安徒生童话的英语读后感(精选20篇)

《洋葱头历险记》是妈妈假期里给我买的一本书，这本书的主人公叫洋葱头，是一位活泼可爱、机智勇敢的男孩子。故事是这样的：他的爸爸老洋葱，一不小心踩到了柠檬王，被柠檬王捉住送进了牢房。小洋葱头去看爸爸，爸爸告诉他，牢里的人都是好人，而坏蛋们却被柠檬王养在宫里，洋葱头听后决定要救出牢里所有的好人！

可是，洋葱头却被柠檬王的属下番茄骑士也捉进了牢房。在黑牢里洋葱头认识了一只田鼠，田鼠给他挖了一条地道，让他和他的朋友们全部逃走了，并且团结起来一起反抗柠檬王、女伯爵的暴力统治，经过千辛万苦地努力，终于取得了胜利，占领了城堡，把城堡改成了少年宫，让穷人的孩子快乐地玩。

这本书告诉我们，要做个像洋葱头一样的孩子，面对困难，克服困难，不能知难而退。

我喜欢这本书，喜欢洋葱头的正义和善良，喜欢小葱大叔的长胡子，喜欢南瓜大嫂圆滚滚的身体，喜欢橘子男爵好笑的样子……不喜欢柠檬王的好坏不分，不喜欢女伯爵的欺人太甚，不喜欢番茄骑士的自以为是。

怎么样，小朋友们，有空也来读读这本书吧！

in order to enrich my summer vacation, which the extracurricular reading, my mother bought me a book titled the little prince is. i was wondering, what is the prince to man? a: i cant wait to get books and read it.

see the introduction section, i just know, this book in the east and west are very famous, adults and children are like books. no wonder the teacher told us to buy the book. this book is about the little one lives in only one room, the planet for his roses watering everyday. later, he left the planet, travel, saw many strange people, in order to develop their horizons, and he came to the desert, he met an airplane pilots of broken. prince offered to help him, and he forged a deep friendship, in the book describes the prince since leaving, he missed his star rose to leave earth, he tried every way, even a little snake bites, and since then pilot never saw his wonderful description, etc.

reading this book, i finally understood the purity of heart. like the prince deeply in love with him, in order not to let the rose flower, he was still please sheep eats sheep pilot drew a mask, for him, as he rose, if not just like all planets are lost. this is how sincere feelings! still say that fox, even little left, it will forever remember him.

this story has many implication, tell us, not deceive, also dont puffed up, also do not have meaning in the waste of time and money, we should maintain the balance of baby mindset to finally, earnestly do every thing. ...

i like the book, read a book, i learned that many human reason, also increased my knowledge, and maybe i know the original adults will have many do wrong. the grown-ups do every thing, all is not correct, and so we see things should go to watch it, just like the teacher to our request, and we hope that the child in the growth process, always keep a pure heart, to treat every thing, to find something we really must find in study, therefore, we should also with the same attitude to study hard, pursuing ideal goal.

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《最后一片树叶》是霍姆斯所著的儿童故事，作者以特有的技巧和揶揄的语言，仅用短短几句就勾画出一个人年轻时的精彩和年老后的无奈。以下是小编带来的最后一片树叶英语读后感，希望对你有帮助。

"Last leaf" This article is my "Childrens Literature" on the see. When I finished reading the article, I who had a deep admiration for the artists talent and the kind of self-sacrificing spirit.

What happened was this: So a good friend of Jones, unfortunately, contracted pneumonia, in their residence out of the window there is a cluster of ivy, through the baptism of wind and rain, and its leaves have disappeared into obscurity. 。 Jones think when the last one leaves off the ivy-ray later, her life, coming to an end. SO this can not be racking their brains to dispel the idea of her, only to the downstairs, Mr. Berman for help. Berman is a painter, he knew that after a wet and windy night, in the ivy leaves off the light, when girls think that their certain death, when the old painter to allow girls to rekindle the fire of hope, he braved the wind and rain to leaves painted on the wall, for which he contracted pneumonia and died.

Read it, tears blurred my eyes, I thought of how great the old painter. Him, an ordinary painter, in order to save itself has to give up on a girl, paid with his life. I seem to see the face of it after he leaves unfinished a brilliant smile. He finally has had his wish. That is, he hopes to complete his Jingshizhizuo during their lifetime. It seems to me that he did. I think if he were alive, he would think so.

From the bottom of my heart I admire Mr. Berman, as well as the psychological Jones previously was sad. When people can not give up hope. Like our class a female classmate, she was very confident of their own. In a jumping goat, her teachers and fellow students rely on the constant encouragement, she finally jumped in the past. So, in our side, also need, as Mr. Berman did for our people to keep lit the fire of hope. In this way, our lives would flourishing.

From each of a small matter, every word from the language, one from each eye, we are little by little to build our self-confidence. Therefore, we must be careful to do things, talk, do not give up someone elses confidence. A people do not have self-confidence, nothing can be done.

When reading this article, I have been wondering: Why, Mr. Berman will be death? Because I did not know he was to die in order to draw a leaf, but did not know what was actually his paintings to their work. Until I saw the words of the last paragraph of the article. This is what the Soviet Union to the friends said, she said: "There are some things I must tell you, white mouse (Jones), Mr. Rae Mann died of pneumonia in the hospital today. He only sick for two days. The first day of the morning, to see found the door in his room very sick. His shoes and clothes were soaked, and cold Speranskia tuberculata did not know he was doing in that wind and rain the night went, only found a lantern, still lit; There is obviously just used a ladder; have a few to throw on one side of the brush; a Nianman yellow, green, two kinds of mixed-color palette, as well as ... ... my dear, you look out the window bar, wall ivy leaf on that last one! you not think Mody? Why wind and rain it does have a motionless? Oh. Dear Mr. Berman Jingshizhizuo this is?? That night, when the last leaf to fall, He took it painted on the wall. "

暑假期间,我读了一本很好的书叫>,书本里有很多有趣的故事,我最喜欢的一个故事叫“丑小鸭”。

在“丑小鸭”的童话故事中，描绘了很美丽的乡间景色，也描绘了一只丑小鸭如何成为白天鹅的故事。丑小鸭一出生就受到鸡鸭的欺侮和嘲笑，他很悲伤和孤独，可是他还是默默地承受着不公平的待遇，勇敢面对生活的各种磨难，并决定离开他们去寻找自己的幸福生活。丑小鸭最后变成了美丽的白天鹅，但他一点也不骄傲。遭打击时能忍让，被赞美时不骄傲，多么难能可贵啊!

我们生活在幸福的社会里，更加要学习丑小鸭的精神，经得起风浪，在逆境中成长，始终有成功的一天。

从前有一个妇人，她很想要一个小巧又可爱的孩子。她便去请教女巫，女巫说非常容易，便给她一粒麦粒，让她种在花盆里。

当这朵花绽开时，拇指姑娘便出生了。

她生活得非常幸福，可是有一天，一只丑陋的癞蛤蟆把她抱走了，让她当小癞蛤蟆的妻子。

水里的鱼儿很同情小小的拇指姑娘，便把荷叶的一根茎咬断。

拇指姑娘顺着荷叶飘到了外国。被金龟子抛弃在了一片森林。

清晨，以露珠为饮料，以花蜜为食物，生活还算过得去。

夏天和秋天过去了，但又寒冷又漫长的冬天来临了，拇指姑娘来到了田鼠家生活。

过了几天，田鼠说：“我们这儿最富有的先生——鼹鼠就要来了，如果你和他结婚，就有享不尽的荣华富贵。

第二天，鼹鼠穿着黑天鹅的绒毛大衣来了，因为他是一个瞎子，看不清拇指姑娘的容貌，田鼠便请拇指姑娘唱了一首歌曲，鼹鼠很快就爱上了她。

不过，鼹鼠并没有表现出来，因为他很谨慎。过了几天，鼹鼠正式提婚了。秋天来到了，鼹鼠让拇指姑娘缝嫁衣。

其实，拇指姑娘并不喜欢鼹鼠，因为他喜欢阳光和鲜花，而且对他们有反感。

拇指姑娘曾经在地道救过一只燕子，现在，燕子要飞去另外一个国家，他便问拇指姑娘：“你愿意和我一起到另外一个国家去吗?” 拇指姑娘爽快地答应了。

燕子背着拇指姑娘飞呀飞呀，飞到了那个国度，把拇指姑娘放到了一朵最美丽的花上，那里有位英俊的王子在等她，他就是所有花朵的王，于是，他们就结婚了，拇指姑娘便成了这儿的公主。

《英语教学方法与策略》读后感

为了提高自身的英语教学质量和效率,我从学校图书馆借来《英语教学方法与策略》一书,利用业余时间认真地进行了研读,获得了不少教益。

这本书由鲁子问和康淑敏两位专家编写,由华东师范大学出版社出版,可以作为英语教学设计方向研究生教材,也可以作为中小学英语教师设计培训教材使用。我认为在英语学科骨干教师研修班接受培训期间读读这样一本书是再合适不过的。这本书介绍了教学方法与教学策略的相同与差异,提出了教学方法与策略的选择与整合的方法,介绍了英语教学方法的实践操作方法,包括情景教学法、交际教学法、任务教学法和自主学习教学,然后分析了英语教学过程的策略及实践操作方法,并从英语知识教学的策略及实践操作方法、英语技能教学的策略及时间操作方法两方面对英语教学方法与策略的行动研究提供了系统的指导。

编者用六章分别讲了教学方法与教学策略、英语教学方法的实践操作、英语教学过程的策略及实践操作、英语知识教学的策略及实践操作、英语技能教学的策略及实践操作和英语教学方法与策略的行动研究。

该书对相关理论进行了系统、简要的讲解,主要的内容是对英语教学实践的指导与分析。每一节都采用“准备-学习-实践”三部式结构,不仅讲解理论,而且注重教学实践。在每一节的理论讲解之后,都设计了“实践分析”专栏,以强化理论与实践的直接联系。在看每一节的时候,我都是跟着该书的编排形式在不断地调整自己的思维。在准备环节,编者会给出一个案例,让读者思考,遇到此类教学问题该如何解决,此时,我的大脑就会回忆我在教学中有没有遇到过,我又是如何解决的,然后思考怎样才能解决得更好;在学习环节,编者给我们提供了最系统的理论知识,此时我就很认真地研读每一条理论,认真理解每一个概念,为今后的教学活动积累必要的理论知识;在实践部分,我仔细地看了每个实践活动,对于一些比较有价值的活动自己在教学中也尝试着使用。

本书的优点是:1)语言浅显易懂。不像平常的教育着作,带着很多专业术语。2)内容很实用。书中不但简要地介绍教育理论,还举出大量的课堂活动例子,很适合各个层次的外语教师参考。3)描述很细致。书中谈到英语教学中很多细节的东西。4)编排符合读者习惯,发人深思。书中每一章节都会在适当的位置上安排一个文本框,给出一些名词解释或让读者讨论或思考一个问题。如:请讨论,您如何看待Practice makes perfect.它与数量原则有什么关系?训练中如何把握训练的量?

这本书让我羞愧于自己在教学理论和策略方面知识的匮乏,更让我明白英语教学的成功应体现在“培养学习者在真实的情景中有效使用英语的能力”我是一个率性而为的人,很多时候只是随心而教学,不会严格遵循某一教学模式。所以一直以来,教学成绩都没有取得重大突破,而我本人也一直为此烦恼,这本书教会我许多有理论支持的教学方法。如:语法翻译法、直接教学法、认知法、自然法、社团教学法、沉默教学法、全身反应法、暗示教学法。从书中我悟到了想成为一名优秀的教师必须充分认识到“教必有法”的原则性和“教务定法”的灵活性特点之间的统一关系。教师不应拘于一法一策,囿于一方一圆,而是要因地制宜,因材施教,将各类方法加以组合和调配,在吸收、借鉴已有教学方法的基础上,创造性地发挥,逐步形成富有教师个人特色的教学风格。在教学实践中,我根据教学环境、教学目标、教学内容、学生的需求和自身的教学风格适丰富了一下教学方法和策略,收到了一定的效果。

我最受启发的是书中的如下观点:呈现学习任务时,应当向学习者描述任务中的问题发生的物理背景、组织和社会文化背景。并且,问题的呈现必然是有趣的或吸引人的,目的是引导学习者的积极参与。让学习者体现到伸手可及的成功;教学活动的设置应考虑学习者的兴趣,需要和情感;老师可以和学习者商量课堂活动的内容并建议学习者把他们感兴趣的学习材料带回班上。让我陷入长久的沉思的是这个观点:“personalities and relationships are important for motivation”即:教师的性格及其与学习者之间的良好关系在调动学习者学习方面很重要。文中提到“即使我们不能完全改变自己去满足不同学习者的需要,但我们可以主动了解学习者感兴趣的话题,如:流行音乐,年轻人喜欢的电影,新车,科技的发展等。看到这里,对于学生为什么没有积极参与我自以为精心准备的课堂活动,我似乎找到了答案:设计活动时,我只是从教材内容和个人兴趣出发。当学生冷淡对待活动时,我只会埋怨大的学习环境不好,埋怨学生不配合,极少去思考是否学生对内容感兴趣,是否活动的难度适合学生,课堂指令是否清晰等因素。文中还指出:即使学生会使用老师准备好的语言结构,也明确活动的目的,但如果他们缺乏信心,也不会积极参与…所以,对学生及时得体的鼓励相当重要,借用李阳老师的话就是鼓励学生 “Enjoy losing face. Enjoy making mistakes ”总之,要踏上英语教学的成功之路,进行方方面面的准备工作是必要的,

对于以后的教学,我将努力改变陈旧的教学理念,尝试新的教学模式,自始至终把学生放在中心位置:把激发学生的学习热情放在首位,发挥交际教学的优势。是时候改变沉闷的课堂气氛,还学生一个愉快的学习环境了!是时候彻底解放学生,还学生一个可以自主学习的空间了!

其实,单纯阅读只是一个浅层理解词句的过程,我们可能在阅读中很感动,很受启发,但是,几个星期或几个月后,可能我们的思维又回复原状;若把我们的所思所想写下来,联系我们的教学或生活实际加以变通,可能会更长久地影响我们;而如果把我们学到的经验及时应用在教学中或生活中,我们的学生或我们自己则会终身受益,这才是阅读的目的。“热爱阅读、高效阅读、创新阅读”让我们互勉!

[英语教学方法与策略的读后感

放暑假了，我在放假期间在家看了一遍《安徒生童话》。这本童话书我看过一些，但这次重新翻看，觉得里面的故事更加精彩了，那些各种各样、曲折动人的故事情节更加深深地打动了我，读到开心时，我会大笑，读到不好的地方我会跟着书中人物一起难过，真是更有一番收获在心头。

给我印象最深的是《丑小鸭》。这个故事主要讲的是：一只小鸭子从出生开始就受尽同伴的欺负，各种小动物的冷眼，但是它通过自己坚持不懈的努力，最终飞上了蓝蓝的天空变成了一只美丽的天鹅。如鸡、狗、猫也随声附和，都鄙视他。它们都根据自己的人生哲学来对他评头论足，它们都认为自己门第高贵，了不起，其实庸俗不堪。相反，“丑小鸭”却是非常谦虚。他觉得“我还是走到广大的世界上去好。”就在“广大的世界”里有天晚上他看见了“一群漂亮的大鸟从灌木林里飞出来……他们飞得很高——那么高，丑小鸭不禁感到说不出的兴奋。”原来“丑小鸭”自己也是一只美丽的天鹅，即使他“生在养鸭场里也没有什么关系。

我的生活学习当中，有很多不足，也常常因自己的不足而遭到如丑小鸭般的嘲笑。然而，是这则童话故事让我懂得了人总是不完美的，但不能因一时的不如意而自暴自弃。而应该学会自信，要有自己的理想，并做到为理想不断的努力。就像歌中吟唱的那样：不经历风雨，怎能见彩虹?

在漫长又愉快的暑假里，让我有了更多的时间看自己喜欢的课外书。我最近看了《小巴掌童话》里的一个故事，叫“爱翻跟头的月亮”。

故事里讲的是一个叫聪聪的小男孩夜里看到了一个调皮的月亮。月亮在空中一会儿翻一个跟头，一会儿又伸出两只手撑在白云上来了个竖蜻蜓，精彩极了。聪聪从来都没有看过这样的月亮，平时人们看到的月亮都是安安静静的。月亮姐姐怕被太阳公公骂，不敢再做表演。但聪聪很喜欢，并和月亮姐姐约好了明天继续来看她表演。不一会儿，聪聪累了就睡着了。在梦中，聪聪又看到了月亮姐姐在翻跟头，竖蜻蜓。

这个故事让我有点羡慕聪聪，因为我也想看到会翻跟头的，会竖蜻蜓的月亮姐姐。后来妈妈告诉我，等我睡着了，就能看到了。我想今晚早点睡，那样就能很快的看到可爱的月亮姐姐了。

Im so happy because Im going to the movies again.My mother asked if I was watching the guinea pig and mulan.I say to use dot sheep sheep, dot sheep sheep, the result of a little sheep sheep is to see "hua mulan".The plot of "mulan" has its ups and downs.First of all, the army was attacked by a gentle army. When the state of wei collected military horses, hua mulan was reluctant to leave his hometown and his father joined the army.Then, in the great war, mulan bravely fought against the enemy.Shoot a target arrow first, shoot the enemy crying father is too wonderful!I see blood boiling, hate not to rush into the screen to kill the enemy.

Mulan didnt like war, but he had to fight.She accidentally became a general.In one war, wentai was injured.Mulan thought that wentai had died and was devastated.It was only when the tiger asked mulan whether you were living for the living or for the dead, mulan had been waking up and training people to work hard and not let more brothers die.She was really touched by her actions to protect her soldiers.

I think the spirit of the father of hua mulan is worthy of our study.We should be like mulan, filial piety parents, from the little bit of little things, let our families become more warm and happy.

She was seduced by a so-called gentleman—Alec, and from then on her life totally changed from this loss of innocence. People looked down on her and respected her no more. Actually she did nothing wrong because before she was seduced she knew nothing of men. She was just a girl when she first met that terrible man.

She was forced by the gossips and the church to blame herself for this accident, so she thought she deserved nothing good. In order to get rid of the past she decided to go to a distant dairy farm but was still saying to herself that she was wrong. Maybe God didn’t aGREe with that, because the Lord gave her someone she loved with her whole heart and life—Angel Chare. Angel popped the question to her but she refused him without saying why. She said she loved him deeply and perhaps no one in the world could love him more than she did but she could not marry him for some unspoken reason. Angel wasn’t satisfied with this vague answer and did his best to win Tess. Somehow she agreed and they soon fixed the wedding day. Soon after their wedding Angel confessed the crime he committed to a woman long time ago and asked for Tess’s forgiveness. Tess was not at all angry and forgave Angel at once; in fact she was rather happy and excited for she also had things to confess.

She sat and told everything to Angel, hoping he would forgive her as he was forgiven but she was wrong. She was not forgiven, not as she thought she was. The woman pays.

Without Angel’s love, nothing meant anything to her. The result wasn’t important now. Tess was arrested for her murder of that so-called gentleman. Why? She still loved Angel and when he finally went back to her and asked for HER forgiveness, after he reGREtted what he had done unfair to Tess, she was desperate. That was too late—Alec had always told Tess that Angel would never come back so he won Tess’s trust. Unluckily Angel did come back and found Tess.! Everything was too late!

Tess was deceived and she lost Angel for the second time! The strengh of her love was so strong that she had forgotten the difference between right and wrong. Before that she had done nothing wrong but when she killed Alec, everything really changed! She became a criminal! How could it be? She was as pure and innocent as the good wife in the Bible. Her whole character was honest and faithful. Angel figured out at last that a person should be judged not only on what he has done but also on what he wanted to do!

Tess didn’t want to be seduced by man and she had no power to defend herself so she lost her innocence and that’s all! Angel also did the wrong thing and it was even more serious than Tess’s crime but HE was not blamed for it. Why it is always the woman who pays? Why they are always hurt? Why was Tess’s girlish purity lost? Why does the wrong man take the wrong woman? Why do the bad often ruin the good? Why is beauty damaged by ugliness? Women are too weak! Thousands of years of history have shown us that women have always been treated unfairly!

In old China there was a culture, which didn’t think of women as human beings. If you asked one if he was the oldest in his family, he would probably answer “the oldest one” even if he had some elder sisters. If you asked why then he would say, “Ha, they are not included!”

People gave birth to many girls in order to have only one boy to keep the family name going. They thought girls had no use for the family. They would be married and go to live with their husbands’ home and be their wives some day sooner or later. So they were extremely hard on girls.

Girls should be hard working, faithful, loyal, intelligent, and virtuous and the most important thing was she must be a maiden! If her husband was the first man who touched her then she was a good girl, a good wife no matter how she thought. If she wasn’t, then she would gain a very bad reputation and nobody would dare to go near her. What about men? People did not care whether he was an experienced man or not, nor did they care about his character. They thought man equals power and power equals rights…

Now let’s not be so bitter. Nowadays women’s situations have become much better. Some are because of the change of society and some are because of civilization. Just let those poor painful women like TESS be just a memory.

The writer writing unfolds， first is entire French societys one typical window——small city Varriales political pattern. The aristocrat is born German Switzerland that mayor is restores the dynasty in here highest representative， the maintenance restoration political power， prevents the bourgeoisie free party member is in power in politics regards as the inherent responsibilities. Poor collection post manager Valno the promise originally is the petty bourgeois， as a result of hires oneself the church secret organization saint can obtain the now the fat difference， thus oneself with restoration political power hitch in same place. Transcription hall Father Maslon is the spy which the church sends， all peoples words and deeds all under his surveillance， the time which mutually supports in this king place and the sacrificial altar， is person which wields great power with great arrogance.

These three people constitute " Three heads Politic "， reflected the restoration influence the aspect which you the city arrogated all powers to oneself in Varriale.But their opposite， is a large number， has the huge economic potentiality aggressive bourgeoisie free party member. Stendhal describes to the people guarantees king party members be domineering and tyrannical， on the one hand again let the people draw such conclusion： Grasps has the economic potentiality the bourgeoisie， also will decide in politics is the final victor.

《The Red and the Black 》 the book in circulation revolutionized in July， 1830 before， takes charge of soup reaches unexpectedly picture is understands clearly historical movement this one inevitably tends to.

The novel tells us that the best people to increase the dignity of life is love. Novels by the end of the row that this is such a life. Although I think this kind of outcome is too perfect, so perfect a little superficial, but I still respect this author The ideal of a better kind of life. Is to increase the dignity of love. In modern society, few people will like Jane Eyre, for the love for the character and abandon all, and without looking back.s Whole-hearted pursuit of pay, and pure like a glaof ice water ……

Let me tell what I feel after reading the great work Jane Erye.I was really move by Jane Erye after closing the book.What a kind and good woman!Mrs Eyre had a heart of gold.She really loved everyone around her,and gave others help sincerely（真诚地）。She respected herself and did her best to do everything.I really love her.She are both a great teacher and a good friend of mine.Sometimes when I am confuse，I will think of her.I will imagine what will she do if she is I.Why not read Jane Erye my friends!

The ugly duckling is my very like a fairy tale, it is a hit all the crowd out, laughed at, the image of the ugly duckling. But it always have a dream in the heart, because the dream, it in front of the difficulty not despair, there is no destruction, but always unyielding struggle, finally turned into a beautiful noble swan, it feel happy, feel warm.

The beauty of love, there is. In the world who doesnt like beauty? But the beauty are important, but the beauty of mind is more important. If the heart beauty, character beauty, wisdom, beauty, language beauty, beauty action, this is the most beautiful thing in the world. Although the physical beauty, but in the mind is not beautiful, it is very ugly. Some people, for the sake of beauty, do not hesitate to sacrifice everything, that is beautiful? Some people, although ugly, but work hard, industrious, good, this is not to mind ugly, but just the opposite.

After reading the text, cause me to understand that appearance is not important, the most important is whether the inner beauty, is pure. The ugly duckling into a swan, all this comes from it in mind that a dream of the eternal. Everyone can be as long as you firm faith, stick to their beautiful dreams, and diligently to struggle, you will be successful, you will become a beautiful swan, spread your wings and fly.

From the ugly duckling in this text I experience the true meaning of beauty, understand the connotation of the beauty, inner beauty, let us become a swan, in a free flying high in the sky.

《丑小鸭》是我非常喜欢的一篇童话，它讲的是一只处处受排挤、受嘲笑、受打击的丑小鸭的形象。但是它的心中一直怀有一份梦想，因为这份梦想，它在困难前没有绝望，也没有沉沦，而是始终不屈地奋斗，终于变成了一只漂亮高贵的天鹅，它感到幸福，感到温暖。

爱心之美，人之皆有。世间有谁不爱美?可是外表美虽然重要，但心灵美更加重要。要是心灵美、品德美、智慧美、语言美、行动美，这是世上最美的人。虽然外表美，但心里不美，那也是很丑的。有些人，为了外表美，不惜牺牲一切，那是美吗?有些人，虽然长得丑，但肯努力、勤奋、善良，这并不是心灵丑，而正好相反。

读完这篇课文，使我明白到：外貌并不重要，最重要的是内心是否美，是否纯洁。丑小鸭变成天鹅，这一切都源于它心中那一份永恒的梦想。大家都能成为只要你坚定信念，坚持自己美丽的梦想，并坚持不懈地去奋斗，你会成功的，你会变成一只美丽的、展翅飞翔的天鹅。

我从《丑小鸭》这篇课文中体验到美的真谛，明白美的内涵——内心美，让我们变成天鹅，在自由的天空中展翅高飞。

After reading this book I was shocked and moved by the little boy in the story. The writer let me feel the braveness and kindness in the book.

First, I want to introduce the writer to you. The writer is Maksim Gorky (18681936) He is the former Soviet Union proletarian writer, the founder of socialist realism literature. He was poor, his father died when he was 11-year-old .He and working people shared their fate, and personal experience of capitalist. Gorky is not only a great writer, but also an outstanding community activist. He had set up the Soviet Writers Association, and presided over a congress of the Soviet Union .Gorkys works began to be introduced to China since 1907. His outstanding literary works and books bands in the world-off Class common wealth.

There are four main characters in the story. They are Alexis, his mother Varia, his grandfather and his grandmother. They are totally different.

His mother is a poor but kind woman. Her little son died when he was born. Her husband was died too. Then she married with another man ,but the man always maltreats her.

His grandmother was also a kind woman. She brought up Alexis and gave courage and kindness to Alexis. But unfortunately, his husband always hit her and she died because of illness at last.

His grandfather was a stingy and fierce man. He always maltreats his wife and Alexis. He just loved his money.

The protagonist of this novel was a boy named Alexis. His father died when he was only 3 years old. He followed his mother and came to her motherhome. His grandfather is a violent man. His two uncles are also selfish. His grandfather often hit his wife and his grandson. Little Alexis was maltreated in the family and grew up gradually. However, his grandmother is a kind woman. She is the warm sun of Alexis, she tried her best to protect Alexis. His two uncles wants to get his fathermoney and always fight with their father. The old couple were very disappointed with their son. Finally, the old man decided to separate with them. He sold the old house and bought another home in the city. At that time , his mother came home and married with another man and had a little boy. His stepfather often maltreats his wife and disappeared some days later. He grandfather wanted to earn more money and sold the house. He lent the money to others in order to get more interest and rented a small room to live. He got more and more stingy and did not give any money to his wife. Alexis and his grandmother have to make money by themselves. After some days, his mother got ill and his grandmother was also unhealthy. Unfortunately, his mother died at last. He lost his dear mother. His grandfather did not want to bring him up and let him get out of the home to live in the society by himself. Then he left the home, it also means that his childhood was over.

Personal understanding:

After reading this novel, I can not calm down for a long time. He was so young and lives in such a cold family. He almost never gets the love form his parents. In fact ,the writer wanted to express himself through Alexis. Alexis was like himself. Gorky expressed his childhood through Alexis. This book makes me realize these ugly people at that time. If we with compare our childhood with Gorkys, we would think his childhood is too pathetic.

I want to express my feeling to Alexis. He was young and he did not receive good education. He lived with the fights and quarrels of his families. He was unlucky but he still knew how to be a good person. We are so lucky to live in a warm family. But most of us are not satisfied with it and we want more. We do not know how to cherish the things we have. We often ask for everything from our parents and depend them too much. If someone bully us outside, our parents will encourage us, but for Alexis, nobody will help him and his grandfather even maltreats him. What a poor boy he is. Now, we should realize that we should depend on ourselves and cherish our families. Facing the difficulties by ourselves and try to be confident to life. There must be something that make us despairing, however we should learn form the author and look for the happiness from the pain and look for the hope from the despair. Try to be a kind and optimistic person, never lose confidence. Our future will be bright.

The next aspect in the novel is the old man, the grandfather of Alexis. What a selfish man he is. Alexis was his grandson, he did not care about him but maltreat him. His wife born three children for him but he did not love her at all. He just love his money. His character represented many people at that time. And the author wanted to satirize these people by this character. He was an important character in this novel and an important person for Alexis. But he did not be responsible for Alexis. Alexis was so unlucky to have such a bad grandfather. And his grandmother was so unlucky to have such a violent husband.

The most kind and pitiful person was Alexisgrandmother. She was the most attractive woman in the literal history of Russia. She did not live a happy day in her whole life. She was so industrious and simple, maybe she just want a simple life. She just want her children could be happy and her husband could love her even did not maltreat her. But her simple dream did not come true. It was unfair for such a kind woman. She lived an unhappy life everyday, but she still love her grandson. She represented these industrious woman at that time. She gave her love to Alexis and hold the broken family. She was so tried everyday with the housework and the maltreatment. I sympathize her very much. She was moved by those money earned by Alexis and Alexis was the hope to her. They encouraged each other to live a bright life.

After reading this book, I think the most important thing is to be strong. Gorky was strong enough to grow up in such a bad environment and became an excellent writer. The society is developing fast but the people are becoming fragile. We must experience some difficulties in our life. After reading the last page , Alexiss childhood was over , there is a different life waiting for him.

Good luck to him. Good luck to everyone.

过新年那天妈妈送了我一本安徒生童话，我非常喜欢。这个伟大的故事家安徒生编了一个家喻户晓的童话故事——《丑小鸭》。故事中的主角丑小鸭出生在一个鸭子的家庭，兄弟姐妹都长者一身金灿灿的羽毛，而它却与众不同，长者一身黑黝黝的羽毛，因此不受大家的欢迎，十分自卑。后来，它长成了一只美丽的白天鹅。这个故事如果不仔细的阅读，只会觉得它是一个普通的童话故事，要是好好的去体会它的意境，你就会认为里面蕴藏着一个道理。童话中的丑小鸭因自己的外表丑陋，遭到了周期所有人对它的鄙视。可它并没有在意，只管自己努力做事。慢慢地它长大了，凭着自己的才能，变成了一只漂亮的白天鹅。

这个故事告诉了我们一个道理，一个人身处逆境时，不能消沉，不能自卑，要勇于奋斗，才有可能改变自己的处境。我们的身边也不乏有这样的例子。我们班的同学小学一年级时，成绩不是很好，相貌也不突出，平时不大爱说话，沉默寡言，是一个平平常常的同学。但他从没放弃对自己的要求，努力学习，不耻下问，到了二年级时，他就象变了个人似的，一下子成了同学们中的佼佼者，成绩名列前茅，受到了所有老师的称赞。其实，丑小鸭似的孩子是很多的，只要大家敢于磨练自己，勤奋学习，长大以后一定都会成为一只只美丽的白天鹅。

The Little Prince is a book which the author write for his friend Leon Werth.So at the beginning the author said,to Leon Werth when he was a little boy,I will dedicate the book to a child from whom this grown-up grew.All grown-ups were once children.This narrates is lonely ,sad child’s story.The story of the little prince of life with a serious attitude,he diligentiy to clear the crater,pulling the monkey bread tree seedlings.

He lives on a young star.One day he left the star which he lives,starts to travel.He passed though various stars,afterward,he arrived the Earth.And finally returned to his star.In the traveling,the little prince saw the of all forms person in the society confused:king,which loves the vanity person.The drunkard,for put behind ashamed drinks.The industrialist who only likes calculating the astronomy number typemoney.T

hier only common ground in the heart fills the vanity.In the travel,the little prince discovered that,the people are the places which always does not will satisfy oneself lives,they are pursuing happiness with hardship,but actually frequently crudely happily expels from the side.He and the author met each other the desert,they gradually have becoming the best friend.They seek native and move together which we had already lose .

Here I am sitting on a couch alone thinking about what I have just finished reading with tears of sadness filling my eyes and fire of indignation filling my heart which revived my exhausted soul that has already been covered by the cruelty and the selfishness of the secular world for a long time. It is truly what I felt after reading Oliver Twist written by the prominent British author Charles Dickens.

The resonance between me and the book makes me feel not only the kindness and the wickedness of all the characters in the novel but what this aloof society lacks and what I lack deep inside. These supreme resources I’m talking about right now are somewhat different from minerals oil that we usually mention. They’re abstract like feelings and some kinds of spiritual stimulation that all of us desire anxiously from one another —— love and care.

Those charitable figures whom Dickens created in the novel are really what we need in life. They showed love and care to others just as the gentle rain from the sky fell upon the earth which was carved into my heart deeply.

Mr. Brownlow is one such person.

The other day he had one of his elaborate watches stolen by two skilled teenage thieves Artful Dodger and Charley Bates and thought naturally it was Oliver who was an orphan and forced to live with a gang of thieves that had done it because he was the only one near by after the theft had taken place. Being wrathful he caught Oliver and sent him to the police station where the ill-tempered unfair magistrates worked. Fortunately for him Oliver was proved innocent by one onlooker afterwards. With sympathy Mr. Brownlow took the injured poor Oliver to his own home. There Oliver lived freely and gleefully for some months as if he were Mr. Brownlow’s own son. One day however Mr. Brownlow asked Oliver to return some books to the bookseller and to send some money for the new books that he had already collected. The thief Oliver once stayed with kidnapped him. After that he disappeared in Mr. Brownlow’s life. Searching for a while Mr. Brownlow had to believe the fact that he had run away with his money. But dramatically they came across each other again a few years later. Without hesitation Mr. Brownlow took Oliver home for the second time not caring if he had done something evil.

Perhaps most of us would feel confused about Mr. Brownlow’s reaction. But as a matter of fact this is just the lesson we should learn from him. Jesus said in the Bible. “Forgive not seven times but seventy-times seven.” Why is that? Because forgiveness is our ability to remove negative thoughts and neutralize them so our energy may be spent on doing what we came here for. We cannot move forward in our future if past issues cloud our thinking. Stop put Mr. Brownlow into the list of your models. Always give people a second chance no matter what they might have done. That’s also a substantial part of loving and caring others.

Then there are Mrs. Maylie and Rose Oliver’s other benefactors. Maybe the reason they loved and cared Oliver was not because of forgiveness. In my point of view it was trust. They had faith in Oliver when he was considered to be a filthy burglar who tried to break the front door of Maylie’s at midnight. But this wasn’t how these two ladies saw the whole thing. They denied Oliver’s crime immediately and listened attentively to Oliver’s own description of his miserable life. They were deeply touched by Oliver’s strong perseverance and astonishing vitality. Accordingly they remedied Oliver’s body and heart and turned him into a different boy. He began to wear appropriate and clean suits which were tailor-made for him and receive education.

As far as we can see it is trust that helps us all live together without precaution. Sometimes trust can even lead us to miracles which we often expect to come about so why not trust? Trust yourself trust others and you’ll salute miracles every single day.

In the novel though the young Oliver again and again fell for conspiracies of those hideous thieves who tried to torture Oliver’s body and poisoned Oliver’s heart intensely he always lived on and tried hard to seek for his own life. Then I realized what supported him all through were actually beliefs. In most cases what you believe is what you’ll become. Believe that you are unlimited that you can do anything you commit to doing and when you do your accomplishments will know no bounds. You control your beliefs and that is how you ultimately control your life. It’s all dictated by your attitude.

In the final analysis love and care contain numerous forms there are love of forgiveness love of trust etc. but they all come from your beliefs in life. When someone tells you he’s deceived you forgive him anyway when someone tells you what he’s done trust him anyway and when you face adversities while chasing your dreams think about your beliefs then what hinders you will become a piece of cake in no time.

So find out “Olivers” in your life and do as Mr. Brownlow and Mrs. Maylie do: love them and care them which cost nothing but save much. They enrich those who receive without impoverishing those who give. They can be certain smallest words or actions but the memory of them sometimes last forever.

Charles Dickens said:“Love makes the world go around.” These immortal words have inspired and will keep on inspiring us to chant the melody of love and to say the prayer of care forevermore. Let us therefore enjoy life and treat other people lovingly. These principles are the roots and foundations of beliefs supporting this article and our mission together.

童话就像一座幻想城堡，茫茫大海中的一盏灯塔。读了《安徒生童话》，风格朴素清新、语言生动优美，充满着乡土气息。安徒生用童话表达了他人对间的爱。

一个个绚丽多彩的童话故事充满了无穷的神力，能把我们的眼睛拉过去，看完了还想再看一遍，拿起了就舍不得放下。它在我们的心中播下了种子，生根、发芽、开出了美丽的花儿，结出了果子。

童话是回味无穷的，在《安徒生童话》里，我最喜欢《沼泽王的女儿》。故事的内容是：在一个沼泽地附近，住着一群鹳鸟。一天，鸟妈妈出来找吃的，看见三只带着王冠的天鹅飞向了沼泽地，这三只天鹅原来是埃及国王的三个女儿装扮的。国王得了重病，小女儿做了一个梦，一位仙女对她说“只有到丹麦沼泽地去采一种莲花，并把它放在国王的胸前，才能治好国王的病。”于是小女儿和姐姐穿上天鹅羽衣去了沼泽地，两个姐姐害怕掉到里面再也出不来，就返回了埃及。只有小公主不顾生命安危留了下来，掉进沼泽里以后，见到了沼泽王。沼泽王既感动又同情，愿意帮助她，送给她一朵莲花，原来那朵神奇的莲花就是沼泽王的女儿。小公主和沼泽王的女儿在鹳鸟夫妇的帮助下，安全到达埃及王宫，终于治好了国王的病。

我们也要像小公主和沼泽王的女儿一样，做一个勇敢、善良、热心帮助别人的人。

Santiago, an old man about sixty years old, fished alone with nothing caught in eighty four days. No one would like to talk to him for his extremely bad luck except a boy who always came to help after the day and finally left to another boat under the pressure of his parents. Ignoring the contempt from the younger fishermen and sympathy from the older, on the morning of the 85th day, the old man started his fishing with determination and rowed his old boat very far in the sea where he believed there would be big fish. Fortunately the old man met with a big fish as he had wished and finally defeated the big Marlin with two days and nights struggle after overcoming great difficulties. But more unfortunately there were many sharks coming after his boat attracted by the smell of the blood of the big Marlin. After death-and-life struggle, when he finally got rid of the sharks coming after the boat, the big Marlin was bare skeleton.

The Old Man and the Sea tells a frustrated experience of the old man who fishes alone in the sea in plain languages. Through the simple lines, a “tough guy” image is shaped and heroism is praised. The whole story starts with a peaceful beginning which is some trivial of life and talking with the boy, and suddenly turns to its climax which is the dangerous fighting with the big fish and sharks alone in the sea, and ends with the old man’s return with the bare skeleton of the big Marlin. Though the boy only appears at the beginning and the ending in the novel, he plays an indispensible role, it is his inspiring and supporting that helps the old man to be “graceful under heavy pressure”.

In the book, the old man prepared his fishing properly and preciously than any other fishermen so that “Then when luck comes you are ready” as the old man thought to himself. In reality, some of us keep complaining that they are born in wrong time or good luck never knocks their doors. In fact, good luck sometimes just comes when they are not ready. Taking Newton for example, if he had not acquired a lot, millions of apples could never make him discovery the gravity. So if we just keep studying as much as we can, good luck will finally find us and a bright future is ahead of us. The old man never gives up hope. When all of people think he is doomed, he still strongly believes that he will get a big fish. And he does. So never giving up hope is very important to us. This reminded me of the sentence in Churchill’s speech “Never give up, never, never, never…”. “But man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated” has always been inspiring me when I counter with some setbacks in my life. Setbacks are inevitable in pursuit of our goals, but we should never be frustrated and should be “graceful under heavy pressure” like the old man. It is his relentless pursuit that contributes to the victory.

从前有一个女人，她非常希望有一个丁点儿小的孩子。但是她不知道从什么地方可以得到。因此她就去请教一位巫婆。她对巫婆说：

“我非常想要有一个小小的孩子!你能告诉我什么地方可以得到一个吗?”

“嗨!这容易得很!”巫婆说。“你把这颗大麦粒拿去吧。它可不是乡下人的田里长的那种大麦粒，也不是鸡吃的那种大麦粒啦。你把它埋在一个花盆里。不久你就可以看到你所要看的东西了。”

“谢谢您，”女人说。她给了巫婆三个银币。于是她就回到家来，种下那颗大麦粒。不久以后，一朵美丽的大红花就长出来了。它看起来很像一朵郁金香，不过它的叶子紧紧地包在一起，好像仍旧是一个花苞似的。

“这是一朵很美的花，”女人说，同时在那美丽的、黄而带红的花瓣上吻了一下。不过，当她正在吻的时候，花儿忽然劈啪一声，开放了。人们现在可以看出，这是一朵真正的郁金香。但是在这朵花的正中央，在那根绿色的雌蕊上面，坐着一位娇小的姑娘，她看起来又白嫩，又可爱。她还没有大拇指的一半长，因此人们就将她叫做拇指姑娘。

拇指姑娘的摇篮是一个光得发亮的漂亮胡桃壳，她的垫子是蓝色紫罗兰的花瓣，她的被子是玫瑰的花瓣。这就是她晚上睡觉的地方。但是白天她在桌子上玩耍——在这桌子上，那个女人放了一个盘子，上面又放了一圈花儿，花的枝干浸在水里。水上浮着一起很大的郁金香花瓣。拇指姑娘可以坐在这花瓣上，用两根白马尾作桨，从盘子这一边划到那一边。这样儿真是美丽啦!她还能唱歌，而且唱得那么温柔和甜蜜，从前没有任何人听到过。

一天晚上，当她正在她漂亮的床上睡觉的时候，一个难看的癞蛤蟆从窗子外面跳进来了，因为窗子上有一块玻璃已经破了。这癞蛤蟆又丑又大，而且是粘糊糊的。她一直跳到桌子上。拇指姑娘正睡在桌子上鲜红的玫瑰花瓣下面。

“这姑娘倒可以做我儿子的漂亮妻子哩，”癞蛤蟆说。于是她一把抓住拇指姑娘正睡着的那个胡桃壳，背着它跳出了窗子，一直跳到花园里去。

花园里有一条很宽的小溪在流着。但是它的两岸又低又潮湿。癞蛤蟆和她的儿子就住在这儿。哎呀!他跟他的妈妈简直是一个模子铸出来的，也长得奇丑不堪。“阁阁!阁阁!呱!呱!呱!”当他看到胡桃壳里的这位美丽小姑娘时，他只能讲出这样的话来。

“讲话不要那么大声啦，要不你就把她吵醒了，”老癞蛤蟆说。“她还可以从我们这儿逃走，因为她轻得像一起天鹅的羽毛!我们得把她放在溪水里睡莲的一起宽叶子上面。她既然是这么娇小和轻巧，那片叶子对她说来可以算做是一个岛了。她在那上面是没有办法逃走的。在这期间我们就可以把泥巴底下的那间好房子修理好——你们俩以后就可以在那儿住下来过日子。”

小溪里长着许多叶子宽大的绿色睡莲。它们好像是浮在水面上似的。浮在最远的那片叶子也就是最大的一起叶子。老癞蛤蟆向它游过去，把胡桃壳和睡在里面的拇指姑娘放在它上面。

这个可怜的、丁点小的姑娘大清早就醒来了。当她看见自己现在在什么地方的时候，就不禁伤心地哭起来，因为这片宽大的绿叶子的周围全都是水，她一点也没有办法回到陆地上去。

老癞蛤蟆坐在泥里，用灯芯草和黄睡莲把房间装饰了一番——有新媳妇住在里面，当然应该收拾得漂亮一点才对。随后她就和她的丑儿子向那片托着拇指姑娘的叶子游去。他们要在她没有来以前，先把她的那张美丽的床搬走，安放在洞房里面。这个老癞蛤蟆在水里向她深深地鞠了一躬，同时说：“这是我的儿子;他就是你未来的丈夫。你们俩在泥巴里将会生活得很幸福的。”

“阁!阁!呱!呱!呱!”这位少爷所能讲出的话，就只有这一点。他们搬着这张漂亮的小床，在水里游走了。拇指姑娘独自坐在绿叶上，不禁大哭起来，因为她不喜欢跟一个讨厌的癞蛤蟆住在一起，也不喜欢有那一个丑少爷做自己的丈夫。在水里游着的一些小鱼曾经看到过癞蛤蟆，同时也听到过她所说的话。因此它们都伸出头来，想瞧瞧这个小小的姑娘。它们一眼看到她，就觉得她非常美丽，因而它们非常不满意，觉得这样一个人儿却要下嫁给一个丑癞蛤蟆，那可不成!这样的事情决不能让它发生!它们在水里一起集合到托着那片绿叶的梗子的周围——小姑娘就住在那上面。它们用牙齿把叶梗子咬断了，使得这片叶子顺着水流走了，带着拇指姑娘流走了，流得非常远，流到癞蛤蟆完全没有办法达到的地方去。

拇指姑娘流过了许许多多的地方。住在一些灌木林里的小鸟儿看到她，都唱道：“多么美丽的一位小姑娘啊!”

叶子托着她漂流，越流越远;最后拇指姑娘就漂流到外国去了。

一只很可爱的白蝴蝶不停地环绕着她飞，最后就落到叶子上来，因为它是那么喜欢拇指姑娘;而她呢，她也非常高兴，因为癞蛤蟆现在再也找不着她了。同时她现在所流过的这个地带是那么美丽——太阳照在水上，正像最亮的金子。她解下腰带，把一端系在蝴蝶身上，把另一端紧紧地系在叶子上。叶子带着拇指姑娘一起很快地在水上流走了，因为她就站在叶子的上面。

这时有一只很大的金龟子飞来了。他看到了她。他立刻用他的爪子抓住她纤细的腰，带着她一起飞到树上去了。但是那片绿叶继续顺着溪流游去，那只蝴蝶也跟着在一起游，因为他是系在叶子上的，没有办法飞开。

天啦!当金龟子带着她飞进树林里去的时候，可怜的拇指姑娘该是多么害怕啊!不过她更为那只美丽的白蝴蝶难过。她已经把他紧紧地系在那*?叶子上，如果他没有办法摆脱的话，就一定会饿死的。但是金龟子一点也不理会这情况，他和她一块儿坐在树上最大的一张绿叶子上，把花里的蜜糖拿出来给她吃，同时说她是多么漂亮，虽然她一点也不像金龟子。不多久，住在树林里的那些金龟子全都来拜访了。他们打量着拇指姑娘。金龟子小姐们耸了耸触须，说：

“嗨，她不过只有两条腿罢了!这是怪难看的。”

“她连触须都没有!”她们说。

“她的腰太细了——呸!她完全像一个人——她是多么丑啊!”所有的女金龟子们齐声说。

然而拇指姑娘确是非常美丽的。甚至劫持她的那只金龟子也不免要这样想。不过当大家都说她是很难看的时候，他最后也只好相信这话了，他也不愿意要她了!她现在可以随便到什么地方去。他们带着她从树上一起飞下来，把她放在一朵雏菊上面。她在那上面哭得怪伤心的，因为她长得那么丑，连金龟子也不要她了。可是她仍然是人们所想象不到的一个最美丽的人儿，那么娇嫩，那么明朗，像一起最纯洁的玫瑰花瓣。

整个夏天，可怜的拇指姑娘单独住在这个巨大的树林里。她用草叶为自己编了一张小床，把它挂在一起大牛蒡叶底下，她使得雨不致淋到她身上。她从花里取出蜜来作为食物，她的饮料是每天早晨凝结在叶子上的露珠。夏天和秋天就这么过去了。现在，冬天——那又冷又长的冬天——来了。那些为她唱着甜蜜的歌的鸟儿现在都飞走了。树和花凋零了。那片大的牛蒡叶——她一直是在它下面住着的——也卷起来了，只剩下一根枯黄的梗子。她感到十分寒冷。因为她的衣服都破了，而她的身体又是那么瘦削和纤细——可怜的拇指姑娘啊!她一定会冻死的。雪也开始下降，每朵雪花落到她身上，就好像一个人把满铲子的雪块打到我们身上一样，因为我们高大，而她不过只有一寸来长。她只好把自己裹在一片干枯的叶子里，可是这并不温暖——她冻得发抖。

在她现在来到的这个树林的附近，有一块很大的麦田;不过田里的麦子早已经收割了。冻结的地上只留下一些光赤的麦茬儿。对她说来，在它们中间走过去，简直等于穿过一起广大的森林。啊!她冻得发抖，抖得多厉害啊!最后她来到了一只田鼠的门口。这就是一棵麦茬下面的一个小洞。田鼠住在那里面，又温暖，又舒服。她藏有整整一房间的麦子，她还有一间漂亮的厨房和一个饭厅。可怜的拇指姑娘站在门里，像一个讨饭的穷苦女孩子。她请求施舍一颗大麦粒给她，因为她已经两天没有吃过一丁点儿东西。

“你这个可怜的小人儿，”田鼠说——因为她本来是一个好心肠的老田鼠——“到我温暖的房子里来，和我一起吃点东西吧。”

因为她现在很喜欢拇指姑娘，所以她说：“你可以跟我住在一块，度过这个冬天，不过你得把我的房间弄得干净整齐，同时讲些故事给我听，因为我就是喜欢听故事。”

这个和善的老田鼠所要求的事情，拇指姑娘都一一答应了。她在那儿住得非常快乐。

“不久我们就要有一个客人来，”田鼠说。“我的这位邻居经常每个星起来看我一次，他住的比我舒服得多，他有宽大的房间，他穿着非常美丽的黑天鹅绒袍子。只要你能够得到他做你的丈夫，那么你一辈子可就享用不尽了。不过他的眼睛看不见东西。你得讲一些你所知道的、最美的故事给他听。”

拇指姑娘对于这事没有什么兴趣。她不愿意跟这位邻居结婚，因为他是一只鼹鼠。他穿着黑天鹅绒袍子来拜访了。田鼠说，他是怎样有钱和有学问，他的家也要比田鼠的大20倍;他有很高深的知识，不过他不喜欢太阳和美丽的花儿;而且他还喜欢说这些东西的坏话，因为他自己从来没有看见过它们。

拇指姑娘得为他唱一曲歌儿。她唱了《金龟子呀，飞走吧!》，又唱了《牧师走上草原》。因为她的声音是那么美丽，鼹鼠就不禁爱上她了。不过他没有表示出来，因为他是一个很谨慎的人。

最近他从自己房子里挖了一条长长的地道，通到她们的这座房子里来。他请田鼠和拇指姑娘到这条地道里来散步，而且只要她们愿意，随时都可以来。不过他忠告她们不要害怕一只躺在地道里的死鸟。他是一只完整的鸟儿，有翅膀，也有嘴。没有疑问，他是不久以前、在冬天开始的时候死去的。他现在被埋葬的这块地方，恰恰被鼹鼠打穿了成为地道。鼹鼠嘴里衔着一根引火柴——它在黑暗中可以发出闪光。他走在前面，为她们把这条又长又黑的地道照明。当她们来到那只死鸟躺着的地方时，鼹鼠就用他的大鼻子顶着天花板，朝上面拱着土，拱出一个大洞来。阳光就通过这洞口射进来。在地上的正中央躺着一只死了的燕子，他的美丽的翅膀紧紧地贴着身体，小腿和头缩到羽毛里面：这只可怜的鸟儿无疑地是冻死了。这使得拇指姑娘感到非常难过，因为她非常喜爱一切鸟儿。的确，他们整个夏天对她唱着美妙的歌，对她喃喃地讲着话。不过鼹鼠用他的短腿子一推，说：“他现在再也不能唱什么了!生来就是一只小鸟——这该是一件多么可怜的事儿!谢天谢地，我的孩子们将不会是这样。像这样的一只鸟儿，什么事也不能做，只会唧唧喳喳地叫，到了冬天就不得不饿死了!”

“是的，你是一个聪明人，说得有道理，”田鼠说。“冬天一到，这些‘唧唧喳喳’的歌声对于一只雀子有什么用呢?他只有挨饿和受冻的一条路。不过我想这就是大家所谓的了不起的事情吧!”

拇指姑娘一句话也不说。不过当他们两个人把背掉向这燕子的时候，她就弯下腰来，把盖在他头上的那一簇羽毛温柔地向旁边拂了几下，同时在他闭着的双眼上轻轻地接了一个吻。

“在夏天对我唱出那么美丽的歌的人也许就是他了，”她想。“他不知给了我多少快乐——他，这只亲爱的、美丽的鸟儿!”

鼹鼠现在把那个透进阳光的洞口又封闭住了;然后他就陪着这两位小姐回家。但是这天晚上拇指姑娘一忽儿也睡不着。她爬起床来，用草编成了一张宽大的、美丽的毯子。她拿着它到那只死了的燕子的身边去，把他的全身盖好。她同时还把她在田鼠的房间里所寻到的一些软棉花裹在燕子的身上，好使他在这寒冷的地上能够睡得温暖。

“再会吧，你这美丽的小鸟儿!”她说。“再会吧!在夏天，当所有的树儿都变绿了的时候，当太阳光温暖地照着我们的时候，你唱出美丽的歌声——我要为这感谢你!”于是她把头贴在这鸟儿的胸膛上。她马上惊恐起来，因为他身体里面好像有件什么东西在跳动，这就是鸟儿的一颗心。这鸟儿并没有死，他只不过是躺在那儿冻得失去了知觉罢了。现在他得到了温暖，所以又活了起来。

在秋天，所有的燕子都向温暖的国度飞去。不过，假如有一只掉了队，他就会遇到寒冷，于是他就会冻得落下来，像死了一样;他只有躺在他落下的那块地上，让冰冻的雪花把他全身盖满。

拇指姑娘真是抖得厉害，因为她是那么惊恐;这鸟儿，跟只有寸把高的她比起来，真是太庞大了。可是她鼓起勇气来。她把棉花紧紧地裹在这只可怜的鸟儿的身上;同时她把自己常常当作被盖的那张薄荷叶拿来，覆在这鸟儿的头上。

第二天夜里，她又偷偷地去看他。他现在已经活了，不过还是有点昏迷。他只能把眼睛微微地睁开一忽儿，望了拇指姑娘一下。拇指姑娘手里拿着一块引火柴站着，因为她没有别的灯盏。

“我感谢你——你，可爱的小宝宝!”这只身体不太好的燕子对她说，“我现在真是舒服和温暖!不久就可以恢复体力，又可以飞了，在暖和的阳光中飞了。”

“啊，”她说。“外面是多么冷啊。雪花在飞舞，遍地都在结冰。还是请你睡在你温暖的床上吧，我可以来照料你呀。”

她用花瓣盛着水送给燕子。燕子喝了水以后，就告诉她说，他有一个翅膀曾经在一个多刺的灌木林上擦伤了，因此不能跟别的燕子们飞得一样快;那时他们正在远行，飞到那辽远的、温暖的国度里去。最后他落到地上来了，可是其余的事情他现在就记不起来了。他完全不知道自己怎样来到了这块地方的。

燕子在这儿住了一整个冬天。拇指姑娘待他很好，非常喜欢他，鼹鼠和田鼠一点儿也不知道这事，因为他们不喜欢这只可怜的、孤独的燕子。

当春天一到来，太阳把大地照得很温暖的时候，燕子就向拇指姑娘告别了。她把鼹鼠在顶上挖的那个洞打开。太阳非常明亮地照着他们。于是燕子就问拇指姑娘愿意不愿意跟他一起离开：她可以骑在他的背上，这样他们就可以远远地飞走，飞向绿色的树林里去。不过拇指姑娘知道，如果她这样离开的话，田鼠就会感到痛苦的。

“不成，我不能离开!”拇指姑娘说。

“那么再会吧，再会吧，你这善良的、可爱的姑娘!”燕子说。于是他就向太阳飞去。拇指姑娘在后面望着他，她的两眼里闪着泪珠，因为她是那么喜爱这只可怜的燕子。

“滴丽!滴丽!”燕子唱着歌，向一个绿色的森林飞去。

拇指姑娘感到非常难过。田鼠不许她走到温暖的太阳光中去。在田鼠屋顶上的田野里，麦子已经长得很高了。对于这个可怜的小女孩子说来，这麦子简直是一起浓密的森林，因为她究竟不过只有一寸来高呀。

“在这个夏天，你得把你的新嫁衣缝好!”田鼠对她说，因为她的那个讨厌的邻居——那个穿着黑天鹅绒袍子的鼹鼠——已经向她求婚了。“你得准备好毛衣和棉衣。当你做了鼹鼠太太以后，你应该有坐着穿的衣服和睡着穿的衣服呀。”

拇指姑娘现在得摇起纺车来。鼹鼠聘请了四位蜘蛛，日夜为她纺纱和织布。每天晚上鼹鼠来拜访她一次。鼹鼠老是在咕噜地说：等到夏天快要完的时候，太阳就不会这么热了;现在太阳把地面烤得像石头一样硬。是的，等夏天过去以后，他就要跟拇指姑娘结婚了。不过她一点也不感到高兴，因为她的确不喜欢这位讨厌的鼹鼠。每天早晨，当太阳升起的时候，每天黄昏，当太阳落下的时候，她就偷偷地走到门那儿去。当风儿把麦穗吹向两边，使得她能够看到蔚蓝色的天空的时候，她就想象外面是非常光明和美丽的，于是她就热烈地希望再见到她的亲爱的燕子。可是这燕子不再回来了，无疑地，他已经飞向很远很远的、美丽的、青翠的树林里去了。现在是秋天了，拇指姑娘的全部嫁衣也准备好了。

“四个星期以后，你的婚礼就要举行了，”田鼠对她说。但是拇指姑娘哭了起来，说她不愿意和这讨厌的鼹鼠结婚。

“胡说!”田鼠说，“你不要固执;不然的话，我就要用我的白牙齿来咬你!他是一个很可爱的人，你得和他结婚!就是皇后也没有他那样好的黑天鹅绒袍子哩!他的厨房和储藏室里都藏满了东西。你得到这样一个丈夫，应该感谢上帝!”

现在婚礼要举行了。鼹鼠已经来了，他亲自来迎接拇指姑娘。她得跟他生活在一起，住在深深的地底下，永远也不能到温暖的太阳光中来，因为他不喜欢太阳。这个可怜的小姑娘现在感到非常难过，因为她现在不得不向那光耀的太阳告别——这太阳，当她跟田鼠住在一起的时候，她还能得到许可在门口望一眼。

“再会吧，您，光明的太阳!”她说着，同时向空中伸出双手，并且向田鼠的屋子外面走了几步——因为现在大麦已经收割了，这儿只剩下干枯的茬子。“再会吧，再会吧!”她又重复地说，同时用双臂抱住一朵还在开着的小红花。“假如你看到了那只小燕子的话，我请求你代我向他问候一声。”

“滴丽!滴丽!”在这时候，一个声音忽然在她的头上叫起来。她抬头一看，这正是那只小燕子刚刚在飞过。他一看到拇指姑娘，就显得非常高兴。她告诉他说，她多么不愿意要那个丑恶的鼹鼠做她的丈夫啊;她还说，她得住在深深的地底下，太阳将永远照不进来。一想到这点，她就忍不住哭起来了。

“寒冷的冬天现在要到来了，”小燕子说。“我要飞得很远，飞到温暖的国度里去。你愿意跟我一块儿去吗?你可以骑在我的背上!你用腰带紧紧地把你自己系牢。这样我们就可以离开这丑恶的鼹鼠，从他黑暗的房子飞走——远远地、远远地飞过高山，飞到温暖的国度里去：那儿的太阳光比这儿更美丽，那儿永远只有夏天，那儿永远开着美丽的花朵。跟我一起飞吧，你，甜蜜的小拇指姑娘;当我在那个阴惨的地洞里冻得僵直的时候，你救了我的生命!”

“是的，我将和你一块儿去!”拇指姑娘说。她坐在这鸟儿的背上，把脚搁在他展开的双翼上，同时把自己用腰带紧紧地系在他最结实的一根羽毛上。这么着，燕子就飞向空中，飞过森林，飞过大海，高高地飞过常年积雪的大山。在这寒冷的高空中，拇指姑娘冻得抖起来。但是这时她就钻进这鸟儿温暖的羽毛里去。她只是把她的小脑袋伸出来，欣赏她下面的美丽风景。

最后他们来到了温暖的国度。那儿的太阳比在我们这里照得光耀多了，天似乎也是加倍地高。田沟里，篱笆上，都生满了最美丽的绿葡萄和蓝葡萄。树林里处处悬挂着柠檬和橙子。空气里飘着桃金娘和麝香的香气;许多非常可爱的小孩子在路上跑来跑去，跟一些颜色鲜艳的大蝴蝶儿一块儿嬉戏。可是燕子越飞越远，而风景也越来越美丽。在一个碧蓝色的湖旁有一丛最可爱的绿树，它们里面有一幢白得放亮的、大理石砌成的、古代的宫殿。葡萄藤围着许多高大的圆柱丛生着。它们的顶上有许多燕子窠。其中有一个窠就是现在带着拇指姑娘飞行的这只燕子的住所。

“这儿就是我的房子，”燕子说。“不过，下面长着许多美丽的花，你可以选择其中的一朵;我可以把你放在它上面。那么你要想住得怎样舒服，就可以怎样舒服了。”

“那好极了，”她说，拍着她的一双小手。

那儿有一根巨大的大理石柱。它已经倒在地上，并且跌成了三段。不过在它们中间生出一朵最美丽的白色鲜花。燕子带着拇指姑娘飞下来，把她放在它的一起宽阔的花瓣上面。这个小姑娘感到多么惊奇啊!在那朵花的中央坐着一个小小的男子!——他是那么白皙和透明，好像是玻璃做成的。他头上戴着一顶最华丽的金制王冠，他肩上生着一双发亮的翅膀，而他本身并不比拇指姑娘高大。他就是花中的安琪儿。(注：安琪儿就是天使。在西方文艺中，天使的形象一般是长着一对翅膀的小孩子。)每一朵花里都住着这么一个小小的男子或妇人。不过这一位却是他们大家的国王。

“我的天啦!他是多么美啊!”拇指姑娘对燕子低声说。这位小小的王子非常害怕这只燕子，因为他是那么细小和柔嫩，对他说来，燕子简直是一只庞大的鸟儿。不过当他看到拇指姑娘的时候，他马上就变得高兴起来：她是他一生中所看到的一位最美丽的姑娘。因此他从头上取下金王冠，把它戴到她的头上。他问了她的姓名，问她愿不愿意做他的夫人——这样她就可以做一切花儿的皇后了。这位王子才真配称为她的丈夫呢，他比*?癞蛤蟆的儿子和那只穿大黑天鹅绒袍子的鼹鼠来，完全不同!因此她就对这位逗她喜欢的王子说：“我愿意。”这时每一朵花里走出一位小姐或一位男子来。他们是那么可爱，就是看他们一眼也是幸福的。他们每人送了拇指姑娘一件礼物，但是其中最好的礼物是从一只大白蝇身上取下的一对翅膀。他们把这对翅膀安到拇指姑娘的背上，这么着，她现在就可以在花朵之间飞来飞去了。这时大家都欢乐起来。燕子坐在上面自己的窠里，为他们唱出他最好的歌曲。然后在他的心里，他感到有些悲哀，因为他是那么喜欢拇指姑娘，他的确希望永远不要和她离开。

“你现在不应该再叫拇指姑娘了!”花的安琪儿对她说。“这是一个很丑的名字，而你是那么美丽!从今以后，我们要把你叫玛娅(注：在希腊神话里，玛娅(Maja)是顶天的巨神阿特拉斯(Atlas)和平勒俄涅(Pleione)所生的七位女儿中最大的一位，也是最美的一位。这七位姊妹和她们的父母一起代表金牛宫(Taurus)中九颗最明亮的星星。它们在五月间(收获时期)出现，在10月间(第二次播种时期)隐藏起来。)。”

“再会吧!再会吧!”那只小燕子说。他又从这温暖的国度飞走了，飞回到很远很远的丹麦去。在丹麦，他在一个会写童话的人的窗子上筑了一个小窠。他对这个人唱：“滴丽!滴丽!”我们这整个故事就是从他那儿听来的。(1835年)

这篇童话发表于1835年哥本哈根出版的《讲给孩子们听的故事》里。它既是童话，又是诗，因为它的情节美丽动人，同时又有很浓厚的诗意。拇指姑娘虽然身材小得微不足道，生活环境也很艰苦，但她却具有伟大高超的理想：她向往光明和自由。此外，她还有一颗非常善良的心。田鼠和鼹鼠的生活可算很不错了，吃不完，用不尽，对在阴暗的地洞里的生活他们非常满足。但拇指姑娘讨厌在这种庸俗的、自私的、没有阳光的泥巴底下过日子，在非常困难的条件下还尽量关心别人。她尽一切力量救活了生命垂危的燕子。最后她终于能和燕子一道，飞到一个自由、美丽的国度里去，过着幸福的生活。

During this term I have read a novel The Red and the Black. The novel was written by the French writer Stendhal in the 19th century. Marie·Henri Beyle better known by his pen name Stendhal was one of the critical realism French writers in the 19th century . The military and theatrical worlds of the First French Empire were a revelation to Beyle. Known for his acute analysis of his characters’ psychology and reflection of society he is considered one of the earliest and foremost practitioners of realism in his two novels Le Rouge et le Noir (The Red and the Black 1830) and La Chartreuse de Parme (The Charterhouse of Parma 1839). Stendhal laid down for himself in a diary entry of May 1804:“regard everything I’ve read to date about man as a prediction; believe only what I have seen for myself. Joy happiness fame all is upon it.” Futurity call it realism creation method. In France Stendhal was the first litterateur to reveal corruption of the bourgeoisie through literature.

The novel marks the beginning of realism. André Gide said that The Red and the Black was a novel ahead of its time that it was a novel for readers in the twentieth century. In Stendhal’s time prose novels included dialogue and omniscient narrator descriptions; his great contribution to literary technique was describing the psychologies (feelings thoughts inner monologues) of the characters resultantly he is considered the creator of the psychological novel.