my school 英语作文高中【精彩20篇】

good morning/good afternoon teachers,

My name is...I am from ....primary school and I am ..years old now. I have a lot of interests and hobbies. For example, I like reading and swimming very much.

I think ... middle school is the perfect choice for me and I really wish to study in this school.

Nowadays, some discussions about the childrens education and management

have raised the whole social concern. It seems not only about childrens

personal development, but also about the whole countrys future.

There are two main views in debate, which of them is that children should

obey the rules set by parents and teachers. The other is that less control will

help children to deal with their future adult life.

As for the former, the advantages of it seem to be very apparent, which of

them is that children can make a distinction between right and wrong things. And

they will have a sense of principle and responsibility. Of course, the

disadvantages are also very clear. Firstly, children will be lacking in

imagination and creation. Secondly, they cannot make up their mind on their

own.

Concerning the latter, the view seems to be reasonable because in this ways

these children are more clever and active to create something special. However,

the drawbacks couldnt be ignored as a result of a problem that children cannot

get a clear understanding of their lifetime.

Combining the both points, as far as Im concerned, parents and teachers

are supposed to instruct children to obey the primary principle when they do

some deeds. Moreover, children need more freedom to realize their dreams. Only

in this way can the problem be solved perfectly.

In conclusion, we cant only support one side simply. On the contrary, we

ought to choose different measures to educate children flexibly.

Hello, everyone. I’m am a student in No.1 Middle School. I’m very proud that I have been chosen to speak to you all today.How to protect/save our environment/world?

The environmental pollution is worse and worse /more and more seriously today. Water is polluted ,we have no clean water to drink Many trees are cutting down, some animals is getting less and less.Some factories is poring dirty air in the sky , the population is increasing faster and faster ,resources is getting less and less…etc. Not only does it affect our lives and health, it also has a great affection in the future.

The first fact I worry about is noise pollution. People can"t sleep well if there is too much noise. That"s why so many people prefer to live in the countryside rather than live in the noisy city. I suggest all the factories and cars shouldn"t make terrible noises. If they make terrible noise that isn"t allowed, they will be fined, and we can also produce the cars which can"t make terrible noise.

The other pollution is rubbish pollution. If everyone makes so much rubbish, one day we may live in a world filled with rubbish. Some people throw the waste paper about. I suggest rubbish should be put into different kinds of dustbins or paper bags.

[高中保护环境的英语作文

Once， when I was a teenager， my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally， there was only one family between us and the ticket counter.

This family made a big impression on me. There were eight children， all probably under the age of 12. You could tell they didnt have a lot of money.

Their clothes were not expensive， but they were clean. The children were well-behaved， all of them standing in line， two-by-two behind their parents， holding hands. They were excitedly jabbering about the clowns， elephants， and other acts they would see that night.

One could sense they had never been to the circus before. It promised to be a highlight of their young lives. The father and mother were at the head of the pack， standing proud as could be.

The mother was holding her husbands hand， looking up at him as if to say， "Youre my knight in shining armor."

He was smiling and basking in pride， looking back at her as if to reply， "You got that right."

The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He proudly responded， "Please let me buy eight childrens tickets and two adult tickets so I can take my family to the circus."

The ticket lady quoted the price. The mans wife let go of his hand， her head dropped， and his lip began to quiver. The father leaned a little closer and asked， "How much did you say?"

The ticket lady again quoted the price. The man didnt have enough money.

How was he supposed to turn and tell his eight kids that he didn‘t have enough money to take them to the circus? Seeing what was going on， my dad put his hand in his pocket， pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground. (We were not wealthy in any sense of the word!)

高中英语好词好句必备

1. On the one hand, on the other,一方面；另一方面

On the one hand, the plan is pretty good; On the other, it does bring us some bad effects.

一方面，这计划相当好；另一方面，这计划给我们带来一些坏的影响。

2. Last but not least, 最后但同样重要的是...

Last but not least, we should not forget the importance of friendship. 最后但同样重要的是，我们不应该忘记友谊的重要性。

3. make a difference 有影响，很重要

Your attitude towards life and study makes a great difference.

你对待生活和学习的态度很重要。

4. benefit a lot from... 从...受益良多

You can benefit a lot from teachers’ advice.

你能从老师的建议中受益良多。

5. look forward to (doing)s.th期待着做...

I’m always looking forward to giving you a great surprise.

我一直期待着给你一个极大的惊喜。

6. have a good knowledge of... 了解.../懂得...

After reading the text, you’ll have a good knowledge of the Chinese history. 在看过这篇文章后，你将对中国历史有一种很好的了解。

7. What matters is not...but...重要的不是...而是...

What matters is not money but your attitude towards work.

重要的不是钱而是你对待工作的态度。

8. It makes sense to do...做...是合理的/有意义的

It makes sense to set downs your feelings in a diary.

把你的感觉写在日记里是有意义的。

9. prefer to do...rather than do... 宁愿做...而不愿做什么...

We prefer to stay at home rather than go fishing at weekends.

我们宁愿周末待在家里而不愿去钓鱼。

10. grow crazy about...对...狂热/着迷

Teenagers usually grow crazy about everything to do with sports.

青少年通常对与体育有关的一切着迷。

11. persuade s.b to do... 说服某人做...

I couldn’t persuade him to give up smoking.

我不能说服他戒烟。

12. be fond of doing...喜欢做...

She is really fond of singing and dancing.

她真得喜欢唱歌和跳舞。

13. make up one’s mind to do... 下定决心做...

I have made up my mind to learn a third language.

我已下定决心学习另一门外语。

14. dream about/of doing...梦想着做...

I used to dream about/of traveling to the moon.

我过去常梦想着去月球旅行。

15. feel like doing s.th 想要做...

He felt like taking a walk along the river.

他想要沿着河边散步。

16. can hardly wait to do...迫不及待地做...

They could hardly wait to open the gifts.

他们迫不及待地打开礼物。

17. think little of...对...不在意

Everybody thought little of the reason for the illness.

每个人对这种疾病不在意。

18. offer guidance to s.b 给某人提供指导

Teachers are willing to offer guidance to anyone in trouble.

老师情愿给有麻烦的人提供指导。

19. remain to be done仍然有待于...

A lot of problems remain to be dealt with in the future.

许多问题在未来仍待于解决。

20. An increasing number of people 越来越多的人...

An increasing number of people are concerned about health.

越来越多的人关心健康。

21. Something must be done. 必须采取措施

Something must be done to help those homeless children.

必须采取措施帮助那些无家可归的孩子们。

22. Only by this means/in this way can you... 只有这样...你才能... Only by this means/in this way can you succeed.

只有这样，你才能成功。

23. It must be admiited that... 必须承认...

It must be admitted that he knows much about education.

必须承认他对教育懂得很多。

24. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问...

There is no doubt that I will leave you soon.

毫无疑问，我将很快离开你们。

25. It is one thing to do..., but it’s quite another to do...

做...是一回事，而做...是另一回事

It is one thing to listen to teachers’ advice, but it’s quite another to put it into practice. 听老师的建议是一回事，而将其付诸实践是另一回事。

26. have a bad/good effect on... 对...带来坏的/好的影响 Fresh air has a good effect on our body and health.

新鲜的空气对我们的身心带来好的影响。

27. There was a time when...曾经有段时间...

There was a time when I grow crazy about movies.

28. It’s no pleasure doing... 做...没有乐趣

It’s no pleasure listening to music all day long.

一整天听音乐没有乐趣。

29. As a matter of fact, 事实上；实际上

As a matter of fact, I have a wonderful dream.

事实上，我有一个美妙的梦想。

30. It’s no wonder that... 难怪...

It’s no wonder that she got so tired that day.

难怪她那天如此疲劳。

31. It is /was +被强调内容+that从句

It is her health that I am greatly concerned about.

是她的健康我极为担心。

32. do harm to/be harmful to... 给...带来危害

Eating too much does harm to your health.

Eating too much is harmful to your health.

吃太多对你的健康带来危害。

33. do good to 给...带来好处

Communication face to face with your friends does good to your friendship. 面对面与朋友交流给你的友谊带来好处。

34. make an effort to do.. 努力做...

We should make an effort to do better than ever before.

我们应该努力比以前做得更好。

35. get well prepared for... 为...做好准备

We should get well prepared for the coming final exam.

我们应该为即将到来的期末考试做好准备。

36. develop one’s own interest 培养兴趣

It does great good to develop your own interest.

培养你自己的兴趣很有好处。

37. make great progress取得很大进步

I hope all of you can make great progress in your language learning.

我希望你们所有人能够在语言学习取得很大进步。

38. be in great need of..极其需要...

People who suffered a lot in the earthquake were in great need of food and water. 在地震中受苦的人们极其需要食物和水。

39. pay special attention to...特别关注...

People begin to pay special attention to the protection of nature.人们开始特别关注自然的保护。

40. devote oneself to(doing) s.th 一心一意做...

Great people are those who devote themselves to selflessly helping others. 伟人是那些一心一意无私帮助他人的人

41. It’s generally accepted that...大家普遍认为...

It’s generally accepted that the earth is getting warmer and warmer.大家普遍认为地球正变得越来越暖。

42. show respect for 对...尊敬

As students, we should show respect for our teachers.

作为学生，我们应该对老师表示尊敬。

43. consider s.b (to be/as)+n./adj....认为...是...

There is no doubt that we all consider him honest.

毫无疑问我们都认为他是诚实。

44. be concerned about... 关心；挂念

Parents are concerned about their children.

父母亲关心他们的孩子。

45. be based on... 以...为基础

The film is based on a true story that happened in 1946.

这部电影以发生于1946年的一个真实的故事为基础的。

46. have a correct attitude towards... 对...采取一种正确的态度 It’s important for us to have a correct attitude towards life.

对生活采取一种正确的态度对我们来说是重要的。

47. as far as s.b be concerned,就...而言

As far as I’m concerned, I prefer to go to Shanghai for a visit.

就我而言，我宁愿去上海游玩。

48. meet one’s needs 满足...的需求

The little food can’t meet our needs in the next week.

Youth Day (青年节) in the Peoples Republic of China is on May 4. It was established in December 1949 by the Government Administration Council to commemorate the beginning of the May Fourth Movement in 1919. This day is known as …

May Fourth Movement

Chinese intellectual revolution and sociopolitical reform movement (1917 – 21)。 In 1915 young intellectuals inspired by Chen Duxiu began agitating for the reform and strengthening of Chinese society through acceptance of Western science, democracy, and schools of thought, one objective being to make China strong enough to resist Western imperialism. On May 4, 1919, reformist zeal found focus in a protest by Beijings students against the Versailles Peace Conferences decision to transfer former German concessions in China to Japan. After more than a month of demonstrations, strikes, and boycotts of Japanese goods, the government gave way and refused to sign the peace treaty with Germany. The movement spurred the successful reorganization of the Nationalist Party and gave birth to the Chinese Communist Party. See also Treaty of Versailles.

Nowadays, as the development of high technology, people like to use

computer, they use computer to read the news, to play the game and so on. Now

more and more computer functions have been developed, people like to do business

on the computer, it saves people a lot of time and it is very convenient.

Shopping online is most people’s choice today, but it has disadvantages. First,

the products will be not in good quality, people can’t touch the products, they

only can see the pictures, so they can’t figure out the real products’ quality.

Second, when people pay the money online, they will have the chance to leak out

their message, their online account will be attacked by the hackers and thus to

lose the money. Of course, shopping online is more and more popular, we must

take care of personal message when shopping online.

As the saying goes, "A friend in need is a friend indeed". Friends play a very essential role in our daily life. However, how to make goods friends is a problem for most of us. As for me, I have three principles to choose friends.

正如谚语所说的那样，患难见真情。朋友在我们日常生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。然而，如何交到一个好朋友是我们大多数人都遇到过的问题。

In the first place, good friends should have their own principles. We should take into account the fact that people who insist on their principles have high quality. Therefore, it is worth making friends with them.

首先，好朋友应该是有他们自己的处事原则。我们应该认识到这样一个事实，坚持自己原则的人一般都是具有高尚的品格。因此，这样的人值得我们去交朋友。

Then, I want to point out that good friends should be full of trust. This kind of person has a pure heart, so we can communicate with each other by heart.

然后，我想说的是，好的朋友应该是充满真诚的。这样的朋友有一颗赤子之心，我们能用心来彼此交流。

Finally, active friends are just like beautiful sunshine. They can light up our blue mood, drive away the dark clouds and give us courage.

最后，拥有积极心态的朋友就像美丽的阳光。他们能够照亮我们忧郁的心情，驱走乌云，给我们鼓励。

Friends who have above three characteristics will be great wealth for us.

能交到有以上三个特征的朋友将会是我们巨大的财富。

Dear editor,

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. 60% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee do not meet people’s expectations, for a park is considered to be a place where the public can have a good time when they are not busy either at home or at work. If an entrance fee must be paid by the visitors for a park, it will be necessary to build a gate and surrounding walls. In the end a city will take on a bad look. 40% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee can be accepted, but it must not be too expensive. The money from ticket selling can be used for paying the gardeners in the park and buying some other kinds of flowers and trees.

With regard to myself, I think an entrance fee is useful, for it can be used to protect a park. Do we share the same opinion, dear editor?

Yours truly,

Li Hua

高中生活的第一天

The First Day in High School

Today was the first day of my new life. I looked at my new books and checked everything for the new school year. I was excited as well as worried.

今天是我新生活的第一天，我翻看我的新课本，检查了新学年的一切。我既激动又担心。

Entering new school, I was curious about everything, new classrooms, new teachers, new classmates etc. It would be a new start for each student. And what I was worried about is that I had no friends here. I wondered if no liked to play with me. Were the teachers strict with students?

进入新的学校，我对所有事情都很好奇，新的教室，新的老师，新的同学等等。这对每个学生来说都是一个新的开始。我所担心的是在这没有朋友。我想知道是不是没有人喜欢和我玩。老师对学生是不是很严厉？

I fell relaxed when the teacher asked me, What else could I help you, freshman?". I found that the teachers were kind and polite, and the classmates around me were friendly. While I was thinking about how to get on well with my classmates, my desk mate showed me his favorite Ipad4s. He wanted to play with me, but I didnt know how to play, so he taught me patiently, and we played happily.

当老师问我：“我能够帮你什么吗，新同学？”的时候，我一下子觉得放松了。我发现老师很善良很有礼貌，周围的同学也很友善。正当我想着怎样和同学相处的时候，我的同桌给我看他最爱的Ipad4s。他想和我一起玩，但是我不知道怎么玩，于是他就耐心的教我，然后我们就开心的玩起来。

Worries have gone, and happiness is coming.

忧虑已经消失了，幸福即将来临。

In China, the period of high school is very important for students, they will go to college after finishing high school. Because there are so many students in our country, the students have to take the college entrance exam, the test will decide which school they should go to. Every student in high school will study many course, when the second year comes, students will choose some courses for the college entrance exam. The first thing they should pay attention to is to measure what subject they are good at. Some students are good at math and geography, these students are always weak in politics, then they should keep on learning science. Some students are good at Chinese and English, they should choose to study art. What if the students are good at both? I will advise them to learn the course they are interested.

在中国，高中时期对于学生来说是很重要的，完成高中的课程以后，他们就要上大学。因为我国有很多学生，因此学生不得不参加高考，高考将会决定他们去哪所学校。每个学生在高中都要学很多课程，当第二年到来的时候，学生将要选择一些针对高考的课程。他们要注意的第一件事就是衡量他们擅长的科目。一些学生擅长数学和物理，他们总是不擅长政治，他们应该继续学习理科。一些学生擅长语文和英语，他们应该选择文科。如果学生两者都擅长呢?我会建议他们选择他们感兴趣的科目。

There is a saying that man proposes, goddisposes, which means man plan the things and the rest of the outcome lies inthe luck.

This saying reflects the connection between hard-work and luck, whichis though sometimes we have worked so hard, luck occupies great position, theunexpected things happen and refrain us from succeeding.

In order to besuccessful, people work so hard, they believe they can achieve their goals, butlacking luck stops them achieving their goals.

So working hard doesn’t meanbringing people success directly, they just need to try more times, withoutluck, they still can make their goals. Luck can help people close to success,without hard-work, they can’t be successful. Hard-work and luck make peoplerealize their goals, but without luck, people still can make it by trying moretimes.

有一句话说谋事在人，成事在天，意思是人们计划事情，剩下的结果依赖于运气。这句话反应了努力和运气之间的联系，那就是虽然有时候我们很努力工作，但是运气也占据了很重要的位置，意外的事情会发生，阻挡人们成功。为了取得成功，人们努力工作，他们相信能达到目标，但是运气的缺失让他们无法达到自己的目标。因此努力并不意味着能直接给人们带来成功，他们需要多试几次，没有运气，人们仍然可以达到目标。运气帮助人们接近成功，没有努力付出，无法成功。努力和运气能让人们实现目标，但是没有运气，人们多尝试几次，也能终将办到。

[高中英语作文：努力和运气

There is an old saying that no one is perfect, so everyone will make

mistake sometimes, though we want to do best. When we make mistake, we must say

sorry to others, for the purpose of showing our regret, so that they will

forgive us and continue to keep in touch with us. Some people think apologize

will lose their faces, so they choose not to say sorry.

A wise person will make

apologize in a natural way and let the past be past, the good way to apologize

can help people feel easy. People can find the chance to apologize when they are

having communication, they can make the topic about apologize and then saying

that he is sorry about what he have done, so everything will seem easy.

Apologizing will promote people’s communication and keep their friendship. So

don’t feel losing face, just admit what you have done wrong.

Life is each persons wealth, because the world with life and colorful, full of vigour, let us love and cherish own life, seize every minute of life. Life is short, be gone for ever, human life is fleeting, time can not be reversed, we can only in a limited life infinite brilliance.

That day, my good friend clay came to my house to play, my mother know, immediately do a lot of delicious to clay. When we have fun when, suddenly, clay fainted. Mom saw mud, immediately sent to hospital. After the doctors detailed inspection, the final judgment is had leukemia. Doctor for my mother said: oh! The child to live no longer than four months, if you come a little earlier treatment, it is no big deal. But now... Alas! Mother pale, said to the doctor: doctor, do not save? The doctor reluctantly shook his head. At that moment, I have tears in eyes is the best, but couldnt flow down. I think: why the event would fall in my good friend why, why! My mother said to me: my daughter, you dont cry. We dont know if that mud, mud know she will be very sad, you promised mom dont tell clay, okay? I cried and said: Mom and I promise you, I will not tell her.

We came to the clay ward, pretending to be happy. For I in the four months to make clay can happy every day, make clay in full every day, I spend a lot of time. But time always flies so fast, I am very sad, because I know the clay have not much time.

[高中英语作文:热爱生命

On New Years Eve, I turned on the TV as usual to watch the Spring Festival

Gala, and watched it for more than half an hour. Suddenly, an unexpected program

caught the whole familys eyes and deeply moved us. On the screen, there was the

hospital background of Wuhan city. Doctors and nurses were wearing white

protective clothing, and their faces were wearing plastic transparent covers

integrated with clothing. They were fighting against the virus and life danger

Time race. With the host reciting "love is a bridge", I felt a torrent in my

heart. I kept bumping and bumping. I knew that the program was added temporarily

because of the severe situation. Although it had not been rehearsed, it still

made many people cry. No one in the hospital would want to hide, no one would be

lazy, no one would want to make a phone call with his family They regard those

suffering compatriots as their parents and children, and they are determined to

save these patients just like their families.

高中英语高分作文：春节

I like The Spring Festival. The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together， just like Christmas in the West. All people living aw

ay from home go back， becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports， railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.

During Spring Festival， the most improtant days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days.Many customs accompany the Spring Festival.During Spring Festival time， you can see kinds of decorations.you can go to temple fairs and enjoy superb performances of the dances， stilt-walking and amazing acrobatic shows.

so i like it .

The after-class activities in my school are colorful. Every day we play basketball, football, do rope skipping and so on. But I like the Month of Science and Technology and the Cultural Festival most. In those days, we have a chance: to show ourselves to all the students. We can invent something with some classmates. And we can act in a play or make a speech or take part in the competition of singing. I enjoy myseff in those activities.

我们学校的课外活动丰富多彩。每天我们打篮球、踢足球、跳绳等等。但是我最喜欢科技月和文化节。那时我们有机会向所有学生展示我们自己。我们可以和其他同学一起做小发明。我们还可以表演、演讲或参加唱歌比赛。我非常喜欢这些活动。

Perfect Dream Harry Potter

Do you know Harry Potter? If you dont, then you are out of date. Many people love Harry Potter, whether children or adults. I love Harry Potter, too. Last week, I went to Nantong to see the movie "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire".

It was a wonderful movie. In the movie, Harry is the same age as us and he is more handsome than me. Harrys best friends are Hermione and Ron. The movie tells the story of Harrys Fourth Year at Hogwarts. The Goblet of Five selects him to compete as one of four champions in the Throwizard Tournament, despite the fact that he didnt submit his name. The Tournament is very dangerous so his friends are all worried about him. Hermione and Ron try their best to help Harry to prepare for each task. I think their friendship is unbreakable. Cho Chang, who Harry likes, is a Chinese pretty girl. I liked her but I liked Hermione better because she is very clever.

Its very magical! I love magic as much as Harry does. If I lived in a magic world, I could pick up gigantic things easily, I could go to wherever I liked and I could fly on a broom, I could change my hairstyle of any time, I could.

Its a perfect world and its a perfect dream.

[哈利波特完美的梦想高中英语作文

How to improve network security

As time goes ongoing surfing on the Internet become more and more popular.It is a new phenomenon and sounds an alarm (for online security ).

Network security cover anti- virus network security and hacker protection . Together with the technology of Access Control redundant backup recovery and network security it makes an allround security system . Many companies devote to the information security technology and product research and development production and sales providing advanced network security solutions . Firewall just is an effective measure of network security .如何提高网络安全

随着时间的推移，上网冲浪变得越来越流行，这是一个新的现象，听起来是一个警钟(在线安全)。

网络安全覆盖防病毒、网络安全和黑客保护。结合访问控制技术、冗余备份恢复、网络安全，它使一个全面的安全系统。许多公司致力于信息安全技术和产品的研发、生产和销售，提供先进的网络安全解决方案。防火墙只是是网络安全的一种有效措施。

I’m going to have a busy weekend! On Saturday, I’m going visit my friends by bike. Because I haven’t seen them for a long time. Then, I’m going to the bookstore on foot. I’m going to read lots of books there. On Sunday morning, I’m going to go for a walk. Then, in the afternoon, I’m going to go shopping with my mother. Then, in the evening, we are going to watch TV together. That will be fun! What about you? What are you going to do on the weekend?

我就要过一个忙绿的周末了!星期六的时候我会骑车去拜访我的朋友。因为我已经很久没见他们了。之后，我会走路去书店。我打算在书店里看很多的书。星期天早上，我打算去散散步。然后，下午的时候我会和妈妈去买东西。之后，我们晚上打算一起看电视。那肯定很有趣!你呢?周末你打算做什么呢?

Hope Project is a Chinese public service project organized by official organization. It aims to help children go back to school, build Hope Primary School and improve rural conditions in poor regions.

In many poor areas in China, there are many school age children cant go to school because their families do not have enough money. As a result, they have to stay at home and help their families do the farm work. We often say that knowledge changes fate. Therefore, only study can help them go to the outside world and change their lives, even change the poor condition of their hometown. Through the Hope Project, much money and books and other materials can be collected to improve the poor conditions.

That makes children can share more resources to get knowledge. Besides, many people in city have a chance and channel to show their kindness. The most important and meaningful is that they can help those children who are desperate in need.

希望工程是由官方组织举办的中国公益项目。该项目旨在帮助孩子们重返校园，建立希望小学以及改善贫困乡村地区的条件。

在中国，很多贫困地区的适龄儿童由于家里没有足够的钱不能去上学。因此，他们不得不待在家帮助家人做农活。我们常常说知识改变命运。因此，只有学习能够帮助他们走出外面的世界，改变他们的生活，甚至是改变他们家乡贫困的现状。通过希望工程，我们可以收集到资金、书籍以及其他材料以改善贫困的现状。这样一来，孩子们就可以分享更多的资源，学到更多知识。

除此之外，城市里的很多人就有机会和渠道显示他们的善良。最重要且有意义的是他们可以帮助那些极需帮助的孩子们。

[希望工程高中英语作文