汽车带来的环境污染英语作文(精选20篇)

Save the Wild Animals

Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction, because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example, with the developmet of cities, the using of insecticide and serious pollution, their living areas have become narrowcr and narrower. Many of the wild animals, now are confronted with food crisis. At the same time, man is killing off species just for getting their fur, skin, horns, teeth and meat.

In order to protect our resources of ecology, people should realize that the loss of any species is at least the loss of source of knowledge and a source of natural beauty. There fore, measures of the following should be taken: pollution standards are made to keepdown poisons; killing off certain rare species is prohibited; national parks should be set up as wild life, reserves.

Only if we human beings take some drastic measures can wild animals be preserved.

保护野生动物

许多野生动物正面临绝种的危险，因为它们生活的环境发生了极大的变化。譬 如，随着城市的发展，杀虫剂的使用和严重的污染，野生动物的生活区域变得越来越狭小。许多野生动物目前正面临着食物方面的危机。同时，为了获取野生动物的毛、皮、角、牙齿和肉，人类正在屠杀野生动物。

为了保护生态资源，人们应当意识到任何物种的缺失，至少意味着知识资源和自然美的缺失。因此，应采取以下措施：制订污染标准以降低有毒物质;严禁杀害某些稀有物种;应建立国家公园作为野生动植物保护区。

我们只有采取一些有力措施，才能保护野生动物。

Children’s education has been concerned by the public all the time. As they

are the future and will decide a country’s destiny, so the environment matters

so much to them. Most parents expect the school can provide the children a good

learning environment and ignore the importance of home education.

School provides the children a direct stage to receive education. In the

school, the teachers pass knowledge and educate them the right value. The

children know their task and as everybody around them focus the attention on

study, so they are affected by each other and have the strong desire to

learn.

Home education is easy to be ignored by most parents, they think it is the

teachers’ duty to educate children. Actually, most criminal teenagers have

family issues. Parents haven’t set good example for the kids. Sometimes they are

even the trouble makers. Without love, teenagers won’t grow up as the strong

people.

Both school and family environment are important for the children, and they

need to be nurtured with the good examples and learn knowledge.

在花园里、树林里，环境有许多的变化，比如：草变绿了，花变红了，树变多了，水变清了，草变少了，尾气变多了……

In the garden, the forest environment, there are many changes, such as: the grass is green, the flowers red, the trees become more, the water clear, grass less gas, more......

我先去访问了一下姑姑，姑姑说："我们家前面以前的小花园，花特别多，但在最近，许多花都枯死了，有的已经被摘了，不过有些人还在种树、种花，绿化花园。”

Im going to visit your aunt, aunt said: "before the small garden in front of our house, spend much more special, but in recent years, many flowers withered, and some have been picked up, but some people are planting trees, flowers, green garden."

我再去访问了一下爸爸，爸爸说："在姑姑家前面的西桥的下面有一条大河，以前那里河水很清澈，像镜子一样。就因为乱丢垃圾、乱排污水、洗涤……因此河水变得很混浊、很黑、很臭，河里的小鱼小虾也无法生存了。”

I went to visit my dad, dad said: "there is a river in front of the aunt of the West Bridge, where before the water is clear, like a mirror. Because littering, indiscriminate discharge of sewage, washing...... Therefore, the river becomes very muddy, very black, very smelly, river shrimp and small fish cannot survive."

我们应该做到保护环境、绿化环境、人人都能关心起来，才能让我们的环境更优美，大自然更加美丽。

We should do Protect environment, greening the environment, everyone can care about, to make our environment more beautiful, more beautiful nature.

It is undeniable that the worsening environment has become the biggest concern of the present-day world. Land resources are dwindling because of water loss and soil erosion. Waste gases poison the air we breathe. The rivers and lakes are polluted by waste dumped in them from factories. It is probably no exaggeration to say that deterioration of the quality of the environment threatens the existence of mankind itself.

Some people are of the opinion that the environmental problem is the price we have to pay for economic development. But I do not think that this argument is valid. After all, what is the point of economic growth if peoples lives are adversely alfected by worsening environmental pollution ?

不可否认环境恶化已成为当今世界最大的问题。土地资源在不断减少,因为水土流失。废气污染着我们呼吸的空气。河流和湖泊被工厂的 倒出来的废弃物所污染。这可以毫不夸张地说,环境质量的恶化威胁着人类的生存。

有些人认为环境问题是我们因为经济发展而必须要付出的代价。但我不认为这种观点是有效的。毕竟,经济增长的重点是什么?如果人们的生活环境被日益恶化、被严重污染了，那还有什么意义?

尊敬的环保局局长：

您好！

地球是我们的母亲，她用甘甜的乳汁哺育了我们。原来的地球是多么的可爱、楚楚动人，可是，现在的人类为了自己的利益，变得贪婪起来，地球已经变得不再美丽了。

您知道吗？其实，人类做出的很多事情都是属于浪费资源和污染环境的表现。例如：洗手和洗碗时水龙头开得很大、洗手搓肥皂时不关水龙头、本子和白纸还没写完就扔了、大量排放有毒气体、大量排放污水、乱扔垃圾、随地吐痰、汽车后面的排气管排出的废气等等，都是在浪费资源和污染环境，所以，请您一定要让大家改正这些不好的行为。

局长先生，您知道为什么人类会变得这样吗？我觉得这是因为你们环保局的环保意识没有宣传好，要么，就是你们宣传的东西不能让人们心服口服，所以，你们环保局也要多宣传一些有效的环保意识，让人们能够更加清楚的知道浪费资源和污染环境的坏处，从而让人们开始保护地球。

在此，我向您提出以下几点建议：

一、对于用水较少的家庭，实行低价收费；对于用水较多的家庭，实行高价收费。

二、在春天的植树节时，开展植树活动，然后对于参加植树的人发礼物。

三、在夏天时，开展一些"捡垃圾"活动，然后对于参加者发一些奖励。

四、对于浪费资源和污染环境的行为实行高额罚款。

……

从现在开始，让我们大家一起来保护环境，保护我们的地球母亲吧！

xxxx

xx年xx月xx日

Today, as the economy develops fast, people can buy what they need, the

producers provide them all the new things, so the factory produce many products,

in order to make the biggest profit, they don’t deal with the pollution. Water

gets polluted, it does harm to people’s health, we drink water everyday, the

government controls the producers to figure out some ways to deal with the water

pollution.

我们的环境污染我们的环境污染我们现在的生活比以前好得多，但环境跟以前简直就不能比。以前的空气清香并掺和着花草的芳香，河水清澈见底......

而现在呢?汽车排出的废气和工业废气相当多，河水臭气直出......我们大家为了过上好生活，都买汽车，但车主们有没有想过这样的量使用汽车的后果。有些地方之间的距离非常近，但车主们不想跑，就直接开汽车。假如一辆汽车一天排放一千克废气，那么中国每天大约有几千万辆汽车在行驶，那么一天就要排放几千万千克的废气。这个数目仅显示一天一千克的废气排放量和仅计算中国的废气排放情况。工厂的污染更严重，水和空气都要被污染。大量的废水排入大海和河流之中，以致大量的鱼虾、水中植物死亡和大量的水资源被污染......

我们地球上的资源也在一天一天的减少。大量可回收的品中只有3%是被回收并再生的。许多白色垃圾造成了白色污染。我心中的家园是和以前差不多的，可是这是很难挽回的。为了我么大家共同生活了几千万年的蓝色星球?——地球的美好未来而努力吧!

In the last several decades, our earth has been extremely polluted, such as

air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and so on. In recent years, the

extreme weather becomes more and more frequent. Winter gets colder and summer

becomes hotter and it rains more frequently. All of these warn us that

protecting the environment is a serious and emergent event. As our general

people, we should build proper lifestyle. We should pay attention to water and

light saving. When we go out, we should firstly choose the public

transportation. The most important is that we must realize that we can do a lot

of things to protect our environment. Its our duty to make our home better.

Let’s change from ourselves.

现在社会上，大量的环境已被严重的污染了，现在，看看这些被人们污染的环境吧！

河

我到公园散步时，闻到了一种臭鱼味，路上的行人也都用一只手捂住鼻子，用另一只手扇着臭味，我也受不了了，连忙加快脚步，我往下一望，原来是河里许多死鱼，这是为什么呢？我百思不得其解，然后又定神一看，想出来了，一定是河水被污染了，我看见了河里有许许多多的垃圾“聚集”在一起谈声说笑，所以一定是鱼儿们受不了了，才在这种恶劣的环境下“安息了”，最主要还是因为人们乱扔垃圾，让河水浑浊，被污染了，唉！望着原本清澈见底的河现在变黑了，原本活泼乱跳的鱼儿们也一动不动了，我有种说不出来的滋味儿！

空气

又是一个晴天，我一个人在街上走着，路上汽车多、公车多、摩托车多，喇叭声也不断地向我一个尽儿地涌来，车又多了起来，然而，行人却少了起来，因为路上空气变得刺鼻起来，汽车尾部工业废气中，含有多种有毒物质，在阳光照耀下，会产生许多有害气体，对人体呼吸道有很大损害，造成呼吸道疾病发病率高。大家为什么有自行车呢？它是克服心脏病的最佳工具之一，单车也能防止高血压，有时比药更管用，还能防止发胖、血管硬化，并使骨骼强半。而且自行车又不会排放废气，又能身体健康。这不是一举两得吗？所以我劝人们不开车只骑车，为整个地球多一分色彩，少一份肮脏吧！

在此，我呼吁大家爱护我们的家——地球，我们只有一个地球，你不爱护她她怎么爱护你呢？所以，让我们共同协力去把我们的家装扮得更美丽富饶吧！并且每个人都勤俭节约、要讲礼貌、讲卫生，这样一来，整个地球都会更美丽，更洁净的！我相信，大家听了我的呼吁后一定会一致行动起来，让我们共同把家变得更美，不是吗？

How to protect the environment?

Nowadays, more and more people realize it`s necessary and important to protect the environment. Also,there are some people who don`t pay attention to hygiene and they can`t stop littering the rubbish casually or spitting everywhere all the time.And in addition, there are a few factories often cutting down the trees, discharging chemicals and dirty water and so on.And it causes many problems like the Greenhouse Effect.If they do these day by day and our life will be harder and harder,so we have to stop them. To stop them we can put up commonweal advertisements and tell them the detriment of destroying the environment.So we can start from now to make a beautiful life.

如何保护环境?

现在，越来越多的人意识到保护环境是必要和重要的。同时，也有一些人不`不注意卫生，他们可以`停止乱扔垃圾垃圾随便或随地吐痰的时候。此外，还有一些工厂经常砍伐树木，排放的化学物质和脏水。这引起了诸如温室效应等问题。如果他们天天这样做，我们的生活会变得很困难，所以我们必须阻止他们。为了阻止他们，我们可以提出公益广告，并告诉他们破坏环境的危害，所以我们可以从现在开始做一个美好的生活。

Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers.Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence.

The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to cope with these problems by the government. Laws have been passed to stop pollution. I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.

全世界的环境问题变得越来越严重。例如汽车污染的空气影响了人们的呼吸，工厂释放污染的气体，山上的树木被砍伐，污水不断被排人河里。另外，无论我们走到哪里，到处可见随意丢弃的垃圾。事实上，污染正威胁我们的生存。

地球是我们的家园，我们有责任为我们自己和我们的后代去照顾好它。庆幸的是，愈来愈多的人们已经意识到这些问题。政府已经采取了很多措施去解决这些问题，法律已被通过以制止污染。我希望这些问题在不远的将来能得到解决，我们的家园变得越来越好。

Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. With the development of industry and agriculture, cars make great noises and give off poisonous gas. Trees on the hills have been cut down,and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore,wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed. The whole ecological balance of the earth is changing. Massive destruction of environment has brought about negative effects and even poses a great threat to mans existence.

We must face the situation that exists and take actions to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution, the pub!ic must receive the education about the hazard of pollution and so on. We hope that all these measures will be effective and bring back a healthful environment.

全世界的环境问题在变得越来越严重。随着工农业的发展，汽车制造噪音、排放毒气，山上的树木被砍伐，污水不断被排入河里。另外，无论我们走到哪里，到处可见随意丢弃的垃圾。整个地球生态平衡正在改变，环境的巨大破坏已带来负面影响，甚至对人类生存带来巨大威胁。

我们必须面对现实，采取行动解决环境问题。例如必须通过新的法律严格控制工业污染问题，大众必须接受污染危害的教育等。我们希望这些措施的有效实施能带给我们一个健康的环境。

一、Save the earth

How to protect theenvironment has become one of the biggest problems in the world .

It’s our duty toprotect our environment .No matter where we live ,we should do something tokeep our neighborhood clean and tidy .We can collect waste paper or otherwaste things for recycling.We should plant more trees and we should preventthose factories from pouring waste water into rivers,lakes and fields.We shouldn’t leave rubbish everywhere andspit in public places .We mustn’t pick the flowers or step on the grass inpublic.If everyone tries his best to protect the environment ,the world willbecome much more beautiful and our life will be better and better .

二、Improve our environment

Good environment canmake people feel happy.To improve the environment means to qualify our life .What should we do to improve our environment

We should plant moretrees .And we should prevent those factories from pouring waste water intorivers ,lakes and fields .Whenever we see litter on the ground ,we shouldpick it up and throw it into a dustbin .Don’t spit in public places .Don’tdraw on public walls .It’s our duty to keep our earth clean and tidy .

三、Pollutionaround us

Inrecent years our life is becoming better and better.But our environment isbecoming worse and worse.It’s very bad for our life.Now many people haveair-conditioners and cars,they produce (give off ) waste gas.More and moretrees are being cut down.There are so much sand on the earth (leaving onlysand ) .We often see factories pour waste into rivers or lakes.Water in theriver is quite dirty.We haven’t enough clean water to drink in cities.Now weare in danger.It’s very necessary and important to protect the environmentwell.I think if everyone tries his best to protect the environment,the worldwill become much more beautiful ,and our life will be better and better .

四、My country life

I like to live in the countryside.I live in a small village.There is a river near it.Lots of trees are around my house.I can see a lot of farms and birds.There is less noise.The air here is cleaner and fresher.There are fewer cars.I read aloud early in the morning.When it is getting dark,the moon is brightin the sky.It’s very quiet .What a nice place I live in !

[英语作文保护环境120词

There are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years. One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil. the polluted air does great harm to people’s health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What is more, vegetation had been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern cities.

To protect the environment, governments of many countries have done a lot. Legislative steps have been introduced to control air pollution, to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop any environmental pollution. Therefore, governments are playing the most important role in the environmental protection today.

In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.

仍有许多问题近年来环境保护。最严重的问题之一是严重污染的空气、水和土壤。空气污染给人们的健康带来极大的危害。被污染的水会引起疾病和死亡。更重要的是,植被已大大减少,现代城市的快速增长。

为了保护环境,许多国家的政府已经做了很多。介绍了立法措施控制空气污染,以保护森林和海洋资源,制止任何环境污染。因此,政府在环境保护中扮演最重要的角色。

在我看来,为了保护环境,政府必须采取更具体的措施。首先,它应该让人们充分认识到通过教育环境保护的重要性。第二,更应努力把人口计划生育政策付诸实施,因为更多的人意味着更多的人意味着更多的污染。最后,那些故意破坏环境者的人应该受到严惩。我们应该让他们知道破坏环境就是毁灭人类自己。

我的家乡是一个美丽的地方，可是我家乡的人们，不懂得保护大自然的环境，反而去污染环境。

在这里，白色污染空气相当多，列如：人们上商场，菜市场等购物，大多数的时候都会用白色塑料带装。人们用完了以后就随手扔掉了。

不光是白色塑料带，还有汽车的尾气，如：有的大老板，开着小汽车东奔西跑。在有的人看来下，感到很富裕的表现。但是，有些人们的看来下，是一种，把一种美好的环境污染了，感到伤痕累累，毫无生机。

还有你们知道么?一块小小的电池，可以把600亿方的水源污染了。有的村庄，有花,有草和树木，空气当然好了!可是，村庄里的人们不懂得保护，反而去污染大自然的环境。

晚上我梦到了我的家乡变成了一个美丽的大花园呢!

同学们让那个我们美好的环境一起加油吧!

：

The Importance of Trees

As we all know, trees are very useful. They are of great benefit to man as follows: First, trees provide us with wood and other products; Second, their roots can allow the rain to sink in and keep the soil, so they help to prevent droughts and floods. Trees can clean air and beautiful life.

Unfortunately, nowadays in many parts of the world lots of people fail to realize the importance of trees. They have cut trees down in large numbers without a plan,which makes the soil washed away. They dont know where there no trees, the rain washed away the surface of the soil and this causes floods.

We ought to plant trees each year and carefully look after new trees in order not to make the forest slowly disappear. Only in this way can we make the forest serve man forever.

树的重要性

众所周知，树有很多的用处，人类从中得到如下很多益处：第一，树给我们提供了木材和其他一些产品。第二，它们的根能让雨水渗进并保持乒壤以免被水冲走，所以树木可以预防旱灾和水灾。同时树木还帮我们净化空气，美化生活。

不幸的是，今天世界上很多地方人们没有意识到树木的重要性。他们无计划的大量砍伐树木，这样使得土壤被破坏，他们不知道那没有树的地方，一下雨就把土壤的表层冲走了，导致洪灾。

我们应该多植树，同时好好照顾小树，不要让森林一点点消失，只有这样才能让森林永远为人类服务。

Harmony with the environment is that we live in on Earth, who is a natural son, and not only to natural persons as the conqueror, as we all know, there is only one earth and the mountains on Earth, the animals. Plant human cells, if it damaged, destroyed nature organizations, to the eradication of mankind. Therefore, the environment must be linked with social ethics, character education and practice acts as an important element of it. Everyone must fulfil its responsibilities and obligations to protect the environment.

人与环境是和谐相处的，我们生存在地球上，人是自然之子，而不能仅把人看作自然的征服者，大家都知道，人类只有一个地球，地球上的山山水水、动物。植物是人类的细胞，如果我们把它损坏了，破坏了大自然的组织，等于消灭人类。因此，环境要与社会公德联系起来，与实践行为作为人格教育的一项重要内容来抓。每个人都要履行保护环境的责任和义务。

关于环保的英语作文带翻译仅供大家学习和参考，希望对于大家的英语写作有所帮助和裨益，同时也希望大家都认真的保护我们的环境，将我们的家园建设的更加美好和和谐!

以下是为大家整理的关于以中国的环境污染为话题的初中英语作文的文章，希望大家能够喜欢！

Directions:For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:

Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China You should write at least120 words following the outline below in Chinese.

1. 中国的污染的现状

2. 造成污染的原因

3. 解决的办法

Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China

It is reported that ten big cities in China are being ranked among the top twenty cities with the highest pollution index in the world. This means it is high time we did something to bring the situation under control.Many factors are contributing to the deteriorating situation: industrial wastes pumped into the air， the lakes and rivers; a increasing number of automobiles crowding into the streets; the widespread use of plastic bags etc.

To my view， stiffer laws and regulations must be implemented to check pollution. Industries that release wastes without permission should be heavily fined. Cars should be equipped to minimize the exhaust they release into the air. And the use of plastic bags and disposable meal boxes should be banned. What’s more， the media should play an important role in implanting a sense of environmental consciousness into people’s mind. If everybody works toward a common goal of making the environment better， we can create a cleaner and lovelier world for us and for the coming generation.

In our daily life, the living environment is very important. But in daily life people in protecting the environment is not very seriously.

In order to let our beautiful environment, no hurt. There are many old people to clean street, greening lawn. They finished a day early out, to the motherland green environment at all costs. But as fate would have it, those who do not care for the environment but also to destroy, we have to provide for those who do not care for the environment and ideological work, let them early day break habits.

On the way we go to school, there is also a team the many classmates litter waste. For example: some students throw snack bags at the school gate, and the classmate throw like folded paper airplane, even along the wall into the school. Their actions again and again to affect not only school, to be on duty every morning classmates brought a lot of trouble.

Meeting in the school, the teacher again and again asked, to persuade, but some classmate dont persuaded, but continue to damage the environment, shorten the life of the earth.

Once, the school organization we 2, grade 6 students to pick them pick up white trash park lawn. Before departure, I thought to myself, common tour to play in the park, think there are clean. Today to pick up white trash, should be few, pick up must be very easy.

But when I walk there, looked down, I was shocked. There are a lot of rubbish on the ground. Waste paper, cigarette butts, plastic bags, etc. These are everywhere, a green lawn, under the destruction of tourists has become a piece of environmental pollution, this is how serious environmental problems.

In the face of the lawn, make us angry, try to eliminate those rubbish. After 100 minutes of our labor, labor, and the grass is finally back to the original beautiful, famous flowers qi yuan contend in fragance and fascination. We can not help but sigh: originally the earth also is very beautiful!

在我们日常生活中 ,生活环境是十分重要的.但在日常生活中人们在保护环境上并不十分重视.

为了能让我们的环境优美,不受到伤害.有许多老人来打扫大街,绿化草坪.他们每天早出完归,为了祖国的绿化环境不惜一切代价。但那些不爱护环境的人偏偏还要去破坏，我们一定要为不爱护环境的人做好思想工作，让他们早一日改掉恶习。

在我们上学的路上，也有许队多同学乱丢废弃物。比如说：有的同学把小吃袋扔在校门口外，还有的同学把叠好的纸飞机随意乱扔，甚至顺着墙扔进学校.他们的这些行为不但一次又一地影响着学校，还给每天早晨做值日的同学带来了很大麻烦。

在校会上，老师一次又一次叮嘱、说服，但有些同学并不听劝，而是继续破坏环境，缩短地球的寿命。

有一次，学校组织我们2—6年级同学到采俸公园的草坪上捡白色垃圾。在出发之前，我心里想，平常到采风公园玩的时候，觉得那里比较干净。今天去捡白色垃圾，应该很少，捡起来一定很轻松吧。

但当我走道那里，低头一看的时候，却把我惊呆了。地上有许多垃圾。废纸、烟头、塑料袋等。这些到处都是，一块绿色的草坪，在游人的破坏下成了一片环境污染地，这是多么严重的环境问题。

面对这块草坪，使我们愤怒不已，努力去消除那些垃圾。经过我们100分钟的劳动，草坪终于恢复到了最初的美丽，名花齐葩争芳斗艳。我们不禁感叹：原来地球也是很美的呀!

I am not supportive of the idea that either takes priority. It is necessary and absolutely possible that economic development and environmental protection co-exist, in the sense that both of them are indispensable factors for the prosperity of society.

Economic development is seemingly more important, due to the fact that it creates enormous job opportunities, improves living conditions and increases government revenues. Yet, the above goals can only really be reached on condition that the environment is well protected. And, interesting, it is the economic development per se that provides the money and personnel resources required for the protection of the environment. A well-preserved environment is the groundwork for the economy and in a way promotes economic growth. A fast-development and well-functioning economy calls for a good environment, which offers essential resources, e.g. wood, coal, water, and so on. Once the environment deteriorates, the production process is likely to be disturbed or even halted. What is worse, natural disaster that comes with the worsening environmental conditions might even paralyze the whole economy and pose a severe threat to human life. The pursuit of short-term economic profit is the destruction of our home and that of our posterity.

So economic development and environmental protection are equally important. In this case, we are actually working on an environment-friendly economy.

Environmental Pollution

the problem of pollution, cause, artificial substances, release, waste products, industrial production, consumption of goods, bring it under control, agriculture, chemicalsubstancea.

Environmental Pollution

I read a piece of news recently. It says that in Japan marly businessmen ave selling fresh air to customers.and now it is becoming more and more popular. Why? --Fresh air is getting less and less in Japan, and so is it in the U. S. A.

In fact, environmental pollution is a very serious problem the whole world is facing.

it is mainly caused by the waste products released from artificial substances, industrial

production and increased consumption of goods. Bedsides, the use of chemical substances

in agriculture also causes environmental pollution.Look at the sky, you can see that dense smoke is being released from the high and big chimneys; those dirty and poisonous substances are flowing into the rivers that we use for drinking water and millions of tons of waste products are heaping around us.

How to change this condition? More and more countries are trying to work out some effective means to bring it under control, but no great success has been made.

环境污染

最近我读了一则消息说在日本，许多商人向顾客出售新鲜空气，现在这种情况越演越烈。为什么呢? 因为在日本新鲜空气越来越少，在美国也是如此。

事实上，环境污染是整个世界正在面临的一个严重问题。这主要是由于人造物质，工业生产过程中所产生的废料以及消费商品的增长造成的。另外，在农业中使用化学物品也造成了环境污染。看看天空，你可以看到浓烟从高大的烟囱中释放出来，这些脏而有毒的物质流入我们赖以饮水的河流，数百万吨废物正堆积在我们周围。 中国大学排名

怎样改变这种状况呢？越来越多的国家正在试图拟定出一些有效措施控制环境污染，但至今成效不大。

在十年前的中国，大气污染问题对于普通民众来说可能是个比较飘渺的话题。正如空气本身的性质一样，看不见摸不着却无处不在。而专家学者们则主要关注的是对于工业生产，燃煤发电所产生的硫氧化物的处理和汽车尾气中氮氧化物的处理。十年时间飞逝，随着中国经济的迅速发展，人们生活水平的不断提高，人们开始关注生活的质量问题。与其同时越发严重的正是中国以牺牲环境为代价发展经济所带来的环境问题，其中大气污染问题尤其明显。这几年来关于温室气体和温室效应的话题被讨论得沸沸扬扬，专家们各有其立场，但对于普通百姓来说，全球变暖问题似乎仍很遥远。对于温室气体所带来的全球变暖，海平面上升，冰川融化，动植物灭亡的问题，人们大多数是在电视新闻或报刊杂志上看到，恶劣天气的频发也并不是发生在世界每个角落。相比于温室气体所带的大气污染问题，人们开始关注更多的便是最近发生在北京，广州，武汉等多地的灰霾问题。尤其是在北京持续很久的灰霾严重影响了当地人们的日常生活和身体健康，更是引起了广大专家学者和普通民众的高度关注。而其实对于灰霾现象，国外专家学者很多年前便开始研究。

那么何为灰霾？灰霾是导致近地面大气浑浊的多种空气污染物的混合体。构成灰霾的主要污染物是硝酸盐、硫酸盐、有机碳、元素碳、等固体细颗粒物（PM2.5）和臭氧()、二氧化氮（）、二氧化硫（）、挥发性有机物（）等气态污染物。灰霾往往与天然污染源的排放和二次污染污染物的形成有关，还与一定的气象条件和地形有关。我们现在最关注的同时也最难解决的室外污染物之一是可吸入颗粒物。可吸入颗粒物被分类为两种，直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物（PM2.5）和直径小于10微米的颗粒物（PM10）。虽然两种形式的颗粒物都对人类健康有极大的危害，PM2.5被普遍认为是更危险的，因为它的体积小，大约只有人类头发宽度的1/30。人们在呼吸时，PM2.5可以进入人类肺组织深处，甚至进入血液，造成严重的健康问题。同时更小的颗粒物在大气中可以有较长的停留时间。因此，PM2.5可以传播的更远，停留在空气的时间越长，影响更大的人口。PM2.5和PM10的主要来源包括机动车，电厂和其他工业源，以及生物质的燃烧。其中一个主要的来源是柴油为动力的车辆。这些污染源相结合，可以在城市或农村地区天空一片阴霾，而且往往发生在下午时段。

对于容易形成灰霾的城市,除了城市当地工业污染,汽车尾气的影响以外,特定的地形导致污染物的难以扩散也是灰霾形成的主要原因，像美国的洛杉矶,还有前面提到的受灰霾影响的北京和武汉都受到了地形的影响。洛杉矶市三面被群山包围，当地空气干燥，白天阳光充足。到了晚上，地表面冷却很快。地面附近的空气变冷，而上层空气都比较热，形成逆温。北京市位于华北平原的西北边缘，背靠太行山余脉和燕山山脉，面对辽阔的华北平原，东南距渤海约150公里, 地处暖温带半湿润地区，气候属于暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候,四季分明，春季多风和沙尘，夏季炎热多雨，秋季晴朗干燥，冬季寒冷且大风猛烈。武汉市则居于内陆、距海洋远，周围地形如盆地，集热容易散热难，河湖多、晚上水汽多，城市热岛效应和伏旱时副高控制明显。通过比较以上3个城市的情况可以发现它们都是较大的工业城市，而且城市海拔较低，周围至少有一面是高地，都分布在低于南北纬50度的地方。这些地区夏季阳光明媚，天气温暖干燥。在城市的盆地地区，逆温现象十分普遍。夏季的阳光使地面温度升高，城市街道和建筑物迅速升温，与炎热的物体表面接触的空气温度升高。通过对流空气向上运动，但它却不能穿透逆温层，因为上面的空气温度更暖且密度更小。空气聚集，但连续的对流形成了垂直的循环，使空气完全混合在一起。从建筑物和汽车废气释放出的气体和颗粒也都聚集在逆温层下，通过对流把聚集的空气彻底混合。这样导致污染物无法快速扩散而聚集，大大增加了当地的污染物浓度。

城市内部灰霾的形成也同样受到了这种类似地形的影响，学者称它为街谷模型。随着城市化的加速，城市及城市周边的自然生态系统逐渐被人工生态系统取代，取而代之的是钢筋混凝土浇筑的高楼与马路,很容易形成城市街道峡谷。这种城市街道峡谷是指两侧有连续，高大建筑物的狭长城市街道空间。在这种地形下,上层大气在进入城市时，风速迅速降低并产生特殊的湍流，使街谷内的流场完全不同于上层大气。而气流对污染物具有显著的运输、稀释、和扩散作用，因此，对城市街谷内污染物的浓度、分布有着很大影响。北京的灰霾现象正是因为污染物积聚难以扩散而导致北京的灰霾持续了如此之久。有相关专家的研究发现,除了通过控制排放源,增大扩散和增加沉积率来降低大气中污染颗粒物的浓度以外,地面的性质也影响着颗粒物的浓度。有研究表明植被对城市空气质量能有接近5%的提高。在城市，尤其是在城市街谷地带种植植被能通过增加沉积作用而降低60%的可吸入颗粒物（PM）浓度和40%的二氧化氮（NO2）浓度。因此，通过对植被的合理利用能过创造一个有效的城市污染过滤膜，对密集城市地带空气质量的提高有着快速有效并且持续性的影响。

灰霾问题不是一个暂时性的问题，相反它是一个长久的问题，从它如何形成，加剧到我们如何解决治理并消除都需要一段很长的时间。

灰霾现象，它只是地球环境污染的一个缩影。我们更应该探究它的根源问题，什么才是它形成的根源，什么才是它加剧的根源。我们没法通过改变天然的气候和地形来解决城市灰霾问题，但我们可以通过减少排放源，通过增加植被，加强城市绿化来阻止灰霾的加剧。人类的不断进步使得人们在追求高科技的同时却忘记了自然本身的无穷力量。越来越高的大楼，越来越发达便利的交通，相反的却是城市越来越差的生活环境。在灰色的钢筋水泥世界里生活久了，人们是否会怀念那晴朗的蓝天，向往呼吸新鲜的空气和在那充满生机的绿色大自然世界里生活。