以my happiness为话题的英语作文实用20篇

开展有意的活动

为配合我市开展“创建文明城市(build a civilized city)”活动，学校举办以“How to Behave

Well”为主题的英语征文比赛。现在请你根据所给提示内容，用英语写一篇参赛短文。

提示：1. 衣着整洁;

2. 保持环境卫生;

3. 待人有礼，乐于助人;

4. 遵守交通规则;

5. ……

要求：1. 文章必须包括所给提示中1—4 项内容，可展开思路，适当发挥;

2. 文中不能出现考生的真实姓名、校名和其他真实信息;

3. 词数：80词左右。

How to Behave Well?

In order to build a civilized city, we students should try our best to

behave well in the activities.

Its a good habit to keep our clothes clean and tidy. Our city should be

kept clean every day. Dont throw litter or spit about. Its good manners to say

"Thank you" and "Please" and so on. We should never say dirty words. Be friendly

to others and always ready to help the people in need. For example, when we are

on a bus, we should give our seats to the old and the women with babies. We

should also obey traffic rules. When the traffic lights are red, we should stop.

And wed better not talk or laugh loudly in public.

If everyone behaves well, our city will be more beautiful and more

attractive.

The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.

The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officials like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title of the person is Justiteombudsman, but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the J. O. or Ombudsman. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1, 200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and he examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsmans work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizens complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsmans work.

A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in tthe record to show that the foreigners complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsmans prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.

Hibernation is more than sleep. It is a very deep sleep.The animals temperature drops to just over zero centigrade,and its heart beats very slowly. People who find hibernating animals asleep often think that they are dead: the body feels very cold, and the creature may breathe only once every five minutes. A hibernating animal cannot feel any pain. You can touch it, or even pull its tail, without causing it to move or wake up. In its hibernating state it can even live in a poisonous atmosphere for a long time without any ill effect.

Hibernating in this way, the animal can sleep all through the winter. You might wonder how it manages to live without eating for so many months. The answer lies in two facts. Thefirst is that it has stored supplies of fat in its body during the summer and autumn. The second is connected with the main use the body makes of food -- to supply the energy for movement. We have seen that hibernating animal reduces movement to far below the ordinary level. Even the movements of the heart and lungs are greatly reduced. The animal hardly makes any movement, hardly use any energy, and hardly needs any food.

Some animals, including some bears only half hibernate.That is to say, they sleep during the winter, but their sleep is not deep and their body temperature does not drop, as they are warm-blooded animals. In the antumn the bear eats and eats and becomes very fat. His hair grows longer. Soon he has a thick covering of fat and fur. In November he finds a place to lie down and goes to sleep. On warm winter days he may think spring has arrived; he gets up and walks around. When he sees that the snow is still thick on the ground, he quickly goes to sleep again.

To be successful, students learn many knowledge so as to master as more skills as possible. Some believe that the key to realize our dreams is to work hard and others treat chance in the first place. While today is the information world, the one who masters the all-sided source will have more chances to be successful. In my opinion, the most important skill is the social skill, because we need to make connection with others, we are not doing business with ourselves, so it is in need of having relationship with others. The good social skill can help us attract attention easily and impress the future partner. If we are bad in communicating, how can we let others know our advantages and trust us. So promoting ourselves is the first job, from now on, don’t be shy.

导语：现在是互联网的时代，你喜欢网上聊天吗?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

I have received a e-mail from an old friend yesterday. she asked how my summer holiday is.had I ever gone to somewhere for pleasure ! and also ,told me that she wanted to go around for fun ,but ,unfortunately,there is no time! what a pity !so ,if I would get to work, how will my life be? what type of jobs should I choose? uh, maybe I think a lot! how time flies! I have reached school for almost half a month.came to read articles day by day.

Homely &comely appearance! want to make a beating plan! buy some herbs, face-mask and so on . surfing the internet ,I chance meet a stranger ,he has a beatiful net-mane,it give me a good sence,so I made him into my friends-list,and then i found ,that he has doctor degree. and he is of great knowlege! uh ,and a confident man! but unluckly ,he divorced .maybe in our country ,divorcement is normal .but I feel unsafety. I must get to listen "4+1" oral english now ,continue it later!

【参考译文】

昨天我收到一位老朋友的电子邮件。她问我暑假过得怎么样，我曾经到什么地方去玩过吗?!而且，她告诉我，她想四处寻找乐趣，但不幸的是，没有时间!太遗憾了!所以，如果我能去工作，我的生活会怎样?我应该选择什么样的工作?呃，也许我想了很多!时间过得真快!我已经到学校将近半个月了，每天来看文章。

朴实与清秀的外表!想做一个跳动的计划!买一些草药，面膜等。上网，我偶然遇到一个陌生人，他有一个漂亮的网的鬃毛，它给了我一个很好的感觉，所以我让他在我的好友列表，然后我发现，他有博士学位。他是伟大的知识!呃，一个自信的男人!但不幸的是，他离婚了。也许在我国，离婚是很正常的。但是我觉得不安全。我现在必须听“4 + 1”英语口语，以后继续!

Golden week means long vacation. I m in favor of the existing of golden week. Every year, I m looking forward to its coming. During the golden week, I can have a good rest at home or go for a travel if my parents would like to. It is very wonderful. A semester is very long, and I often feel tired after a semester. Thus, if I can have a little long vacation during the long time study would be great. After I have a good rest, I can study effectively. Having a good rest, everyone would be full of energy.

With the development of technology, today, our life is facilitated with all kinds information sources. We can read books on the Internet, which is much convenient than buying the books in the stores. I like to read E-books, because there are many advantages. First, I can save a lot of money. Downloading the E-books is for free, I can find all kinds of free sources. It is good for students because they can save the money. Second, I can save a lot of time. Some books are not easy to be found in the bookstore, sometimes I need to go to several shops. But if I search the Internet, then the information is in front of me. How fast it is.

我爱运动的英语作文篇一

I love sports. I love all kind of sports.

I can’t stay inside the house for a long time.

When I have spare time, I will go out to play sports.

If it is convenient, anyone asks me to go out to play sports, I will say yes.

I often go hiking, running, swimming, play basketball, football, volleyball, table tennis and so on.

All of them are my favorite. And because of them, I have a good body.

我爱运动的英语作文篇二

I love sports and athletics. Sports and athletics are not just building our bodies but also refueling our spirits.

They give us energy to continue our work and studies as well as incentive and momentum to create.

They help us maintain a positive attitude towards life and stay competitive whenever facing any challenges.

Without sports and athletics, we should definitely be in a tedious world living a tedious life.

我爱运动的英语作文篇三

Taking exercise is good for our health. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

By taking exercise, we can relax our body and mind.

At the same time, we can harden our muscle and have a good figure.

If we dont take exercise for a long time, we may easily fall sick.

I enjoy several outdoor sports.

Swimming in the sea is my favorite.

Because there are too many people in a swimming pool and the water is always dirty, I prefer to swim in the sea.

Playing badminton is also fun.

I can always find a place in the park for playing badminton.

Besides, I enjoy jogging in the morning.

Sometimes, I jog with my parents in the park.

某英语报开展“How to Deal with Our Study

Problems”征文比赛，请你根据提示的内容，简要描述并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。内容要点如下：

1. 尽管我们常常感到有压力，但是应该找到合适的方式来解压。可以选择穿像蓝色和白色一样的冷色调来使我们自己感到放松;

2. 我们应该足够细心，因为“失之毫厘，谬以千里”;

3. 也应该在课业和业余爱好之间取得平衡，试着安排好自己的空余时间;

4. 任何时候都不要失去信心。通过努力学习，我们会取得大的进步。

5. 有问题时，我们…

要求：1. 内容须包含所有要点，语句通顺，意思连贯;

2. 词数90个左右;

3. 第5点的内容需展开合理想象，用2句话补充完整。

优秀满分范文

How to Deal with Our Study Problems

Although we often feel stressed, we should find suitable ways to deal with

stress.

We can wear calm colours like blue and white to make us feel relaxed. We

should be careful enough, because “a miss is as good as a mile”. We should also

achieve a balance between schoolwork and hobbies. Try to plan your spare time

well. Don’t lose heart at any time. You will make great progress through hard

work.

When having problems, we can ask people around us for help. It’s not wise

to keep our worries to ourselves.

There are many advantages of smiling. It can not only make us happy， but also please others. If we smile at life， life will smile on us in return. So I want to smile at all whenever and wherever possible，First， I would like to smile at my parents because they have given me life and take all the trouble to bring me up. They arrange almost everything for me. With their help， I have made great progress. I would like to say “Thank you” to them with a smile. Then my smile should go to myself， for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life.

In a word， let’s greet every day with a smile. Tomorrow is another day.

乡村之变 The Changes in Countryside

Nowadays, thanks to the reform and opening-up policy, great changes have taken place in countryside. Now let me introduce some changes in details.

如今，由于改革开放政策，在农村发生了巨大变化。现在让我介绍一些具体的变化。

In the past, farmers used to live in the huts which were in poor quality. They would be destroyed easily in the heavy storm. But nowadays, most farmers have their own houses and flats. Some houses are even bigger and more marvelous than the ones in the city.

过去，农民们常常住在质量差的小屋。这样的小屋在暴雨中很容易会被破坏。但如今，大多数农民都有自己的房子和公寓。有些房子甚至比城市里的更大、更不可思议。

In the past, farmers usually starved to death in disasters, because they had nothing to eat. But nowadays, farmers can plant many corps to live with or sell them. No wonder that most of them are wealthy.

在过去，农民通常饿死在灾难中，因为他们没有东西可以吃。但现在，农民可以种植很多庄稼来维持生活或者拿来出售。难怪大部分都是富有的。

In the past, farmers were hardly to see the outside world, since they had to tramp over the mountains if they wanted to go out. But nowadays, many high ways and tunnels have been built, so it’s convenient for them to go out. Moreover, most farmers also have their private cars. Therefore, they can go anywhere they like.

在过去，农民们很难看看外面的世界，因为如果他们想出去的话，他们不得不徒步翻山越岭。但现在，建立了很多高速公路、隧道，人们出去是很方便的。此外，大多数的农民也有自己的私家车。因此，他们可以去任何他们喜欢的地方。

In the past, farmers always suffered from the diseases, because there was no doctor at all. But nowadays, many hospitals have come into being in countryside, so they can be cured in time.

在过去，农民经常遭受病痛，因为根本就没有医生。但如今，在农村里也有很多医院了，所以他们可以及时得到治愈。

In the past, it was difficult for children to study in countryside. But nowadays, as there are so many schools in countryside, more and more children can get a better education.

在过去，农村的孩子很难去上学。但现在，因为在农村有很多学校，越来越多的孩子可以得到更好的教育。

What a wonderful life in countryside. Maybe countryside will be more thriving than the city in the near future.

在农村的生活是多么美好啊。也许在不久的将来农村会比城市更加繁荣。

There is a big square near my house. People like to get together there and have the long chat. My grandma likes to go there when she has the time. Especially at night, after finishing dinner, my grandma will go to dance with her friends in the square. Sometimes I will go with her, seeing my grandma dance and join her group.

我家附近有一个大广场。人们喜欢聚在那里,长时间的聊天。我奶奶一有时间就喜欢去那里。特别是在夜晚,吃完晚餐后,我奶奶会和她的朋友们一起去广场上跳舞。有时我会和她一起去,我看着奶奶跳舞,也会加入她的团队。

导语：人类正试图猎取野生动物以获取更大的利润，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

As is often read in the newspaper reports, wild life especially the rare species is threatened with extinction. Human beings are making attempts to hunt wild animals for a big profit., which, of course, results in a sharp decrease in the number of animals. So it is high time for us to take quick action to protect them. First of all, its quite necessary for every citizen to realize the importance of animal protection. Only by knowing its importance can people develop a sense of responsibility. People will surely take it for granted to have the duty to prevent any killing of wild animals. So a national publicity campaign should be launched, thus giving animals a good living environment. In addition, the government should pass some laws to forbid any hunting of rare animals. We dont expect anything harmful to wild life to happen again.

If everyone is involved in the protection of wild life, were sure man will be a good friend of animals rather than their enemy.

【参考译文】

正如报纸上经常看到的那样，野生生物特别是稀有物种面临灭绝的危险。人类正试图猎取野生动物以获取更大的利润，当然，这会导致动物数量急剧减少。所以现在是我们采取行动保护他们的时候了。首先，每个公民意识到保护动物的重要性是很有必要的。只有认识到它的重要性，人们才能产生责任感。人们一定会想当然地认为有责任阻止野生动物的捕杀。开展全国性宣传活动，为动物创造良好的生存环境。此外，政府应该通过一些法律，禁止猎杀珍稀动物。我们不希望发生任何对野生动物有害的事情再次发生。

如果每个人都参与野生动物的保护，我们相信人类将是动物的好朋友，而不是敌人。

In everybody’s eyes, I am a good girl, because I make the good marks in the exams and help my parents to do things. Unlike other students, who will go against their parents, I follow my parents’ words. I don’t think that to do something goes against the adults is the wise choice, but I do want to do something new. Recently, I want to cut my hair and make the short style. My mother doesnt agree with me, because she thinks a girl should have the long hair. This time, I insist on my idea. Finally, she supports me. Trying something new makes me feel happy and be myself. The short hair makes me look like a cool boy and I like this style. My friends admire me to have the courage to change my image.

导语：现如今是人工智能的时代，你有没有想过未来的机器人是什么样的吗?下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Hello! i’m a future robot. my name is mini. i have two small eyes, a small nose and a very big mouth. i can read and write, and i can speak chinese and english.

I can play football, basketball and badminton quite well. and i can sing and dance very well! but i can’t run and swim. i always cook the breakfast for my master. my master is sally. she is a pretty girl. she plays hopscotch very well.

I love my master very much.

【原文翻译】

您好。我是一个未来的机器人。我的名字是迷你。我有一双小眼睛，一个小鼻子和一个非常大的嘴。我能读与写，我会说汉语和英语。

我可以踢足球，篮球和羽毛球很好。我会唱歌和跳舞很好!但是我不会跑步和游泳。我一直为我的主人煮早餐。我的师父是萨利。她是一个漂亮的女孩。她玩跳房子游戏很好。

我很爱我的师父。

【写作要求】

每一个人,每一个国家，都拥有梦想。“中国梦”是目前最热的话题。作为中学生，你是如何理解中国梦的?你的中国梦是什么呢?为实现你的梦想，你将怎么做呢?假设你叫李红(Li

Hong),请以“My Dream”为题，写一篇不少于100词的英语短文。

要求： 1. 条理清楚，有表明自己观点的句子。

2. 书写工整，句式规范，标点符号和大小写使用正确。

3. 短文中应尽量包括提示内容，可适当发挥，但不能出现真实的人名、地名。

4. 参考词汇：China dream，come true ,achieve one’s dreams., give up， hold on to,

make up of

【优秀满分范文】

My Dream

Everyone has his dreams. As young students, we have many kinds of dreams.

These dreams are our China dreams. The dreams can be very big, and they can also

be small. In fact ,a big dream is made up of many small dreams.

My name’s Li Hong. I also have a dream. I dream of becoming a great

scientist. From now on, I have to study hard to achieve my dream. I must learn

as much as I can. When I meet any difficulty, I won’t give it up , I must get it

over .

I’m sure it’s very important to dream,. Some dreams are more realistic,

others are not. No matter what our dreams are, we should hold on to them, they

can just come true one day.

导语：吃水不忘挖井人,前人栽树后人乘凉。 知恩图报,善莫大焉。我们要感谢那些帮过我们的人，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Last week I saw a young man giving up his seat to a woman with a baby in her arms on a bus. To my great surprise, the woman did not thank the young man; on the contrary, she glared at him coldly, which made him embarrassed.

This incident set me thinking. If everyone acted like that woman, who would like to help others? And what would our society be like?

If anyone gives you a hand, you should express your sincere gratitude to him or her. Only in this way will everyone be ready to help others and feel satisfied with it.

【参考译文】

上周，我在公共汽车上看到一个年轻人给一个怀抱婴儿的妇女让座。让我感到奇怪的是，这位妇女没有感谢这位年轻人，反而用冷淡的目光盯着他，使他感到困窘。

这事令我深思。如果每个人都像那个妇女那样，谁还愿意帮助别人?我们这个社会将会变成什么样子?

如果有人帮了你，你应表示衷心感谢。只有这样，大家才会愿意帮助别人，并从中得到满足。

There is a library in our school. It is open from eight oclock in the morning till half past five in the afternoon. We often go there to borrow books.

We can borrow five books at a time and keep them for two weeks. If we cant finish reading them in two weeks, we can go and renew them. The librarian is always ready to help the students. If the book you want is out, she will help you to choose another one. We always take good care of the borrowed books. We can also look through newspapers and magazines in the reading-room, but we are not allowed to take them out of the reading-room.

When it comes to honesty, quite a lot of people believe it is essential to a person’s character and success.

They base their idea on the following reasons: on one hand, successful business owes much to mutual trust; on another hand, great people in history such as Abraham Lincoln and Genete Washington set us good examples of being honest, they are great because they are honest.

But some people think differently. They believe honesty is becoming out of date.

Their reasons run as following: to begin with, cheating on exams is becoming more and more popular; in addition, some singers and movie stars cheat on taxes; last but not the least, if you are not careful enough, you’ll buy some defective goods and fake products.

It is high time we emphasized and encouraged honesty. We can take effective measures to restore it.

For example, kids should be taught to tell truth, strict rules and regulations should be carried out to stop cheatings on exams and taxes, etc.

As soon as I was enrolled in college I reit a big burden off my mind. So did my classmates. We just wanted to relax. But at our first English Lesson on how to improve our study the teacher told us," There is no end to learning. You can only become a top student with additional work." And she says hard work is rewarding.

The teachers words awakened me. In fact everyone in the world is always learning. Mans talents are like wild plants. They need cutting and pruning with the tool of learning, We lears not only inside the classroom but also outside the classroom. Learning is a process in which man adapts to his surroundings. It is driven by mans desire to win respect and to contribute to society. It is the curiosity for knowledge stimulated by knowledge itself." To learn is to be young. Not to learn is to die." This saying applies to every society and to all ages.

Indeed, everyone living on earth is learning all the time. Man learns not only from books but also from his own experience We can not hope that as long as we learn we will gain benlfits. Efficient study is inseparable from good methods and motivation, A man of a strong sense of responsibility and full of ambition is insatiable in learning.

I entered the university after much efforts. I know it is only the first step on the road leading to the sea of knowledge. It is but the first page in the book of science. The further away ! am off shore, the more far-sighted! will be. The more you learn. the more you feel the need to learn. Art is long, life is short.

一进大学，我感到思想上卸了一个包袱，就像我们的同班同学一样，大家都想放松一下。可在如何提高学习水平的笫1堂英语课上，老师就对我们说：“学无止境。只有通过努力才能成为优等生。”同时还说努力学习是会有报偿的。

老师的话唤醒了我。事实上，世上每一个人都在学习。人的才能如野生植物，需要用学习这把工具予以修剪。我们不仅在课堂上学，而且还要在课外学。学习就是不断适应环境的过程。学习受“人要赢得尊重，就得对社会做贡献”的欲望所驱使。学习就是知识本身所引起的对知识的好奇。“学习使人年轻，不学习等于死亡。”这句话造用于任何社会、任何时代。

确实，世人无时不在学习。人不仅从书本上学，而且在经验中学。我们不能指望只要学习就必有所获。有效的学习是与好的方法与动机分不开的。责任心强且有抱负的人会学而不厌。

经过努力，我进了大学，但我知道，这只是通往知识海洋上的第一步，只是科学这本书中的第1页。离岸越远，视野越宽。越学越想学。生命短暂，艺术无涯。

导语：“一带一路”是促进共同发展、实现共同繁荣的合作共赢之路，是增进理解信任、加强全方位交流的和平友谊之路。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Talk of a new Silk Road may be intended to evoke romantic, non-threatening images of desert caravans, ancient ships and trade in exotic commodities. But China’s grand plan for a network of railways, highways, pipelines and ports across central Asia, and around Southeast Asia is generating anxiety in New Delhi.

With the 3,488km border between the two Asian neighbours still a matter of formal dispute, Indian strategic policy analysts are divided on whether China’s new Silk Road project is a strategic and economic threat to their country — or an opportunity. Many see the project — which the Chinese have called One Belt, One Road (OBOR) — as something that must be carefully navigated, as Beijing develops large projects in countries that India considers part of its natural sphere of influence. However, New Delhi lacks the financial power to offer a credible alternative.

“The Indian government is very careful about the way it handles the China rhetoric, and it isn’t ready to come out arms swinging against OBOR, but it is sitting with its arms folded making it very clear that it will not endorse the project if it doesn’t like the way it was put together as a Chinese fait accompli,” says Shashank Joshi, a senior research fellow at the Royal United Services Institute, a British defence and security think-tank.

“They cannot be seen to be outwardly hostile to a scheme which many smaller Asian neighbours view as a good opportunity for large flows of Chinese capital that India cannot deliver,” he says.

Brahma Chellaney, professor of strategic studies at New Delhi’s Centre for Policy Research, sees China’s new Silk Road initiative as a repackaging — in more palatable terms — of China’s so-called “string of pearls” strategy, which India views as an attempt to strategically encircle it.

The “string of pearls” theory argues that Chinese investment in ports in south Asia is a precursor to developing overseas naval bases. China has, for example, already built a major port at Hambantota in Sri Lanka, which overlooks important shipping lanes that carry much of the world’s oil trade, and which India views as strategically important for its own defence.

The visit of Chinese submarines at the Colombo port in 2014 raised fears that the facility’s purpose is not economic but military. Chinese investment is also planned for ports in Bangladesh and Myanmar, raising concerns that they may serve a dual purpose.

“The new Silk Road is just a nice new name for the strategy they’ve been pursuing,” says Mr Chellaney. “They’ve wrapped that strategy in more benign terms. The Chinese dream is pre-eminence in Asia, and this goes to the heart of that dream.”

“It’s not just a trade initiative,” he says. “What China is doing has a strategic element that is increasingly obvious.”

India is most exercised about plans for a $$46bn economic corridor linking China and Pakistan, India’s nuclear-armed neighbour and rival. That blueprint envisions goods travelling from China’s western region to Pakistan’s Gwadar, a once sleepy Arabian Sea port now run by the China Overseas Port Holding Company. It is considered a staging point between central Asia and the Gulf.

Part of the corridor will pass through Pakistan-held Kashmir, a territory that is still the subject of a decades-old, unresolved dispute between India and Pakistan. Indian analysts say that acceptance of the corridor would effectively acknowledge Pakistan’s rights over the territory now under its control, while India’s own claims over Kashmir have yet to be resolved — something New Delhi considers unacceptable. “This is a large scale project bringing People’s Liberation Army personnel [said to be guarding some project locations] right into the heart of what India considers to be occupied territory,” Mr Joshi says.

At a recent conference in Gwadar, Pakistan’s Army Chief, General Raheel Sharif, accused India of deliberately attempting to undermine the project. “India, our neighbour, has openly challenged this development initiative,” he said. “We will not allow anyone to create impediments or turbulence in any parts of Pakistan.”

But wary as India may be of Chinese ambitions, analysts say New Delhi needs to take a measured approach to the new Silk Road, and embrace individual components.

India is already a member of the Chinese-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, which will finance much of the infrastructure, potentially giving it some leverage over how the plan unfolds.

“For every belt they create, and every road that we create, can we create a slip road that connects Indian opportunities to the larger global market rather than reject it outright?” asks Samir Saran, of the Observer Research Foundation. “Can we?…?use their institutions to our own advantage?”

【参考译文】

“新丝绸之路”的说法或许是有意唤起人们对沙漠商队、古代商船以及舶来品贸易的不具威胁的浪漫联想。但是，中国对横穿中亚和环绕东南亚的铁路网、公路网、输油管线路以及港口的宏伟计划，正在引起新德里方面的焦虑。

在这两个亚洲邻居之间3488千米的边界仍然处于正式纠纷状态的情况下，对于中国“新丝绸之路”项目是否对印度构成战略和经济威胁，抑或带来机遇，印度的战略政策分析人士意见分歧。很多人认为，必须谨慎应对中方所称的“一带一路”(One Belt, One Road)项目，因为中国将要在印度认为属于其天然影响范围的一些国家开发大型项目。然而，新德里方面缺乏提供可信替代选择的财力。

“印度政府对待中国的措辞非常谨慎，它没有准备好跳出来明确反对‘一带一路’，但是它双臂交叉坐着等待，表明如果它不喜欢这个项目被当作中方既成事实的方式，它就不会支持该项目，”英国国防和安全智库——皇家联合军种研究院(Royal United Services Institute)高级研究员沙善?乔希(Shashank Joshi)表示。

“他们不能从表面上被看出来对一带一路怀有敌意，因为该计划被很多亚洲较小邻国视为引入大量中国资本的良机，而这类资本是印度无力输送的，”他表示。

新德里政策研究中心(Centre for Policy Research)战略研究教授布拉马?切拉尼(Brahma Chellaney)把中国的“新丝绸之路”计划视为——以更容易让人接受的方式——对中国“珍珠链”战略的重新包装;印度把这一战略视为中国企图对其实施战略包围。

按照“珍珠链”理论，中国在南亚投资建设港口是开发海外海军基地的先兆。例如，中国已经在斯里兰卡的汉班托特(Hambantota)建设了一个大型港口;斯里兰卡濒临全球很大一部分原油贸易必经的重要航道，同时印度认为斯里兰卡对其自己的国防具有战略重要性。

2014年中国海军潜艇访问斯里兰卡科伦坡港，此举引发了人们对于该港的用途并非经贸而是军用的担忧。中国在孟加拉国和缅甸投资的港口也在规划中，引发了人们对于这些港口可能军民两用的担忧。

“‘新丝绸之路’只是给他们在一直追求的战略换了一个好听的新名字，”切拉尼称，“他们给该战略换了一身更加和善的包装。中国的梦想是称雄亚洲，而该计划处于中国梦的核心。”

“它不只是一个贸易倡议，”他称，“中国在做的事情带有战略元素，这一点日益明显。”

印度最担心的是连接中国和巴基斯坦的460亿美元经济走廊计划;巴基斯坦是印度的邻国以及对手，拥有核武器。按照该计划的蓝图，商品将从中国西部运往巴基斯坦的瓜达尔港(Gwadar)。瓜达尔曾经是坐落于阿拉伯海之滨的一个沉寂的港口，如今由中国海外港口控股有限公司(China Overseas Port Holding Company)经营。它被认为是中亚和海湾地区之间的中转点。

中巴经济走廊的一部分将穿过克什米尔地区巴基斯坦控制的部分，该地区是印度和巴基斯坦之间好几十年未能解决的领土纠纷的对象。印度分析人士表示，接受这条经济走廊相当于承认巴基斯坦对目前在其控制下的那部分克什米尔领土的主权，而印度本身对克什米尔的主权主张尚未解决——这在新德里方面看来是无法接受的。“这是一项大规模的工程，会把解放军人员(据称是为了守卫一些项目地点)直接带到被印度视为被占领土的心脏地带，”皇家联合军种研究院的乔希表示。

最近在瓜达尔召开的一次会议上，巴基斯坦陆军参谋长拉希勒?谢里夫上将(Raheel Sharif)指责印度企图破坏该项目。“我们的邻国印度公开叫板这个开发项目，”他称，“我们不会允许任何人在巴基斯坦任何地方制造障碍或引起动荡。”

但是，尽管印度可能对中国的野心抱有戒心，但是分析师称，新德里需要有分寸地对待新丝绸之路，欢迎某些个别项目。

印度已经是中国主导创立的亚洲基础设施投资银行(AIIB，简称亚投行)的成员国之一，而该行将为很多基础设施项目提供资金，这可能会使印度在该计划如何展开的问题上具有一些影响力。

“对于他们创建的每一带和每一路，我们能不能打造一条匝道，让印度的机遇与更大的全球市场互联互通，而不是把这个计划一概拒之门外?”新德里观察者研究基金会(Observer Research Foundation)的萨米尔?萨兰(Samir Saran)称，“我们能把他们的机构为我所用吗?”