初中生英语作文健康对我们来说是重要的精选20篇

My mother tall body, not fat is not thin, his forehead with a few silk shallow wrinkles, his face often hanging smile.

Mother was kind, she taught me from an early age to be honest, treat people to be generous, from childhood to cultivate my good character.

I remember something I always forget. It was a hot afternoon, the sun was like a big fireball baked the earth. I do in the room, kept fan fan, but sweat or kept rolling down. I said to my mother: "Mom! The weather is too hot, hot to death! I want to eat popsicles." Mom said: "Go, I take you to buy some popsicles." Then they picked up the wallet.

To the place to buy popsicles, I picked the popsicles, my mother from the wallet took out a 50 yuan of the whole vote handed to buy popsicles uncle, uncle looking for money, my mother and then rushed home.

Home, my mother to find a few numbers back, said to himself: "Huh ye not right, a total of 7 dollars, how to get back 45 yuan?" I heard, happy to say: "great My mother stared at me, angrily said: "more looking for 2 yuan, we should be sent back, can not covet the money, Those small cheap! Besides, people selling popsicles is not easy! "Then, my mother braved the burning sun, the 3 yuan to the people sent to the.

Sleep at night, I can not sleep in bed, think of things during the day, suddenly understand that a person from the bit by bit to start things, not because of the little bit in front of cheap, to make some sorry things. This thing has a great education for me, I love my mother, I admire her heart.

[初中写我的妈妈英语作文

Love is everything. Love is the most brilliant thing in the world. Because

of love, our world turns out to be a sunny place.

We couldnt go without love. For instance, love can help us communicate

with each other very well, love can help us overcome all the difficulties, love

can help us get rid of our unhappiness, love can turn our enemies into our

friends, and our destinies can also be changed by love.

Whats more, love is a bowl of rice for a hungry beggar, love is an

overcoat for a tramp in winter days, love is an umbrella for us in raining days,

love is a stick for the old, love is the best medicine for the sick, love is the

sunlight for the blind, and love is the gospel for the deaf. Without love, our

world is meaningless.

However, love isnt a bunch of flowers or a nice present. Love is a thread

in our coat. Love is inside, making our life warm and comfortable.

健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们是非常重要的。你认为健康的生活习惯应当是怎样的呢？请根据下面的信息提示，写一篇短文，首句已给出。

信息提示：健康饮食；早睡早起，不熬夜；参加运动，强身健体。

要求：根据信息提示，把握要点，适当发挥，不逐字翻译。字数在80词左右。

★范文

I think healthy habits are very important for us.All of us want to be healthy. First, we should get enough sleep during the night. We can go to bed early and get up early. Staying up late is bad for our health. Second, we must have the right kinds of food. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat. We should drink a lot of water. We should have healthy eating habits. Third, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies.Finally, we should wash hands before meals and brush our teeth twice a day. If we don’t feel well, we should go to see the doctor at once.

[热点话题健康的生活习惯英语作文欣赏

As people are so busy with their work, they go to work directly in the morning without eating breakfast. Some people think not having breakfast does no influence on their body health. Some believe breakfast is important to people’s body health. In my opinion, I’m convinced that we should have breakfast because it is good for our body health.

First of all, breakfast offer us the energy we need for the day. Before breakfast, our body has consumed all the energy we get from previous meal. Consequently, we need to eat some food in the morning to get enough energy and nutrient to support our body. If we don’t have breakfast, then we have no enough energy to do our work efficiently.

Secondly, people who skip breakfast will get weight easily. If you don’t have breakfast, then you will eat more food at noon and in the evening. Generally speaking, we don’t have much excise in the evening while we eat too much food. As a result, the surplus calorie will be stored in our body and make us fat.

All in all, people should eat breakfast for the good of our health and for the good of keeping a good body shape.

我的朋友

My best friend is Mary. She lives in a tall building. She lives on the fifth floor. Everyday she takes the lift up and down. She is twelve years old. She is tall and thin. She has short black hair，two big eyes and a small mouth. She is very cute. I like playing with her. We are in the same class. I like to read books but she likes playing games. She likes to eat popcorn and ice creams. I like them， too. Her favourite food is fish， so she is clever. She loves her cat. She often plays with her. The cat likes Mary，too. They are cute.

这篇是讲述我的好朋友玛丽。介绍她的住址，她住在一幢高楼里。她住在五楼。她的年龄，她十二岁。她的外貌，她又高又瘦。她有短的黑色的头发，两只大眼睛和一个小嘴巴。

又到了一年一度的中秋佳节，中秋月圆之时，正是思乡情浓之时，昨日，我怀着渴望、思念的情愫，回到了家。

父亲早已在家等候多时，从我的怀里接过小宝。就抱怨我不该浪费钱，买那么多东西。我知道父亲一生勤劳节俭。总是为别人慷慨无私付出。对自己却舍不得多花一分钱。

回想我幼年时，日子过得特别拮据。但父亲却奢侈地为我买来了图画书、连环画。早早的教我数数、识字、背古诗、读书，使我的精神生活不至于和物质一样贫瘠，也使我以后的求学之路比较顺畅。

逢年过节。父亲总是为我准备好礼物。每年中秋节，都是农村秋收最繁忙的时节。但父亲总会抽出时间，去代销点买一块月饼。厚厚的黄纸包裹着胖胖的月饼，轻轻地拆开那层黄纸，那股醇香甘甜的味道立刻氤氲在整个屋子里，刺激着我的敏感的味蕾，单单嗅着味道，已经让我甘之若饴，看着那黄中泛着酱香的颜色，再小心摩挲这月饼上的花纹，有棱有角，真让我爱不释手。真恨不得马上塞进嘴里大快朵颐，却又舍不得咬上那么一小口。在无比纠结的情绪中。终于熬到了晚饭后。

那时乡村的月夜特别迷人。又大又圆的月亮，仿佛铜锣般慢慢升起来，笑盈盈的星星挤满了银河，快乐地眨着眼睛。如水的月光倾泻下来。柔柔的、净净的，像刚洗过的一匹素锦，又像宝宝嫩嫩的皮肤。整个村庄都被月亮浸润成了梦幻的银灰色。孩子们呼朋引伴地围拢过来，聚集在村中央的空地上。寂静的村庄开始喧闹起来，孩子们叽叽喳喳地交谈着，互相打闹嬉戏。或唱歌，或做游戏，欢声笑语在夜空中回荡。孩子们拿出兜里宝贝似的月饼。轻轻的咬上一小口，入口香甜，回味无穷。炫耀完毕，回到家里。一块金贵的月饼往往还剩下大半个……

这时，月上中天，更加皎洁明亮。柔和的月光把乡村的夜晚烘托出一片宁静与祥和。

儿时的中秋节记忆淳朴而温馨。露出今夜白，月是故乡明，又是一年中秋时，我祝愿每个家庭都能赏明月、品月饼，团圆美满，幸福安康。

Today，pollution has become a serious problem to us. It means that the air，seas，rivers and land are polluted by waste or poisonous things.

It does harm not only to human beings but also to animals .

We cannot have fresh air because many factories have the poisonous smoke sent into the air. Beautiful parks are made dirty by plastic tins and bags.

Fish die from the polluted water. It is said that strange diseases have appeared in some places because of pollution.

I hope scientists can find ways to solve the serious problem.

We are looking forward to seeing the clear sky，clean rivers and beautiful parks again.

it has been over 100 years since the very first plane, invented by the wright brothers, flew into the sky. the first plane, which was made of wood, had only been able to fly for 12 seconds in the air, but it opened the door of the aviation world.

i wonder how the wright brothers would imagine such a magnificent idea. they must have some kind of dream----human beings like birds, flying freely in space----they attempted various kinds of material to make planes, finally making their dream come true, although only a short 12 seconds for the first flight! we students often have different dreams: to be scientists, engineers, doctors, etc.

like the wright brothers when they were young, we should try our best to experience different things, for example, going out of doors to watch different animals, watching butterflies in the air, or watching fish in the water. with more knowledge in these fields, we can become biologists in the future. generally speaking, we’d better make greater efforts in our studies.

in this way, we can make our dreams come true, not only like the wright brothers in the sky, but also like yang liwei in outer space.

[梦想能够飞翔初中英语作文

I have a dream that one day every vally shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

Wow, what a dream it has been for Martin Luther King. But the changing world seems telling me that people gradually get their dreams lost somehow in the process of growing up, and sometimes I personally find myself saying goodbye unconsciously to those distant childhood dreams.

However, we meed dreams. They nourish our spirit; they represent possibility even when we are dragged down by reality. They keep us going. Most successful people are dreamers as well as ordinary people who are not afraid to think big and dare to be great. When we were little kids, we all dreamed of doing something big and splashy, something significant. Now what we need to do is to maintain them, refresh them and turn them into reality. However, the toughest part is that we often have no ideas how to translate these dreams into actions. Well, just start with concrete objectives and stick to it. Don’t let the nameless fear confuse the eye and confound our strong belief of future. Through our talents, through our wits, through our endurance and through our creativity, we will make it.

Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, for when dreams go, life is a barren field frozen with snow. So my dear friends, think of your old and maybe dead dreams. Whatever it is, pick it up and make it alive from today.

[梦想初中英语作文

My friend and I are good friends.she is  shy and I am outgoing.she likes studying English but I like studying math.she has long straight blak hair and I have short curly blak hair.she likes playing volleball but Ilike playingbasketball.we are still friends.

She is always studys home but I always study at shool because it is very investsting.I like watching action moves but she likes watching the TV show she has big eyes and she likes wearing jeans but I like wearing shirt.she usually helps me in my study

Happy summer vacation is coming, von teacher (tutor) gave me an essay:

"summer fun".

Filed a summer vacation, I will be very excited, because the summer can be

more happy, in retrospect, they like the movie playback in my head.

Photos, I looked at my to hainan emerge previous scenario in your mind:

that day, we will go to hainan! I was excited and happy, can fly again! That

night we came to the resort yalong bay, sanya in hainan, by plane arrived at the

hotel cooked cooked.

The next day, I to the sun, against the wind and the beauty of the scenery

beautiful had a stretch. I observed a look, my dad is still sleeping, but I

cant wait to go to dinner to the beach. I call my father. After dinner, we came

to the seaside. Im more comfortable sea breeze, waves.

We begin our "engineering", I took a shovel to dig a small hole and then

just center, because the water of the sea fall to dig around for me. And get a

shovel to give him one layer built a wall, tired of the sand can be high. Very

tired ah, look at me "big project" my heart very happy.

Oh, what a wonderful memory. I found that life is not good thing is much,

but to myself.

《初一英语作文范文：最美的夏天》

Summer is the great season for all sports in the open air. It is the season for baseball which is often called the national sport because of its popularity. I usually watch television and read the newspaper reports about the baseball results of the newspaper reports about the baseball results of the little leagues. During the summer I like to go to the beach often because it is very close to my home in the village. I usually go there bur in the summer vacation to relax after many months in school in the city. I feel very comfortable with the familiar quiet of the villagers.

翻译：

夏天是所有体育在露天的伟大的赛季。本赛季棒球这是通常被称作这样，因为它是普及全民运动。我常常看电视和阅读有关的关于小联盟的棒球的结果。暑假期间，我喜欢去海边，往往是因为它非常接近我的家在村里，我常常去那里放松许几个月。

[题目为最美的夏天的初中英语作文

中秋节就是一个圆圆的大月饼，咬一口甜甜的;中秋节就是那一望无际的、已经破肚吐穗的、还挂满稻花的稻田，深深的吸一口，香香的;中秋节就是放下一切，和爸爸妈妈一起在河边钓鱼，闻一闻，我的手还腥腥的。

今天，我们特别高兴，因为今天是中秋节。爸爸妈妈买了很多大月饼。吃过饭后，我们带着几块月饼，来到了安静的广场，找了一块干净的石板凳坐下，地上洒满了月光，我不禁感叹道：今晚的月亮真美呀!我问爸爸：“为什么中秋节要吃月饼?”爸爸说：“因为月饼是圆圆的，代表着一家人团团圆圆，所以在外地工作的人们在这一天都要赶回去和家人团聚在一起。月饼吃起来甜甜的，代表着人们的心愿，希望生活甜甜美美。”这时候，妈妈把一小块月饼塞到我的嘴里，我们就这样度过了一个愉快的中秋之夜。

中秋节还是一个钓鱼的好日子呢!在去奶奶家的路上，我们看到很多钓鱼的人。有的是两个人在钓鱼，有的是一个人单独垂钓，还有的是一家三口在钓鱼。这时候我兴奋地说：“爸爸，我也想钓鱼。”爸爸答应了。下午，我和爸爸妈妈在河边一起钓鱼，阵阵凉爽的秋风吹在脸上，真舒服!我的眼睛死死盯住鱼漂，突然鱼漂沉入水底，我心情很激动，用力一拉，拉不动，爸爸立刻出马，帮我一拉，拉上来一条大鱼，我高兴地一口气跑回家告诉奶奶，奶奶夸我真棒!

中秋节，我们还去了婆婆家。我们一家行驶在大马路上，路上的行人匆匆走过。我想：“他们也是去看爸爸妈妈的吧。”夕阳像老人笑红了的脸。蓝天上有几朵白云飘过，不时还有几只小鸟飞过。一望无际的稻子在微风中轻轻摇摆着。空气中弥漫着稻花的香味。

中秋节的味道就像一杯牛奶，甜甜的，香香的，虽然有点腥，但是我很喜欢。

I have a good mother, she is a Sino-foreign joint venture manager. Do not look at her round face with a pair of glasses, looks very delicate, can be said to do things are flames, is a full "impatient." And I do, but it happens to be a "slow child", no matter what things are slow, so no less suffer the mothers curse, my mother always said: Oh, my son how do not like me?

My mother is very strict on my education, I remember once, I see the children are buying a "train man" toy, I am very envious, wrapped around my mother have to buy one, but that day happened to my mother to meet, No time to say that another day to buy, I suddenly like a breath of the ball, a day to mention no effort. School home on the road, when I see the children in the hands of the toys, no longer could not help, and begged my aunt to buy one, go home also lie to her mother said to be aunt gave me.

My mother at first glance to see that I was lying to her, very angry, the first time very badly beat me a meal, she was playing while tears, after the mother told me a lot of truth: children can not lie, to be honest Child, do anything to have the rules, not too self-willed l, this thing left me too impressed, and slowly I understand, my mothers "strict" is my love, it is good for me The healthy growth.

Although my mother is very harsh to me, but at the same time I can feel everywhere my mother in every possible way, such as: regardless of wind and rain, she insisted on my school; for me to prepare breakfast, bath water; Finally to the weekend can relax, but my mother had to accompany me to flute lessons, Mathematical Olympiad and writing class l. Mother can be really tired ah

My mother is so good, I love my mom!

This afternoon, my father took me to the Olympic swimming, I was very happy, because for the first time I go to, have been very much looking forward to, every time my dad said, but did not go into, finally can go this time. But then I thought: "our two people will be bored, so I invited my brother and uncle to play."

I went swimming with my brother in the swimming pool. Has begun! First I was in the front, then I was a little tired, my brother was speeding up the "overtaking", and finally I couldnt get over it, I lost!

Then, my brother and I against uncle and father, I took my gun "embedded" underwater, brother to guide dad and uncle to come over, I suddenly emerged from the water, with water gun against them. We have a method, is "a diversion" we are currently using to a place where water spray nozzle, uncle and father went away in the past, we attack from behind them. The attack succeeded.

In the end, we won 2-1! We are so happy! Ill be back next time. I had a great time this summer vacation

今天下午，爸爸带我去奥体游泳，我高兴极了，因为我第一次去，一直很期待，每次爸爸都说去，可是都没有去成，这次终于可以去了。可是我又一想：我们两个人玩会无聊的，所以我就邀请了哥哥和叔叔一起来玩。

进了游泳池我和哥哥比赛游泳。开始了!首先我在前面，后来我有点累了，哥哥马上加速“超车了”，最后我一直反超不了，我输了!

然后，我和哥哥对战叔叔和爸爸，我拿着水枪“埋入”水底，哥哥把叔叔和爸爸引过来，我突然从水里冒出来，用水枪攻击他们。我们又有了一个方法，就是“声东击西”我们现用水枪向一个地方喷水，叔叔和爸爸就走了过去，我们从他们的背后攻击。攻击成功了。

最后，我们2比1的分数赢了!我们十分的开心!下次我还要来。今年的暑假我过得十分欢乐

到了秋天，桂花树上的桂花都开了，让老远的人们都能闻到那醉人的香味。下面语文迷网为大家整理了秋景的英语作文，欢迎参考选择。

描写秋天景色的英语作文1

When the trees start to fall, the grass begins to wear clothes. Mysterious, changeful autumn. It permeates every place in the school as an invisible air, which makes people look like a magic magician. Let the tree brother and the younger brother of the grass are put on a comfortable autumn outfit. The autumn sky, as blue as the sea, like rain washed. The fall of earth, like golden cotton, white clouds like a sailing canoe, slowly floating, campus of chrysanthemum fragrance accents full autumn mood. Autumn has come, it seems that with a chill, people began to put on a slightly thicker autumn, although autumn brings great changes to us, but the faces of the people ocean any overflow the eternal, lingering smile. Into the campus, came to our playground, the playground is a row of the south side of the old willow, they are so tall and straight, strong. As the soldiers like to defend territory. A breeze blowing, with the aroma of chrysanthemum to gladdening the heart and refreshing the mind, refreshed, so that the campus do not have a charm. Into the teaching building, and through the doors and windows of the classroom can see hard learning and strenuous efforts of the students some homework, some in reading, the intoxicating reading sound echoed over the campus. It is often said that autumn is the harvest season, farmers uncle busy for the rice harvest, and we also not to be outdone, harvest every day the teacher to teach us knowledge. The golden autumn, will our campus decorated so beautiful.

当树开始掉头发，草开始穿衣服的时候。神秘莫测、变幻多端的秋来了。它像无形的空气一样渗透在学校的每一个地方、让人看的见，摸不着就好比一位神奇的魔术师一样。让树哥哥和草弟弟都穿上了舒适的秋装。

秋天的天空，像大海一样湛蓝，好像用秋雨洗刷过。秋天的大地，宛如金色的棉田，朵朵白云犹如扬帆起航的轻舟，慢悠悠地漂浮，校园里的菊花争香斗艳充满了秋高气爽的情调。 秋天来了，似乎带有阵阵寒意，人们开始穿上微厚的秋装，虽然秋天给我们带来巨大的变化，但是人们的脸上任洋溢着那永恒的、挥之不去的一笑。

进入校园，来到我们的操场，操场南面是一排经历沧桑的老柳树，它们是那么挺拔，强壮。好像保卫疆土的士兵一样。一阵微风吹来，带着菊花的香气沁人心脾，使人神清气爽，使校园别有一番风韵。走进教学楼，透过教室门窗可以看见勤奋学习、发奋努力的同学们，有的在写作业、有的在读书，那令人陶醉的读书声回荡在校园上空。

人们常说秋天是丰收的季节，农民伯伯忙着收稻谷，而我们也不甘示弱，收获着每天老师传授给我们的知识。

金色的秋天，将我们的校园点缀的如此美丽。

描写秋天景色的英语作文2

Do not know how long the effect, as if the fight was a nervous gradually revealing the known, the field from its broad chest in long plume from the atmosphere on the slopes and there is water ongenerally spread at the Qingming, round trees and crops have begun to sway in the breeze, the leaves become calm and. Dew back in the early morning and evening wetting the ridge, quietly put up the field. Lu Lan also came upquietly afloat, no longer go back to the valley. Although the sun is still bright, but the pain is no longer the backbone of Sunburn people become, Kiyosumi, as if it was weak, and can not be distilled into a field, it is the field of reconciliation and the like; ... ... Autumn is here!

不知道从多久起，仿佛一场紧张的拼搏终于渐渐地透出了分晓，田野从它宽阔的胸膛里透过来一缕悠悠的气息，斜坡上和坝子上有如水一般的清明在散开，四下里的树木和庄稼也开始在微风里摇曳，树叶变得从容而宽余。露水回来了，在清晨和傍晚润湿了田埂，悄悄地挂上田间。露岚也来到了坝子上，静静地浮着，不再回到山谷里去。阳光虽然依旧明亮，却不再痛炙人的脊梁，变得宽怀、清澄，仿佛它终于乏力了，不能蒸融田野了，也就和田野和解了似的;……秋天来了!

In recent years, people are developing aninseparable relationship with Internet. As is known toall, it is convenient for us to click the mouse whensurfing on line, either to entertain ourselves or to meet the works needs.

On the one hand, no one denies that Internet is currently one of the most useful media inour daily life. As a college student, I get on line every day to exchange information through e-mails with my net friends. But on the other hand, a good many people admit that they are toomuch addicted to Internet to maintain a regular and wholesome lifestyle.

Thus, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain fromoverindulgence. After all，Internet is invented to enrich our life, and to improve the efficiencyof our work rather than shackle us with a chain.

20XX.X.X 晴

I have a small bedroom.There are only a small bed,a small desk and a small chair in the room.And there is a beautiful doll on my blue bed.Everyday I do my homework,read books and play games with the doll in my bedroom.It is small,but it gives me much happiness.

I have a white cat. It is a present from my mother on my birthday. It’s very beautiful. I call it Mimi.

Mimi is very naughty. She likes to play with me. She often runs here and there and likes running after something. Mimi’s favourite game is playing with balls, ropes and stones. I love it very much. Sometimes, Mimi is very gentle. She likes to wash her face and doesn’t play with me. After lunch, Mimi often lies on the sofa to sleep. When I go home, Mimi often jumps onto my knees. I like to give a bath to Mimi.

Oh, my baby cat brings me much happiness. We are good friends. I love Mimi.

一、重要作家作品

先秦时期

1，《诗经》，又称《诗》或《诗三百》，是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，记录了西周初年到春秋中叶约500年的诗歌约305篇，分为“风”“雅”“颂”三部分，是各地的歌谣。形式以四言为主，手法多用“赋”“比”“兴”。《诗经》为我国现实主义诗歌创作的源头。它与《书》《礼》《易》《春秋》合为儒家“五经”。里面的名篇《关雎》《蒹葭》是我国最早的爱情作品，反映了人们对美好爱情的向往和追求。

2，孔子（前551-前479），名丘，字仲尼，春秋时鲁国陬邑（现山东曲阜）人。我国古代的思想家，教育家。《论语》是一部记录孔子言行的著作，为孔门弟子编写，是儒家思想的经典之作。南宋朱熹把这部书和《孟子》《大学》《中庸》合称“四书”。相传，《诗经》为孔子删定。

3，左丘明，春秋时期鲁国史官。相传《国语》《左传》为其所撰。《国语》是我国最早的国别体史书。以记西周末年和春秋时期周，鲁等国贵族的言论为主。《左传》是我国第一部叙事详备的编年体史书，按照鲁国国君的世系纪年，记载了我国自公元前722年以后250多年的许多史料。也称《春秋左氏传》，又名《左氏春秋》，与《公羊传》《谷梁传》合称为《春秋三传》。

4，《曹刿论战》：《左传》里的精彩章节，记述了齐鲁长勺之战，叙述了曹刿战前献策和战中协助鲁庄公。文章以简明的问答形式，表现了曹刿的政治见解和军事才能。

5，《孟子》：孟子和弟子著，是儒家的经典著作之一。孟子（前372—前289）名轲、字子舆，战国时邹人。（今山东邹县）。是孔子以后的儒家代表，有“亚圣”之称，战国时期的思想家、教育家。儒家思想代表人，后世“孔孟”常并称。《得道多助，失道寡助》、《生于忧患，死于安乐》、《鱼我所欲也》等都是里面的名篇。

《得道多助，失道寡助》论述了治国平天下的大道理，表明作者实行“仁政”的政治主张。《生于忧患，死于安乐》论述逆境对人才成长、国家兴衰的重要性。两篇短文运用对比、举例的论证方法，充分证明了观点。《鱼我所欲也》也出自《孟子》，论述了“舍生取义”的重要主张。学习这篇文章，可以了解孟子散文“气势磅礴、感情强烈、生动活泼”的特点。

6，《公输》选自《墨子?公输》，《墨子》是一篇以对话为主的叙述性文章，一般认为是墨子的弟子及其再传弟子对墨子言行的辑录，表现他“兼爱”“非攻”的主张。

两汉时期

1，刘向：汉朝人。《战国策》是汉朝刘向所编，是中国古代的一部史学名著。它是一部国别体史书。全书按东周，西周，秦国，齐国，赵国依次分国编写，是先秦历史散文成就最高，影响最大的著作之一。分东周、西周、秦、齐、楚、赵、魏、韩、燕、宋、卫、中山十二策。主要记述了战国时期的纵横家的政治主张和策略，展示了战国时代的历史特点和社会风貌，是研究战国历史的重要典籍。《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》和《唐雎不辱使命》都是《战国策》里的名篇。

2，《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》：选自《战国策》，描写邹忌婉词规劝齐威王广开言路、博采众长、修明政务的故事，表现了邹忌巧妙的说理技巧。

3，《出师表》：作者为三国时期政治家、军事家诸葛亮。

4，《陈涉世家》：节选自《史记》。《史记》为西汉著名史学家司马迁所著。原名《太史公书》，后世通称《史记》，是中国西汉时期的历史学家司马迁编写的一本历史著作。《史记》是中国古代最著名的古典典籍之一，与后来的《汉书》、《后汉书》、《三国志》合称“前四史”。《史记》最初无固定书名，或称《太史公书》，或称《太史公记》、《太史公传》，也省称《太史记》、《太史公》。《史记》最初没有固定的书名，有的称作“太史公书”，也有称作“太史公记”的。到了三国时期，这本书才被明确称为“史记”。本书的体例如下：

十表（大事年表）；

八书（记各种典章制度，记礼、乐、音律、历法、天文、封禅、水利、财用），对后世的影响极为巨大，被称为“实录、信史”，被鲁迅先生誉为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”，列为前“四史”之首，与《资治通鉴》并称为“史学双璧”。因此司马迁被后世尊称为“史迁”、“史圣”。与司马光并称“史界两司马”,与司马相如合称“文章西汉两司马”。

十二本纪（记历代帝王生平、政绩）；

三十世家（记诸侯国和汉代诸侯、勋贵兴亡）；

七十列传（记重要人物的言行事迹，主要叙人臣，其中最后一篇为自序）；

魏晋时期

1，陶渊明：名潜，字元亮，浔阳柴桑人。东晋诗人、散文家。著有《陶渊明集》。

著名篇章《桃花源记》《饮酒》。

2，（南北朝）刘义庆（公元403—公元444），字季伯，汉族，原籍南朝宋彭城（今江苏徐州）人，文学家，世居京口，南朝宋宗室，南朝宋文学家。刘义庆自幼才华出众，爱好文学。除《世说新语》外，还著有志怪小说《幽明录》。《世说新语》是由他组织一批文人编写的。宋武帝刘裕之侄，长沙景王刘道怜之次子，其叔临川王刘道规无子，即以刘义庆为嗣，袭封临川王赠任荆州刺史等官职，在政8年，政绩颇佳。后任江州刺史。刘义庆是刘宋武帝的堂侄，在诸王中颇为出色，十分被看重。

代表作品：《世说新语》

《世说新语》是魏晋南北朝时期“志人小说”的代表作。依内容可分为“德行”“言语”“政事”“文学”“方正”等三十六类，每类收有若干则，全书共一千多则，每则文字长短不一，有的数行，有的三言两语，从此可见笔记小说“随手而记”的诉求及特性。它是中国魏晋南北朝时期“笔记小说”的代表作，由南朝宋刘义庆召集门下食客共同编撰。全书分上、中、下三卷，依内容分有：“德行”、“言语”、“政事”、“文学”、“方正”、“雅量”、“识鉴”等等，共三十六类，每类收有若干则，全书共一千多则，每则文字长短不一，有的数行，有的三言两语，由此可见笔记小说“随手而记”的特性。

《世说新语》主要记述世人的生活和思想，及统治阶级的情况，反映了魏晋时期文人的思想言行，和上层社会的生活面貌，记载颇为丰富真实，这样的描写有助读者了解当时士人所处的时代状况及政治社会环境，更让我们明确的看到了所谓“魏晋清谈”的风貌。

《世说新语》原为8卷，今本作3卷，分德行、言语、政事、文学、方正、雅量、识鉴、赏誉等36门，主要记述东汉末年至晋代士大夫清高放诞的言谈逸事，较多地反映了当时士族的思想、生活和风气。鲁迅曾指出：“这种清谈本从汉之清议而来。汉末政治黑暗，一般名士议论政事，其初在社会上很有势力，后来遭执政者之嫉视，渐渐被害，如孔融、祢衡等都被曹操设法害死，所以到了晋代底名士，就不敢再议论政事，而一变为专谈玄理；清议而不谈政事，这就成了所谓清谈了。但这种清谈的名士，当时在社会上仍旧很有势力，若不能玄谈的，好似不够名士底资格；而《世说》这部书，差不多就可看做一部名士底教科书。”

此外，《世说新语》善用对照、比喻、夸张、与描绘的文学技巧，不仅使它保留下许多脍炙人口的佳言名句，更为全书增添了无限光彩。

如今，《世说新语》除了文学欣赏的价值外，人物事迹，文学典故、等也多为后世作者所取材，引用，对后来笔记影响尤其大。

唐朝时期

1，王维：字摩诘，唐代杰出诗人、画家。苏轼对其评价：“诗中有画，画中有诗。”

代表作品：《使至塞上》。

2，李白：字太白，号青莲居士。被称为“诗仙”，唐朝浪漫主义大诗人。

代表作品：《行路难》、《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》。

3，杜甫：字子美，被称为“诗圣”，唐代现实主义诗人。他的诗被评作“诗史”。

代表作品：《望岳》

4，白居易：字乐天，号香山居士。

代表作品：《钱塘湖春行》

5，刘禹锡：字梦得，文学家，诗人。

代表作品：《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》、《陋室铭》

6，柳宗元：字子厚，世称柳河东，唐代文学家。

代表作品：《小石潭记》

《小石潭记》选自《柳河东集》，作者柳宗元是唐(朝)文学家。字子厚，因其出生于河东，故又称柳河东。其人文名远播，与韩愈并称“韩柳”，和韩愈、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩等七人并称“唐宋八大家”。

7，杜牧（803~852）字牧之，号樊川居士——唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，与李商隐并称“小李杜”——晚年居樊川别墅，世称“杜樊川”——著有《樊川文集》。

代表作品：《赤壁》、《泊秦淮》

8，温庭筠(约812—866)原名岐，字飞卿--晚唐--诗词人--花间派——诗与李商隐齐名，并称“温李”；词与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”

代表作品：《望江南》、《商山早行》

9，李商隐（813-858）：晚唐著名诗人，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，为“三十六体”。

代表作品：夜雨寄北》、《无题》

10，李煜(937－978)，五代十国时南唐国君——史称李后主——千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等诗，被称为“千古词帝”。

代表作品：《相见欢》

宋朝时期

1，范仲淹：字希文，北宋政治家、文学家。

代表作品：《渔家傲》、《岳阳楼记》

《岳阳楼记》借“记”名，表达对友规箴之意。文章叙事写景抒情议论相结合，环环相扣气势宏大。骈散结合语言凝练，形象富于音乐美。

2，王安石：字介甫，号半山，北宋政治家、文学家。

代表作品：《登飞来峰》

3，苏轼：字子瞻，号东坡居士，北宋文学家，豪放派代表词人。

代表作品：《记承天寺夜游》《水调歌头》

4，欧阳修：字永叔，号醉翁，晚年又号六一居士，宋代文学家、史学家。

代表作品：《醉翁亭记》

《醉翁亭记》写景叙事抒情熔为一炉。以口诀记忆如下：

秀丽环境精笔描，自然风光变化多。

勾勒与民同乐图，抒发作者政（治）理想。

排遣抑郁复杂情，与民同乐是主旨。

5，李清照：号易安居士，宋代杰出的婉约派女词人。

代表作品：《如梦令》《醉花阴》

6，辛弃疾：字幼安，号稼轩，南宋爱国词人、将领，豪放派代表词人。

代表作品：《西江月》、《破阵子》《》《》

7，陆游：字务观，号放翁，南宋爱国诗人。

代表作品：《卜算子咏梅》《诉衷情》《游山西村》《》

8，朱熹：字元晦，号晦庵，别号紫阳，南宋哲学家、教育家。

代表作品：《观书有感》

9，文天祥：南宋爱国诗人。

代表作品：《过零丁洋》

10，郭茂倩（1041-1099），--《乐府诗集》--（郭茂倩--宋）--南北朝北方乐府民歌

代表作品：《木兰诗》《长歌行》

11，赵师秀(1170～1219)——南宋诗人。字紫芝，号灵秀，又号天乐，著有《清苑斋集》

代表作品：《约客》

元明清时期

1，马致远：元朝戏曲家，著有演绎王昭君出塞故事的《汉宫秋》等。

代表作《天净沙秋思》

2，关汉卿：号已斋叟，大都（北京）人，元朝家。1958年被评世界和平理事会评为“世界文化名人”。

代表作品：《窦娥冤》、《望江亭》、《救风尘》、《单刀会》、《南吕?四块玉?闲适》。

3，《西游记》作者是明朝的吴承恩，是一部神话小说，书中记述了唐僧、孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚师徒四人取经，历经九九八十一难的精彩故事，为中国四大名著之一。本书主要描述了孙悟空大闹天宫、唐僧出世和师徒四人西天取经等故事，赞扬了以孙悟空为主的师徒四人不畏艰险、百折不挠的可贵精神。这部小说善于说故事，可读性强；善于塑造人物形象，它所塑造的孙悟空、猪八戒等人物使人过目不忘；全书充满了天马行空的和大胆奇特的夸张。其中大闹天宫、三打白骨精、三借芭蕉扇的故事尤其为人所熟知。

人物形象及对应的典型情节和性格特征：

孙悟空：大闹天宫、三打白骨精、真假美猴王、智取红孩儿、三借芭蕉扇；他勇敢机智、嫉恶如仇，不怕困难，坚忍不拔，英勇无畏，取经后被封为斗战胜佛。却也喜欢“戴高帽”、好胜心强、喜欢搞点恶作剧。

猪八戒：四圣试禅心、三打白骨精、大战流沙河；

他性格温和，憨厚单纯，力气大，但又好吃懒做，爱占小便宜，他对师兄的话言听计从，对师父中心耿耿，为唐僧西天取经立下汗马功劳，最后被封为“净坛使者”。是个被人们喜爱同情的喜剧人物。

唐僧：三打白骨精、四圣试禅心；

他举止文雅、性情和善，崇信佛法，佛经造诣极高、严守戒律、目标明确、立场坚定、勇往直前的精神坚不可摧；但有时贤愚不分、好坏不辨。他西行取经遇到九九八十一难，始终痴心不改，在孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚的辅佐下，历尽千辛万苦，终于从西天雷音寺取回三十五部真经。最后被封为“旃檀功德佛”。

沙和尚：保护唐僧西天取经路上，任劳任怨，忠心不二，取经后被封为“金身罗汉”。

4，《水浒传》是中国历史上以白话文写成的章回小说，被后人归为中国古典四大文学名著之一。其内容讲述北宋山东梁山泊以宋江为首的绿林好汉，由被迫落草，发展壮大，直至受到朝廷招安，东征西讨的历程。特别是通过众多草莽英雄不同的人生经历和反抗道路，鲜明地表现了“”的主题，是一部反抗封建暴政的英雄传奇。又名《忠义水浒传》，全书定型于明朝。作者历来有争议，一般认为是施耐庵所著。

这部小说人物形象生动惟妙惟肖；本书采取了先分后合的链式结构，使小说的故事情节环环相扣，头绪众多而线索分明，在语言上，小说采用古白话，所以本书语言描写生动形象，活灵活现。

精彩章节：鲁提辖拳打镇关西、花和尚倒拔垂杨柳、景阳冈武松打虎、智取生辰纲等。

人物形象及对应的典型情节和性格特征：

（花和尚）鲁智深：拳打镇关西、倒拔垂杨柳、大闹野猪林；嫉恶如仇、侠肝义胆、粗中有细、勇而有谋、豁达明理。

（行者）武松：血刃潘金莲、斗杀西门庆、醉打蒋门神、大闹飞云浦、血溅鸳鸯楼、除恶蜈蚣岭；崇尚忠义、勇而有谋、有仇必复、有恩必报，是下层英雄好汉中最富有血性和传奇色彩的人物。

（智多星）吴用：智取生辰纲；足智多谋、神机妙算。

（豹子头）林冲：误闯白虎堂、风雪山神庙、火烧草料场、雪夜上梁山；武艺高强、勇而有谋，但为人安分守己、循规蹈矩、被逼上梁山。

（黑旋风）李逵：真假李逵、中州劫法场；嫉恶如仇、侠肝义胆、脾气火爆、头脑简单、直爽率真。

（及时雨）宋江：私放晁盖、怒杀阎婆惜、三打祝家庄；为人仗义、善用用人，但总想招安。

（青面兽）杨志：杨志卖刀、智取生辰纲；精明能干、粗暴蛮横。

5，宋濂：元末明初文学家

代表作品：《送东阳马生序》，本文的“序”，并非序言，而是赠序。

6，《聊斋志异》：著名文言篇小说集，是蒲松龄的代表作。蒲松龄，字留仙，一字剑臣，别号柳泉居士，世称“聊斋先生”，山东淄川人，清代文学家。“聊斋”是蒲松龄的书屋的名字，“志”是记述的意思，“异”指奇异的故事。全书有短篇小说491篇。多数作品通过谈狐说鬼的手法，对当时的社会腐败、黑暗进行了有力的批判，在一定程度上揭露了社会矛盾，表达了人民的愿望。里面的名篇有《狼》等，告诉我们对待像狼一样的恶人要敢于斗争、善于斗争。

7，吴敬梓：清朝文学家，代表作《儒林外史》。我们学过这里面的《范进中举》。口诀记忆如下：

清代小说家吴敬梓，字敏轩来号粒民；

晚年自号文木老人，著有《文木山房诗文集》。

《儒林外史》代表作，五十五回章回体；

长篇讽刺小说第一部，揭露科举制度的。

8，罗贯中（约1330年－约1400年），名本，字贯中，山西并州太原人，汉族，号湖海散人。他是元末明初著名小说家、戏曲家，是中国章回小说的鼻祖，代表作《三国演义》。14岁时母亲病故，于是辍学随父亲去苏州、杭州一带做生意。元朝末年，天下大乱，群雄并起，罗贯中也曾参与其中。“有志图王”的罗贯中在苏州结识施耐庵，以师徒相称，两人一同参加位于平江（即苏州）的张士诚反元起义政权，做过一段时间幕僚后离开。曾与另一位吴王朱元璋为敌，在明朝成立之后，罗贯中放弃读书人步入官场的机会，创作《残唐五代史演义传》《隋唐志传》等著作。

《三国演义》，全名为《三国志通俗演义》，中国古代长篇历史章回小说。作者一般被认为是元末明初的罗贯中，是四大名著中唯一一本根据历史事实改编之小说。演义以史为据，以儒家思想为本，强调“忠义”；着重描写战争，讲述汉末黄巾之乱至魏、蜀汉及吴三国鼎立，到西晋统一百余年间历史，刻画了众多英雄人物。

开篇诗词

《临江仙》

（明）杨慎

滚滚长江东逝水，浪花淘尽英雄。

是非成败转头空，青山依旧在，几度夕阳红。

白发渔樵江渚上，惯看秋月春风。

一壶浊酒喜相逢，古今多少事，都付笑谈中。

《三国演义》描写的是从东汉末年到西晋初年之间近一百年的历史，反映了三国时代的政治军事斗争以及各类社会矛盾的渗透与转化。在对三国态度上，尊刘反曹鄙吴是民间的主要倾向，以刘备集团作为描写的中心，隐含着人民对汉室复兴的希望和皇室正统思想，尽管这些旧有观点已不容于今日。清人毛氏父子批改三国演义时，把明代流传下来的版本中不实讥望、怪力乱神之处删除勘正。鲁迅在《中国小说的历史的变迁》称：“因为三国底事情，不像五代那样纷乱；又不像楚汉那样简单；恰是不简不繁，适于作小说。而且三国时底英雄，智术武勇，非常动人，所以人都喜欢取来做小说底材料。”

著名事件：黄巾起义—董卓乱政—逐鹿中原—曹操崛起—孙策立业—刘备兴起—赤壁之战—孙刘争荆州—马超兴兵复仇—刘备成帝业—关张之死—诸葛用兵—六出祁山—司马懿篡位—三国归晋。

精彩章节：关羽在一杯热酒未凉的工夫，斩了敌方大将华雄，收到曹操赏识敬重

过五关斩六将：关羽与刘备失散，暂居曹营。曹操一心想收服关羽，三日一小宴，五日一大宴，赐美女、金银、官职等物品，关羽独留下赤兔马，以便来日寻刘备方便。听到刘备下落后，关羽将官印吊于屋中，带上嫂嫂，奔向刘备。途中没有曹操批准，在五个关口受到阻拦，关羽皆杀之闯关。后曹操命人加急送来出关令，也是日后关羽在华容道放走曹操的一个原因。

三顾茅庐：刘备为请诸葛亮出山，三次与关羽、张飞到草庐去请他，谦恭有礼，是后人善待臣子的佳话。诸葛亮发表了他著名的三分天下见解，称《隆中对》。

三气周瑜：刘、孙联合破曹，但孙吴的水军都督周瑜气量狭小，多次想法害诸葛亮而不得，被诸葛亮三次出招气死，临死前大喊：既生瑜，何生亮！

草船借箭：周瑜让诸葛亮三天造十万支箭，却不给充足的材料和人力，本是想以此陷害。但诸葛亮妙算天象，用草人布在船的两侧，趁第三天大雾潜入曹营，曹操多疑，不敢冒然出兵，便放箭攻击，于是天明雾散，诸葛亮白得曹操十多万支箭，命士兵大喊：谢曹丞相赐箭。

借东风：孙、刘破曹须用火攻，但风向不对，周瑜心急如焚，病倒在床。诸葛亮算出某日必有东南风，探望时便开了一个药方：欲破曹公，宜用火攻。万事俱备，只欠东风。周瑜痊愈，杀孔明之心顿起。诸葛亮便乔装鬼神借风，一可令众人对自己更加钦佩，二可趁机逃离东吴。

赤壁之战：孙、刘联手，在兵力对比悬殊的情况下，抵御了曹操大军。用火攻将曹操击败。是历史上著名的以少胜多战役的经典（还有官渡之战、肥水之战）

智算华容：诸葛亮算出曹操赤壁一败后必将走华容道，但此时不能杀曹操，否则北方必乱，便将此人情送与了关羽。由于昔日曹操对关羽有恩，云长又极重人情，将曹操放走。

水淹七军：关羽负责守荆州，利用白河之水淹死敌人数万大军，取得胜利。

大意失荆州：关羽由于自负，忘记了诸葛亮“东联孙权，北拒曹操”的计策，与孙吴结仇，被吕蒙装作穿白衣的商人入了城，破了荆州。

败走麦城：关羽失掉荆州，被困麦城。刘备一个义子见死不救，终被孙权所杀。

空城计：司马懿攻打刘备，城中只剩下诸葛亮和一些老兵。孔明用奇计，自己在城门上弹琴，几个老兵打扫城门，门洞大开，司马懿却认为孔明一生谨慎，定有埋伏，遂走而不攻。

火烧连营：刘备为关羽、张飞报仇心切，攻打东吴，却不会用兵，在山林中扎寨。被陆逊火烧连营七十里，一败涂地。

托孤白帝城：刘备临死前，在白帝城将刘禅托给诸葛亮，命其如可立则立之，不可便废而自立。

死诸葛吓走活仲达：诸葛亮死后，料定司马懿定会知晓，趁机攻打，便命姜维将自己尸身保存好，口中放入麦粒。出兵时将自己放在阵前给司马懿看。果然后者一看诸葛亮没死，以为其乃天人也，不可算计，退兵而走。

单刀赴会：关云长不带兵将赴东吴鲁肃之邀，然后借醉挟持鲁肃，安全脱身，显示出英雄虎胆及过人机智。

千里走单骑：关云长挂印封金，护送两位嫂子千里投奔大哥刘备，一路之上过五关、斩六将、最终完成使命。

二、古代文学常识散记

1，唐宋八大家：韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、曾巩、欧阳修、三苏（苏洵、苏轼、苏辙）

2，古典四大名著：《水浒传》（施耐庵著）、《三国演义》（罗贯中著）、《西游记》（吴承恩著）、《红楼梦》（曹雪芹著）。

3，文章两汉两司马：司马相如、司马迁。

4，史界两司马：司马迁、司马光。

5，三曹：曹操、曹丕、曹植。

6，初唐四杰：王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王。

7，元曲四大家：关汉卿、郑光祖、白朴、马致远。

8，乐府双璧：《木兰诗》、《孔雀东南飞》

9，三吏三别：《石壕吏》《潼关吏》《新安吏》和《新婚别》《垂老别》《无家别》。

Once a year the Spring Festival is coming, everybody busy couplets, everybody is bursting with happiness atmosphere, very happy, our family is no exception, on the twenty-nine, I just got up, my mother called to my sister and couplets, we posted a big character in the central door, on both sides of the door posted couplets on the "Fu born Xi annual music" the second line is "rich suisui Tim Choi Huan" streamer is "Happy New Year" soon we posted a good, I look at my work very happy.

On New Years Eve, we put on new clothes and set off firecrackers with our sister. A "crackling" sound from our ears through, like thousands of households to send blessings, we are very happy. On the eve of new years Eve, we had dinner, and I watched the Spring Festival Gala with my father, mother and sister. That wonderful performance made my mood open, there was a cross talk, there was a sketch and a song and dance... Very pretty. But I like Xiao Shenyang? Ya egg? Zhao Benshan and the old finished "no money" is so fun.

Lunar New Years day I just woke up and found a gift money pillow, sister, we laugh, and we ate dumplings, went to grandmas home after worship, pay New Years call, grandparents, give us the gift money, but also to eat out, we eat, we are very happy.

I like the new year. Its good for the new year.