雅思小作文20分钟不够用【精彩19篇】

摘要：雅思写作范文之科技发展，下面小编将为大家带来几篇雅思写作科技发展类的范文，雅思写作大作文有很多种话题素材，今天小编着重讲解一下科技发展类素材的范文，希望考鸭们关注本小编哦，我们会在第一时间公布更多最新最实用的写作素材。

雅思 写作范文之科技发展，下面是本小编带来的关于科学发展类的范文，如下：

题目：

Scientific and technological advances have changed our lives. But some scientists in some fields say that scientists are not able to find solutions to the problems they have created. To what extent do you agree or disagree

范文：

We sure live differently from our parents did decades ago. The changes are wide and profound. At the same time, we are facing challenges and problems unknown in the past. Could we find solutions to problems created by scientific developmentThe answer seems to be no.

Some of the most obvious problems caused by technological advances lie in the IT industry. At a time when we did not have computers and electronic bank services, people took money with them and paid by cash. If they were stolen, only the amount they had with them was lost. But now credit cards are more commonly used in shopping malls and other places, crimes again us have become more serious and caused greater losses to people. A thief may tape the code of your credit card and make a copy of it. Then he could safely withdraw all your money from an ATM machine. Crimes such as this are very sticky to solve because there is no witness and the surveillance cameras give little help to the police.

Another example is the issue of information control with the media industry including TV networks and Internet that give easy access to information without discrimination to people’s age. This has created a huge problem for parents and schools because teenage people are particularly vulnerable to adult materials and information violent in nature. In the past, when most information came in the form of print, it was relatively easy to control what children read. When a parent put away a book unsuitable for children, they were cut off from the source of information. With computer parents could use software to filter bad web sites but could not prevent new ones from appearing every day.

People are working very hard to solve such problems that come along with advances in science and technology, but the efforts are not sufficient and not very successful. Even with the little progress we have achieved, we find ourselves defeated by new problems with greater complexity and in wider scope.

In conclusion, developments in many fields of our life have brought us both benefits and problems. Developments in the banking industry give us greater convenience but making us targets of computer-based theft. Changes in media industry expose young people to inappropriate information difficult for parent’s control. However up until now, we have not successfully found permanent solutions yet.

以上就是小编带来的 雅思写作 科技发展类的范文，希望能对同学们有帮助，更多精彩范文请登录 小马 科技雅思频道官网。

相关字搜索： 雅思写作范文之科技发展

一、词汇贫乏，用词单一，表达呆板

考试要求考生的词汇量在8000个以上，而这其中有三分之一指的是阅读中的一些高难词汇或专业词汇，对于本站们写作而言，能够灵活高效地运用 5000词汇就已足够。很多考生中文功底扎实，思路敏捷，拿到雅思题目时也是有感而发，文思如泉涌，无奈囊中羞涩，词汇量有限，再多的想法和思路就如同茶壶里的饺子，有货却倒不出来，可谓是只可意会，不可言传。一篇250字的雅思作文让广大考生绞尽脑汁，搜肠刮肚，结果写出来的句子并没有准确高效地表达自己的意思。词汇量的贫乏就直接导致了考生在写作中用词单一，表达呆板，全文就是一些简单词汇的不断重复和累加，写作能力也可见一斑。有些考生一想起 产生，引起，就习惯性用produce，却不了解 promote, generate, trigger, lead to, result in等词汇和短语的表达都有此意思，完全可以在写作当中进行词汇的替换。而简单词汇的重复不仅让文章在词汇上水平不高，通篇归于平庸，而且让一些能够成为行文闪光点的精辟思维和见解也黯然失色。

二、用词不当，词不达意，中式充斥全文

有些考生单词量不小，在行文中也能够做到词汇的同义转换，然而写出来的文章还是让考官和匪夷所思，大跌眼镜，究其原因，主要是用词不够准确，chinglish大行其道，整篇文章就是考生想当然的一个汉译英过程，其结果也就可想而知。

大作文开头段往往要包含如下几个关键内容，即，介绍背景，引出有争议的话题，阐述对立观点和陈述作者自己的观点。无论使用还是不使用模板，这几个关键信息是一定要包含在开头段落当中的，不然云里雾里，只能是适得其反。

首先It is quite common these days.。。介绍背景，或者用The issue of ... is a complex and sensitive one。这样的句型来引出有争议话题，然后千篇一律地分别介绍对立双方观点，如Some individuals believe that..., while others hold the view that....最终用Personally, I agree with....至此，内容上完美无瑕，但恐怕考官心中已经大大打下“模板”两个字的烙印，这无疑对于想取得6分及以上的同学最不利的事情。下面，我们就来说说到底应该如何突破“模板病”。

例如，一道雅思写作高频题目，讨论到底大学应该教授实用性课程（如计算机和商科课程）还是传统课程（如历史和地理）。我们依然按照开头段应该包含的关键信息开始写作，但是却可以这样轻松突破：

These day there is a growing tendency for college students to have difficulties in finding jobs when they graduate.(介绍背景)A large number of people hold the opinion that lack of practical knowledge, among other things, contributes to this situation. In light of this, they contend that college teachers should lay more stress on practical courses than on traditional ones. (引出有争议的话题，并阐述大多数人的观点)For my part, I am in favour of their viewpoint。(作者观点)

这一段写得非常灵巧，第一句结合题目背景，介绍现如今有一种趋势，即大学毕业生很难找到工作，紧接着作者陈述有许多人认为这是由于学生缺少实用性的知识，并因此提出大学应该更多关注于教授实用性的知识，这一句将有争议话题的其中一方观点用因果链条清晰阐述。最后一句表达作者自己的立场，就是支持前面大多数人的想法。总的来看，这一段只提及了对立双方的其中一方观点，然后表达自己支持这一方观点。这就是一种对于开头段模板的超越，简单可行，只对其中一方观点清晰论证，然后表达自己的立场，无需对另一方观点赘述。这固然超越了八股文一样的“一些人认为……另一些人认为……，我认为……”，而是以四两拨千斤的方式，重点讲解一方观点，然后巧妙表达支持的态度。

另一道可以参考的题目是有关人们认为对于罪犯不应该只是关在监狱里，而应该对他们进行教育和劳动改造这样一道题目。我们依然给出这样一段：

How to handle criminals is a problem that all countries and societies face。(引出有争议的话题)Traditionally, the approach has been to punish them by placing them in prisons to pay for what they have done. Some, however, advocate for trying to make them better with training and education and it seems they may have a good point.

这一段在观点描述上是“出于模板而胜于模板”的典范，范文中将观点一演变为“传统上，人们都采取关监狱这种方法”，这就用陈述事实的方式，巧妙避讳了直接表达有些人认为应该把犯人关在监狱里；而观点二以及作者观点合并为一句，用一个and巧妙连接成一个并列句。开头段关键信息一网打尽。

没有规矩，不成方圆。对于一般英语学习者而言，写出优秀的文章有赖于后天习得，但并不意味着机械背诵、生吞活剥，或者照搬照抄、人云亦云。所谓研习，需要有独立思考和个人的判断，本着他山之石，可以攻玉的精神，汲取文章的精华部分加以研究。研习主要侧重两个方面，包括文章章法和语言表达。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局谋篇、结构安排、逻辑顺序。许多学习者面对一个话题，可能存在两种不同的困惑，一是下笔千言，但离题万里；二是思绪万千，却无从落笔。导致两种困惑的根源皆在于欠缺思考问题、组织思路的恰当方式，以至于文章不得要领、章法紊乱。这就要求我们从全篇脉络角度多研习范文，之后领悟如何以演绎法行文、怎样用归纳法谋篇以及如何围绕特定话题拓展思路等等。此外，研习还要侧重于语言表达，包括遣词造句和句子、段落之间的各种衔接手段，以期在自己日后的写作中派上用场，因为英文写作皆通一理。只有善于借鉴，勤加研究，才会借他人的优势和长处，提高自己的写作水平。

导语：雅思写作同义词需要积累，小编为大家准备了以下一些同义词，让你告别单一重复

1.important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)

2.common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)

3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for peoples needs and wants)

4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)

5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)

6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)

7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)

8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)

9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)

10.top=peak, summit

11.competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)

12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)

13.opinion=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)

14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation

15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish

16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)

17.complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)

18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental

19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)

20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel

要做到短期内拿下雅思小作文

一、寻觅小作文需要表达的重点

见到图形表达题，你心中就需要思考这个图形题需要表述的重点在哪里。作答时先说明再梳理数据。切不可将文章写成账本式的文字，否则，你就会得到很低的分数。

例如：The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000. Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural Purposes, and this increased dramatically from about 500 km to around 3,000 km in the year 2000.

文章的主句应该对文章要表达的趋势，量的大小作出说明，相关的数据则补充在后面。雅思小作文考察的精髓还是查看考生的英文表达能力，精简凝练。你的描述要让阅卷者脑海中浮现出图形的样本，数量和趋势等等相关变量。如果你能达到以上这些要求，那么小作文本身也就基本上合格了。

二、了解图形的分类规律

图形描述题，按照标准图形来分，可以分为line graph (curve), bar chart, pie chart以及table，按照表达重点来分，分为趋势类和大小类，分类依据于题中的时间列表。一般来说，出现时间段的图形题都是以描述数据变化趋势为主。

三、准备必要的表达方式

1. 与趋势有关的词语：

上升(动词)：increase, rise, climb, ascend, surge, shoot up

下降(动词)：decrease, decline, drop, fall, descend, plunge

持平(动词)：remain stable, keep constant, level o第一文库网ff, flatten out

波动(动词)：fluctuate, wave, go up and down

快速(形容词/副词)：considerable/considerably, significant/significantly,substantial/substantially,remarkable/remarkably, dramatic/dramatically

稳步(形容词/副词)：steady/steadily, stable/stably, moderate/moderately, modest/modestly

缓慢(形容词/副词)：slight/slightly, minimal/minimally, marginal/marginally

顶点(名词 /动词)：peak

趋势 (名词)：trend/ tendency

2. 与大小相关的词语：

Outnumber (动词)：在数量上超过The demonstrators were outnumbered by the police

Exceed (动词)：在数量上超过

Triple (动词)：变成三倍The figure has tripled.

Double (动词)：变成两倍The price of houses has virtually doubled over the past few years.

Mount to (动词)：达到

Counterpart (名词)：对应的另一方，比较的另一方 this product is better than its counterparts

此外，建议考生还应考虑一下题中数据和百分比有没有联系，如果有的话还应添加一些数据所占百分比的语句。

3. 相关词语：

百分比(名词)：proportion, rate, percentage, share

占据 (动词)：occupy, comprise, constitute, account for, represent.

数字：number, amount, data, figure

比例：rate, proportion, percentage, share

大约：roughly, about, nearly, approximately, a little less than, slightly more than

各自地：respectively, for each，severally

四、注重连词的使用

连词在语句中起着承上启下的作用，添加连词，可以增加文章的逻辑感，使得文章更加严谨，同时，文章中连词的使用也要讲究一定的形式，我们在文章中一般称之为形连。

五、Integrity and Perfection

文章有了恰当的表达方式，还需要进行一些细节方面的修饰，添加数据时，形式要整齐划一，有不随便删除和添加数量单位，增加连词的使用，加强文章的严谨度，采用一些多样化的数据添加方式，是文章看起来有理有据，中心思想贯穿全文。

主要数据添加方式有：

1. 利用标点，如括号和破折号

2. 利用介词，如with, at, to, by等

3. 利用分词或从句，倒装句

考生在备战雅思小作文的过程中，考生应按照以上的基础因此分析相关的真题和范文，多多总结经验，找出思想上的共性和有亮点的语句，并且进行模仿练习。我们有理由相信，同学们通过专门的训练，一定能在雅思小作文写作中取得好成绩。

The aging population is going to become a major concern particularly in more developed countries, but this should not be viewed as something threatening to society. It is a blessing for any individual to live a long and healthy life, only that it could indicate that the responsibilities of caring for the elderly in the future may partly fall on the younger generation. The questions refer especially to how the younger generation could provide answers that are able to move society forward, taking into account a number of social and economic effects on the nation as a whole.

As the proportion of older people is steadily increasing, there are doubts over changes regarding the structure of a modern society. A possible change may the distribution of years of expected lifespan on the social scale, now that the family planning program is in fashion. Then, what will this dramatic shift mean for social services, such as health caring and pension on retirement? Overall effects, however, are not clear enough; for instance, how older peoples prolonged lives are to be arranged in the social context? At this point, it is interesting to know how todays younger generation would re-think their roles in society if they might live 100 or more and be in good shape? And should working people in society continue to be retired as usual at 60 and 65 ?

在雅思考试中，写作部分要求考生在60分钟内完成两篇作文。第一篇是小作文，要求考生描述图表反映的内容和问题，字数为150个词以上：第二篇是大作文，要求考生根据题目要求写一篇议论文，字数为250个词以上。写作单项的满分为9分，采取半分制：写作部分的总分是小作文分数的1/3加上大作文分数的2/3。由于分值权重方面的原因，很多考生都高度重视大作文，却忽视了小作文的重要性。这主要表现为两种情况：一是考生平时很少练习小作文，导致其在20分钟内无法完成小作文，从而挤占了大作文的写作时间：二是由于比较看重大作文，一部分考生在考试的时候会选择先写大作文，并因过于谨慎仔细而占用了很多时间，最终导致没有时间完成小作文。这两种情况都会导致考生的写作成绩被拖后腿。

根据写作部分的计分权重来算，对于写作分数目标是5.5分的考生，一般来说有以下两种方案可选：

方案A：小作文5分，大作文6分，写作成绩=5.5分：方案B：小作文6分，大作文5分，写作成绩=5.5分。这两个方案殊途同归，但是因为大作文比小作文难拿到高分，因而方案B比较容易实现。这就意味着，写作分数目标是5.5分的考生应重点提高小作文的写作水平。

1.先(上升/下降)后(下降/上升)，之后便平稳

According to the data ， the years from …to…saw/winess a rise/climb/drop in the number/rate/percentage/proportion of 对象 from数据to数据，which was followed by a rapid decrease/reduce/increase over the ** years.

The number/rate…droped/went up again from…in ** year to…in ** year and then went up/clined gradually until ** year ，when there was a leveling off/leveling out at 数据 for 一段时间。

data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time

在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time

持续变化的data在不同情况下:

增加：increase / raise / rise / go up ...

减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall ...

波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...

稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ...

最常用的两种表达法：

动词 + 副词形式

形容词 + 名词形式

1. Verb+Adverb form

The number of XXX

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...

+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...

+from to / between and

2. Adjective+Noun form

There was a sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation

+in the number of XXX from to / between and

描述稳定的data：

The number of XXX remained steady/stable from to / between and

The number of XXX stayed the same from to / between and

如果说有什么方法可以提高雅思写作成绩，我想从根本上提高的唯一办法就是转变思维方式，也就是把中式思维向英式思维靠拢，只有这样才能符合雅思考官的喜好，才能得高分。本文中，将具体介绍一下中式思维和英式思维的区别，以及怎样才能写出更符合雅思考官要求的作文。

事实上，如果脑袋里有一个中文的概念或者想法，要用英文来表达的时候总是免不了紧张，因为由于中英两国的文化不同，很多东西无法表达----非常可能不是因为考生的语言问题，而是因为这个中国的概念在英文里面根本就不存在。有数字统计过中英两国语言的词汇量只有40%能互通(所谓的equivalent)，而这就意味着剩余的60%的表达肯定是和原文有很大出入的。甚至很多我们生活中经常使用的语言，不假思索就能说出的概念，在英语文化里很可能根本就没有对应的表达，例如热闹这个词，考生们可以试试能否在英文单词中找到让你满意的对得上号的词。这个地方很热闹这句话，根据语境可以有不同的翻译，但是总体而言，热闹作为一个词来说，在英文里几乎是没有对应的。

正因为如此，我们才强调，写英语作文，说英语口语，要用英语思维，不要用中式思维。这对于很多人来说是个很空洞的概念，只有当你真正用英语与外国人交流的时候才会体会到英式思维的重要性。

这的确很难，因为我们在中式思维里面扎根的太深了。事实上，这也和两国语言本身的特点有关。鲁迅就说过，中文和外文比，吃亏就吃在不够精确，具体到单词水平，就是词汇量少。因为词汇量少，因此中文特别讲究上下文，一个模糊的词只有在一个特定的语境里面才能让读者感到一个特定的意思。相比而言，英文在这方面就不是这样，具体的说，大部分英语词都是有着非常确定的意思的，因此，那些在中文里面需要联系上下文才能端倪出的细微差别，也许在英文里面只是另一个单词而已。记住这点，笔者下面所说的也许会对诸位有用，在这里，笔者提供一个方法，就是如果你脑袋中有一个想法的话，仔细想想你到底想精确说的是什么意思。比如，当你想说某一个命题错误的时候，你最好想清楚它到底错在哪里，illogical, irresponsible, biased, prejudice, fallacy, untrue这些词之间都有着或大或小的差别，所以主要想看你到底想说的是什么。

所以，诸位想锻炼写作的话，建议要做的第一样功课，就是求精细。只有你自己求精细了，才能发现报刊、书籍中对相近的概念的不同表达法的精妙之处，才会由衷地为某篇文章的一个用词会心一笑。写作就是思维表达的一种形式。西方人直线式的思维方式体现在语言上就是西方人说话写文章喜欢开门见山，把关键性的话放在开头，然后再论及其它次要的内容。

而写作涉及到语言的方方面面，从语言的结构上来说最基本的因素包括遣词、造句和篇章。螺旋与直入的思维差异就会影响到这些方面，具体包括修饰语与中心词、句子和篇章。

一、修饰语与中心词

英语的修饰语，如介词短语、动词不定式、分词、定语从句等皆放在被修饰语的后面;而汉语的修饰语无论长短、繁简，皆置于被修饰语的前面。体现了直入与螺旋的不同的思维方式。例如：

1. The scientists everywhere in the world are looking for the efficient methods to make the air clean and protect it from the pollution by all kinds of industrial harmful waste gases.

汉语全世界的科学家，修饰语在前，中心词在后，而英语则是中心词在前，修饰语在后。净化空气、防止空气受到各种有害工业废气污染的有效方法同样是修饰语在前，中心词在后，而英语则相反。

2. We appreciate your words about the relations between our two countries.

汉语有关我们两国关系的谈话，修饰语在前，中心词在后，而英语则是中心词在前，修饰语在后。有关我们两国关系，同样是修饰语在前，中心词在后，而英语则相反。

3. The hungry boy ate up everything he could have his hands on from the refrigerator.

他从冰箱里所能拿到的吃的东西，修饰语在前，中心词在后，而英语则是中心词在前，修饰语在后。

4. The problem arose of how to fairly distribute the world natural resources.

比较而言，该句主语太长，谓语太短，构成了不连续性修饰语，不过还是有些突兀，但修饰语还得后置。而汉语怎样合理分配世界自然资然的问题仍是修饰语在前，中心词在后。

二、句子

英语句子开门见山，其主谓结构是全句的纲，其余成份是目，一般先下结论，后叙事，从近到远，新近发生的事先出现，重心落在句首。汉语句子一般以逻辑关系和时间的先后顺序排列，一般先叙事，后下结论，由远及近，重心落在句尾。这种差异体现了直入与螺旋的不同的思维方式。

中国学生在英语写作时往往会受汉语思维的影响，写出下面的句子：

1. When I stayed in Guangzhou last month, you helped me. I am grateful for that.

2. Toms mother died when he was only two years old, so he did not remember her.

3. After we left China in 1959, the natural calamities happened one after another for three years in the country. While we read about it at home, we had been dismayed.

4. It looked rain that evening, yet Dad came all the same. That made us very joyful.

如果按英语直入的思维方式，以上几句要改写成：

1. I am very grateful for your help to me during my stay in Guangzhou last month.

2. Tom did not remember his mother who died when he was only two years old.

3. We had been dismayed at home while reading of the natural calamities that happened one after another for three years after we left China in 1959.

4. It looked rain that evening, yet to our great joy, Dad came all the same.

这种思维方式的转换要是更复杂一点，对中国学生来说，是需要操练的。例如：

1. 我认为如果他们初次相识时，她很穷，他未必会爱她。这位女性由于对他有好感而帮助他，使他心存感激，这种感激之情很容易发展成为真挚的爱情。

I do not suppose he would have loved her if she had been poor when he first knew her, but the gratitude which he felt for the help which he owed to her kindly interest in him easily developed into a sincere affection. (条件关系和多层因果关系的转换)

2. 她去深圳参加一个会议，会议结束后，她就到香港去购物，昨天才回来。

She came back yesterday from Hong Kong where she had gone shopping after the meeting in Shenzhen.(时间顺序的转换)

三、段落篇章

这里篇章包括段落和全文。总体而言，英文篇章，一般都采用直线型的形式，尤其是说明文和议论文，更是一般具体式的。英语篇章是a writer-responsible pattern, 即作者在篇章中有责任、有义务向读者交代其主旨或目的。为使读者省时高效，英语篇章开门见山，一开头就直接点明段落的主题句 (topic sentence) 或全文的中心思想 (thesis statement), 即亮明作者的观点、态度、看法等;或者以引言开门，即首先用一个熟悉的事实、观点、故事、引言等开头，然后直接见到作者全文的观点思想。

由以上分析可知，西方人的直线式思维和中国人的螺旋式思维存在明显的差异，体现在语言中，几乎渗透到语言的各个单位，包括词汇、句子、段落和全篇。当然，笔者无意说思维模式孰好孰坏，正如我们不能断言文化模式孰好孰坏一样。但作为学英语的中国人，学原汁原味的语言是我们要达到的最高境界。自然，这里的语言也应包括discourse或text。因此考生们要知道，一种思维是一种文化长期的积淀，它已进入该民族的潜意识，根深蒂固，如果只学语言本身，不会知其所以然，一旦到了使用语言时，汉语思维自然突现，写出Chinglish, 浑然不知。此外，建议考生多背诵和模仿英语经典文章，如《新概念英语》第三册上的文章，笔者认为皆为语言的精华，不但文词优美，每课都是一篇范文，原汁原味，多读这样的文章，一定会有所启发。由此看来，老生常谈而又令人费解的学会用英语思维，倒不如换个说法学会英汉思维转换，即懂得英汉思维的差异，在平时读书的时候去真实地领悟，久而久之，就能写出地道的英文来，至少不会写出那么多的Chinglish。

综上所述，想要取得雅思写作7分甚至更高的分数，单靠所谓的模板和复杂的句式是做不到的，只有从写作思维模式上进行改变，才有可能取得好的写作成绩。而中式思维的根深蒂固必定会对正确的英语写作思维产生阻力，因此，临摹英式思维的文章以及阅读海外学术著作对于转变写作思维有着至关重要的作用。

一直以来，雅思写作考试的大作文主体段的拓展往往是很多考生在写作中突显的最为薄弱的一个环节，其中论证过程单薄、不充分、没有力量，导致论点站不住脚是主要的原因，从而使得整篇文章留下失败的一笔。议论文，说到底，最关键的一点就是让读者对你在文章中所体现的立场认同。要做到这一点，靠的就是论点和论证。论点要合理、明确，且不要重复，要有层次;论证要做到充分，要有强大的力量把论点支撑起来，让读者心服口服，认同你的想法。作为海外考试来说，考生要做的就是让考官明确地知道你的想法，并且认同你，最终让他给你一个合理且满意的写作分数。

如何成功地完成主体段落的拓展呢?要勾画出一个充实且具有说服力的论证过程，我们当然要使用到一些论证手段，结合这些论证方法的使用，协助我们较好地完成相对来说最困难的论证过程。

一、 举例论证法

要更为直观地反映问题，举例无疑是最好的选择，也是最具有说服力的。常见的引出实例的方式：如for example, for instance, as is reported, It is reported that…, 可作为插入语的结构使用在句中。实例也可以分为几种情况，如下：

1. 应用名人实例，这是大家都知道的事情，容易引起共鸣。如在教育类话题中有一个考点涉及到中学生要不要学历史，在论证古人的经验和智慧给我们很多借鉴意义时，就可以引用一些名人的例子。

Charles Darwin, for example, taught us that only the fittest can survive, which is more than ever true in today’s competitive society.

2. 应用某些调查研究结果，常结合具体数据，更能增强真实性说服力。社会类话题老人问题上，要求分析人口老龄化所带来的影响，其中谈到积极意义时，会提到老人对家庭及社会的贡献。我们可以在两个地方找到列数据的点，一是老人的年龄，二是在有意义的事情上所花的时间，可以得出论证过程如下：

As is reported, the average time that the retired within the age group above 65 spend on the family and the community is at its length of about 5 hours per day.

3. 应用生活中具有普遍性的现象或有代表性的亲身经历。在文化这类较为抽象的话题中，有典型地要求分析文化差异会带来的不同国家人之间的冲突，可以引用这样的现象：

A western woman travelling to the Middle East may find it annoying to have to wear headscarf during a journey.

要做到恰当合适地使用实例进行论证，要求考生在平时的准备过程中，就要着重对各大话题常见的考点进行典型实例的收集，最好是比较万能的一些例子，这样就能充分利用举例子的优势，在考试中赢得高分。

二、 解释说明(拓展影响)法

中心论点表达一般比较空泛、笼统，作为论证，首先就要对空泛的意思加以具体地解释，说明原因，解释过程，阐述影响，这是一种惯用的思维，这里打不开，后面说得再多也可能都是白搭。常结合定语从句，分词的语法应用。我们来看一个例子：

By travelling abroad, we have the opportunity to experience different customs, cultures and lifestyles, helping us better understand the whole world.

这个句子是对论点出国旅游有助于我们开拓眼界的论证，采取的就是解释的方式，目的就是协助论点表达得更透彻。

三、 因果推理法

这种方法是基于一个事实的陈述，推出它可能会产生的结果，然后一环扣着一环往下推，直至目标内容出现，也就是论点的内容呈现了。常结合因果关系的状语从句结构展开论证，要注意推理逻辑连接词的应用，如as, since, because, therefore, hence, thus, as a consequence, consequently, ……

论证高中生毕业后先去工作再上大学的这种作为会带来的不利影响之一——这种方式容易使高中生误入歧途，论证过程如下：Since high school students are mentally immature, they are less likely to resist the temptation in the real world. As a result, they are more prone to some social evils, such as theft, drug abuse, and so on. So, they may easily go astray and even commit crime.

四、 对照对比论证法

拿相同或相反的事物做比较，相同关系叫对照(comparison)，相反关系叫对比(contrast)。此类论证考生需要重点掌握一些对比对照关系的连词：in contrast, by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, likewise, similarly, by the same token。

先看个例子，如：论证广告给消费者提供及时信息，帮助他们做决定中论述到：By contrast, without advertising, a consumer is at the risk of purchasing a product that fails to meet all of his or her needs, because of lack of knowledge of better alternatives in the market.这就是从反面着手，阐述如果没有广告，消费者会受到的影响，用反方的劣势达到衬托正方优势的效果。若想使论点具有说服力，可以尝试寻找对应的参照物相比较，在所选参照物明显的不足面前，本来事物的优点会立刻容易被人信服。

再来分析下对照的例子：They cite that in the sports world, records are always created when a sportsman is facing tough competitions. They believe that, by the same token, in a classroom where clever minds meet, students can achieve their best due to peer pressure. 拿体育比赛中的情况作对照，突出分班教学的必要性。

五、 让步论证法

欲擒故纵的高超写法，对考生来说比较陌生，先退一步承认与自己观点相反的事实，再转折给出自己的观点，否定前者。让步这种方法的优点是能较为全面地看待一个问题，而且反驳更能有的放矢。比如举一个大家特别熟悉的例子，一个男生向女生表白时被拒绝，女生会很委婉地表示，先肯定男生有很多优点，但最终会表示自己并不喜欢他，他不是她喜欢的类型。这种方式一方面不会伤害到男孩的自尊，同时也鲜明地表达了自己的想法。在这种论证中，常见句型如下：although / though / in spite of the fact that…; as is granted / admittedly…; opponents would argue that…

用以下例子加以说明：

1. As is granted, saving money offers people a sense of security in case of emergency. However, people tend to believe that wise investment can get more profits.

2. Opponents would argue that some of the violence shown on TV is the true portrayal of what is happening around us and people have the right to know it. Although this is undoubtedly true, it also means that people who see them a lot may gradually develop a sense of insecurity and mistrust as they are forced to believe they are living in a dangerous world.

很明显，我们在写作的论证过程中，对以上五种方法可以灵活地加以结合使用，不断地积累相关实例，不断地练习这些思维，在论证中做到游刃有余，充分的论证无疑是考生的加分点。希望以上的方法能为各位考生提供一些帮助。

妙计一： 避免空洞的单词和词组

1. 一些空洞的单词或词组根本不能为句子带来任何相关的或重要的信息，完全可以被删掉。比如下面的句子：

When all things are considered ， young adults of today live more satisfying lives than those of their parents， in my opinion.

这句话当中的 when all things are considered 和 in my opinion 都显得多余。完全可以去掉。改为：

Young adults of today live more satisfying lives than their parents.

2. 有些空洞和繁琐的表达方式可以进行替换，例如：

Due to the fact that our grandparents were under an obligation to help their parents， they did not have the options that young people have at this point in time.

due to the fact that 就是一个很典型的繁琐的表达方式的例子，可以替换，简化为下面的表达方式：

Because our grandparents were obligated to help their parents， they did not have the options that young people have now.

妙计二： 避免重复

1. 尽量避免重复使用同样的词汇。或者有的时候虽然词汇没有重复，但意思却有重复。这时候可以做一些简化的工作。例如下面这个例子： ：

[写出完美雅思作文的妙计有哪些

1. It seems certain that they have made a series ofexperiments.

2. It is said that bats have been using radar formillions of years.

3. To tell the truth , many mistakes we made could havebeen avoided.

4. As we know, it was not until recently that the problemwas solved.

5. It must be admitted that you havent done what youpromised to do.

6. It is a common saying that man who has a settledpurpose will surely succeed.

7. It is clear that the enemy has no desire for peace.

8. It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to worktwenty hours each day.

9. Its hard to say whether the plan is practicable.

10. There is no doubt that you will be helped by othersif you have any difficulties.

11. The oceans do not so much divide theworld as unite it.

12. There is no denying the fact that the new managementmethod has greatly increased the production.

13. There is no denying the fact that the new managementmethod has greatly increased the production.

14. Upon hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprisedthat he couldnt utter a word.

15. As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficultfor one who sets his mind to it.

16. In my opinion, this computer is different from thatone you saw.

17. It is certain that we have a long way to go.

18. All this shows that nothing can prevent us fromreaching our aims.

19. As far as we know, it took him more than a year towrite the book.

20. It has been proved that every substance, no matterwhat it is, is made up of atoms.

21. It must be pointed out that it is one of our basicState policies to control population growth while raising the quality of thepopulation.

22. It is (has been) estimated that the worldspopulation could reach 6 billion by the end of the century.

23. It must be kept in mind that there is no secret ofsuccess but hard work.

24. It can be seen from this that there is no difficultyin the world we cannot overcome.

25. As is known man is the product of labour.

26. Our goal must be attained. Our goal canunquestionably be attained.

27. Noting can prevent us from realizing the fourmodernizations.

28. Now in China, more and more families can afford tobuy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, videocorders.

29. No matter how difficult English may be, you should doyour best to learn it.

30. It can be said that without knowledge of science andtechnology, it is impossible to build socialist modernizations.

31. It has been decided that we are going to build arailway whose base must be completed within this year.

32. It is obvious (evident) that the success of theinnovation depends on our concerted efforts.

33. To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have noother choice.

34. It is natural that one may have trouble expressingcomplicated ideas in simple English.

35. What is more important, the agreement they havenegotiated is being carried out.

36. We will be successful as long as we persevere.

37. Frankly speaking, what you call the truth may notapply to things happening here.

38. It is true that we must redouble our efforts;otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.

39. I take it for granted that they will support thisidea.

40. In a certain sense, a successful scientist is aperson who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.

Version 80

Some parents in the United Kingdom decide not to have a television in theirhome. They believe that, by doing this, their children will spend the leisure time more creatively. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this decision?

Version 81

Robots can free people form difficult or dangerous work. However, some people are worried about the possible dangers robots may incur. What’s your opinion?

Version 82

In schools, some live animals are used in biological experiments or researches. Some people think that this kind of practice is cruel and unnecessary, while others believe it for the interest of human being. Explain the two views.

Version 83

Many people think that work nowadays is more stressful and less leisurely than in the past. What is your opinion?

Version 84

Some people say that older people should live with their adult children, while others think that they should live in homes specially built for old people. Which do you think is a better practice?

Version 85

Science and technology created the modern society. However, some people think that scientists will no longer create anything from now on. What is your opinion?

Version 86

The computer is widely used in modern society. What are the disadvantages if one cannot use the computer? What should the government do?

Version 87

Some people say that sports should not be encouraged at school for it causes competition rather than cooperation among students. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinion?

Version 88

Creative artists should be given more freedom to express their idea, either in forms of words, pictures, music or films; and the government should not place any restrictions on their creativeness. To what extent do you agree or disagree this opinion?

Version 89

People worldwide are increasingly traveling abroad to work for period of months or years. This phenomenon brings both advantages and disadvantages. Give your opinion.

Version 90

It is found by a survey that the crime rate of young women is increasing. Please state out the possible reasons and solutions.

Version 91

Is it fair that some successful sports professionals earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions? Give both sides reasons and state your own opinion.

Version 92

旅游业的发展和英语的广泛应用会不会损害其他国家的文化和语言。(xiaoyingzi提供)

Version 93

There are some serious problems in schools worldwide resulting from student’s attitude. Analyze the possible reasons for this phenomenon and give your solutions.

Version 94

妇女外出工做，政府是否应该为她们的孩子提供看管的人还有设施？(xiaoyingzi提供)

Version 95

People doing different kinds of work enjoy different amount of holiday time. Should people have the same amount of leisure time? Give your opinion using some of your own experience.

Version 96

Damage to the environment is an inevitable consequence of the improvement in the standard of living. What’s your idea?

Version 97

Some people regard animals as the source of food or clothes, and others think that they should be treated like pets. State your opinion from both sides.

Version 98

Someone said the age of book has past; videos, computers, televisions and films will present the information. Others think that books and written words will still be necessary in spreading information and in completing education. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

Version 99

Some people think that machine translation is highly developed in today’s society. Therefore it is not necessary for children to learn a foreign language. What’s your opinion?

Version 100

Some people think that it is a moral obligation for developed countries to provide international aid to developing countries, while others worry that the aid fund might possibly be misused by the government of the poor countries and could not actually help the poor people to improve their living standard. What is your opinion?

Version 101

Some people think that strong tradition can civilize a country and the government should subsidize musicians, artists, actors and drama companies. Do you agree or disagree with the opinion? What should the government do?

Version 102

There are more and more vehicles in front of your houses, which is very dangerous for cyclists and pedestrians. Besides, many gardens have to make way to highways or expressways. How can we make everyone satisfied?

Version 103

Over the past fifty years, young people began to gain status and power lost by old people. What are the causes? Is it a good or bad development?

印象里的英语学习要皓首穷经，绝非易事，可眼下，学英语越来越像时尚，新时代的社交名媛，如果嘴里不拽几句E文，似乎跟不上潮流。E文的好处显而易见：学，可以读点专业著作，比如源自西方的金融学，工作累了还可以去国外充个电，别人一问，我美国英国回来的，别管能力咋样，过江龙，倍儿有面子；玩，多门语言，去英语国家就多了份洒脱，多了份自信；赚钱，进个外企，多点国际移动力，炒个美股，信息传递损失为零哈。

没做出啥惊天地泣鬼神的事情之前，英语偷着好还不行，还得人家认可，于是雅思这个考试就横空出世了，IELTS（International English Language Testing System，国际英语测试系统），听说读写都包括，其中写作部分1小时，写400个词，掐指算来，我作为新东方老师跟这400个字儿较劲也两年多了。其实当水平远远凌驾于考试之上时，考试就像个周末的礼拜，如果英语灵光，雅思写作也不用刻意准备。先说说咋提高E文写作水平：

首先，腹有诗书气自华，读的多了，自然写作能力就强。读啥呢，Reading should have a purpose. 把读的内容和自己的目的衔接起来当然最好，选个自己喜欢的语言风格，文学性的或学术性的皆可，我挺喜欢美剧《学徒》里Donald Trump的风格，一看就是贵族教育，写的，字字珠玑。

其次，学以致用啊，最简单的方法就是free writing了，每天抽点时间，写个几百字，不在乎文法，不在乎用词，能说清楚就成。原来在外企那阵儿，每天都写点酸不溜丢的小情书，还专门买了本《外国名人情书》，每天看的不亦乐乎。

再次，该注意点精度了，要不满嘴错误咋进上流社会啊。买本《英语语法新思维》，从走近语法，看到通悟语法，每天再做点课后练习。Writing makes an exact man. 弗朗西斯·培根说的没错，写作让人精确，听说读写，只有写作绕不过语法。

接下来，趁热打铁，让考试做监工，从雅思的Report和Essay，到GRE的Argument和Issue，强化练个百十来篇，形成自己的写作风格。

最后，曲不离口，拳不离手，隔三差五读点大家之作，写点小文章，或者做点小翻译，保持一下水平；或者干脆出国学习工作一段时间，一劳永逸的解决E文问题。看看人家谢国忠的E文，人家也在国内读的本科，人和人差距咋这么大呢。‘Whither Anglo-Saxon Model? - Home prices in the United Kingdom fell by 2.5% in March， the biggest drop since 1992. Compared with a year earlier， the prices rose by 1.1%， the slowest in 12 years. The UKs house prices have increased by 171% in the past ten years， twice as much as personal disposable income. The tightening credit market， as reflected in the high labor rate， suggests the March number not an accident. When liquidity dries up， a bubble will surely burst. The end of the UKs property bubble seems here.…’再比如最近帮朋友看了篇学术论文，还是挺锻炼人的。学术翻译中第一要注是准确性，不要求句式和词语的多样性，同一术语前后用词最好保持一致。而且汉语中的长句子，必须先行分拆，然后用并列动词，并列状语，或者并列短句子来翻译。

其实道理说起来都挺简单，跟成功学似的，关键是能做到的人太少。英语不是一切，今天的多元社会，人总有权选择不学。我的观点是，英语要么不学，要么就学好，学个半斤八两最没劲；而且现在E文好的人越来越多，不仅要会General English，还要会用专业Professional English来讨论问题。吴思说的好，当社会潜规则越来越少时，个人综合素质还是挺重要的。

雅思写作偏题原因有哪些?在考生写作之前，审题是必须要操作的步骤，而且也是关乎作文分数最为关键的一环。最重要也是最基本的要求就是：写作要紧扣主题符合题意，否则，即使观点再精彩、语言再优美、论据再充实，作文也无法得到高分。本文将着重对生词原因进行分析，并指导考生该如何应对。

雅思写作偏题原因：生词

生词，是考生审题出现偏差最普遍的问题。一方面，雅思考生越来越低龄化：很多考生年龄小，大多数词汇量非常少，有的考生能够认识的单词甚至还不到1000个。另一方面，雅思的大作文考题尤其是学术类的，话题偏重于社会话题，语言偏书面化，因此有很多考生，其中不乏许多大学生，都会有此感慨：题目有单词不认识啊。

对策

①积累话题核心词

1.何谓题干核心词

雅思议论文题目虽多，但是会有一些出现频率比较高的实意词即为：题干核心词。

2.学习题干核心词的方法

对于题干核心词的学习，建议考生从写作机经入手，找出题干中出现的实意词并作积累。

●请看以下雅思真题：

1. International travel often leads people to have someprejudicesrather than broad-mind. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon? What do you think people can do to get better understanding of the countries they visit?

雅思写作满分准备方法1：压缩审题的时间

如果说独立写作是闭卷考试，那么你花上3～5分钟的时间去审题，去构思，是很必要的。但是，实际情况是，独立写作是开卷考试，首先题库公开，它的题型和题材都不会超出题库的范围，你总会在题库中找到类似的题目，加之机经的强大力量，使得雅思独立写作真的成了开卷考试。既然是开卷考试，大家就应该把审题的工作放到考试之前做，争取在1分钟之内完成，不要浪费时间，把时间用来打字，而不是思考上面。那些思维风暴、切题思路之类的，应该是事先已经准备过，训练过的。如果考到了你从来没接触过的题，只能说明你没有准备到位，如果你的审题时间超过了2 分钟，那么你的准备也没有到位，这就是开卷考试的备考思维，满分不是临场发挥出来的，而是准备出来的。

雅思写作满分准备方法2：栽赃法

如果不能保证文章的质量，可以从数量入手，记住我在课上讲过的托福写作黄金法则the longer， the better！的学员中曾经有位写作30分的获得者，独立写作30分钟写了600字，拿了满分。当然他肯定有一些不足和错误，可是仍然不影响满分。可见如果不能把文章写得很漂亮，不能写出亮点，那就多写点吧，字数多也是亮点。只要大家按照我上课讲授过的方法来扩充论据，写出长篇大论是很容易的事。

雅思写作满分准备方法3：提炼自己的模板

假设你的文章字数是 400字，那么你大概要写40～50个句子。把这40～50个句子，排成编号，从第1个到第40个，也就是从文章的第一句话到最后一句话，你都知道要写什么，并且知道怎么写，甚至每个句子你都掌握了2～3个漂亮的句式，这样你还担心自己拿不到高分吗?再假设，这40～50个句子，你有50%都已经是固定句式了，也就是成了自己的写作套路，那么你还愁文章写不完么?比如说，我总是喜欢在文章最后一句 话 说 ：In a word， it is rather superficial to simply say that……+观点，给个真题例子：In a word， it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.用一句话说，简单地认为父母是最好的老师是相当肤浅的。大家想一想，任何事情simply say都可以说是相当肤浅的。因此这句话就是一句比较万能的结束语。这句话怎么来的呢?这是官方题库里的第2篇，是我和大家在课上积累来的。只要大家一起努力，我们一定会成功提炼出自己的高分模版。

雅思写作满分准备方法4：压缩题库

题库中一共有185个题目，如果说每个题目都准备一篇范文是相当不可取的，效率太低，完全没有必要，压缩题库的方法主要有2种：A.将题库分类。每个分类写1～2篇就可以解决这个类的题目。 B.文章之间的互相转化。

[雅思写作满分作文准备方法四则

People attend college or university for many different reasons. Why do you think people attend college or university？

People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. I believe that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career， to have new experiences， and to increase their knowledge of themselves and the world around them.

Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. For many， this is the primary reason to go to college. They know that the job market is competitive. At college， they can learn new skill for careers with a lot of opportunities. This means careers， such as information technology， are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.

Also， students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns. For most students， going to college is the first time they have been away form home by themselves. In addition， this is the first time they have had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.

Besides looking for self-knowledge， people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many， this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that does not relate to their career.

it is / there is/ there are (it is true that many people eat junk food everyday.)议论文：I think that there are too many junk foods in our society.

I think = I believe = I hold the opinion that = my view is说明文一般描述的是关于社会现象或者问题，包括了或者是一个趋势的优点或者是缺点，这类文章通常都是以描述为主，基于事实描述，比较客观，不代有任何的特殊性。 就是一般我们这个社会都能够接受的论点。

议论文一般针对的是题目中的一个话题 (some people think)，以及部分人对这个话题的想法(some people think, while others believe, 有些人认为。。。 当另外一些人认为)，然后要求你是不是同意或者是发表你自己的看法(I think this is correct/true; I disagree with this)。 这类题目通常会在题目中引述一个观点，然后要求你针对那个观点，进行写作。 议论文比较基于主观事实描述，一般来说，文章的主体是以 为什么而展开，，作者需要通过解释，论证从而达到一个比较合理的能够具有说服力的一个层次。 作者要展开自己的想法，并要通过论证，让读者认为你所写的是正确的，合理的。