高考英语写作模拟题（实用20篇）

“追求真理，享受过程”这是央视名嘴白岩松的人生处事哲学，“教会孩子们如何体面并且有尊严的输”这是伦敦举办奥运会的目的之一，系列成功的案例也都告诉我们，成功都是输来的。没有输，哪有赢呢?一输一赢之间，教会了我们做人的真谛。

输得清楚，是谨防下一次失败。面对失败，我们应找到那些那些导致自己失败的因素，这也就是大家所说的在失败中摸索。且不说大家都知道爱迪生多少次次失败后才发明了电灯，也不说诺贝尔多少次失败后制成了炸药，更不说有多少人成功只因失败始。欧什为上世纪最伟大的物理学家之一，在费尽周折争取到研究经费之后，他还是一次次失败，除了那次――学校正准备撤走这笔经费，用于其它研究课题并打算驱逐欧什出实验室的时候，欧什成功了――他发现了氦三的超流体性质。据回忆，欧什在学校所给期限的最后一天也没有放弃正常的研究工作，在最后关头总结了自己失败的原因而一举成功。由此可见，在面临失败的时候，我们不必有更多的恐惧，要弄清原因，打破设定的界限，才能从失败中走出来。

输得体面，保持健康竞争心态。常言道：胜败乃兵家常事。不论多么强大的人都有失败的时候。乔治.索罗斯在国破家亡之际，十七岁的他离家留学，曲折的生活经历给了他直面失败的能力。在华尔街大崩溃中他沦为最大的失败者。他输了，但他输得很体面，很刚直，然后以健康的心态扭转了自己的命运，后来发展到富可敌国。当今社会充满了竞争，有竞争必然有输赢，纠结输赢之际，我们更应该培养自己有利于竞争的健康心态，这样才能形成良性竞争，实现失败者与竞争者的双赢结果。由此说来，体面的失败胜过侥幸的成功。

摆脱失败阴影，积蓄逆袭力量。要以一种独特的角度看问题，十六世纪时，鲱鱼的销售是欧洲地区最主要的经济来源，几乎所有沿海国家都有丰富的鲱鱼储备，所以他们也经常因为市场矛盾发起战争。水深火热之中的荷兰，出现了一个威廉姆，他看到鲱鱼因囤积而腐烂，又经过一番观察，发现没有内脏的鱼储存时间较原来长了数百倍。就是靠这个小小的发现，荷兰胜出于其他国家，摆脱了荷兰的长期贫穷，并成为之后的海上强国。而对这一点，马云做得更好。当初在创业时并不被看好，三万美元都借不到的马云，终于遇到了伯乐兼理财大家孙正义，从此一步步走向成功。可见，独特的眼光，可以帮助我们发现失败的真正原因，摆脱失败，走向成功。冷静理性的面对失败，才是开启走向成功之门的一把金钥匙。

马云曾说：“今天你对我爱答不理，明天我会让你高攀不起”。是啊，今天即使是输，我们也要在输中成长;即使是输，我们也要在输中积淀;即使是输，我们也要在明天逆袭，创造属于自己的历史。因而我说：成功，也可以是输来的，因为输来的成功更辉煌。

下面是由语文网为大家整理的高分英语写作九大攻略，希望对你有帮助。

一、文章及段落起始常用的过渡词语

to begin with 首先

【例】To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas. 首先，在公共场合应该禁烟。

first of all 第一，首先

【例】First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty. 第一，在偏远地区许多人还生活在贫困中。

in the first place 首先

【例】In the first place, she can read at the rate of 100 words a minute. 首先，她能每分钟阅读100字。

generally speaking 总体上讲

【例】Generally speaking, the more you practice, the more skillfully you can write in English. 总体上讲，练习地越多，你用英文写作就越熟练。

二、文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语

therefore, thus 因此

【例】Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind. Therefore, we can work more efficiently.

锻炼可以帮助我们增强体质及保持清醒的头脑。因此，我们能够更有效率地工作。

in conclusion 总之，最后

【例】In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage, protect the present water resources and explore potential ones scientifically.

最后，全世界人民都应该意识到水资源短缺的现状，保护现有水资源并科学地开发潜在资源。

in brief 简言之

【例】In brief, birth control is of vital importance in China.

简言之，计划生育对中国来说是十分重要的。

to sum up 总而言之

【例】To sum up, out of sight, out of mind.

总而言之，眼不见，心不烦。

in a word 总之

【例】In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film adapted from it.

总之，读原著胜过看基于它改编的电影。

三、常用表示先后次序的过渡词语

first 第一;second 第二;next 其次，然后;eventually 最后，最终;since then 自此以后;afterward 以后，随后;meanwhile 同时;therefore 因而;immediately 立刻;finally 最后，最终

四、常用表示因果关系的过渡词语

accordingly 于是;for this reason 由于这个原因;as a result of 作为……结果;in this way 这样;consequently 结果，因此;due to 由于……; therefore 因而;because of 因为;thus因为;thanks to 由于

【例】When playing sports, you need to judge your competitor’s strategy and revise yours accordingly. 参加体育活动时，你需要判断对手的策略并相应调整你的策略。

五、常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语

in contrast with 和……成对照;similarly 同样;whereas 然而;on the contrary 相反; different from与……不同;likewise同样; equally important 同样重要; on the other hand 另一方面;however 然而

【例】On the one hand, tonics will make us put on weight, which does harm to our health, but on the other hand, they can help refresh us.

一方面，补品会使我们变胖，这对我们健康不利。但另一方面，补品又能使我们有精神。

六、常用表示举例的过渡词语

a case in point 恰当的例子;for example 举例;namely( that is ) 即，这就是说;for instance 举例

【例】A case in point is the water control project along the Yangtze River.

一个恰当的例子就是长江沿线的水控项目。

七、有关描写图表的过渡词语

during this time 在此期间

【例】During this time, more women took various jobs. 在此期间，更多的妇女找到了各种各样的工作。

apart from 除了……之外

【例】Apart from the figures, the information below the table also suggests the growth of production. 除了数据之外，表格下面的信息同样也反应了生产量的增长。

compared with 与……相比较

【例】Compared with the percentage of the base year, it jumped by 15 percent. 与基准年相比，上升了百分之十五。

from the above table/ chart/ graph 根据上图 (表) 所示

【例】From the above chart, it can be seen that changes do occur in society. 从上面的图表来看社会确实发生了变化。

八、常用表示强调的过渡词语

furthermore 此外;moreover 而且;besides 此外;in fact 实际上;also 而且，也;indeed 的确;again 另外，还;in particular 尤其，特别;naturally 当然，自然，必然

【例】Naturally, he denied that he had committed the crime. 他必然不承认自己犯罪了。

九、逻辑连接词语

先后次序关系：second; last but not the least; seeing …

原因、结果关系：so …; as a result of this; consequently; in consequence

转折关系：even though; though; regardless of

并列关系：also; as well as; either…or…

递进关系：not only…but also…; in order to do it …; accordingly

比较关系：when in fact …; similarly; compared with

对比关系：on the contrary; contrary to; conversely

举例关系：as he explains; like; put it simply; for one thing … for another …

强调关系：particularly; to be true; other things being equal

条件关系：if so; if possible; provide that

归纳总结关系：in brief; in short; the conclusion can be drawn that …

Hello, everyone, welcome to my home. Ma Chi I am positive and optimistic, I am a boy, I was nine years old and a half. My birthday is November 26, so I can eat delicious cake soon. There are five people in my family: look, my grandfather, my grandmother, my father mother and I. Although I dont have a brother and sister, but I live also very happy. Our house is very spacious, there are two bedrooms, a living room and a new study.

My grandma and grandpa are nomads, but its already retired, they look very young, I hope they healthy forever.

My father is a very good driver, hes tall and strong and has a kind heart. My mother is a particularly good secretary, shes hard-working and ingenuity.

I am a lively and active fifth-grade elementary school students, but we like to play volleyball, table tennis, also enjoy doing manual, rollerblading. I love to eat pineapple, sweet and sour, it is very delicious. There are many books in our house, I also love reading all the more, every weekend I would forget all about eating and sleeping.

My mom and dad love me very much, I also love them very much. Dad at leisure, sometimes will take our family of five to foreign travel, mountain climbing, climbing in the desert. As long as you are a free and I will give them to tell jokes, let them relax. Grandma and grandpa kua I am a sensible child, every time at this moment, my heart joy bloom.

I hope everyone has such a harmonious family.

大家好，欢迎来我家做客。我就是积极乐观的马驰，我是一个男孩，我已经九岁半了。我的生日是十一月二十六日，所以我马上就可以吃到美味可口的蛋糕了。我们家有五口人：瞧，我的爷爷、我的奶奶、我的爸爸妈妈和我。虽然我没有哥哥和姐姐，但我生活得也很快乐。我们家非常宽敞，有两个卧室、一个客厅和一个新书房。

我的爷爷奶奶都是牧民，不过已经退休了，他们看上去很年轻，我希望他们永远健康。

我爸爸是一名非常棒的司机，他又高又壮而且心地善良。我妈妈是一个特别优秀的秘书，她勤快而且心灵手巧。

我是一位活泼好动的五年级小学生，我们但喜欢打排球、乒乓球，还喜欢做手工、滑旱冰。我最爱吃菠萝，它又酸又甜，非常好吃。我们家有许多书，我也格外爱看书，一到周末我就看得废寝忘食。

我的爸爸妈妈非常爱我，我也非常爱他们。有时爸爸清闲了，就会带我们一家五口去外地旅游、登山、爬沙漠。而我只要一有空就会给他们讲笑话，让他们轻松一下。爷爷奶奶夸我是个懂事的孩子，每当这时，我的心里乐开了花。

我希望每个人都有这么和睦的家庭。

导语：小编为你整理，每年全国各地的高考英语满分作文，说不定其中就有你不知如何下笔的类型。拿起你的笔记来记录吧，为你的英语作文添亮点，让英语成绩更出色。

【全国卷】

【试题回放】假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫(panda),一直通过有关网站(website)关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫苏琳和她的母亲白云。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：

1、 自我介绍; 2、祝贺苏琳生日; 3、感谢工作人员; 4、索取苏琳三岁生日照。

注意：1、词数100左右;2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3、开头语已为你写好。

例文：

Dear Sir/Madam,

Greetings from China!

Im Li Hua, a student in Sichuan. Ive been a panda lover since I was a child. About three years ago I was delighted to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin and Ive been watching her grow on your website,. Now shes going to be three. Id like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work, because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US.

By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin taken on her third birthday? Thank you very much in advance.

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

一、遣词方面：用词要贴切而丰富，善用短语 ,词汇是语言的建筑材料，文章的好坏，选词很关键，如果用词精湛，就会使文章“亮”起来。

1、措辞要贴切具体

试比较下面句子：

A man is walking down the street.

A man is strolling down the street.

通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。很多同学写作时常随便用一个很笼统的词来描述一个具体事物或人，如 a nice man给人感觉很笼统空泛，我们可以用很多有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如 generous(大方的，慷慨的)，humorous(幽默的)，smart(漂亮的，潇洒的)，kind-hearted，warm-hearted，hospitable(好客的,招待周到的)，gentle(文雅的)，optimistic(乐观的)，easy-going(随和的)，spirited(英勇的)，cultivated(有教养的)，manly(有男子气概的)，knowledgeable(知识渊博的)等等。

2、要善于运用短语

短语用得好，会给评卷员留下深刻印象。如：

When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.( 普通)

When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口) for knowledge.(高级)

3、要避免汉语思维

用词要符合英语习惯，避免汉语思维的影响，如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成，不能随意打乱其搭配习惯，否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”，英语中就不能说“learn knowledge”，而要说acquire knowledge (获得知识) 。类似的动宾结构还有achieve success (获得成功)，gain reputation (获得声誉)，attain ones end (达到目的)等。

二、造句方面：句式要准确而多变，活用复合句

简单句用得太多，会造成文章读起来乏味。在评卷员看来，同样意思的内容，能够运用比较复杂的句式结构来表达，当然会认为其运用语言的能力要比只会用简单句来表达要强，评分自然就高。

1、巧用非谓语动词

运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。如：

I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed. (2004广东卷)

2、巧用with复合结构

“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性，使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较：

I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)

I couldnt go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高级)

3、巧用复合句

高考评分标准强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会使文章出彩。

如：(定语从句) Whats more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.

4、巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等

使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感。

(倒装句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.

(感叹句)I thought，“How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.”

5、巧用排山倒海句

如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可令文章增色不少，会给评卷员眼前一亮的感觉。如：

The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful，to make the air cleaner and fresher，and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

三、谋篇方面：结构要清晰而流畅，巧用过渡词

众所周知，语言的最高层次不是传统语法所说的句子，而是语篇。语篇指的是一系列连接的语段或句子构成的语言整体。一篇好的文章不但句子正确，要点齐全，更重要的是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。因此，恰当使用好连接性的词语和句子，是使作文获得高分的一个重要因素。

下列各组表示列举或补充的短语或句式非常实用，对高考写作很有帮助：

(1)Firstly...，secondly...，thirdly...，finally...

(2)In the first place...，in the second place...，in the third place...，lastly...

(3)to begin with...，then...，furthermore...，finally...

(4)to start with...，next...，in addition...，finally...

(5)first and foremost...，besides...，last but not least...

(6)most important of all...，moreover...，finally...

如果只有两层意思，可选用下列两组中的任一组：

(1)On the one hand...，on the other hand...

(2)For one thing..., and for another thing...技巧，希望对大家有帮助

When I was very small, I like to read the books withpictures, because I did not know the words.

在我还很小的时候，我喜欢看那些有图片的书，因为我还不认识字。

One day, I saw the interesting pictures in the book, Isaw the turtle and the rabbit, but I did not knowwhat it said, so I asked my mom.

有一天，我在一本书上看到了有趣的图片，我看到了乌龟和兔子，但是我不知道上面讲的是什么，因此我问妈妈。

She told me that the turtle and the rabbit were racing, I said there was no doubt that therabbit would win, but my mom smiled and said the turtle won at last because the rabbit was soconfident and slept for a while and missed the time.

她告诉我乌龟和兔子正在比赛，我说肯定是兔子赢，但是妈妈笑笑，说乌龟最后赢了，因为兔子那么自信，睡了一会，错过了时间。

I was shocked, I learned that lagging behind doesn’t mean lose, if we insist, we will have thechance to win.

我很震惊，我学到了落后并不意味着输，如果我们坚持，就有机会取得胜利。

[高考满分英语作文龟兔赛跑原文及翻译

理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有坚定的方向。下来看看语文迷网为大家带来的关于理想的名言素材吧，希望对你有帮助。

1. 燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉!──陈涉

2. 志当存高远。──诸葛亮

3. 贤者能自反，则无往不善;不贤者不能自反，为人子则多怨，为人父则多暴。──袁采

4. 我们活着不能与草木同腐，不能醉生梦死，枉度人生，要有所做为! ──方志敏

5. 你在希望中享受到的乐趣，比将来实际享受的乐趣要大得多。

6. 丈夫志四海，万里犹比邻。——(三国)曹操

7. 人需要理想，但是需要人的符合自然的理想，而不是超自然的理想。——(前苏联)列宁

8. 只要一个人还有所追求，他就没有老。直到后悔取代了梦想，他才算老。——(美国演员)巴里穆尔

9. 青年人啊，热爱理想吧，崇敬理想吧。理想是上帝的语言。高于一切国家和全人类的，是精神的王国，是灵魂的故乡。——(意大利政治家)马志尼

10. 一个人的价值，应该看他贡献什么，而不应当看他取得什么。 —— 爱因斯坦

11. 老骥伏枥，志在千里;烈士暮年，壮心不已。 —— 曹操

12. 杀了"现在"，也便杀了"将来"。────将来是子孙的时代。──鲁迅

13. 上人生的旅途罢。前途很远，也很暗。然而不要怕。不怕的人的面前才有路。──鲁迅

14. 改造自己，总比禁止别人来得难。──鲁迅

15. 战士是永远追求光明的，他并不躺在晴空下面享受阳光，却在暗夜里燃起火炬，给人们照亮道路，使他们走向黎明。──巴金

16. 我们的斗争和劳动，就是为了不断地把先进的思想变为现实。──周扬

17. 不参加变革社会的斗争，理想永远是一种幻影。──吴运铎

18. 人生应该如蜡烛一样，从顶燃到底，一直都是光明的。──萧楚女

19. 古之立大事者，不惟有超世之才，亦必有坚忍不拔之志。──苏轼

20. 落叶——树叶撒下的泪滴，既已落下，何须再弯腰拾起;与其肩负苦涩的回忆，不如走向明天，淋浴春雨

21. 面歧路者有行迷之虑,仰高山者有飞天之志。—— (西晋)付玄

22. 在理想的最美好的世界中，一切都是为美好的目的而设的。

23. 正如冬天到了，春天还会远吗? —— (英国诗人)雪莱

24. 人们似乎每天在接受命运的安排，实际上人们每天在安排着自己的命运。

25. 燕雀戏藩柴，安识鸿鹄游。 —— 曹植

26. 穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。 —— 王勃

27. 首先不要浮躁，你不要觉得我要去融多少资?赚多少大钱等等。你要有简单、淳朴的理想，往往这个理想会成为你一生、半生贡献的事业。你一开始什么都没有，既没有技术也没有人脉的情况下，要做很大的事情成功的概率会很低，你总想着要赚钱、盈利、融资，你不断的失望、落差，会打击创业的积极性。 —— (康盛世纪CEO) 戴志康

28. 不奋苦而求速效，只落得少日浮夸，老来窘隘而已。──郑板桥

29. 骐骥一跃，不能十步;驽马十驾，功在不舍;锲而舍之，朽木不折;锲而不舍，金石可镂。──荀况

30. 一个人有了崇高的伟大的理想，还一定要有高尚的情操。没有高尚的情操，再崇高，再伟大的理想也是不能达到的。──陶铸

31. 夫君子之行，静以修身，俭以养德，非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。──诸葛亮

32. 少而好学，如日出之阳;壮而好学，如日中之光;老而好学，如炳烛之明。──刘向

33. 君子在下位则多谤，在上位则多誉;小人在下位则多誉，在上位则多谤。──柳宗元

34. 古之君子如抱美玉而深藏不市，后之人则以石为玉而又炫之也。──朱熹

35. 一身报国有万死，双鬓向人无再青。──陆游

36. 我是炎黄的子孙，理所当然地要把所学到的知识，全部献给我亲爱的祖国。──李四光

37. 路是脚踏出来的，历史是人写出来的。人的每一步行动都在书写自己的历史。──吉鸿昌

38. 我们是国家的主人，应该处处为国家着想。──雷锋

39. 我们爱我们的民族，这是我们自信心的源泉。──周恩来

40. 愿每次回忆，对生活都不感到负疚。──郭小川

41. 人活着，总得有个坚定的信仰，不光是为了自己的衣食住行，还要对社会有所贡献。──张志新

导语：英国是欧洲西北部的一个国家，也是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国最大和人口最多的组成国。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

England is a nation in northwest Europe and the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total population of the United Kingdom, whilst the mainland territory of England occupies most of the southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain and shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. Elsewhere, it is bordered by the North Sea, Irish Sea, Atlantic Ocean, and English Channel.

England was formed as a country during the 10th century and takes its name from the Angles — one of a number of Germanic tribes who settled in the territory during the 5th and 6th centuries. The capital city of England is London, which is the largest city in the British Isles, capital of the United Kingdom and one of the worlds Global Cities.

England ranks as one of the most influential and far-reaching centres of cultural development in the world;it is the place of origin of both the English language and the Church of England, was the historic centre of the British Empire, and the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution.

The Kingdom of England was an independent state until 1 May 1707, when the Acts of Union resulted in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Englands National Day is St Georges Day (Saint George being the patron saint), and it is celebrated annually on 23 April.

【参考译文】

英国是欧洲西北部的一个国家，也是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国最大和人口最多的组成国。它的居民占英国总人口的83%以上，而英国大陆的领土则占大不列颠岛南部的三分之二，与苏格兰接壤，北面与威尔士接壤。在其他地方，它与北海、爱尔兰海、大西洋和英吉利海峡接壤。

十世纪，英国形成了一个国家，并以盎格鲁人的名字命名，这是一个日耳曼部落中的一个，他们在第五和第六世纪定居于该领土。英国的首都是伦敦，它是不列颠群岛中最大的城市，是英国的首都，也是世界城市之一。

英国是世界上最具影响力和影响深远的文化发展中心之一，是英国语言和英国教会的发源地，是大英帝国的历史中心，也是工业革命的发祥地。

英国王国是一个独立的国家，直到1707年5月1日，当时的联邦行动导致了与苏格兰王国的政治联盟，建立了大不列颠王国。

英国的国庆节是圣乔治纪念日(圣·乔治是守护神)，每年4月23日庆祝。

I live in a city, since I was small, I witnessed all thethings happened in this city.

我住在一个城市，当我很小的时候，我目睹了发生在这个城市的一切事情。

Now, in my eyes, after so many years, the city haschanged so much.First, the transportation hasbecome fluent.

现在，在我眼里，交通变得便利。

Many years ago, there were less bus stations, peoplealways needed to changed their lines by many cars.

很多年以前，公共汽车站点很好，人们总是需要通过换车来改变路线。

But now, almost all the places can be reached by bus, people dont need to change the line.

现在，几乎所有的地方都可以通过公交车到达，人们不用改变路线。

Second, the buildings are enlarging, this reflects the citys economy develops fast.

第二，建筑正在扩大，这反映了一个城市经济的快速发展。

Indeed, I can go to many newly built public places to have fun, some are for children, some arefor the old,

确实，我可以去很多新建的公共场所玩，一些是给孩子的，一些是给老人家的，

all of these are good for peoples communication. The citys change reflects people keep pacewith time.

所有的这些对于人们的交流是有用的。城市的改变反映了人们与时俱进。

[2017年高考满分英语作文

导语：三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。下面是语文迷小编为大家整理的关于勤奋读书的100句名言佳句，欢迎阅读，谢谢!

关于勤奋读书的名言佳句大全【1】

1.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。——孔子

2.学而时习之，不亦说乎?——孔子

3.温故而知新，可以为师矣。——孔子

4.兴于《诗》，立于礼，成于乐。——孔子

5.读书有三到，谓心到，眼到，口到。——朱熹

6.读书之法，在循序而渐进，熟读而精思。——朱熹

7.百学须先立志。——朱熹

8.读而未晓则思，思而未晓则读。——朱熹

9.学固不在乎读书，然不读书则义理无由明。——朱熹

10.书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。——韩愈

11.业精于勤，荒于嬉;行成于思，毁于随。——韩愈

12.一日不书，百事荒芜。——李诩

13.莫等闲，白了少年头，空悲切。——岳飞

14.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。——《长歌行》

15.凡读无益之书，皆是玩物丧志。——王豫

16.书犹药也，善读之可以医愚。——刘向

17.三更灯火五更鸡，正是男儿读书时。黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。——颜真卿

18.磋砣莫遗韶光老，人生惟有读书好。——《宋诗纪要》

19.鸟欲高飞先振翅，人求上进先读书。——李苦禅

20.至乐莫如读书，至要莫如教子。——《增广贤文》

21.尽信书，则不如无书。―――孟子

22.吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。——庄子

23.学而不厌，诲人不倦。——孔子

24.发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至云尔。——孔子

25.三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。——孔子

26.敏而好学，不耻下问，——孔子

27.知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。——孔子

28.举一而反三，闻一而知十，及学者用功之深，穷理之熟，然后能融会贯通，以至于此。――朱熹

29.读书之乐乐陶陶，起并明月霜天高。——朱熹

30.读书之法无他，惟是笃志虚心，反复详玩，为有功耳。――朱熹

关于勤奋读书的名言佳句大全【2】

1.读书以过目成诵为能，最是不济事。――郑板桥

2.贫寒更须读书，富贵不忘稼穑。——王永彬

3.读书谓已多，抚事知不足。――王安石

4.年少从他爱梨粟，长成须读五车书。——王安石

5.纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。——陆游

6.人能不食十二日，惟书安可一日无。——陆游

7.生也有涯而知也无涯。——庄子

8.读书破万卷，下笔如有神。——杜甫

9.立身以立学为先，立学以读书为本。——欧阳修

10.读万卷书，行万里路。——刘彝

11.发奋识遍天下字，立志读尽人间书。——苏轼

12.旧书不厌百回读，熟读精思子自知。——苏轼

13.退笔如山起足珍，读书万卷始通神。――苏轼

14.博观而约取,厚积而薄发。——苏轼

15.读书无疑者须教有疑，有疑者却要无疑，到这里方是长进。——朱熹

16.为学之道，莫先于穷理;穷理之要，必先于读书。 ——朱熹

17.读书譬如饮食，从容咀嚼，其味必长;大嚼大咀，终不知味也。 ——朱熹

18.读书无疑者，须教有疑，有疑者，却要无疑，到这里方是长进。 ——朱熹

19.举一而反三，闻一而知十，及学者用功之深，穷理之熟，然后能融会贯通，以至于此。——朱熹

20.书富如入海，百货皆有。人之精力，不能兼收尽取，但得春所欲求者尔。故愿学者每次作一意求之。——苏轼

21.读书不知味，不如束高阁;蠢鱼尔何如，终日食糟粕。——袁牧

22.立志宜思真品格，读书须尽苦功夫。——阮元

23.非学无以广才，非志无以成学。——诸葛亮

24.读书贵神解，无事守章句。——徐洪钧

25.熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟。——孙洙《唐诗三百首序》

26.书到用时方恨少，事非经过不知难。——陆游

27.书痴者文必工，艺痴者技必良。——蒲松龄

28.书读百遍，其义自见。——陈寿

29.路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原

30.读书破万卷，胸中无适主，便如暴富儿，颇为用钱苦。——郑板桥

关于勤奋读书的名言佳句大全【3】

1.开卷有益。——赵光义

2.盛年不重来，一日难再晨。及时当勉励，岁月不待人。——陶渊明

3.好读书，不求甚解。每有会意，便欣然忘食。——陶渊明

4.奇文共欣赏，疑义相如析。——陶渊明

5.劳于读书，逸于作文。——程端礼

6.三日不读，口生荆棘;三日不弹，手生荆棘。——朱舜水《答野节问》

7.书痴者文必工，艺痴者技必良。——蒲松龄

8.读书志在圣贤，为官心存君国。——朱用纯

9.勉之期不止，多获由力耘。——欧阳修

10.强学博览，足以通古今。——欧阳修

11.人生在勤，不索何获。——张衡

12.用心不杂，乃是入神要路。——袁牧

13.要知天下事，须读古人书。——冯梦龙

14.凡欲显勋绩扬光烈者，莫良于学矣。——王符

15.士欲宣其义，必先读其书。——王符

16.读书如行路，历险毋惶恐。—— 《清诗铎·读书》

17.当以读书通世事。——倪元璐

18.天下事以难而废者十之一，以惰而废者十之九。——颜之推

19.人有坎，失于盛年;犹当晚学，不可自弃。——颜之推

20.学必求其心得，业必贵其专精。——章学诚

21.读书如饭，善吃饭者长精神，不善吃者生疾病。 ——章学诚

22.读书不寻思，如迅风飞鸟之过前，响绝影灭，亦不知圣贤所言为何事，要作何用。——薛宣

23.读之以为肉，寒读之以当裘，孤寂读之以友朋，幽忧读之以当金石琴瑟。——尤袤

24.灵魂欲化庄周蝶，只爱书香不爱花。——童铨

25.风声、雨声、读书声，声声入耳; 家事、国事、天下事，事事关心。——顾宪成

26.读书欲精不欲博，用心欲专不欲杂。——黄庭坚

27.但患不读书，不患读书无所用。——朱舜水

28.刻苦读书，积累资料，这是治学的基础。――秦牧

29.睹一事于句中，反三隅于字外。――刘知几

30.读书数万卷，胸中无适主，便如暴。——列子

31.君子博学而日参省乎己，则知明而行无过矣。——荀子

32.读书好处心先觉，立雪深时道已传。――袁枚

33.读书须知出入法。始当求所以入，终当求所以出。——陈善

34.外物之味，久则可厌;读书之味，愈久愈深。——程 颐

35.读书切戒在慌忙，涵泳工夫兴味长;示晓不妨权放过，切身需要急思量。——陆九渊

36.读书务在循序渐进;一书已熟，方读一书，勿得卤莽躐等，虽多无益。——胡居仁

37.或作或辍，一暴十寒，则虽读书百年，吾未见其可也。——吴梦祥

38.素食则气不浊;独宿则神不浊;默坐则心不浊;读书则口不浊。——曾国藩

39.凿壁偷光，聚萤作囊;忍贫读书，车胤匡衡。——许名奎

40.读书不趁早，后来徒悔懊。—— 《清诗铎·趁早歌》

The Spring Festival comes after New Years Day.Its usually in January or February.Its the Chinese New Years Day.The Spring Festival is the biggest festival in China.All of the Chinese like this festival.When it comes,people are busy.They usually do some cleaning,go to the stores to buy some new clothes and a lot of meat,vegetables and fruit.On the eve of the festival,everyone in the family comes back home from other places.They get together and have a big supper .They eat dumplings,New Years cake and some other delicious food in their houses.Some people like New Years cake,but more people think dumplings are the most delicious food of all.Some families have a party.They sing,dance and have a good time.I like this festival very much because I can play with my friends and I can get "red envelopes".

翻译：

春节是在新年的第一天.通常是在一月或二月.这是中国新年的日子.春节是中国最大的节日.所有的中国人喜欢这个节日当它来了,人正忙着他们通常通过清洁、去商店去买些新的衣服和大量的肉类、蔬菜、水果节日的前夕,家里人是从其他地方回来的他们聚在一起吃一顿丰富的晚餐,他们吃饺子,新年的蛋糕和一些其它美味的食物自己的房屋有些人喜欢新年的蛋糕,但更多的人认为水饺是最好吃的食物.一些家庭举行一个聚会他们唱歌,跳舞,玩得很开心的我喜欢这个节日得并不多,因为我可以玩我的朋友和我还能得到“红包”.

战火后的等待

当看到联邦德国总理勃兰特双膝跪倒在华沙犹太人死难者纪念碑前时，我想那些在二战中被德军残酷杀戮的万千生灵，那些徘徊在另一个世界里的灵魂，终于等到了虔诚的忏悔。

战火的硝烟早已散去，历史等待了六十年，世界等待了六十年六十年后，欧洲人民终于等到了这历史性的跪拜，这是深刻的、源自灵魂深处的跪拜。

二战的血痕渐渐被掩埋在历史的尘土中，同为二战受害国的亚洲各国人民同样等待着日本的忏悔但我们看到的是，日本首相小泉纯一郎竟然在日本无条件投降61周年之际，悍然再次参拜供奉有14名甲级战犯的x国神社，其倒行逆施，一意孤行，令人发指。没有人会希望看到战争，然而战争却仍在不断爆发流离失所的难民，痛失亲人的孤儿，嗷嗷待哺却失去粮食供应的婴儿，经常通过各种媒介闯入我们的视野。

流血，死亡

生命，并非为成为子弹的活靶而生谁也没有权利剥夺一个无辜者的生命当子弹射入又一个颤栗的躯体时，我似乎看见了他惊恐而绝望的眼神他直直地望着你，没有言语，张大的眼睛迸射出绝望，他此刻正在思考什么？是回击？是躲避？是父母妻儿？是美好的生活？

也许什么都是，也是什么都不是，但我猜想，当生命的最后一滴从他躯体中流去时，他会在内心质问苍天：“为什么要战争？”为什么要战争？这也是许许多多人思考的问题，并非子弹的攒射，导弹地轰炸才会让人和和气气；并非侵入他国领土，屠戮无辜生命才能解决国际争端

我庆幸自己出生在一个和平的国度里，然而那整天躲避狂轰滥炸的孩子呢？

世界呼唤和平，人民渴望安宁只有和平，地球才能名副其实地做人类的摇篮；只有和平，经济才能发展，人们才能摆脱贫困；只有和平，人类才能继承和发扬文化传统，创造新的灿烂文明

德国总理面对受害者真诚的跪拜固然让人称赞，日本首相面对加害者拙劣的跪拜固然令人愤慨，但那无数人用生命书写的战火后的等待，不仅是真诚的忏悔；我们更迫切等待的，是再无战争，只有和平与友谊

等待永恒的和平，期待永恒的安宁

[点评]这是一篇关注时事、胸怀世界的大气之作，在众多的写日常生活之等待的题材中，令人耳目一新作者把德国总理的忏悔之跪和日本首相的顽固之拜、欧洲人民60年等待后的欣慰和亚洲人民61等待后的失望作对比，褒贬鲜明，并结合世界局部战争连绵不断的

现状，愤怒抨击了战争的罪恶，表达了等待永恒的和平，期待永恒的安宁的良好愿望善于使用对比和排比句，句式灵活，长短结合，整散相间，语言准确而鲜明

高考作文最重要的一个技巧，就是卷面工整，字迹清晰。阅卷老师在打分时，第一眼看到的就是考生的字迹，所以作文想要得高分，就要先把字写好。切记不要字迹潦草。

考生在写作文的时候，要注意分段。如果是3、4个段落，则显得过少，8、9个段落，则显得比较琐碎。段落过多和过少都会引起阅卷老师的视觉疲劳，从而会影响分数。其实，对于作文分段中，还是要以五六个最佳。这样的段落分布是最舒服的。

高考作文中，一般都是自命题作文或是半命题作文。如果题目起的好，作文就成功了一半了。考生在平时写作文时，在作文题目上就要多加练习，可以自己去网上搜一些题目写作方法和技巧，多加练习。

考生在写高考作文时，先不要着急动笔，要先列提纲比较好。在写作文的时候，列提纲是很关键的。考生在列提纲的时候，要注意把开头和结尾写的详细一些。另外，高考考试时间有限，所以列提纲的时候，时间要掌握好，5-8分钟最佳。

标签： 环保 社会 健康 时评

近年来，随着大气污染防治日益被重视，雾炮车也火了起来。据报道，国内多地采购了这一新型工具上路，采购方多是当地环保局、市政公司，每台均价近70万元，其中河北鸡泽县环保局出手最大方，中标价为130多万元。但专家表示，说雾炮车能除霾并不科学，实际上就是个洒水的东西。

一个“洒水的东西”，不仅耗费了巨额公共财政资金，还被地方有关部门吹得神乎其神，似乎有此一“神器”，就可以克霾制胜，澄澈大气，确实是够神奇的。

仅仅是不知情、不了解吗?恐怕未必。从媒体报道可知，地方政府并非真的相信雾炮车可以除霾，刊登在媒体上的相关降霾指标，也都是经由厂商之口发布的，监测部门并无具体数据。既如此，为何还会笃定相信这样的“神器”?甚至显得比卖家还有信心?

一方面，雾霾之下，地方政府往往焦头烂额，上有严厉的环保督查，下有民众纷纷扰扰的吐槽，而出于经济指标以及政绩的考量，若要真正“壮士断腕”去产能、谋转型，又难以割舍。情急之下，只好弄出一些奇招、怪招作为一种应对之策。不管是不是能真的解决问题，不妨先把架势拉开，场面功夫做得足一些，总强过无所作为。

这也可以解释，为什么一些地方有动力去在空气监测点附近做文章，要么给空气探测器戴个口罩;要么把监测点设在植物茂密、环境相对更好的公园，并不间断洒水除尘，等等。这些做法的本质其实都是一样的，那就是以小修小补来应付上面的问责与下边的口碑。

另一方面，也与一些部门的利益冲动有关。当下，大气污染治理已经成为很多地方的重要工作，相应地，政府在财政投入上也往往不遗余力，这也使得以往的财政软约束变得更软，只要是与治霾相关的投入，价格并不成问题。这样，当政府的大手大脚与企业的逐利行为相遇，必然会迅速形成共识。这也可以解释为什么会有那么多企业投身所谓的“环保产业”。

按道理讲，环保产业本身并无问题，经济发展到一定阶段，环保产业自然会发展起来。但这里边的前提是让市场的归市场、政府的归政府，不能以治霾之名，滥用公共财政。据报道，某镇级政府在购置雾炮车时，制定的技术标准怪异，有专门为了满足某一企业而设计的嫌疑。此类招标造假的背后，不排除存在利益输送的可能。

其实，当下各地雾霾的形成，应该是长期的工业化污染物超量排放的结果，而治理之策，既要下大力气根除污染源，也要从调结构、转方式等基础性工作做起，等不得，但也急不得。任何试图立竿见影、一蹴而就的想法和做法，都是不切实际的。与其急功近利，还不如踏踏实实地做好手头的工作，点滴寸进，久久为功。

至于那种寄希望于“神器”的拍脑瓜决策，更是一种行政虚妄。此举非但不能根治雾霾，反而会将关系民众切身利益的环境治理搞成权力的生意。

作者：胡印斌(媒体评论员)

1. 内容切题

内容切题是命题作文的基本要求，考生可从以下几个方面入手：

第一要认真审题。根据题目类别，弄清文体的要求，并判明文章的种类(议论文、说明文、记叙文)，同时确定文章要阐明的主题或要表达的中心思想，若题目已经提供了提纲，还要注意弄清各提纲要点之间的逻辑关系。考生在拿到作文题后，切勿惟恐时间不够，提笔就写。一旦跑题，发现了再改就来不及了，常言道：“磨刀不误砍柴工”。

第二要注意设计安排段落。根据文章的中心思想，确定各个段落的主题内容和主题句。如果是议论文，一般要从论点的正反两个方面来考虑，首先是某观点的合理成分或某物的长处，然后是该观点的不合理成分或该物的短处，最后阐明自己的观点。如果题目提供了提纲，只要把提纲扩展成主题句即可。

第三要避免将记忆里较熟悉的句子生拉硬扯地搬进作文，使作文结构松散，意思不明确，甚至会偏离主题。

2. 表达清楚，文字连贯

文章要做到表达清楚，文字连贯，文章各段落就必须根据提纲所确立的不同主题来展开，而且各段落的主题句要将段落的各个部分凝聚在一起，流利地表达段落大意，使段落中各部分以及段落之间的联系一目了然。

3. 句式有变化

有些考生对写作没信心，不敢大胆地使用所掌握的语言基础知识，包括英语句法知识，结果整篇文章都是以主、谓、宾句式为主的简单句子，文章显得刻板无生气。实际上，

导语：网络是把双刃剑，我们不能一概的批评，很多东西都是有利有弊的，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的相关优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

We should say that every coin has its two sides. So it is with surfing on line.

Generally speaking, students will benefit a lot from Internet. People can get lots of useful information through the Internet quickly ,no matter it is national or throughout the world. We can also listen to the music and chat with the friends far away.The most important of all is that we can search many foreigners who speak English as their native languge, which can help us improve our Enlish rapidly.We can send Email to our good friends in a few seconds---with the internet your friend dont need to wait for so long time as receiving a letter as before.

But it also can spread many side effects.for example ,there are some sexy news and pictures on web which will not do good to teenagers. And there are some games that can easily attract the students and even make you addict to the games so you can waste a lot of valuable time.

On the whole it will give you both good and bad things, the thing matters much is how do you make use of it.

【参考翻译】

我们都说任何事物都有其两面性，所有上网也不例外。

总的来说，学生通过互联网还是受益颇多的，我们可以很快从网上取得很多有益的信息，不管是国家的还是世界的。还可以在网上听音乐和远方的朋友聊天，最重要的是可以接触到很多讲英语的外国朋友和他们当地的方言，以帮助我们快速提高英语水平。通过互联网我们远方的朋友不再像以前一样需要花很长一段时间才能收到信件，只需几分钟就可以给我们的好朋友发送邮件。

但同时也带来很多不同的影响，比如，很多不利于青少年的色情新闻或者图片在网上出现，同时还有很多易于吸引学生的游戏甚至长时间沉溺于游戏。

总的来看很多东西都有利有弊，就看你如何去利用它。

Dear David,

Im glad youll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful,

and many foreigners are learning it now. Its difficult for you because its

quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as

possible. Its also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV

and listen to the radio to practise your listening. Do your best to talk with

people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from

people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. Im sure youll

learn Chinese well.

Hope to see you soon in Beijing.

Yours,

Wang Ming

导语：人生真正的欢欣，就是在于你自认正在为一个伟大目标运用自己;而不是源于独自发光、自私渺小的忧烦躯壳，只知抱怨世界无法带给你快乐。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的作文素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1.奋斗、寻觅、发现，而不屈服。 ——诗人丁尼生

2.所有口述手写的辞句中，最悲哀的就是“本来可以……”——美国诗人惠蒂尔

3.啊!到达人生的尽头，才发现自己没活过。——梭罗

4.好的木材并不在顺境中生长;风越强，树越壮。 ——马里欧特

5.所有主体客体及人类文化活动之全部。 ——杜威

6.智者不只发现机会，更要创造机会。——培根

7.若无胆量，永远不可能升到高位。 ——赛鲁士

8.前往伟大的颠峰之路，必定崎岖。 ——赛尼嘉

9.若不好到至极，就不算伟大。——威廉·莎士比亚

10.每个意念都是一场祈祷。——詹姆士·雷德非

11.医生知道的事如此的少，他们的收费却是如此的高。 ——马克·吐温

12.复杂中带着简单的思考，是人和动物的分别。——皮雅

13.对一般人而言，凡事要思考并不是什么麻烦的事。 ——詹姆士•布莱斯

14.成功不是全垒打，而要靠每天的、经常的打击出密集安打。——Robert J• Ringer

15.了解面对逆境，远比如何接受顺境重要得多。——马丁·赛力格曼

16.绝不测量山的高度─除非你已到达顶峰，那时你就会知道山有多低。 ——哈马绍

17.没有人爬山只为爬到山腰。为何甘于平庸呢?——詹姆士·哈特

18.世界进步的历史是由那些不愿向失败者俯首称臣的人写下来的。 ——西祖

19.输赢并不在乎外在的强弱─完全发挥你内在的特质才是重要。——道格拉斯·马洛

20.只要你想象得到，你就能做到;只要你能梦见，你就能实现。 ——威廉·雅瑟·渥德

21.要使一件工作获得最大的成就，尊重自己的情绪是很重要的。——不知名

22.写作就跟生活一样，是一趟发现之旅。——亨利·米勒

23.一本好书是大师心灵的鲜血，可以一代一代地保存珍藏。 ——强恩·米尔顿

24.如果你是个作家，这是比当百万富豪更好的事，因为这一份神圣的工作。 ——哈兰·爱里森

25.成为一个成功者最重要的条件，就是每天精力充沛的努力工作，不虚掷光阴。 ——威廉·戴恩·飞利浦

26.人生成功的秘诀是，当机会来到时，立刻抓住它。——班杰明·戴瑞斯李

27.不停的专心工作，就会成功。 ——查尔斯·修瓦夫

28.过去的事已经一去不复返。聪明的人是考虑现在和未来，根本无暇去想过去的事。 ——英国哲学家培根

29. 真正的发现之旅不只是为了寻找全新的景色，也为了拥有全新的眼光。 ——马塞尔·普劳斯特

30.这个世界总是充满美好的事物，然而能看到这些美好事物的人，事实上是少之又少。 ——罗丹

31.你要确实的掌握每一个问题的核心，将工作分段，并且适当的分配时间。——富兰克林

32.爱不能单独存在，它的本身并无意义。爱必须付诸行动，行动才能使爱发挥功能。 ——德蕾莎修女

33.要能感觉存在，就需加强对美的感受力。——詹姆士·雷德非

34.将爱的能量传送给别人，我们自己就会变成一条管道，吸纳来自上天的神圣能源。而那种玄秘体验是我们每个人都得以品尝的! ——詹姆士·雷德非

35.我们都随时处于正在学习的过程。 ——Don Shimoda

36.人类心灵深处，有许多沉睡的力量;唤醒这些人们从未梦想过的力量，巧妙运用，便能彻底改变一生。——澳瑞森·梅伦

37.凡是内心能够想到、相信的，都是可以达到的。 ——Napoleon·Hill

38.一个客观的艺术不只是用来看的，而是活生生的。但是你必须知道如何去靠近它，因此你必须要做静心。 ——OSHO

39.烦恼使我受着极大的影响……我一年多没有收到月俸，我和穷困挣扎;我在我的忧患中十分孤独，而且我的忧患是多么多，比艺术使我操心得更厉害! ——米开朗基罗

40.有两种东西，我们对它们的思考愈是深沉和持久，它们所唤起的那种愈来愈大的惊奇和敬畏就会充溢我们的心灵，这就是繁星密布的苍穹和我心中的道德律。 ——康德

41.我们的生活似乎在代替我们过日子，生活本身具有的奇异冲力，把我们带得晕头转向;到最后，我们会感觉对生命一点选择也没有，丝毫无法作主。 ——索甲仁波切

42.对"战士旅行者"而言，选择其实不是去选择，而是优雅地接受"无限"的邀请。——唐望

43.真正的艺术家从来不会去想到完美， 而他的动作是如此地全然，而完美就是来自于它。 ——OSHO

44.每一年，我都更加相信生命的浪费是在于：我们没有献出爱，我们没有使用力量，我们表现出自私的谨慎，不去冒险，避开痛苦，也失去了快乐。 ——约翰·B·塔布

45.微笑，昂首阔步，作深呼吸，嘴里哼着歌儿。倘使你不会唱歌，吹吹口哨或用鼻子哼一哼也可。如此一来，你想让自己烦恼都不可能。——戴尔·卡内基

46.、当一切毫无希望时，我看着切石工人在他的石头上，敲击了上百次，而不见任何裂痕出现。但在第一百零一次时，石头被劈成两半。我体会到，并非那一击，而是前面的敲打使它裂开。 ——贾柯·瑞斯

47.人生不是一支短短的蜡烛，而是一只由我们暂时拿着的火炬;我们一要把它燃得十分光明灿烂，然后交给下一代的人们。 ——萧伯纳

48.虚荣心很难说是一种恶行，然而一切恶行都围绕虚荣心而生，都不过是满足虚荣心的手段。 ——柏格森

49.习惯正一天天地把我们的生命变成某种定型的化石，我们的心灵正在失去自由，成为平静而没有***的时间之流的奴隶。 ——托尔斯泰

50.要及时把握梦想，因为梦想一死，生命就如一只羽翼受创的小鸟，无法飞翔。 ——兰斯顿·休斯

51.生活的艺术较像角力的艺术，而较不像跳舞的艺术;最重要的是：站稳脚步，为无法预见的攻击做准备。 ——玛科斯·奥雷利阿斯

52.在安详静谧的大自然里，确实还有些使人烦恼、怀疑、感到压迫的事。请你看看蔚蓝的天空和闪烁的星星吧!你的心将会平静下来。——约翰·纳森·爱德瓦兹

53.对一个适度工作的人而言，快乐来自于工作，有如花朵结果前拥有彩色的花瓣。 ——约翰·拉斯金

54.没有比时间更容易浪费的,同时没有比时间更珍贵的了，因为没有时间我们几乎无法做任何事。——威廉·班

55.人生真正的欢欣，就是在于你自认正在为一个伟大目标运用自己;而不是源于独自发光、自私渺小的忧烦躯壳，只知抱怨世界无法带给你快乐。 ——萧伯纳

56.有三个人是我的朋友 爱我的人、恨我的人、以及对我冷漠的人。爱我的人教我温柔;恨我的人教我谨慎;对我冷漠的人教我自立。——J·E·丁格

57.称赞不但对人的感情，而且对人的理智也发生巨大的作用，在这种令人愉快的影响之下，我觉得更加聪明了，各种想法，以异常的速度接连涌入我的脑际。 ——托尔斯泰

58.人生过程的景观一直在变化，向前跨进，就看到与初始不同的景观，再上前去，又是另一番新的气候。 ——叔本华

59.为何我们如此汲汲于名利，如果一个人和他的同伴保持不一样的速度，或许他耳中听到的是不同的旋律，让他随他所听到的旋律走，无论快慢或远近。 ——梭罗

60.我们最容易不吝惜的是时间，而我们应该最担心的也是时间;因为没有时间的话，我们在世界上什么也不能做。 ——威廉·彭

何为美也?凡应天地之造化，顺神灵之善意者，无论山川秀水，青草红花，万物皆为美!

何谓山美?有泰山峰峦叠嶂之巍峨;有华山千峰万仞之奇险;有黄山山明水秀之瑰丽;可为美!若无泰山之巍峨;华山之奇险;黄山之瑰丽，则有静谧之感;祥和之态;包容之心，能纳花草树木，飞鸟走兽，又不失大气，也可谓美!

何谓水美?水清为美;水静为美;水博为美。然，水至清则无鱼，少了灵动;水至静则死水，少了生气;水至博能载舟，亦能覆舟，少了包容。总之，水清而不缺灵动;水静而须有生气;水博而不失包容，才能谓美!

何谓人美?男有总角之憧憬;不惑之担当;耄耋之空禅，女有豆蔻之清纯;亦有花信之窈窕;能勤俭持家，可为美!知书识礼，心存感恩，明辨是非，晓忠孝者亦可为美!不假于物，不在其表，不攀比，心灵美，善行善建着是至美!

有人好高山之巍峨，有人好潭水之静谧，有人好美酒之微醺，有人好清茶之平淡。好高山者不喜潭水之僻凉;好潭水者不喜高山之张扬;好美酒者不喜茶之清淡;好清茶者不喜酒之辛辣，殊不知:高山总与水相依，酒总与茶共饮

若有倾城之容颜，无善良之仁心，到头来只是红粉枯骨，不可谓美;任你翩翩公子，玉砌于身，若无长德之品行，亦谓不美。故，人之美者，在于内，仁人之美，重于修身养性，若以厚德载物，必然与美长存。

人间至美着，应修其身，养其性，无关外貌，无关阅历，无关家世，有感恩之心，有善良之意。美有千万种，各色各样，适于己，美于心，万物皆美!

1、开门见山，开篇迅速入题

议论文的开头应如“凤头”，小而好看，即三言两语，摆出观点，以引发读者的喜爱和思考。

2、选材要新颖、典型

选举的事例要有时代性，如果是旧材料则要“挖”出新意。举例要准确无误，有代表性，能充分证明自己要表达的观点。

3、分析、举例相结合

一般的初学议论文的学生总是叙大段事例来证明自己的观点，缺乏分析，不能做到人们常说的摆事实，讲道理。

4、合理使用结构形式

议论文一般使用并列，递进式、对比式、总分式几种结构形式进行论证。考生应根据论点的特点及自己的写作需要选取论证结构形式，也可以综合运用两种以上的结构形式。

5、注意结尾回应题目，总结全文

好的结尾是短而有力，既照应了中心，回应了题目，使全文浑然一体，又能给人以深深的思考，留下回味的空间，收到非凡的成效。