竞争与合作的英语作文3篇 作文高中（通用20篇）

竞争与合作

When it comes to competition and cooperation, some people always emphasize competition but neglect cooperation. Their reasons run as following: to begin with, they believe only competition can help them defeat their counterparts; in addition, they think competition is the only way to lead to success.

谈到竞争与合作，有些人总是强调竞争，而忽视合作。其原因如下：首先，他们认为只有竞争才能帮助他们击败对手；此外，他们认为竞争是通向成功的唯一途径。

But some others hold different opinion. They think cooperation is as important as competition. They base their opinion on the following reasons: on one hand, cooperation can build trust between each other and help to bring long-term relationship; on another hand, cooperation can turn a small and weak business into a big and strong one.

也有人持不同的意见。他们觉得合作与竞争一样重要。他们根据他们的想法，理由如下：一方面，合作可以建立相互之间的信任并帮助建立长期的合作关系；另一方面，合作可以使一个弱小的企业变成一个强大的企业。

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that both competition and cooperation are essential to success and thus should be emphasized at the same time.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出一个结论，竞争和合作对成功都很重要，因此应同时被强调。

[关于竞争与合作英语作文

在现代社会中，有一个永恒的话题，那就是竞争与合作，一个人不可能独立地生活在社会中，而人与人之间的竞争与合作又是我们社会生存和发展的动力。树有长短，水有清浊，芸芸众生忙碌于大千世界，他们都离不开竞争与合作。

所谓竞争就是两个或两个以上的个人或群体，在某项活动中争胜过对方的行为，也就是双方争夺一个目标，而且只有一方能胜，而合作则是两个或两个以上的个人或群体，为实现共同目标在某项活动中联合协作的行为，双方有一致的目的，且双方共享结果。

对于竞争，在场的各位一定不会感到陌生，没有中考的竞争，我们也就不会站在这儿，然而一个巴掌拍不响，缺少了合作，“南北对话”“南南合作”都将成为空谈;缺少了合作，建立国际空间站将成为泡影;缺少了合作，我们今天将仍活在“非典”的阴影下，处于禽流感的困扰之中。

但竞争与合作并不是对立的，有的同学却把它们分得太开了，有的只谈竞争不谈合作。当别人问他问题时，头也不回甩去一句“不知道”，认为把别人的疑难解决了就是给自己培养了一个对手，对自己的竞争不利，这样的人是自私的，最终将被社会淘汰，有的则认为竞争是没有必要的，片面讲究合作，从而导致了安于现状，无进取心的悲惨状态，当他还在安乐窝里做着美梦的时候，这个世界已将其遗忘。所以，以上的两种做法都是不正确的。我们应该把竞争与合作放在同等重要的位置，让他们物尽其用，物为我用，使自己达到更高的境界。

如果把人生比作一场戏，那么竞争就是台下一双双挑剔的眼睛，而合作就是与你一同演出的朋友。同学们，让我们正确对待竞争与合作，开出最艳丽的花。

我们任何人在这个世界上都不是孤立存在的，都要和周围的人发生各种各样的关系。你是学生，就要和同学一起学习，一起游戏，共同完成学业;你是工人，就要和同事一起做工，共同完成工厂的生产任务;你是军人，就要和战友一起生活，一起训练，共同保卫我们的祖国……总之，不论你从事什么职业，也不论你在何时何地，都离不开与别人的合作。

什么是合作呢?顾名思义，合作就是互相配合，共同把事情做好。世界上有许多事情，只有通过人与人之间的相互合作才能完成。一个人学会了与别人合作，也就获得了打开成功之门的钥匙。所以，人们常说：小合作有小成就，大合作有大成就，不合作就很难有什么成就。这是非常宝贵的人生道理，我们应该牢牢记住。

怎样才能卓有成效地合作呢?你一定在音乐厅或电视里看到过交响乐团的演奏吧，这可算得上是人与人合作的典范了。你瞧，指挥家轻轻一扬手里的指挥棒，悠扬的乐曲便从乐师的嘴唇边、指缝里倾泻出来，流向天宇，也流进人们的心田。是什么力量使上百位乐师，数十种不同的乐器合作得这样完美和谐?我想，这主要依靠高度统一的团体目标和为了实现这个目标每个人必须具有的协作精神。

这里还有一个小故事，也能说明这个问题。一位外国的教育家邀请中国的几个小学生做了一个小实验。一个小口瓶里，放着七个穿线的彩球，线的一端露出瓶子。这只瓶子代表一幢房子，彩球代表屋里的人。房子突然起火了，只有在规定的时间内逃出来的人才有可能生存。他请学生各拉一根线，听到哨声便以最快的速度将球从瓶中提出。实验即将开始，所有的目光都集中在瓶口上。哨声响了，七个孩子一个接着一个，依次从瓶子里取出了自己的彩球，总共才用了3秒钟!在场的人情不自禁地鼓起掌来。这位外国专家连声说：“真了不起!真了不起!我在许多地方做过这个实验，从未成功，至多逃出一两个人，多数情况是几个彩球同时卡在了瓶口。我从你们身上看到了一种可贵的合作精神。”

可见，成功的合作不仅要有统一的目标，要尽力做好份内的事情，而且还要心中想着别人，心中想着集体，有自我牺牲的精神。

同学们，现代社会是一充满竞争的社会，但同时也是一个更加需要合作的社会。作为一个现代人，只有学会与别人合作，才能取得更大的成功。

The quality of human life has improved greatly over the past few centuries, but Earth is being harmed more and more by human activity. As we develop our technology, we demand more from our planet. Eventually, this will harm people as well.

Our planet gives us everything we need, but natural resources are not endless. Strip mining devastates whole regions, leaving bare and useless ground. Deforestation removes old growth trees that cant be replaced. Too much fishing may harm fish populations to the point where they cant recover. We are too careless in taking what we want without giving anything back.

There are more people than ever, living longer that ever. So is it any surprise that many areas suffer from too much development? Anyone living in or near a city has experienced "urban sprawl". There is a new shopping area on every corner and new houses, townhouses and apartments everywhere. Traffic gets worse and worse because planners cant keep up with growth. Keeping up with human demand is hard enough. Environmental concerns come in last.

With growth comes pollution. Companies and communities dump waste into water. Landfills are full of trash. Emissions from factories pollute the air. Barrels of industrial waste and worse, radioactive waste, have no safe place to go. If were not careful, we can harm our planet beyond repair.

People need to respect the Earth and try to preserve it. If we dont, what kind of future will we have?

Whatever one does, one should do it with confidence. If one has no confidence, there is little possibility that one would ever achieve anything, especially when one is faced with drawbacks or hardships. This troth seems to be self-evident. However, in reality we do see a lot of people who complain that they lack the ability to do ,something or that their difficulties are too great to be overcome,For someone, this might be true. But for many others, this only shows that they have lost heart.

Why do people often feel frustrated even though they are capable of doing some thing? There are, among others, two main reasons. First, these people do not have a correct estimate of themselves. Second, they overestimate the difficulties.

It is passible to build up faith in oneself by having the right attitude towards ones own abilities. We should never underesrimate our abilities but should believe in the proverb: "Where there is a will, there is a way." Confidence is the promise for fulfilling a task successfully.

Oceans becoming more acidicThe worlds oceans are slowly getting more acidic, say scientists.The researchers from California say the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.The lowering of the waters pH value is not great at the moment but could pose a serious threat to current marine life if it continues, they warn.Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.Increasing use of fossil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater.

Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid.Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.But these researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change."This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira."And we predicted amounts of future acidity that exceed anything we saw over the last several hundred million years, apart from perhaps after rare catastrophic events such as asteroid impacts."If carbon dioxide release continues unabated, ocean pH could be reduced by as much as 0.77 units, the authors warn.It is not absolutely clear what that means for marine life, however.

Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean lifeforms may be more sensitive to pH changes.Coral reefs and other organisms whose skeletons or shells contain calcium carbonate may be particularly affected, the team speculate. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH.In recent years some people have suggested deliberately storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of curbing global warming.But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered."Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing - because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet; and when CO2 is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.

Competition makes people original and creative. It very necessary to compete if human society wants to advance. (Even animals compete for survival.) Without it， we would become lazy and nobody would rake any responsibility. When three monks live together， there will be no drinking water. This Chinese proverb vividly describes why Chinas productivity was so low before Mr Deng came to power. At that time， we had the so-called planned economy. There was no competition at all. So neither farmers nor workers worked hard. China was on the edge of collapse. Competition can stimulate people to try their best to do anything. For example， in 100-meter race， each sportsman runs as quickly as possible， trying to win the champion. The same things happen in our society and in our daily life. If a company wants to surpass others， it must compete with them. It must raise its efficiency. All the companies doing this will no doubt benefit the whole society and the whole human race. Being a student， I must compete with other students in our studies. I must study hard in all the fields so that I can be a useful man when I enter the society after graduation.

Last week, my English teacher gave us a task, she asked us to form a small

group, each group was made up of five students, the groups need to do a

research, it is about how much people know about foreign country. In my group,

there are three girls and two boys, at first, we did not know what to do, then I

suggested our group take the cooperated work. As I and the girl are good at

writing paper, so the two of us decided to design the questions, and the other

three students are so active, so they like to ask people the questions. The

research went go so well, we finished it in two days, thanks to the teamwork, we

did well on the task. The teacher praised my group, I have learned the

importance of cooperation, since then, I will considerate other people’s

feelings.

The older I grow, the more I appreciate children. Now, at my 80th birthday, I salute them again. Children are the most wholesome part of the race, the sweetest, for they are freshest from the hand of God. Whimsical, ingenious, mischievous, they fill the world with joy and good humor. We adults live a life of apprehension as to what they will think of us; a life of defense against their terrifying energy; a life of hard work to live up to their great expectations. We put them to bed with a sense of relief---and greet them in the morning with delight and anticipation. We envy them the freshness of adventure and the discovery of life. In all these ways, children add to the wonder of being alive. In all these ways, they help to keep us young.

After I go to school, teachers always tell me to study hard, so that I can

be the excellent student. But now I have grown up, I have my own idea. The

reason for me to study hard is to return my parents’ love. When they are old, I

can make a lot of money and let them have a better life.

With the development of technology, today, our life is facilitated with all kinds information sources. We can read books on the Internet, which is much convenient than buying the books in the stores. I like to read E-books, because there are many advantages. First, I can save a lot of money. Downloading the E-books is for free, I can find all kinds of free sources. It is good for students because they can save the money. Second, I can save a lot of time. Some books are not easy to be found in the bookstore, sometimes I need to go to several shops. But if I search the Internet, then the information is in front of me. How fast it is.

Nowadays university graduates have different job outlooks. For most of them, to find a job with satisfactory pay is their most important wish while majority want to be self – employed. However, a certain number of graduates are not in a hurry to hunt for jobs. They are just waiting for better chances. Toward this point of view, some experts warn that it is not wise to be just waiting. They advise that graduates should find a regular, full-time job as quickly as possible so that they can earn money to support themselves and get working experience, which will help to find a better position later. Moreover, it might be more difficult to find a satisfactory job next year.

如今大学毕业生的就业前景不同。对于大部分孩子来说，要找到一个令人满意的支付工作是他们最重要的希望，而多数是希望能够自我 - 就业。但是，一定数量的毕业生不急于寻找就业机会。他们只是在等待更好的机会。对这一观点，一些专家警告说，只是等待这是不明智的。他们提醒毕业生应该找到一个正规，全职工作，以便尽可能快的挣钱来养活自己和获得工作经验，这将有助于找到更好的更高的位置。此外，明年可能更难找到一个称心如意的工作。

在生物界中，竞争无处不在，我们要学会在竞争中成长。

在动物界中，只有竞争才能得来食物；在植物界中，只有竞争才能得来雨露；在我们生活中，只有竞争才能得来成功。

我从小是个害怕竞争的孩子，别说一些大型比赛，就连班上的一些小比赛，我都不敢参加。直至二年级时，妈妈开始找各种机会训练我。第一次参加的比赛，就是那年的母亲节学校举办的诗朗诵比赛。我为这次比赛准备了很久，稿子背的滚瓜烂熟，动作，表情都准备得很到位，可是就有一点我和妈妈都异常担心——我对竞争的恐惧感。果然，到了比赛那天，刚进会场，我的心就剧烈的跳动起来，头上的汗不住的滴下来，手心里也都是汗，紧张的甚至有些发抖，眼看就该我了，心中的紧张情绪却丝毫不减退，当我走上台时，评委们都和蔼的看着我，我一点也不紧张了，平静的演讲这。虽然那次我并没有获奖，但我从害怕竞争变得可以在竞争中调整自己，这远比奖对我来说重要得多。在以后的竞争中我一次比一次发挥得好。在竞争中成长，成长中我明白竞争不需要紧张。

还有一种竞争是在学习上竞争，其实就是考试。从小我对考试是不怕的，但自从上了初中每天的考试让我感到害怕。我开始变得异常爱哭泣，时间不够没做完考卷我会哭，考试成绩不理想我也会哭。老师，家长鼓励着我，告诉我其实考试也是一种竞争，不要怕这种竞争，更不能因为竞争失败而气馁。同学，朋友影响着我，他们在竞争中如此坚强，成功不骄傲，失败不气馁。在这种影响下，我渐渐不常因为竞争失败而哭泣。在竞争中成长，在成长中我明白竞争不相信眼泪。

成长中的竞争就像夜空中的星星，数都数不完；竞争如同彩虹装点了雨后的天空。竞争这个机会等待着每一个人；竞争这个舞台人人都可以翩翩起舞。竞争中不相信眼泪，竞争中不需要紧张，我在竞争中成长……

The spring festival is Chinese most traditional festival every 365 days.

Each Chinese pay much attention on it. Every year about 15 days before spring

festival， the migrate works and white-collars are beginning crowded

home-returning.

But， in recent years， with the development of the world， many different

attitudes between the young and the old towards the spring festival come forth.

The old are still pay more attention to the spring festival， but the young

gradually change the mode to spend their spring festival holiday， such as travel

overseas.

When I am a childhood， I celebrated the spring festival with my family

about a month in my winter vacation in traditional way， such as helping cleaning

our houses， putting red couplets on gates， setting off firecrackers， and wear

new clothes. Now， I spend only 4 or 5 days at home with my parents in

celebrating the spring festival， then I will hurry back to work. Maybe in the

near future， I will have no time celebrating spring festival hometown， and my

parents have to come to stay with us in the city.

Whether or no， I like the spring festival. It is one of the most important

part of our Chinese culture. However busy I am， I will try my best to

celebrating it with the traditional way to protect those our ancestor has leave

behind.

近年来，每当从媒体上看到一些地方为争名人、名事、故地等的“正宗”吵得不亦乐乎时，总是忆起26年前的一段往事。1984年，我作为一家地方报纸的代表去南阳参加全省地市报纸协作会。热情的东道主不仅在会议间隙组织我们游览了卧龙岗武侯祠，而且在会后用车把我们拉到了百多公里外的襄阳去看古隆中。这在今天一些人看来未免有点犯“傻”：怎么可以把游客主动介绍给诸葛亮躬耕地———襄阳?而在我看来，南阳的同志此举显示了大度、大气。

不少人认为，竞争就是你死我活，竞争就不能有合作。竞争双方似乎注定是利益截然对立的“冤家”对头。其实，换一种思路看，情况并不一定是这样。拿有争议的名人名事故地等旅游资源的开发、利用来说，双方何不来个“不同而和”、资源共享、联合开发、共同发展呢?如果双方联手，你把游客送到我这里，我把游客送到你那里，岂不是双赢?而且，游客也学会了比较、增长了见识。当时，我在南阳、襄阳之行前，是通过“臣本布衣，躬耕南阳”、“我本是卧龙岗散淡的人”等文献，把诸葛亮、卧龙岗和隆中连成一条直线的。及至亲临其境，方知卧龙岗在南阳，而隆中则在襄阳。如果不是南阳同志的盛情与大度，我也不会增加这方面知识。

搞市场经济不能没有竞争。有竞争才能激发动力、增强活力，促使企业不敢稍许懈怠，不断推进科技进步，改善经营管理，降低成本，提高质量，增加效益。建设和发展也不能没有合作。有合作才能优势互补、取长补短、收拢五指、攥紧拳头、形成合力。马克思说得好，协作不仅可提高个人的生产力，并且是“创造一种生产力”，产生一加一大于二的神奇效果。聪明的人不但要积极与伙伴合作，也要勇于与竞争对手合作并从中获益。

如今，国外越来越多的大公司通过组建联盟参与全球竞争。竞争之中有合作、合作之中有竞争，这是对传统的竞争理念和模式的超越，是适应形势发展的必然选择。我国也有一些企业开始提出并实践这一理念。实践证明，过去那种仅仅把同行看成是“冤家”，认为有竞争就不能有合作的观点是片面的、有害的，它往往造成不必要的摩擦、内耗及浪费。而把竞争与合作结合起来，既竞争又合作，就能突破孤军奋战的局限，把自身优势与其他企业的优势结合起来，把双方的长处最大限度地发挥出来，既提高自己也提高别人的竞争力，实现双赢或多赢。

团结就是力量，联合就有优势。愿人们更明智地处理竞争与合作的关系，在积极竞争的同时，发扬光大团结协作精神。这样，才能把我们的事业发展壮大，越办越好。

有一个二人相向过独木桥的体育比赛项目，要求一方必须必须把另一方挤下桥去，才算分出胜负。可是有一对选手却互相拥抱，双双通过了独木桥，于是引起了人们激烈的争论，不知该怎样判结果了。且不论争论的最后结果如何，我却由此想到了人类社会的生存法则——合作与竞争。

人类社会是在合作中起源的。古代的原始人群，在恶劣的自然环境中依靠合作实现了生存和发展。有的人采到了果子，有的人没采到，大家只有共享才不至于饿死。遇见了麋鹿，大家只有合作才能将它捕获。野兽来了，大家只有一起喊，一起举起火把，才能将野兽吓跑。人类正是靠着合作使自己生存下来，实现了共同发展，从茹毛饮血、刀耕火种的野蛮时代进入了文明社会。

进入文明社会的标志是什么呢?私有制的出现。人们在合作中生产力得了发展，剩余产品出现了。谁来占有呢?于是开始了竞争。你争我夺，尔虞我诈，自相残杀，刀光剑影，血雨腥风。看人类进入文明社会的过程是一个自相残杀的野蛮过程。文明社会经过了几T千年的发展，到了现代，这种竞争变得更加激烈。出现了杀人如麻、血流成河、尸横遍野的两次世界大战。日本被美国的原子弹炸得投降了，热战结束，冷战开始。军备竞赛，争造核弹。用马尾在人类的头顶上悬起了一把达摩克利斯剑，打个喷嚏，也可能把马尾震断，给人类的脑壳戳出一个洞来。大战结束了，小战却不断，从朝鲜到越南，从科索沃到伊拉克，从阿富汗到利比亚，战争的火花噼噼啪啪，爆响不断，六十年过去了，世界无一日安宁。

财富丰富了，人类却不再互帮互助了，开始了互斗互杀。人们用自己创造的财富来残杀同类，战争成了人类生存竞争的最高法则。财富丰富了，人们还想 有更多的财富，于是资源危机、能源枯竭、环境污染等一系的问题出现了。有朝一日，为争夺资源导致核战，将把人类带入昏天黑地的“黑障”时代，那时，人类就用自己创造的财富毁灭了自己。这就是竞争的结果。

国家民族之间是这样，单位、个人之间也是这样。设置了工资奖金许多的等级法则鼓励人们去竞争，给人们带来了心灵的痛苦。我的一个同事，三十多岁，愣是被激烈的竞争整出了癌。连以强身健体为目的的奥林匹克运动，也变成了人们争名逐利的工具。

回到开头那则游戏。按照比赛规则，那两位相拥通过独木桥的选手肯定双双判输，因为他们没把对方挤下去。一将功成万骨枯，权力的圣殿是靠杀戮构建的。本来合作就会双赢，竞争就会两伤，但人类在追名逐利的过程中，竞争却成了生存的最高法则。

人类这是怎么了?本来麻衣素食也活得挺好，现在都锦衣玉食了，争劲却更大了。我想人类一定要靠自己的智慧来扼制自己的欲望，节俭生存成本，这样才能生存下去。可惜这只是我的一厢情愿。那两位相拥通过独木桥的选手，如被判输，这是人性的悲哀。竞争不是人类生存的唯一法则，更重要的还是合作。生产商离不开销售商，销售商还离不开消费者呢。

一、遣词方面：用词要贴切而丰富，善用短语 ,词汇是语言的建筑材料，文章的好坏，选词很关键，如果用词精湛，就会使文章“亮”起来。

1、措辞要贴切具体

试比较下面句子：

A man is walking down the street.

A man is strolling down the street.

通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人，如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛，我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 generous(大方的，慷慨的)，humorous(幽默的)，smart(漂亮的，潇洒的)，kind-hearted，warm-hearted，hospitable(好客的,招待周到的)，gentle(文雅的)，optimistic(乐观的)，easy-going(随和的)，spirited(英勇的)，cultivated(有教养的)，manly(有男子气概的)，knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。

2、要善于运用短语

短语用得好，会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如：

When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)

When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)

3、要避免汉语思维

用词要符合英语习惯，避免汉语思维的影响，如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成，不能随意打乱其搭配习惯，否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”，英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”，而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功)，gain reputation (获得声誉)，attain ones end (达到目的)等。

二、造句方面：句式要准确而多变，活用复合句

简单句用得太多，会造成文章读起来乏味。在评卷员看来，同样意思的内容，能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达，当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强，评分自然就高。

1、巧用非谓语动词

运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。如：

I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed. (2004广东卷)

2、巧用with复合结构

“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性，使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较：

I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)

I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)

3、巧用复合句

高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会使文章出彩。

如：(定语从句) Whats more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.

4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等

使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。

(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.

(感叹句)I thought，“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”

5、巧用排山倒海句

如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可令文章增色不少，会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如：

The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful，to make the air cleaner and fresher，and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

三、谋篇方面：结构要清晰而流畅，巧用过渡词

众所周知，语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子，而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确，要点齐全，更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此，恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子，是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。

下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助：

(1)Firstly...，secondly...，thirdly...，finally...

(2)In the first place...，in the second place...，in the third place...，lastly...

(3)to begin with...，then...，furthermore...，finally...

(4)to start with...，next...，in addition...，finally...

(5)first and foremost...，besides...，last but not least...

(6)most important of all...，moreover...，finally...

如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组：

(1)On the one hand...，on the other hand...

(2)For one thing..., and for another thing...技巧，希望对大家有帮助

成功之道

――汪昭

古人云：“合，则吴越为一体;不合，则骨肉为行路。”“合”即“合作”。

在我看来，通往成功的道路不仅要有合作，更要有竞争。

成功之道需要合作。合作是成功的催化剂。若是刘邦不与项羽合作，如何能轻而易举地推翻暴秦?若是刘备不与孙权合作，如何能保存实力建立接下来的蜀国?观其所以成功者，合作使之然也。当然这样的事例还有很多。新中国若不是与苏联合作，如何站稳脚跟、图谋崛起?西欧各国若不是合作，如何复兴民族，走出经济危机……

然而不是所有的人都明白这点。因而世上也有很多人因为拒绝合作而步入了人生的“滑铁卢”。“秦灭六国”就是一个很好的反倒。若是六国积极合作，奋力抵抗，则或许不为秦人所灭。可现实恰恰相反，他们争先恐后地贿赂秦国，以求一朝一夕的安寝最终却相继灭亡。究其所以败者，完全是不懂得合作而已!

合作固然是重要的，然而竞争却也必不可少。

成功之道需要竞争。竞争是成功的推动力。没有了竞争，人自然就失去了前行的动力。因为不懂得竞争，李煜成了一个亡国之君，作为国主的他不思先祖创业开国之艰，而一味贪图享乐。流连于凤楼龙阁之内，戏游于亭台轩榭之间。不思进取，不思竞争，只训诗赋，不懂干戈。倘使他励精图治，不再偏安一隅，则南唐或许会得以保全也未为可知。

由此观之，竞争是重要的就必然无疑了。因为明白竞争，越王勾践才卧薪尝胆苟且偷生，终于报仇雪耻;因为明白竞争，秦国才任用商鞅，锐意改革，国富兵强;因为竞争……

竞争中亦有合作，合作中亦有竞争。只有学会把合作与成功统一起来，我们才能够在漫漫人生路中获得意想不到的成功。

成功之道在于合作，在于竞争。当我们真正学会了竞争与合作之后，我们才能自立、自强。

成功之道，在于合作，在于竞争。

我是一名学生，在学习中，我经常和好友一起钻研难题。你从一方面考虑、我从一方面出发。渐渐地，题越来越简单，最后很容易就攻克了。

这就是合作，在字典中，合作的意思是：互相配合某事，或共同完成某些任务。军乐队中，鼓手需要于号手相协调，这样才能奏出铿锵有力的军乐。在球场上，球员们要互相帮助，才能得到好的成绩。在制作中，大家要共同用心，在能得到好的制作。

合作在很早以前就有了。远古时期，古人类就互相合作，你去猎物，我去捕鱼，他去摘果子。个个都分配明确。合作不只是在人类中，在昆虫世界里也有合作。如：蚂蚁、蜜蜂……

在学习生活中，合作是不可缺少的。解题，大家互相帮助，背课文，大家互相提问，写字词，大家互相听写。甚至玩耍时也需要合作。每一件东西也是由合作产生的，一辆汽车，有多个厂家提供材料，合作生产而成。一棵树，它是由自身许许多多的细胞不断生长而形成。全世界的空气，也是有全世界的树木产生的。所以，合作是不可缺少的。

合作是一种力量，也是一种财富。在历史上，我们的祖先正是靠着团结合作的力量，告别了蒙昧和野蛮;也真是靠着群体合作的力量才得以生存并发展至今。在今天不论是政治、经济、文化、科技……哪一领域。也不论你从事什么职业，要想顺利完成一项工作，实现自己的理想，都离不开与他人的合作。

古人说：“独学而无友，则孤陋而寡闻。”通过合作学习，大家互相帮助，互相启发，彼此交流，从而获取更多我们解决问题的能力。同时通过合作营造集体互帮互助的良好氛围。在团体中感受群体的力量。体会成功的喜悦。有助于我们形成开朗、活泼、勇敢……积极的个性心理品质。

Mothers Day Mother’s Day is a holiday when children honor their mothers with

cards, gifts and flowers. In many countries, such as Denmark, Finland, Italy,

Turkey, Australia and the US, people cel lebrate Mother’s Day on the second

Sunday in May while many other countries of the world celebrate their own

Mother’s day at different times through out the year.

One of the best ways to celebrate Mother’s Day is to give your mom the day

off. Let her relax with the rest of the family doing all the housework. Usually,

dad and the kids will let mom sleep late that morning as they go into the

kitchen to prepare her favourite breakfast. Never forget to place a vase with a

single flower on the table beside the food. The kids can pick up the flower from

the garden or buy one from the shop. Arrange everything nicely before mom wakes

up. Some families will carry the food and mom’s favourite sections from the

newspaper to her bedroom so that mom can have breakfast in bed. Presents and

cards from the kids can be handed to mom by themselves or just placed on the

dining table.

After breakfast, go anywhere mom likes to go. Shopping, swimming or going on

a picnic in the garden. Make a special Mother’s Day dinner or take mom out for a

great meal in a famous restaurant she loves most.

Anyway ,let mom enjoy the whole day and feel your love, and then the Mother’s

Day can be a good one. As Mother’s Day is around the corner, it’s time to take

actions!

When girls get together, they like gossip. They always talk about the topic of beauty. They will discuss who is the most beautiful girl in school or they will compare the girls and see who is more charming. As the young people, they usually judge people from appearance. The definition of beauty of course is the one who is thinner and has the pretty face. When they ask me which one is more attractive, then I will look at them for a while, because I want to perceive their personality. My view on beauty is not only from appearance as I think most girls have the pretty faces, but also from the inside, only the quality that differentiates them. The pretty faces will fade away anyway, only the quality that helps people to keep charming. So we need to cultivate the good quality.

女孩喜欢八卦，当她们聚在一起时，总是谈论美的话题。她们会讨论谁是学校里最美丽的女孩或者比较谁更有魅力。因为年轻，所以她们通常是从外貌判断一个人，理所当然的认为美丽的定义是瘦跟漂亮的脸蛋。当她们问我哪一个女孩子更有魅力的时候，我会看一会，因为我想想想她们的品行。我觉得大多数女孩都有着漂亮的脸蛋，所以我认为美不仅是外表，还有内心美，只有品行能把她们区分开来。漂亮的面孔会逐渐老去，只有品行可以永远保持魅力。所以我们需要培养良好的品行。

Tourism in China

Recent years have seen a tendency in China that tourism is growing faster. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents travel regularly, and 28% rural residents also make their tour across the country. The survey also shows that more people are interested in tourism, and will join the army in the future.

Facing this tendency, we can’t help exploring some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place, with the policy of reform and opening up, Chinese people’s living standard has been greatly improved, and therefore, most of them can afford to travel around. What’s more, it is believed that people now take a more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a life style. In addition, tourism facilities are becoming better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, and many scenic spots are available now.

中国旅游

最近几年，在中国的趋势，旅游业增长较快。根据最近的一项调查显示一些专家认为，约47%城镇居民定期作出旅行，28%的农村居民，也使他们的全国巡演。该调查还显示，更多的人在旅游有兴趣，并会在将来加入。

面对这一趋势，我们不能不说是负责任的开发一些潜在因素。在第一个地方，随着改革开放政策，对中国人民的生活水平有了很大提高，因此，他们大多数都不能周游。更重要的是，它相信，人们现在更积极的态度，旅游业，把它作为一种生活方式。此外，旅游设施正在变得越来越好。例如，交通运输发展迅速，许多景点都已经上市。