关于书信的高一英语作文【精品20篇】
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421保护环境英语作文高一80词
全文共 1340 字
+ 加入清单Once man did not have to think about the protection of his environment。
There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be
unlimited。
Today things are different。 The world has bee too crowded。 We are using up
our natural resources,and polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals。 If
we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive。
We realize that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be
none left。 Yet,with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught。We
know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear。 Yet, we
continue to use powerful machines to cut down more and more trees。 We see that
if rivers are polluted with waste products, we will die。 Yet, waste products
are
still put into rivers。
We know that if the population continues to rise at the present rate, in a
few years, there wont be enough food。What can we do to solve these
problems?
If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will be more food available。
Land for crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are
kept。
Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycie them。
The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods
of birth control。
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems we shall have a
better and cleaner planet in the future。
更多相似作文
篇1:高一下学期期末英语
全文共 1047 字
+ 加入清单Ladies and gentlemen,From Chart 1, we can see high school students are from different family backgrounds.
Besides local students, who make up 91 percent, eight percent of the students are the children of non-local workers. Another 1 percent are foreigner students.
As is shown in chart 2, sixty percent of them intend to go to university, which is double the
number of those who will attend vocational schools. Besides, the other ten percent choose to go abroad for further study.
In conclusion, it seems clear that our city government has made more efforts to help the non-local workers, whose children can enjoy the equal right of a good education with the city
students. Also with the economic development of our city, more foreigners are attracted to set up businesses here and they are happy to send their children to local schools to learn more about China and Chinese culture. In addition, we have more freedom to choose what we would like to do after graduation. Going to college is no longer the only choice for most of us as it was years ago.
篇2:高一下册关于手机的英语作文
全文共 1505 字
+ 加入清单The future technology unimaginable, go, mobile phone is very convenient.
I developed a kind of the latest model of mobile phones, and rubber difference would like, the test, you can take it in hand, tried to cheat, and when the supervisor came over, you can immediately said: "this is the difference in rubber." In the paper, and then moved on, the supervisor, and continue to cheat, very convenient.
Kind of function with this phone is can be changed into human form, when you are happy, he will share it with you, when you are sad, he will share with you, when you are sad, he will give you, when you worry, he will give you happiness, has a very strong voice systems, languages, and identify system.
This phone is better than a computer, with convenient. On the Internet, the network is a computer 100 times, and with carry, where go to, to play games also better than the computer manipulation, and acoustic control, the appearance of mobile phones also can change, but also is the size of rubber is poor, if you want to make it big, you can unlock the function of size, as well as great.
This is developed by my mobile phone, convenient, and easy to understand.
未来的科技不可想象,千变万化,手机也是很方便的。
我研制了一种最新型的手机,和橡皮差很想,考试的时候,可以把它拿在手里,使劲的作弊,,当监考老师走过来的时候,你可以马上说:“这是橡皮差。”然后装作在差卷子,监考老师走后,又继续的作弊,很方便的。
这款手机还有种功能,就是可以变成人形,当你快乐时,他会和你一起分享,当你伤心时,他会和你分担,当你忧愁时,他会给你解闷,当你烦恼时,他会给你快乐,拥有很强大的语音系统、语言系统与分辨系统。
这块手机比电脑更好,跟方便。上网时,网速是电脑的100倍,而且随声携带,走到哪里带到哪里,玩起游戏来也比电脑好操纵,而且还是声控的,手机的外形也可以变化,但也只有橡皮差大小,如果想让它变大,就可以开启大小功能,和金箍棒一样。
这就是我研制的手机,方便、易懂。
篇3:英语书信作文万能句型:邀请信
全文共 561 字
+ 加入清单1、I"d like ...to come to dinner
非常希望...共进晚餐
2、request the pleasure of
恭请...
3、The favor of a reply is requested
敬赐复函
4、May I have the honour of your company at dinner?
敬备菲酌,恭请光临
5、Thank you for inviting us to dinner
谢谢您邀请我们共进晚餐
6、I hope you"re not too busy to come.
我期望您会在百忙中光临
7、The reception will be held in ...,on ...
招待会定于...在...举行
8、We sincerely hope you can attend
我们期待您的光临
9、We are looking forward to ...
我们期待着....
点击查看:英语写作指导
10、We have decided to have a party in honor of the occasion
为此我们决定举办一次晚会
11、Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience
是否参加,请早日告之
篇4:关于网购英语高一
全文共 1836 字
+ 加入清单The usage of Internet becomes one of the most controversial topics in the
society. As a college student, I believe Internet is beneficial to me more than
the way it harms me. There are many advantages for using Internet.
First, I can best use my time to find information online instead of going
to different libraries. Also, the information can be dated back in decades ago.
It is very helpful to use those information as reference and historical proof.
In the library, it is hard to find so much "old" information. Another advantage
to use Internet is that I can stay home and have a lecture online. It is much
more convenience to me because I can stay warm to have class in the winter time
instead of spending two hours on the bus and physically attend class. In
addition, Internet provides me a better way to communicate with my friends and
professors. I can get response from my professor in a few minutes instead of
waiting outside of his door for hours. Some of my friends are living in a
foreign countries, I can simply just drop him an email whenever I can and get a
message from him very quick. It is much better than waiting for letters. Also,
the email will not lose while the letter might be losing in the process of
delivery.
However, there are also disadvantage of using Internet. For example, I
might spend too much time on the Internet to concentrate on my study. Also,
there is a chance that I am cheated because of the Internet purchasing. Last,
Internet has lots of information, both helpful and harmful. There might be too
much tempatation that I will access some of the harmful information I can on the
Internet.
Even though the usage of Internet has both positive and negative effect to
me, I still consider Internet is a symbol of technology development. I believe I
can use the Internet very well as long as I know how to control myself.
篇5:高一年级关于阅读的英语作文带翻译
全文共 2002 字
+ 加入清单The book is an indispensable part of people, gorky once said: "books are the ladder of human progress."
Book, give me knowledge and give me wisdom, is reading I learned that Huang Detian teacher wrote "mingle" by the book, let me know how a lot of life philosophy.
After I finished reading the book "mingle", I didnt find the book he is our knowledge of an ocean, with books is the most lucky thing, in the "center", I read the contents inside, is he let me understand the center of this a few words to understand, in life, I still is to respect teachers, respect for their parents, their words, we are going to listen to, because they are more knowledgeable than we, therefore, their knowledge, skills, are stronger than we; Because they love us very much, so, they will repeatedly told us that we should never complacent, dont like some people, dont respect teachers in school, no respect for their parents in the home, often with teachers and parents talk back, never go to think about it, is for the sake of his good teachers, parents, will only complain their parents and teachers, teachers and parents are sometimes said to avoid wrong shipment, a review of the wrong you, that also should correct in suitable places, and have to wait for each other to calm down, just to negotiate this matter peacefully, but also by the other party, dont mad at go against them, this will only make them more more anger, only calm, calm to solve the problem, the other has said, jun not smell "dont listen to the old man said, suffer in at the moment."
书是人们不可缺少的一部分,高尔基也曾经说过:“书是人类进步的阶梯。“
书,赋予我知识、赋予我智慧,看书是我了解到黄德甜老师所写的《语重心长》通过这本书,让我懂得了不少的人生哲理。
在我读完《语重心长》这本书后,我才发觉到书他是我们知识的一片海洋,能与书为友是最庆幸的事,在《语重心长》里,我读懂了里面的内容,是他让我明白了语重心长这几个字的理解,在生活中的我,仍然是要懂得尊重师长、尊重父母,他们的话,我们要听,因为他们的见识比我们多,所以,他们的学识、技能也比我们强;因为他们十分关爱我们,所以,他们才会反复叮嘱我们,我们千万不要自以为是,不要像一些人,在校不尊重师长、在家不尊重父母,而经常与师长、父母顶嘴,从不去想想,师长、父母是为了他好,只会心里埋怨自己的父母与师长,难免有时师长、父母是会说错批、评错你,那也要在适合的场所纠正,和必须等对方冷静下来,才和平地去谈判这件事情,而不要在对方还在气头上去顶撞他们,这样只会更加的让他们更怒气,只有心平气和、冷静才能解决问题,古句也有说国,君不闻“不听老人言,吃亏在眼前。”
篇6:高一英语作文辅导100词
全文共 853 字
+ 加入清单Today was the first day of my new life. I looked at my new books and
checked everything for the new school year. I was excited as well as
worried.
Entering new school, I was curious about everything, new classrooms, new
teachers, new classmates etc. It would be a new start for each student. And what
I was worried about is that I had no friends here. I wondered if no liked to
play with me. Were the teachers strict with students?
I fell relaxed when the teacher asked me, What else could I help you,
freshman?". I found that the teachers were kind and polite, and the classmates
around me were friendly. While I was thinking about how to get on well with my
classmates, my desk mate showed me his favorite Ipad4s. He wanted to play with
me, but I didnt know how to play, so he taught me patiently, and we played
happily.
Worries have gone, and happiness is coming.
篇7:高一关于世界无烟日的英语作文
全文共 2227 字
+ 加入清单The Flag of the World Health OrganizationThe World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialised United Nations agency which acts as a coordinator and researcher for public health around the world. Established on 7 April 1948, and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health Organization, which had been an agency of the League of Nations. The WHOs constitution states that its mission "is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health." Its major task is to combat disease, especially key infectious diseases, and to promote the general health of the peoples of the world. Examples of its work include years of fighting smallpox. In 1979 the WHO declared that the disease had been eradicated - the first disease in history to be completely eliminated by deliberate human design. The WHO is nearing success in developing vaccines against malaria and schistosomiasis and aims to eradicate polio within the next few years. The organization has already endorsed the worlds first official HIV/AIDS Toolkit for Zimbabwe from October 3, 2006, making it an international standard.
The WHO is financed by contributions from member states and from donors. In recent years the WHOs work has involved more collaboration, currently around 80 such partnerships, with NGOs and the pharmaceutical industry, as well as with foundations such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundation. Voluntary contributions to the WHO from national and local governments, foundations and NGOs, other UN organizations, and the private sector (including pharmaceutical companies), now exceed that of assessed contributions (dues) from its 193 member nations.
世界卫生的旗帜OrganizationThe世界卫生组织(世卫组织)是联合国的一个专门机构作为协调员,世界各地的公共卫生研究员。成立于1948年4月7日,总部设在日内瓦,瑞士,该机构继承了其前任的授权和资源,卫生组织,这是联盟的一个机构。宪法规定,其使命是谁”是实现各国人民的最高水平的健康。“它的主要任务是对抗疾病的侵袭,尤其是关键的传染病,并促进世界人民的健康。其工作的例子包括多年的战斗天花。1979年世界卫生组织宣布这种疾病已经根除——历史上第一疾病完全消除故意人类设计。谁是接近成功发展中疟疾和血吸虫病和旨在根除脊髓灰质炎疫苗在未来几年内。组织已经批准了世界上第一个官方艾滋病毒/艾滋病工具包津巴布韦从10月3日,2006年,一个国际标准。
世卫组织是由贡献从会员国和捐助者。近年来,他的工作涉及到更多的合作机会,目前大约有80这样的伙伴关系,与非政府组织和制药业,以及比尔和梅林达•盖茨基金会等基础和洛克菲勒基金会。自愿捐款的那些国家和地方政府、基金会和非政府组织、其他联合国组织和私营部门(包括制药公司),现在超过评估的贡献从其193个成员国(费)。
篇8:高一关于节日英语作文:五一劳动节
全文共 694 字
+ 加入清单May Day that day, I meet my brother and younger brother to play in the riverside wetland park. Im very glad to get off when Im singing while jumping down.
So many people in the park! Some fly a kite, some play in the water, and watch the scenery. My favorite is the reeds. The green reeds sway in the wind, as if to welcome us; There were a few wild duck in the reeds, swam to busy to catch fish and shrimp eat; Little dragonfly fly tired, fell on the reeds, pointed to rest!
The park is really fun, we had a happy May Day.
五一节这天,我相约哥哥和弟弟去滨河湿地公园玩。我非常高兴,下车时我是一边哼着歌一边蹦下去的。
公园里的人真多哪!有的放风筝、有的在水边玩耍、还有的观赏风景。我最喜欢的就是芦苇荡。绿油油的芦苇荡随风摇摆,好像是在欢迎我们的到来;还有几只野鸭在芦苇丛中游来游去,正忙着捉鱼虾吃;小蜻蜓飞累了,落在芦苇尖上休息呢!
公园里可真好玩,我们过了个快乐的五一节。
篇9:中考英语作文指导:书信类
全文共 1070 字
+ 加入清单书信我们分为两部分:信封和内容。
1、信封的写法。
英语信封正面的左上角,写发信人的姓名和地址。在信封的正面中央偏左一点,写收信人的地址和姓名。
英语信封上的地点名称由小到大,视其长短可占二至五行不等。
寄信人只写姓名,不写头衔。但是,收信人一般都在名字前加上头衔,以示礼貌和尊敬。对于没有官衔和学衔的人士,通常在姓名前写上Mr., Mrs.,或Ms.。
信封的写法,一般来说,很少出现在中考英语的作文中。
2、内容。
英文信一般可以分为下列几个部分。
1)信端(Heading)即写信人的地址和发信日期。
2)收信人姓名地址
3)称呼
4)信的正文
5)结束语
6)签名
有的时候,出题者会让考生写e-mail。e-mail的写法和书信的写法基本一致。只不过少了书信在信封上的繁琐。
根据中文大意,写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的短文。
假设你叫王明,昨天收到了笔友David的e-mail,得知他不久要到北京来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你用英文给他回复一封e-mail,介绍学习中文的体会和方法,提出你的建议,以及表达你帮助他学好中文的愿望。
Dear David,
Im glad youll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now. Its difficult for you because its quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. Its also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. Im sure youll learn Chinese well.
Hope to see you soon in Beijing.
Yours,
Wang Ming
篇10:高一年级英语作文:On the Internet
全文共 532 字
+ 加入清单The Internet is becoming more and more important in our daily life. On the net, we can learn news both at home and abroad and all kinds of other information as well. We can also send messages by e-mail, make phone calls, go to net school, read different kinds of books and learn foreign languages by ourselves. Besides, we can enjoy music, watch sports matches and play chess or cards. On the net, we can even do shopping, have a chat with others and make friends with them. In a word, the Internet has made our life more colourful.
篇11:关于春节的高一英语
全文共 810 字
+ 加入清单Today is the annual traditional festival in China, "Spring Festival". The morning sun was still in bed, I was like the sound of firecrackers to wake up. I get up and wash, this is my brother and sister have been wearing new clothes neat and I go to visit my grandparents and grandparents give us pay New Years call, each made a big red, I opened the door to stay, which contained a $100 bill, I like to eat honey, happy the flowers.
After eating dumplings, my mother said that I dont have to write my homework today. I can play a day with my brother and sister. I am very happy after I hear it.
The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. On this day, every family has to eat dumplings, set off firecrackers, put up couplets and hang lanterns, which is the happiest and happiest day of the year.
篇12:关于网购英语高一
全文共 994 字
+ 加入清单Many years ago, when the online business first became popular among the
public. The manufacturers tried to make some slogans so as to catch more
customers. Then the day of November 11th was named the single day, and they gave
great discount. Today, it has become a shopping day.
There is no doubt that e-commerce is the future. With more young people
rely on the Internet, they get used to purchase online. Looked at the past five
years, November 11th gala has been famous around the world for the great profit
gained on that day. According to the report, the total income of e-commerce on
this gala surpasses the rest days of the year! What a surprise data.
The businessmen sense the great market potential and they advocate people
to make purchase on that single day, because there is great discount. If they
miss it, they will be regretful. With the successful marketing strategy, all the
people are so crazy about this gala. No one can resist the temptation, because
there is always something they want.
篇13:高一学生英语日记
全文共 1188 字
+ 加入清单A funny thing happened during the summer vacation.
On the morning of July 13th, the weather was clear and the sun was bright. My mother took me to the village of Li Jia to visit her grandmother. The two aunts and two cousins were also in grandmas house. I was very happy. On this day, I was playing with two cousins, and two of us got me to make you a little bit of fun. Then, I went to the river with two cousins to pick up the pebbles, and we picked up a lot of strange stones, some like the pentagram, some like cars, some like peoples hearts, and... We picked up some stones and went to a temple nearby. There was a golden Maitreya Buddha in the temple. When we were playing at the temple for a while, we returned to my grandmothers house. In the evening, when my sister and I were chasing the noise, my sister suddenly stepped on a stone and fell down. My foot was broken. I laughed and said, "you big fool." She said angrily, "you bad man, I will not kill you!" And then I ran after me... On the morning of the second day, we will go home. Our sister will also go with us. We have a great time playing games on the road.
Friends, is your summer vacation interesting? Tell us about it!
篇14:封信-英语书信
全文共 206 字
+ 加入清单Dear brother,
I’m in Guizhou now.I have many friends here. They are all kind to me.I often have breakfast with them.I like Guizhou food very much.They are nice.I am very glad to be here.
Yours,
Yang Jing
--500字
篇15:高一英语作文春节
全文共 1392 字
+ 加入清单It s about one and a half month away from the Chinese New Year, It is a festival celebrated by the Chinese people at the beginning of the lunar calendar year.
As of the Chinese traditional customs, our parents and grandparents will sweep every corner of the house and clean the windows until they gleam, and washing clothes, buying foods and goods for the new year s future use and presents.
Children will be the most benefited group during this feast period.
One month before that, they are expecting the new clothes, delicious foods.
The firecrackers and the year s allowance for their increased ages.
In recent years, with the rising of the standard of life, Chinese tend to make various holiday plans to spend a different and meaningful new year.
Such as traveling abroad, or be absorbed in their hobbies, and even work.
Why today we try to spend our Chinese new year in such a different way? I think that s because this is a era of free life and personality high-ranking.
Though there are still something traditional, our young generation is attempting to make something new and suitable for ourselves.
And we would like to take something really worth to be cherished in our memorable treasures.
That s amazing and wonderful!
I ll always keep in mind that the Chinese new year is a great feast inherited from our ancestors, but if necessary, I would like to enjoy it by some ways personal.
篇16:寒假英语作文高一100词
全文共 802 字
+ 加入清单Barack Obama is the first president of black people, whose story inspires
so many young people to chase their dreams. As the saying that every successful
man has a woman to support him, and this woman for Obama is his wife Michelle.
As the first lady, Michelle helped Obama so much. During the campaign, she gave
inspiring speeches and people knew what they should voted for. Michelle was born
in a poor family, but her mother paid special attention to education. Michelle
was the top students all the time and she entered the top university, then she
got the degree of doctor. Then she worked in a good law office. She was an
excellent lawyer and the job experience made her a good orator. Michelle set
good examples for the women. She showed that woman’s power was great, and they
could be whoever they wanted.
篇17:高一新生英语军训作文
全文共 668 字
+ 加入清单总是很羡慕电视机里军人们站如松、坐如钟的飒爽英姿,以及那“流血流汗不流泪”的坚毅精神,想着自己是不是也能这样坚持呢?这不,机会终于来了。
一大早,我们学校七年级新生都换上了军训时穿的迷彩服,远远望去,就如同一幅巨大的油画。我当然也在其中,虽然表面看来,我十分淡定,但是只有我自己知道内心是如此的汹涌澎湃。我好像看到了一只独木船正在海面静静地向前航行,忽然,刮起了大风,巨大的海浪一个接着一个,如同成群的野兽,向独木船奔去。
想起哥哥说过的话,“你要小心点,我们军训的时候,教官十分严厉,动作稍微做得不到位,就要被罚!”想得正出神,老师便来带我们下楼参加典礼。我可以明显感觉到我的心脏里住着一头小鹿,它胡乱地撞着我的胸口,就差要跳出来了!
带领我们的是一位浓眉大眼的教官,眉宇间夹着一个深深的“川”字。他一脸严肃,在训练的时候,我没看到他脸上有过一丝笑容,眼睛睁得大大的,好似两个铜铃,怪可怕的。教官一本正经的模样使我胆怯起来,同时打起了十二万分的精神。
教官在教我们每一个动作前都会做一遍给我们看,那炯炯有神的眼睛,那干脆利落的动作,那挺拔如松的站姿,我能想到的只有一个字,那就是——帅!
刚开始我们做的动作一点儿都不整齐,经过教官一次又一次的纠正,我们一次又一次的努力,总算能像教官一样——站如杨树,蹲如雕塑。一个个挺拔的身影,洪亮的口号声久久回荡在篮球场上,这分明就是一个个军人在接受着人民的检阅啊!
一天的训练就在这热烈的气氛中结束了,每个人的脸上虽然都显得有些疲倦,但从一双双明亮的眼睛中,分明可以看出那巨大的成就感——那种无法言语的感觉!
篇18:高一英语作文我的春节
全文共 943 字
+ 加入清单My Spring Festival is special. My uncle and my aunt came back from Shanghai. My family were very happy to keep the Spring Festival with them. And it was the most exciting festival of all the festivals.
On New Year’s Eve, my father and my uncle talked about their work together. My mum did some cooking with my aunt Grandparents and I watched the New Year TV programmes. At about six o’clock, we had a special family dinner. We all thought the dumplings were delicious. examda.
On the first day of the New Year, we visited our relatives. In the afternoon, we went shopping in Jiefanf Road. My uncle bought some Jay’s CDs. He likes Jay’s music very much. There were so many people on the road. It was more alive than any other time of a year.
On the second and the third days, we spent a wonderful weekend in the country. There were much bigger trees than in the city. And the animals were more beautiful than in the city. We all enjoyed ourselves.
篇19:精选高一上学期英语期末考试话题作文
全文共 1334 字
+ 加入清单Topic one:Environment Protection(环境保护)
Water Pollution
With the development of industry, water pollution is becoming more serious now. The polluted water not only kills fish, it is also harmful to our health. Many people get sick because they drink the polluted water. In some rivers the water is so dirty that they can even kill plants.
We should fight against the pollution. We should stop using harmful things. I wish it is not a dream that in the near future we can have clean rivers again.
Environment Protection
Nowadays, peoples life has changed a lot with the development of modern technology and economy, which has put lots of negative effects on the environment.
Why this? Because, firstly, some factories are pouring wastes into rivers, lakes, seas and so forth; secondly, because of human activities, a great number of plants and animals are losing their lives; thirdly, using modern machines and chemicals is bad for the environment. Besides these, there are a lot of human activities which have done or are doing harm to our surroundings.
For this, I think, first, our government should make drastic measures to regulate human activities; second, we human beings should take pains-taking work to stop ourselves destroying the environment and try our best to protect our living space more.
Forest Pretention保护森林
篇20:思考人生意义的高一英语作文
全文共 1914 字
+ 加入清单I do not think deeply about the life the significance, my life instead crosses very much meaningful. Even I do not need to know that anything is the life, so long as lived is sufficing. The significance when you seek for it, it only then exists, when your further seeks, it will vanish. Perhaps, only then in we felt when the life does not have the significance, only will then go to seek for it. As for found or not, depended entirely on individual lucky chance, because that was not individual strength can decide. we are not are living depending on the significance, but when we are not is living depending on the significance, our persons status has received the question, will this will test us be a qualified person. If in a person life had never thought tracks down one kind of significance, has never tracked down one kind of significance, has never had outside the material spiritual pursue, then he will be a personality damage person.if a person is only wants to live, so long as he had the basic survival to suffice, do not be too many. If he wants to enjoy, that he wants the thing will be many, not very easy to achieve. But if he wants a significance, that so long as he chooses one from thought that the meaningful matter, relentless does, might. The significance is this kind of kind of thing, when you think it is meaningful, it is meaningful.
Some kind of significance not necessarily belongs to all, but only belongs believes it individual. some people said that only then the human will think deeply about the life the significance, but exactly said that only then the very few people will only then think deeply about the life the significance, most people only will be living certainly. Did not know that what the life is, cannot affect their survival. But from says thoroughly understands the life significance the innate person, also has not seen their life to have anything different kind.