高考英语写作开头小技巧指导(合集20篇)
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10002024年高考英语作文开头技巧汇总
全文共 1479 字
+ 加入清单文章的开头一般来说应尽量做到开门见山,用简单明白的叙述引出文章的话题,使读者了解文章要谈论什么,一下于引起读者的兴趣。
作文常见的开头形式大致有以下几种:
1.开门见山,揭示主题
文章一开头,,就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。
例如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎样度假)的开头可以写成:I Spent my last vacation happily.
"Honesty"(谈诚实)的开头可以写成:
Honesty is one of the best virtues.An honest man is always trusted and respected.On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a "liar",and is looked upon by honest people.
2.交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头
在文章的开头,先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。
例如"A Trip to Jinshan" (去金山旅游)的开头可以写成:
The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan. The bus ride there took three hours. The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.
3. 回忆性的开头
用回忆的方法来开头。
例如"A Trip to the Taishan Mountain"(泰山游)的开头是:
I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.
4.概括性的开头
即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。
如“The Happiness of Reading Books”(读书的快乐)的开头:
People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world. But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.
5.介绍环境式的开头
即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。
如“An Accident”(一场事故)的开头可以写成:
It was a rainy and windy morning. The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty. I was on my way back to school. Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.
6.交待写作目的的开头
在文章的一开头就交待写作目的,如通过文章要表扬谁,批评谁,或说明一个什么问题等。
如 "Pollution Control" (控制污染)的开头: In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.
更多相似作文
篇1:高考英语作文素材
全文共 1077 字
+ 加入清单面对中学生“出国热”,社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题,根据以下提供的信息,谈谈自己的看法。
Advantages Disadvantages
1.良好的语言环境,更利于语言学习。
2.拓宽视野,学习国外先进的科学技术。
3.传播各民族间的不同文化。 1.年纪小,缺乏生活经验,自理能力差。
1. 情感孤独,思乡。2. 生活学习费用高。
注意:1)第一句已为你写好,不计入总词数。 2)词数100 左右。
3)参考词汇:媒介,中间人 mediator
Studying Abroad
In recent years, studying abroad has been popular.________________________
Studying Abroad
In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study. Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.
There are many advantages in attending schools abroad. First, students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. Second, we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Third, we can learn foreign languages more quickly.
However, there are some disadvantages. Most of the students are too young to live by themselves without any living experience. Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick. Of course the costs are much.
篇2:精选往年高考作文指导
全文共 824 字
+ 加入清单隔着代沟,我望见了您。
已经不记得上一次好好地看您是什么时候了,父亲。
我只记得那时的您,头发乌黑,皮肤泛着古铜色的光。青年时期的下乡生活,让您有了健康的体魄,也让您在纷繁的社会中变得寡言少语,
自我上高申以来,您就很少管过我,有人说"儿随母,女随父"。在我的生活申,更多的是妈妈的教育和关怀,我几乎每天都要和她谈笑,却很少能跟您讲上一句话"妈妈总是关心我这,关心我那,而在我眼中,您总是坐在您自己的角落里,研究着自己的股票。我总觉得您根本不关心我,我总觉得您是家中的一个外人"
随着感情的疏远,我发现我渐渐地不认得您了。"代沟",这可真是个神奇的东西。
高考离我越来越近,可您却离我越来越远。虽然您也开始不时地说些什么,您也开始每天按时往我嘴里塞各种各样的补品,可对我来讲,那些话远不如妈妈讲得动听。而塞药时我甚至感觉,您是一个"医生",而不是一个父亲。感情的疏远,似乎真的隔断了认知。
考前的那几天学校放假,您让我到您的学校复习。您带着我去了您的学校,让我在办公室等着,自己去清理一间教室出来。我一人待在办公室里无聊,就走下楼去,走到那间教室门口。教室里您忙碌的身影晃动着。我突然意识到我很久没有好好看看您了。
我一声不响地走进去。您还在忙着。光线并不明亮,我却看到了您头上几点晃眼的光。我头一次注意到您有白头发了。您费力地搬着桌子,额头上已经闪着莹莹的光。这就是我的父亲啊,曾几何时家里重活一人包的父亲,竟也变得这样虚弱!您还是老了啊!
那一刻,我突然感觉一股冲击从心底喷薄而出,震动着我的全身。我觉得那是源自割不断的亲情,那是心底的回音。突然找回了被父爱包围的感觉,这父爱不像从前那样广博而无微不至,但它却更深沉,更能激起我内心的共鸣。我觉得我重新认识了您。
也许您还没有感觉到我的觉醒,也许在您眼中我还是那个对您冷若冰霜不屑一顾的小男孩。可您一定知道,只要亲情不断,血脉相连,我一定会认识到父爱的伟大。感情也许会疏远,可无论这代沟有多宽,我终究会望见您的!
篇3:初中英语作文写作方法技巧
全文共 2935 字
+ 加入清单英语作文怎么写?写不好作文是很多初中生存在的问题。而作文是初中英语考试的重要内容,怎么才能写一篇高分英语作文呢?下面是星火小编给大家总结的一些英语写作经验,大家可以看看。
要写好作文,首先要写好开头,怎么写开头呢?下面是一些不同的开头表达方式,大家可以参考看看。
“开门见山”式开头
即要用简单明了的语言引出文章的话题,使人一开始就能了解文章要说明的内容。
①.对于叙事类的文章,可以在开头把人物、时间、事件和环境交代清楚。
如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头就可以是:Last month, my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us.
②.对于论述性的文章,可以在开头处先阐明自己的观点,接着展开进一步的论述。
如“The Time and the Money(时间和金钱)”的开头可以是:Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don’t think so. First, when money is used up, you can earn it back,but?
这样就将自己想要谈到的话题表达清楚了,接下来再继续论述就可以了。
回忆性开头
在描述事件或游记类的文章中,采用回忆性的开头往往更能吸引人的眼球。这种类型的开头中通常含有描述自己心情或情绪的词汇,如never forget (永远无法忘记), remember (记得),unforgettable (难以忘怀的), exciting(令人激动的),surprising(令人惊讶的), sad (难过的)……如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头还可以这样写:I will never forget my first trip to Huangshan. 或It was really an unforgettable experience I had.
疑问性开头
在叙事类或论述性的文章中,都可采用疑问型开头,这样既可以吸引阅卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。
如“Planting Trees(种树)”的开头可以是:Have you ever planted trees? Don’t you think planting trees is ……
再如“Traveling Abroad(出国之旅)”的开头可以是:If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?
倒叙式开头
在有的文章,特别是叙事类的文章中,可以采用倒叙的写作手法,先写出事件的结果,再陈述过程。
如“Catching Thieves (捉贼)”的开头可以这样写:I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friends even though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell you. It’s a … story.
倒叙式的写法有一些难写,并且在写作过程中很有可能出现时态混淆的问题,在此建议大家在写作过程中尽量不要倒叙式的方式,避免犯错。
开了一个好头之后,当然要开始写文章的主体部分了,那就是文章的正文。
文章的正文应以文章的开头为线索,具体地叙述、说明或论证文章的主题。文章不论长短,每个段落都必须为主题服务。像说明文和议论文这一类的文章,一个主题还常分成几个小主题,每个小主题要用一个段落处理,另起一段时,应是一层新的意思。每一段的开头,要放一个表示段落小主题的主题句,这样可使文章条理化,易于阅读,便于读者抓住主题。段内的所有句子应围绕主题句的意义加以阐述或论证,为中心思想服务。句子之间应衔结自然,有条不紊,而且还要合乎逻辑,段落中不能出现任何与主题无关的句子;英语写作比较重视主题句的作用,缺少它段落意义就会含糊不清。主题句也可放在段落的中间和末尾等部位,但对初学者来说,以放在段首为好。
在记叙文中,段的结构有时可以很简单,不需要有主题句,叙事一气呵成,中途没有停顿。段与段之所以分开,只是为了起修辞作用,以便把某一细节置于显著的地位。
分段是文章组织上重要的一步,在写一篇文章的时候,一般都会将文章分为3段,第一段也就是文章的开头,第二段是主体部分,第三段自然就是结尾了。当然也可以分成4段等,不管怎么分段,都请大家要记住,在写一篇作文的时候,一定不可以不分段。
接下来就是文章的结尾了,以下是一些写好结尾的方法
1.自然结尾,点明主题。随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾。
如“Helping the Policeman(帮助警察)”的结尾可以是:The two children were praised by the police and they felt happy.
再如“The Tortoise and the Hare(龟兔赛跑)”的结尾可以是:When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。
2.首尾呼应,升华主题。在文章的结尾可以用含义较深的话点明主题,深化主题,起到“画龙点睛”的效果。
如“I Love My Hometown(我爱家乡)”的结尾可以是:I love my hometown, and I am proud of it.
3.反问结尾,引起深思。这种方式的结尾虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,而且具有一定的强调作用,可引起他人的深思。
如 “Learning English can Give us a Lot of Pleasure (学英语能为我们带来许多乐趣)” 的结尾可以是:If we learn English well, we can …Don’t you think learning English is great fun?
4.表达祝愿,阐述愿望
这种方式的结尾常出现在书信或演讲稿的文体中,表示对他人的祝福或对将来的展望等。
如“A Letter to the Farmers(给农民们的一封信)”的结尾可以是:I hope the farmers’life will be better and better. 另外,书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语:Best wishes;I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year;I wish you have a good time等。
第四种方法在中考作文中并不会太常用到,中考作文一般都不会要求写关于书信方面的文章,大家可以只是稍加了解。
[初中英语作文写作方法技巧
篇4:高考作文立意写作技巧
全文共 3199 字
+ 加入清单面对材料作文,不少考生因未能真正吃透材料,熟练掌握审题立意、观点提炼的方法,时常造成所提炼的观点与材料若即若离、似是而非,差之毫 厘、失之千里,甚至南辕北辙、风马牛不相及的重大失误——即使你的文章结构再严谨、论证再充分、事例再丰富、语言再优美,也只能是“瞎子点灯白费蜡”了。 可见,材料作文的观点提炼,至关重要。
那么,如何方能吃透材料,紧扣材料`,选好角度,确立一个具有相当新意、深意的观点呢?以下方法谨供参考。
一、主旨领悟法
这是材料作文最为常用且最为稳妥的审题立意方法。如果能准确地领悟材料的中心,并以之为文章的主旨,那么,所写文章定能既切题又有深度。
示例
《华尔街日报》报道:海湾战争前夕,该报记者到驻沙特的美国陆战队采访时,惊奇地发现,在沙漠的帐篷里,待命的军舰上,美国的官兵正在争相研读中国的《孙子兵法》。陆战队司令格雷将军指令:《孙子兵法》为陆战队官兵必读书。
综观材料,我们不难发现,美国官兵之所以学习中国的《孙子兵法》,是用以指导他们的战术,材料的主旨十分清晰,据此,可提炼“他山之石可以攻 玉”之类的观点。当然,这是显性的;从隐性看,外国人尚且如此重视对我国文化遗产的学习,那么作为中国人的我们,则更应“重视祖国文化遗产的传承”,而这 在某种意义上更具深意。
二、关键把握法
关键词句往往是“文眼”,蕴含着材料的主旨。因此,可将其作把握材料、选择立意角度的突破口。在材料作文的材料中,关键词句常常是命题者或材料中的人物的评议性语句。
示例
巴西足球名将贝利在足坛上初露锋芒时,一个记者问他:“你哪一个球踢得最好?”他回答说:“下一个!”而当他在足坛崭露头角,已成为世界著名球王,并踢进一千多个球后,记者又问道:“你哪一个球踢得最好?”他仍然回答:“下一个! ”
这“下一个”三个字,既体现出永不满足的进取精神,又蕴含着艺无止境、不断创新的哲理,闪耀着人格、智慧、精神的光芒。抓住了这个关键词,便抓住了材料的灵魂实质。
三、由果溯因法
事物都是互相联系的。比如,有很多事物就是以因果关系的联系形式存在的。写材料作文,审题时如果能由材料中列举的现象或结果推究出造成所列现象或结果的本质原因,往往能找到最佳的立意。
示例
某胶粘剂公司研制成强力万能胶水,在推向市场之前,别出心裁地将一枚价值可观的大金币,用该胶水粘在该公司的大理石柱上,并称谁能将其取下而不 损坏门柱,金币归谁。一时间,门前人头攒动,不少人纷纷一试身手,结果力气耗尽,金币却岿然不动。人群中爆发出热烈掌声,各色人等称赞有加,消息不胫而 走。新产品一上市,厂家即获得巨大效益。
材料中新产品一上市,之所以“获得巨大效益”,一是因为该强力万能胶水粘后能“岿然不动”的有目共睹的过硬质量,二是由于公司采用了非同寻常的 营销宣传策略,于是,我们便能顺理成章地分别得出 “事实胜于雄辩”、“酒香还需巧吆喝”的结论。相比之下,后者更富有时代气息。
四、寓意揭示法
对于一些寄寓性材料,如寓言、童话、漫画等,须透过材料的表象,进行“由物及人”、“由物及事”的联想,即由材料中的物联想到人,进而联想到与材料内容相类似的人生哲理、社会现象等,挖掘其真正的内涵,从而确立论点。
示例
驴子驮盐渡河,它滑了一下,跌进水里,盐溶化了,它站起来时轻了许多。这件事使它很高兴。又有一天,它驮了海绵走到河边,故意一滑,跌进水里,那海绵吸了水,驴子站不起来,终于淹死了。
这则寓言告诉我们,一切应从实际出发,情况变化了,我们的思想和工作方法也应随之变化,如果墨守成规,或盲目套用,必将招致失败。写作时要透过驴子驮盐和海绵的表象,把握并取其寓意作为文章的论点。
五、细节切入法
示例
郑板桥的书法,用隶书参以行楷,非隶非楷,非古非今,俗称“板桥体”。他的作品单个字体看似歪歪斜斜,但总体感觉错落有致,别有韵味,有人说“这种作品不可无一,不可有二”。
从局部细节来看,大致有以下思路:
郑板桥书法,“用隶书参以行楷,非隶非楷,非古非今”,启示人们要“善于借鉴”,学会融合;“作品单个字体看似歪歪斜斜,但总体感觉错落有致, 别有韵味”,提示我们要注重个体与总体、局部与整体关系的和谐,即“和谐就是美”;而“这种作品不可无一,不可有二”,则揭示出任何事物唯有 “彰显个性”,具有鲜明的个性特色,方能体现其价值、立于不败之地的真理。
六、倾向揣摩法
面对材料作文,不少考生因未能真正吃透材料,熟练掌握审题立意、观点提炼的方法,时常造成所提炼的观点与材料若即若离,甚至南辕北辙,即使你的文章结构再严谨、论证再充分、事例再丰富、语言再优美,也只能是“瞎子点灯白费蜡”了。可见,材料作文的观点提炼,至关重要。
那么,如何才能吃透材料,紧扣材料,选好角度,确立一个具有相当新意、深意的观点呢?
七、多向发散法
有些材料作文的材料比较散。对于这样的材料,审题时可以采用多向发散的思维方法,围绕材料展开多角度立意。
示例
薛潭学讴于秦青,未尽秦青之技,自谓尽之。遂辞归。秦青弗止,饯于郊衢。抚节悲歌,声振林木,响遏行云。薛潭乃谢求反,终身不敢言归。
从薛潭角度,我们可抓住他 “学讴”、“未尽秦青之技”就“辞归”,得出“要谦虚”的启示;也可从他意识到自己远未学到老师的本事而 “谢求反”,总结出“要知错即改”的道理。从老师秦青的角度,我们可从他面对学生的自以为是,并未发怒,而是“弗止,饯于郊衢”,且“抚节悲歌,声振林 木,响遏行云”的不一般的举动中,受到启发:“教育要讲究方法”。
然而薛潭 “终身不敢言归”的做法值得商榷。倘若学生真的将老师的本事全部学到家的话,那又何必 “终身不敢言归”呢?我们完全可以理直气壮地另行拜师,博采众长。当然,提炼出多个观点后,应择优而作。
八、舍次求主法
有些材料作文的材料往往会牵涉许多人和事。因此,审题时要明确哪些是材料的主要人物或事件,哪些是次要人物或事件,并舍弃次要人物或事件,从主要人物或事件的角度审题立意。
示例
公交车靠站停稳后,车站上一位妇女为抓紧时间,抱起原先站着等车的小孩上车。车上一青年乘客主动起身让座。抱小孩妇女谢过对方,放下小孩,笑笑 说:“小家伙刚会走路,还是让他自己站吧。”此刻,见两人互相谦让,无人入座,一旁的时髦少妇眼明手快,一屁股坐下,并大声招呼道:“囡囡,妈妈帮侬抢到 座位了。 ”
材料中共出现了三个“人物”。无论从让座青年角度提倡 “要助人为乐”,还是从抢座位的时髦少妇方面提出“要文明礼让”,似乎均无不可。然而从整个材料的重心、指向来看,应舍弃后两个次要人物,着眼点放在主角抱小孩的妇女身上,宜立意“尽早让孩子自立”。
九、求同存异法
此法对组合性材料作文尤为适宜。如果提供的组合性材料内涵是一致的,可以抽取其共同的、本质的内容,提炼出一个论点;如果提供的材料之间内涵不一致,甚至相差很远,那么应摒弃相异的面,寻找交叉、重合的点。
示例
丹麦人去钓鱼会随身带一把尺子,钓到鱼,常常用尺子量一量,将不够尺寸的小鱼放回河里。他们说:“让小鱼长大不更好吗? ”两千多年前,我国孟子曾说过:“数罟不入洿池,鱼鳖不可胜食也。 ”
一中一外、一古一今的两材料,告诉我们的是同一个道理:在急功近利、异常浮躁的当今社会,务必“要有远见卓识 ”。
十、互补完善法
示例
①佛罗伦萨诗人但丁的名言:“走自己的路,让别人去说吧! ”
②波兰谚语:“常问路的人不会迷失方向。 ”
材料①“走自己的路”强调要有坚定的信念;材料②“常问路的人不会迷失方向”是讲走路时要有虚心求教的精神,要听从他人指导。两者孰是孰非?两 者具有很强的互补性,若将两者结合起来,就既全面又合理。因此,可以提炼这样的观点:只有既有“走自己的路”的坚定信念,又有“常问路”的虚心精神,才能 走好自己的人生之路。
当然,材料作文审题立意的方法还有很多,而各种方法也并非孤立的,可能互有交叉。若在具体的审题立意过程中能灵活地综合运用,效果则更佳。
篇5:做好话题作文的写作及文体选择的技巧
全文共 2340 字
+ 加入清单一、什么是话题作文
话题作文这种命题形式,最先出现在1999年的高考中。这种开放性的命题方式给学生提供了较充分的写作自由,因而受到考试命题者和广大考生的青睐;所以从1999年“假如记忆可以移植”,到2000年“答案是丰富多彩的”,从2001年“诚信”,又到2002年“心灵的选择”,连续4年全国高考作文都是话题作文的形式。由于其具有开放性强,比较符合现代选拔人才的需求的特点,因而一问世就受到社会各界的肯定。目前,话题作文正日益受到广大老师和同学的重视,已经成为高中生日常作文训练的一项重要内容。
1.话题作文命题的结构
话题作文的命题分三个部分:话题前的材料或提示语、话题、写作要求。材料或提示语用来引出话题,话题提供写作范围,写作要求是对内容、文体、字数等方面提出的具体要求。请看2001年全国高考作文题:
材料:
有一个年轻人跋涉在漫长的人生路口上,到了一个渡口的时候,他已经拥有了“健康”、“美貌”、“机敏”、“诚信”、“才学”、“金钱”、“荣誉”七个背囊,渡船出发时风平浪静,说不清过了多久,风起浪涌,小船上下颠簸,险象环生。艄公说:“船小负载重,客官须丢弃一个背囊方可安渡难关。”看年轻人哪一个都不舍得丢,艄公又说:“有弃有取,有失有得。”年轻人思索了一会儿,把“诚信”抛进了河里。
寓言中“诚信”被抛弃了,它引发你想些什么呢?
话题:请以“诚信”为话题,写一篇作文。
要求:
(1)这个话题的内容是很宽泛的,作文内容只要与这个话题相关,都符合要求。
(2)文体不限。可以记叙自己或他人经历的事情、编述故事(包括小小说、童话、寓言、戏剧)、发表议论、抒发感情等等。
(3)无论是写记叙文(包括小小说、童话、寓言、戏剧)还是写议论文不得少于800字。
2.话题作文的基本特点
自拟题目、自定立意、自选文体是话题作文的三个基本特点。这三个特点为话题作文的写作提供了广阔的空间。
(1)可以自由地选择自己熟悉的素材,从感受最深的一点出发确立主题,说出自己的心里话。比如“诚信”这个话题,可以围绕历史上有关诚信的故事来写,如古人一诺千金的故事;可以围绕现代社会中与诚信有关的事情来写,如国外的产品召回制度;可以围绕现实中不讲诚信的事情来写,如假冒伪劣产品;可以联系自己身边的事来写,如考试中的作弊问题。同学们请看,在话题作文这种命题形式下,你可写的东西是不是很多呢?可发挥的空间是不是很大呢?
(2)可以自由地选择自己擅长的文体,你不只可以写记叙文、议论文,还可以写一个童话、一个科幻故事,可以写一篇日记、一封书信,还可以写一个短剧、一则新闻、一篇采访记等等。在近两年的高考中,考生的文体选择可谓异彩纷呈,出现了不少很有创意的佳作。
(3)话题作文写作的自由度虽然很大,但也有其限制性,同学们必须在话题的范围内写作,超出范围就属跑题。比如“假如记忆可以移植”这个话题,就要求我们应该写在这一假定前提(“记忆可以移植”)下可能发生的事情或问题,如果你写记忆移植绝对不可能发生、或者写情感可以移植就属于跑题了。
二、话题作文不能忽视审题
话题作文的写作空间很大,降低了审题难度,有些同学就认为话题作文的审题不重要,不需要重视了。其实不然,每次考试话题作文都会有跑题、偏题的文章,而且题目审得好不好对能否写好作文至关重要。审题时我们自然要从话题作文命题的三个部分人手:
1.审话题
审话题要注意两点:审出话题丰富的内涵及审清话题中的限制。
(1)审内涵:有许多话题包含了很丰富的内涵,深刻理解话题内涵,对我们写作话题作文、打开思路有很大的帮助。一般来讲,内涵包括本义和引申义两层。
以话题“珍宝”为例,珍宝的本义指的是珠玉等宝物,如果单从这一点来立意,可写的东西很少;但我们若考虑到“珍宝”的引申义,思路一下子就打开了:对一个国家或一个组织来说,良好的制度是珍宝;对一个单位来说,人才是珍宝;对个人来说,珍宝的含义更是丰富多彩,有人把金钱视为珍宝;有人把时间视为珍宝;有人把品质视为珍宝;有人把事业视为珍宝;有人把家庭视为珍宝;有人把感情视为珍宝;有人把快乐视为珍宝……显而易见,从“珍宝”的引申义来立意,不仅容易写,而且文章还能写得有深度、有新意。
(2)审限制:知道哪些是话题范围以内的,哪些是话题范围以外的,这样我们在写作时才能扣紧话题,避免跑题、偏题。
下面是两条具体的注意事项:
①准确理解话题,才能把写作范围搞清楚。例如话题“诚信”,其含义是诚实守信,我们就不能只写诚实,如果写狼来了这种故事,或写同学犯错误后大胆承认显然就偏离了题意。
②抓住话题中的关键词语,有助于理解话题。例如话题“战胜自己”,其关键词是“自己”,我们就不能写成战胜困难,比如写做实验时缺乏器材,同学们如何在老师的指导下自制器材,终于战胜了困难,这样写无疑就跑题了。
2.审材料或提示语
认真审读话题前的材料或提示语,有助于我们理解话题和打开思路。
比如一道作文题目“偶像”,话题前有这样一段材料:
人们往往崇拜自己不熟悉的人和远离自己的人,因为这会有一种神秘感。而神秘感一旦消失,崇拜的情绪就可能淡化。
据说,耶稣在外游历了很长时间后,返回家乡布道。起初,人们为他的学问和智慧所叹服。当大家仔细一瞧,发现眼前这个口若悬河的人,原来不过是本地一个木匠的儿子,诚服钦敬之心顿减,立即变得不恭不敬起来。耶稣还是刚才的耶稣,乡邻却已不是刚才的乡邻了。
这段材料能帮助我们理解话题,找到思路。耶稣的故事说明偶像是靠距离、神秘感等维系的,而这些维系条件一旦消失,可能偶像就不复存在了。同学们可以顺着材料提示的观点去进一步阐述,也可以逆向思考进行反驳,还可以挖掘其原因或结果进行深入分析。
3.审要求
看清话题后的写作要求,弄清在内容、文体、字数方面有哪些具体的限制再下笔作文。
篇6:小学说明文的写作技巧
全文共 2417 字
+ 加入清单导语:我们在写作的时候说明文有什么样的写作技巧呢?以下是小编为大家分享的小学说明文的写作技巧,欢迎借鉴!
说明文,即用来解释或说明事物、理论、方法、过程或某种抽象概念的文章。说明文的基本目的就是说清楚。也就是说,要让人看了文章后对文章中解释或说明的对象有清晰明确的认识。这就决定了说明文的基本特征是客观和科学。
说明文首要的一点是明确说明的 对象,然后用准确的语言,结合多种说明手法对之进行介绍和描述。常用的说明手法有下定义、分类别、作比较、引资料、举例子、列数字、画图表等。下定义,即给要说明的对象下一个明确的定义。如博物馆的定义就是征集、保藏、陈列和研究代表自然和人类的实物,并为公众提供知识、教育和欣赏的文化教育机构。分类别是将要说明的对象按照某种标准划分类别,以帮助读者对事物的理解。如电视机,可以分为彩色电视机和黑白电视机。作比较,即将这种事物与那种事物比较异同,从而更清楚地说明事物的特点。如将城市和乡村作比较,将大学和幼儿园作比较等。作比较的时候一定要注意比较的事物之间应当具有可比性,不能生拉硬扯,也不能不尊重客观事实,胡乱比较。为了说明某种事物的特点,有时候需要介绍它的背景、原理、历史等,这时就要用到引资料这种手法。比如我们要对长城进行说明,适当地引用一些历史文献,就更有助于今天的人们了解长城的历史,从而加深对长城中所蕴含的民族精神的认识。在复杂说明文中,列图表具有不可替代的优势。大量的数据、冗长的叙述、复杂的相互关系等,都可以通过图表得到直观的表达。
按说明的对象不同,说明文可分为事物说明文和事理说明文。前者着重在于说明的成因、构造、形状、用途等,后者则重在说明事理。这两类说明文常用的写作手法也有一定的区别。比如事物说明文重在说明事物的物理特征,常用的是下定义、分类别等说明手法,事理说明文重在说明事物的逻辑特征,地要用到引资料、作比较等说明手法。但时候,在同一篇文章中,几种说明手法都要用到,相辅相成,互为补充。
如何使说明文物理并重、形神兼备的呢?首要的一点是观察。说明文写作的前提是对要说明的事物非常熟悉。要做到这一点,就要养成认真观察、深入了解的习惯:
观察要有针对性。要带着问题观察,而不是走马观花、浮光掠影。最好能在观察前列出观察提纲,观察时要记笔记、画图标。要善于提出问题。
观察时要分清主次。这就要求我们注意观察的顺序。观察有概括性观察和特写性观察之分。前一种方法有助于抓住事物的概貌,后者则利于把握观察对象的细节和特征。由概括到特写、由全局到局部,是观察的一般原理。
观察重在事物的形。要想传神,写出事物的内涵、原理等,则需要有很好的查阅资料、作调查的能力。比如我们要写一篇文章来说明洛阳牡丹。在写好它的形状、颜色、品种之外,如果能够考察一下洛阳牡丹的来历、其中的牡丹名品在培育中的科学原理,这篇文章就会有说服力,使读者更深刻地认识到洛阳牡丹的文化特色。这就要求我们具备相当的知识积累、广阔的知识面和优秀的调查能力。作为小,应当从小注重积累知识和调查能力的训练。比如通过剪报、记笔记、上图书馆和阅览室等途径来有意识地训练自己。
写作说明文还要注意说明的顺序。有合理的顺序,文章才能条理清晰,让人看得明白。说明顺序一般有三种,即空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序。间顺序一般有从上到下、从左到右、从前到后、从远到近等。时间顺序一般有从古到今、从过去到现在等。 逻辑顺序有从现象到本质、从原因到结果、从主要到次要、从整体到部分、从概括到具体等。什么是合理的顺序呢?这要根据人们认识事物的过程以及说明对象本身的特征、规律而定。说明事物的形状、构造等,往往以空间为顺序;说明事物的成因、方法,往往以时间为顺序;说明事物的事理,往往以逻辑关系为顺序。
当然,大多数说明文会综合使用多种说明顺序。因此,在写作时,我们要合理地安排好说明顺序,理清说明文的结构层次。常用的结构层次有并列式、层进式和总分式三种。比如我们以“水”为题目进行写作,可以先写水的外形特征,再写水的分类,然后写水的用途,这是并列式的写作层次。我们也可以先写水的外形,再写水的成因,最后写水给人类带来的利与害,这是层进式的结构层次。先概括水的用途和特征,再一一细述,就是总分式。
说明文的特点
说明文是一种对事物作客观说明的一种文体,目的在于给予读者知识。中学生对说明文的写作最感头痛,往往举步维艰。其实,说明文的写作并非像同学们所害怕的那样,只要理顺了头绪,把阅读说明文和写作说明文结合起来,以阅读课文为写作借鉴的范例,多观察、多分析、多练习,就能逐步学会选用恰当的说明方法,正确而有条理地说明事物的特征
第一,要写好一篇说明文,首先得分清说明文和记叙文的区别。说明文的写作是授人以知,让人明白,记叙文写作目的是以情感人、让人动情。说明文只是说明事物的特征,阐明原理,介绍知识,说明是手段。说明文与议论文的区别,主要在于说明文的目的主要是说明,议论文的目的则主要是说理;说明文要求把实体事物或抽象事理本身的情况说清楚,议论文则要求提出个人对议论对象的看法或主张
第二,要完成一篇说明文,须将说明文的特点烂熟于心。说明文的特点主要有说明性、知识性、科学性、实用性。只有很好地掌握了说明文的这些特点,才能将说明文写好
第三,须将说明文的类型分清楚,如果从内容上而言,说明文可分为事物说明文和事理说明文,如果从表达方式上分,可以分为平实说明文和科学小品文事物说明文:以具体事物为说明对象,将事物是怎样的作为说明重点,对事物的状态、性质、功能、构造、发展变化等特征,进行科学说明。事理说明文:以事物的发生,发展变化以及相互联系的成因等为说明对象的说明文,说清怎么样和为什么,使人不仅知其然,还要知其所以然平实性说明文:是指用平实、简洁、明白的语言对事物的外形,内部结构,功用及种属关系加以较客观的说明,用词造句一般不带感情色彩和主观倾向,很少使用描写,更少使用修辞手法。
篇7:精选往年高考作文指导
全文共 787 字
+ 加入清单山不思欲比天高,终巍峨万载,与日月争光。
水不思欲比月秀,终悠悠千岁,与天地同寿。
山水不思,只是默默积蓄,以泉流,凭垒土,这是自然赋予芸芸众生的智慧,人也如此。放空思绪,只放手一搏,铸就伟业。
就像演活了桃姐的叶德娴。“她没有在演,她就是那个人。”诚然,这是局外人对演员演技的最高褒奖。忽略剧中人物的身份,不管结果如何,她专注于一颦一蹙,忘却导演的地位,她致力于寸步之行。
把心思空出来,忘却知名度,忘记自己,叶德娴终成最佳演员。
就像格莱美赢家阿黛尔,“我坚信,歌声是用来让耳朵听的。”面对人们反对她外表的苛责,面对人们对她歌喉的质疑,她一曲高歌,清秀的声音如天籁,洞穿美国历史,民众为之叹服。把心空出来,专注于自己的歌,阿黛尔终成天光,射穿长空。
空心是智慧,它并非让你忘却所有,而是腾空思绪,以一种全神贯注去攻坚突围。牵绊太多,为外在拘禁,终不能放手去做,而抱憾终生。无数铁证为此辩驳。
还记得那个走钢丝的人。技艺的娴熟,演戏的力度,最终未能保全性命。当那天观者如潮,他将太多的重压施与身心,便如同舞者被束缚镣铐,举步维艰。人们惊异于他的事故,也留下不尽慨叹。
还记得那些名家,满怀期许,义愤填膺,在一举成名后赚尽耳目,却又为何沾染世俗的污水,亦步亦趋,为读者为欢迎,出卖灵魂,活在受人摆布的世界里。
正是由于对价值对世俗的过于考虑,让这些人为外界束缚肉体,再信手用肉体捆绑灵魂,最终一事无成,风生水起之余,只留下几声轻轻叹息。
无论获奖前还是获奖后,莫言依旧是莫言。他称“莫言还是农民的儿子”,或许,他一直都这样,不以大师自居,像水一样平实。以一种平和心境,以一种两空的情愫,去完成一个个关于母亲,关于生命,关于家乡高密的故事。倘若当初他只为获奖而作书,恐怕诺奖到来中国要迟上好多年。
林清玄的“我们要以全心来绽放,以花的形式来证明自己的存在”告诉我们,空心,只动手。尔后,是柳暗花明。
篇8:高考英语满分作文OutofSchool走出学校
全文共 4102 字
+ 加入清单Now more and more children in the countryside are out of school. One of the reasons is that their parents havent much money to afford their school. They have to stay at home to earn money to support their families. What a pity! And another reason is that many parents think it is useless for girls to study and they would not like them to go to school. On the other hand, some children are not interested in their lessons and would not like to go to school.
I think all the children, including girls, should have the right to receive education. We have the duty to lend them a hand when they are in trouble. All the people should pay attention to the education of children who will play a very important part in the future of our country.
现在,越来越多的农村孩子失学了。一个原因是因为他们的父母没有很多的钱供他们上学,他们不得不在家里赚钱养家。太可怜了。另外叶个原因就是很多家长都认为读书对女孩子没用,所以不让她们读书。另一方面,一些孩子对功课不感兴趣,不愿上学。
我认为所有的孩子(包括女孩)都有权利接受教育。我们有义务在他们困难时伸出手来帮助他们。人们应当重视孩子的教育问题,因为他们对国家的未来将起到非常重要的作用。
Now in the country areas, there are more and more children out of school. The reasons vary. First, many of the parents are too poor to send their children to school and children have to stay at home to get money to support their families. Second, many parents think it useless for girls to study and they would not like them to go to school. Finally, some children are not interested in their lessons and would not like to go school.
I think children are the future of our country and all the children including girls should have the opportunities to receive education. Knowledge can change the life of a person. I hope more attention will be paid to the solution of the problem, because children will play a very important part in the future of our country.
现在在农村,越来越多的孩子失学了。造成这种情况的原因很多。首先,许多父母太穷了,无法送他们的孩子上学,孩子们不得不在家赚钱养家。另外一个原因是很多家长都认为读书对女孩子无用,所以不让她们读书。最后一个原因是有些孩子对功课不感兴趣,不愿上学。
我认为孩子是国家的未来,所有的孩子(包括女孩)都应有机会接受教育。知识能改变人的命运。我希望人们应更重视孩子上学问题的解决,因为他们对国家的未来将起到非常重要的作用。
成人教育的繁荣 A Boom in Adult education
A Boom in Adult education
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Boom in Adult Education. You should write no less than 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.现在许多成年人都利用业余时间去大学或夜校读书
2.出现这种成人教育热的原因是……
3.结论
范文:
A Boom in Adult Education
Every Tuesday and Friday evening sees Miss Li, my neighbor and a secretary in a company rush home after a hard days work, gulp down her meals and then hurry out to catch the bus for her English class. Miss Lis case is not unique, and now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college.
There are a number of reasons for people to go back for their education. Some people, like Miss Li, are doing it to acquire another degree or diploma to impress the society. To them more knowledge, or rather, more credentials means more opportunities for better jobs and quicker promotion.
Other people, especially those who are laid off or out of employment go to vocational school to prepare to return to the job market. They are eager for new skills so that they can be qualified for the jobs in retail trade, administration, education and other service categories to which they are strange because most of them were blue-collar workers in the factory.
There are also people who come to take such courses as Chinese traditional medicine, painting, calligraphy and photography. As their working weeks decline people begin to have time to fulfill their old dream of their hearts desire.
Out of necessity or out of interest, people go back to school for the common goal——to improve themselves, and this boom in adult education, in turn, helps to raise the intellectual standard of the whole country.
成人教育的繁荣
每个星期二和星期五晚上看到李小姐,一天的辛苦工作之后,我的邻居,在一个公司赶回家,一个秘书,吞下她吃饭然后赶紧去车上她的英语课。李小姐的情况并非独特,现在越来越多的城市成年人度过他们的业余时间,试图提高自己在学校或学院。
有很多理由可以为他们的教育。有些人,如李小姐,都在做这件事来获得另一个学位或文凭来给社会留下深刻印象。对他们更多的知识,或者说,更多的证书意味着更多的机会,更好的工作和更快的晋升。
其他人,特别是下岗或失业的人去职业学校,准备回到就业市场。他们渴望新的技能,使他们能够胜任在零售行业,管理,教育和其他服务类的工作,他们是奇怪的,因为他们大多是蓝领工人在工厂。
也有人前来参加中国传统医学、绘画、书法、摄影等课程。当他们工作周的时候,人们开始有时间来满足他们对他们内心的渴望的梦想。
出于必要或出于兴趣,人们为了共同的目标去上学,为了提高自己,而这一热潮在成人教育,反过来,有助于提高整个国家的智力水平。
篇9:高考英语满分作文:一封意见信
全文共 2862 字
+ 加入清单June 8th
Dear Haiqing,
I hear you are very unhappy these days because your parents can’t afford to buy you some brand-name shoes and garments you like very much. And I write you this letter to share with you what I think about this matter.
To begin with, beauty is just skin deep. Don’t you think it silly to pay so much attention to your appearance? He is a shallow person who judges others by their appearance; in the same sense, he is a shallow person who thinks that a brand-name garment can add to his glamour. So please, just forget about those brand-name things. What really matters is not whether you wear brand-name shoes or garments but whether your clothes fit you. As a student, you have to wear the school uniform on the weekdays and to be honest, you look very smart in it. Then why do you have to bother to buy the expensive brand-name things?
Secondly, I know your parents are both average workers. Hard as they work, they don’t earn much. Despite this, they do their best to give you a lot of things on demand. Look at the callus on their hands and wrinkles on their faces, how can you have the heart to ask for more than they can afford, which will surely break their hearts? Remember, parents don’t owe us expensive summer camps; they don’t owe us Sony Walkman; nor do they owe us Nike shoes, If you really want those fancy things, you should take a part-time job to contribute to their purchase rather than ask your parents for money to add to their already heavy burden. Don’t you think so?
Thirdly, we have such a wide variety of things available these days which are both nice and inexpensive. What’s the point of paying much more for those brand-name things that are not much better? My friend, take my advice, and you’ll be a wiser consumer as well as a more considerate child to your parents.
Poverty, sometimes, is a good thing. It can test a person’s character and it makes a man out of a boy faster than anything else. Keep working hard, and you are bound to be able to afford those things in the near future. Now you may as well focus on your study. Anyway, wouldn’t it be funny for a would-be achiever to be so preoccupied with brand-name things all day long?
Keep in touch.
Yours
Huangping
6月8日
亲爱的海青,
我听说你现在很不高兴因为你的父母买不起你一些名牌鞋和你非常喜欢的衣服。我给你写这封信与你分享我的想法。
首先,美丽只是表面的。你不觉得这么多关注你的外表很愚蠢吗?他一个肤浅的人通过他们的外表来判断他人;在同样的意义上,他是一个肤浅的人认为名牌衣服可以添加到他的魅力。所以,请忘记那些名牌的东西。真正重要的不在于你穿名牌鞋子或衣服但你的衣服是否适合你。作为一名学生,你必须穿校服在工作日,老实说,你看起来非常聪明。然后你为什么要费心去买昂贵的名牌的东西?
其次,我知道你的父母都是普通工人。他们努力工作,也挣不了多少钱。尽管如此,他们尽自己最大的努力给你很多东西。看看愈伤组织手上和脸上的皱纹,你怎么能忍心要求超出他们的承受能力,这肯定会打破他们的心?记住,父母不欠我们昂贵的夏令营,他们不欠我们索尼随身听;他们也不欠我们耐克的鞋子,如果你真正想要的那些花哨的东西,你应该采取兼职工作有助于他们的购买,而不是向你的父母要钱增加了沉重的负担。难道你不这样认为吗?
第三,我们有各种各样的东西可用这些天既好又便宜的。有什么意义的付出更多的那些名牌的东西不是更好吗?我的朋友,听我的劝告,你会是一个明智的消费者,以及一个更体贴的孩子你的父母。
贫困,有时候,是一件好事。它可以测试一个人的性格,速度比什么都快。继续努力,你一定会在不久的将来能够买得起这些东西。现在你可以专注于你的学习。无论如何,一个潜在成功者,整天专注于名牌的东西不是很有趣的呢
保持联系。
你的
黄平
篇10:小升初英语写作注意事项:写作须重技巧
全文共 729 字
+ 加入清单原句:While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.
修改后:During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning. 原句:When you come to the second traffic light, turn right. 修改后:At the second traffic light turn left.
小升初英语写作技巧之二:删除诸如"who is"或"that is"之类的关系代词,变从句为短语,例:
句:The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.
修改后:The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.
注:把句中的"three parts"改用形容词来表达,节省了四个不必要的单词"which is written in"。我们经常可以将关系代词如"that"去掉,这只会引起最少的变动。
小升初英语写作技巧之三:剔除你不需要的单词,例:
Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call. 写完这样的句子后,你自己再读一遍,挑出单词"joint"和"telephone",注意删去不必要的词。
篇11:高考英语作文范文
全文共 10716 字
+ 加入清单写人:
1.Our English Teacher
Our English teacher, Ms Huang, came to our school in 1970. She has been an English teacher for more than 30 years. She works hard and has been a model teacher for many years.
She is kind and friendly to us after class, but She is rather strict with us in class. She always encourages us to speak and read more English. She often says, "Practice makes perfect."
She is good at teaching and tries her best to make every lesson lively and interesting. She often gives us slide shows, teaches us English songs and helps us to put on short English plays.
She is not only our teacher but also our friend. We all respect and love her.
Tomorrow she is going to attend an important meeting, at which she will be given a medal for her advanced deeds.
2.My English Teacher
Our English teacher, Mr. Wang, is a strongly built thirty-year-old man, who is often simply dressed. He has been teaching us English ever since he graduated from the English Department, Beijing Normal University in 1993. He devotes all his time and energy to teaching, often working late into the night preparing his lessons. He is capable of making his lessons lively and interesting, and all of us like his lessons. He is very strict with us but he shows us great concern. He offers us help whenever we need it. We all consider him not only as our good teacher but also as our close friend. We all respect and love him.
B.写物:
3. Our school
Our school is located at the centre of Beijing, It is one of the largest schools in the city with over 2,000 students and about 200 teachers. Our school subjects include politics, Chinese, English, maths, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology and so on. Most of us pay great attention to the study of English, Chinese and maths because they are very important subjects in the university entrance exam. We take special interest in English. We have spent much time on it, but we still find it difficult to learn the language well. In the afternoon when class is over, we enjoy staying at school for about one hour for some physical exercises before leaving for home.
4. My Home Village
My home village is a small one. Its in Yuxian county of Shanxi Province. Small as it is, its very beautiful.
There are many hills around my home village and they are more beautiful than some big mountains. In spring, we can fly kites which are made by ourselves on the top of the hills. The kites fly very high. In summer, the trees are green and the grass is green, too. It is green everywhere on the hills. There are so many wild apple trees on the hills. The wild applesare nice to eat. In autumn, the corns under and around the hills are ripe. So we eat them almost every day. In winter, when it snows, all the ground is covered with snow. We can play with snow and sometimes we eat the clean snow with sugar. In my hometown the sky is blue, the air is clean, the water is sweet and the people are very friendly. I love my hometown!
5.Changes in Our Life
Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life. Take my family for example. My parents contacted others mainly by sending them letters in the past. But now we call long distance at home. And once my parents listened to the radio for news and other information. But now we get the news by watching TV. Another big change is in my living conditions. When they got married about twenty years ago, my parents lived in a small room crowded with furniture. But now we have moved into a big new three-room apartment. In short, our life has become comfortable and convenient.
C.日记:
6.A Good Deed
Oct. 19th TuesdayFine
One afternoon, on my way home, I saw an accident: a car hit an old man!
I shouted to the pedestrians for help, but no one stopped. When the car driver saw this, he quickly closed the window Of the car and drove away. "What shall I do? The old man needs help." I thought.
At that time, a truck stopped and out came the driver. "Whats wrong with the old man, boy? What could I do?" the driver asked me. "Uncle, please help the old man. A car hit him and he is badly injured! "I said. "Well, dont worry. Let me take him to the hospital. the driver said.
A few minutes later, the driver took the old man to the hospital and I telephoned the police station. I told the whole story to the police and I also told them the number of the car. The police said to me, "Well done, boy! Leave it to us. He must be punished!" Then I went to the hospital to see the old man.
When I got home, it was 7:30. I think what I did was fight.
D.书信:
(1) 你堂兄建华在国外学习,你们经常用英文通信。他即将完成学业,不久前来信就是否回国工作征求你的意见。请根据下列提示回信。
1.建议他回国。
2.你的理由是:学有所用,就业容易;照顾父母。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.行文应连贯,内容应完整;
3.开头语已为你写好。
Dear Jian Hua,
I m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.
To Jian Hua
Dear Jian Hua,
Im very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago. I ve been thinking about the question you asked me. In my opinion, you should come back after you finish your studies abroad.For one reason, what you are studying is badly needed nowadays in China. It will be quite easy for you to find a good job. In fact, I know a few big companies in our city are hoping to employ people like you. For another reason, I think it will be much more convenient for you to look afteryour parents as they are getting old. Therefore, I think its a good idea for you to return. So what are you waiting for?
Best wishes;
Ming Hua
(2) 2005年春季
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你叫李宏,你校在为一批来自加拿大的交流学生征寻为期两周的住宿家庭。你有意申请,写封信说明你申请的理由。(包括所具备的条件)。
2005春季范文
Dear sir,
I hear that our school will welcome some Canadian students to stay with us for or two weeks. Students who want to invite them to stay can take part in it. I want to try.
First , my parents and I can speak English well. That benefits us to communicate with each other. Second, our house is big enough for he or she to stay. Furthermore , I live near the Huangpu River. It has a good view of Shanghai.
Last but not least , in my home, he or she will enjoy much China culture. My grandpa and grandma are good athandwriting. My grandma also has a good skill in Chinese painting.
I think our friendly will give him a both interesting and comfortable experience.
Thank you for your reading during your busy work.. I hope that you will agree with me .
Yours sincerely,
Li Hong
(3) 假如你是王华,18岁生日后,真的有种长大成人的感觉。于是你想就父母对你的关怀和你今后的打算,以书信形式同爸爸妈妈谈谈。信的开头如下:
Dear Mum and Dad,
How are you doing ?
范文
Dear Mum and Dad,
How are you doing ?
I?m writing to you about my gratitude for your having brought me up and my future plan.
Dear Mum and Dad, I am already 18 years old, which shows that I have grown up. Whenever I am thinking of this, I can?t help feeling grateful to you . It is you who first give me encouragement when I meet with difficulties, especially when I am not getting along well with my studies. Indeed, your inspiration seems to be a lamp, which offers me light of hope,courage and confidence. And more importantly, you are always teaching me to be good to others, and try to contribute to our society.
Dear Mum and Dad, I an now a senior three student , who is facing the competitive national college entrance examinations, So first of all, I ought to try my best to pass the exams. I am sure that through my great efforts I can and will be able to realize my beautiful dream of being a key university student. Then, I will strive to be an independent youth. The social situation I will be facing must be more competitive, so I will develop and prepare myself to be a youth with a strong sense of cooperation and competition. Believe in me, Mum and Dad, I will make a difference.
Best regards to you .
Yours sincerely, Wang Hua
(4)求职信
Dear Sir or Madam,
I have learned from an advertisement that your company is in need of a secretary. I would like you to consider me for the position.
My name is Li Min. I am twenty-three years old. I am studying business management in Xiamen University. I will graduate this summer. I am familiar with computer operation and office softwares, which can help me do the office work very well. And I have learned English for ten years.In the past two years, I have been an editor for the English Paper of my department. My grades come out top in my department. Whats more, I like office work very much and I also think that I can be competent for the job.If I could have the opportunity to get the job I will be quite appreciative.
Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully
Li Min
E.说明文:
How People Spent Their Holidays
As can be seen from the table, great changes took place in the ways that people spent their holidays over the period from the year 1990 to 1999. The proportion of traveling abroad and camping was increasing steadily, from 12% to 24% and from 10% to 36% separately, while that of staying at home and going to the seaside was decreasing year by year, from 38% to 31% and from 40% to 9% separately. Why were there changes? I think people can nowadays afford traveling.Also, people prefer to pursue a high-quality and colorful life. So we can see that people's living standard has been rising greatly.
F.议论文
(1) 最近,你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是:公园要不要收门票?请你根据下表所提供的信息,给报社写一封信,客观地介绍讨论情况。
60%的同学认为:
1.不应该收门票
2 公园是公众休闲的地方
3. 如收门票,需建大门、围墙,会影响城市形象
40%的同学认为: 1.应收门票,但票价不要太高
2.支付园林工人工资 3.购新花木
注意:1.信的开头已为你写好。
2.词数:100左右。 3.参考词汇:门票---entrance fee
Dear editor,
I?m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. 60% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee do not meet people?s expectations, for a park is considered to be a place where the public can have a good time when they are not busy either at home or at work. If an entrance fee must be paid by the visitors for a park, it will be necessary to build a gate and surrounding walls. In the end a city will take on a bad look. 40% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee can be accepted, but it must not be too expensive. The money from ticket selling can be used for paying the gardeners in the park and buying some other kinds of flowers and trees.
With regard to myself, I think an entrance fee is useful, for it can be used to protect a park. Do we share the same opinion, dear editor?
Yours truly,
Li Hua
Dear editor,
I?m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. Sixty percent of my schoolmates are for the idea that an entrance fee should not be forced on the public. They believe parks are the place where the public enjoy themselves at their leisure. They think that a gate and wails are to be built if an entrance fee is to be charged. The city will not look so beautiful as it should
篇12:高考作文写作之素材使用技巧
全文共 3251 字
+ 加入清单一、特殊化,陈材新用
生活中的反常(特殊)现象,容易产生轰动效应。由此,如果作文也写一些“反常(特殊)现象”,既满足了“读者”的好奇心,又能拿到高分,何乐而不为呢?如2008年上海作文题是“他们”,不少学生都选取了城里农民工这一群体,可有一位考生却写农民工的子女,选材角度新颖,获得了该年度惟一的满分。这位考生的办法就是把素材中的“人”要素特殊化了,收效很明显。请看例子:
(1)我迷上了电脑——奶奶迷上了电脑(人物特殊化)
(2)我跟爸爸看表演——我骑在爸爸肩上看表演(方式特殊化)
(3)县长巡视保密室——县长被挡在保密室外。(事件特殊化)
(4)学校里响起了歌声——村头广场响起了歌声。(地点特殊化)
二、设细节,粗材妙用
不少考生要么感到自己生活平平淡淡,波澜不惊,实在不能求新求异;要么有了新鲜的素材,却因为表述笼统而不能打动人心。存在这些情况怎么办?将素材的闪光点用“慢镜头”语言充分展示,动人的细节自会传递出感人的力量地。写考试失利的文章很多,但多清汤寡水,无滋无味,看下面的例子:
苏格拉底喝下绿色的毒酒;伽利略软禁在不见天日的室内细细擦拭着望远镜;居里夫人在实验室吐出一口鲜血,染红了操作台……政治打压、宗教迫害、放射性毒素侵害……科学家们不顾这些,他们坚持真理,拖着历史的车轮向着正确的方向滚动。
这位考生没有罗列科学家们的成就,而是将历史人物放入特定场景,描述他们在困境中坚守之姿,当镜头语言在时空中横扫,我们油然而生对伟人的无限敬仰之情。
其实,“慢镜头”语言就是给历史人物创设一个场景——何时、何地、何景,人物在这样的场景中何为,尤其要将人物的动作和神情细致描绘。当笔力集中于此,寥寥数语亦足以动人心魄。
因此,平时作文中,在平凡平淡的素材中有意识地;加入这样的“芝麻虽小、香气扑鼻”的有趣的生活细节。就可以收到意想不到的效果。
三、善变通,一材多用
有一些素材看起来与文题关联不大,但如果善于变通,巧妙处理,完全可以成为文题合适的题材。因为一个感情材料,客观对象,都是多种规定的复杂的统一体,其内涵往往是多层的、多义的、多向的,都具有多层次开发、多角度利用的可能性。比如下面的素材就可以作多角度的开掘。
袁隆平:一生以水稻为伴,被称为世界“杂交水稻之父”的科学家,他是一位真正的耕耘者。当他还是一个乡村教师的时候,已经具有颠覆世界权威的胆识;当他名满天下的时候,却仍然只是专注于田畴。淡泊名利,一介农夫,播撒智慧,收获富足。他毕生的梦想,就是让所有人远离饥饿。喜看稻菽千重浪,最是风流袁隆平!
第一,从做事持之以恒的角度立意:再平凡的工作,只要用心去做并且持之以恒地坚持下去,就一定能做出伟大的成就。
第二,从探索科学真理的角度立意:要敢于挑战权威,只有如此,知识才能创新,科技才能进步,当然了挑战权威要具备非凡的胆识和学识,是能干而非蛮干。
第三,从品德修养的角度立意:无论名声有多大,都不能忘本,淡泊名利,痴迷于自己的追求,才会收获最大的财富。
第四,从人生目标的角度立意:人生要有远大的目标,要以天下为为己任,把服务于社会,服务于人类作为最大的幸福,这样的人生才是最完美的,这样的人物才是最风流的。
由此可见,同样一个材料,只要你取舍得当,挖掘得当,是可以适应许多不同的题目的。这里,关键看你会不会多角度多侧面地看问题,善于分析,善于化大为小,化虚为实。
四、细梳理,教材活用
有时候,为了写篇文章,可谓挖空心思,绞尽脑汁。静心想想,我们学了十几年的语文,写作文时真得就没有可用之材吗?其他渠道不说,其实在我们的语文课本里就有着丰富的资源。教材中的文章就像我们熟悉的朋友,可以经常阅读与品味,把这样的“朋友”运用于自己的作文里面,就有“近水楼台先得月”似的轻车熟路般的感受。其中很多文章是经典名篇,经典不但可以陶冶情操,常读常新,而且还蕴涵着丰富的作文素材。在我们的语文课本中,有“浪淘不尽”的“千古风流人物”,有“千里冰封,万里雪飘”的“北国风光”,有“千里澄江似练,翠蜂如簇”的“怀古金陵”;有李白的飘逸,有杜甫的沉郁;有苏东坡的豪放,有柳耆卿的婉约;有鲁迅的深刻犀利,有徐志摩的柔婉绮丽;有冰心的冰清玉洁,有舒婷的侠骨柔情;有莫泊桑的《项链》警示那些虚荣心极强的人悬崖勒马,有巴尔扎克的《守财奴》拯救无数陷入“孔方兄”的魔爪不能自拔的灵魂;有马丁?路德?金深沉的呼喊——《我有一个梦想》,有亨德里克?房龙真诚的呼吁——《宽容》……如此丰富的内容,为什么学生视而不见呢?我们以为,学好课本,疏通写作之源;利用课本,多角度写好作文;挖掘课本,加工课本,与高考[微博](课程)作文衔接,如果再辅以老师的身体力行,亲自下水,写一些示范作文,提高作文水平应当是可以期待的。看一段文字:
白露横江,水光接天,纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然。是你啊,旷达的子瞻,泛舟赤壁。你心中何尝不想“至君尧舜上,再使风流淳”?可你逃不了“乌台诗案”,你选择了黄州,造福一方百姓又何尝不好?“羽扇纶巾,谈笑间樯橹灰飞烟灭”,那雄姿英发的周瑜,你仰慕他,然而,你终是你,变人生的轨迹未尝不可?高歌“一蓑烟雨任平生”岂不快哉?
这是2009年安徽考生《抓住机遇,成就伟岸》中的文字,不说语言的流畅优美,但就素材的使用,《前赤壁》《赤壁怀古》,哪个不为我们熟知?语文课本就是一个蕴藏丰富素材的宝藏啊!
五、开茅塞,触类旁通
为了备战高考,考生要记忆大量的成语,而言简意赅的成语就是我们鲜活的素材库,将成语便素材,一举两得,何乐而不为?看一例子:
曾经才华横溢的江淹,让无数的后人为他的凋谢而惋惜。少时家境贫寒,江淹却勤于读书,苦于学习。优越的天赋与不懈的努力最终造就了他的文学成就。然而,声名鹊起动摇了他写作的原则。为了名与利,他不再用心属文,直至灵感消逝,文思减退。渐渐步入写作的低潮,终以“江郎才尽”名留文坛。
该考生将成语变素材,既可见其文学积淀,又显其考场机智,值得我们深思。很多成语就是一段悲欢故事,一个生动灵魂,像“卧薪尝胆”“握发吐哺(周公)”“高山流水”“韦编三绝(孔子)”“曳尾涂中(庄子)”“开天辟地(盘古)”“精卫填海”等等不可胜数。
我们还背诵了大量的诗文名句,为什么有些同学只想到用辛辛苦苦背诵的诗文名篇名句应对默写,却想不到将其用于作文。看一例:
所以你惊叹,榆柳萧疏交相掩映的阁楼上,孟郊在万籁俱寂的黑夜,看到了划破黑暗的嵩山白雪;所以你静默,明月入怀的夜晚,张九龄在清寒的夜露中看到天涯尽头的悠长相思;所以你悲伤,在阳光铺洒碎银的清晨,李商隐在镜中看到了流年偷换;所以你明白“看取莲花净,方知不染心”;所以你惊喜“正是客心孤迥处,谁家红袖倚江楼”……
引用诗句,列举诗人,既展示了非凡积淀,又让文字得染诗情画意。相信,每个同学都有丰富的诗文素材。
六、吐心曲,倾情表述
文章特别是散文要以情动人,但材料的表达不是空泛的抒情,而是把深沉蕴藉的情感融注于笔端。很多学生习惯用第三人称陈述材料,而不涉及自己的主观感受,特别是对史料的使用,这种处理方式并不高明。其实,展开自己的心灵,让材料的再现和自我的情感发生化学反应,其间的涟漪更能激荡读者的共鸣。看一例:
每每独坐斗室,吟哦着陶令“结庐在人境,而无车马喧”时,我的心会立即变得水晶般明净,充满了恬然;每每在寒食端午,想到甘心自焚于烈火中的介子推与那正值盛年却投身汨罗的三闾大夫枯槁的身形时,我的心会猛然紧缩,任泪水在一阵阵刺骨的痛中注满眼眶;每每失意之时,瞥见案头张载的那“为天地立心,为生民立命”的豪言时,我那濒临破碎的意志又会慢慢变得坚强起来……
把史料与自己的感受有机地结合在一起,收到了强烈的表达效果,我们可以从中感受到一个有追求、能担当的青年的强烈的心声。丰富真挚的情感为文章增色不少。
由此可见,当我们贴近这些材料中的人物的心灵,用文字表达他们的喜怒哀乐,这些材料就不再是冷冰冰的或陈旧的印记,而是存在于生命长河的锦缎华彩,它们有质地,有光泽,它们有血有肉,它们有温度,有气质。
篇13:高考英语写作必背的180个句式
全文共 29238 字
+ 加入清单导语:冰冻三尺,非一日之寒,练习英语写作也是一样,三天打鱼两天晒网是不行的,必须得持之以恒的练习,才会有进步。下面是yuwenmi小编为还在备考的同学整理的优秀英语素材,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!
1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.
许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful
effects of international tourism.
应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。
10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。
13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。
16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.
没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。
22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。
26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
从这几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。
27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。
28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
这是一个关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。
29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
我同意后者,有如下理由:
30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。
31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。
32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减少,自行车可能会消亡, 然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。
33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
环境学家指出:持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。
35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。
36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
尽管自行车有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。
37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。
38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。
39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。
40. This issue has caused wide public concern.
这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
必须指出学习只能靠自己。
42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.
许多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。
43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:
44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。
45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。
46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。
47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。
49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
对大多数人来讲,退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。
51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.
对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的争论。
52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。
53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day
近几十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。
54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。
55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。
56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
现在,越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。
57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less
laborious.
人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。
58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.
同时,随着这些机器带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。
59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.
第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。
61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.
根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。
63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.
通过以上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。
64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.
近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。
65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.
许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。
66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.
但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。
67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:
就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下:
68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.
另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。
69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.
由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。
70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.
近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。
71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.
这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。
72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。
73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.
首先,额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后,从事一些体育活动,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。
74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.
孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。
75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。
76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.
而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。
78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。
79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.
现在,父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。
81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。
82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.
然而,这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,他们指出,孩子总是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的。
83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.
尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力,但是必须承认,与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比,他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。
84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论:尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。
85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.
应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园,这将对孩子,家庭,甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。
86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.
只要一提起艺术和文化项目,一些政府领导就会兴奋不已,他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中,没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。
87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.
这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上,基础设施建设非常重要,应该放在首位。
88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客,这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。
89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.
然而,很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。
90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.
通过以上讨论,我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面,基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。
91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.
那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点,将会付出他们无法承受的代价。
92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.
农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。
93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.
一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术。
94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.
必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。
95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。
96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.
许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。
97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.
建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。
98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.
总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.
尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。
100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.
我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。
121. on the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.
一方面,寄宿学校正在发挥越来越重要的作用,尤其是最近几年,这是无可争辩的。
122. students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.
离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性
123. whats more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.
而且,生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间,这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。
124. on the other hand, the contribution of day schools cant be ignored.
另一方面,日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。
125. due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.
因为较高的学费,大部分普通家庭支付不起他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。
126. since it is unnecessary to consider students routinelife, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.
由于无需考虑学生的日常生活,日制学校可以将重点放在教学上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理这些方面。
127. furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.
而且,学生生活在自己家中,有舒适的生活,并有更多机会和父母交流,这对他们个性的培养是有利的。
128. from what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论,寄宿学校和日制学校对我们社会培养年轻学生都是重要的。
129. there is much discussion over science and technology. one of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.
关于科学技术存在许多争论,其中一个问题是当国家发展现代科学技术时,传统的技术方法是否可能会消亡?
130. as for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.
我认为,传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事,这是社会进步的自然结果。
131. in the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.
首先,传统技术方法有些部分是有害的,并且会阻碍现代科技的发展。
132. although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.
尽管现代科学技术已经证明了这些方法是愚昧的,然而在许多偏僻的地方,仍有成千上万的人们在使用这些方法。
133. in the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.
第二点,许多传统技术方法已经过时,应被现代科技所取代。
134. although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in peoples life, an increasingevidences show that it is less useful than many people think.
尽管许多人保持着传统观念,认为传统技术方法在人们生活中仍发挥着重要作用,但是越来越多的证据显示它并没有人们想象的有用。
135. from what has been discussed above, i firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. the maintenance of the traditionaltechnology and methods is futile.
通过以上讨论,我坚定地相信时间会证明传统技术方法将会随着现代技术的发展而消亡,坚持传统技术方法是徒劳的。
136. at the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.
当技术的发展意味着我们会吸入更多有害气体时,我们比任何时候更需要森林。
137. nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
138. we cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
139. there is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
无可否认,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
140. it is universally acknowledged that trees are
indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
141. there is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问,我们的教育制度令人不满意。
142. an advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。
143. the reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
144. so precious is time that we cant afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵,我们不能浪费它。
145. rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
虽然我们的国家很富有,但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。
146. the harder you work, the more progress you make.
你越努力,你越进步。
147. the more books we read, the more learned we become.
我们书读得越多,我们越有学问。
148. to average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that english often means a good opportunity for ones career, is this really the case?
对于一般人来说,他们常常以为掌握英语就意味着一份好的工作,然而这是真的吗?
149. by taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
通过体育锻炼,我们能够始终保持健康。
150. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.
听音乐能使我们放松。
151. on no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
152. it is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
153. those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。
154. there is no one but longs to go to college.
人们都希望上大学。
155. since the examination is around the corner, i am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃作运动。
156. it is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
157. summer is sultry. thats the reason why i dont like it.
夏天很闷热,这就是我不喜欢它的原因。
158. the progress of the society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
159. we should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我们应该让人们知道努力的价值。
160. taking exercise is closely related to health.
作运动与健康息息相关。
161. we should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
162. the condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
163. smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
164. reading does good to our mind.
读书对心灵有益。
165. overwork does harm to health.
工作过度对健康有害。
166. pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。
167. we should do our best to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
168. weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.
家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题,不仅是城里人,而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。
169. as is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.
众所周知,假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。
170. today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. in order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.
现在,愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ,我们每人都应该接受法制教育。
171. from what i have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on tv has great influence on youngsters behavior.
从上面我所提到的,我们可以清楚地看到,电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。
172. there are two reasons for the improvement in peoples living conditions. in the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.
人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先,我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次,国民经济正在迅速发展,而且出生率已经得到控制。
173. my suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. to begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.
我对解决这个问题的建议如下:首先,迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次,有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后,对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。
174. people differ in their attitudes towards failure. faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. others, however, lose heart and give in.
人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败,有人能够经得起考验,从失败中汲取教训,并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而,另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。
175. it is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.
人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。
176. as a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. on the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. people in many countries are suffering from public hazards.
常言道:事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面,科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。
177. lets take cars for example. they not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. the noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.
就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气,而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外,汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。
178. it is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.
普遍认为,在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升,还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。
179. there is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.
毫无疑问,需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。
180. additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
篇14:超实用的高考议论文写作技巧
全文共 3096 字
+ 加入清单议论文,分析事实,论证道理,当然要遵循一定的思维规律;这种思维规律反映在文章的外部形态上,就是具有一定体式的文章的结构。下面是小编为你整理的超实用的高考议论文写作技巧,欢迎阅读。
一、议论文的结构合体
议论文,分析事实,论证道理,当然要遵循一定的思维规律;这种思维规律反映在文章的外部形态上,就是具有一定体式的文章的结构。怎样写议论文才算“合体”呢?
一是根据议论问题的一般思维模式,应当是按“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”( 或曰“引论”、“本论”、“结论”) 三大块构成。“提出问题 ”即在议论文开头一般要鲜明地提出中心论点,“分析问题”即在文章的中间要围绕中心论点展开分析论证,“解决问题”即在文章的结尾部分或者得出综合性结论, 或者提出前瞻性希望等。这一点,众所周知,兹不赘述。
二是分析问题即本论部分,要按一定的向度分层展开论述。所谓“向度”即论述展开的方向。这个“向度”有四个: 是什么,为什么,怎么样,何果。一般情况下, 一篇中学生议论文作文,其本论部分只要从这四个向度中选择一个或者两个展开即可。但无论是从哪个向度展开, 其分论点之间都要形成一定的联系。一般来说,有并列式、递进式和对照式三种。
所谓并列式,就是围绕中心从同一个向度列出几个分论点,逐一论证。如果仅仅围绕一个向度写,那么几个分论点之间的关系大多是并列关系 .
递进式同并列式结构相比,除了论点之间的意义联系不同以外,其段落的结构模式与并列式相同,就不再说了。
所谓对照式,就是从论题的正反两个方面入手,进行正反对比论证得出结论。其优点是结构简洁,论证充分,容易上手。最简单的对照式是在提出观点后,一段从正面论证观点,一段从反面论证观点,最后得出结论。还有一种对照式结构是在正面进行论述或者摆出论据后,紧接着用转折或者假设的方式从反面展开论述。
二、思路入格
议论文是论述问题的,当然要有一定的思路,即议论文各部分之间要有必然的内在联系。我们知道,议论文是论证问题的,你在提出议论文论点后,就要摆事实,讲道理,让你提出的论点令人信服地确立起来。因此,中心论点和各分论点之间就应当是因果联系,即中心论点是“果”,分论点是“因”.这个因果联系就是议论文的思路之“格”.作为一个高中生的议论文作文,最起码要做到在中心论点和各分论点之间 ,论点和论据之间要有一定的因果联系。
学生提出中心论点后,只要围绕中心论点问一个“为什么”,就能找到提出分论点的方向。如中心论点是“只有坚守,才能使人的思想品德升华,才能成就一番事业”.稍加分析,就可发现这个观点是在说“坚守”的重要性,于是,分论点就要回答“为什么坚守很重要”这个问题。那么就可从“为什么”和“何果”这两个向度来立分论点。如“坚守是一种执着,使绝望变成希望”,“坚守是一种信念,使普通变得高尚”,“坚守是一种职责,使平凡变得伟大”.如果我们要检验这三个分论点和中心论点之间有没有必然的内在联系的话,只需在这三个分论点之前加上“因为”,在“坚守很重要”之前加上“所以”,再连起来念一下即可。
同样,分论点和议论文的论据之间,也应当是因果联系。如在“坚守是一种职责,使平凡变得伟大”这个分论点后面,就可这样展开论述:“边防战士的坚守,使国家安定祥和;人民教师的坚守,使桃李满天下;白衣天使的坚守,使病魔为之屈服。”又如在“自由是思想的漫飞”这个分论点下可以这样展开论述:“行动可以受制于客观现实,思想却永远享受绝对的自由。有了这份思想的自由,才有了集豪放与浪漫于一身的诗仙李白;才有了身陷囹圄还在感叹‘故国不堪回首月明中’的落魄后主李煜;才有了向往‘面朝大海,春暖花开’的天才诗人海子。总之,因为这份思想的自由,社会才会在其牵引之下不断地进步,才会创造出一个个永载史册的人类奇迹。”
三、粘连有术
一篇像样的议论文,除了议论文的结构合体、思路入格外,还有更重要的一个方面,就是对论点的恰当阐述和对论据的中肯分析;没有这样的阐述和分析,议论文论点论据就不能粘连起来,而这个粘连是有“术”的。
(一) 观点+过渡+事例+分析
这个步骤中最重要的是“过渡”和“分析”.所谓“过渡”就是要在观点和事例之间,用适当的词句来勾连,以接通文气,使观点和议论文材料在语言形式上畅通无阻。所谓“分析”,就是事例叙述完之后,还必须对事例进行适当的分析评论,指出其本质特点,使事例和论点在内容上联结在一起。
(二) 观点+过渡+论据+分析+归纳
这种议论文论证方式就是在第一种的基础上加了一个“归纳”.所谓归纳,就是从多个事例中提炼出必然性的东西。既然要从多个事例中提炼,那么,“论据”部分,就应是两个或三个以上。
(三) 一般道理+个别道理
即“演绎推理法”.前面的分析归纳是从个别到一般,而演绎推理法是从一般到个别,用普遍性的真理(论据)来证明特殊的论点的方法。
如果完成了以上三步走,大概就能写出像样的议论文了。
优秀范文:教育公平与分配正义
一组言简意赅的漫画,直指教育的核心目的,引人深思。漫画中,考过100分的优生因退步两分而受惩罚,而原只有55分的差生因考了61分而受到奖励。表面上是在讽刺当今教育的不公平,实则是在扣问教育的最终目的——培养精英或是鼓励差生?
我的回答是后者,教育的目的不应简单地以功利主义的结果论来裁决,而应以培养并激发普通人的潜能使之有能力追求更高的美以及更幸福的生活为宗旨。这就解释了为什么98分的优生考得比61分的差生好却遭到惩罚。因为教育的初衷是让他们突破自我的桎梏,而非同他人比较。
这组漫画在现实生活中的具体表现,莫过于今年沿海地区高校招生名额向西北内陆转移而引发的史上最大的家长维权活动。表面上看有能力考98分的考生无法获得优质教育资源,而仅仅只考61分的西北地区考生却能轻松上名校是一种不合乎逻辑的行为,是违背教育资源分配公平的行为。然而,细剖背后错综复杂的社会背景以及道德哲学的充分考量。我们必须承认:这是完全符合教育公平的原则以及分配正义的要求的。
西方哲学家罗尔斯在《正义论》中曾指出:“社会公平的基本原则就是分配正义。”这其中的“社会公平”涉及人类生活的各个方面。当然也包括教育公平的问题。当前中国高校优质教育资源紧张的情况下,政策的倾斜看似荒谬不合理,实则是为了最大程度上地维护教育公平分配正义。我们不能否认沿海考生的努力及成就,但受制于不同地区发展不均衡的影响,让沿海考生与西北内陆的考生同台竞技,无疑只会加剧教育资源分布不均和不同地域关系的紧张程度。因此,适当地“照顾”西北考生,是我国教育理念的一次提升和进步。这说明传统的“择优取士”已逐渐向现代教育理念靠拢——无论是考过100分的优生,还是只有59分的差生,卷面的分数已不再是衡量教育成效的尺度,卓有成效地挖掘每个个体内在潜能并赋予个体追求自我幸福生活的能力,才是教育的终极目的。而要达到“有教无类,因材施教”的理论高度,就必须努力推广教育资源的公平以及分配正义的理念,让不同水平的人,不论是100的优生还是55分的差生,能享有同样的机遇去发挥自我的潜能。当然,这并不意味着忽视优生的培养,只是在一套相对公平的体制下,每个个体都能因自我的突破而获得嘉奖和鼓励。也需要有人鞭策退步的人奋发图强,这才是真正的教育公平与分配正义。
亚里士多德曾言:“教育活动的全部意义就在于培养具有美德的公民。”惩罚98分的优生和奖励61分的差生,都应在于培养共和国的公民,使之具有更高级的道德追求,而不应一味鼓励高分而扼杀天性。教育公平与分配正义的理念应当体现在当前的教育活动中。如此,方能有道德完善素质良好的公民撑起共和国的大厦,推动中国崛起!
篇15:高考命题作文的写作指导
全文共 2678 字
+ 加入清单命题作文作为作文命题最原始的、最老实的作文题型,命题作文(现在也有人称之为“标题作文”)所占比重正逐年递升,这可以看作高考作文题在命制思路上的“有限回归”。有限的返璞归真,是对传统的尊重,也是训练多样化、题型多样化的必然。下面是小编为你带来的高考命题作文的写作指导,希望对你有帮助。
一、重视命题形式的小类:区别大同中的小异
命题作文,一直有“全命题”和“半命题”之分。半命题形式近几年没有出现在高考卷上,根据求异心理,很可能今后会出现。半命题中由考生自填的内容,分为“自由选填”和“限项选填”两种。除了注意不要把限项选填误认为自由选填而导致偏题外,无论是哪一种选填形式,都应该综合考虑文体要求、自身特长和个性写作资源等方面选填有利于自己最佳发挥的内容。
全命题形式也不是单一化的,而是可以从不同角度进行不同分类。不同的小类在写作中的操作注意点也不尽相同。
按字数,可分为独字题(此前的高考卷尚未出现,故近期出现的可能将更大,请予重视)、双字题(“包容”“自嘲”)、多字题(“北京的符号”“今年花胜去年红”);
按语言单位,可分为独词题(包括单音词和双音词)、语句题(包括短语和句子)。一般规律是:字数越少,外延越大,包容性越强;字数越多,内涵越丰,限制性越强。例如:“安”比“安全”包容性强,“安全”比“安”限制性强;“符号”与“北京的符号”,关系也是如此。明确这种区分,有利于准确把握写作的范围,既不作茧自缚,放弃选择自由;也不超限越度,导致偏离题域。
按词或语句的感情色彩,理论上说应该分为褒扬类(如“今年花胜去年红”)、贬抑类和中性类(此类最多,如“包容”、“自嘲”、“留给明天”、“人与路”),但从已出现的题目看,还未出现过贬抑类的,恐怕主要是因为此类文题的思路容易失之狭隘。此外,如直白类和寄寓类等分类,与话题作文基本相同,不赘。
按信息,可分为“光杆型”和“附料型”两类。
光杆型是指除了作文题目,没有其他信息,不附有任何引示性资料或解释性资料或兼有二者(不包括立意提示、字数、体裁等方面的规定或要求),如“请以‘留给明天’为题写一篇文章”。对于光杆型的题目,必须从不同角度对题目进行审辨,决不放过一字。例如,作文题“今年花胜去年红”,短短7字,语意简单。首先要懂得“花”“红”都是比喻,所谓“花胜去年红”,喻指一种气象、一种生活状态或者是个人的发展态势,等等。这句话的逻辑前提是:不是去年花不红,去年花已是够红的,只不过今年更红(如果把“去年花”写成了黑色,那就偏题了)。
“附料型”就是除作文题目外,还附有引示性资料或解释性资料。对于所附的资料,要充分合理地加以利用。解释性资料主要帮助我们理解概念,特别是一词多义的情况,一定要重视对不同义项的辨别,选择最有把握、最能发挥自身优势的那个义项构思。引示性资料作用更大,一般说来有三种作用:一是直接指示立意的基本方向。例如 “北京的符号”,题中“随着时代的发展,今后还会不断涌现出新的北京符号。保留以往的符号,创造新的符号,是北京人的心愿。”属于引示性资料,“随着”句指示了北京的符号也应该是与时俱进的,“保留”“创造”实际上指示了人们对“北京的符号”应取的态度。二是指示了写作的范围或角度,如以“自嘲”为题,引示性资料“每个人都可以自嘲,也可以评议他人的自嘲”,实际上告诉考生,不必局限于写考生自己的自嘲,也可以写别人的自嘲。三是有限提供构思路子。例如,同是“自嘲”的另一部分引示性资料“自嘲既是一种幽默的说话方式,也是一种心理调节手段,还是一种人生智慧的表现”,就涉及了自嘲的主要功能,如果写议论文,就可以将这三句话稍作转化,使之成为三个分论点:(1)自嘲可以增添交际语言的幽默色彩,(2)自嘲可以有效地调节心理,(3)自嘲可以展示自身的智慧从而树立良好形象。
二、看清文体限制
明确规定“唯一文体”即只能写一种文体的只有命题作文,这可以说是命题作文的一个特点吧。最近有部分省市的命题都只允许写议论文,这就要求我们审题时一定要看清文体限制,不能凭惯性“滑行”。据理推测,今后也很可能会出现只允许写记叙文的情况。因此,我们对命题形式的体裁限制要格外注意,记叙文和议论文这两种基本文体一定要练好。一般说来,记叙文的选材要有个性,力避平庸;思想要有深度,力避幼稚;语言要生动活泼,力避学生腔。议论文,重分析说理。如果停留于浅层面的公众话语上,很难写出特色。要尽可能多角度说理,追求丰富性和深刻性。
三、开拓构思空间:多维思考提升档次
开拓思路,无非是“扩大外延”和“丰富内涵”二途。如果从技法角度审视,不妨归纳为以下几种:
(一) 抽象文题具体化。如“包容”比较抽象,可以将之具体化为“包容××”,如“包容学术分歧”“包容批评意见”“包容各种风格”“包容错误”“包容伤害过自己的人”“包容自己的失误”“包容反对者”,等等。但不能想到的都写,而是要选择自己确实有话可说且能够说得丰富深透的。
(二) 具体文题抽象化。如“肩膀”本身是具体的,我们可以把它抽象为责任、承担、依靠(依赖)、支撑等。
(三) 感性文题理性化。如“今年花胜去年红”,很有诗意,构思行文固然应该体现诗性的优美,但也必须有理性的骨骼作为支撑,比如指出“新胜于旧”“后胜于前”是事物发展的总趋势等。
(四) 理性文题感性化。如“说‘安’”这个题目很平正,偏于理性,但如果要说得活泼、精彩,完全可以设计一些感性化的情境,比如病人躺着聊“安”,被暴警踢翻小摊的下岗者跪着求“安”,建筑工人悬吊着祈“安”,黑心煤矿的矿工为钱冒险弃“安”……
(五) 浅白文题深刻化。如“留给明天”,词俗意浅,但如果我们在“留”的内容和“留”的质量上多加挖掘,则可以写出超越常规构思的好文章来。如主张迅速建立文革博物馆,留给明天深刻的教训,应该是对“留”的内容的独特表述。同样是“留环境”,仅仅考虑蓝天白云青山绿水还不是最高质量的留,如果在此基础上还能留下崇尚人文和民主法治的软环境,那才是最高质量的“留”。
(六) 中性文题辩证化。例如“肩膀”是中性词,一般人都写“铁肩担道义”之类,其实也可以指出:肩膀,有“不能承受之重”,也可能有“不能承受之轻”,某些轻薄庸俗的人整天浑浑噩噩,不知生命的意义,活得是多么的轻薄啊!轻佻的人生最不能承受,因为他使自己也感到心虚,没有分量的承负是空虚的。还可以联系成语“胁肩谄笑”,其意思是“耸起肩膀,装出笑脸”,形容谄媚的丑态。“胁肩谄笑”者,徒有一副肩膀,它根本担不起一毫克的道德分量,里面找不到半两骨气,真正的大写的人决不会长一副无骨之“媚肩”的。
篇16:命题及半命题作文的写作技巧
全文共 2131 字
+ 加入清单临近期末,小编搜集了小学期末考试复习资料给大家,以下是命题及半命题作文的写作技巧,一起看看吧。
【复习要点】
1、了解命题作文与半命题作文的区别
2、掌握人物外貌描写与心理描写方法
3、学习一人一事与一人几事的写法;
4、掌握描写场面,记叙活动的方法;
5、掌握定点观察,描写景物的方法;
6、学会参观记、游记的写法;
7、掌握描写动物、植物和物品的记叙文的写法。
(一)写人
1、掌握人物外表描写的方法
要介绍一个人,首先要把这个人的外貌特征讲清楚。外貌特征,一般指人的长相、身材、衣着、动作、语言和神态。描写时,一定要写出人物的特点。所谓特点,就是这个人与其他人不同的地方。
2、掌握人物心理描写的方法。
比较细致地对人物的思想感情和内心活动进行描写,称为心理描写。心理描写,主要写人物的内心活动,即人物心里想些什么,尤其要写好莱坞人物在特定环境中的内心矛盾、斗争。心理描写有正面描写和侧面描写两种方法。
正面描写,也叫直接描写,这是常用的方法,一般有以下三种:
一是借用作者的笔让人物倾吐自己的思想,抒发自己的真情实感。常用在第一人称“我”身上,《十六年前的回忆》就是这种方法。
二是直接、客观地分析描写人物内心活动,对文章中的人物的思想活动及产生这种想法的原因等进行合理推测。如《穷人》一文就是这种方法。
三是用回忆或梦境、幻觉来寄托人物的情思。如《凡卡》中,凡卡只能借助回忆、梦境来表达内心情感。
侧面描写,也叫间接描写,主要借助环境、景物、天气等进行烘托。如《十里长街送总理》中的环境描写。
3、掌握一人一事的记叙文的写法。
一人一事是写作的基本功。用一件事写人,一定要弄明白“一件事”所包含的意思。用一件事写人,一定要把这件事情发生的时间、地点、人物和事情的起因、经过和结果都写清楚,对这件事的相关内容进行“插叙”或“补叙”,但要注意略写。
4、掌握一人几事记叙文的写法。
注意:一是所选的几件事都必须表现同一个人的同一个特点,不能一件事表现一个特点。二是所选的几件事最好不在同一个场合,内容不大同小异,应一件比一件深刻、深入。如《我的伯父鲁迅先生》中就讲了几件事,一件比一件深刻。
(二)叙事
1、掌握记叙一件事的方法。
所谓叙事,就是以完整地叙述一件事的发生、发展、结局来表达作者的思想感情的一种文体。要把一件事情写清楚,有三种方法:一是按事情发展顺序写;二是按时间的推移顺序写;三是空间位置的变换顺序写。无论按哪种顺序都必须交代清楚“六要素”。
2、掌握记叙几件事的方法。
记叙几件事必须围绕一个中心来写,不能几件事有几个中心。要写好文章,要注意几件事间的衔接、过渡。
3、掌握描写场面的方法。
要写好场面,离不开观察。观察时要有目的,有重点,有顺序。场面描写以“动”为主,要刻画特定环境中的活动,使整个场面有静有动、有声有色、形象真实而富浓厚的生活气息。场面有两种情况:一是自己参加进去的;二是自己看到的场面。描写场面,要有一定的线索,一定的顺序,常用以下几种方法:一是由主要的到次要的;二是定点观察,按空间顺序描写,按一定的方位顺序去表达;三是采用移步换景法,按自己活动的顺序去观察。
4、掌握记叙活动的方法。
活动是指有目的、有计划、有组织、有准备、有许多人参加的一系列行为的总称。记叙活动,开头也要和记叙文一样,先交代一下活动的时间、地点和人物,接着写活动的开始、经过和结果,重点是写活动的经过。
(三)写景状物
1、掌握定点观察、描写景物的方法。
写景状物就是指在观察的基础上,把自然景色或一些动物、植物、建筑物和其它物品描写,陈述出来的写作方法。
观察是写景状物的基础,观察时一定要确立好观察点,固定了观察点,对观察对象按一定顺序进行观察注意景物出现的顺序和变化。
观察时要讲求方法,写景顺序有四种:一是按景物方位来写,由远及近,由近及远,由里到外,由外到里,由上到下,由下到上等;二是按时间顺序写;三是按景物类别写;四是按人们认识事物的规律来写。
2、掌握参观记、游记的写法。
写这类文章要注意以下四点:
一是在文章的开头要简明扼要地交代清楚参观的时间、地点、人物、对象、目的。
二是一定要把参观的过程写清楚。 三是参观记结尾可谈点参观后的感受工收获。
四是要做到点面结合,既要突出“点”,又要用“面”作陪衬。
写游记时,要学会取舍材料。有特点或印象深刻的要详写,一般的景物要略写。
3、掌握描写动物、植物和物品记叙文的写法。
写好动物要注意四点:
第一、抓住动物的外形特征写;
第二、抓住动物的生活习性写;
第三、抓住动物鸣叫的声音写;
第四、写出动物与人的关系。
写好植物要注意:
第一、要着眼于各种植物特征;
第二、注意植物的形态、颜色、气味及生长变化情况;
第三、要按一定顺序来写;
第四、记叙植物随着生长环境的变化而发生的变化;
第五、可以运用拟人、比喻或想象等手法作动态描写。 第六、要带着感情去写。
写物品要注意以下四点:
第一、要细心观察,抓住物品的整体、局部、细节和特征;
第二、要写清物品的结构;
第三、要交代清楚物品的来历和用途;
第四、要融进对物品听感情;
4、掌握借景抒情和托物言志的方法。
要做到写文章景中含情,情中有景,情景交融,必须根据感情抒发的需要,选择最能表达自己感情的景物并抓住物点进行详细具体,生动形象的描绘。
篇17:中考英语作文的写作技巧
全文共 4677 字
+ 加入清单要写好英语作文,还要带着敏锐的目光细心地观察,注意英语中一些表达上的习惯。小编收集了中考英语作文的写作技巧,欢迎阅读。
一、要善于模仿
对大多数学习英语的同学来说,英语的词汇量、句式的积累还极其有限,远不能达到用英文流畅表达,挥洒自如的境地。在这一阶段进行创作是不合时宜的,如果非要创造,只能写出“long time no see”这样的文字来。因此,模仿是这一阶段的必经途径。
谈到模仿,一些同学的办法就是背一堆范文,然后再到考场上进行一个“剪切”、“粘贴”的工作,效果可想而知。这不是真正意义上的模仿,充其量算是默写课文。如何模仿呢?
首先,模仿的目标要明确。模仿的重点永远要放在一定的句式结构上,而非个别的词汇。道理很简单:一个词,随着文章内容的变换,可能就不能用了;而句式结构是放置四海而皆准的东西,适用的范围广,学来对写作的帮助也就明显。
其次,模仿的材料要地道。像新概念英语这样的教材就提供了很多原汁原味的英语表达法。盲目选择文章学习,记一些不中不洋的句子,以讹传讹,浪费时间。
最后,模仿要体现在实际动笔上。比如说,新概念第三册有一个句式说:“…for the simple reason that…”表示某种现象的原因是什么,用在大学英语考试中,我们就可以拿来解释为什么自行车在中国如此的流行,表达为:“the bicycle is very popular in china for the simple reason that…”。然而,很多同学经常背了这些句式不用,一谈到原因仍然是“…because…”,等等。
二、要灵活变通
在批改英语作文的过程中,经常能发现一些将中文生硬地翻译成英文的表达法。由于中英文之间的差异和词汇量、表达法积累的不足,出现难于表达的情况是十分正常的。关键问题在于如何处理。有一句话叫做“立志如山,行道如水”,套用在这个问题上就很合适。写英文作文,一定要有决心把它写好,有信心把意思表达清楚,这是“立志如山”;但关键是遇到问题时要有个灵活的态度,能像流水一样变通解决问题。
有个翻译界的故事说:在某大型国际会议的招待会上,一道菜是用鸡蛋做的。与会的客人问翻译:“what is it made of?”本来是非常简单的一个问题,结果翻译太紧张,忘了“egg”这个词,但是他急中生智,回答:“it is made of miss hen’s son.”这里,就是一个灵活变通的范例。绕道表达,是写作中应该常常运用的一种方法。
三、要细心观察
要写好英语作文,还要带着敏锐的目光细心地观察,注意英语中一些表达上的习惯。
比如说,在正式文体的写作中,很少用 “it isn"t”这样的略缩形式,而往往是一板一眼地写作 “it is not”。同理,在正式文体中的日期一般不缩写,阿拉伯数字一般会用英文表达(特别长的数字除外)。
再比如说,翻翻新概念第三册所有的课文,会发现凡是一段文章的段首句出现转折时,转折词however都放在句子结构中的第二部分,以插入语的形式出现。分析原因,是因为段落一开始就用转折词,会时转折显得较生硬、突兀。
最后,许多同学在写作文时,习惯于把 “since” “because” “for”这样的词放在句首引导原因状语从句。事实上,在我们见到的英语报刊杂志文章中,这样的从句一般都是放在主句之后的。另外, “and”也常常被误放在一句话的开头,表示两个句子之间的并列或递进关系。其实,经常留心地道的英语文章能发现,如果是并列关系,完全可以不用连词;如果是递进关系,用 “furthermore” “what is more”更为普遍。
四、要心有全局
英文写作十分强调形式上的严谨性,特别是全局的丝丝入扣。如果写作时结构意识良好,应试写作就简化成为一个填空的过程了。框架万变不离其宗,适当地填如观点、素材,文章就自然而然地立起来了。
掌握了这些英文写作中的练习技巧,会使提高英文写作水平的努力有更大的收益。
下面智康教育跟大家分享写作的“五项基本原则” :
1、 长短句原则
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
as a creature, i eat; as a man, i read. although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
2、 主题句原则
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!
to begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
3、 一二三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
4、 短语优先原则
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:
i cannot bear it.
可以用短语表达:i cannot put up with it.
i want it.
可以用短语表达:i am looking forward to it.
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。
5、 多变句式原则
1)加法(串联)
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:
i enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:
not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短语可以用:
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2)转折(拐弯抹角)
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
the car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
the coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短语:
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3)因果(so, so, so)
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!
the snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短语:
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。
举例:this is what i can do.
whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:
when to go, why he goes away…
5)附加(多此一举)
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
the man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
i don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
mr liu, our oral english teacher, is easy-going.
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
篇18:高考英语满分作文ALetterofThanks感谢信
全文共 1517 字
+ 加入清单Dear Mr. John,
How are things going with you in Beijing?
I am writing to show my thanks to you. You tutored me in my spoken English before you went to Beijing. With your help I made such rapid progress that I won the first place in the Spoken English Competition of the city. My achievement is owed to your help. Thank you very much.
I have heard that you and your wife will pay a visit to my school. I am very glad at the news. In that case we can see each other again. I am looking forward to your coming. I am sending you a telescope as a small gift. I hope you will like it.
All the best.
Yours,
Liu Jie
亲爱的约翰先生:
您在北京过得怎么样?
我写信向您表达我的谢意。去北京前您辅导我的英语口语。在您的帮助下我很快取得进步,所以能在市里举办的英语口语比赛中取得第一名。我的成绩应该归功于您的帮助。非常感谢。
我听说您和您的夫人要来我们学校访问。听到这个消息我非常高兴。那样的话我们就又可以见面了。期盼着您的到来。我给您寄去一件小礼物“望远镜”。希望您喜欢。
万事如意。
您的朋友 刘杰
Dear Mr. John,
How are you getting on in Beijing?
I am writing to tell you a piece of good news. I am the champion of the Spoken English Competition held in the city. The success is owed to your help. Before you went to Beijing you spent much time on my spoken English so that I made great progress in it. As a result I got the first place in the competition. Thanks a lot.
I heard that you and your wife would visit my school. I am very happy and expect to see you soon. I am sending you a telescope as a small gift. I hope you will like it.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Liu Jie
亲爱的约翰先生:
您在北京过得怎么样?
我写信告诉您一个好消息。我在市里举办的英语口语比赛中取得第一名。我,的成功归功于您的帮助。您花了很长时间辅导我英语口语,我因此取得很大进步并且获得比赛的第一名。多谢。
我听说您和您的夫人要来我们学校访问。我非常高兴并期望很快见到您。我给您寄去一件小礼物“望远镜”。希望您喜欢。
一切顺利。
您的朋友 刘杰
篇19:作文写作指导杂文怎么写
全文共 952 字
+ 加入清单杂文的特点是:①文艺性与说理性的统一。说它是文艺性与说理性统一,主要表现为:一、它是形象性和说理性的统一。它既不象文学作品那样以形象为主插入议论,也不象议论文那样把“理”通篇直说出来,而是巧妙地把形象和说理融合在一起,通过富有文学色彩的语言,将理化为具体可感的形象。二、它是抒情与说理的统一。它既不是先说一番道理,再抒发感情,也不是先抒发感情再说道理,而是融情于理。
②敏锐锋利。每锐,是指杂文能够迅速地反映现实斗争,抓住现实生活中苗头性、倾向性问题,或褒或贬、或扬或抑,及时出击。锋利,是指杂文具有鲜明的针对性和一针见血的深刻性。
③短小精博。短小,一是指杂文的形式特点,篇幅短少;一是指它的选材特点,生活中一些看似琐细的小事,一个现象、一句话、一个举动,都可成为杂文的写作材料。精博,是指杂文的内容特点,它的内容要精,即小中见大,于普通生活现现象中见出深刻道理。博;即在剖析现象、阐述事理时,常要引证科学、历史、哲学、艺术等古今中外多方面的材料,使人读后增长知识、开阔眼界。杂文的博是精中之博,是精与博的统一。
怎样写作杂文?
①大处着眼,小处落墨。杂文是说理的。理是对事物本质、规律和内在联系的认识,它具有普遍性。理的普遍性越强,杂文内容就愈有深度。这就是大处着眼。因此要大处着眼,就要站在全局的高度,站在党的方针政策的高度,居高临下地抓住那些现实生活中突出的、人们关心的、有震动性的问题。选题的方向和范围确定之后,就需要选择突破口。杂文敏锐、短小的特点,决定了它的突破口宜小,宜具体,这就是“小处落墨”。小处落墨,就是选择一些极细微平常的小事,引伸开去,联想生发,阐发出大的道理。
②精炼形象,规划虚实。杂文的形象是说理的形象,为了说好杂文的理,就要精炼形象。要精炼形象一是要精选形象因素,二是要巧妙地组合形象,三是要鲜明生动地勾画形象。规划虚实,是就杂文的说理而言的,寓于形象之中的理,谓之虚;用抽象语言陈述的理,叫实。杂文写作,何时虚出,何时“实”出应巧妙安排。
③融铸感情,泼辣犀利。杂文总要表现出强烈的喜恶爱憎、褒贬扬抑,这就要融铸感情,融铸感情要抓住三个环节:融情于形象,融情于事理,直接抒情。泼辣犀利。是杂文的风格,这是它的战斗性所在。要做到泼辣犀利,需抓好两上环节:语言简短有力,恰当运用讽剌。
篇20:关于中秋节高考英语作文
全文共 1355 字
+ 加入清单Mid-Autumn festival is our traditional festival, from ancient to present, the Mid-Autumn festival means "league member" and "happiness". Relatives in other countries are rushing home to get together and enjoy the beautiful festival together.
The Mid-Autumn festival, as the name implies, is the autumn air and crisp season, the fragrance of the osmanthus, like thick kinship, is not open, deeply take a sip, as if it is full of sweetness and happiness. Our family of five, in this garden of fragrant osmanthus trees, celebrate the Mid-Autumn festival. My mother and grandmother prepared a table of good food. My father doesnt drink at ordinary times. Today we have made an exception, and we have a toast with grandpa. Looked up at the hanging in the sky the moon like a Mosaic in the gem on the dark blue velvet, soft moonlight on us, as bathed in the warmth of the family, we play guessing game, side to eat and drink, guess the answers chagrin, draw people laughing sound, try very hard to guess the topic in a, merged into a beautiful melody of a song very comfortable, let I deeply felt the warmth of home and happiness. I think the meaning of Mid-Autumn festival is this!
I hope that every year the Mid-Autumn festival can be spent with my family. The people who are thankful for their parents can feel the beauty and warmth of the Mid-Autumn festival!