初中生英语作文健康对我们来说是重要的(精选20篇)
导语:说话就像一场心灵的考验能折射出你的人格与内涵。其实,说话是一门哲学,也是有分寸和尺度的。下面是开学吧小编为大家整理的写作素材,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!
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1000初中学生记录劳动节的重要日记
全文共 583 字
+ 加入清单忙碌的五一假期过去了,令我最难忘的是我们参观深圳博物馆的“潇湘铜华”展览。
一进展厅,我就看到琳琅满目、大小不一、年代不同的青铜器,有大大小小的乐器,的比最小的要大-倍;有用来装的食物和酒的鼎;还有一些装饰品,如大象、猫头鹰、野猪。
商代的古人为什么要制造这些青铜器呢?据说,古人对鬼怪神灵非常恐惧,他们祭拜神灵,而这些鼎、豆等器物就是用来装祭拜的食物的。古人用青铜制造出乐器,在巫师施法时可以弹奏音乐来吓唬妖魔鬼怪。军队打仗时也要敲击青铜乐器,作为进攻和收兵的信号。当然,古人平时的生活也离不开青铜器,用来装食物、蒸煮食物的。
青铜器上的花纹,分为两大类,一类是几何纹,另一类是动物纹。几何是一种有规律的图案,有云雷纹、弘纹、连珠纹、乳丁纹。动物纹有大象、猫头鹰、龙、凤鸟、马、牛等。
马纹铜簋,是一个圆形的缸,很特别的是这个缸的底部是方形的底座。方形底座的四个角分别有一匹马,马头的上方,元缸的颈部,也有一个马头。马的造型的器具十分少见,而且胎壁较薄,具有湖南本地的特色。
商铜象尊,高22.8厘米,长26.5厘米,它巨大的身体上有许多蛇形的花纹,显得很繁杂。象的眼睛平视前方,好像发现了前面有一堆草,准备过去吃。这具象的象牙很短,但鼻子却很长,一个翘过头顶,象鼻的头部有一小部分突起、尖尖的,像小鸟的尖嘴。这座象尊,看上去很逼真,很威猛。
难忘的五一假期,真让我记忆深刻。
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篇1:初中暑假的英语
全文共 1317 字
+ 加入清单This afternoon, my father took me to the Olympic swimming, I was very happy, because for the first time I go to, have been very much looking forward to, every time my dad said, but did not go into, finally can go this time. But then I thought: "our two people will be bored, so I invited my brother and uncle to play."
I went swimming with my brother in the swimming pool. Has begun! First I was in the front, then I was a little tired, my brother was speeding up the "overtaking", and finally I couldnt get over it, I lost!
Then, my brother and I against uncle and father, I took my gun "embedded" underwater, brother to guide dad and uncle to come over, I suddenly emerged from the water, with water gun against them. We have a method, is "a diversion" we are currently using to a place where water spray nozzle, uncle and father went away in the past, we attack from behind them. The attack succeeded.
In the end, we won 2-1! We are so happy! Ill be back next time. I had a great time this summer vacation
今天下午,爸爸带我去奥体游泳,我高兴极了,因为我第一次去,一直很期待,每次爸爸都说去,可是都没有去成,这次终于可以去了。可是我又一想:我们两个人玩会无聊的,所以我就邀请了哥哥和叔叔一起来玩。
进了游泳池我和哥哥比赛游泳。开始了!首先我在前面,后来我有点累了,哥哥马上加速“超车了”,最后我一直反超不了,我输了!
然后,我和哥哥对战叔叔和爸爸,我拿着水枪“埋入”水底,哥哥把叔叔和爸爸引过来,我突然从水里冒出来,用水枪攻击他们。我们又有了一个方法,就是“声东击西”我们现用水枪向一个地方喷水,叔叔和爸爸就走了过去,我们从他们的背后攻击。攻击成功了。
最后,我们2比1的分数赢了!我们十分的开心!下次我还要来。今年的暑假我过得十分欢乐
篇2:多与家人朋友沟通交流初中英语作文
全文共 1590 字
+ 加入清单Live with thankfulness Do you know Thanksgiving Day?Do you know why human thank God? Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November, a different date every year. The President must proclaim that date as the official celebration.
Thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing. Even if they live far away, family members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative. All give thanks together for the good things that they have. In this spirit of sharing, civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need, particularly the homeless. On most tables throughout the United States, foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional. What should we thank?
The thankful great universe provides the environment of existence for us and give us sunlight, air, water and everything in keeping with we existence of space, bring storm to let us accept to toughen for us, bring to us mysterious let us look for. The thankful parents give us the life, make us feel the merriment of the human life, feel the genuine feeling of the human life, feel the comity of the human life, feel happiness of the human life, also feel hardships and pain and sufferings of the human life!
The thankful teacher works with diligence and without fatigue everyday of teach, give us knowledge ability, put on the wing which flies toward the ideal for us. The thankful classmate and friend grows up road of, let I no longer standing alone in the itinerary of life;The with gratitude is frustrated and let us become in a time the failure stronger.
篇3:初中暑假英语作文:mylife
全文共 622 字
+ 加入清单I study in XX middle school. My school is very big and beautiful.
I often get up atX.00 a.m. Ten minute later I have my breakfast. Our classes begin at X.00 a.m. we have eight lessons every day. I often have Chinese,English and Maths lessons in the morning. I go home for lunch at about X.00 p.m. From X.XX to X.XX p.m, we have other lessons like Geography, History, Biology, Political and PE.
I don’t like play basketball,football and pingpang. But I like run.
I very like English and Computer lessons. English is very important. It is very hard to learn. Computer lesson is very interesting.
My school life is very colorful.
篇4:保护环境初中英语作文
全文共 487 字
+ 加入清单How to protect the environment
Good environment can make people feel happy and fit . To improve the environment means to improve our life.
We should plant more trees and flowers around us . We shouldn’t cut them down . We should stop factories from pouring waste water into the river and waste gas into the air.
Whenever we see litter on the ground , we should pick it up and throw it into dusbins. Never spit in public. Don’t draw on public walls. It’s our duty to protect the environment.
篇5:暑假日记初中英语作文
全文共 758 字
+ 加入清单this year‘s summer vacation was most enjoyable. i spent fifteen days helping my grandparents doing farm work in the countryside, where i saw mountains fields covered with green plants. sometimes i went swimming in the river to the west of the village, the water in which was quite clear.
i kept a diary every day. besides doing farm work, i help the children in the neighborhood with their lessons. all of them showed interest in english. they could read write wellthey could hardly understand simple english. so every day in the morning i spent about two hours helping them improve their listening spoken english. they all made great progress. their parents all thought highly of me. i now realize that knowledge is very needed in the countryside.
篇6:安全驾驶很重要的英语作文模板
全文共 734 字
+ 加入清单It is Important to Drive Safely
Now, there are many people having cars. Many people go out will drive their cars. Because people and cars are becoming more and more, the roads are seemed smaller and smaller. It is easy to appear accidents because of people’s carelessness. For example, drunk driving, absent-minded, and some other carelessness will lead to car accident. People need to aware the importance of driving safely and pay attention to their behavior. Only in this way, the injury can be reduced. People will have less sadness. The world will be more beautiful.
现在,很多人有车了。他们都会开车出去。由于人和车越来越多,道路似乎就变得越来越小。由于人们的疏忽,会很容易发生事故。例如,酒驾,心不在焉,还有其他一些不小心都会导致车祸。人们需要意识到安全驾驶的重要性,注意自己的行为。只有这样才能把损伤降低。人们才会少了很多悲伤。这个世界也会更美好。
[安全驾驶很重要的英语作文模板
篇7:2024初中英语教师个人工作计划
全文共 1062 字
+ 加入清单一、指导思想:
围绕课改完善和深化学科教学常规,严格执行教研室、学校的各项教育、教学制度和要求,加强英语学科与信息技术的整合,聚焦常态课堂,关注教师成长,强调团队合作精神,全面提高英语教学质量,切实抓好校本科研、校本培训,从而促进全体英语教师的业务水平。
二、基本思路:
1、教学目标:培养兴趣,加强学法指导,抓常态课堂、高效课堂,稳固提高英语教学质量。
2、教研目标:组织进行校内外的教学研究活动,认真撰写论文,组织老师上研究课、示范课,通过研讨、评课等形式,做好课后反思,使本组教师理论与实践水平共同提高。
三、具体工作:
1、加强理论学习,更新教学理念,全面推进素质教育。全体英语教师都要抽出时间学习新理论,以先进的教育理念指导自己的教育教学实践。改进评价内容和评价方法,即努力做到关注学生学业成就的同时,还要关注学生情感态度、行为方式的发展,注重培养学生综合实践的能力,全面提高学生的素质。
2、强化教学常规的落实,提高课堂教学效率,组织教师认真学习学校教学常规,指导检查教师的教学工作,特别抓好“备课”、“上课”、“课后辅导”、“培优辅导”等主要环节,鼓励教师充分发挥教学特长,有效提高教学效率。
3、加强集体备课仍是本学期教研组工作的重点,因此要做到有计划、有目标、有实效,不走形式,各备课组每周至少活动一次,时间固定,要紧紧围绕教研组活动的主题,并有活动记录。以集体力量、集体智慧来提高英语组全体教师的业务水平。
4、打造“常态课堂、高效课堂”。教研组各教师认真学习常态课堂的基本要求,并每人按计划上一次公开课,要求集体备课,及时评课,找出不足,共同学习,共同促进,以学生的主体作用为重点,以合作学习的时效性为重点,从而来实现高效课堂。
5、加快信息技术学习进程,从而推动学科教学与信息技术的整合。组织所有教师运用现代教学理念设计多媒体教学辅助课件,组织多媒体教学观摩活动等,达到能将多媒体高效运用于英语教学中。
6、加强初三毕业班工作的研究,提高毕业班教学效率,组织全组成员认真学习《大纲》、《中考说明》,加强对中考动向的信息收集和试题研究。抓好听、说、读、写综合技能的培养,特别注重学生阅读能力的训练,另外所有英语教师要协助九年级教师搞好中考复习和模拟考试,力争中考第一仗顺利。
7、组织本教研组教师撰写论文。英语组要确定教研专题,全体英语教师通过理论学习和校本培训,不断反思、探索,并联系实际积极撰写英语教育教学论文。
总之,在校领导的带领下我们英语组全体组员会开拓进取,不断完善自己,将教学质量放首位,为学校的教育事业贡献力量。
篇8:初中英语作文大全
全文共 464 字
+ 加入清单A letter of thanks
Dear mother ,
The mothers day is coming and I would like to say “Happy mothers day” in
this letter. I love you and thank you so much for everything you did for me.
This day,I will stay away and cant give you my appreciation at home. I know I
will watch myself,so dont worry about me. I am doing very well on my study. My
schoolmates and teachers are all very nice. Though I cant be at home, I hope
you will have a wonderful mothers day.
Your son,
Li ming
篇9:初中一年级英语上册
全文共 888 字
+ 加入清单我的假期
I’m going to the sun on my holiday. I will go there by a spaceship. I will take a big blue spaceship。
then I’ll pilot the spaceship to the sun. the sun is very hot. So I put on the super-shirt. In the morning, I will have some sun burger for my breakfast.
At eight o’clock, I will play with my friends there. they are super dog and super girl. Super dog is white and black. Super girl is very clever. Super girl and super dog like to play with me. So I play with them for forty minutes. then I do my homework in my little red room on a small blue table. After my home work, I will have my lunch. I will eat sun salad. I will make some red toy bear to the sun babies. I will have red juice, red fish and red rice. All the things are red. then I need a lot of water on the sun because the sun is too hot. So I will walk to the spaceship. I’ll pilot the spaceship to the earth.
篇10:初中语文重要文学常识
全文共 8211 字
+ 加入清单一、重要作家作品
先秦时期
1,《诗经》,又称《诗》或《诗三百》,是我国最早的一部诗歌总集,记录了西周初年到春秋中叶约500年的诗歌约305篇,分为“风”“雅”“颂”三部分,是各地的歌谣。形式以四言为主,手法多用“赋”“比”“兴”。《诗经》为我国现实主义诗歌创作的源头。它与《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》合为儒家“五经”。里面的名篇《关雎》《蒹葭》是我国最早的爱情作品,反映了人们对美好爱情的向往和追求。
2,孔子(前551-前479),名丘,字仲尼,春秋时鲁国陬邑(现山东曲阜)人。我国古代的思想家,教育家。《论语》是一部记录孔子言行的著作,为孔门弟子编写,是儒家思想的经典之作。南宋朱熹把这部书和《孟子》《大学》《中庸》合称“四书”。相传,《诗经》为孔子删定。
3,左丘明,春秋时期鲁国史官。相传《国语》《左传》为其所撰。《国语》是我国最早的国别体史书。以记西周末年和春秋时期周,鲁等国贵族的言论为主。《左传》是我国第一部叙事详备的编年体史书,按照鲁国国君的世系纪年,记载了我国自公元前722年以后250多年的许多史料。也称《春秋左氏传》,又名《左氏春秋》,与《公羊传》《谷梁传》合称为《春秋三传》。
4,《曹刿论战》:《左传》里的精彩章节,记述了齐鲁长勺之战,叙述了曹刿战前献策和战中协助鲁庄公。文章以简明的问答形式,表现了曹刿的政治见解和军事才能。
5,《孟子》:孟子和弟子著,是儒家的经典著作之一。孟子(前372—前289)名轲、字子舆,战国时邹人。(今山东邹县)。是孔子以后的儒家代表,有“亚圣”之称,战国时期的思想家、教育家。儒家思想代表人,后世“孔孟”常并称。《得道多助,失道寡助》、《生于忧患,死于安乐》、《鱼我所欲也》等都是里面的名篇。
《得道多助,失道寡助》论述了治国平天下的大道理,表明作者实行“仁政”的政治主张。《生于忧患,死于安乐》论述逆境对人才成长、国家兴衰的重要性。两篇短文运用对比、举例的论证方法,充分证明了观点。《鱼我所欲也》也出自《孟子》,论述了“舍生取义”的重要主张。学习这篇文章,可以了解孟子散文“气势磅礴、感情强烈、生动活泼”的特点。
6,《公输》选自《墨子?公输》,《墨子》是一篇以对话为主的叙述性文章,一般认为是墨子的弟子及其再传弟子对墨子言行的辑录,表现他“兼爱”“非攻”的主张。
两汉时期
1,刘向:汉朝人。《战国策》是汉朝刘向所编,是中国古代的一部史学名著。它是一部国别体史书。全书按东周,西周,秦国,齐国,赵国依次分国编写,是先秦历史散文成就最高,影响最大的著作之一。分东周、西周、秦、齐、楚、赵、魏、韩、燕、宋、卫、中山十二策。主要记述了战国时期的纵横家的政治主张和策略,展示了战国时代的历史特点和社会风貌,是研究战国历史的重要典籍。《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》和《唐雎不辱使命》都是《战国策》里的名篇。
2,《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》:选自《战国策》,描写邹忌婉词规劝齐威王广开言路、博采众长、修明政务的故事,表现了邹忌巧妙的说理技巧。
3,《出师表》:作者为三国时期政治家、军事家诸葛亮。
4,《陈涉世家》:节选自《史记》。《史记》为西汉著名史学家司马迁所著。原名《太史公书》,后世通称《史记》,是中国西汉时期的历史学家司马迁编写的一本历史著作。《史记》是中国古代最著名的古典典籍之一,与后来的《汉书》、《后汉书》、《三国志》合称“前四史”。《史记》最初无固定书名,或称《太史公书》,或称《太史公记》、《太史公传》,也省称《太史记》、《太史公》。《史记》最初没有固定的书名,有的称作“太史公书”,也有称作“太史公记”的。到了三国时期,这本书才被明确称为“史记”。本书的体例如下:
十表(大事年表);
八书(记各种典章制度,记礼、乐、音律、历法、天文、封禅、水利、财用),对后世的影响极为巨大,被称为“实录、信史”,被鲁迅先生誉为“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”,列为前“四史”之首,与《资治通鉴》并称为“史学双璧”。因此司马迁被后世尊称为“史迁”、“史圣”。与司马光并称“史界两司马”,与司马相如合称“文章西汉两司马”。
十二本纪(记历代帝王生平、政绩);
三十世家(记诸侯国和汉代诸侯、勋贵兴亡);
七十列传(记重要人物的言行事迹,主要叙人臣,其中最后一篇为自序);
魏晋时期
1,陶渊明:名潜,字元亮,浔阳柴桑人。东晋诗人、散文家。著有《陶渊明集》。
著名篇章《桃花源记》《饮酒》。
2,(南北朝)刘义庆(公元403—公元444),字季伯,汉族,原籍南朝宋彭城(今江苏徐州)人,文学家,世居京口,南朝宋宗室,南朝宋文学家。刘义庆自幼才华出众,爱好文学。除《世说新语》外,还著有志怪小说《幽明录》。《世说新语》是由他组织一批文人编写的。宋武帝刘裕之侄,长沙景王刘道怜之次子,其叔临川王刘道规无子,即以刘义庆为嗣,袭封临川王赠任荆州刺史等官职,在政8年,政绩颇佳。后任江州刺史。刘义庆是刘宋武帝的堂侄,在诸王中颇为出色,十分被看重。
代表作品:《世说新语》
《世说新语》是魏晋南北朝时期“志人小说”的代表作。依内容可分为“德行”“言语”“政事”“文学”“方正”等三十六类,每类收有若干则,全书共一千多则,每则文字长短不一,有的数行,有的三言两语,从此可见笔记小说“随手而记”的诉求及特性。它是中国魏晋南北朝时期“笔记小说”的代表作,由南朝宋刘义庆召集门下食客共同编撰。全书分上、中、下三卷,依内容分有:“德行”、“言语”、“政事”、“文学”、“方正”、“雅量”、“识鉴”等等,共三十六类,每类收有若干则,全书共一千多则,每则文字长短不一,有的数行,有的三言两语,由此可见笔记小说“随手而记”的特性。
《世说新语》主要记述世人的生活和思想,及统治阶级的情况,反映了魏晋时期文人的思想言行,和上层社会的生活面貌,记载颇为丰富真实,这样的描写有助读者了解当时士人所处的时代状况及政治社会环境,更让我们明确的看到了所谓“魏晋清谈”的风貌。
《世说新语》原为8卷,今本作3卷,分德行、言语、政事、文学、方正、雅量、识鉴、赏誉等36门,主要记述东汉末年至晋代士大夫清高放诞的言谈逸事,较多地反映了当时士族的思想、生活和风气。鲁迅曾指出:“这种清谈本从汉之清议而来。汉末政治黑暗,一般名士议论政事,其初在社会上很有势力,后来遭执政者之嫉视,渐渐被害,如孔融、祢衡等都被曹操设法害死,所以到了晋代底名士,就不敢再议论政事,而一变为专谈玄理;清议而不谈政事,这就成了所谓清谈了。但这种清谈的名士,当时在社会上仍旧很有势力,若不能玄谈的,好似不够名士底资格;而《世说》这部书,差不多就可看做一部名士底教科书。”
此外,《世说新语》善用对照、比喻、夸张、与描绘的文学技巧,不仅使它保留下许多脍炙人口的佳言名句,更为全书增添了无限光彩。
如今,《世说新语》除了文学欣赏的价值外,人物事迹,文学典故、等也多为后世作者所取材,引用,对后来笔记影响尤其大。
唐朝时期
1,王维:字摩诘,唐代杰出诗人、画家。苏轼对其评价:“诗中有画,画中有诗。”
代表作品:《使至塞上》。
2,李白:字太白,号青莲居士。被称为“诗仙”,唐朝浪漫主义大诗人。
代表作品:《行路难》、《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》。
3,杜甫:字子美,被称为“诗圣”,唐代现实主义诗人。他的诗被评作“诗史”。
代表作品:《望岳》
4,白居易:字乐天,号香山居士。
代表作品:《钱塘湖春行》
5,刘禹锡:字梦得,文学家,诗人。
代表作品:《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》、《陋室铭》
6,柳宗元:字子厚,世称柳河东,唐代文学家。
代表作品:《小石潭记》
《小石潭记》选自《柳河东集》,作者柳宗元是唐(朝)文学家。字子厚,因其出生于河东,故又称柳河东。其人文名远播,与韩愈并称“韩柳”,和韩愈、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩等七人并称“唐宋八大家”。
7,杜牧(803~852)字牧之,号樊川居士——唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”,与李商隐并称“小李杜”——晚年居樊川别墅,世称“杜樊川”——著有《樊川文集》。
代表作品:《赤壁》、《泊秦淮》
8,温庭筠(约812—866)原名岐,字飞卿--晚唐--诗词人--花间派——诗与李商隐齐名,并称“温李”;词与韦庄齐名,并称“温韦”
代表作品:《望江南》、《商山早行》
9,李商隐(813-858):晚唐著名诗人,和杜牧合称“小李杜”,与温庭筠合称为“温李”,为“三十六体”。
代表作品:夜雨寄北》、《无题》
10,李煜(937-978),五代十国时南唐国君——史称李后主——千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等诗,被称为“千古词帝”。
代表作品:《相见欢》
宋朝时期
1,范仲淹:字希文,北宋政治家、文学家。
代表作品:《渔家傲》、《岳阳楼记》
《岳阳楼记》借“记”名,表达对友规箴之意。文章叙事写景抒情议论相结合,环环相扣气势宏大。骈散结合语言凝练,形象富于音乐美。
2,王安石:字介甫,号半山,北宋政治家、文学家。
代表作品:《登飞来峰》
3,苏轼:字子瞻,号东坡居士,北宋文学家,豪放派代表词人。
代表作品:《记承天寺夜游》《水调歌头》
4,欧阳修:字永叔,号醉翁,晚年又号六一居士,宋代文学家、史学家。
代表作品:《醉翁亭记》
《醉翁亭记》写景叙事抒情熔为一炉。以口诀记忆如下:
秀丽环境精笔描,自然风光变化多。
勾勒与民同乐图,抒发作者政(治)理想。
排遣抑郁复杂情,与民同乐是主旨。
5,李清照:号易安居士,宋代杰出的婉约派女词人。
代表作品:《如梦令》《醉花阴》
6,辛弃疾:字幼安,号稼轩,南宋爱国词人、将领,豪放派代表词人。
代表作品:《西江月》、《破阵子》《》《》
7,陆游:字务观,号放翁,南宋爱国诗人。
代表作品:《卜算子咏梅》《诉衷情》《游山西村》《》
8,朱熹:字元晦,号晦庵,别号紫阳,南宋哲学家、教育家。
代表作品:《观书有感》
9,文天祥:南宋爱国诗人。
代表作品:《过零丁洋》
10,郭茂倩(1041-1099),--《乐府诗集》--(郭茂倩--宋)--南北朝北方乐府民歌
代表作品:《木兰诗》《长歌行》
11,赵师秀(1170~1219)——南宋诗人。字紫芝,号灵秀,又号天乐,著有《清苑斋集》
代表作品:《约客》
元明清时期
1,马致远:元朝戏曲家,著有演绎王昭君出塞故事的《汉宫秋》等。
代表作《天净沙秋思》
2,关汉卿:号已斋叟,大都(北京)人,元朝家。1958年被评世界和平理事会评为“世界文化名人”。
代表作品:《窦娥冤》、《望江亭》、《救风尘》、《单刀会》、《南吕?四块玉?闲适》。
3,《西游记》作者是明朝的吴承恩,是一部神话小说,书中记述了唐僧、孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚师徒四人取经,历经九九八十一难的精彩故事,为中国四大名著之一。本书主要描述了孙悟空大闹天宫、唐僧出世和师徒四人西天取经等故事,赞扬了以孙悟空为主的师徒四人不畏艰险、百折不挠的可贵精神。这部小说善于说故事,可读性强;善于塑造人物形象,它所塑造的孙悟空、猪八戒等人物使人过目不忘;全书充满了天马行空的和大胆奇特的夸张。其中大闹天宫、三打白骨精、三借芭蕉扇的故事尤其为人所熟知。
人物形象及对应的典型情节和性格特征:
孙悟空:大闹天宫、三打白骨精、真假美猴王、智取红孩儿、三借芭蕉扇;他勇敢机智、嫉恶如仇,不怕困难,坚忍不拔,英勇无畏,取经后被封为斗战胜佛。却也喜欢“戴高帽”、好胜心强、喜欢搞点恶作剧。
猪八戒:四圣试禅心、三打白骨精、大战流沙河;
他性格温和,憨厚单纯,力气大,但又好吃懒做,爱占小便宜,他对师兄的话言听计从,对师父中心耿耿,为唐僧西天取经立下汗马功劳,最后被封为“净坛使者”。是个被人们喜爱同情的喜剧人物。
唐僧:三打白骨精、四圣试禅心;
他举止文雅、性情和善,崇信佛法,佛经造诣极高、严守戒律、目标明确、立场坚定、勇往直前的精神坚不可摧;但有时贤愚不分、好坏不辨。他西行取经遇到九九八十一难,始终痴心不改,在孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚的辅佐下,历尽千辛万苦,终于从西天雷音寺取回三十五部真经。最后被封为“旃檀功德佛”。
沙和尚:保护唐僧西天取经路上,任劳任怨,忠心不二,取经后被封为“金身罗汉”。
4,《水浒传》是中国历史上以白话文写成的章回小说,被后人归为中国古典四大文学名著之一。其内容讲述北宋山东梁山泊以宋江为首的绿林好汉,由被迫落草,发展壮大,直至受到朝廷招安,东征西讨的历程。特别是通过众多草莽英雄不同的人生经历和反抗道路,鲜明地表现了“”的主题,是一部反抗封建暴政的英雄传奇。又名《忠义水浒传》,全书定型于明朝。作者历来有争议,一般认为是施耐庵所著。
这部小说人物形象生动惟妙惟肖;本书采取了先分后合的链式结构,使小说的故事情节环环相扣,头绪众多而线索分明,在语言上,小说采用古白话,所以本书语言描写生动形象,活灵活现。
精彩章节:鲁提辖拳打镇关西、花和尚倒拔垂杨柳、景阳冈武松打虎、智取生辰纲等。
人物形象及对应的典型情节和性格特征:
(花和尚)鲁智深:拳打镇关西、倒拔垂杨柳、大闹野猪林;嫉恶如仇、侠肝义胆、粗中有细、勇而有谋、豁达明理。
(行者)武松:血刃潘金莲、斗杀西门庆、醉打蒋门神、大闹飞云浦、血溅鸳鸯楼、除恶蜈蚣岭;崇尚忠义、勇而有谋、有仇必复、有恩必报,是下层英雄好汉中最富有血性和传奇色彩的人物。
(智多星)吴用:智取生辰纲;足智多谋、神机妙算。
(豹子头)林冲:误闯白虎堂、风雪山神庙、火烧草料场、雪夜上梁山;武艺高强、勇而有谋,但为人安分守己、循规蹈矩、被逼上梁山。
(黑旋风)李逵:真假李逵、中州劫法场;嫉恶如仇、侠肝义胆、脾气火爆、头脑简单、直爽率真。
(及时雨)宋江:私放晁盖、怒杀阎婆惜、三打祝家庄;为人仗义、善用用人,但总想招安。
(青面兽)杨志:杨志卖刀、智取生辰纲;精明能干、粗暴蛮横。
5,宋濂:元末明初文学家
代表作品:《送东阳马生序》,本文的“序”,并非序言,而是赠序。
6,《聊斋志异》:著名文言篇小说集,是蒲松龄的代表作。蒲松龄,字留仙,一字剑臣,别号柳泉居士,世称“聊斋先生”,山东淄川人,清代文学家。“聊斋”是蒲松龄的书屋的名字,“志”是记述的意思,“异”指奇异的故事。全书有短篇小说491篇。多数作品通过谈狐说鬼的手法,对当时的社会腐败、黑暗进行了有力的批判,在一定程度上揭露了社会矛盾,表达了人民的愿望。里面的名篇有《狼》等,告诉我们对待像狼一样的恶人要敢于斗争、善于斗争。
7,吴敬梓:清朝文学家,代表作《儒林外史》。我们学过这里面的《范进中举》。口诀记忆如下:
清代小说家吴敬梓,字敏轩来号粒民;
晚年自号文木老人,著有《文木山房诗文集》。
《儒林外史》代表作,五十五回章回体;
长篇讽刺小说第一部,揭露科举制度的。
8,罗贯中(约1330年-约1400年),名本,字贯中,山西并州太原人,汉族,号湖海散人。他是元末明初著名小说家、戏曲家,是中国章回小说的鼻祖,代表作《三国演义》。14岁时母亲病故,于是辍学随父亲去苏州、杭州一带做生意。元朝末年,天下大乱,群雄并起,罗贯中也曾参与其中。“有志图王”的罗贯中在苏州结识施耐庵,以师徒相称,两人一同参加位于平江(即苏州)的张士诚反元起义政权,做过一段时间幕僚后离开。曾与另一位吴王朱元璋为敌,在明朝成立之后,罗贯中放弃读书人步入官场的机会,创作《残唐五代史演义传》《隋唐志传》等著作。
《三国演义》,全名为《三国志通俗演义》,中国古代长篇历史章回小说。作者一般被认为是元末明初的罗贯中,是四大名著中唯一一本根据历史事实改编之小说。演义以史为据,以儒家思想为本,强调“忠义”;着重描写战争,讲述汉末黄巾之乱至魏、蜀汉及吴三国鼎立,到西晋统一百余年间历史,刻画了众多英雄人物。
开篇诗词
《临江仙》
(明)杨慎
滚滚长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄。
是非成败转头空,青山依旧在,几度夕阳红。
白发渔樵江渚上,惯看秋月春风。
一壶浊酒喜相逢,古今多少事,都付笑谈中。
《三国演义》描写的是从东汉末年到西晋初年之间近一百年的历史,反映了三国时代的政治军事斗争以及各类社会矛盾的渗透与转化。在对三国态度上,尊刘反曹鄙吴是民间的主要倾向,以刘备集团作为描写的中心,隐含着人民对汉室复兴的希望和皇室正统思想,尽管这些旧有观点已不容于今日。清人毛氏父子批改三国演义时,把明代流传下来的版本中不实讥望、怪力乱神之处删除勘正。鲁迅在《中国小说的历史的变迁》称:“因为三国底事情,不像五代那样纷乱;又不像楚汉那样简单;恰是不简不繁,适于作小说。而且三国时底英雄,智术武勇,非常动人,所以人都喜欢取来做小说底材料。”
著名事件:黄巾起义—董卓乱政—逐鹿中原—曹操崛起—孙策立业—刘备兴起—赤壁之战—孙刘争荆州—马超兴兵复仇—刘备成帝业—关张之死—诸葛用兵—六出祁山—司马懿篡位—三国归晋。
精彩章节:关羽在一杯热酒未凉的工夫,斩了敌方大将华雄,收到曹操赏识敬重
过五关斩六将:关羽与刘备失散,暂居曹营。曹操一心想收服关羽,三日一小宴,五日一大宴,赐美女、金银、官职等物品,关羽独留下赤兔马,以便来日寻刘备方便。听到刘备下落后,关羽将官印吊于屋中,带上嫂嫂,奔向刘备。途中没有曹操批准,在五个关口受到阻拦,关羽皆杀之闯关。后曹操命人加急送来出关令,也是日后关羽在华容道放走曹操的一个原因。
三顾茅庐:刘备为请诸葛亮出山,三次与关羽、张飞到草庐去请他,谦恭有礼,是后人善待臣子的佳话。诸葛亮发表了他著名的三分天下见解,称《隆中对》。
三气周瑜:刘、孙联合破曹,但孙吴的水军都督周瑜气量狭小,多次想法害诸葛亮而不得,被诸葛亮三次出招气死,临死前大喊:既生瑜,何生亮!
草船借箭:周瑜让诸葛亮三天造十万支箭,却不给充足的材料和人力,本是想以此陷害。但诸葛亮妙算天象,用草人布在船的两侧,趁第三天大雾潜入曹营,曹操多疑,不敢冒然出兵,便放箭攻击,于是天明雾散,诸葛亮白得曹操十多万支箭,命士兵大喊:谢曹丞相赐箭。
借东风:孙、刘破曹须用火攻,但风向不对,周瑜心急如焚,病倒在床。诸葛亮算出某日必有东南风,探望时便开了一个药方:欲破曹公,宜用火攻。万事俱备,只欠东风。周瑜痊愈,杀孔明之心顿起。诸葛亮便乔装鬼神借风,一可令众人对自己更加钦佩,二可趁机逃离东吴。
赤壁之战:孙、刘联手,在兵力对比悬殊的情况下,抵御了曹操大军。用火攻将曹操击败。是历史上著名的以少胜多战役的经典(还有官渡之战、肥水之战)
智算华容:诸葛亮算出曹操赤壁一败后必将走华容道,但此时不能杀曹操,否则北方必乱,便将此人情送与了关羽。由于昔日曹操对关羽有恩,云长又极重人情,将曹操放走。
水淹七军:关羽负责守荆州,利用白河之水淹死敌人数万大军,取得胜利。
大意失荆州:关羽由于自负,忘记了诸葛亮“东联孙权,北拒曹操”的计策,与孙吴结仇,被吕蒙装作穿白衣的商人入了城,破了荆州。
败走麦城:关羽失掉荆州,被困麦城。刘备一个义子见死不救,终被孙权所杀。
空城计:司马懿攻打刘备,城中只剩下诸葛亮和一些老兵。孔明用奇计,自己在城门上弹琴,几个老兵打扫城门,门洞大开,司马懿却认为孔明一生谨慎,定有埋伏,遂走而不攻。
火烧连营:刘备为关羽、张飞报仇心切,攻打东吴,却不会用兵,在山林中扎寨。被陆逊火烧连营七十里,一败涂地。
托孤白帝城:刘备临死前,在白帝城将刘禅托给诸葛亮,命其如可立则立之,不可便废而自立。
死诸葛吓走活仲达:诸葛亮死后,料定司马懿定会知晓,趁机攻打,便命姜维将自己尸身保存好,口中放入麦粒。出兵时将自己放在阵前给司马懿看。果然后者一看诸葛亮没死,以为其乃天人也,不可算计,退兵而走。
单刀赴会:关云长不带兵将赴东吴鲁肃之邀,然后借醉挟持鲁肃,安全脱身,显示出英雄虎胆及过人机智。
千里走单骑:关云长挂印封金,护送两位嫂子千里投奔大哥刘备,一路之上过五关、斩六将、最终完成使命。
二、古代文学常识散记
1,唐宋八大家:韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、曾巩、欧阳修、三苏(苏洵、苏轼、苏辙)
2,古典四大名著:《水浒传》(施耐庵著)、《三国演义》(罗贯中著)、《西游记》(吴承恩著)、《红楼梦》(曹雪芹著)。
3,文章两汉两司马:司马相如、司马迁。
4,史界两司马:司马迁、司马光。
5,三曹:曹操、曹丕、曹植。
6,初唐四杰:王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王。
7,元曲四大家:关汉卿、郑光祖、白朴、马致远。
8,乐府双璧:《木兰诗》、《孔雀东南飞》
9,三吏三别:《石壕吏》《潼关吏》《新安吏》和《新婚别》《垂老别》《无家别》。
篇11:初中电脑英语
全文共 539 字
+ 加入清单Computer is a very useful machine. Some of them are big, but some of them
are very small .Many people like playing computer. Computer has many functions,
so that people can do a lot of things by computer, like watching movies,
listening to the music or playing games. It can make our lives very colorful and
convenient. Various people can make good use of computer. Children can use
computer to learn and play games. Parents can use computers to work. I think
computer is a kind of wonderful and interesting machine, so I like computer very
much.
篇12:高一英语作文:健康成长
全文共 867 字
+ 加入清单导语:我们都想快乐健康地长大成人,下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的英语作文,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!
We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.
Firstly, we should develop a good attitude to life. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. We should be brave in front of difficulties. Secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. If we have the power, we can help to build our country and enjoy life better. Lastly, in order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit. We can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a days study. If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.
【参考翻译】
我们都想快乐健康地成长,为了这个目标我们必须做几件事。
首先,我们应该培养良好的生活态度。生活不仅有阳光,也有艰难时期。我们应该勇敢面对困难。其次,我们必须努力学习,因为知识就是力量。如果我们有力量,我们就能帮助建设我们的国家,更好地享受生活。最后,为了好好学习,我们需要做运动,以便我们能够保持健康。一天的学习后,我们可以去跑步,玩球类运动或只是散步。如果我们把这些事情做好,我们就能幸福健康地成长。
篇13:初中英语作文大全
全文共 597 字
+ 加入清单My grandparents came to visit me in the weekend. I was so happy because I
hadnt seen them for a long time. I missed my grandmas delicious food, because
she always knew what my stomach liked. My job was to take them to hang around
the city. I took them to the famous sites, where were so leisure and full of
local features. Walking on the old street with historical materials, they had so
much feelings, and thought about the old times and taught me to cherish the
things I had. I kept their words in mind. At night, I helped my grandma to cook
dinner. All the people sat in the table and had a nice talk.
篇14:初中三年级学生英语
全文共 445 字
+ 加入清单The Spring Festival
The Spring Festival comes in winter。 It is the most important traditional festival in China。
People usually go home to spend the festival with their family。 They have a big family get-together。 The Chinese people have big meals and watch TV during the Spring Festival。 They also visit their friends and relatives。
Children like the Spring Festival very much because they needn’t go to school and they have a lot of time to play。
篇15:初中英语作文:我的朋友
全文共 739 字
+ 加入清单Lucy once was my classmate, but now she has moved to another city. However, we communicate with each other all the time, sharing our lives with each other. When she firstly moved to the new city and went to the new school, she did not adapt very well. But she is outgoing and talkative, it did not take very long time for her to get on well with others. She is so kind that people are likely to make friends with her. Therefore, I do not worry about her in the new environment. I hope she will have a new start in the new city and school and I am sure she certainly will.
露西曾经是我的同学,但现在她已经搬到另一个城市。然而,我们彼此交流,彼此分享我们的生活。当她第一搬到新的城市,去了新学校,她并没有很好地适应。但她是外向和健谈,这并没有花很长的时间让她与别人相处。她很善良,人们很可能和她交朋友。因此,我不担心她在新的环境。我希望她在新的城市和学校有一个新的开始,我相信她一定会。
篇16:如何保护环境初中英语作文
全文共 457 字
+ 加入清单good environment can make people feel happy and fit . to improve the environment means to improve our life.
we should plant more trees and flowers around us . we shouldn’t cut them down . we should stop factories from pouring waste water into the river and waste gas into the air.
whenever we see litter on the ground , we should pick it up and throw it into dusbins. never spit in public. don’t draw on public walls. it’s our duty to protect the environment.
篇17:关于健康早餐英语
全文共 1107 字
+ 加入清单As people are so busy with their work, they go to work directly in the morning without eating breakfast. Some people think not having breakfast does no influence on their body health. Some believe breakfast is important to people’s body health. In my opinion, I’m convinced that we should have breakfast because it is good for our body health.
First of all, breakfast offer us the energy we need for the day. Before breakfast, our body has consumed all the energy we get from previous meal. Consequently, we need to eat some food in the morning to get enough energy and nutrient to support our body. If we don’t have breakfast, then we have no enough energy to do our work efficiently.
Secondly, people who skip breakfast will get weight easily. If you don’t have breakfast, then you will eat more food at noon and in the evening. Generally speaking, we don’t have much excise in the evening while we eat too much food. As a result, the surplus calorie will be stored in our body and make us fat.
All in all, people should eat breakfast for the good of our health and for the good of keeping a good body shape.
篇18:我的初中英语暑假生活作文
全文共 840 字
+ 加入清单暑假期间我经常去看望我的爷爷奶奶,他们都已经70岁了,住在乡下。夏天的乡下非常漂亮,我可以在那里做很多有趣的事情。我习惯一大清早起床,呼吸新鲜空气,聆听鸟儿欢唱,欣赏绿树红花和门前的小河。我还喜欢跟伙伴们一起钓鱼。夜幕降临时,我就坐在树下,听奶奶讲动听的故事。我也会给她讲一些城里的新鲜事。每次该回城时,我总是恋恋不舍。我确实喜欢乡下的生活。
I often go to see my grandma and grandpa during my summer vacation.They are both seventy years old and live in the country happily. Summer view of the countryside is very beautiful. I can do many interesting things there. I am used to getting up early in the morning, breathing the fresh air,listening to the birds singing, and enjoying the green trees, red flowers and the river. I like fishing with my friends. When night comes, I sit under the tree with my grandma, listening to her telling me many funny stories. And I tell her some new things happening in the city. When I have to go back,I am always reluctant to go. I really feel happy living in the country.初中作文
篇19:关于茶的英语作文初中
全文共 1688 字
+ 加入清单"When a guest comes to my home from afar on a cold night, I light bamboo to
boil tea to offer him.”— Ancient Chinese poem.
China is the home country of tea. Before the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea was
exported by land and sea, first to Japan and Korea, then to India and Central
Asia and, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, to the Arabian Peninsula. In the early
period of the 17th century, Chinese tea was exported to Europe, where the upper
class adopted the fashion of drinking tea. Chinese tea—like Chinese silk and
china—has become synonymous worldwide with refined culture. At the heart of the
culture of tea—the study and practice of tea in all its aspects—is the simple
gesture of offering a cup of tea to a guest that for Chinese people today is a
fundamental social custom, as it has been for centuries.
China traces the development of tea as an art form to Lu Yu, known as "the
Saint of Tea" in Chinese history, who lived during the Tang Dynasty and who
wrote The Book of Tea, the first ever treatise on tea and tea culture. The
spirit of tea permeates Chinese culture, and throughout the country there are
many kinds of teas, teahouses, tea legends, tea artifacts and tea customs.
Better-known places to enjoy a good cup of tea in China include Beijing noted
for its variety of teahouses; Fujian and Guangdong provinces and other places in
the southeast of China that serve gongfu tea, a formal serving of tea in tiny
cups; the West Lake in Hangzhou, also the home of the Tea Connoisseurs
Association, noted for its excellent green tea; and provinces in southwest China
like Yunnan where the ethnic groups less affected by foreign cultures retain tea
ceremonies and customs in original tea-growing areas.
篇20:初中英语作文:爸爸的生日
全文共 825 字
+ 加入清单Todayis my father’s birthday, but he doesn’t celebrate it. It’s because he must worktoday. I say happy birthday to him in the morning. And I prepare a birthdaycard for him, which I draw it by myself.
I wrote “Happy birthday to you, mydear daddy. Best wishes from your dear daughter. I love you.” When I gave it tohim, he was so happy and smiled to me. At night, we have a delicious dinnerwhich is my father’s favorite dishes cooked by my mother.
She says it’s herbirthday gift to my father. I think it’s enough because we all enjoy thedinner.
My father says that my mother and I give him a happy and belovedbirthday.
今天是我爸爸的生日,但是他没有特别地庆祝,因为他今天还要工作。早上,我对他说生日快乐,并把自己准备的生日贺卡给他。我在贺卡上写:“祝亲爱的爸爸生日快乐,您亲爱的女儿给您送上最美的祝福,我爱您。”我把贺卡送给他时,他开心地对我笑了。晚上,我们吃了一顿美味的晚餐,都是爸爸喜欢的菜色。妈妈说这是她为爸爸准备的生日礼物。我认为这足够了,因为我们都吃得很尽兴。爸爸说我和妈妈给了他一个快乐、情意浓浓的生日。