高二英语作文演讲稿实用2篇 作文范文(优秀20篇)
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346关于成功的英语演讲稿
全文共 3428 字
+ 加入清单When it comes to success, different people have different opinions about what makes it come true. Some people regard hard-working as an essential quality to success while others believe being clever would lead to success. From my point of view, I think perseverance and hard-working are indispensable for those who want to make an achieveme
谈到成功时,对于实现成功的原因不同的人有不同的看法。有些人认为勤奋是成功必备的素质,而另一些人则相信聪明人会实现成功。从我的角度来看,我认为毅力和勤奋对于那些想要成功的人是必不可少的。
Firstly, perseverance let people step closely towards success. Most people want to make a big difference to prove their value. People who set their goal and keep moving would make their dream come true. However, there are some people who set their goal but they stop at the difficulty would fail in the end. I think the difference between success and failure is perseverance. If we have perseverance, even if we are not clever, we will make a great difference, but if we not, we are doomed to lose. As we all know, Edison is a great inventor in the world. However, before he invented the bulb, he kept trying for tens of thousands of times to find a suitable wire. Let us imagine, if he gave up at the 999th, then how he couldn’t become so successful. So, I strongly believe that perseverance produces success.
首先,毅力让人离成功越来越近。大多数人都想用不同的方式证明自己的价值。设定自己的目标,向着目标走,就可以使梦想成真了。然而,有些人设立了目标,却在困难面前妥协了将以失败告终。我认为成功与失败之间的差别是毅力。如果我们有毅力,即使我们不聪明,我们也会有很大的不同,但是如果我们没有毅力,我们注定是要失败的。我们都知道,爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。但是,在他发明电灯泡前,他试了为数千次去找一个合适的线。让我们想象一下,如果他在第九百九十九次放弃了,那么他就不可能变得如此成功。因此,我强烈认为,坚持就会成功。
Secondly, there is also a kind of people who are born with cleverness, I think they are lucky. Nevertheless, if they don’t make a hard work on their way to their goal, they, absolutely, will become loser. Whether we are gifted for intelligent, we must be hard-working so as to success. I regard hard-working as an efficient approach to be successful because I believe ‘pains and gains’. As for those who do not make great efforts on work, failure follows. In old times, there is a clever boy who can make excellent poem when he can talk. When his father found the little child’s cleverness, he just let the child make poems to show around while never let the boy learned anything. When the boy grew up, people forgot him because he lost the ability Secondly, there is also a kind of people who are born with cleverness, I think they are lucky.
Nevertheless, if they don’t make a hard work on their way to their goal, they, absolutely, will become loser. Whether we are gifted for intelligent, we must be hard-working so as to success. I regard hard-working as an efficient approach to be successful because I believe ‘pains and gains’. As for those who do not make great efforts on work, failure follows. In old times, there is a clever boy who can make excellent poem when he can talk. When his father found the little child’s cleverness, he just let the child make poems to show around while never let the boy learned anything. When the boy grew up, people forgot him because he lost the ability
其次,还有一种人是天生聪明的,他们是幸运的。然而,如果他们没有在实现目标之前努力工作,他们当然也会成为失败者。无论我们是否有天资,我们都应该努力工作以获得成功。我认为勤奋是成功的一个有效的方法,因为我相信的“付出和收获”。对于那些不努力工作的人最后是失败的了。在古代,有一个聪明的男孩,在他能说话的时候就可以作优秀的诗歌。当他的父亲发现他孩子的聪明时,他只是让孩子到处作诗歌来炫耀,却从不让他儿子学习别的知识。孩子长大后,人们把他遗忘了,因为他失去了创作能力,成为了普通人。从这件事中,我们可以看到,只有通过努力工作才能获得知识,拥有一个好的 Anyway, I think perseverance and hard-working are both important in our way to success for they enhance us and produce success
不管怎么样,我觉得毅力和勤奋在成功路上都是很重要的,因为他们提升我们并获得成功。
更多相似作文
篇1:高二英语期中考试的作文
全文共 1042 字
+ 加入清单In our accommodations, many students have computers. Also we can see in the electronic reading room and the cybercafés, rows of students sit in front of the monitors. Computers play an important role in our everyday life.
We use computers to cope with files and photos etc. And the internet is just a large database and we can get on the internet to search for anything we need through the computers. We can keep in touch with the others with the emails, msn and QQ etc. Enjoying ourselves in music, games and movies can loosen us after nervous classes.
Each coin has two sides. Disadvantages of the computers can also do harm to us. Most of us students use the computers more to play games and chat with strangers than searching for useful information. That’s a waste of time. There is so much rubbish on the net, which are some medium messages about crime or sex. It does harm to our minds.
From all above, we should learn to use computers in our own right ways. The computers doesn’t have no responsibility, it depends on the way we use them.
篇2:高二优秀英语
全文共 761 字
+ 加入清单To be successful, students learn many knowledge so as to master as more
skills as possible. Some believe that the key to realize our dreams is to work
hard and others treat chance in the first place. While today is the information
world, the one who masters the all-sided source will have more chances to be
successful. In my opinion, the most important skill is the social skill, because
we need to make connection with others, we are not doing business with
ourselves, so it is in need of having relationship with others. The good social
skill can help us attract attention easily and impress the future partner. If we
are bad in communicating, how can we let others know our advantages and trust
us. So promoting ourselves is the first job, from now on, don’t be shy.
篇3:英语演讲稿
全文共 1016 字
+ 加入清单Dear teacher, dear students:
Good morning, everyone!The title of my speech today is: "celebrating New Years day with joy, go all out to meet the test".
Dear classmates, protectively, as the sun is like a boat, it is one year.This week we will be coming off the unforgettable XX years, merrily merrily XX to celebrate the New Year.This is what we are looking forward to already a long time of New Years day on Sunday.A yuan namely, vientiane update.Dear classmates, the New Year is coming, history will turn a new page, we will enter a new journey of life.Everything is new.And we will have our final exam.The classmates, the final exam is like teachers and parents to us for review, we want to spirit, daring accept big parade from the teachers.New Year new atmosphere.We must redouble our efforts, study hard, work hard, under the guidance of teachers, carefully review each homework, to get good grades in the final exam.
Finally, I wish the students festival happiness, happy growth!My speech to this end, thank you!
篇4:高二优秀英语
全文共 1196 字
+ 加入清单When I was a naughty boy, may be because of the influence of the film "Xiao
Bing Zhang Ga", my dream was to be a soldier just like Zhang Ga. I thought if I
was a soldier, I should be able to swim, dive and climb trees as he did. It
seemed to be very wonderful. So I began to learn swimming, diving and climbing
trees. I practiced every day and finally I could do them well. But when I
entered junior high school and had the military training. I suddenly found that
being a soldier was very difficult and I wasnt strong enough tobear it. I had
to give my dream up.
But I wasnt discouraged, and I had a new aim, which was to be a postman,
or rather to be a newspaper boy. As a newspaper boy. I could speed along streets
on a bike and throw newspapers onto every porch. Thats also very cool. So I
started learning to ride a bicycle. After the everyday practice, I could go very
fast by bicycle. But to my disappointment, the job which I wanted only existed
in western counties not in China, because there was no porch in China. And
Chinese postmen had to stuff very thick newspapers into very small mailboxes
from very narrow entrances. The job was far from what I had expected. So once
again my dream fell through.
篇5:英语高二真题
全文共 770 字
+ 加入清单I believe when we were little babies, we were taught to learn to share with
others. At first, I don’t understand. But now I can understand gradually. Share
happiness will make me feel happier, while share my sadness with my friends will
make me reduce sadness. When I told my friends I got the first praise in the
recital contest, they all congratulated to me and said many good words, which
made me happier. When I got blame from my teacher, I told my friends, which made
me felt comfortable. Besides, their comfort also helped me feel better. What’s
more, sharing my experience with others that help them lots can makes me feel
satisfied. Anyway, sharing my emotion and things with others makes me feel
awesome. You’d better try to learn to share, and then you will understand.
篇6:高二年级绿色校园英语作文
全文共 1915 字
+ 加入清单Green environment is a symbol of health. Green can bring us to life, bring us energy. - at primary school, our school is a green school.
In our campus, everywhere can see green: the playground barriers, tall pine tree, all the year round is covered with the green skirt, cycas sting as sharp as needles; Before and after the teaching building, the front door, also have flower bed and garden decoration, even beside the runway is covered with many green grass, and wearing red maples.
Our school have a green, benefit is a lot! Students came to school, can breathe fresh air, make the person find the scenery pleasing to both the eye and the mind. If in the shade and rest for a while before exam, let us mind, perhaps score will improve a lot!
Our campus, everywhere, flower bed beside one of the most beautiful to the dining room of the garden. Willow there such as silk, beautiful. In the spring and autumn season, flowers in full bloom, the scent pervades the entire campus. Middle of the garden, there is a small pond, there are a lot of sand, the wind blows, they float up.
In this beautiful scenery is not natural, is our schools art workers carefully designed. In their hands, clusters of green as decorated with the campus as a picture. Every day we are responsible for the fallen leaves, sundry clean, let the campus beautiful forever, let this painting preserved forever.
How, our green campus is very beautiful, if you dont believe, just come and visit.
绿色环境是健康的一种象征。绿色能带给我们生机、带给我们活力。我们的学校——镜湖小学,是一所绿色的学校。
在我们的校园里,到处都可以看见绿色:操场的隔离带,松树高大挺拔,一年四季都是披着绿色的长衣,铁树刺如针一般锋利;教学楼前后、大门前,也都有花坛和花园装饰,就连跑道旁都长满了许多碧绿的小草,和穿着红色衣服的枫树。
我们的学校有了绿色,好处还真是不少呀!同学们来到学校,都能呼吸清新的空气,使人心旷神怡。如果在考试前去绿荫边休息一会儿,让我们头脑清醒,说不定分数也会提高不少呢!
我们的校园里,花坛随处可见,其中最漂亮的就要数食堂旁的那个花园了。那里杨柳如丝,漂亮之至。在春秋季节,百花盛开,花香弥漫了整个校园。花园中间有个小池子,有许多沙子,风儿一吹,它们就飘了起来。
里面这美丽的景色可不是天然的,是我们学校的艺术工人精心设计的。在他们的手下,一簇簇绿色像画一样装饰着校园。我们每天负责把落叶,杂物清扫干净,让校园永远保持美丽,让这幅画永远保留下来。
怎么样,我们的绿色校园是不是很美,您若还不信,就快来参观参观吧。
篇7:高二自我介绍英语作文
全文共 1204 字
+ 加入清单第一篇
Hello, everyone! My name is ***. I am x years old. I am from China.I can speak Chinese and a little English. My favorite subject is English, because I think it is very interesting. I like going to the movies, playing sports and reading books. I like summer best, because it is very relaxing and we have a long hollday. I love my life. I think I am a happy girl. Do you want to make friends with me?
翻译:
大家好!我是***。我x岁。我来自中国。我会说中文和一点英文。我最喜欢的科目是英语,因为我认为它非常有趣。我喜欢看电影,做运动和看书。我最喜欢夏天,因为他非常轻松并且我们有一个长的假期。我爱我的生活。我认为我是一个快乐的女孩。你想和我做好朋友么?
第二篇
Hello, everyone!My name is Winnie. Im a 15 years old girl. I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao. Im an active, lovely, and clever girl. In the school my favorite subject is math. Perhaps someone thinks its difficult to study well. But I like it. I believe that if you try your best, everything can be done well. also like sports very much. Such as, running, volleyball and so on. Im kind-hearted. If you need help, please come to me.I hope we can be good friends! OK. This is me .A sunny girl.
你好,每个人!我的名字是温妮。我是一个15岁的女孩。我住在美丽的城市日照。
我是一个活跃的,可爱的,聪明的女孩。在学校我最喜欢的科目是数学。也许有人认为很难学好。但我喜欢它。我相信如果你尽你最大的努力,一切都可以做得很好。
也很喜欢运动。例如,跑步、排球等等。我是善良的。如果你需要帮助,请到我这里来。我希望我们能成为好朋友!
好吧。这就是我。一个阳光明媚的女孩。
篇8:高二英语作文:北大男神走红
全文共 1053 字
+ 加入清单Recently, a picture caught many people’s attention, in the picture, a handsome boy was studying in the library silently, people could only see his half face. Girls are crazy about him, because he was so handsome, wearing the white shirt makes him a gentleman, what’s more, his silent sitting there looks like beautiful scenery. The boy’s picture soon becomes the hot topic, people search his information and more and more his things were dig out. The boy got the first place in his province when he took part in the college entrance exam, he also could play cello very well. As he is so excellent, people admire him so much and want to cultivate their kids as excellent as him. We could see that beautiful outlook will help you catch people’s attention, but only your talented skill makes you outstanding.
最近,一张图片吸引了很多人的注意,在图片中,一位英俊的男孩在图书馆里安静地学习,人们只能看到他的半张脸。女孩们为他痴迷,因为他长得很好看,他穿着白衬衫,很绅士,而且,他安静的坐在那里,看起像一道美丽的风景。男孩的图片很快就成为了热门话题,人们搜索他的信息,有关男孩越来越多的东西被挖出来。男孩在他所在的省参加高考,取得了第一名的成绩,他还能拉大提琴,还拉得很好。由于他是如此的优秀,人们很敬佩他,想要把孩子培养得像他那样优秀。我们看到美丽的外表能让你吸引人们的注意,但是只有你的才华才能让你突出。
篇9:高二经典英语
全文共 792 字
+ 加入清单Many years ago, credit card was believed to be the great improvement to
facilitate people’s life, since then, people didn’t have to carry the paper
money at hand, a card could pay the bill. Nowadays, with the development of
technology, a more convenient way has been invented. There are all kinds of APPs
in China, people can shopping online, order the food and do all kinds of
business, the most important thing is that they can pay money just to click the
button. In the big cities, you don’t need to take money at hand, a smart phone
can solve all the problems. When you buy things, you can take out your phone and
then scan the two-dimension code, the bill is paid. The foreign media reported
the convenient way and they were astonished by China’s change. In the future,
more Apps will be invented.
篇10:高二优秀英语
全文共 821 字
+ 加入清单My mother is a virtuous wife and good mother.She has medium height and
beautiful face.She is a generous,good natured and warm-hearted woman.She looks
like actor Zhong Li Ti.
My mother has retired now.She lives on pension/social welfare and lives
with us.She is good at cooking,often treat us lavish dinner,consisting of
different dishes form various provinces.I like eat my mother dishes very
much.
She likes watch TV.My mother and I like to visit relatives
together.Sometimes we go shopping together.
When I have trouble that she always encourage me to do our best,she used to
say “It don’t matter if you win or not.The important thing is to do your best
and keep going”.
East,West,Home is the best.I wish my mother has a happy life every day.I
love my mother.It is a Chinese tradition to respect the children and support the
elderly.
篇11:高二优秀英语
全文共 1089 字
+ 加入清单Freedom for many children is the coming day when they could improve myself
in their own way to use my 24 hours. They can study language by watching film
instead of working on boring grammar and multiple choices. Boys and girls can
have enough time to do sports to keep health not going on a diet as a result of
junk food and a lack of sports caused by too much homework.
Freedom is as simple as my playing piano all night without worrying about
disturbing my 14-year-old neighbour who has to go to school the next day for my
house is specially made.
It also could be freedom in my dream that one day, political democracy
becomes true. Freedom in my life is the name of all kindness and happiness.
People have common desire under the sun. For mankind, freedom commonly
means respect, love, blessing and dignity. For some people, freedom is that some
day, he can give up his own interests to guarantee others’ rights. It is no
wonder that so many people fought for freedom even didn’t hesitate to give up
their lives when necessary .
I would like to be a freedom fighter for human rights some day in
future.
篇12:和谐校园英语演讲稿
全文共 2687 字
+ 加入清单1、Maintain a good attitude of tolerance towards people , the students are friendly to each other, to create a harmonious interpersonal relationships.
2、 We should promote a vibrant style of the team, a real study , the unity displayed a style of class and diligence to make personal style in a good environment. The students forge ahead and to the ideal of hard work. Learning positive, thereby creating a harmonious atmosphere for education.
With the development of society, harmony becomes the theme of this time. Everyone is doing his best to make the surroundings harmonious. As a member of our campus, we should take action in building the harmonious campus.
Here are some suggestions. First, treat people sincerely. We should be ready to help each other when someone is in trouble. Second, behave yourself. Keep our environment clean and take good care of every tree and every flower. Third, try to be polite. When we meet someone we know, a “hello” is good enough. Then, we can gain their respects for us.
Of course, there are still a lot of things we can do to build the harmonious campus. Anyway, doing something good to our campus is our duty. Let’s do it from now on.
Harmonious Campus
The blue sky and white clouds, hope that somehow the freedom of flight. Teachers and parents, we hope that the healthy growth. Now , I’d like to write music to harmonious campus.
Harmony is the common feature of all the beautiful things. Achieve harmony and to build a harmonious and civilized campus environment will be an eternal theme. Building a harmonious campus to establish a harmonious relationship with students. Teachers to enlighten the knowledge of our culture , from naive to mature. We need to pay teachers’ cherish.
Building a harmonious campus students need to establish harmonious relations. Help them, and let them feel the warmth of harmonious campus. Maintain a good attitude of tolerance towards people , the students are friendly to each other, to create a harmonious interpersonal relationships.
The need to build a harmonious campus to establish good study , a good ethos. We should promote a vibrant style of the team, a real study , the unity displayed a style of class and diligence to make personal style in a good environment. The students forge ahead and to the ideal of hard work. Learning positive, thereby creating a harmonious atmosphere for education.
The flower opens the day, let’s us happily study in the harmonious atmosphere.
The flower opens the day, let’s us influence the sentiment in the harmonious interest paradise.
The flower opens the day, let’s us healthily grow in the harmonious relationship.
Future will not be the dream, today, in our hand.
Thank you~
篇13:英语高二真题
全文共 759 字
+ 加入清单It is the traditional merit to respect the old in China. Since I was very
small, I received the education that young people should respect the old without
any question. I kept it in my heart and showed respect to the old people all the
time. But as I grew up and with the development of Internet, media exposed the
negative side of the old people. They were rude and impolite sometimes, some of
them took it for granted that young people should serve to them. So people start
to think about whether it was worthy giving priority to the old. In my opinion,
it is the adorable behavior that deserves to be respected, instead of the age.
When old people were rude, they also needed to face the publics criticism. Only
the multi-respect can help people better communicate.
篇14:英语高二真题
全文共 1142 字
+ 加入清单If I were a boy again, I would practice perseverance more often, and never
give up a thing because it was or inconvenient. if we want light, we must
conquer darkness. perseverance can sometimes equal genius in its results. “there
are only two creatures,” says a proverb, “who can surmount the pyramids—the
eagle and the snail.”
if i were a boy again, I would school myself into a habit of attention; i
would let nothing come between me and the subject in hand. i would remember that
a good skater never tries to skate in two directions at once.the habit of
attention becomes part of our life, if we begin early enough. i often hear grown
up people say “ i could not fix my attention on the sermon or book, although I
wished to do so” , and the reason is, the habit was not formed in youth.
if I were to live my life over again, I would pay more attention to the
cultivation of the memory. I would strengthen that faculty by every possible
means, and on every possible occasion. it takes a little hard work at first to
remember things accurately; but memory soon helps itself, and gives very little
trouble. it only needs early cultivation to become a power.
篇15:高二英语作文:时间未必等于金钱
全文共 801 字
+ 加入清单导语:有句老话是时间等于金钱。但时间真的一定等于金钱吗?以下是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的英语作文,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!
As a popular saying goes, Time is money. But does time definitely mean money? I dont think so. First of all, time is more precious than money. When money is spent, you can earn it back if you want to. However,when time is gone, it will never come back. To some extent, time is priceless. Second, not all time can be turned into money in the end. Some persons are idling all the time. Their time is just for wasting, not for earning money. They will end in nothing at last. So be sure to remember that time can be turned into money only with hard work involved in it.
【翻译】
时间未必等于金钱 有句老话是时间等于金钱。但时间真的一定等于金钱吗?未必。首先时间比金钱宝贵。金钱花完还可以再挣,而时间如果浪费了就一去不复返了。因此某种程度上,时间是无价的。其次,并不是所有的时间都能变为金钱。有些人整日游手好闲,他们的时间是用来浪费的,而不是用来挣钱的,最终将一无所得。因此务必要记住,只有努力工作,时间才能等于金钱。
篇16:高二年级英语作文:Spring is coming on
全文共 675 字
+ 加入清单Winter has gone , and spring is coming on .
Watching the ice melting ,I know the whole earth is being rejuvenated from the winter. A variety of flowers come out to show their beauty and bring us fragrance .It is a feast for our eyes and souls. The yellow grass suddenly turn green . The young leaves grow on the branches . The swallows fly back home with the greeting of spring .
Everything is coming to life . Feeling the warm sunshine , enjoying the beautiful scenery , listening to the wonderful music , drinking the new tea , my mood is perfect and I have nothing else to desire. Spring is the most fantastic season in the year .It means so much to the other three seasons.
篇17:2024年高二月考英语
全文共 769 字
+ 加入清单Every year a lot of people are killed or injured in road accidents. How can
we make the roads safer? Remember the following traffic rules.
When you ride a bike, keep to the right side of the road. Dont cross the
road or turn left at a red traffic light. Give a hand signal if you want to turn
or stop.
Before crossing the road, stop and look both ways, right and left. If the
road is clear, it is safe to cross. The correct way to cross is to walk quickly,
but not to run. If you run across the road, you may fall down.
If you see small children or old people waiting to cross the road, it is a
kind deed to help them to cross in safety. We should teach small children not to
play or ride on the roads.
Always obey these rules, youll find it much safer to walk or ride on the
road.
篇18:高二年级英语作文:关于人才流失TheBrainDrain
全文共 1090 字
+ 加入清单We all know that it is not easy to find a suitable work in the present society. But at the same time, more and more companies say the phenomenon of the brain drain is very serious. I think both the employee and employer should take the responsibility. But employer should take the most duty. If the company can offer a considerable welfare, there will be less staff leave their position. In general, most employees change their jobs just because they think their payment doesn’t equal to their benefit. If the employer can meet the need of their staffs, the brain drain will not be a question. By the way, the employee also should think again and again when hunting jobs to make sure finding his dream job. Then he would not regret after a few days. If both employee and employer do their best, there will be less and less brain drain.
我们都知道在当今这个社会的要找到一份合适的工作并不容易。但是,与此同时,越来越多的公司指出人才流失这个现象的严重性。我认为这应该是雇员和雇主都该承担的责任。不过雇主应承担大部分责任。如果公司可以提供相当可观的福利,很少会有员工要离开的。一般来说,大多数员工换工作都是因为他们认为他们的付出与收获不成正比。如果雇主能够满足员工的需要,人才流失将不会是一个问题。顺便说一下,在找工作的时候员工也应该三思而后行,确保可以找到自己想要的工作。这样就不会一段时间后就后悔了。如果雇主和雇员都做到最好,人才流失会越来越少。
篇19:高二年级英语作文:Notice
全文共 468 字
+ 加入清单Attention please, everyone,
Our class will go to have a physical examination in Peoples Hospital on Saturday, 10th May. Well meet at the hospital gate at 7:45.. It is not far from our school. Its about fifteen minutes walk.You may either walk there or go there by bicycle.
The examination will begin at 8:00. We are not allowed to eat or drink anything before the examination. Keep quiet there and listen to the doctors and nurses. After the examination you may go home.
篇20:高二英语作文:河流污染RiverPollution
全文共 1022 字
+ 加入清单In my memory, though my hometown is a small village, it is very beautiful. When I was small, I liked to caught fish in the river, the water was so clean that I could see the fish. As I miss my hometown so much, last week, I went back to my hometown, I found the place in my memory was not like what it was. The trees were not that numerous, the roads became bigger, while there was less place for the river, I saw some dead fish in the river, the water was dirty, the river pollution was so serious! I couldn’t believe it, the beautiful hometown was destroyed by the pollution, it is people’s ambition results in it, they chase for the profit at the cost of polluting the environment. I wish people can pay attention to protect the environment, they are saving themselves, too.
在我的记忆中,虽然我的家乡是个小城镇,但是很美丽。当我还小的时候,我喜欢在河里抓鱼,河水是如此的干净以至于我能看到河里的鱼。由于抵挡不住对家乡的思念,上周,我回到了家乡,我发现我记忆中的城市再也不是它原来的样子了。树没以前的多,道路变得宽阔,然而河道却变得窄些了,我看到河中有一些死掉的鱼,河水是如此的脏,河流污染是如此的严重!我无法相信眼前的一切,美丽的家乡被污染给破坏了,人们的贪念导致了这个结果,他们为了追求利益,不惜以牺牲环境为代价。我希望人们能注意保护环境,这也是在保护他们自己。