初中英语的写作技巧【优秀20篇】
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1000高考语文作文万能开头、结尾写作技巧
全文共 896 字
+ 加入清单例:
1、(开头)在城市尽头,没有繁华的街市,闪亮的霓虹;在城市的尽头,只有破旧的棚户区,有饱经生活风霜的生命;在城市的尽头、有他们这样一群人。
(结尾)太阳从地平线上升起,照亮了城市的尽头,照亮了他们的生活。
2、(开头)站在塞纳河畔,可以触摸巴黎时尚而又典雅的脉搏;身处第五大道、可以感受纽约华丽而又绚烂的气息;漫步银座街头,可以领略东京古老而又现代的文化;停留黄浦江边,可以体味上海兼容而又独特的精神……
(结尾)我在无限的思考中面对都市,触摸它的外壳,也渴望触摸它的灵魂。但愿有朝一日它的内质可以像外壳一样美丽动人,但愿有朝一日那些虚假与轻浮都会变得真实与坚固,但愿是"云销雨霁,彩彻区明",但愿我们可以重新触摸到都市那由内而外的如花般缩放的美丽。
高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则二:自然收束
例:
(开头)人生,其实就是一次过程,很多事,很多人,失败过,经历过才会懂,才会成熟。当失败来临的时候,不要伤悲,而应该看作是一次成长的机会,一次锻炼的机会。冲过去,会更美好、更灿烂的生活等着你,更会有一番成就感;如果退而不前,那只能迎来更多的失败,更多人生的遗憾。
(结尾)当我们快要走完人生路时,回首这一生,特别是那些困难和失败时,会觉得,或许正是由于这些,丰富了我们的人生,战胜、克服了它们,才让我们的人生更加完美无瑕。
高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则三:画龙点睛
例:
(开头)怆然的灾难,古来有之。然而历史由古而今谁可曾见过这般振奋人心,撼天动地的团结?《史记》有云:民与民同心,则家安之,君与民同心,则国兴之。在今天,这是人民与人民,人民与国家,国家与世界的携手,何愁家不安,何愁国不兴?
(结尾)青山一道,我们同历风雨,团聚一处。而将五洲四海的人们集汇在-起的纽带,也许,是这样的期望:为天下立心,为生民立命,为往圣续绝学,为万世开太平!
高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则四:使用诗歌
例:
流光容易把人抛,红了樱桃,绿了芭蕉。走在自己生命路上,有时很难看清自己是否走了弯路。不妨跳出来,调准焦距,才能照出最好生活。
高考语文作文万能开头、结尾原则五:妙用修辞
更多相似作文
篇1:2024初中英语教师个人工作计划
全文共 799 字
+ 加入清单1.进一步加强理论学习,更新教学理念,抽出时间学习新理论,以先进的教育理念指导自己的教育教学实践,本学期要学习有关有效教学资料以及改进评价内容和评价方法的资料,努力做到关注学生学业成就的同时,还要关注学生情感态度、行为方式的发展,注重培养学生综合实践的能力,全面提高学生的素质。
2.进一步落实与深化教学常规,聚焦常态课堂,打造高效课堂。按计划上好公开课,要求集体备课,及时评课,找出不足,共同学习,共同促进,以学生的主体作用为重点来实现高效课堂。同时,带领大家力求做到有效备课、有效上课、有效作业、有效培优补差,鼓励成员充分发挥教学特长,有效提高教学效率。
3.加强集体备课仍是本学期教研组工作的重点,因此要做到有计划、有目标、有实效,不走形式,各备课组本学期至少活动五次以上,时间固定,围绕主题,并有活动记录。以集体力量、集体智慧来提高全组成员的业务水平和教育教学能力。
4.初三备考是重中之重,加强初三毕业班工作的研究,提高毕业班教学效率,组织全组成员认真学习《中考说明》、《导引》和中考试卷分析材料,加强对中考动向的信息收集和试题研究。抓好听、说、读、写综合技能的培养,特别注重学生阅读、写作和应试能力的训练,力争顺利打响中考第一仗,争创中考英语成绩新辉煌。
5.加强科研文化建设,让研究成为习惯。研究能改变教师的生存状态,努力创设研究文化。本学期积极响应学校的科教研活动,开展一系列有关有效备课专题的活动:听说课的有效备课、阅读课的有效备课、复习课的有效备课。
6.继续建设本学科的资源库。建立学科的资源库,确实是一个利人利己的好举措。不断地添入新的资源,不断优化和建设资源库。
7.继续开展多样的学生活动,吸引学生的眼球,使学生更关注英语学习,营造有利于学生健康成长的学习环境。
总之,在校长室、教研室的带领下,我们英语组全体组员会开拓进取,不断完善自己,将教学质量放首位,为学校的教育事业贡献力量。
篇2:初中英语作文之开车旅行ATripbyCar
全文共 749 字
+ 加入清单A Trip by Car
I often make a trip by trains because it's both cheap and comfortable. Last winter holidays I traveled in a car for the first time in my life. At first I didn't feel well. But this kind of feeling didn't last long. the trip was exciting. While travelling in a car, we could stop at any time if we wanted to enjoy the view
outside. the fields, the mountains and rivers were really very nice. On the way we visited many places of interest and took a lot of photos. It was an unforgettable experience for me.
《初中英语作文:开车旅行A Trip by Car》由出国编辑整理我们猜您可能喜欢以下文章: 名师解读:2012高考英语考试大纲机场常用英语公共场所标志常备无患疯狂英语夏令营助教的实习工作体会雅思考试应注意的十大要点之一:时间是最大的敌人空军招飞条件之文化条件英语教研组学期末总结英语教师年终个人总结雅思写作范文:那点事(1)英国哪个城市的英语最标准用英语介绍植树节
[初中英语作文之开车旅行A Trip by Car
篇3:关于茶的英语作文初中
全文共 1196 字
+ 加入清单Since I started my major in the tea culture of ChinaI have been deeply
impressed by its sophistication and beauty.I would like to share some
fascinating aspects of the tea culture of China.
In a country with the history of five thousand yearsthe Chinese tea
drinking habit dated back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907AD).It became a national
tradition and led to development of a delicate tea drinking ritual.Over the
centuriespoets and artists in China wrote many marvelous masterpiecesin
appreciation of tea and Chinese people’s constant love of tea drinking .One of
the best-known writers is Lu Yuwho was regarded as the “Tea Sage ” for he
composed the first book on tea.In his classic bookhe detailed his studies of
teasuch as the origin of teatea toolstea pickingtea cookingtea ceremony and
well-known areas where tea was grown.And the valuable knowledge he recorded has
laid foundation for modern tea culture development.
based on ways in which tea leaves are processedthere are five distinct
types of tea.They are as follow:the green teathe black teathe Wulong teathe
compressed tea and the scented tea.Among themmay foreigners are familiar with
the green tea.The Longjing teaof the green typehas a reputation.
篇4:我喜欢写作初中优秀作文
全文共 727 字
+ 加入清单我也喜欢写作,从初中开始的了,比我减肥还要早。从前以为自己写的很好,就闲着没事一直写啊写的,从恐怖,色情,玄幻,童话,言情,都市,种种种种几乎都是写过的。直到现在,还是在写,谢写写停停,从一本本的厚本子到现在的一点点的码字。
第一次码字的时候是在九年级了,朋友建议我发到网上去,然后我脑子一热,还真就着稿子对着电脑码字,一码便是一个五一三天,即便是对着我的稿子,我也只码了1500字。当时就真的放弃了,还是写在本子上,可我的字太差又小,让我的读者们看得不习惯不好受,不过总还是有人看得,这便足以让我感到满足了。
谁知道从何时起开始码字的呢?可能是在学厨师的时候吧,我买了个平板,跟电脑一种系统的,再买了个无线鼠标键盘。游戏是玩不了太大的,就开始试着写吧。那时候真的是我创作的巅峰时期,每天都早上六点写作,一直码字,然后就存着。直到后来一次误删,删除完毕了。
那时候也喜欢用手机码字,手机慢,就在上完灶以后码。一篇篇故事在自己的指尖下创作出来的感觉总是有莫名的成就。可惜我的读者再也不在。我手机上的故事跟着我将它卖出去一样消失不见了。
到了现在吧,才发觉自己的写作技术还是太差了。是真差,只不过属于能将自己满腹牢骚散发出来的蠢蛋而已。我试过起点,但是没人看,我现在在红袖发,红袖有个很好的设定。就是短篇能给你评级。刚开始我被评了好几个c。我一直以为c很好的。然后有一次百度了下,才发觉c是最差的级别……
c就c吧,但是我总知道是有人看我写过的文章的。那几个数字,确确实实存在着。让我的心头一暖。这似乎成了我所有的动力。写吧!早起六点就写,反正早起习惯了。反正9点才上班。写到7点就去跑步,我还要减肥呢。顺道看看书吧,看看有没有值得改变的笔法。
[我喜欢写作初中优秀作文
篇5:初中英语满分
全文共 562 字
+ 加入清单When I come to the middle school, I feel so excited, because I want to
learn more knowledge and prepare for my future. Some of my friends are afraid of
the coming challenges, they think they can’t handle, but for me, life will be
wonderful with all kinds of challenges. It is the challenges that makes me
stronger. If everything comes to me without hard working, then I won’t cherish
it. I am so eager to meet the coming difficulties, I won’t give up no matter how
hard they will be. Some day when I look back on these days, I will not be
regretful of what I have done.
篇6:初中生寒假英语作文
全文共 612 字
+ 加入清单放学后, I return home. We usually have supper at seven o’clock.then I begin to do my homework. I want to finish it before I go to bed. 虽然我的日常生活十分单调,之后我就开始做家庭作业,为什么?因为我打算做一个好学生,希望将来为国家服务。
I try hard to adapt myself to it. Why? Because I intend to be a good student. I wish to render service to my country. I get up at six o’clock every day. After I wash my face and brush my teeth, 我每天六点起床、洗脸刷牙后,我就回家了。
我们通常在七点钟吃晚餐。
七点钟我就去上学,希望在睡觉前把它做完 , My dailylife 我的日常生活 Though my daily life is extremely monotonous,但我却竭力设法去适应它, I begin to review my lessons. I go to school at seven o’clock. After school is over,就开始复习功课,。
篇7:小学生作文写作的技巧和方法
全文共 1659 字
+ 加入清单写作技巧就是写作中进行表现时运用的方法,是作者为表情达意而采取的有效艺术手段。今天,小编特意为大家推荐小学生作文写作的技巧和方法,希望大家喜欢!
一、提高认识事物和表达事物的能力。
我国著名教育家叶圣陶先生指出:写任何东西决 定于认识和经验,有什么样的认识和经验,才能写出什么样的东西来。反之,没有表达认识的能力,同样也写不出好作文。
二、把认识结构作为作文的核心。
包括学习知识,观察积累,记忆储存,训练思维,丰富 想象,培养情感,锻炼意志;从说到写,推敲修改,多读勤写。
三、树立大作文观,听、说、读、写有机结合。
一要注重审题;二要明确写作目的,立意要新;三是选材要有根据;四要讲究谋篇技巧,安排好篇章结构;五要注意文章分段,事先列小标题,作文提纲;六要注重文章写法,因文用法;七要妙用语言,用思想调遣语言。
学会五种立意法:以事赞人,直抒胸臆,借物喻理,触景生情,托物言志。
四、作文大目标的逐年级分解。
一年级字词,二年级句子,三年级片断,四年级篇章,五年级综合,六年级提高。
五、实施五项训练。
根据认识是作文的核心这一原则,围绕这个发展学生心理机制的核心,扎扎实实地进行了五项训练:
(一)字词训练。
学习掌握大量字词。掌握运用字词的金钥匙:联系自己熟悉的事物; 联系自己生活实际;联系自己学会的语言及字词知识。
运用十引说的方法,把字词学习与说话训练相结合。十引说是:1、分析字形; 2、利用教具;3、凭图学词;4、组词扩词;5、选词填空;6、词语搭配;7、调整词序; 8、触景用词;9、词语分类;10、联词成句。
丰富了说话训练内容,使自己积累大量会说会用的字词,为写作文打下坚实基础。
(二)句子训练。
只要是一个句子,都包括两个方面:一是说的人、事、物、景, 二是说目的。
可有些教师指导学生说一句话时,没有很好凭借图画和事物,认真教学生观察、认识、分析、表达的方法,只是拿出一张图或一事物让学生说写一句话,学生不知道为什么要说写一句话,怎样说写一句话,说写一句什么句型、什么句式的话, 导致作文中语调单一、呆板、不活泼生动。
可以改让学生凭图、看物、对话、练习说 写一句时间、地点、人物、事件四要素完整的话,四种句型,九种句式的话。学生 才会在作文中运用不同句型、句式,表达不同的思想、感情、态度、目的。
(三)段的训练。
结合八种段式:以事物发展为序段,时间先后为序段,空间变换为序段,总述、分述结构段,因果段、转折段,递进段,并列段。
以此认识客观事物的发生、发展规律。不论哪种段式,都是记叙事物的发展和人们对事物的认识,即段的内容,段的中心。
它和一句话一样,也是对人、事、物、景的叙述,也是表达一 个意思。只不过是把一句话进一步说得更清楚、更深刻。
(四)篇章训练。
篇是由段组成的。通过对审题、立意、选材、谋篇、定法、用 语的知识与方法,通过记叙、描写、抒情、议论四种表达方法,文章开头与结尾、过渡 与呼应方法,各种文章体裁的知识与方法。学会写中心明确,意思完整,详略得当的记 叙文和应用文。
(五)生活现场训练。
采用生活现场训练,更好地体会从内容入手写作文。 通过各种作文教学活动,如确定中心讨论会、选材讨论会、作文会诊会、 小诸葛审题会、妙用词语比赛会,从活动中生动具体地学到作文知识与写作文 的方法。
另外,还可开展各种校内外活动,如跳绳、拔河、踢毽、球类、背书比赛,从而学会如何写比赛作文;开展校内外义务劳动,学会如何写劳动场面;举行诗歌朗诵、 讲演会,学会如何写会议场面及会议上的见闻;通过参观访问,浏览名胜古迹,学会如 何写参观访问记、游记。学习观察方法,留心周围的事物、事件,处处留心皆学问, 人情练达即文章。
通过现场生活作文,进一步认识到:生活是作文的沃土。从而学会 写真事、抒真情,陶冶真、善、美的情操,培养良好的文风。 实行互评互改,培养学生思维独立性和创造性。
学生作文写好后,组织在小组内讲评。先学习别人作文的优点,再用批评的眼光互相指出作文中的缺点,并指出改进意见。在此基础上重新再写,从而使学生每写一篇都有收获。
篇8:关于梦想英语作文初中
全文共 235 字
+ 加入清单I have a dream. When I grow up, I want to be a scientist. I want to make a
robot by myself. It can help my mother to do the housework, help my father to
drive his car, and help me to walk my dog. I think my parents will like it very
much.
篇9:初中英语满分
全文共 621 字
+ 加入清单Last night, my parents told me that they would go to have dinner with
friends, so they wouldn’t stay at home and let me to buy something to eat by
myself. I played computer games for a long time and when I got tired, I found it
was almost eight o’clock. I didn’t want to go out, so I opened the fridge, there
were many stuffs for me to make dinner. I had never done it before, I only
watched my mother cook, but I still wanted to try. I made a fire and put the
meat in the pan, the flavors were also mixed in it. When the meat almost got
black, I finished. Whe I tasted, I realized the meat was over cooked. I must
learn to cook.
篇10:关于初中生活的英语作文
全文共 1356 字
+ 加入清单Most people miss their grade school days and think they are the happiest time of their life, but whenever I recall them I cannot help feeling a little sad. In my young days I disliked any dismal atmosphere and could not bear the feeling of loneliness, yet the fact was that I often lived in a dismal home and frequently had the bitter taste of lonesomeness. I was not cheerful even in the company of my classmates at the grade school I attended. When I was alone at home the dismal atmosphere often filled me with fear even though thought here went to work in the morning but always came later than I did. For a young person like me t was too bad. Not until I was about sixteen years old had I outgrown t feeling of fear. Then there was that nagging feeling of loneliness either at home of at school. My father changed his job several times and with each change of his job we had to move and I had to attend a different grade school. Before I finished my elementary education I had attended three grade schools and thus it was difficult for me to cultivate enduring friendships. The feeling of being friendless was a constant source of pain to me. Those unhappy grade school days have of course long been over. I still have an abhorrence for any dismal atmosphere and lonesomeness, but hardened by experience I now find them less disturbing than they were.
篇11:描写鲸鱼的初中英语作文
全文共 599 字
+ 加入清单Whale are huge animals.They live in the sea and eat small fish and other sea life.One intere sting fact is whales can jump high out of water.Some kinds of whales are in danger because humans catch them formeat,fat,and oil,and use whale parts to make candles and soap.Whales are also in danger from water pollution.We should protect whales by making rules on whale protection and by not putting rubbish into the sea.I think people should learn more about whales.
鲸鱼是巨大的动物。他们住在大海和少吃鱼类和其他海洋生物。一个兴趣刺离开水是鲸鱼能跳很高。一些种类的鲸鱼是危险的,因为人类抓注,脂肪,和石油,并利用鲸鱼部分蜡烛和肥皂。从水污染鲸鱼也处于危险之中。我们应该保护鲸鱼,鲸鱼保护规则,不把垃圾放入大海。我认为人们应该了解更多关于鲸鱼。
篇12:初中语文作文写作常用技巧
全文共 1856 字
+ 加入清单作文在语文科目考试中所占的分数比例是最多的,因此,语文写作在考试中占着很大一部分。下面是小编为大家收集整理的初中语文作文写作常用技巧,欢迎大家阅读参考!
很多初中考生在面对作文时不知道该任何下手,其实,语文作文的写作是有一定的技巧性的,把这些技巧应用于你的写作中,就会得心应手。下面是为大家准备的一些语文言语上和写作上的表达技巧:
一、开头常用的5个技巧
要写好一篇文章,开头很重要,所谓万事开头难,作文也是如此。起好头,能为下一步文章写作打下一个很好的基础。古人把文章好的开头比作“凤头”,是很有道理的。一个能让人引发无穷遐思的文章开头,更能使你的文章锦上添花。在语文应试作文中,一个好的文章开头往往更能吸引阅卷老师的目光。同时拥有一个好的“凤头”,往往更能激发读者的兴趣,即为下文打下了一个很好的基础。作文开头的方法很多,在此谈谈常见的5个方法。
1、开门见山法。 直截了当地切入话题,或开宗明义旗帜鲜明地表明自己的观点、立场。这种方法,朴实自然直截了当,引起下文。一般来说,这种开头方法,随信手拈来,但毕竟出彩儿不多,如果是记叙文或者抒情散文,建议选用其他方法。 开门见山法的例子: 《心灵的镜子》的开篇:“一个人看世界犹如照镜子,镜子中照出的不是人妍媸美丑的外表,而是他那形形色色的灵魂。” 《青春无价》的开头:青春是人的生命中最灿烂最宝贵的季节,它的价值不能用金钱去衡量。 《友善》“投我以木瓜,报之以琼琚。”早在《诗经》中就有教人友善待人的文章。友善待人,不仅是善待他人,更是善待自己。 不过,就考场作文而言,假如你没有把握把别的技巧玩得娴熟,不建议在开头上采用过多的技巧,最好就用开门见山的方法。
2、设置悬念法。 指在写作开始提出疑问,引起读者急切期待并探究事情原委的一种方法。此法能启发读者思索,激发阅读兴趣,达到引人入胜的效果。 如《一次精彩的课外活动》:“上个周六,我们7中的8年级二班发生了“轩然大波”:一个女生哇哇地在课堂上哭,而我们的班主任朱老师却微笑着站在讲台上,最后,全班同学都哄堂大笑起来。至今,同学们还在津津有味地谈论那天的事情……”设置悬念,到底发生了什么事情呢,为什么学生哭,老师笑,而最后同学们都哄堂大笑呢?读者感到好奇——咦,怎么会那样呢?就很想阅读下去。
3、情景渲染法。 也就是描写一个情景,让这个情景牵引出故事的开头。这类开头方法,是记叙文的常见开头方法,建议同学们采用。在故事中间或者结尾,要适时加上“于是出现了本文开头的那一幕”,以便于呼应开头。这种开头方法,其实跟上面的设置悬念有一定的联系。只是,悬念的浓度不大,更偏向于情景的渲染,而设置悬念,偏向于一个出人意外的结果,使人好奇。 如《我对网络的悔和爱》:“啪——”,一记清脆的耳光。 男孩子坐在床上,护着那半边红脸,低头哭泣,内心充满了愧疚。旁边的父亲正在大声严厉地训斥,愤怒涨红了他的脸。那个男孩就是我。此事要从头道来。
4、修辞排比法。 在开头的时候,用上几个修辞排比句,把文章主题的内涵,用排比句的形式写出来。这种修辞方法,可用于有记叙有议论类的记叙文。 这种方法的主要特点就是:连续把有几个象征意义的句子排比起来,最好把几个比喻句排比起来。而且建议同学们的比喻句不要太长。 《他让我明白了作为父亲的坚强》:一颗流星,只有熬过了焚身的痛苦,方能划破黑暗;一粒种子,只有承受了泥土的压力,方能指向光明;一只虫子,只有冲破了黑暗的包围,方能羽化成蝶。一位父亲,只有真正做到了坚强,方能令人感动和敬仰。我的父亲,就是这样的一位强者。
5、景物开篇法。 指开头用自然环境描写,渲染一种特定的氛围,烘托人物的心理,为全文定下感情基调的方法。这种方法适应于在某种环境下发生的某类事情,在开头的时候,不能牵强附会地硬搬环境和景物。具体到写作的时候,要灵活运用。 如《秋雨,淅淅沥沥地下着》:“淅淅沥沥的秋雨一个劲地下着,呜呜咽咽的唢呐不停地吹着。”文章一开始就给我们烘托出了一种悲伤的氛围。
二、记叙文结尾一个小窍门
同学们要记住,写什么作文,最后的结尾一般来说是要抒情的。结尾的时候要注意三点?一个再次切题,二是首尾呼应,三是优美的抒情语言。
1、 再次切题,其实很简单,把标题内容换汤不换药地重复一下,甚至先说一句:“这就是XXXXXX”,接着再抒情就行了。
2、首尾呼应,要看是什么开头,结尾的时候,如果能把开头的内容回顾一下,就显得更舒畅了。
3、语言优美的道理很简单。语言优美了,抒情才能更动人。这种结尾,最好也用比喻排比句。
篇13:我的班级初中英语作文
全文共 599 字
+ 加入清单My Class
here are forty-two students in my class, with 25boys and 17girls. It’s an active class, and the reason may be that the boys are more than girls. The classroom atmosphere of our class is very good, because we interact with teachers quite often. Our classmates are all united and helpful to each other. We often organize some activities to enhance the relationship between classmates and our regular activity is the English Day in every two weeks that we can only speak English during recess. Maybe it sounds a little difficult but it really funny and classmates enjoy it very much.
篇14:中考作文写作技巧及方法介绍
全文共 778 字
+ 加入清单要想写好中考作文,在我看来,无非有以下几点:
1.严谨的布局:
正所谓万事开头难,不过只要开了个好头,这篇作文就会很好写了。
凤头:是文章的首段,是阅卷老师首先入眼的地方,一定要做好整篇文章的中心把握,要做到下文与首段上下连贯,紧密结合,要通过开头使下文有可写之处,开头要达到让阅卷老师耳目一新的效果。例如,巧用排比,比喻,拟人等修辞手法,并且通过这些修辞手法,而统领全文主旨。
猪肚:在一篇上好的文章中,分段都会恰到好处,而当文章中只有一大段或两三段时,这篇文章即使文采再出众,也不会有太高的分数,因为阅卷老师在中考判卷时,每三分钟就要判出一份作文,工作量相当大,如果不善于分段,阅卷老师可能失去耐心,从而看不完,就会草草的给出分数。所以,在我看来,一篇文章至少要分6-8个段,但不是一行或几行一段,而是要看起来像豆腐块,一块块整齐的排列在一起,使文章紧中有松,松弛有度。要看上去整篇文章是一个整体,而不是零散的。
豹尾:在文章的最后处,应当让主题更突出鲜明,升华主题思想,使豹尾抽起来!或让人感到峰回路转,柳暗花明或更进一步的特殊效果。在文章末尾,应当再次点题,紧扣中心思想,让贯穿始终的中心思想继续延伸,引人深思。特别是要在结尾处,与开头形成呼应,对比,递进等等,来引发阅读老师的共鸣!
2.细腻的文笔:不管是记叙,议论还是散文;不管是写人写事还是写景。都要用细腻的文笔呈现出来,使文章中点更突出,让阅卷老师在看试卷的过程中,有深思,放慢阅读速度和重复阅读的情况出现,让阅卷老师身临其境,从而使文章更具灵性。
3.贯穿始终的思想感情:在一篇布局格式上很得当,错落有致的文章上,还必须要有一条贯穿始终的思想路线,这条线就像鱼的脊椎一样重要,这条线一定要清晰,明确,千万不可含混不清。
把握好这几点,一篇好的中考作文已经大致成型,不过要想在中考中脱颖而出,这仅仅是开始。
篇15:关于英语说明文的写作方法
全文共 8391 字
+ 加入清单就“说明对象”而言,英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类,比如:对“LASER(激光)”、“Computer Problem of Year XX(计算机XX年问题)”等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明,而“The Successful Interview(谈成功的面试)”、“How to Write Good English Composition(如何才能写好英语作文)” 等是对主观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说,在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者,即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中,阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重,其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述,英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分:第一部分一般是文章的第一段,提出文章的主题,也就是说,文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容;第二部分是文章的主体,可由若干个段落组成,对文章的主题进行展开说明;第三部分是结尾段,对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出,要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在英语中,常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种:
1.罗列法(listing)
在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点,然后常用first,second,…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中,下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的:
Early Rising
Early rising (早起) is helpful in more than one way. First, it helps to keep us fit (健康)。 We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides, we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise (做早操)。
Secondly, early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning, and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.
Thirdly, early rising enables (使能够) us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring, so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.
Fourthly, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work, such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.
Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says,“Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”
罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落,我们可以注意模仿学习:
There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all, …Secondly, …And finally, …
We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all, …Secondly, …And finally,
必须指出的是,有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first, second…等词,但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。
2.举例法(examples)
举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思,常用for example, for instance, still another example is…等词语引出。下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的:
Recreation
It is impossible to keep in good health unless we take enough recreation (娱乐)。 The mind, too, needs change to make it fresh and vigorous (有活力的) There is much truth in the old saying, All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.“
There are many games which boys and girls can play after their school work is done, for instance, football, tennis, and kite-flying. Other examples of recreation are boating, fishing, gardening, cycling, walking, chess-playing, and reading. Persons who sit much at their business should take a kind of recreation that will supply their muscles (肌肉) with exercise. Those who spend most of their time in the open air and do manual work (体力活) should adopt (采纳) reading or some other quiet form of recreation.
Cycling is said to be an important means of recreation, but many persons foolishly tire out themselves by cycling too much. The same may be said in regard to football. Tennis is a pleasant form of recreation. Many persons take great delight in boating. Fishing requires much patience, and there is much danger of taking cold by sitting still on a cold day too long. A good brisk (轻松) walk is one of the finest forms of exercise. For persons engaged in outdoor labor, chess-playing is another excellent form of recreation.
可以看出,举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用:即用罗列法来列出例子,用例子充实罗列的说明。
3.比较法(comparison and contrast)
比较法是对两个对象进行比较,从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点(comparison)和比较不同点(contrast)两种方法,比如:
From Paragraph to Essay
Although they are different in length (长度), the paragraph and the essay are quite similar in structure (结构)。 For example, the paragraph starts with either a topic sentence (主题句) or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. In the essay, the first paragraph sets up the topic focus (主题所在) Next, the sentences in the body of a paragraph develop the topic sentence. Similarly, the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that discuss and support the ideas given in the introductory (引导的) paragraph. Finally, a concluding sentence (结束句) ——whether a restatement, conclusion, or observation——ends the paragraph. The essay, too, has a concluding paragraph which ends the essay logically and satisfactorily. Although there are some exceptions (例外), most well written expository (说明文的) paragraphs and essays are similar in structure.
可以看出,在比较相同点的时候,常用到similarly,also,too,in the same case,in spite of the difference等这样的词语。
European Football and American Football
Although European football is the parent of American football, the two games show several major differences. European football, sometimes called association football or soccer, is played in 80 countries, making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football, on the other hand, is popular only in North America (the United States and Canada)。 Soccer is played by eleven players with a round ball. Football, also played by eleven players in somewhat different positions (位置) on the field, is played with an elongated (拉长的) round ball. Soccer has little body contact (接触) between players and therefore needs no special protective equipment. Football, in which players make the greatest use of body contact to stop a running ball-carrier and his teammates, needs special protective equipment. In soccer, the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting (顶) it with the head. In American football, on the other hand, the ball is passed from hand to hand or carried in the hands across the opponents (对手) goal. These are just a few of the features which distinguish (区别) association and American football.
这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。从文章中可以看出:however,on the other hand,in contrast,but,nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。
4.定义法(definition)
定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法,特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是:
被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语
可以看出,定义句中限制性定语越详细,定义就越精确,比如:
A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on(以……为食品)fruit and insects but is not a bird.
其实,在英—英词典中,对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如,看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的:A student is a person who is studying at a place of education or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession (专业)。
5.顺序法(sequence of time, space and process)
顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平,用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义,用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。
下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的:
Coal
Coal underwent (经受) many changes before it became the bright, brittle (脆的), black substance which we now use. During ancient times (在上古时代), when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate, the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on, the ground changed and began to sink (下沉) a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit (沉淀) of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.
Generations after generations (几世纪后), as the ground kept gradually sinking, another layer of sand and clay was again deposited (积聚) above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted (作用) and the peat (泥煤) was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.
Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important industrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the industrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine (煤矿)。 In China, coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for producing coal. It has the most coal of China.
6.分类法(classification)
分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如:著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根(Francis Bacon)在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》(Of Studies)一文中就用到了分类法:
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested, that is, some books are to be read only in parts, others to be read, but not curiously, and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books…
参考译文:书有可浅尝者,有可吞食者,少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之,有只须读其部分者,有只须大体涉猎者,少数则须全读,读时须全神贯注,孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读,取其所需摘要,但只限题材较次或价值不高者……
——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》(张培基等)
可见,如果能够根据具体情况,选用合适的写作手法,就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。
除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外,还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下,对于中学生来说,上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是:在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主,同时辅以其他写作手法。有时,甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此,必须根据具体情况,选用合适的展开主题的写作手法,才能写出优秀的英语说明文。
篇16:期待初中英语
全文共 522 字
+ 加入清单Every year, the thing I expect the most is the Spring Festival. My parents
work far from home and they come back one or two times a year. The Spring
Festival is the time they come home. Every time they come back, they bring mangy
things to me. When I was little, they bought me toys, new clothes and shoes.
Now, they often buy me books. They say more reading is good for me. They hope I
can learn more. The time spend with them is always happy but short. They only
have half a month at home. I hope they can stay at home longer.
篇17:春节英语初中作文
全文共 724 字
+ 加入清单Hi! Peter,
I’m glad to know you are having a good time in Chengdu.
TheSpring Festival is the most important festival in China. It is a custom to give lucky money to children. I get lucky money every year. I will put most of it in the bank, and spend the rest on some books. This year is no exception(也不例外) and I also got lucky money.With it, I bought some school things for several poor students in Ningxia,hoping the things can bring some happiness to them.
For you, I think it’s a good idea to buy a gift with the lucky money for your hostfamily before you leave China. You can also buy some Chinese gifts for your parents and friends in England. Or, just keep it as good memories.
I hope what I said can help you.
Yours,
Li Hua
篇18:初中国庆英语
全文共 912 字
+ 加入清单An annual one National Day long vacation finally arrived, I go out with my father and mother, visit places of interest, enjoy the great culture of the motherland。 Stores the door hung balloons and colorful flags, red, yellow, green。。。 Is permeated with a festive atmosphere。 Inside is buzzing, carried out a series of promotional activities。 The street people mountain people sea, riding car also want to be a long queue for tickets。 Scenic visitors like a long dragon, countless。 Www.ZixueKaoShi.neT.Men, women, and children should enjoy, people took advantage of the holiday come out to play。 The parking lot, hotel, shopping mall must be very considerable。
National Day is a happy day, peoples living standards improve really fast。 In our motherland mothers arms。 Happiness, happy growth, I wish the motherland mother always beautiful, always prosperous and wish the motherland prosperity every year, the rich!
篇19:高考英语写作指导策略之探究的论文
全文共 2168 字
+ 加入清单【论文摘要】在高考英语试题中,写作是有效提高学生整体成绩的重要手段,写作是目的也是为了测试学生直接运用英语表达的能力而设置的,因此通常都会放在试卷的最后面作为压轴题出现。在高考英语写作要求中,明确提出要让考生运用所学知识进行书写,能组词成句、组句成文,语句符合英语语法和习惯。在写出的书面材料中,要求达到:切中题意,文理通顺,语言准确,得当。那么,怎样才能在高考英语写作中出类拔萃呢?这正是本文要探讨的内容。
一、有的放矢,了解高考英语写作要点
要对高考英语写作的题型及内容有所了解,才能把握好高考英语写作的考点,在此基础上才能找到行之有效的对策及方法。纵观近几年各省高考英语试题中,写作测试的命题思路,有一种从指导性写作逐步向半开放式写作过渡的趋势。半开放式写作,具体地说,就是给考生们提供一定的材料(包括图、文或图文结合)然后要求学生根据材料来进行书面表达,这样的考题形式,既限制了考生随心所欲的思维,又给予考生适当的发挥空间。这种命题方式能较好地考查考生的语言组织能力、书面表达能力以及思维能力。而在文体方面,记叙文、议论文、应用文及书信为最常见的写作题材。因此,我们可以做一个形象的比喻,写文章就像工厂里制造一台机器那样,首先要确定机器由几部分组成,然后对这几部分分别细化,形成初步的设计图;再根据要求对初步的设计图进行完善、补充、修改,随之形成最终的设计图;然后我们再按照图纸的设计,使用我们所掌握的零件去制造出机器;同样的道理,学生写作时可参照以下模式:
1.理解话题:学生在动笔前必须对指定的话题进行反复细读,认真思考,理解其真正的含义,了解出题者的意图,这是进行写作的第一步;
2.明确文体,确定人称时态:这一阶段的判断中,主要强调近十年高考最常见的两种文体:(1)说明文:必须按照事物的原貌加以说明、介绍、解释,常采用一般现在时,被动语态也常使用;(2)记叙文:通常采用第一人称,描述本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事;或用第三人称讲述他人的事情,如果是过去的事情,要用过去时。
3.初拟提纲,再理解话题:明确文体的基础上,草拟写作提纲;提纲是文章的骨架,可以是一句活,也可以是一个词组,由于考试时间所限,提纲内容不必面面俱到,但必须体现文章的整体结构和思路;目前绝大部分高中学生在英语写作时,还习惯于使用母语进行构思,然后将构思好的中文内容翻译成英文,这种情况是正常的;关键在于翻译过程中的语言表达必须符合英语语言的表达习惯
4.开始写作:提纲完成后,应根据提纲充实内容,如果说提纲是骨架的话,那么这时你必须将骨架填充血肉;具体的说就是要扩展要点,连词成句,适当地变换句型,组句谋篇成文;注意应简明扼要,层次分明、用词准确、语法概念清楚,使文章更具说服力,然后在写作完成后,还要对文章进行快速的检查,减少单词的拼写错误和句子表达的错误。
二、高考英语写作指导的具体策略
根据以上对历年高考英语写作试题的分析,我们可以从以下三个方面去指导学生进行写作:
1.细读材料,认真审题
仔细阅读书面表达题所给材料的全部内容,准确理解题目要求。需要认真审查的内容有:(1)文章的开头和结尾是否已给出;(2)用第几人称写作,书面表达要求中会明确指出使用第一人称还是第三人称;(3)提供的情景是图画、图表,还是提纲,如果是连环画,要注意故事情节的连贯性,确定合理的情节发展;(4)是否提供参考词汇,如果提供有参考词汇,写作中最好要用到;(5)采用什么文体,如果是议论文,要有论点、论据和结论三部分。如果是应用文,要注意其格式。如果是记叙文,要抓住六个要素:时间、地点、人物、事件、事情起因、事情的发展与结果。
2.恰当选择词语和句式
认真审题后,就可以列提纲了,将重点单词、短语、句型写在提纲里,关于选词切忌使用生僻词语,要求做到用词准确、得体、达意。选择句式时,尽量使用多种句式,如强调句、倒装句、各种名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句和固定句型等,长句和短句视情况交错使用,这样可以提高文章的档次,使文章生辉。
选词大多是在一组同义词或近义词之间进行。例如,我们要表达“好”这个意思,一般来说,大家会马上想起“good”,因为口语中我们经常说agoodfriend、goodluck、agoodpicture等。但是,在不同的短语中,可以选择不同的英语单词使表达更加准确、生动、形象。
3.多背常识性语句,扩大知识面
语言是有规律的,不同体裁的书面表达都有其常识性语句。如果同学们平时有大量的语句积累,在写作时就能把积累的东西调动起来。这些常识性语句既可增加文章的连贯性、逻辑性和可读性,同时还能提供地道的表达方式。写人物介绍时,应着重写人物的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、工作态度、与人相处和社会评价等语句。例如:lipingisagoodteacher,whoisthirtyyearsold.heis175centimetrestallandheishealthy.等。
【参考文献】
[1]韩金龙,秦秀白.体裁分析与体裁教学法.[j].外语界2000(1)
[2]韩金龙.英语写作教学:过程体裁教学法.[j].外语界.2001(4)
[3]何星.“过程写作法”较之“结果写作法”在高中英语写作教学中的
有效性研究.[d]华东师大专业硕士学位论文.2007
篇20:我的房间初中记叙英语作文
全文共 475 字
+ 加入清单There is a big table in it. The table is pink and brown. There is a yellow story book on the table. Look! There is a green trash bin under the table. Where is the teddy bear? Oh! It’s on the bed. The teddy bear is cute. My bed is so big. It’s pink and blue. There is a picture on the wall. There is a mat on the floor. In front of the mat, there is a closet. The closet is beautiful. Over the closet, there is an air- conditioner.
I like my room. It’s the most beautiful room.