初中英语写作常见错误及分析【实用20篇】

1.1词汇方面

如果把写英语作文比作建楼房的话，英语词汇在英语写作中起着砖、瓦的作用，是句子的最基本的组成部分，所以词汇是我们高中英语教学中的重点，单词听写是课堂教学必不可少的一个环节，但学生的词汇量毕竟有限，遇到问题时，便会用汉语词汇去补充英语词汇的空缺。

例如：交通十分繁忙。误：The traffic is busy. 正：The traffic is heavy.

她和一位教授结婚了。误：She married with a professor.

正：She married a professor.

英语词语的词义往往比较复杂，并和汉语有着一定区别。这种不同就会会导致学生仅把写作当作一词一句的翻译来做，结果是事倍功半。

1.2语法方面

英语中难点就是时态，语态的掌握。英语中常用时态共十六种，语态分为主动语态与被动语态，语气有陈述语气与虚拟语气之分。不同的时态有它特有的句法结构。如现在进行时态使用be＋v－ing形式来表示。现在完成时则用have／has ＋p．p来表示。一般将来时则用shall／will／be going to＋v来表示。英语中时间意义的表达是通过动词的时和体来加以反映，而汉语中不存在时、体等，汉语则依靠表示时间的副词（如“曾经”、“正在”、“已经”、“将要”）作状语，或利用虚词“了”、“着”、“过”等作补语这一语法手段来体现，动词本身无任何变化。在英语中，“already”和“ever”常常用在完成时态之中，不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。学生常常把上述句子错译成“Yesterday I have been to the park．”“Five years ago，they have known each other．”又如在英语中，我们常常用否定前置来

"Enough! Enough!"I said when Father and Mother were still giving me more fish ad meat. My bowl was piled up like a little hill.

"Dont study too late into the night. Do be careful of your health. Have you had any examinations recently?"Father asked me in great concern.

My face turned red. I didnt dare to give Father an answer. I hadnt made any progress in my studies. I did badly in all subjects. I only got 60 for maths and failed in physics.

"It doesnt matter. Try to find better study methods and to work harder. I am sure you can enter a college!"Hearing these words, I bent my head down. What a kind father! He didnt scold me, but encouraged me instead.

"Have you used up the money I gave you last night?"With these words, Father was taking his wallet out."Mother has just given me 10 yuan.""Buy something to eat when you are hungry."Father passed me another ten-yuan note.

Should I accept it? Father and Mother love me deeply. Why couldnt I get god marks in exams? Tears came into my eyes.

"Dont cry. Now I will take you to the bus stop."As usual, Father carried that heavy bag and went to his dirty old bike.

[我的家人初中英语作文

Last March, my mother told my father and me that my grandfather would come

in April. We were very happy because my grandfather was an interesting old man

and he had not visited us since he went to Hong Kong.

On April 1 my father and I bought a lot of food from the supermarket and

bought a big bunch of flowers home. Then we did some cleaning at home. At night

when we were waiting for my grandfather, the bell rang and in came my mother.

She smiled to us and said "April fools"!

One day, I met a puppy on the road, it had a pair of bright eyes, like white snow, very cute, but it is always barking, and then it refers to the belly, I said to the dog : "You must be hungry!", The dog and barking, as if to say: "Yes."

So I took it home, took some snacks, a bowl of hot milk, it eat with relish, after eating I gave it a name called "little cute."

One day I took a bag of biscuits and keys out of the house, little cute behind me, suddenly called up and bumped me, I saw the original my key out, I picked up and touched its head : "Thank you, little cute."

Little cute is nice, cute and smart, I really like it.

A letter of thanks

Dear mother ,

The mothers day is coming and I would like to say “Happy mothers day” in

this letter. I love you and thank you so much for everything you did for me.

This day，I will stay away and cant give you my appreciation at home. I know I

will watch myself，so dont worry about me. I am doing very well on my study. My

schoolmates and teachers are all very nice. Though I cant be at home， I hope

you will have a wonderful mothers day.

Your son,

Li ming

1.进一步加强理论学习，更新教学理念，抽出时间学习新理论，以先进的教育理念指导自己的教育教学实践，本学期要学习有关有效教学资料以及改进评价内容和评价方法的资料，努力做到关注学生学业成就的同时，还要关注学生情感态度、行为方式的发展，注重培养学生综合实践的能力，全面提高学生的素质。

2.进一步落实与深化教学常规，聚焦常态课堂，打造高效课堂。按计划上好公开课，要求集体备课，及时评课，找出不足，共同学习，共同促进，以学生的主体作用为重点来实现高效课堂。同时，带领大家力求做到有效备课、有效上课、有效作业、有效培优补差，鼓励成员充分发挥教学特长，有效提高教学效率。

3.加强集体备课仍是本学期教研组工作的重点，因此要做到有计划、有目标、有实效，不走形式，各备课组本学期至少活动五次以上，时间固定，围绕主题，并有活动记录。以集体力量、集体智慧来提高全组成员的业务水平和教育教学能力。

4.初三备考是重中之重，加强初三毕业班工作的研究，提高毕业班教学效率，组织全组成员认真学习《中考说明》、《导引》和中考试卷分析材料，加强对中考动向的信息收集和试题研究。抓好听、说、读、写综合技能的培养，特别注重学生阅读、写作和应试能力的训练，力争顺利打响中考第一仗，争创中考英语成绩新辉煌。

5.加强科研文化建设，让研究成为习惯。研究能改变教师的生存状态，努力创设研究文化。本学期积极响应学校的科教研活动，开展一系列有关有效备课专题的活动：听说课的有效备课、阅读课的有效备课、复习课的有效备课。

6.继续建设本学科的资源库。建立学科的资源库，确实是一个利人利己的好举措。不断地添入新的资源，不断优化和建设资源库。

7.继续开展多样的学生活动，吸引学生的眼球,使学生更关注英语学习，营造有利于学生健康成长的学习环境。

总之，在校长室、教研室的带领下，我们英语组全体组员会开拓进取，不断完善自己，将教学质量放首位，为学校的教育事业贡献力量。

An Activity

Someone said here Lei Feng comes in March and goes in April. I thought they were wrong. This afternoon the students of our class went to the bus stop to help the drivers clean the buses.

As soon as the bus stopped at the station, a group of students got on it. Some cleaned the windows, some swept the floor, and others cleaned the wall inside. We worked hard while talking and laughing. When we found some coins lying on the floor, we picked them up and gave them to the conductors or the drivers.They were very happy and said, "It is very nice of you."

When I got home, it was five o’clock. I felt a little tired, but I was very happy to have done a good deed.

[初中初二英语作文

写作是考研英语的第二大重头戏，仅次于阅读。但是这部分又经常被考生忽略，考前不动手，依赖临考模板，很难写出高分作文。那么，如何准备2018考研英语写作呢?一起来看下。

对于考研英语写作，最基本的要求是考前必须动笔写出35篇文章，其中十篇应用文，二十五篇图画作文。注意：动笔写的文章最好是有范文的题目。写作应分为五步：

NO.1 写作

写作写作，第一步首先是写!一定要动手写，你看多少，背多少，都没有动手写来得实在，建议同学们拿考题多加练习。

NO.2 仔细对比

第二个就是仔细对比，写完后对照范文从三个方面去研究：第一个是内容，也就是构思和原文有何区别;第二个是语言，也就是用词、用句和原文有何区别?第三个是结构，就是你的行文思路和原文有什么区别?这是第二个步骤，写作的区别其实就是写作的弱点。

NO.3 背诵

第三步骤就是背诵：也就是可以去背诵一些范文。有的同学说了，范文我背过了，但是写作的时候还是不会写。有两个原因，第一个原因是你背得不熟，背得结结巴巴，还不如不背;第二个原因是没有练过，只是死记硬背。

所以为什么背了还不会用，有两个原因，第一背不熟，第二没有练过。背到什么程度，有12个字“滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善。”要背到不需要去想，不需要去动脑子!如果背一篇文章还需要去想，那就证明还背得不熟。大家上考场，如果能想起平时的70%，那已经是相当不错了。所以一定要背熟，这就是第三个步骤。

NO.4 默写

第四个步骤就是默写：背熟后把书合上，把这篇文章默写下来。默写后，做一个工作：仔细对比原文发现写作弱点，你会发现你默写的文章和原文会有一些出入，包括拼写、语法、标点等，这种错误就是你写作的弱点，最好能够把这些错误用红笔标出来。大家为什么写作拿不到高分，根源只有一个——错误太多。很多错误自己都不知道。

NO.5 仿写

第五个步骤就是仿写：什么叫仿写?就是模仿你背过的文章再写出一篇新文章。在背完一篇文章后，要想想这篇文章有什么精彩的词组、词汇和句型可以使用。然后换一个话题，把这篇作文用一下，用里面词汇、词组和句型去构思另一篇文章。

写作的注意点和技巧：写作首要的是，一、不跑题;二、字数达到要求;三、字迹整洁工整;四、少有语病。

这些是很基本的要求，考试的时候就要好好落实。比如，拿到作文题目后要审题。在写的过程中注意字数的限制，不要写太多，会扣分的，字数不够也会扣分。所以实在不行就写完一段话，停下来数一数字数。字迹工整可能短期内提高不了。只要你比平时稍慢一点写字母，就会写得比较整洁。要知道老师的印象分是很重要的。病句的避免技巧就是，凡是你想的过程中感觉别扭的句子，多半就是病句。干脆不要写出来，换一种形式去表达。不要追求好词，要追求准确性。

在考前，小作文的提高是非常快的。方法就是分析小作文的类型。应用文写作部分(小作文)考查内容包括投诉信、咨询信、道歉信、求职信等信函类应用文，而且涵盖报告、通知、海报等告示类应用文。不同类型的作文，要自己总结模版。小作文是完全可以准备模版的，其作用也是常明显。一定要注意：总结出自己的模板。

My Entrance Examination

For going on with my further studies， I took the entrance examination in a Senior Middle School last week。 I still remember there were more than three hundred candidates taking part in this examination。 For the first day， in the morning， Chinese was easy。 We were required to write a composition of 250 words on "My Home Life"， and give definitions and illustrations to twenty phrases。 In the afterno on， we took an English examination。 There were dictation， sentence formation， and analysis for oral English。 In the oral examination， I was questioned about my home life， my experience in the junior middle school and my future prospects。

On the second day， we were examined on history and geography in the morning and physics and chemistry in the afternoon。

我的入学考试

为了进一步学习，我上周在一所高中参加了入学考试。我还记得参加考试的有300多人，第一天上午，语文很简单，我们要写一篇250字的作文，关于“我的家庭生活”，并解释20个短语。下午，我们考英语，有听力，造句，分析口语。口语考试时，我被问道我的生活，中学经历以及未来的希望。

第二天，我们早上考历史、地理，下午考物理、化学。

My school

I am Alice. I am a student of No.1 Middle School. I study in Class Two Grade Seven.

There is a map of our school on the wall. The playground is in the middle of the school. On the left of the playground, there is a library. I like reading very much, so I often read books in the library. There is a teaching building behind the library. We study in that building. My classroom is on the second floor in that building. The teachers offices are in that building, too. Where is the sport hall? Oh, its on the right of the teaching building. I have P.E class in the sport hall. Thecanteenis in front of the sport hall. We have lunch and dinner in the canteen. In the school, I feel very happy!

This is my school. Its a big and nice place. I like my school very much. What about your school?

作文翻译：

我的学校

我是爱丽丝。我是一中的一名学生。我在七年级二班。

墙上有一张我们学校的地图。操场在学校的中间。操场左边是图书馆。我非常喜欢阅读，所以我经常在图书馆里看书。图书馆后面有一座教学楼。我们在那栋楼里面学习。我的教室在二楼。教师办公室也是在那栋楼。体育馆在哪里呢?噢，在教学楼的右边。我在体育馆上体育课。食堂在体育馆的前面。我们在食堂吃午饭和晚饭。在学校，我觉得很开心!

这是我的学校。是一个又大又漂亮的地方。我非常喜欢我的学校。你的学校是怎么样的呢?

She is such an ideal singer!

She is a girl with a lot of talent. She is a girl but she has individuality like a boy. On the stage, she sings and dances so well. She is so happy and she makes us excited… Can you guess who she is? Yes, she is Li Yuchun, the winner of "Super Girl 2005."She is a student of Sichuan Music College in Grade 3. She is twenty-one this year. She is 1.74 metres tall. Now she is very popular in China and even in the world. I know she worked hard in the past, and has succeeded today. Ill learn from her and try my best to achieve my dream.I like her because she is so cool and lovely. I love her because she makes me feel happy. I enjoy her because she is independent and she has the individuality of herself.

Li Yuchun, Ill cheer for you forever!

[歌手初中英语作文

When we are chatting with our friends happily, suddenly if we are talking about the awkward topic, we need to do something to change this situation, what are we gonna do?

The answer is using your humor to make things seem easy, and then your friends won’t take your awkward topic seriously. Humor is very important, it can adjust the atmosphere, making things work easily.

Life needs humor, without humor, life would be boring. Foreign people like to make friends with humorous people, they can feel relax when they are chatting, while most Chinese people are always taking things too seriously.

I like to make friends with humorous guys, they make me feel life is easy, and we should positive about life.

当我们和朋友聊得很开心的时候，突然如果我们聊到很尴尬的话题，需要做一些事情来改变情形，我们该怎么做呢？答案是使用你的幽默来让事情看起来轻松些，然后你的朋友就不会把你尴尬的话题当真。幽默很重要，它可以调整氛围，让事情更好地运行。生活需要幽默，没有幽默，生活就会很无聊。外国人喜欢和幽默的人交朋友，他们聊天的时候可以感到很轻松自在，然而大部分中国人总是把事情看得很正式。我喜欢和幽默的人交朋友，他们让我觉得自由，对生活要积极。

[初中英语作文：生活需要幽默

（1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如：

He goes to school early every morning.

The children are playing outside.

To work hard is necessary for a student.

（2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：

Both he and I are right.

Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.

但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：

His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

The poet and writer has come.

（3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：

In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.

Each man and each woman is asked to help.

（4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如：

The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.

Nobody but two boys was late for class.

Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.

（5） 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如：

A lot of people are dancing outside.

The police are looking for lost boy.

（6）由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如：

Is everybody ready?

Somebody is using the phone.

（7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：

Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.

Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.

如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：

Here are some new pairs of shoes.

My new pair of socks is on the bed.

at present, more and more people think that men and women should enjoy

equal rights. many countries even have passed laws to guarantee such an equality

between different sexes. accordingly, there are now no longer certain jobs or

certain places that are closed to women. the number of business women, female

doctors, scientists and leaders is considerably increasing.

there are three main reasons for the improvement of womens social

position. first, women themselves have been persistently struggling for

equality. second, men also realize that women are not born inferior to them.

women can do a great many things as well as or even better than men. third,

social development has produced a great demand for womens participation in

every field.

in spite of these changes the liberation of women has not been completely

realized. prejudice against women is deeply rooted still in some peoples mind,

especially in distant rural areas. so, mankind should take further painstaking

efforts to really realize equality.

The winter holiday is coming. I am very excited. I want to better my

holiday plan. Now let me tell you my plan.

I’m going to read some books and listen to music and relax for a few days

first. On the fifth day, I’m going to do my homework. Of course, I’m also going

to do some housework. Lunar New Year’s Day, I’m going to take a trip with my

parents. I think it must be very happy. I can hardly wait! In the first six days

of February, I’m going to visit my relatives. It’s going to be fun! After a few

days, I’m going to finish my homework, because I am going back to my school on

February 16th.

I like midsummer the most in the wholeyear. In the day time, it is very hot. It seems that we all live in the hotpan. It is not comfortable. But in the evening, the sky is clear and bright.

I cansee the stars clearly and sometimes I can see bright and round moon.

Besides,compared to the day time, midsummer night is very cool.

When the wind blowthrough me, I feel wonderful. My all day trouble is gone with the wind. I likelooking at the sky in the roof of my house in midsummer night. It is beautiful.

一年当中我最喜欢的是仲夏。白天的时候，天气很热。我们就好像生活在热锅上一样。很不舒服。但是，在晚上，天空很清澈明朗。我可以清清楚楚地看到天上的星星，有时我还能看到又亮又圆的月亮。而且，跟白天相比，仲夏夜很凉爽。当风吹过我的时候，那感觉是很棒的。一整天的烦恼都随风而逝了。我喜欢在仲夏夜我家屋顶上看天空。很漂亮。

[初中英语作文：仲夏夜

In haimen there is a park. it’s a big and beautiful park. it has two gates. they are the north gate and the west gate. many people park their bikes in front of the gates.

There is a shop at the north gate. when you go into the park through the north gate, you will find a large square on your right and you will see lots of trees and flowers around you. in the west of the park, there is a playground.

Sometimes some children fly kites on it and some people sit on the grass and chat. in the middle of the park, there is a lake. there are many boats on it. there is a hill in the east of the park.

The park is very beautiful. i love it very much. will you come to visit it some day?

People always say that life cant goes on well all the time, because we

will meet all kinds of difficulties. When we are students, we want to get

improved and do well in the exams. When we graduate and find a job, we need to

finish the task that boss has assigned. Even the time comes to retire, we still

need to find something to do. Setback is part of life, and we should get used to

it. When we face the difficult time, we should consider it as a test for us and

when we get through it, we will gain valuable experience. The pleasure we get

makes us proud.

我最喜欢的动物1

My favorite animals are swans.they are white.They can swim very well.I think they look like a beautiful girl in a white dress.They have a pair of wings and they can also fly well.I believe they are angles from the sky.They bring us love and make us happy.They are always friendly to us.We cant hurt them,because they are our friend.I love them!I like dogs,too.They are not beautiful,but they are the best friends.They keep the thieves away.Dogs have the best listening and eyes.They can hear in the noisy ,see in the dark.If we are in danger,they will help us at once.And they dont mind their lives.So,I love them.

我最喜欢的动物是天鹅。它们很洁白。它们很擅长游泳。我觉得它们看起来像一个穿着白色连衣裙的美丽女孩。它们替一对翅膀,并且可以飞。我相信它们是从天上来的。它们给了我们关爱,并且让我们快乐。它们对我们总是很友好，我们不能伤害他们，因为它们是我们的朋友。我爱它们!我也喜欢小狗，它们并不美丽，但他们是最好的朋友。它们可以防小偷。小狗有最好的听力和眼力。它们能在吵闹的环境中辩听出来,在黑暗中辩认出来.如果我们处于危险之中,他们将帮助我们脱离危险.它们从不吝啬它们的爱。所以，我爱它们。

我最喜欢的动物2

l like small animals, like the small animals to count my little black dog.

My little black dog she is cute! In black, shiny hairs, eyes with two white spots, like two white beads. On the head and on his thighs hair is very long, like a horse head to the ground. Straight ear, as if time in listening to what passed around. Thick and long broom tail swing, from time to time as a cleaner for free! More funny is that it always speaks with a wet nose toward me, like a sick child, seems to be very poor, in fact, I know it really want to play with me. In the invitation to me!

The little black dog temperament is very docile, very human nature. I get along with it for a long time, in love, it seems very understand me. Whenever I am angry, it squatted beside me quietly motionless and seems to want to accompany me through the sad time. I am happy, it will run up to and around me, "an auf" cried, very agreeable.

The puppy experience dangerous also have several times. Is the first time fell into the river, fortunately, was found to pull up, feed it to take medicine, good soon. And on several occasions by poison poison dog several times, but also by early treatment, will have to escape. From then on, it can sniff out those toxic food, what food non-toxic. Later, our dog never in poison. It very sharp!

I love my dog. I hope it will stay with me, to accompany me joyful growth!

我喜欢的小动物，最喜欢的小动物要数我家的那条小黑狗了。

我家的小黑狗可逗人喜欢啦!一身黑亮亮的绒毛，眼睛上面有两个白点，颇像两颗白色珠子。头上和大腿上的毛很长，像马鬓一样拖到地面。直楞楞的耳朵，好象时刻在倾听着周围有什么动静。又粗又长的扫帚尾巴不时摇摆着，像一个免费清洁工呢!更逗人的是它总翘着潮湿的鼻子向着我，像一个生病的孩子，看起来似乎很可怜，其实，我知道它很想和我玩。在向我发出邀请呢!

小黑狗的性情很温顺，很通人性。我和它相处久了，产生了感情，它好像很理解我。每当我生气的时候，它就静静地蹲在我身边一动也不动，似乎想陪我度过那难过的时间;我高兴的时候，它就会围着我跑来跑去，“汪汪汪”地叫着，很讨人喜欢。

小狗的经历危险也有几次。第一次是掉进了河里，幸好被人发现拉了上来，喂给它吃药，不久就好了。还有几次是被毒狗的人毒了几次，幸好也被及早治疗，才得脱险了。从那以后，它就能嗅出那些食物有毒，哪些食物无毒。后来，我家的狗再也没中过毒。它够机灵吧!

我喜欢我家的小狗。我希望它永远伴随我左右，陪我快乐成长!

我最喜欢的动物3

My home have a clever dog flow li, it has a beautiful name - the ball ball.

Ball ball body white as snow, two big eyes, nose and smooth detour, tail short, chopped far look like a small ball.

It particularly fond of sleep. One time, I take a shower, its in the sitting room east and west, then walk to a bedside table, really boring lives had a good stretch, belly up, carefree lying on the ground. Surface tilted his head to left, two small claw tightly embrace together, very intoxicated with close my eyes and fell asleep. When I take a shower, when he was looking for it to play, see it was fast asleep.

It is not only love to sleep, also very greedy. Remember once, we eat the delicious ribs, the ball ball saw this, he swallowed the mouth water, see it, I really dont have the heart to, had to throw a bone to the ground, the dog jumped up, quickly, he grabbed the bones, climbed to the bed, the Wolf to eat it, eat with relish.

This is my familys good sleep and greedy ball ball, do you like it?

我家有一只聪明怜俐的小狗，它有一个好听的名字—球球。

球球全身毛白如雪，铜铃大眼，鼻子滑漉漉的，尾巴短短的，远看就像一个小茸球。

它特别喜欢睡觉。有一次，我去洗澡，它在客厅东走走，西逛逛，实在无聊了便走到床头柜下，抻了个懒腰，肚皮朝上，悠然自得的躺在地上。小脑袋向左面歪着，两只小爪紧紧的抱在一起，很陶醉的闭上眼睛睡着了。等我洗完澡，正想找它玩的时候，看到它已经呼呼大睡了。

它不但爱睡觉，还很贪吃。记得有一次，我们吃着香喷喷的排骨，球球看见了，馋得直流口水，看到它的样子，我真的不忍心，只好向地上抛了一块骨头，小狗跳了起来，迅速地叼住了骨头，爬到了床底下，狼吞虎咽地吃了起来，吃得津津有味。

这就是我们家贪吃好睡的球球，你们喜欢它吗?

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径：

１．问题现状

２．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

There are many television programs in Taiwan today, from TV aeries, quiz shows, soap operas, movies to cartoons. Of all the programs, I like to watch cartoons the best, like Cartoon network, Disney and many others. I like to watch cartoons because they are funny and very interesting, especially when I am sad, tired or bored. I also like cartoon characters. they are so cute and vivid. We must use our imagination when we watch cartoons. Because they are often exaggerated, so you need to have a sense of humor.