成就感和阅读动力，并从中获得更多启发和方法，拓展思维空间，提高阅读质量。萧伯纳曾说：“你有一种思想，我有一种思想，交流之后，我们就各有了两种思想。”交流是非常重要的学习方法，它本身就是一种碰撞和融合，两种思想交流之后或许可以产生第三种甚至更多思想。由于名著的博大精深和耐人寻味，使得交流在阅读中成为一种必需。为此，我不怕耽误课时，影响教学进度，采用了多种交流形式放手让学生在活动中交流，如撰写读书报告、书本的展台式展览、心得的墙报式展览……其中最精彩的是互动式读书交流会。将一些读书很有心得和成果的同学推向前台，在单位时间内向同学们介绍自己所读的书，讲述对该书的理解和思考，也袒露自己读书的困惑，还必须接受同学们围绕该书的质疑，完成答辩。在这种交流活动中，所有学生的思维都处于积极活跃的状态之中，必将极大地拓展其思维空间，进一步提高阅读质量，并将极大地推动其阅读热情，使名著阅读成为一种时尚，甚至成为一种生活需要。

四、让学生掌握阅读方法、

摘抄法是一种资料性阅读的方法，是一种根据个人喜好与研究，将精美难得的资料摘抄下来分类保存，以供阅读、品味、引用的资料积累方法。摘抄法是重要的读书笔记方法，它的基本形式有：

1语录式摘抄;2 内容提要式摘抄;3. 内容赏析式摘抄;4. 专项研究式摘抄;

5 组合式摘抄;

下面是一张用摘抄法完成的读书卡，我们可以根据个人的需要和作品的类别，采用不同的摘抄法尝试做摘抄读书卡，把自己的阅读收获积累下来，这不仅能为写作提供素材，还能留下你的阅读轨迹和心路历程。

On the morning of June 1, the bright sunshine shone on the whole campus, making the provincial school more beautiful. In order to celebrate our childrens festival, the school specially held a colorful and interesting garden activity.

The activities of the garden include: fishing, shooting, blowing candles, shooting, guessing, beading, blind ball, shuttlecock, hula hoop, floating needle, playing table tennis... . Among them, I think the most interesting project is to blow the candle. The rule of the project is that if you blow out three or four candles, you can get a ticket. If you blow out five or six candles, you can get two tickets to the lottery.

When I came to the arena with gusto, more than 20 people were waiting in line, so I had to wait patiently at the back of the line. The procession moved slowly forward like water, hoping that it would be my turn to blink. At this time, some of the students blew out six candles in one breath, their faces with a complacent look.

I thought: air what, wait to see mine! Some students only blow out three or four candles in one breath; And classmates with great strength, small mouth bulging round, but doesnt even have a candle blow out, disappointed, they are unwilling, wanted to blow again, had to run to the back of the team continue to wait in line. Looking at their performance, my heart was both happy and nervous, and I was worried that I could not blow out one of them, and if that was the case, it would be too boring.

In a few minutes, and it was my turn to play, I hurried to put the candle stage, took a deep breath, and then quickly forward movement and the tone with the biggest power blowing the candles. "Wow," a marvel from my teachers and classmates, I looked back, "one, two, three, four, five" didnt expect me to blew out the candle and five I jumped with joy. The referees award gave me two tickets to the lottery. At this point, the students behind me were casting envious glances at me.

Later, I played a lot of projects and felt good. When the garden was over, I was sweating and my clothes were wet, but I was not tired at all. I wish I had "61" every day, and I would be so happy every day.

无可否认，只要是人就都会有缺陷。当一个人承认了这个缺陷并努力去战胜它而不是去屈从它的时候，无论他能否最终战胜自身的这个缺陷，他都是一个胜利者，因为他已经战胜了自己对缺陷的妥协，他是自己勇气和信心的胜利者。老渔夫就是敢于挑战自身缺陷及自己勇气和信心的胜利者。从世俗胜利观的角度看，老渔夫不是最后的胜利者，因为尽管开始他战胜了大马林鱼，但是最终大马林鱼还是让鲨鱼吃了，他只是带着大马林鱼的白骨架子回到了岸上，也就是说，鲨鱼才是胜利者。可是，在理想主义者眼里，老渔夫就是胜利者，因为他始终没有向大海没有向大马林鱼，更没有向鲨鱼妥协和投降。

人性是强悍的，人类本身有自己的限度，但正是因为有了老渔夫这样的人一次又一次地向限度挑战，超越它们，这个限度才一次次扩大，一次次把更大的挑战摆在了人类面前。在这个意义上，老渔夫桑地亚哥这样的英雄，不管他们挑战限度是成功还是失败，都是值得我们永远敬重的.。“一艘船越过世界的尽头，驶向未知的大海，船头上悬挂着一面虽然饱经风雨剥蚀却依旧艳丽无比的旗帜，旗帜上，舞动着云龙一般的四个字闪闪发光——超越极限!”作者海明威是这样评价他的作品《老人与海》的。

当我们读到在大海中苦苦鏖战的老人和拼死也要活口的鱼类的时候，我们愿意相信这就是活着之所以应该活着的价值，证明自身存在的价值，对于年轻人以及中年人来说更应该多从这个角度来理会本书的内涵，奋斗可能没有结果，可能一切都会是一场空空的“骨架”，但是，有一点我们必须承认，奋斗的过程是何其令人赞赏?正像某书评作家解读《西游记》中的孙悟空一样，读者最喜欢的还是西行中的孙行者，而不是已经修成正果的斗战胜佛

人生就如一片，很宽，也很危险。它可以把你推向一个高度，也会瞬间让你失去自己所有的幸福。我们为了保留这一丝幸福，会努力地向浪尖奔去，用我们的满腔热血化解有时愤怒的海洋。要知道，一个好渔人，是拥有桑提亚哥的意志和精神的。

我想：人生即是海洋，时而波涛汹涌，时而风平浪静。在风里你可以感受坚毅，在浪里你可以感受激昂!这些都是过程带给我们的快乐

Women are playing an increasingly important part in society today.In many countries,more and more women are acting as workers,farmers,scientists,and even leaders.We can say that almost all jobs which men can do are done successfully by women.Women are no longer looked down upon by society.

With the changes in their social role,womens position in family has been improved as well.Husband and wife are now equal in the family.They deal with problems of daily life together,and share happiness with each other.In todays families,women are not usually the ones busy with dinners.

In spite of these changes ,the liberation of women has not been completely realized.A number of men are self-centered,who regard women as incapable.Few women are allowed to attend important international meetings dominated by men.Thats really the problem we should solve immediately.