阅读经典书籍的重要性英语作文(经典20篇)

Occasionally in life, we heard some people say: reading is boring, in fact, they are wrong! Book, is the source of knowledge, but also a colorful world. As long as you open it, you will be inside the colorful, multifarious, compelling content deeply fascinated by...

In this colorful world, we seem to see the dinosaur huge figure, there are air flying pterosaurs, are the main fish dragon, a land of tyrannosaurus rex. We will be surprised to find their own ancestors is man! They pick fruit, hunting with his bare hands, had a social life. We can fully understand the long history of the Chinese nation, the ancient battlefield of Mercedes in Mr Breastplates. We feel the arc DE triomphe, the Eiffel Tower, the ancient Egyptian pyramid, the statue of liberty, grand, magnificent!

In this colorful world, we see the world the mysteries of many mysterious and fascinating. We like a sponge to absorb knowledge, know how the moon formed, know the relationship between the moon and the tides, know the gravitation. Know the solar system, the Milky Way know why fall and winter night, met a lunar eclipse, learned a lot of scientific reason.

In this colorful world, we learned about the Great Wall, shanhaiguan east it, through the mountains, across the deep canyons, stretch spanning in desert and grassland, jiayuguan, has been at the finish is ancient Chinas largest defensive military engineering. We understand the galactic pours, whitewater, Niagara Falls, it is located in the eastern United States and Canada border on the Niagara river, between the great lakes lake Erie and lake Ontario, is one of the three largest waterfalls in the worlds most famous. Understand the halong bay is a bay in the north of Vietnam, it is in the west of the beibu gulf. Ancient legends have a group of white dragon from a distance, attracted by the beautiful scenery here, down from the sky in the gulf, white dragon mountain dew, into various strange mountain different island. To understand the...

Ah, I havent played, in reading a book before you! How, it is a good book? The content of the book is rich and colorful, it formed a colorful world. Let us in this world of knowledge and drinking...

在生活中,我们偶尔会听到一些人说:读书很无聊其实，他们错了!书，是知识的源泉，更是一个色彩斑斓的世界。只要你打开它，你就会被里面多姿多彩、五花八门、引人入胜的内容深深地迷住……

在这个色彩斑斓的世界里，我们好象看到了恐龙庞大的身影,有空中飞行的翼手龙,有在水中捞月的鱼龙,有横行陆地的霸王龙。我们会惊奇地发现自己的祖先竟是猿人!他们摘果实、赤手空拳狩猎,过着群居的生活。我们能尽情地了解中华民族漫长的历史,奔驰在金戈铁甲的古战场。我们感受到凯旋门、埃菲尔铁塔、古埃及金字塔、自由女神像的宏伟、壮丽!

在这个色彩斑斓的世界里，我们看到了大千世界许多神秘又精彩的奥秘。我们像海绵一样尽情地吸收知识，知道了月球是怎样形成的,知道了月球和潮汐的关系,知道了万有引力。认识了太阳系银河系,认识了为什么秋天和冬天夜晚较长,认识了月食,懂得了许许多多科学道理。

在这个色彩斑斓的世界里，我们了解了万里长城，它东起山海关，穿过高山，越过深谷，伸蜒于沙漠和草原，一直到达终点嘉峪关,是我国古代规模最大的防御性军事工程。我们了解了银河倾泻，白浪滔天的尼亚加拉大瀑布，它位于美国东部和加拿大交界处尼加拉河上，介于五大湖伊利湖和安大略湖之间，是世界最著名的三大瀑布之一。了解了下龙湾是越南北方的一个海湾，它位于北部湾西部。传说古代有一群白龙从远方飞来，被这里的绮丽风光吸引，从天上下来留在海湾里,白龙翻腾激浪，化作千姿百态的奇山异岛。了解了……

呵，我还没讲玩，你就先在看书了!怎么样，书的确不错吧?书里的内容是丰富多彩的，它构成了一个色彩斑斓的世界。让我们在这个世界里求知、陶醉……

My mother is a teacher, so she pays special attention to my education. Before I went to primary school, she bought me a lot of novel books. I remembered that when the hot movie Harry Porter came out, she bought me the novel the other day. I was so surprised and read these books quickly. Thanks to my mother, she cultivated my interest to read successfully. I keep reading books every day, even though I was busy with my homework, I would take out the books to read some chapters before I went to sleep. Reading these books helps me a lot. I am good at writing and it broadens my vision. I can give my own opinion and other students admire me. Now I start to read the classic novel. Reading makes me happy and find my world.

我妈妈是一名教师，所以她特别重视对我的教育。在我上小学之前，她给我买了很多小说。我记得，当热门电影《哈里波特》出来的时候，第二天她就给我买了这本小说。我很惊讶，同时也很快看完了。感谢我的妈妈，她成功地培养了我对阅读的兴趣。我坚持每天读书的习惯，即使作业任务很繁重，我都会在睡觉之前拿书出来看一会。看这些书给我的帮助很大。我擅长写作，而且视野也拓宽了。我可以给出自己的见解，其他同学也佩服我。现在我开始看古典小说，阅读使我快乐，我找到了属于自己的世界。

[良好的阅读习惯高中英语作文

There is no denying that people can get a lot benefits from reading classics. On the one hand, it is a good way for readers to broaden their horizon and increase their knowledge in many aspects. For instance, they can learn the society characters by reading classic literature novels about history or culture. On the other hand, it also provides a chance for them to enhance their aesthetic taste in that most of classics has a very beautiful or unique language style and arts, which gives readers more enjoyment and interest.

不可否认的是人们从阅读经典中可以获益匪浅。另一方面，阅读经典也是让读者开阔视野、多方面增加知识的好方式。例如，他们可以通过阅读关于历史和文化的文学经典小说来了解社会人物。另一方面，阅读经典还为他们提供增强审美观的机会，因为大部分的经典都有着美丽而独特的语言风格和艺术，这可以给读者更多的享受和兴趣。

However, nowadays a large number of people, especially the young, are unwilling to or cannot spend their times in reading classics. There are some reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to state two of them. For one thing, people are distracted by other things increasingly, which can give their more joy and fun and have no requirement in thinking, such as all kinds of entertainment activities. For another, some people think that it is no use of reading classics because these classics are outdated and useless to our society and lives.

然而，如今许多人，尤其是年轻人，不愿意或不能花时间去阅读经典。对于这一现象有很多原因，这里我只想列出两点。一方面，越来越多的人被由其他的东西分散了注意力，它们可以给他们更多的乐趣也不用思考，如各种娱乐活动。另一方面，有些人认为阅读经典是没有用的，因为这些经典著作在我们的社会和生活中已经过时了而且也没有用。

In my opinion, it is wrong to consider classics as an outdated matter because it still has many important functions and influence on our society and our lives. Classics are a kind of treasure in a nation. Therefore, we should give enough attention to them. And I advocate that all of us should try our best to read some of them.

在我看来，把经典著作看作是过时的东西是错误的，因为它在我们的社会和生活中仍然有重要的作用和影响。经典是一个国家的一种财富。因此，我们应该给予足够的重视。我认为我们都应该尽量去读一些书。

if we have a book ,we will not be felling of being longly

When Im free or in trouble, I always take out a book and read quietly. In no time, Ive put my heart into it so that Ill forget all the troubles. Its in this way that Ive formed the habit of reading in any time.

Little boys as I was, I was interest in picture books and storybooks. I was struck by them. No sooner had I entered the middle school than I began to read novel, plays, essays and so on. I found I could get much from them. Little by little I took great interest in literature and last term I won the first prize in the composition contest among middle-school students in Zhe Jiang.

Reading “The Emperors New Clothes”, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his fool. “The Little Match Girl” couldnt keep me from crying for her misery. “ Robinson Crusoe” took me into a strange world full of danger. And I was also deeply impressed by Helen Kellers patience and perseverance… Besides these, books also tell me other thing -how to be a man and how to tell the difference between right and wrong. In a word, good books can make me know what I didnt before. So I think of a good book as my best friend.

Ill never forget this famous saying,“ Good books are best friends who never turn their backs upon us.”

如果我们有一本书,我们不会感觉的孤独

当我免费或陷入困境时,我总是拿出一本书,安静地阅读。在没时间,我把我的心放在它,这样我就会忘记所有的烦恼。通过这种方式,我在任何时候形成阅读的习惯。

小男孩在我,我感兴趣的照片书和故事书。我被他们。我走进中学比我刚开始阅读小说、剧本、散文等等。我发现我能得到多少。渐渐地我带着极大的兴趣在文学和上学期我在作文比赛中得了第一名哲江中学学生。

阅读“皇帝的新衣”,我不得不发出一阵笑声在他的傻瓜。“卖火柴的小女孩”不能阻止我哭她的痛苦。“鲁宾逊漂流记”带我到一个陌生的世界充满了危险。我也深深打动了海伦·凯勒的耐心和毅力…除了这些,书也告诉我其他的事情——一个男人以及如何区分对与错。总之,好的书可以让我知道我没有之前。所以我认为一本好书是最好的朋友。

我永远不会忘记这个著名的说:“好书是最好的朋友对我们从不转背。”

妙妙爱读书，但和泥妮相比，妙看的书还是太少。

上个星期，语文老师让妙妙和班上的一个女同学朗读她们近期写的作文，课后，妙妙觉得那个女同学的文章写得太好了，“那才是真正的才女啊!”妙妙这样由衷地评价那个同学。

那个同学同样也赞赏妙妙的作文，她说：“我很欣赏你的文笔，只是如果再加上点郭敬明的风格就更好了!”经过交流，妙发现那个同学在小学时就看完了金庸全集、三毛的大部分书、还有很多名人传奇。

她看的书很杂，又很多，所以写出来的作文很有思想性。与的同学相比，妙妙所读之书真是贫乏得很。

昨天妙妙问我：“你知道郭敬明是谁吗?他写过什么书吗?他写过一本《幻城》你知道吗?”

读老实话，我真不知道，而妙妙也是才知道这个作者，我准备这个星期就买了他的书来看。

我希望妙妙多读书，读好书，除妙妙自己计划中要读的她最近感兴趣的中外戏剧类书籍外，我想让妙妙读过更多的书，以开阔视野。而我在这方面是多少的孤陋寡闻。

我想两位推荐一些书，等下个星期妙妙中考结束，好好过把读书瘾。

if we have a book ,we will not be felling of being longly.

When Im free or in trouble, I always take out a book and read quietly. In no time, Ive put my heart into it so that Ill forget all the troubles. Its in this way that Ive formed the habit of reading in any time.

Little boys as I was, I was interest in picture books and storybooks. I was struck by them. No sooner had I entered the middle school than I began to read novel, plays, essays and so on. I found I could get much from them. Little by little I took great interest in literature and last term I won the first prize in the composition contest among middle-school students in Zhe Jiang.

Reading “The Emperors New Clothes”, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his fool. “The Little Match Girl” couldnt keep me from crying for her misery. “ Robinson Crusoe” took me into a strange world full of danger. And I was also deeply impressed by Helen Kellers patience and perseverance… Besides these, books also tell me other thing -how to be a man and how to tell the difference between right and wrong.

In a word, good books can make me know what I didnt before. So I think of a good book as my best friend.Ill never forget this famous saying,“ Good books are best friends who never turn their backs upon us.

Book to give me wisdom and knowledge, but also gave me strength and courage. Since I was young, I liked the books and books. I put the book as an indispensable nourishment, he saw a book like the hungry to see bread fondle admiringly. In my room, there is a big bookcase, the above is my favorite book. Whenever I get the result, when the parents ask me to want what gift, I can blurt out, "the book, send my favorite book." I really enjoy reading.

Reading can let me become a Renaissance man. There is a language lesson, the teacher gave us will be in a long history and culture. Suddenly a asked a question, what are the four great inventions in ancient China. Originally very lively classroom, instantly grew quiet. But I do remember I have seen a "Chinese history" is written with the four great inventions: papermaking. Gunpowder. A compass. Movable type printing. When I resounding answer, the teacher asked me how do you know that. I replied: I know from the book. The teacher finally said: study is very helpful.

Reading can not only increase knowledge, writing is also very helpful to us. Read a few excellent composition, write a composition since relaxed a lot of, also the composition level is also increased. Reading good books can let me set up the correct outlook on life, encounter difficulties dont flinch, should have the perseverance to overcome difficulties, this is my book "how the steel was tempered", was inspired.

"The book is the ocean of knowledge. Colorful world in the book attracted we approached him, to be close to him.

书给给了我智慧和知识，也给了我力量和勇气。我从小就十分喜爱书籍和书结下了不解之缘。我把书当做不可缺少的营养品，看见书就像饥饿的人看到面包一样爱不释手。在我的房间里，放着一个大书柜，上面放的都是我喜爱的书。每逢我取的成绩时，父母亲问我要什么礼物，我都会脱口而出，“书，送我喜欢的书。”读书的时候我会沉浸其中。

读书能让我成为一个博学多才的人。有一次语文课上，老师在给我们将悠久的历史文化。冷不丁的问了一个问题，中国古代的四大发明是什么。原本十分热闹的教室，瞬间变得鸦雀无声。而我却清楚的记得我看过一本《中国历史》上记载着四大发明分别是：造纸术。火药。指南针。活字印刷。当我响亮的回答出后，老师问我你是怎么知道的。我回答道：我是从书中了解的。老师最后说：好好读书很有有益的。

读书不仅能增长知识，对我们的写作也很有帮助。读了几本优秀作文大全，写起作文以来也轻松了许多，作文水平也提高了。读好书还能让我树立正确的人生观，遇到困难不退缩，要有毅力去战胜困难，这是我从《钢铁是怎样炼成的》一书中受到的启发。

“书是知识的海洋”。书里五彩斑斓的世界吸引我们走近他，亲近他。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Goal Setting Is Important by commenting on John Ruskins famous remark, Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

【范文】Goal Setting Is Important

Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. This philosophical wisdom by John Ruskin, one of the greatest British writers, tells us that goal setting is extremely important in life.

Why is goal setting so important? The main importance of goal setting is that it provides us with direction and purpose. When we have goals, we know what we want to achieve so that we can focus our mindson a single worthwhile target and avoid getting distracted easily. Personal goal setting also provides us with motivation to achieve what we want to achieve.

Goal setting is of especial significance for todays students. A study reveals that when students set goals, they learn the importance of taking responsibility, of minimizing excuses and of helping others. Goal setting is a lifelong skill that first helps students succeed in school and then later in life.

[目标设定的重要性四级英语作文练习

同学们：

随着科技越来越强大，电子阅读和掌上阅读也更加普遍。这样的确能够大大减少纸质阅读所花的时间，但是在减少了时间的同时也提高了中小学生的近视率。为此，我觉得应多抽时间用来纸质阅读。请尽力做到以下几点：

1。不要花大量的时间电子阅读。

2。要常抽出一些空闲时间，比如：课间，早晨，晚上等来纸质阅读。

3。要有选择性的阅读，不要孬读，什么书拿到就看，尽量少看漫画，小说的没有营养的书。要读好书。

4。读书时也要像吃饭一样，慢慢品读。不要囫囵吞枣，一目十行。这样就不能够体会到书中所蕴含着的真正意义。

5。读书时，最好一只手捧着书，另一只手拿着笔。一边读书，一边做着笔记，把好词佳句圈画出来。

6。一本书读完可以与小伙伴们交换着读，阅读完可以交换自己从书中所体会到的心得，在快乐中学习到新知识。

7。也要多看一些对我们有意义的书，比如：《三国演义》，《红楼梦》，《西游记》，《水浒传》等书籍。

8。看完一本书可以写一篇读后感。然后再去读一次，对照读后感，看看有没有新的收获。一本书反复着读，每读完一遍，（如果你认真读了），一定会有新的发现。

莎士比亚曾经说过：“书是全世界最大的营养品。”

你们相信这个世界上，有时光机和任意门么？你们一定觉得没有吧，不，他其实就在我们的身边，他就是书籍。书籍能够带我们了解历史书籍，能够让我们看见各地的风土人情。让我们一起在书的海洋里遨游吧！

朝阳小学601班唐海轩

12月1日

As is well known, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things. They increase our knowledge, broaden our minds and strengthen our character. In other words, they are our good teachers and wise friends. This is the reason why our parents always encourage us to read more books.

Reading is a good thing, but we must pay great attention to the choice of books. It is true that we can derive benefits from good books. However, bad books will do us more harm than good.

如众所周知，书籍教我们学习人生，真理，科学以及其它许多有用的东西。它们增加我们的知识，扩大我们的心胸并加强我们的品格。换句话说，它们是我们的良师益友。这是为什么我们的父母终是鼓励我们要多读书的理由。

读书是一好事，但我们必须多加注意书的选择。不错，我们能从好书中获得益处。然而，坏书却对我们有害无益。

If set up a holiday, I want to set up a reading festival.

There is a celebrity once said: books are the ladder of human progress. Can learn directly from the book in predecessors experience, knowledge to make our trips up again on the way forward little, little detours. Reading can broaden our horizons, cultivate our feelings... The benefits of reading.

But now, we learn a lot of pressure, although we also want to read more books, but the heavy academic burden and a variety of extracurricular cram school, the remedial class is our breath, where still have time to read more books? So I can look forward to establish a special reading festival.

In reading festival on this day, we dont have to go to school, dont do your homework, you can enjoy all the extra-curricular, explicitly swim in the sea of knowledge. Can communicate with friends their own reading experience, express their own unique insights. Can also and students to act out the scene in the book! Reading festival can each month once or twice a week.

How I hope to have a reading festival!

如果设立一个节日，我要设立一个读书节。

有一个名人曾经说过：书是人类进步的阶梯。从书中可以直接学到前人的经验，知识使我们再前进的路上少摔跟头，少走弯路。读书可以开阔我们的视野，陶冶我们的情操……读书的好处数不胜数。

可是现在，我们的学习压力很大，虽然我们也很想多读书，可是过重的学业负担和五花八门的课外补习班，辅导班压得我们喘不过气来，哪里还有时间多读书呢?因此，我特别期盼能设立一个读书节。

在读书节这一天，大家不用上学，不用做作业，可以尽情地看课外书，痛痛快快地在知识的海洋里畅游。可以和同学朋友交流自己的读书体会，表达自己的独特见解。还可以和同学把书中的情景表演出来!读书节可以每个月一次或每周两次。

我多么希望有一个读书节啊!

There were three of them. There were four of us, and April lay on the campsite and on the river, a mixture of dawn at a damp extreme and the sun in the leaves at cajole. This was Deer Lodge on the Pine River in Ossipee, New Hampshire, though the lodge was naught but a foundation remnant in the earth. Brother Bentleys father, Oren, had found this place sometime after the First World War, a foreign affair that had seriously done him no good but he found solitude abounding here. Now we were here, post World War II, post Korean War, Vietnam War on the brink. So much learned, so much yet to learn.

Peace then was everywhere about us, in the riot of young leaves, in the spree of bird confusion and chatter, in the struggle of pre-dawn animals for the start of a new day, a Cooper Hawk that had smashed down through trees for a squealing rabbit, yap of a fox at a youngster, a skunk at rooting.

We had pitched camp in the near darkness, Ed LeBlanc, Brother Bentley, Walter Ruszkowski, myself. A dozen or more years we had been here, and seen no one. Now, into our campsite deep in the forest, so deep that at times we had to rebuild sections of narrow road (more a loggers path) flushed out by earlier rains, deep enough where we thought wed again have no traffic, came a growling engine, an old solid body van, a Chevy, the kind I had driven for Frankie Pike and the Lobster Pound in Lynn delivering lobsters throughout the Merrimack Valley. It had pre-WW II high fenders, a faded black paint on a body youd swear had been hammered out of corrugated steel, and an engine that made sounds too angry and too early for the start of day. Two elderly men, we supposed in their seventies, sat the front seat; felt hats at the slouch and decorated with an assortment of tied flies like a miniature bandoleer of ammunition on the band. They could have been conscripts for Emilano Zappata, so loaded their hats and their vests as they climbed out of the truck.

"Mornin, been yet?" one of them said as he pulled his boots up from the folds at his knees, the tops of them as wide as a big mouth bass coming up from the bottom for a frog sitting on a lily pad. His hands were large, the fingers long and I could picture them in a shop barn working a primal plane across the face of a maple board. Custom-made, old elegance, those hands said.

"Barely had coffee," Ed LeBlanc said, the most vocal of the four of us, quickest at friendship, at shaking hands. "Weve got a whole pot almost. Have what you want." The pot was pointed out sitting on a hunk of grill across the stones of our fire, flames licking lightly at its sides. The pot appeared as if it had been at war, a number of dents scarred it, the handle had evidently been replaced, and if not adjusted against a small rock it would have fallen over for sure. Once, a half-hour on the road heading north, noting it missing, wed gone back to get it. When we fished the Pine River, coffee was the glue, the morning glue, the late evening glue, even though wed often unearth our beer from a natural cooler in early evening. Coffee, camp coffee, has a ritual. It is thick, it is dark, it is potboiled over a squaw-pine fire, it is strong, it is enough to wake the demon in you, stoke last evenings cheese and pepperoni. First man up makes the fire, second man the coffee; but into that pot has to go fresh eggshells to hold the grounds down, give coffee a taste of history, a sense of place. That means at least one egg be cracked open for its shells, usually in the shadows and glimmers of false dawn. I suspect thats where "scrambled eggs" originated, from some camp like ours, settlers rushing west, lumberjacks hungry, hoboes lobbying for breakfast. So, camp coffee has made its way into poems, gatherings, memories, a time and thing not letting go, not being manhandled, not being cast aside.

英语作文阅读：AnEmptyBox

Once upon a time, a man punished his 5-year-old daughter for using up the familys only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper. Money was tight, and he became even more upset when on Christmas Eve, he saw that the child had pasted the gold paper so as to decorate a shoebox to put under the Christmas tree.

Nevertheless, the next morning the little girl, filled with excitement, brought the gift box to her father and said, "This is for you, Daddy!"

As he opened the box, the father was embarrassed by his earlier overreaction.

But when he opened it, he found it was empty and again his anger flared. "Dont you know, young lady, " he said harshly, "when you give someone a present theres supposed to be something inside the package!"

The little girl looked up at him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: "Daddy, its not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full."

The father was crushed. He fell on his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger.

An accident took the life of the child only a short time later. It is told that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. Whenever he was discouraged or faced difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child who had put it there.

In a very real sense, each of us as human beings have been given an invisible golden box filled with unconditional love and kisses from our children, family, friends and God.

There is no more precious possession anyone could hold.

英语作文阅读：HappinessEquateswithFun

I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.

Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion.

Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.

I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful inpiduals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells "happiness".

But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, profound loneliness.

The way people cling to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually diminishes their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very endeavors that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, civic or charitable work, and self-improvement.

英语作文阅读：TodayisaGift

Two men, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. One man was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. His bed was next to the room‘s only window. The other man had to spend all his time flat on his back. The men talked for hours on end.

They spoke of their wives and families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, where they had been on vacation. And every afternoon when the man in the bed by the window could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window. The man in the other bed began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.

The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amidst flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees graced the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As the man by the window described all this in exquisite detail, the man on the other side of the room would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scene.

One warm afternoon the man by the window described a parade passing by. Although the other man couldn‘t hear the band - he could see it in his mind‘s eye as the gentleman by the window portrayed it with descriptive words.

Days and weeks passed. One morning, the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of the man by the window, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.

As soon as it seemed appropriate, the other man asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone. Slowly and painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself. He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall.

The man asked the nurse what could have compelled his deceased roommate who had described such wonderful things outside this window. The nurse responded that the man was blind and could not even see the wall. She said, "Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you."

英语作文阅读：IsPackingImportanttoYou

A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a dealers showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.

As Graduation Day approached, the young man awaited signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study. His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather-bound Bible, with the young mans name embossed in gold.

Angrily, he raised his voice to his father and said, "With all your money you give me a Bible?" He then stormed out of the house, leaving the Bible.

Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and a wonderful family, but realizing his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make the arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.

When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his fathers important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago.

With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the Bible. It had a tag with the dealers name, the same dealer who had the sports car he had desired. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words… "PAID IN FULL".

How many times do we miss blessings because they are not packaged as we expected? I trust you enjoyed this. Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; but remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for. Sometimes we dont realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect "the packaging" to be different. What may appear as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.

英语作文阅读：TheBabyEagle

Once upon a time there was a baby eagle living in a nest perched on a cliff overlooking a beautiful valley with waterfalls and streams, trees and lots of little animals, scurrying about enjoying their lives.

The baby eagle liked the nest. It was the only world he had ever known. It was warm and comfortable, had a great view, and even better, he had all the food and love and attention that a great mother eagle could provide. Many times each day the mother would swoop down from the sky and land in the nest and feed the baby eagle delicious morsels of food. She was like a god to him, he had no idea where she came from or how she worked her magic.

The baby eagle was hungry all the time, but the mother eagle would always come just in time with the food and love and attention he craved. The baby eagle grew strong. His vision grew very sharp. He felt good all the time.

Until one day, the mother stopped coming to the nest.

The baby eagle was hungry. "Im sure to die," said the baby eagle, all the time.

"Very soon, death is coming," he cried, with tears streaming down his face. Over and over. But there was no one there to hear him.

Then one day the mother eagle appeared at the top of the mountain cliff, with a big bowl of delicious food and she looked down at her baby. The baby looked up at the mother and cried "Why did you abandon me? Im going to die any minute. How could you do this to me?"

The mother said, "Here is some very tasty and nourishing food, all you have to do is come get it."

"Come get it!" said the baby, with much anger. "How?"

The mother flew away.

The baby cried and cried and cried.

A few days later, "Im going to end it all," he said. "I give up. It is time for me to die."

He didnt know his mother was nearby. She swooped down to the nest with his last meal.

"Eat this, its your last meal," she said.

The baby cried, but he ate and whined and whined about what a bad mother she was.

"Youre a terrible mother," he said. Then she pushed him out of the nest.

He fell.

Head first.

Picked up speed.

Faster and faster.

He screamed. "Im dying Im dying," he cried. He picked up more speed.

He looked up at his mother. "How could you do this to me?"

He looked down.

The ground rushed closer, faster and faster. He could visualize his own death so clearly, coming so soon, and cried and whined and complained. "This isnt fair!" he screamed.

Something strange happens.

The air caught behind his arms and they snapped away from his body, with a feeling unlike anything he had ever experienced. He looked down and saw the sky. He wasnt moving towards the ground anymore, his eyes were pointed up at the sun.

"Huh?" he said. "What is going on here!"

"Youre flying," his mother said.

"This is fun!" laughed the baby eagle, as he soared and ped and swooped.

"Yes it is!" said the mother.

[英语作文阅读：The Three Fishermen

We all known that reading should focus on method, but what methods are good for reading? Firstly, the difficulty of the book you read should be moderate. Too difficult or too easy are not so good.

If you find a book is too difficult to read, just put it aside and find an easier one instead. Secondly, read the books that are beneficial for you, which can help you in your career as well as in life. Thirdly, for those simple books or those without deep meanings, you can scan over them, but for those meaningful and beneficial, you should read them intensively and remember to take notes.

Finally, dont be shy to ask questions, because anyone could be your teacher. These approaches are general ones and each of you should have your own reading methods that make your reading fruitful.

In this modern materialistic world, the majority of people are in hot pursuit of material gains, and money is considered the most valuable thing of all, which, personally speaking, is quite superficial. As far as I am concerned,readingis much more valuable than anything else, for it can benefit us in many ways. The old saying, “to open a book is always beneficial” vividly shows how valuable reading is.

Firstly, it goes beyond doubt that reading is a very important way to gain knowledge. Reading is like travelling, the process of which enables you to experience the colorful world and enlarge your eyes scope. By reading history books, you can understand how a regime prospers or collapses, helping you draw useful lessons and develop more wisdom. By reading books of science, you can keep yourself informed in the field of scientific endeavors, thus appreciating how science creates wonders. In a word, reading can enrich your knowledge and get whatever information you need.

In addition, you can get mental encouragement from reading and improve yourself in all aspects. For instance, the stories of well-known people in books help turn an aimless person into an ambitious one, setting up a short or long-term goal for himself. If the daily troubles make you feel desperate, then you will be mentally stroked and encouraged by reading how famous people such as Beethoven made miracles in the face of insurmountable difficulties. Books are a great source of mental encouragement, giving you motives to move forward.

Finally, reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our joy when we are in high spirits, and lessens our sorrow when we are discouraged. Reading will always bring us enjoyment and satisfaction. Good books also serve as gentle companions or faithful friends that will never betray us. While reading, we don’t feel lonely. Books are ready to give us whatever we need such as knowledge, friendship and encouragement.

To sum up, reading is undoubtedly beneficial to you. To open a book is like opening a door, through which you will enter a museum, where all man-made wonders and unique wisdoms are available for you to appreciate; to open a book is like opening a window, through which you can enjoy fresh air、blue sky and wonderful natural landscapes , making you feel refreshed

在这个现代唯物主义的世界,大多数人在炎热的追求物质财富,和金钱被认为是最有价值的东西的,就个人来说,是相当肤浅的。就我而言,读书比任何其他更有价值,因为它可以我们在很多方面获益。俗话说,“打开一本书总是有益”生动地展示了如何有价值的阅读。

首先,它超越怀疑阅读是一个非常重要的方式来获得知识。阅读是喜欢旅行的过程,使您体验到丰富多彩的世界,扩大你的眼睛。通过阅读历史书,你可以了解一个政权繁荣或崩溃,帮助你得出有用的经验和开发更多的智慧。通过科学的读书,可以让自己了解领域的科学努力,因此升值如何科学创造奇迹。总之,阅读可以丰富你的知识和得到任何你需要的信息。

此外,你可以得到精神的鼓励阅读和提高自己在各方面。例如,著名的人的故事书帮助把一个漫无目的的人变成一个雄心勃勃的人,为自己建立一个短期或长期目标。如果日常烦恼让你感到绝望,那么你将会精神上抚摸,鼓励通过阅读名人如贝多芬如何制造奇迹的不可逾越的困难。书是一个伟大的精神鼓励,给你动机前进。

最后,读好书是生活中最大的乐趣之一。它增加我们的快乐当我们情绪高涨,和减少我们的悲伤当我们气馁。阅读总是给我们带来快乐和满足。好书也作为温和的同伴或忠实的朋友,永远不会背叛我们。在阅读时,我们不感到孤独。书是准备给我们任何我们需要如知识、友谊和鼓励。

总之,阅读无疑是有益的。打开一本书就像打开一扇门,通过它你将进入博物馆,所有人造奇迹和独特的智慧可供你欣赏,打开一本书就像打开一个窗口,通过它你可以享受新鲜的空气,蓝色的天空和奇妙的自然景观,使你感到舒畅

Reading is good I used to think of not be good, but, after this time, I know how much the place.

Thing is this: once, when I sitting at home reading, I read the tasteless, read for a long time I think read book is very interesting, I also learned a lot of knowledge. As I think of a once in a composition of the book in a word, this word make the article more vivid, also let my article received high praise, I am very happy, so I must read more in the future. Let their writing level is higher.

In fact, reading a lot of benefits, like can greatly extend our imagination, still can make our life more colorful, and so on. The benefits of reading have so many, we must read more books!

读书的好我以前都认为读书没什么好处，可是，经过这一次，我知道了处有多少了。

事情是这样的：有一次，我坐在家里读书，我无味的读着，读了很久我就觉的读书很有意思，我也学到了很多的知识。就在一次作文中我想到了一句曾经书中的一句话，这一句话让文章变得更生动了，也让我的文章得到了好评，我很高兴，所以我以后一定要多看书。让自己的写作水平更高。

其实，读书还有很多的好处，像可以大大扩展我们的想象力，还可以让我们的生活更精彩，等等等等。读书的好处有这么多，我们一定要多读书呀!

说起暑假阅读书籍，是暑假生活中让我觉得最快乐又有意义的一件事。

通过阅读，我不仅增长了许多知识，而且也培养了阅读的兴趣，重要的是从中获得了许多的乐趣。

“书籍是人类的营养品”。读一本好书胜过交十个好朋友。每天晚上做完作业，我拿出自己喜欢的书籍，就津津有味的看起来。阅读，让我学到许多知识，烦恼时，安静的读一本书，让心中的烦恼，随着读书的时间悄然离去;欢乐时，快乐的读一本书，让自己的心情更加的开朗。阅读让我感受到一种独特的快乐!也许有些人会说：“你业余时间不休息啊，就一直看书啊?”那我告诉你：“不一定玩电脑、看电视就是休息，阅读也是一种很好休息的方式!”在阅读中人的大脑和身体也会得到很好的休息，阅读时没有太多的杂念，只知道，什么是好的，什么是坏的，什么可以去做，什么不可以去做。只要我们每天挤出一点时间阅读，那你的视野和知识面就会得到提高，而时间就不会白白浪费了，因为我觉得，浪费时间是一生中最后悔的事情。

暑假阅读书籍，不仅拓宽了我的视野，而且让我体会到了，原来阅读书籍，还可以如此的有趣，如此的快乐。让我们捧起书籍，在知识的海洋里遨游吧!

[关于暑假阅读书籍作文推荐

导语：我们现在是个平等的时代，可是常常发生男女不平等的事情，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Most people, even women themselves, believe that women in China have achieved equality. They think women now "have held up half the sky." They can take up almost all the professions once only occupied by men, and can even receive equal pay for equal work. Despite the enormous strides women have made,I argue that Chinese women still have a long way to go in their struggle for real equality in every field of the society.

Needless to say, attitudes are more difficult to change than laws. In principle, womens liberation or equality is no longer a problem, and women are entitled to compete with men for jobs on equal terms. But in practice, women are still thought of as in ferior that cannot take up responsible jobs. Cases of sexual discrimination are often heard of. The situation is even worse now when the market oriented economy is adopted and personal abilities, both physical and intellectual, are increasingly stressed. No longer can the government influence the employment policies of enterprises, which are now in favor of male applicants. On the job market, many companies and factories are unwilling to employ girl graduates because they dont want to spend time and money training them while taking the risk of their leaving to have children after they get married. When employment rate drops,women workers are usually the first to be laid off. In Shanghai,for example, many female workers merely over forty are forced to return home or retire. They account for nearly 90 percent of the people out of work. Even if they are allowed to continue to work until the legal age for retirement, their chances of promotion are much more slim than their male counterparts. Even in the government, despite its commitment to womens equality,women have progressed slowly in gaining access to political power. There is no woman among the seven members of the Standing Committee in the Political Bureau, no woman in the governmental ministerial positions. Doubts as to womens capability are deeply rooted in Chinese culture.To be honest, in my opinion, women are no less competent than men. But the double burden they have to carry inside and outside home renders it impossible for them to make full use of their knowledge and talents. Much of their energy is spent bandling the conflicting demands of career and family. Even if they hold leadership positions, they are still expected to do most of the household chores. This leaves them less time than men for their duties at work. Tortured by self-fulfillment and family responsibility, Chinese women are always taught to sacrifice themselves.

The picture of womens liberty is not quite that rosy. Paid maternity leave or few cases of female leadership mean nothing.The resistance to treat women as equals of men is profound and stubborn so that equality continues to be the long term goal of Chinese women.

【参考译文】

大多数人，即使是女人自己，认为妇女在中国已实现了平等。他们认为妇女现在“占了半边天”，她们几乎可以承担所有被男人占领的职业，甚至可以得到同工同酬。尽管女性取得了巨大进步，我认为中国女性在社会各个领域争取真正平等的道路还有很长的路要走。

不用说，态度比法律更难改变。原则上，妇女的解放或平等不再是一个问题，妇女有权与男子平等竞争的工作。但在实践中，女性仍然认为是劣质不能采取了负责的工作。性歧视案件经常听到。现在市场化的经济被采用，个人的能力越来越受到重视，无论是体力还是智力，这种情况更为严重。政府再也不能影响企业的就业政策，而现在这些政策对男性申请人有利。在就业市场上，许多公司和工厂不愿意雇用女毕业生，因为他们不想花时间和金钱培训他们，而他们离开的风险，他们有孩子后，他们结婚。当就业率下降时，女工通常最先下岗。例如，在上海，许多女性工人仅仅四十多岁就被迫回家或退休。他们占了近百分之90的人失业。即使他们被允许继续工作，直到法定退休年龄，他们晋升的机会比男性同行要小得多。即使在政府，尽管它致力于妇女的平等，妇女已经取得了进展缓慢获得政治权力。在政治局常委中，没有七名妇女，没有政府部长职位的妇女。对妇女能力的怀疑深深植根于中国文化中，老实说，在我看来，女人也不比男人更有能力。但他们不得不背负着国内外的双重负担，使他们不可能充分利用他们的知识和才能。他们的大部分精力都花在了处理事业和家庭矛盾的要求。即使他们担任领导职务，他们仍有望做大部分家务活。这使得他们在工作上的时间比男人少。受自我实现和家庭责任的折磨，中国妇女总是被教导牺牲自己。

妇女自由的画面并不那么乐观。有薪产假或少数女性领导没有什么意义，对男女平等的抵制是深刻而固执的，平等是中国女性的长期目标。

1.英语作文：平等的重要性

2.高考英语作文：教育重要性之我见

3.高考英语作文：教育重要性

4.健康的重要性英语满分作文

5.英语作文：机遇的重要性

6.社交能力的重要性英语作文

7.高考英语作文:睡眠的重要性

8.英语作文：EQ情商的重要性

“英语说明文”，顾名思义，就是一种以“说明、解释”为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等等做科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度增大了。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。

一、说明文阅读理解的特征 一般说来，英语说明文与其它文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即Who→What→When→Where→How→Why。

1. Who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）

2. What：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）

3. When和Where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）

4. How：通过什么方式表现出来的？

5. Why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做说明文阅读阅读的时候，一定要记住上面的Wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。

二．说明文阅读理解的类型 掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。一般来说，高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种：

1. 细节理解题

说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。命题区域都有其共同点。⑴在列举处命题。如用First(1y)、Second(1y)、Third(1y)Finally、not only…but also、then、in addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。⑵在例证处命题。句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证，这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。⑶在转折对比处命题。一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导，命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。⑷在比较处命题。无端的比较、

相反的比较、偷换对象的比较，经常出现在干扰项中，考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较，才能顺利地排除干扰。⑸在复杂句中命题。包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等，命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。

细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到出处，只要仔细就可以在文中找到答案。但正确的选择项不可能与阅读材料的原文完全相同，而是用不同的语句成句型表达相同的意思。

2. 语义猜测题 说明文为了把自然规律，事物的性质等介绍清楚或把事理阐述明白，因此学术性强的生词较多，所以常进行生词词义判断题的考查。命题方式多以The underlined part “…” in Paragraph…refers to….或What does the underlined word mean?或What is the meaning of the underlined word?为设问方式。解题时考生应认真阅读原文，分析其对某些科学原理是如何定义、如何解释的，并以此为突破口抽象概括出生词词义。也可以通过上下文来猜测某个陌生词语的语意。或者找出某个词语在文章中的同义词。要注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。说明文在阐述说明对象时易发生动作变换、人称转变的现象，这类题目常以 it，they，them 等代词为命题点，因此考生要根据上下文语境，认真阅读原文，分析动作转换背景，弄清动作不同执行者，以便准确判断代词的其实际指代对象。

3. 主旨理解题

说明文常用文章大意判断题考查考生对通篇文意的理解。即对文章的主题或中心意思的概括和归纳。主要考查考生对文章的整体理解能力。命题形式常以This passage mainly talks about ____.What is the main idea of the passage?为设问方式。这种试题多以This passage mainly talks about the major

surprising findings about….为回答方法。答题时首先阅读题干，掌握问题的类型，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。

4. 判断推理题。

这种试题常以The passage is intended to...(2) The author suggests that...(3) The story implies that…(4) Which point of view may the author agree to?(5) From the passage we can conclude that...(6) The purpose of the passage is to...为设问方式。这种题型的答案在原文中不是直接就能找到的，它要求考生进行合理的推断。如因果关系，文中的某些用词、语气也往往具有隐含意义，考生要将这种含义读出来。说明文常出现图示判断题，这种试题可以事物之间正确的依赖关系为命题点，要求考生判断其正确的流程顺序相互关系等。考生一定要认真阅读原文，并对照原文介绍的情况，弄清图示的差异，根据题干需要最终做出正确判断。如：动物介绍性说明文常出现动物能力判断题，考查考生对特定动物所具有能力的判断。解题时考生应认真阅读原文对动物形态活动能力的判断，了解动物的生存环境和是否会使用工具，是否善于爬行、飞翔和游泳等。

观点态度题也是判断推理题考查的内容之一。说明文的对象为客观事实,但设题以议论的表达方式抒发对该说明对象的想法。如对某种新发明的赞赏,或对某个事物的批判。这类题目常见的题干表达方式有"What was the author?s attitude towards ...?" 等。

【实例探究】 Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of "desertification". This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.

【问题设计】

According to the passage which is NOT likely to cause "desertification"?

A. Climate changes. B. Cutting down trees.

C. Digging up grass. D. Saving water.

English is the most popular language in the world, and it is also most widely spoken of all the language. It is mother tongue in many important countries, such as the USA,England, Australia and so on. In India, Though it is not the mother tongue, it ‘sthe important offical language.

In China, English is spoken as an important and useful foreign language. The 2008 Olympics will be hosted in Beijing. Many foreigners will come to China. We should try our best to serve the Olympics. For example, we can help the foreign visitors if we learn English well.

[英语作文学习英语的重要性

碎片阅读是一种读者通过手机、电子书、网络等进行的不完整的、断断续续的阅读模式。下面语文迷小编为大家提供了碎片阅读的好处英语作文，希望对你有帮助。

Many people read on digital devices like cell phones and e-books. The fast pace of life leaves many people no time to sit and read a whole book, so making use of fragmented time to read is sure to be a trend. Fragmented reading has its advantages. People can get hold of large amounts of information, knowledge, and entertainment in a short time. Digital reading is faster and more interactive than traditional deep reading.

Fragmented reading makes it harder for people to reflect on what they read. People may not bother to remember facts because they know they can always just search for answers online. It is important to read quality books in a deeper way, even if that means forcing yourself to do so. We read not only for knowledge and for practical use, but also for spiritual satisfaction.

As a correspondent of the Qingdao Morning News, I visited Dr. James Gilman, the President of the International Committee for Marco Polo Studies in England. In this picture, this is James, and this is me and we are looking at a dragon’s tooth. This is a true story.

65 years ago, James lived in Qingdao. Then he was only 5 years old. He often visited the Aquarium and was fascinated by a creature on display there, which he thought was a dragon. He was afraid of its sharp teeth and wanted one to keep as a treasure.

In the late 1930s, when the Japanese occupied Qingdao, his family had to leave. On his last day in Qingdao, he ran to the Aquarium and pulled out one of the teeth from the dragon’s mouth.

He kept the tooth for the next 65 years, but the feeling of guilt at having stolen it was there in the background all through his life. It was always on his conscience, and the feeling intensified as he became older. Finally he decided to put right his childish error. In 2002, he visited Qingdao and returned it to the Aquarium with his sincere apologies. He received a warm welcome.

When James visited Qingdao, I accompanied him all the time and reported on his visit. I was deeply touched by his honesty. It has taught me a lot. I think to err is human. The important thing is to have the courage to admit and correct one’s error.

Honesty is a vital quality of human behaviour. So we should try to keep an honest mind in everything we say and do. I would like to say to all of my friends: Let’s be honest people of good moral character.