小学英语游戏活动教学(汇总20篇)
童年的游戏真是趣味无穷。它不但丰富了我们的生活,还培养了我们的灵活应变能力,下面是小编收集整理的《童年的游戏》作文,希望对您有所帮助!如果你觉得不错的话,欢迎分享!
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6015作文
1000写一封信小学英语
全文共 941 字
+ 加入清单Dear Freshmen,
I, the undersigned, am a senior in the Computer Science Department of Tsinghua University. I would like to say a few words to you, which I hope would be helpful to you.
To begin with, the change of ideas is of most importance for freshmen to adapt themselves to campus life. During the middle school days, we usually depend upon our teachers at school and parents at home.
However, the life and study on university campus features independence, which is essential to our psychological development. In my view, we had better always bear in mind the idea of independence.
What’s more, English learning is a must. On one hand, without CET 4 certificate, we can not get our degree when we graduate from university. On the other hand, when we hunt for job, English level is a deciding factor. Therefore, I do hope that all of you will have a good understanding of the necessity of learning English well.
Good Luck to you!
Sincerely Yours
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篇1:感恩父母英语小学
全文共 1785 字
+ 加入清单Parents love is the most selfless and pure love in heaven. Birds do not fly, can only open his mouth to her mother to feed food, birds mother all the way for the birds to find food, but they could not bear to eat, this is called maternal love my mother is the same, she never stopped from my birth Love for me, when I was still toddler, not only can not share for the mother, but will only add endless trouble to her, such as: broken vases, playing a knife to hurt their own, and so often, mom Always distressed endless, but never any blame and blame. This is great maternal love. -
My mother gave me a lot of love, but sometimes I can not understand, or even misunderstanding ... ... Once, my mother let me do a few math problems, there is a question I puzzled, go to ask her mother, she told me Most of the day I still do not do, my mother was his head in his hand, secretly lost tears, although I did not cry out the sound, but the tears or a string of string down, I think: mother too do not understand Our childrens mind, and play is the childs nature, learning is secondary, why do you see so heavy mother? -
Another time, I made a dish, I think: Although children do not eat rice but the parents will say delicious. Can be a mother to eat a mouth to cover his mouth to the toilet, I asked her: "delicious?" "Not good!" Mother replied. The voice faded, I cried and said: "Why, other peoples mother to eat their own daughter to do the dishes, said delicious, but you said no good, I have no confidence." Mother listened to earnestly said: "If I want to make you happy and not tell the truth, you do not know the truth, become arrogant, so you not only can not progress, but will regress." I thought, or do not understand why my mother would think so, It is not the kind of person ah
篇2:我的学校小学四年级英语作文
全文共 1156 字
+ 加入清单Time flies. In the past six years, primary like by the breeze. May the joy of my school to make my unforgettable. It is recorded in the process of growing I recorded my dribs and drabs, after the success of joy, also with my hard sweat...
Remember the sports meeting, our class in the class, and sports scores and back to the moral FengShangJiang two awards. This news, as a member of the class is glad I. "Because," the relay a key for my class won the honour.
Until now, I even never chu remember classmates in the preparation of the determination and the spirit of striving, when there is a classmate off, they quickly grabbed the baton toward the opposite end, every student rushed the look in the eyes are filled with firmness: it is certain to win. In the game of "red-hot", in the first player to finish in the "go" by NaHanSheng neutralization of cheering, we won!
When the footprints on the school playground strings, when the sunset dyed red in the face, we when we heartily cheers and flip the moment, are deeply in my memory album frames. The red in the face and smile and smile and even the waist. I know, that is the joy of success to my school.
篇3:小学4年级英语写一封信
全文共 1008 字
+ 加入清单16 April 2006
Dear Sir,
I am working on a new project which is called A Survey of New Industry in the Maywood District. According to the design of our district, we need information about firms that have recently moved into this area. Your firm is one of the largest of these, so I shall be very grateful if you can spare the time to help me.
Three points are specially important to the project. The first one is the training schemes for school leavers. The second one is about the transport arrangements to overcome poor road and rail links in this district. The third is the plans for expansion.
Any other information will be useful, but those points are the ones with which I most need your help.
I am enclosing an information form for you to fill in. I hope you can post it to us as soon as possible. I apologize for adding to your work with this request, but I do hope that you will feel able to assist me.
I would be most grateful for your favorable consideration of this request.
Yours faithfully,
Mary Spencer
篇4:寻宝游戏小学作文500字
全文共 602 字
+ 加入清单俗话说:“玩是孩子的天性。”生活中,我们经常玩耍,有各种各样的形式,比如:打球、跑步、看电视、做游戏……其中,最令我记忆犹新,还属在草原上玩寻宝游戏。
那天下午,导游宣布一个好消息:今天下午,我们玩寻宝游戏。听到这个消息,大家都欢呼起来,一个个跃跃欲试。导游给我们讲解游戏规则:大家分散开来,寻找有字的小白旗。找到白旗后,根据上面的提示就可以找到宝贝。
导游一声令下,同学们如脱缰的野马一样奔驰到草原的各个角落。但是,要想在一望无际而又茫茫一片的草原中找到连手掌大都不到的小旗,又谈何容易?找到的可能性是沧海一粟吧!我深知游戏的困难,便将身子俯在地上,小心翼翼地寻找着。突然,前面出现了一个小水洼。我一不小心,身子偏离重心,狠狠地摔进了水洼里,溅得满身是泥,那样子滑稽极了,像个落汤鸡!也许是老天爷对它用水洼捉弄我心怀歉意,终于让我找到一面白旗。上面只有四个字母:WDIA。我看得一头雾水,心想:老天啊!好不容易才找到小旗,你居然还要出个谜语耍我?难道是让我挖地?我自言自语道。
说干就干,我先用一根竹竿拨动泥土,可是这种方法也太慢了,干脆不顾自己形象地用手刨起来。功夫不负有心人,我终于找到一个盒子。打开一看,里面是一个靴子状的笔筒。我欢呼起来:我寻到宝了!我寻到宝了!
后来,其他同学也纷纷寻找到宝贝,大家在欢声笑语中结束了这场寻宝游戏。这次游戏不仅让我们收获了物品,更收获了乐趣!
[寻宝游戏小学作文500字
篇5:小学语文教学的读书笔记
全文共 1583 字
+ 加入清单美国教育家杜威曾说过:“给孩子一个什么样的教育,就意味着给孩子一个什么样的生活!”作为五年级语文教师的我,也不断在反思:应该给孩子一个什么样的语文课堂?如何让孩子在我的课堂上感受到语文的魅力,培养对语文的热爱?我觉得一节好的语文课可以体现在以下两个方面:
一、 在情感共鸣中学习语文。
苏霍姆林斯基说过:“学校里的学习,不是毫无热情地把知识从一个头脑里装进另一个头脑里而是师生之间每时每刻都在进行心灵的接触。”教学当中的“情”犹如教与学双边活动的“催化剂”,有了它,学生才会在教师的点拨下进入课文佳境。例如《母亲的呼唤》一课,以"母亲的呼唤"为线索,写了作者儿时的三件小事,平凡真实,感人至深。在教学中,为了让学生与作者在情感上产生共鸣,我设计了一段充满激情的导语:“有一个人,你永远占据在她心最柔软的地方,她愿意用一生来爱你,这个人叫母亲。让我们深情地呼唤她的名字——母亲。母亲,多么熟悉的字眼,从小到大,母亲给了我们无穷的关怀和疼爱,让我们带着感恩的心,再一次深情地呼唤——母亲。随着岁月的流逝,母亲一天天变老,然而,永远不变的是母亲那一声声悠长而温暖的呼唤——母亲的呼唤。母亲的呼唤,是世界上最美丽的声音。今天,让我们一起走进《母亲的呼唤》这篇课文,再次感受一下母亲的呼唤里包含的爱和暖。”简短的一段话,开启了学生感情的闸门。正是基于对自己母亲的热爱,学生才渐渐走进了作者的心灵,与作者产生了强烈的情感共鸣,对理解课文起到了强有力的推动作用。
二、重视情境创设,激发学习兴趣。
《新课标》明确指出:“教师要通过教学情境的创设,以任务驱动学习,激活学生已有的经验,指导学生体验和感悟学习内容。”一年多的语文教学,让我对这句话有了深刻的体验。的确,语文教学离不开情境,在课堂上,如何有效地把学生带入一个有声、有色、有情、有形的情境世界呢?我觉得不妨从以下几方面展开:
1、让孩子去“展示自己”。
课堂上,教师要大胆地让学生去体验,去探索,去感悟,去尽情地展示自己。每学习一篇新课文前,我都鼓励学生尽可能地搜集与课文内容相关的知识。上课时,同学们都希望把自己的成果展示给大家,这样,无论是在课内还是课外,学生们都表现得十分积极,而且极大的丰富了知识的储备量。
2、引领孩子去读书。
叶圣陶先生曾说过:“教材无非是例子。”那么,利用好例子教给学生学习方法之后,接下来的应该是大量的实践,只有在实践中,学生的能力才能不断练习、巩固、提高。基于这个思想,我经常搜集课外阅读材料,推荐给学生阅读。另外,我还结合教材所涉及到的内容,有目的地组织学生开展课外阅读,使学生尽量领悟不同类型的文章的写作技巧;同时,鼓励学生阅读中外儿童名著,领略书中的精妙所在。我们班还设立了图书角,让同学们捐赠出自己喜爱的图书,作为公共资源分享给更多的同学,丰富了学生们的课外阅读。
3、引进生活的活水。
于漪老师提出:“语文应和生活相联系,把语文学习挤到狭小的课堂里,挤到无穷无尽的练习中,学生几乎不读书不看报,与自然接触少,与社会接触少,学语文的源头活水被堵塞,积淀储存少得可怜,又怎能学好语文呢?”所以在教学中经常引进生活的活水,运用多种课型,采取多种生动活泼的教学形式,可以充分调动、激发学生的学习兴趣。语文课堂教学以及自己短短的语文教学经历,特别是在整体批阅了学生的作文之后,我真正地意识到:小学语文学习离不开生活,只有学生把在课本中学到的知识用到对周围生活的观察、品味、描写中,才能真正地学好语文、用好语文。因此,我不断鼓励我的学生坚持观察周围的一切,要养成从生活中汲取养分的好习惯,我有意识地引导学生在生活中学习语文,使孩子们深切地感受到:语文离他们很近很近。我想信,久而久之,生活中的一切都会演变成学生学好语文、用好语文的丰富资源。
总之,我期盼着:我的语文课堂会变成孩子们学习知识、放飞梦想的理想舞台。
篇6:小学英语日记带翻译
全文共 3192 字
+ 加入清单又到期末考试了,接下来小编为你带来小学英语日记10篇带翻译,希望对你有帮助。
2010年11月14日 星期日 天气:晴
1. I went shopping with Li Mei. We left at 10 oclock in the morning. When we got to the downtown, there were so many people. It was so crowded as it was a beautiful day and it was Sunday. I didnt buy anything because everything was very expensive.
2. I didnt go anywhere today. I stayed at home doing my homework and helping my mother with housework. I realised it was not easy to do so much housework all by oneself. I should help mother more in the future.
3. I read an article today. It was about how people should try their best to save water. Water is very important for human being but some people are just wasting water. They dont turn off the tap after they finish using it. We should do better to save water.
4. My father took me out fishing today. At the beginning, we spent a long time waiting there but there was no fish. I was very impatient and didnt want to stay there. I wanted to come home. Father said to me, "Dont give up everything easily. We should keep on trying hard".
5. I went to the Peoples Park with my family today. We had picnic in the park. My mother and grandparents were preparing food, father was playing badminton with his friend while I was reading under a tree.
6. Mingming came to my house today. We spent some time playing computer games. We played basketball game online. I chose NBA and Mingming had to take CBA. Of course, I won finally. We had a good time.
7. I went to visit one of our teachers with some of my classmates this morning. Miss Jones is our English teacher and she likes all the classmates. She tried so hard to help us to improve our English. We went to her flat and had lunch there with her. We had a good time.
8. I went to see a film in the cinema this evening. It was called Kong Fu Panda. I love this film. It is funny but I also learned something from the film. We should not give up things easily. We should have a good plan and make up our mind to make our dream come true.
9. Xiaomei and I went out this morning. We went to the city centre. We went window shopping, and then we had lunch at the restaurant. We didnt buy anything as we didnt have much money, but we still had a wonderful time.
10. Holiday nearly comes to the ead now. I am very happy because I have already finished my homework. I also helped my mother with some housework this summer holiday. I believe I have grown up now and should know what I should be in the future. I will try harder to study well and be a good person.
翻译:
1. 我跟李梅去逛街。我们早上10点出发。当我们到闹市区时,好多人啊。因为今天是星期天,天气又很好。我没有买什么东西,因为太贵了。
2. 我今天什么地方也没有去。在家帮妈妈做家务。我认识到,一个人做家务不容易。以后我要多帮妈妈的忙。
3. 我今天读了一篇文章,是关于人们应该尽量节约用说的。水对人类太重要了。可是有些人却只是在浪费水。他们用完水不管龙头。我们应该做的更好来节约用说。
4. 我父亲今天带我去钓鱼。一开始,我们花了好长时间都没有鱼。我很不耐烦,不想等了,想回家。爸爸对我说,做什么事情都不要轻易废弃。我们应该继续努力。
5. 今天我跟家人去公园。我们在公园野餐。我妈妈和爷爷奶奶准备吃的。爸爸跟朋友在打羽毛球,我在树下看书。
6. 明明今天来我家。我们一起玩电脑游戏。我们打在线篮球游戏。我选NBA 球队,明明只能选CBA球队。当然,我赢了。我们玩的很开心。
7. 今天早上我跟同学去看了我们老师。Jones小姐是我们的英语来时。她对每个学生都很好。他花了很大力来帮我们供给我们的英语。我们去了她的公寓,一起吃了午餐。我们过的很开心I
8. 今天晚上我去电影院看了电影。影片教《工夫熊猫》。我爱好这部电影。很有趣可我也学到了一些东西。我们不应该轻易废弃。我们应该做个好规划,下定决心,实现梦想。
9. 今天上午我和小梅出去了。我们去了市中心。我们去逛街然后到餐馆吃饭。我们没有没东西,因为我们没有多少钱,可是我们过的很开心。
10. 假期很快过去了。我很开心因为我已经做完作业了。我还帮妈妈所了家务。我想我已经长大了,应该长大将来要做什么。我要更努力学习,将来做个好人。
篇7:小学作文:有趣的春节活动
全文共 720 字
+ 加入清单1月17日,我们一家人去老竹镇沙溪村参加“莲都区农家乐春节风俗体验活动”,这次活动让我感受到了浓浓的过年的氛围。
一到沙溪村,看到路旁彩旗飘飘,人头攒动,把小路挤得水泄不通。人们拎着年货,脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容,好一派过年的景象!忽然网 ,一股香气扑鼻而来,循着香味走去,我们来到了做米糖的体验地点。只见师傅将糖油倒进锅中煮沸,再将炸好的脆米倒入锅中搅拌,之后将这些脆米放入一个模具中压平,用刀切成一块块,让风将其晾干,甜甜的米糖便做好了。
沿着乡村小道继续向前,又看见炸番薯片的地点,我们自然也一饱了口福。接着,我们来到了包粽子的场地。已有很多人在那儿包了。我小心翼翼地拿起粽皮,开始时对粽皮束手无策,后来经过一位大娘的指导,终于学会了这门技术。我先把它折成锥形,再往里面放糯米、咸菜和猪肉,然后将粽皮包严实了,最后用棕榈绳绑住,就大功告成了。
这次活动还有许许多多的体验项目,如打麻糍、炊糖糕、炸爆米花……其中我觉得最有趣的还是磨豆浆了。走近磨豆浆的体验场地,只见一群小朋友围着一个石磨议论纷纷。我好奇地走过去,原来是农家磨豆浆用的石磨。我上前抓住木头长柄,用尽全身力气向前推,石磨还是纹丝不动。我百思不得其解,难道是我的力气还不够大?我正纳闷着,一旁的爸爸向我讲解推石磨的要领。首先抓住长柄,向逆时针方向推动,推到超过二分之一圈时,身子向后仰,将长柄使劲往后拉,石磨就一圈一圈地转动了,当石磨里的黄豆不够时,再往石磨的孔里加黄豆。瞧!沿着石槽滑至碗中的乳白色液体便是豆浆的原身。再把这些液体放入大锅里煮,煮出来的就是香喷喷的豆浆了。经过一段时间的练习,我终于掌握了技巧。我还品尝了自己的劳动成果,觉得这豆浆分外的甜。
[小学作文:有趣的春节活动
篇8:关于游戏小学四年级作文
全文共 607 字
+ 加入清单今天,天气虽很冷,但院子里到处都是小伙伴们在玩,有的骑自行车,有的打羽毛球,有的跳绳,我和贝贝、小明等六名小朋友玩得却是一种新游戏——左右开弓。
左右开弓是什么意思?就是左手、右手各拿一只球拍,拍一个乒乓球,先把球往地上一抛,再左手、右手开弓,开弓就是打,打几个就得几分。
第一个上场的是贝贝,只见贝贝脱下棉衣,使劲地搓了搓双手,又朝球拍和双手哈了一口热“仙气”,然后弓着腰,瞪大眼睛把球往地上一抛,球拍还没挨着球,哎,球跑了,弄得我们哈哈大笑,贝贝羞得满脸通红。第二个上场的是我,我急得像热锅上的蚂蚁,不知所措,因为我以前从来都没玩过这种游戏,大家看着我慢吞吞地不敢上场,于是都喊着:“王杰,加油!王杰,加油!”我在大家的呐喊声中硬着头皮走上去,拿着球拍的手不停发抖,像贝贝一样,没弄明白是啥回事,球同样跑了,我当时恨死球了。轮到小明了,他一抛,球只听它的命令,乖乖地听他的话,不歪不斜像连了线一样的溜溜球,大家的眼睛都盯着他和球,球在跳动,大家的眼珠也在不停地转动,看得我们都头晕了,等他左右开弓打到153的时候,球跑了出来,跑到地上去睡觉了,大概是球被他打晕了。接着后面的几个朋友也都只打几个,经过几个回合,最后小明得了第一名,拿走了奖牌。我得了第六名,不过,我觉得我左右开弓的水平提高了许多。
通过这次活动,使我知道我们只要平时多参加各项活动,并多练习,就会熟能生巧,成为别人学习的榜样。
篇9:小学语文教学的读书笔记
全文共 598 字
+ 加入清单在我所教的班级里,有一个学生在日记里这样问道:“老师,你为什么没有领着我们一句一句地来分析课文呢?我认为你应讲得再细点,这样我们会理解得更好。”这说明学生已正在由过去的被动接受、消极存贮知识的“记忆仓库”向敢于质疑、敢于发表不同见解、敢于反驳老师的新型学生转变。
今日的小学语文教育无疑加强了对学生表达能力的培养,这在他们的口头表达上更突出一些。不论是开学时的自我介绍,还是课堂上的发言都已证明了这一点。
此外,小学语文教学对学生的朗读训练也初见成效。
应该说现在的小学语文教学与过去“应试教育”时的教学相比,更注重对学生能力的训练与培养,但在其中我们还是觉得有几点不足:
第一,拼音教学还有待提高,这一问题在近几届的学生身上都有很明显的表现。例如:韵母iou、uei、uen在前面加上声母进行拼写的时候,应写成iu、ui、un,而很多学生却仍把中间的字母拼写上去。再如以“i”开头的韵母,如拼写时前面没有声母,应把“i”大写,如“夜”应拼成“Ye”而不是“Yie”等等。
第二,常用字词掌握不准确。如“以”、“已”的用法不分,经常错写成“以经”、“已后”。总之,错别字现象较为普遍,因为先
入为主,这些错误在初中阶段纠正起来很困难。
第三,小学语文教学还应该进一步加强对学生观察力及领悟能力的培养,让学生多体验生活。这方面的不足主要表现在学生作文时,无论写家庭生活还是写学校生活,选材仍然狭窄,内容也不新鲜。
篇10:对小学作文教学改革的三点思考
全文共 4789 字
+ 加入清单一、提前作文的可能性
低段作文提前起步,是当前很多小学改革作文教学的重要举措。低段学生能写作文吗?或者说,提前作文的理论和现实的可能性如何?回答上述问题,先要从口语和书面语的异同谈起。传统的语言学论著认为,书面语是口语的记录符号,是口语的一种记录形式,先有语言(口语),后有文字。最近的研究表明,口语和书面语历史起源是同步的,但功能不一样,口语起源于呼喊,文字发轫于涂鸦,新石器时代原始人在岩洞、陶瓷、泥土上所刻画的象形符号,可能是世界各国文字的最初形态。口语是听觉符号,主要负责日常交际;书面语是视觉符号,主要表达心中的意象。从文字起源的角度看,口语和书面语虽有联系,但却是两种功能和性质不同的符号系统,是可以分开学习的。
这种既同步又分离的关系在个体语言发展的特例中也能找到依据。例如,幼儿在学说话的时候,就可以同时认识汉字、符号和图形。有时候幼儿不会说某个单词,却能指认汉字和图形。又如,过去农村的村书记和村长大多是文盲,大字不识一斗,说起话来却滔滔不绝,逻辑严密,很能服人;相反,聋哑人从小不会说话,却能学习文字,用手势语和书面语与他人交流,也能基本满足日常生活和学习的需要。
在中小学就读的学生都是健全的孩子,从小生活在充斥着书面语的现代文明社会,口语和书面语发展完全分离的现象很少见到了。笔者有个假定,每个孩子生下来就具备学习所有语言文字的潜能,孩子口语超前、书面语滞后的状况是生活和教育等后天因素造成的。因此,语文教学的任务就是,在儿童已有口语发展的基础上,通过学习语文,促进儿童口语和书面语同步协调发展。儿童进入小学后,应该以学习书面语为主,同时提高口语的品位。语文教学的重点是让儿童学习用书面语进行交流和自我交流。不明白这一点,就会人为加大口语和书面语发展的差距,影响孩子今后的学习和发展。
提前作文不仅可能,也很有必要。实验表明,提前作文满足了儿童用文字表达内心世界的需要,促进儿童的心理发育和语文素养的整体提高。当然,在操作过程中,老师们必须明白,限于一二年级小学生的生理、心理水平和识字量,低段作文只能是涂鸦式的作文。提前作文以激发孩子的表达欲望和习作兴趣为主要目的,标准不能过高,要求不能太死板,更不能搞“作文先导”,削弱识字和阅读教学。否则,就会徒劳地增加孩子的负担,扑灭孩子的习作兴趣,效果适得其反。低段作文仍然以“把话写完整”作为基本要求,但训练的时候,让孩子在一定的情境中写作,写几句或一段有意义的话,喜欢写什么就写什么,爱写多少就写多少,让孩子觉得作文是很有意思的,是用来表达自己某种想法和情感的。这时候孩子写出来的作文总体面貌也许是:多数语句不通,前后不连贯,标点符号乱用,错别字连篇。但孩子是在非常放松、自由的心态下写作,作文中总有一句或几句话是完整的,这样既完成了作文的知识能力目标,又渗透了作文的情感、态度、价值观目标,这是否比单纯地重复写“一句四素俱全的话”要有意义呢?
二、作文教学难在何处
新中国成立以来,小学作文教学研究成果颇丰,教学流派纷呈,但“作文难,怕作文”的问题一直困扰着教师和学生们。人们分析了很多原因,但很少有人从语言学习本身的角度思考过这一问题。笔者经常思考,为什么孩子天生就不怕说话,单单就怕作文呢?为什么三岁的小孩能基本上学会语言交际,而很多学生直到小学毕业也不会写一段连贯通顺的话呢?只要比较分析一下口语和书面语学习条件上的差异,就能发现作文学习的确比口语习得要难得多。
口头语言和书面语言学习条件比较表
1.学习机制上的差异。美国语言学家乔姆斯基认为,人之所以能学会语言,是因为天生就有语言习得机制。只要给予适当的学习环境,足够的语言刺激,儿童就能自然而然学会某种口语。而且年龄越小,语言习得机制越强大,随着年龄的增加,语言习得机制慢慢地退化,到了青春后期,这种机制几乎完全消失。0~3岁是语言习得机制最强大的时期,儿童学习口语可以不费一点力气,所以,我们把口语的学习过程称为“习得”。当儿童进入小学,正式开始书面语言学习时,语言习得机制已经开始衰退,学生必须借助知识、规则、方法等理性工具来学习书面语言。尽管也有实验表明,只要给予儿童充分的读和写的时间和机会,儿童也能自动提高读写能力,但到目前为止还没有证据表明,儿童可以在没有成人指导和督促的情况下自动学会书面语。学生必须付出努力,才能学会使用书面语言进行表达和交流,所以毛泽东说:“语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功不可。”
2.学习动机上的差异。儿童学习口语是与儿童的社会阅历和智能的发展同步进行的,与儿童的口语交际和他们生活活动、心理成熟的直接需要紧密相连,孩子的说话内容就是他们的生活内容,孩子的说话能力就是他们心智发育的集中表现,内部学习动机十分强烈。学习书面语主要满足儿童学习间接知识和今后参与社会的长远需要,与儿童现实生活的关联较少。小学生虽然已经具备了一定的生活阅历和心理发展水平,能理解和运用书面语言,但充分发展的口语能力足以应付这一时期的社会交际需要,因此,缺少学习书面语的内部动机。可见,书面语的学习总体上是强制性的,如果没有外部动机的支撑,孩子不可能持续主动地去读和写。实际上,多数人可以一辈子不写文章,但不能一天不说话。
3.学习途径上的差异。口语习得完全是生活化的,儿童通过与周围人群和环境的接触,在非常自然的条件下学习口语,时时刻刻处于语言学习状态中。书面语言的学习,地点主要是学校和课堂,学习方式是人为的,学习内容和要求大多是掺杂成人的生活经验,与儿童自身的生活有一定程度的脱节,生活中应用书面语的机会不多。
4.语言要求上的差异。很多父母认为孩子开始学说话,说得不好是正常现象,成人有意识地用照顾性的语言同孩子交流,孩子只要开口说话,怎么说都是对的,都是值得大加表扬的,从来没有人很有意识去校正孩子的发音和语法上的错误。而书面语学习一开始就是高要求、高规范的。从写一句完整的话,到写一段总起分述的话,再到写一篇完整的文章,我们往往要在语言形式和内容选择上给孩子提出许多要求。老师认为,孩子文章写得好是正常的,写不好是不正常的,对孩子作文中的错误和不足非常“过敏”。
5.练习密度和频率上的差异。儿童整日生活在口语环境之中,每天接受和输出大量的口语信息,学习密度和频率非常高。据研究,幼儿在开口叫“妈妈”之前,至少已经听了4000多次“妈妈”这个词的发音。而学习书面语主要限于几节语文课,作文课每周才2节,某种要求的作文,其练习的机会也就这么一两次,密度和频率都非常低。
6.学习结果反馈上的差异。口语习得的反馈是即时性的。孩子叫一声“爸爸”,爸爸马上表扬。孩子说“妈妈我要苹果”,妈妈立刻给苹果。孩子每次说话总能得到回应,且多半是积极的奖赏和强化。书面语的学习是在大班级授课的条件下进行的,大多数学生根本得不到老师的及时反馈,反馈的形式也非常单一。现行的作文教学模式通常是一节作文指导课布置任务,然后让孩子回去写作文,下一节作文讲评课作反馈,不仅反馈形式单一(以评语为主),反馈周期长,而且多数是以批评和指正为主的负面强化。
总之,与口语习得相比,作文的学习条件实在是非常“恶劣”的。小学作文教学改革的着眼点,就是要发挥小学生残留的先天语言习得机制的作用,着重改进作文学习的外部环境,激发学生的书面表达欲望,培养用书面语言与别人交流的兴趣和习惯。例如,创设充分的自主读写时空,通过增加合作和交流的机会满足孩子作文的成就感,尊重和利用孩子的生活经验,淡化语言规范,重视自主表达,增加写话和作文的密度,改变反馈形式,缩短反馈周期,发挥网络交流的优势,等等。众多的作文改革实验,都从上面的一个或几个方面做了有意义的探索。如果把这些改革的成功经验综合起来,形成一个比较科学的作文训练序列,就有可能使小学作文教学出现大的突破。
三、倡导任务驱动作文
什么是任务驱动作文?先举两个例子。第一个例子是一位从事初中生心理辅导研究的专家告诉我的。她研究过心理日记对矫正心理问题的作用。研究结果表明,心理日记对解决心理问题有一定的作用,但效果不明显。但令人意外的是,凡是坚持记心理日记的学生,作文成绩提高很快,语文成绩也有很大的提高,而事先心理辅导老师只要求学生把自己的心理困惑如实记载下来,并没有对日记的语言、格式、体裁、字数等提过任何要求。第二个例子是笔者的亲身经历。某日,一位语文老师对我说,有一次班级组织春游,她要求学生春游回来后写一篇描写春天景色的作文。一个作文不好的学生想请假不去,原因是不想写作文。她向笔者请教,今年又要春游了,要不要孩子写作文。我立刻回答说,当然要写,但不一定在春游后写,春游前就可以写很多作文。譬如让学生推荐春游的地点,把推荐理由写具体、写明白;地点确定后可以让学生设计春游的路线,把游览顺序和旅游点简要写下来;可以制定春游的安全和卫生守则,让班会讨论通过;可以设计几项在草地上做的游戏,以书面报告形式征求同学意见;也可以写一个表演节目单,等等。春游后的作文也不一定非要描写景色,可以写春游时某人的表现,春游中发生的高兴的、有趣的、尴尬的、伤心的事情,出一期有关春游的黑板报,为春游所拍的照片配上说明。这位老师按我的建议,设计了春游前的作文教学方案,试验效果很好。
在这两个例子中,学生都不认为自己是在写作文,而是在完成一项有意义的任务。前一个例子中的任务是解决个人心理问题,后一个例子是组织一次有意义的集体郊游。这与传统以语言目标为主要取向的作文教学有很大的不同。语言取向的作文教学,把语言形式要求放在第一位(如写一处景色,要求用先概括后具体的方法写,字数不少于300字),不太考虑学生写的是否真人、真事、真情,作文对学生有什么实质意义。任务驱动的作文对学生来说是非常有意义的,写不写作文、作文写得好不好直接影响着能不能完成任务,任务完成得如何。学生在非常强烈的完成任务的动机中学习作文,同时尽力通过作文完成任务、解决问题。这样,作文就回归到自己的本原──作文是表情达意、交流思想的工具。相对于学生的生活和成长而言,相对于学生今后参加社会工作而言,作文永远只是一种手段和工具。这样也就摆正了作文和做人的关系,作文是为做人和做事服务的,作文写得好固然重要,做一个真诚的、高尚的、能干的现代人则更重要。
任务驱动的作文教学,要求教师必须转变教学观念。作文教学目标从纯语言取向转向内容、个性、语言的多元取向;作文教学的途径从单纯依赖作文课转向结合学生的阅读、生活、活动经验,抓住一切有利时机训练学生的书面表达能力;作文的形式从以记叙文为主转向根据任务要求使用多种文体,想象和纪实并用,审美和实用并存;评价作文的标准不仅仅是语言的规范和精彩,还有内容的真实、有用。总之,任务驱动的作文教学不把写作本身看成目的,而把写作看成现代人文明生活的有机组成部分。
我国长期受应试教育的影响,作文教学的目的和任务始终没有跳出“为作文而作文”的怪圈。传统的看法是,作文写得好,语文分数就高,语文分数高,升学的机率就大,所以必须把作文写好。新概念作文运动的兴起,在鼓励学生张扬个性、自主创新方面功不可没,但在为什么写作文的问题上仍然没有给广大师生以明确的指向,“某地又出少年大作家”、“一篇作文上北大”等新闻报道使个别有作文天赋的少年一夜成名,也使多数作文成绩平平的学生更加困惑:作文好等于一切都好吗?新概念作文运动从反对应试作文开始,可惜不久又不知不觉滑向了应试教育的功利主义轨道,还留下一个后遗症:过分强调张扬个性和异类情趣,弱化作文的实用交际、社会批判功能,把学习作文从学会生存、塑造人格中分离出去,使作文越来越像“才子才女”的语言游戏。这个后遗症已经影响到了小学阶段的作文教学。我们要大声呼吁:更新作文观念,回归作文本原,让作文与学生的健康成长同步!
篇11:小学六年级英语一封信
全文共 793 字
+ 加入清单Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua from Class One, Senior Two. As far as I am concerned, I believe to teach English for pupils from Chen Xi Hope School will be good for both the primary-school students and high-school student tutor, which thus will result in substantial social benefits.
I think I am qualified for being the pupils’ English coach, because I have good character, being independent in life and proficient in English. That’s why I apply for the position; I hope I can join the instructive activity.
My plan for coaching the pupils is to teach them by listening, speaking, reading and writing. What’s more important is to stimulate their interests in learning English as a foreign language, creating a good learning environment. I hope you can offer the opportunity.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
篇12:小学二年级英语作文:MyFavouriteTeacher
全文共 350 字
+ 加入清单My english teacher is nice. She has long hair. She likes singing and music. She likes to play sports in the afternoon. She loves our classmates very much. She looks like our sister.
She is good . She gets up at 6:50. She goes to work early. She has funny english class. In the afternoon, we play together.
She loves us,we love her. We lover each other!
篇13:我的铅笔盒小学英语作文
全文共 442 字
+ 加入清单i have a good friend. her name is pencil-box. she is a very beautiful girl. look! there is a picture on her face. it’s a picture of flowers. her coat is blue and yellow. there are some pencils, a pen, a ruler, a rubber and a tape in her stomach. from monday to friday, i go to school with her. when i want to copy or write the new words, i open her mouth and take out the pencil from her stomach. she helps me a lot. and i like her very much.
篇14:小学四年级记一次游戏
全文共 439 字
+ 加入清单还记得上学期,我们练跳长绳的时候……
叮铃铃……叮铃铃……上课了!我们早已规规矩矩地站在操场上,等待着老师的到来。没过好一会儿,勒老师拿着一条很长的绳子。勒老师说:“同学们,今天我们来练跳长绳。”什么?跳长绳?听起来好可怕!可是老师可不将就我,她先分配摇绳的队员。我用殷切的目光看着她,可她却选了龙建希、周爽。我只好服从安排了。他俩配合得很好,很有节奏地让绳子在空中跳着舞。我前面的同学很给力,一个接一个地跳,有的同学像快活的小鹿,在绳子中划出美丽的弧线;有的同学像飞燕在绳子中快活地飞……轮到我了,看着快速摇动的绳子,我不禁大叫:“慢点!慢点!”他俩果然慢了点,但是听到“啪啪”的声音,我还有点害怕,害怕被抽疼,忽然背后传来;“加油!程倚琳,你可以的!”我听了,打起精神,鼓起勇气,心里默念到“一、二、三,”在绳子落地的那一刹那,我眼睛一闭,两条腿同时跳,头一低,一下子跳过去了。“耶!”我欢呼起来。
原来跳长绳一点也不难。只要相信自已,什么事都能成功”。我也得感谢同学们的鼓励。
篇15:关于幽默英语作文小学
全文共 600 字
+ 加入清单I like to see American TV series so much, because not only the plot
attracts me so much, but also I can learn the English spoken language. Recently,
I fall in love with Two Broke Girls, it is so funny and makes me laugh happily.
Besides the humorous plot, I am also inspired by the characters’ spirit. Though
the two girls are poor and work as the waitress in the small restaurant, they
never give up their dreams. They make the plans for their dreams, even they meet
all kinds of difficulties, they are still positive about their future. I learn
things from them, I keep the positive attitude towards life.
篇16:关于节日的小学英语
全文共 1462 字
+ 加入清单Today is the annual national holiday, is a happy day.
I and my father and mother go to the zoo to play. We entered the park, we saw where the sea of people, like a long queue, more like a happy ocean.
Animal in the zoo is so much! There are cute little bunny, there are bulky gorillas, and that beautiful peacock. There are mandarin ducks in the water play, I throw food to them, they immediately ran over to snatch, really too cute. The most interesting is the monkeys of the iron gate, where they jump and jump, there is a group of macaques in the grab bottle! As long as some people take the bottle to tease them to play, they are very flexible to come to grab. Some naughty little children handed them Coke, they are not polite, took a big mouth to drink up. This is really a group of naughty and smart monkeys!
Go all the way, from time to time the birds flew over my head, twitter, as if to welcome us to come. The river fish in the free to swim, so comfortable, how I hope that they can become a fish, and they can play with them. Today is a good day, I really want to sing, the motherland I love you!
今天是一年一度的国庆节,是个令人开心的日子。
我和爸爸妈妈去动物园玩。我们进了园,就看见那里人山人海,就像是一条长龙,更像是一片欢乐的海洋。
动物园里的动物可真多呀!有可爱的小兔子,有笨重的大猩猩,还有那美丽的孔雀。远处有鸳鸯在水中嬉戏,我扔了食物给它们,它们就立刻跑过来抢食,真是太可爱了。最有趣的就是铁门边的那些猴子,它们在那里跳来跳去,还有一群猕猴在抢瓶子呢!只要有人拿瓶子逗它们玩,它们就很灵活地过来抢。有些顽皮的小孩子递给它们可乐,它们毫不客气,接过就大口大口地喝了起来。这真是一群淘气又聪明的猴子呀!
一路走去,不时有鸟儿在我头上飞过,叽叽喳喳的,好像在欢迎我们的到来。河中鱼儿在自由自在地游着,那么惬意,我多么希望自己也能变成一条鱼儿,可以和它们一起嬉戏。今天真是个好日子,我好想放声歌唱,祖国祖国我爱您!
篇17:小学4年级英语写一封信
全文共 1073 字
+ 加入清单12 May 2006
Dear Sir,
I am a December 2003 graduate from the University of San Francisco (USF) with a bachelors degree in International Business. As part of my career planning, I am very interested in supplementing my international business education with a basic knowledge of the Chinese language. This I hope will help me enter into business commerce with business organizations partnering with Chinas economic development.
I already have information from BLCU and hope to study there for at least one full year starting with this summers program continuing through the fall and spring semester 2006. Can your office advise me if such scholarships might be available to me?
I have been studying Chinese for one year now. I am not sure what level I belong to. I was told that there will be an HSK test in our university in September. I am planning to attend the test. But I dont know if the result of the test is recognized by your university. If so, can it be a help for me to apply for the scholarship?
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Tom Jolly
篇18:有意义的假期小学英语作文
全文共 634 字
+ 加入清单During the winter vacation I did a lot of things. But I think this is the most meaningful thing. Do you want to know what it is? Let me tell you.
One day I was taking a bus to the park. There were so many people on the bus that some people had to stand. Suddenly an old man got on the bus. The driver said to the passengers,"Please give the old man a seat." But nobody gave his seat to him. I was angry at this. In our society respecting the old and cherishing the young is a traditional virtue. Id like to say "Please offer your love to others!"
From this thing I recognize that its important for us to help the people in difficulties.
篇19:捉人游戏小学作文
全文共 807 字
+ 加入清单前天,表姐和表弟到我家来玩。我感到特别高兴。
当天上午,我们在一起看电视。这时候,刚才若有所思的表弟突然对我们说:“我们一起来玩‘捉人’吧?”“什么‘捉人’呀?”我和表姐疑惑地问。他见我们没有明白,就继续说:“就是把一个人的眼睛给蒙住,让他(她)来抓我们另外两个人,但被抓的人不能走出了这个房间。”听完后,我和表姐都赞同玩这个游戏。挑来挑去,还是把游戏地点定在了我的房间里。我的房间很空,里面只有一张床和一个小书柜还有一台大电扇。该选人抓了,我和表弟使坏,一致让表姐抓。她拗不过我们俩,只好同意了。
游戏正式开始了,表姐用一块长黑布绑在眼睛上,蒙住眼睛,来抓我们。我和表弟一个往东跑,一个往西跑,来分散表姐的注意力而来隐藏自己。“可怜”的表姐只好把双手放在面前,一边摸索,一边艰难的往前走,生怕来个“狗啃泥”。这时,离表姐最近的表弟看表姐往自己这边走过来,便马上从大风扇后面灵敏得钻出来,从表姐旁边慢慢地爬了过去,差一点就被抓住了。可表姐浑然不知,继续往前找。表姐从那边转了一圈,没有碰到我和表弟,已经有点不耐烦了,只好又转了个方向,从头开始继续找。而在书柜后面的我狡猾的向表姐前面扔一个硬币,那硬币直接掉在离表姐三步远的地方,发出了——啪啪、咚咚的声音,有点像脚步声。表姐信以为真,三步并作两步的向前扑去,结果扑了个空,直接摔倒了。表姐呲牙咧嘴地站了起来,把长黑布摘了下来一看,看见了是我扔的硬币,气愤的说:“真可恶,谁耍赖谁来捉。”我看了看表弟,无奈地耸耸肩,拿过表姐手里的长黑布,绑在眼睛上。
新的一轮开始了,绑了黑布后感觉眼前一片漆黑,根本没有方向感,只能靠感觉来走。就这样,我慢慢的找,他们也开始东躲西藏,一直没有抓到。这时,我听见有人站在我面前,我抓到他的衣裳,摘了黑布后竟然发现是我爸爸。
虽然我最后被爸爸训了一顿,说这种游戏太危险,以后不能玩,但是,今天的捉人游戏的快乐依然印在我的心中。
[捉人游戏小学作文
篇20:小学五年级英语精选
全文共 451 字
+ 加入清单Hello, everyone.My name is Kevin.I am 12 years old.I have a good friend.He is also 12 years old.He is thin and short.He is 34 kilograms.I am heavier than him.I am 40 kilograms.He is 1.48 metres.I am taller than him.I am 1.55 metres.He likes playing basketball and playing computer games.I like reading books and watching movie.He likes sweet food.I like hot food.He wants to be a PE teacher.I want to be an English teacher.We are good friends forever.