初中英语的写作技巧【精品20篇】

Sea pollution is becoming an increasing problem for our planet and we have

a responsibility to reduce sea pollution.

I need to describe the problem. Our ship currently dumps all its rubbish

into the sea.Its easy to result in huge endanger. First of all, Non-organic

substances such as plastic bags kill fish and whales. Because fish get trapped

and whales cannot digest them. Secondly some rubbish is inherently toxic.

I can suggest some solutions. First and foremost we can create a better

system of disposing of rubbish for instance. We ought to store rubbish. Next, we

are supposed to make ships environmentally and friendly. A case in point is that

we should stop providing plastic bags.

We must act now before it is too late!

英语是一种语言，从语言学角度来看，学生在掌握一定数量的词汇与语法知识后，就要用来表达自己的思想、见解，这些落实到纸面上就是英语写作。为提高大家的英语写作能力和技巧，下面小编为大家带来英语六级写作方法技巧，欢迎大家学习!

英语六级写作方法技巧：

方法一：叙述法

叙述法发展段落主要是按照事物本身的时间或空间的排列顺序，通过对一些特有过渡连接词的使用，有层次分步骤地表达主题句的一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落，作者能够清楚连贯地交待事物的本末，从而可以使读者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含义，例如：，

In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen went inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping.，

这段是按照事物发展的先后顺序，叙述从发现案情、报警、到警察赶到、包围现场的过程。全文脉络清晰，叙述的层次感强，结构紧凑。

常用于叙述法中的过渡连接词有：first, an the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等。

方法二：列举法

作者运用列举法，是通过列举一系列的论据对topic sentence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释，列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。，

Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didnt hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didnt read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadnt gone to the meeting. Then I didnt notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldnt get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand.

根据本段主题句中的关键词组everything I did went wrong，作者列举了8点内容，分别由first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch time等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。

常用于列举法的过渡连接词有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。

方法三：重复法

句子的一部分反复出现在段落中，这就是重复法。它往往造成一种步步紧逼的气氛，使文章结构紧凑，有感染力。比如：

Since that time, which is far enough away from now, I have often thought that few people know what secrecy there is in the young, under terror. I was in mortal terror of the young man who wanted my heart and liver; I was in mortal terror of my interlocutor with the iron leg; I was in mortal terror of myself, from whom an awful promise had been extracted; --

该段中反复应用了I was in mortal terror of …我经常处于恐怖之中。

以上， 我们结合具体文章讨论了展开段落的几种方法。在实际写作中，我们往往不必拘泥于一种写作方法，而是将若干方法穿插在一起，使文章有声有色。

方法四：因果分析法

在阐述某一现象的段落中，常采用因果分析法。例如：

The role of women in todays society is changing. One reason is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the womens movement. Also, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. Another reason is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. Moreover, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively.

本段中，主题句提出了一种社会现象，推展句则对产生这种现象的原因作出各种解释。 常用于因果分析法的连接词有：because, so, as a result等。

方法五：对比法

将同类的事物按照某种特定的规则进行比较分析是一种常用的思维方法。通过对比，更容易阐述所述对象之间的异同和优缺点，例如：

The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes, or transistors. Its electronic circuits work a thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain. A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute.

在这段文字上， 作者为了突出电子计算机运行速度之快，首先将它与人脑进行了比较， "-- a thousand times faster than --" ;而后，又将这一概念具体到了 "a problem"上，通过对比使读者从 "-- a long time -- in one minute"上有更加直观的认识。

常用于对本法或比较法上的过渡连接词有：than, compared with等。

The news that Mr Cai had passed away was known, and I fell into great

sorrow. The sound of the rain knocking on the window was so mournful that it

deepened my distress.

My memory brought me back to the class when I saw him for the last

time.

That evening it was raining, too. We started our lesson as usual at a

quarter past six. I sat in the first row, and I saw Mr Cai press his stomach

with a hand from time to time, but I didn’t know the reason then. The two hours

passed quickly. When the lesson came to an end,Mr Cai told us that he had

possibly developed a stomach cancer, and would go to Beijing to see a doctor. If

there was nothing serious, he would continue to teach us after he came back. He

was very calm and his voice was steady. He still gave us some homework. He said

that he would mark the papers as soon as he came back.

Then I started to wait for his return. I had not thought that I would not

see him any more. The cancer had taken his life, even though he was still

young.

Mr Cai’s words are still ringing in my ears,“I hope you will be one of the

best students.” I think I should work hard at English and live up to his

expectation .

I have lost a good teacher. Tears will dry up in time, but the memory will

stay for ever.

前不久，我读了一本海伦·凯勒的书——《假如给我三天光明》，我真切感受到活着的意义。

文中主要讲海伦·凯勒自幼患病，导致两耳失聪、双目失明。在安妮·莎莉文老师的帮助下，她经过不懈的努力，最后上了哈佛大学，以优异的成绩获得了学士学位。她的世界无光、无声，她对光明世界充满憧憬，她写道，假如给她三天光明，她要透过“灵魂之窗”看到那些鼓励她生活下去的善良、温厚与心怀感动的人们；她要在黎明起身，去看黑夜变成白昼的动人奇迹；她要到为生活而奔忙的人们经常去的地方，去体验他们的快乐、忧伤、感动和善良。

海伦凭着一颗坚强的心最终在逆境中崛起，她用自己的事例告诉我们：要正确面对困难。每一个人都会遇到困难，但千万不能退缩，而是要想办法解决，设法战胜困难！看看我们的身边，有多少人随意践踏自己的生命：一个失业的邻居，他认为自己已经不能再走进这个社会，选择了自行了断；一些情感遭受挫折的人，他们总觉得天要塌下来似的，希望一死了之……再想想自己，我更觉得很惭愧：以前，我总是虚度光阴，得过且过，和海伦一比，我无地自容。

是啊，生命之花是绚烂的，也是脆弱的，稍不珍惜就会枯萎，凋零。一个残疾人都那么珍惜生命，我们有什么理由糟践自己。让我们从现在开始，不要因贪玩而失去了宝贵的时间；让我们从现在开始，珍爱生命，让生命之花永远绽放！

点评

作文时，我们往往在求新求异的思维中，让最过平常的事物和感受被忽视。但是，最平凡的也是最伟大的。小作者在这篇习作中，用最平常不过的读后感给我们了一个生命的启迪，那就是——不要虚度光阴。文章在简明扼要的开头之后，用饱含激情的笔墨向我们发出了呼喊，两段中都用了排比句式，有效增强了文章的感染力。文章语言并不华丽，但下笔饱满，情真意切。

写作技巧拓展阅读：感悟生命

近段，我们学习了本组课文，还搜集了有关的资料，对生命有了进一步的认识，让我们把这段时间的学习和收获写下来。可以写写自己了解到的生命现象，也可以写写身边的那些热爱生命的故事，还可以写写自己获得的感受、得到的启发。内容要具体，语句要通顺，要表达出自己的真实情感。

老师：同学们，在碧绿的大海里，鱼儿在自由地遨游；在蔚蓝的天空下，马儿在尽情地奔跑；在茂盛的树林里，鸟儿在欢快地鸣唱……这个世界最生机盎然的就是生命！正是这一条条鲜活的生命啊，让我们的整个地球也鲜活起来。有这样一首歌——《在我生命中的每一天》，歌中唱道：“看时光飞逝，我祈祷明天……”每当那熟悉的旋律响起，我就感到生命的可贵 。这节课我们就围绕生命这一永恒的话题，来谈谈自己的看法，好吗？

小丫：好呀！通过这一阶段的综合性学习，我对生命有了更深的理解。前不久，我在一本书上看到著名作家史铁生的故事，文中讲到：史铁生病残之后，在无尽的痛苦中整日与地坛为伴，用残缺的身体，说出了最为健全而丰满的思想，思考生命，写出了《我与地坛》《命若琴弦》等生命之思，成为现代文学史上“思想的巨人”。

老师：史铁生在病残的情况下并没有放弃生命，反而更加争取、珍爱自己的生命，这是多么的难能可贵！毛豆，你又有什么收获呢？

毛豆：有呀！我的发现可多了，我在网上查到司马迁受宫刑以后，忍辱负重，用不完整的生命写出了《史记》；我在弘一法师的传记中了解到：弘一法师在圆寂前，再三叮嘱弟子把他的遗体装龛时，在龛的四个角下各垫上一个碗，碗中装水，以免蚂蚁虫子爬上遗体后在火化时被无辜烧死。好几次看弘一法师的传记，读到这个细节，我总是为弘一法师对于生命深切的怜悯与敬畏之心所深深感动；我还在一本书上看到《钢铁是怎样炼成的》的作者奥斯特洛夫斯基，在战斗中身体受损，双目失明，凭借顽强的毅力继续战斗，并且完成了这部世界名著，他最大的愿望就是拥有健康的身体。

老师：是呀！在我们身边，这样的事例还有很多，比如张海迪，她高位截瘫，却身残志坚；桑兰，在受伤以后不屈不挠，成为信心和阳光的象征……他们都用那坚韧不拔的精神阐释了生命的真谛。除此之外，你们还了解到了我们身边哪些热爱生命的东西？

毛豆：在我们身边，有许多热爱生命的人：辛勤培育我们的老师，治病救人的医生、 护士，忠于职守的警察叔叔……他们用劳动创造着美好的生活，也使自己的生命充满光彩。

小丫：其实还有许多动植物也十分珍爱自己的生命，比如被踩到的蚂蚁、小草等等，它们都不会随意放弃自己的生命，而总是以顽强的精神活了下来。

老师：你们可真是生活的有心人，通过一个阶段的观察，发现了这么多热爱生命的事例。可是这么多的事例，我们写什么好呢？

小丫：我觉得应该选择自己感受最深刻的来写，这样才能写得有声有色，有真情实感。

毛豆：我觉得应该选择最震撼自己心灵的事例来写，因为这样才能把内容写得生动形象。

老师：你们说的都很有道理，虽然我们能写的内容很多，但如果选择感受最深刻的、最震撼自己心灵的内容来写，这样不仅有话可说，而且能使文章更加有血有肉。那我们在写这一篇文章时应注意什么呢？

毛豆：我想，“生命”这个主题是很大的，如果面面俱到，就会使得自己的文章空洞无物，所以我们要从身边的一个人物、一件小事写起，就写身边司空见惯的平凡小事。

老师：说得对，作文最忌空洞了。要避免这一点，还要做到真实。选择的内容要贴近自我，贴近自我的心灵，写出自己的体验，自己的想法，自己的个性。 此外，在构思时，我们还要注意什么？

小丫：还要注意选材要新。首先想一想：别人会写些什么呢？我还能写些什么呢？我怎么才能写得更好呢？要做到与众同。

老师：有道理。同学们，生命是飞蛾求生的欲望；生命是一棵棵不屈向上、茁壮生长的瓜苗；生命是一声声沉稳而有规律的心跳；生命是老树枯枝上的新芽；生命是展翅高飞的雄鹰……现在就让我们拿起笔来，开始今天的习作之旅，把自己心中那最光彩有力的生命写下来吧！

Our parents give us much love every day,so we should give them love,too.That was a holiday,I stayed at home alone.I made a dinner for my parents.Because I was only seven,the meal was really awful.But my mother never stopped saying,"Its very delicious!"She said she was very impressed.

How do you give your parents love?

Father’s Day is coming and you must be thinking of giving a present to your father。 Different people like different kinds of gifts。

If you have enough pocket money， you can buy a useful but not expensive thing， like a tie。 I think your father will like it。 But if you don’t have enough pocket money， you can do something that you can do， for example， you can prepare a cup of tea。 When your father comes back from work， he can drink it。

No matter what you do， the most important thing is to make your father happy on Father’s Day。 Don’t you think so?

Every vacation is expected, every holiday is memorable, every holiday is worth remembering, every holiday is colorful, every holiday is wonderful. The long-awaited vacation that really makes people feel relaxed and wanted the bag flew into the air and let him ruin, hate books will be torn in two, with the solution of the heart "stuffy" school for such a long time, always feel like chanting, blankly.

In October 1st, there was an inevitable national day of golden week. I heard from my familys TV that Change two will launch and launch at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center at eighteen fifty-nine, fifty-seven seconds in October 1st this year. I took off at nineteen oclock. When I witnessed the great cause of aviation in China, I remembered the Change No.1. It has applied for more than 10 patents, and more than 80 patents are being applied. The Change two should be better because the times are improving. Ive also heard about the Diaoyu Island in China. - the Diaoyu Islands, the full name of "Diaoyu Islands" shidori called Senkaku islands". The Diaoyu Islands by the Diaoyu Islands, yellow tail Island, Akao Island, South Island, North Island, South Island, North Island and flying Seto island and other islands, a total area of about seven square kilometers. It is located in the east longitude 123 degree - 124 degree 34 ", the north latitude 25 - 4" - 26 degrees.

Think about the history of China and think about Chinas present. Though China is very weak on the surface, if todays president wants to dominate the world, China can still do it.

每一个假期都是令人期待的；每一个假期都是令人难忘的；每一个假期都是值得回味的；每一个假期都是丰富多彩的；每一个假期都是奇妙的。盼望已久的假期一到，真是让人倍感轻松，恨不得让书包飞到空中让他自取灭亡，恨不得将书本撕成两半，以解心头之‘闷’，开学这么长时间了，总觉得像念经，呆呆的。

十月一日，有一个无法忘记的国庆黄金周，这次我在家中的电视中得知了嫦娥二号将于今年十月一日十八时五十九分五十七秒在西昌卫星发射中心点火发射。十九时整起飞，当我亲眼目睹了中国的航空伟业的时候，我又想起了嫦娥一号，它已经申请了十多项专利，而且还有八十多项专利正在申请中，这个嫦娥二号应该会更好，因为时代在进步。我还听说了，中国的xx事见。——xx，全称“xx群岛”，倭人称其为“尖阁列岛”。xx群岛由xx、黄尾岛、赤尾岛、南小岛、北小岛、大南小岛、大北小岛和飞濑岛等岛屿组成，总面积约七平方公里。它位于东经123°——124°34″，北纬25°4″——26°。

想一想中国的历史，想一想中国的现在，中国表面上虽然很弱，但如果今天的主席向称霸世界的话，中国还是可以做到的，只是现在的主席想的只是和平而已。

When the leaves from the green turn yellow, the wind gently blow, leaves the name of the child like a yellow butterfly fly down; when the trees off the green summer, put on the golden autumn; when the rice field covered with a Zhang "gold carpet", the fall has unwittingly came to our side. When we enjoy the beautiful spring, the autumn rhythm of the ground up.

Autumn as bright as the pearls, smooth broken jade children, scattered scattered, intermittent, silent, fluttering to sway. And threw it upon the high eaves; and sprinkled it on the dead branches; and leapt to the earth;

Autumn drip on the window, thrown a slight luster, pattering, playing into a autumn march. They seem to be a group of lively and lovely children, drooping to fall on the umbrella, like walking on the umbrella. These "children" like weaving a gray mantle account, hanging between heaven and earth. I seem to see the hazy sky there is a slim girl looming, she seems shy up, put on a layer of mysterious veil. And as if a "city beautician" drive a huge sprinkler in the water, the city should be washed spotlessly.

Autumn winds, blowing away the hot summer, bring cool. Gradually, the rain is getting bigger and bigger, one of the meaningful, let you back to the past, let you miss the hometown, rather than that it is worry, it is better to say that this is a taste of beauty it

Rain is fine, a picture is so sweet, it is to celebrate the crop harvest smile, it is so that the mountains and plains of the fruit red face. "Autumn wind and rain worry about the era of early in the motherland golden autumn gone.

I love the rain, because she put the world with a mysterious clothes!

英语字母教学作为英语学习的基础，是小学英语教学中重要一环，这一阶段的教学，教师应给予足够的重视，通过各种教学组织形式使这一阶段的学习得以很好的落实。学好26个字母对以后单词的学习起着至关重要的作用。因此，在学习字母阶段，我们要利用一切可利用的资源，创设情境，让学生和字母交朋友、做游戏。

一、字母读音教学

1. 注重示范发音的正确性

字母发音直接影响着学生单词的发音，而且学生错误的发音一旦形成就很难再纠正。因此教师在教学字母之前一定要多听录音，纠正好自己的发音。在课堂教学中教师要让学生听磁带跟读，观察他们的口形，并鼓励模仿得好的学生示范领读，帮助其他同学纠正发音。

2. 把握学生的发音难点

受各地方方言的影响，学生对字母的发音往往会出错。比如：南方人容易把A读成/e/。因此，教师要把握好学生方言发音难点，预先采取各种教学方法防止错误发音的出现。

3. 强化个别字母教学

尽管许多学生对字母有了一定程度的掌握，但大多数学生都没有进行过系统的字母学习，中间难免存在着许多似是而非的现象。例如学生对GgJj两个字母的读音容易混淆，对Uu和Ii这两个字母的发音不到位。教师在教学中应针对这种情况加强这几个字母的训练。

4. 注重读音归类教学

把字母按读音进行分类是字母读音教学的一个重要任务，也是学生觉得有一定难度的一项内容。为了使学生能更好得掌握，教师可采用分家游戏的方法，按家族将26个字母进行分类记忆。首先将字母划分为七个家族，再对号入座，最终编成一首音素家族chant 帮助学生记忆：

A、H、J、K 是A 家族，A，A是族长。

E的家族有八位，BCDE，GPTV，E，E是族长。

/e/ 的家族没有族长，它的成员有七位，FLMN，SX 和Z。

U 的家族有三位，UQW，U，U是族长。

I 的家族有两位，IY，I，I是族长。(手势指着自己)

R 和O单独住，它们自己是族长。

5. 注重语音暗线的铺垫

在三年级下册学生用书中，字母读音和字母例词的安排是一条语音暗线，教师教学时要努力让学生掌握字母的正确读音，并初步感知字母在例词中的读音，为以后学习语音奠定基础。比如讲到字母Ee时，例词是egg，elepghant，教师可突出字母E的发音。英语有48个国际音标，如果学生能在学习 26个字母的同时掌握与此相关的26个音素，将会为以后的语音学习打好基础。

二、字母书写教学

字母的书写过程要一步步进行：先观察性状，再观察笔顺、占格情况，然后书空，使用活动手册进行描红，最后达到仿写。

1. 字母认读的教学

字母的书写首先要求学生能正确区分一些形近的字母。有些字母可以通过猜谜的方法让学生记住它们的形状特点。例如：弯弯的月牙(C)、一条小蛇 (S)、三叉路口(T)、1加3(B)、一座宝塔(A)、胜利的象征(V)、大号鱼钩(J)、一张弓(D)、一扇小门(n)、一棵小苗(r)、一把椅子 (h)。这些谜语既能让学生记住字母的形，又能激发学生的学习兴趣。同时，还可以让学生自编谜语学习字母，充分发挥学生的想象能力。另外，还可以将字母的一部份遮住，让学生根据漏出来部分来猜字母。

2. 字母书写的教学

字母的书写是小学生的一个薄弱环节。小学的英语书写一定要求学生做到严格遵照书写规范，教师绝对不能马虎。因为英语字母有印刷体和书写体之分，所以容易使学生在书写时发生混淆，教师在教学时应多在这方面进行强调。

(1)笔顺教学

教师要充分利用多媒体设施让学生仔细观察字母的笔画和笔顺。正确的笔顺在活动手册的描红练习中有正确的示范。但有时学生会受到汉语拼音笔顺的影响，错误书写字母，因此教师要对容易出错的笔顺进行比较细致的指导。如i和j都是后加点，t先写钩，H先两竖等。建议教师不妨采用汉语拼音的教法，使用一些形象的比喻，帮助学生理解记忆书写规则，防止笔画出错。比如：H是一双筷子拴根线，j是海豹顶皮球，i是小海狮头上顶个球，t是伞把带开关等。

(2)格式教学

字母的占格同样是字母书写教学中的一个教学难点，尤其是当字母的大小写混在一起的时候，学生很容易混淆。这样，教师要先清楚示范，提醒学生注意并总结字母占格的规律。同时，教师还可以借助儿歌帮助学生掌握字母的占格规律。如：英语书写，四线三格，大写字母一二格，上不顶线是原则;小写字母认准格，上面有 ‘辫’一二格，下面有‘尾’二三格，无‘辫’无‘尾’中间格;i，t中上一格半。在学生掌握了字母的占格规律后，还要通过活动手册上的描红来加强练习。这里要注意的是，到一定阶段的时候，教师要让学生能在没有四线格的一条线上，甚至是没有任何线的白纸上也能正确地表示出字母的书写格式。

三、操练

字母操练我们还可以采用游戏的形式。

1. What’s missing?游戏

学了几个字母以后，把字母卡片放在一起让学生认读，然后抽去其中的一张，让学生寻找：What’s missing?此时，学生注意力高度集中，急于表现自己，识记的效果就会很好。

2. 左邻右舍游戏

学生准备好已经学过的字母卡片，教师出示一个字母，让学生找出它的左邻右舍，请找到的几个学生快速把字母拿到讲台上站在相应的位置上，其余的学生一起认读这几个字母。

3. Make letters游戏

让学生用肢体动作表示不同的字母，或让学生用火柴棒拼出不同字母的形状。

第一次作文训练

训练内容：

合理交代记叙的要素

训练目标：

1、全面掌握记叙的六个要素

2、学会交代记叙要素的基本方法

3、初步学会写人记事的方法

训练重点：

1、 全面掌握记叙的六个要素

2、 初步学会写人记事的方法

训练难点：

怎样掌握写人记事的方法

训练时数：三课时

第一课时

教学内容：

作文指导

教学步骤：

一、知识讲解：

(一)什么是记叙的要素

记叙文就是以记叙为主要表达方式的记人叙事的文章。一篇完整的记叙文一般应包括时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果这“六要素”。

那么为何称之为“要素”?

我们知道，记叙文主要是记人叙事的，这“人”和“事”自然包括在要素中，而这“人”和“事”又必须是特定时间、特定地点的“人”和“事”。如英雄刘胡兰是革命战争年代在山西从事革命工作的女共产党员;铁人王进喜是新中国成立不久奋战在大庆油田的劳模。没有时间、地点，也就无法记人与叙事。很显然，时间、地点是记叙文不可缺少的要素。要写人必定要写事，让人物在事件中凸现，在事件中丰满;写事件就必须交待清楚事件发生的原因和结果，没有原因和结果，人们就不知道它的来龙去脉，也就不是一篇完整的记叙文，显然，原因与结果也是记叙的要素。

(二)怎样合理地交待时间与地点

交待时间与地点，大致有以下几种方式：

1.开头交待。

这是人们叙述时时常采用的方法。例如，《竞选》的开头：

五月的天气有点阴。

龟峰乡石坳村的村民选举即将开始，321位选民端坐在会场上。

开头把竞选的时间、地点交待清楚了，为下面叙述竟选场面作了必要的交待。

2.连续交待。

有的记叙文，因事件的发生、发展时间跨度大，地点在不断转移，需要连续交待。如《驿路梨花》中的几处交待：

(1)一弯新月升起来了，我们借助淡淡的月光，在忽明忽暗的梨花林里走着。山间的夜风吹得人脸上凉凉的，梨花的白色花瓣轻轻飘落在我们身上。

(2)第二天早上，我们没有立即上路。老人也没有离开，我们决定把小茅屋修葺一下，给屋顶加点草，把房前屋后的排水沟再挖深一些。

(3)接着，小姑娘向我们讲述了房子的来历。十多年前，有一队解放军路过这里，在树林里过夜，半夜淋了大雨。他们说，这里要有一间给过路人避风雨的小屋就好了，第二天早晨就砍树割草盖起了房子。

(1)段交待的时间是夜晚，地点是梨树林;(2)段交待的时间是第二天早上，地点是(梨树林)茅屋旁;(3)段是补充交待，时间是十多年前，地点是树林。这样连续交待，所叙述的事情就显得脉络分明。

3.间接交待。

对于时间和地点的表示，不一定直接写某年某月某日，某省某市某区，如“桃花开了”“枫叶红了”“天空出现鱼肚白”“几颗寒星还在泛着冷光”，它们分别间接表示“春天”“秋天”“早晨”“夜晚”等时间概念，还有如“雪域高原”“春城”“板栗之乡”，分别间接表达了“西藏”“昆明”“罗田”等地点概念。

(三)怎样合理交待人物与事件

1.人物的正面描写与侧面描写。

(1)正面描写。外貌(肖像)、行动、语言、心理描写属正面描写。

A外貌描写。《背影》为例。

考研英语应用文写作范文之感谢信感谢信

结构要点感谢信是就某事向收信人表示感谢的信件，分为三个部分：

1． 指出对方帮助自己的事情，表示感谢；

2． 展开叙述这件事；

3． 再次感谢，并可表示希望回报对方。

Suppose your were recommended by Professor Sun to get further education in Yale University last June and now you have been admitted by that university. Write a letter to Professor Sun to express your gratitude in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Professor Sun,

I am writing to extend my gratitude to you—without your help I would not have been a postgraduate student of Applied Mechanics Department of Yale University.

Last June, you helped me with no reservation when I applied for Yale University. You wrote a recommendation letter for me to Professor W, the dean of the department. You gave me instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters. Whats more, you also taught me how to take care of myself and get along with others, which I believe are lifes great lessons.

Your help enabled me to fulfill my dream to pursue my studies in a great university. In the following days I will remember what you have told me and work and study hard to be a capable, conscientious and responsible person.

Yours truly,

Li Ming

感谢信

语言注意点感谢信应充分表达自己的谢意，切不可给对方草率的印象。可借助谈对方的帮助来进一步表达感激之情。言辞应真挚、得体。

Suppose you were taken good care of by Aunt Sun when you pursued your studies in Los Angels where Sun lived. Write a letter in about 100 words to extend your appreciation. Do not

sign your own name, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Aunt Sun,

It is a great pleasure to extend my sincere gratitude to you for your hospitality and consideration while I pursue my bachelors degree at University of California.

As soon as I arrived in Los Angeles, you found me an apartment near my university. When I met with difficulties you often sent your daughter to help me and when I felt homesick you often talked to me patiently. You told me how to improve my efficiency in both work and study and how to get on well with teachers and schoolmates. Furthermore, you invited me to dinner on nearly every weekend.

Without your help, I would not have graduated with honors and found a satisfactory job back here in China. I know I can never repay you for everything you have done for me in the past four years, but you can be sure that I

Best regards.

Yours faithfully,

Li Ming ll never forget it.

善于思考勤于积累

要想在中考作文中拿到高分，这需要考生在日常生活中善于观察，不能两耳不闻窗外事，而应积极关注当今社会热点，如人口问题、污染问题、世界和平等一系列现象；要善于思考，勤于把自己的思想用英语正确地表达和记录下来，只有通过不断的积累和磨练，才能练就良好的写作基本功。

认真审题写好提纲

考生在拿到试卷之后，当听力题做完，可以先看一看作文的题目与类型，对它有一个大致的印象和准备，在做语法和阅读题时对自己的作文能有一个初步的构思。应尽可能地留出20分钟的时间来写作文。在正式写作文时，可参照以下步骤：

1、认真审题，确定题目中的关键词。

2、展开一次“BrainStorm”即头脑风暴，对该题引申出各种联想和论点。

3、根据自己已有的经验和词汇量选择自己最熟悉、最有把握的方面和论点来写作。

4、确定基本的写作时态，如记叙文通常用一般过去时（时态运用错误是考生们大量失分的主要原因）。

5、对于有能力的同学，注意不能通篇均用简单句型，可适当引入初中的语法重点如状语从句、宾语从句和被动语态等。这会使考生的作文有质的提高。

6、当整篇作文写完，一定要进行仔细的检查，注意使句子流畅，时态运用准确，单词拼写正确，冠词运用正确，名词的大小写正确。

Now as the coming of June, which means the summer holiday is drawing near.

I am so excited about the holiday. After studying for four months, finally I can

take a break. I have made up some plans. First, I want to go back to my

hometown. I miss the food and my friends. I also like the clean water and the

blue sky. It is such a great time for me to stay in hometown. Second, I will

travel with my parents. They will take me to the different places and let me

look at the world. I gain a lot of knowledge and broaden my vision. I am so

looking forward to my holiday.

Generally speaking, life in high school is busy and fulfilling, due to the

ultimate goal---College Entrance Examination. Many people say that there is no

fun left but bored study and endless exercises. However, as a high school

student, I can’t agree with them. Personally, I live a fruitful but happy life

in high school. It can’t be denied that study is my priority that I must spend

most of my time and energy on it. Sometimes, study may make me frustrated or

even drive me crazy, but I still can adjust my mood to enjoy my life. Besides, I

can also get a sense of achievement when I do well in my study or make progress.

The most important is that my friends bring much happiness to me and my parents’

care inspires me to go on. I think friends in high school are my best friend

forever, because they know me a lot and witness all of my emotions. They are the

persons who grow with me. In addition, teachers in high school care much about

our students both in study and life, and classmates are always friendly to each

other. We build deep friendship together. All of these make up my fruitful life

in high school, which I will cherish forever.

在国庆假期里，最快乐的事就是妈妈带我去动物园游玩。

动物园里的动物可多了，有会喷水的大象，有活泼调皮的猴子，有高贵漂亮的长颈鹿……最凶猛的狮子、老虎和大狗熊是圈养在虎山的，我和妈妈是坐着缆车观看的，坐在缆车里往下看，我刚好看到有一头黄色的大狮子正在张着那血盆大口吼叫，声音大得像打雷，我的心紧张极了，不由得握紧妈妈的手。

在百鸟园里，我见到了好多鸟，不过大部分我都不认识。我们看了鸟艺表演，观看了鹦鹉说话、鸽子识字等节目。最有趣的要数乌鸦拉车子了。一只黑黑的乌鸦拉了一只雪白雪白的鸽子，到了目的地，鸽子却不付钱，乌鸦气呼呼地把车子推翻在地，逗得观众哈哈大笑。

这里好看好玩的可多啦，说也说不完，真让人流连忘返!

In the National Day holiday, the happiest thing is that my mother took me to the zoo to play.

Zoo animals can be more, there will be sprayed elephants, lively naughty monkeys, there are noble and beautiful giraffe ... ... the most ferocious lions, tigers and big bears are captive in the hills, and my mother is sitting Watching the cable car, sitting in the cable car down to see, I just saw a big yellow lion is hanging that blood pool big mouth roar, the sound is like a thunder, my heart is very nervous, could not help but clenched my mothers hand.

In the bird park, I saw a lot of birds, but most of the I do not know. We watched the bird show, watched the parrot to speak, pigeon literacy and other programs. The most interesting to the number of crow pull the car. A black crow pulled a snowy white pigeon, to the destination, the pigeons did not pay, the crows to the car overturned to the ground, amused the audience laughed.

There are so nice to play more friends, that can not finish, really let people forget!

With the development of technology, today, our life is facilitated with all

kinds information sources. We can read books on the Internet, which is much

convenient than buying the books in the stores. I like to read E-books, because

there are many advantages. First, I can save a lot of money. Downloading the

E-books is for free, I can find all kinds of free sources. It is good for

students because they can save the money. Second, I can save a lot of time. Some

books are not easy to be found in the bookstore, sometimes I need to go to

several shops. But if I search the Internet, then the information is in front of

me. How fast it is.

导语：冬天来了，描写冬天的作文、描写冬天景色的作文、冬天的校园作文是必不可少的。在写景作文中，如何把景物描写详略得当，寓情于景，把文章写的有吸引力，一定的写作技巧是非常必要的。下面和小编一起来看看吧！

一、写景作文的开头方法

1、开门见山。开头直接写某个季节到来时你想写的景物。譬如你想写冬天，你可以这样开头：冬爷爷的脚步越来越近了，我仿佛看到了他带着白色的雪精灵来了。

2、反问句开头。提出问题开头，引发读者兴趣，吸引读者的注意力，这种作文，要体现出与读者对话的色彩。譬如写冬天，你可以这样开头：在一年四季里，你最喜欢哪个季节呢?春的明媚，夏的热情，秋的收获，冬的冰雪，各具特色，精彩纷呈。我最喜欢冬的白雪纷飞，银装素裹。

3、引用法。在描写冬的景色时可以用：忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。等诗句来形容以让自己的文章更加的生动形象。应该注意的是，一是开头不宜过长，老师提倡的是50-80字，也就是说，最好控制你的作文稿纸的三行半，最好别超过5行。一旦超过，就显得“头重”了。二是语言要优美，要搜集些精美的词语，是开头显得文采飞扬。三是适当采用修辞方法，如拟人、比喻、排比等，使语言显得生动活泼，通顺流畅。

二、写景作文的层次和顺序

1、描写的景物固定，时间不固定——以时间来分类。

2、时间固定，描写的景物不固定——冬天的作文就可以写雪后的不同景象所展现出的状态，如落满了雪的地面，屋顶，或是还没落满雪，还能隐约可以看见水的小溪。

3、地点固定，时间也固定——以空间顺序分类。这种方法适用于冬天去游览某一景区，比如去某公园，就可以写先到了哪里看到了什么。

三、写景的几个要素

第一步是观察：观察是写好作文的基础，对于写景作文来说，离开了细致准确的观察，是绝对写不好的。观察必须确立好立足点。立足点可以是固定的 ( 空间方位 ) ，也可以是变换的 ( 移步换景 ) 。但无论怎样必须层次清楚。

第二步是抓住特征：写景物，要善于抓住在不同地区、不同季节、不同时间里的景物颜色、形态、声响、变化等方面的特征，不能生搬硬套，如冬天可以用白雪皑皑，银装素裹，瑞雪纷飞等形容词来形容，这样可以让你的作文更加的生动起来。

第三、要层次分明：层次就是文章的内容顺序，也即表达顺序。先写什么后写什么，心里要有数。比如可以先写近景再写远景，最后可以寓情于景，达到升华主题的目的。

第四、要动静结合：所谓动静结合，就是指描写景色时，不仅要写出景色的静态，而且要写出它的动态，使景色才能活起来，使读者的印象更深刻。例：夜里，下雪了，雪花簌簌的往下落。第二天，我推开门一看，对面的山白了，田野也白了。眼前的院子里也是一片白色，小狗在雪上踩着，踩出了一片小巧的梅花。

第五、要抒发感情，任何景物都是客观存在的，但这种客观存在的景物却能给人不同的感受。我们写景要写自己热爱的景色，表达一定的主题思想，要表达出对自然的热爱，这就是借景抒情。如：在写家乡的冬天时，可以表达我对家乡的喜爱或是思念，而这样的喜爱与思念就融入在我们所描绘的景中。

【范文】

冬季到了，气候慢慢冷了。树上的树叶像被剃头刀剃过的同样，光秃秃的。马路上的人们穿上了厚厚的棉袄，戴上了厚厚的帽子。小朋友的脖子也缩进了厚厚的衣领里。呼呼的冬风刮在脸上像刀子刺的同样。

一天凌晨，我推开门一看，院子里本来光秃的树上溘然“开”满了皎白的“梨花”。抬眼望去，远处更是银装素裹、花团簇拥，真是“忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开”呀!再看看地上，宛若盖上了一层厚厚的棉被。啊，原来昨天夜里下了一场大雪。

我弯下腰，从地上捧起一把雪，细心地看了又看，发现雪花毛茸茸、亮晶晶的，宛若是一件件优美的艺术品。但是还没来得及细细把玩，它便消散得无影无踪。

我轻轻地走在雪地上，听着那“咯吱咯吱”的声响，我的心啊，都快沉醉了!

俗语说：“瑞雪兆丰年”。农人伯伯又要迎来一个充溢期望的春季了。

我爱冬季!

this week i didn’t do many wonderful things.

i went to learn developing film with my classmates on july 1st. it was easy and we all got good marks.

on july 4th,i went to school to learn,because i will be a junior three student soon. we would have to learn some lessons in advance. the weather was very hot. but i didn’t feel that learning lessons was boring. some teachers are new. they are good i think,although they are all looked strict. and the lessons were not too bad.

this week was the beginning of this summer holiday,but it was really typical .

作为考试作文，在形式上追求一点“色彩”是必要的。在形式上讲究一点技巧，会给人的耳目以新鲜感，从而占据一定的优势。在作文复习的最后一个阶段，要在以下几方面下点功夫：①安排一个合理的顺序，使作文思路清晰，层次分明；②精心锤炼开头、结尾，使之成为“凤头”、“豹尾”；③给作文一个亮丽的“包装”，如文前写题记、文中拟小标题、采用书信体、日记体、戏剧体等形式。这些方面的技巧，都要建立在作文材料丰富、写作手法使用得当的基础上，要根据内容，理性思考，做合理选择，不可单纯追求技巧，否则作文会面目可憎，令人生厌，效果适得其反。

Dragon Boat Festival is a Chinese traditional festival. It falls on the

fifth day of May in the lunar calendar. A day before this festival, my mother

and grandmother began to make zongzi. Of course, I would act as assistant. But

it turned out that I was more of a hindrance than a help. When they finished,

they started to cook them. This process needed a long time, because I could have

them in the next day. Zongzi was very delicious. On the day of dragon boat

festival, our family prepared for dinner after having breakfast. Everyone of my

family will come back home for the solid diet. Chicken is indispensable on the

dinner desk in Chinese traditional festival. There were many delicious foods,

which made me watering. I ate lots of them. It is a wonderful festival.

一、审题

我们拿到作文后第一件要做的事就是审题。审题的作用在于使你写作不跑题(如果跑题，条理和语言再好，也得不到及格分，甚至0分。)那末审题要审什麽呢?

1.体裁(议论文，说明文，描述文)

审题就是要审作文的题材和体裁。因为什末样的体裁就会用什末样的题材去写。那末体裁包括那些呢?它包括议论文，说明文和描述文。从近些年看，四级作文不是单一的体裁，而是几种体裁的杂合体。例如： Directions: For this part ,your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topicTrying to Be A Good University Student .You should write at least 100 words and you shouldbase your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below :

1.做合格大学生的必要性

2.做合格大学生的必备条件(可以从德智体方面谈)

3.我计划这样做

很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。这是片面的，因为，第一段要求写"...必要性"，这说明本段体裁是议论文;第二段要求写"

...必备条件"，这说明本段要求写说明文;儿地三段要求写"...这样做"，这说明本段要求写描述文。所以在大多数情形下，四级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。

2.根据不同体裁确定写作方法

我们审题的目的就是根据不同体裁确定不同的写作方法。通过审题，我们可以看出四级作文大都是三段式。如上例第一段为议论体，第二段为说明体，地三段为描述体。而各种文体又不同的写作方式： 议论文;要有论点和论据，而且往往从正反两方面来论述。例如上面第一段的思路是：做合格大学生，会怎末样(这是从正面论述);不能做合格的大学生，会怎末样(从反面论述);所以我们要做合格的大学生(结了论)。

说明文：可以从几方面或几条来说明一个问题，就上作文而言，可以从方面(德智体)来说明合格大学生的必要性。

描述文：一"人"为中心描述一个"做"的过程。与上两段相比，本段的主语多为人称代词，他要与第二段相互应进行描述。 二 确定主题句

通过审题，我们知道该如何确定正确的写作思路。下边我们就谈如何些。第一部就是要写主题句。主题句是确保不跑题的前提，只有不跑题才有可得及格分。写主题句嘴保险的方法就是把中文提纲的各句译成英语。例如上述三段主题句分别为：

1.It is very necessary to be a good university student . (议论体的主题句)

2.There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student .(说明体的主题句)

3.What I will do in the future is the following .(描述体主题句)

如果要求句是英语就可以把它变成主题句，例如这样一篇作文：

Good Health

1.Importance of good health

2.Ways to keep fit

3.My own practice

这样的作文的要求句就可以扩充成主题句。扩充后三段的主题句分别为：

1.It is very important to have good health .(将名词 importance变成形容词important)

2.There are four ways to keep fit for me .(用 there be 句型)

3.My own practices are the following .(采用原词)

二、条理清楚

保证不跑提示写作当中第一任务，第二个重要任务就是要做到条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚，对于说明文来说条理要清楚，对于描述文来说，谁干什么要清楚。就拿上例Good health 来说，第一段保持正反面要清楚救应这样写：正面(With good health ,we can...)，反面(Without good health ,we cando nothing .We cant do...)

为了使文章更具有条理性，我们可以用first(ly) second(ly) third(ly)等副词，他们可以是文章的条例性更加突出。作文是主观题，想得告分就必须引起老师的主意，老师的时间很短(每篇作文只有一两分钟就要阅完)，所以我们在列调试最好不用: To be with,... after that ,...And then, ... The next , ... Thefollowing , ... As last ... 。因为用这样的词语不利于老师看出你作文的条理性。

三、保证作文符合字数要求的十二句作文法

考生一般都希望作文达到字数而又不至于写得太多，因为写得太多一方面暴露自己语言上的弱点，另一方面又会占用过多的时间。写得太多还易跑题，一个有效的方法就是十二句作文法。

我们知道，四级作文都是三段式。我们算一下，如果我们在每一段中写上四句，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全片在十二句左右，每一句十多个词，就又120-150个字。大家可以试图找一些作文题练一练。