小学英语写作比赛【实用20篇】

Dear Sir or Madam,

Im Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.

I know that you welcome students from different countries and Id like to take part in it. Ive been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. What is more, Ill be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well. I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.

Looking forward to your reply!

Yours，

Li Hua

真高兴！今天又迎来了新一届歌咏节比赛。我暗暗想。这时广播传出了兰老师的声音：请参加歌咏节比赛的同学们入场。听到广播，我们便迫不及待地排队去了多功能大厅。

刚进入大厅，我便发现大厅变得与众不同了，墙面装修了，舞台加大了，灯光一会儿红，一会黄，五颜六色的。同学们看到了，个个都兴高采烈，我也兴奋不已。

全部到齐后，等主持人刚宣布完歌咏节比赛开幕，随着大厅里雷鸣般的掌声，我们的比赛正是开始了。

首先上场的是一（1）班。他们唱得很投入，很认真，让我想起了4年前的我，时间过得真快啊。我还沉浸在歌声中，突然听到，该五（1）班上场了。我迅速整理好着装，跟着队伍，心里有点忐忑不安地来到舞台中央。这时听见台下热烈的掌声，我知道这是对我们鼓励的掌声，于是心里平静了一些，我们大声的唱起了：“老师，亲爱的老师……,”我们越唱越有信心,歌声更加嘹亮,同时收到了阵阵掌声。比赛继续进行着，一个班级比一个班级演唱的精彩，会场的气氛非常热烈。

最后，在五(4)班一曲“祖国的春天”的歌曲中，结束了歌咏节比赛。我们伴随着“校园的早晨”的歌声，陆续退场，出了大厅门口，校园中依然充满着歌曲和同学们的欢声笑语，今天真是个难忘的日子啊。

今天，老师让我们玩了一个游戏，名叫：比赛剥桔子。

老师让活泼的朱欣悦和文静的宋柳上台剥桔子。只见两人手拿桔子，早已准备好将对方击败。“比赛开始！”只听老师一声令下，两人都将黄中带青的桔子底部朝上，用大拇指用力一扣，扣出一个小洞来，然后用手指不停地将洞的面积扩大。不一会儿，宋柳就把桔皮撕下好几片了，而朱欣悦却手忙脚乱的，才剥下一点，但她也不甘示弱，继续埋头苦干。虽然朱欣悦奋力追赶宋柳，但是最后宋柳还是用时较短，赢得了胜利。

第二轮比赛，我自告奋勇地举起手，要参加比赛，于是，顾老师选了我和王袁彬来相互比赛，只不过，这次改成了单手剥桔子。一听到这个消息，我心里开始发慌了，但是无论遇到什么困难，我也不会因此而退缩。“3——2——1——开始！”随着顾老师一声令下，我和王袁彬开始了比赛。我将桔子放在桌上的一张浅棕色纸上，用右手剥起了桔子，桔子底部被我剥开了洞，接着更多金黄的桔皮被我“铲”起，可这桔子像个顽皮的小孩，滚到了地上，我赶紧伸出手去捡，生怕被王袁彬追上。当我捡起那可怜的桔子，桔子的汁都已经出来了，手被弄得黏黏的。王袁彬已经剥了许多了，于是我单膝跪地，继续撕桔皮。时间一分一秒地过去，最后我和王袁彬同时结束了比赛。

一番体验下来，我感觉到那些残疾人的不容易。可是，有很多身残志坚的残疾人却做出了骄人的成绩。我想他们说：“我真为你们感到骄傲，为你们的精彩而喝彩。你们的身体虽然残缺，但你们的精神却是无敌的。只要不放弃，梦想就一定会实现。”

When the founder of Facebook, Mark Zuckerbergs daughter was born, he

announced a general decision and surprised the world. Mark told media that he

would donate 99 percent of his fortune to the charity organizations. Some people

wonder why he did not save the heritage for his offspring. In fact, in western

countries, for some rich people, they dont trend to leave much fortune for

their kids, instead, they use the money to educate their children and cultivate

them to be the wise persons. The rich people leave the invisible fortune, which

is their fame. Their children can have more chances to do their business or

receive better education with their family names. The wise rich men know the

best way to educate their offspring. They teach skills and the way of thinking,

which values everything.

今天是六.一儿童节，早上开完节日会后，举行了一场拔河赛.

比赛马上开始了，先是每个年级的两个班拉.看着一场场激烈的比赛，我越来越紧张了，不一会儿，就到我们了.我们虽然紧张，但满有信心的.我们用很短的时间就按老师的要求做好了准备，焦急地等待着哨音.

突然，一声响亮的哨音响了.顿时，操场沸腾了.只见比赛的队员一个个面红耳赤，龇牙咧嘴，都使出了吃奶的力气.不参赛的同班同学也丝毫不比参赛的省力：男生拿出了平时调皮打闹或是吵架的力气，扯着嗓子喊"加油";女生拿下围巾，学着电视上拉拉队的样子，给班级加油.两个班的竞争异常激烈，红布在绳子的中间一动不动......过了好几分钟，还是没结果，赛场上，所有人都没力气去加油了，赛手集体倒地.就这样，出现了平局的现象.另大家一想不到的是，而后的两局竟还是同样的现象，一场激烈的拔河赛就这样以另人不满意的结果结束了.

我们回到教室，认真总结了一下拉不赢的原因.下一次，我们一定会赢的.

今天，我很荣幸代表我们学校到侨乡体育馆参加丰泽区第六届小学生运动会田径比赛。一进赛场，那里人山人海，看见那参赛者个个年纪比我们大，个子也比我们高，这次要和这些哥哥、姐姐比赛我们绝对得不了名次。

首先，100米跑步开始了，枪声一响，大家跑得比兔子还快，我用尽全身力量，还是跑在最后面，根本追不上，他们跑一步等于我们跑两步，我根本赶不上去。

接着，4乘100米的接力之前我十分紧张，像十五个吊桶打水一样，怕跑输了。心想：天灵灵，地灵灵让我跑快一点，不要再跑最后了，可又和六年级的比，怎么能跑过他们呢？我便提醒自己待会儿要注意一些什么步骤，第一起步别太慢，第二千万别抢跑……比赛终于开始了，我用迅雷不及掩耳之势冲向第二棒，其实，我们队已经尽力了，个个发挥正常，但最终没进入决赛，我很伤心。妈妈看出了我心思，摸了摸我的头，安慰对我说：“没事，你们已经很捧啦！重在参与嘛！你们才三年级，他们是五、六年级，下次还有机会呀！”我听了心里舒服多了。

为了丰富学生们的体育生活，倡导精神文明，培养学生加强体育锻炼的意识，加深同学之间团结协作、勇于拼搏的精神观念，增强集体凝聚力和学生身体素质。我们学校开展了一次全校的拔河比赛。在比赛的过程中我一直和学生们在一起，感觉自己也和他们一样，回到了初中。那种激动的心情真的特别难以表达。特别是当两个班胜负难分的时候，作为老师，不能亲自加入他们的队伍，可是心里却万分的紧张。我在旁边特别激动地为他们加油。

作为第一次班级的集体活动，我特别的希望我们七班能拿一个好成绩。因为通过这种集体性的活动特别能够增加班级的凝聚力。在活动期间，我们班同学都特别积极参加拔河比赛。拔河比赛的过程中，他们的小手都红了，一起喊着口号，同学们坚强、勇敢、团结协作一起使劲儿的场景我想这是他们一生都不会忘记的美好回忆。在声声呐喊中，他们团结一心，努力拼搏，为集体荣誉挥汗如雨。虽然同学们都已经精疲力竭却毫不退缩，咬牙坚持。我们和其他六个班比赛的时候，几乎都是两场就赢。赢了的时候一个个高兴地欢呼。我的心里也是特别开心。我们班学生有的就会说：“老师笑出来吧。”还有的说：“老师，我们赢了，你高兴不?”甚至他们会过来跟我说：“老师我们得了第一，你给我们什么奖励啊”。当时的情景现在都历历在目。我想我不会忘记顶岗支教的没一点每一滴。以及和这些孩子们在一起的快乐时光。

写作是英语的第二大重头戏，仅次于阅读。但是这部分又经常被考生忽略，考前不动手，依赖临考模板，很难写出高分作文。下面是小编为大家整理的大学基础英语写作诀窍，欢迎阅读。

1、灵活改变句子开头

在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即主语位于句子开头。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式，比如使用倒状语或以状语开头等，会使文章增强表现力。

- You can do it well only in this way.→ Only in this way can you do it well.

只有这样你才能把它做好。

- A young woman sat by the window.→ By the window sat a young woman.

窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女

2、避免重复使用词语

为了使表达更生动，更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。

- I like reading while my brother likes watching television.→ I like reading while my   brother enjoys watching television.

我喜欢看书，而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。

3、合理使用省略句

合理恰当地使用省略句，不仅可以使文章精练、简洁，而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。

- He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?

他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要    是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

- If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.

如果天气好，我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去了。

- She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.

她本可申请这份工作的，但她没有。

4、运用非谓语结构

非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构，适当运用非谓语结构，会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。

- When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.

听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。

- As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.

由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。

5、结合使用长、短句

在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。

-At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.

中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，还有的讲笑话、下棋，大家玩得很开心。

6、使用短语代替单词

使用短语代替单词。

- He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.

他已决定长大了当老师。

- He doesnt like music.→ He doesnt care much for music.

他不大喜欢音乐。

- He told me that the question was now under discussion.→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.

他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。

7、套用某些固定表达

套用某些固定表达

- He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.→ He was too tired to walk any farther.

他太累了，不能再往前走了。

- The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.

这电影很有趣，学生和老师都很喜欢。

- Your son is old. He can look after himself now.→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.你的儿子已经长大，可以自己照顾自己了。

8、使用地道英语

使用地道英语

- Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.

别担心，大胆试一试，你很快就会学会的。

-Thank you for playing with us.→Thank you for sharing the time with us.

谢谢你陪我玩。

9、综合使用“高级”结构

综合使用“高级”结构

- We had to stand there to catch the offender.→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.

我们所能做的只是站在那儿，设法抓住违章者。

- If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.

如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话，至少也不会比她老师的差。

10、引用名言警句点缀

在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章，不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧，而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。

- As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.- There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.- In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”

上个周四，妈妈一直在问我的奥数比赛终于在中午的时候隆重登场了。现在结果也出来了。我是在周六在上奥数课的时候知道我的成绩的，二等奖。回家的路上我对妈妈说：“我终于拿了个二等奖。”妈妈给我一个很奇怪的眼神：“什么意思？”我对妈妈说：“三年级的时候，我得了三等奖，四年级我拿了二等奖，五年级我要拿一等奖。”妈妈对我竖起了大拇指：“有志气！”

我们班这次奥数考得很牛的。全年级三个一等奖，一个在分部，剩余的两个在我们班里。妈妈说，“你们班太厉害了。李嘉伦和张昊天两个一等奖。语文也很好，数学也很好，英语也很好呢！” 我对妈妈说：“哪里啊，我们奥数还有非非他们俩发挥失常的呢，他们6班只有丁丁弟弟一个人发挥失常了。”妈妈笑着对我说：“那你是不是算发挥超常了呀？”“不是，发挥正常。”呵呵，一点也不谦虚啊！

奥数结束了，妈妈觉得终于周二不用那么晚接我了。记得有一次，妈妈不知道我要奥数训练（本来周五也要的，但后来又不用了，最后又要了），如往常一般的时间在门口来接我，结果等了我很长时间呢。 而且妈妈说，晚了，天气太冷了。

[奥数比赛小学作文

端午节是我们中国十分隆重的节日，它是为了纪念战国时期伟大的爱国诗人屈原，现在的中国人还在延续这一习俗，甚至还有一天的法定节日。

Dragon Boat Festival is a very grand festival in China. It is to

commemorate Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet in the Warring States period. Now

Chinese people still continue this custom, even a legal festival.

农历五月初五就是端午节了，家家户户都要包粽子，还有有趣的划龙舟比赛呢!奶奶在家已经煮好了香喷喷的粽子，打开锅盖满屋都飘着粽子的清香，让我闻得口水直流个不停。我迫不及待地剥开粽子叶津津有味的吃了起来，真是回味无穷呀!

The Dragon Boat Festival is on the fifth day of may in the lunar calendar.

Every family needs to make zongzi. There are also interesting dragon boat races!

Grandma has cooked delicious zongzi at home. When she opened the pot cover, the

fragrance of zongzi was floating all over the house, making my mouth water

continuously. I cant wait to peel off the zongzi leaf and eat it with relish.

Its really memorable!

吃完粽子后，爸爸带我去看划龙舟比赛，这里人山人海，车水马龙的可热闹了!比赛开始了，各个队伍都蓄势待发，随着一阵枪声一条条龙舟飞快地划过水面，犹如一支支箭向前飞去。在场的观众们兴奋喊道着加油加油，在为参赛者加油鼓励，参赛者们听了心里充满了信心使劲地划桨，水花到处飞溅。各条龙舟你追我赶的，最后，落后的一号终于追上了遥遥领先的二号第一个冲过了终点，观众们不禁欢呼起来，到处都是一片欢乐的海洋。啊!这真是我最难忘的一天了。

After eating zongzi, my father took me to watch the dragon boat race. There

are lots of people here, and the traffic is very busy! The race started, and

every team is ready to go. With a burst of gunfire, each dragon boat flies

across the water like an arrow. The audience cheered and shouted, cheering and

encouraging for the contestants. The contestants listened with confidence and

strove hard to paddle, and the water splashed everywhere. Each dragon boat

chased after each other. At last, the laggard No. 1 finally caught up with the

far ahead No. 2. The audience couldnt help cheering. There was a sea of joy

everywhere. Ah! This is the most unforgettable day for me.

还有许许多多的传统节日也是和端午节一样有趣的，我们要一起保护中国的传统节日。

There are also many traditional festivals as interesting as Dragon Boat

Festival. We should protect Chinese traditional festivals together.

I have a very cute little rabbit called "Mimi".

White rabbit Mimi whole body is white, no little variegated, from a distance like a piece of white jade carved into its eyes is red like a pair of red rub in the face, it is long this short The long beard, no matter how small the sound, it can hear its legs very long, running up to the road soon.

Little rabbit particularly love to take a bath, a wash is two or three hours, if a few days do not give it a bath, it ran in front of you.

I love my little rabbit very much.

I had finished trainning in army for 8 days.Though this trainning I can learn a lot of things without schooling.I made many new good friends as well.

I never finished a whole work myself before this trainning. Because of this, I failed the most important exam. The drillmaster taught us that we must often say "never give up"in our life.Only in this way, we can succeed. I felt bloody lonely after I graduated from school.By mean of this trainning,I have new friendiness.We often talked about our favourite things as football,basketball and so on.... I think we need some trainning.It can make us become better and better. I will remember this trainning forever!

To mark the Nationa I Day, celebrations will be held in the nearby Peoples Park on the morning of Oct. 1st. On the evening of the same day, there will be a colourful display of fireworks to be viewed in the Tianfu Square.

All are warmly invited to both the events and are advised to come to the office to get tickets.

Important：Fete goers are requested to gather in front of the No.3 Teaching Building at 7:50 a. m. to be taken to the celebrations and at 7:00 p.m.to the fireworks show.

A Happy Day

Today is Saturday， my family and I go to have a picnicin the park， I feel so excited， because our family does not have the activityfor a long time. At first， I go to see the park and play for a while， then Icome back to my parents， and join them. I play games with my parents， theylaugh happily. Today is a happy day for me.

今天，我们三年级六个班举行了100米跑步比赛，每班要推荐一名同学参加，我们班就选了我，因为去年我就是这个项目的第一名。  同学们纷纷对我说：你一定行，第一非你莫属。比赛前我一边做着 热身运动一边想，不就是个一百米比赛吗，小事一桩，第一肯定是我的。

终于轮到我隆重出场了，我们班同学为我加油的声音震耳欲聋。随着裁判的一声枪声，我们就像离弦的兔子，飞快的向前冲。一会我领跑、一会他领先，眼看就要到终点了，可是5班的一位同学处在第一的位置，我狠狠地咬了咬牙用尽全身的力气向前冲，结果我反超了他，得了第一名。

跑完之后，同学们围着我不停地欢呼着，跳跃着。老师也走过来轻轻的拍拍我的头说：你真棒！

[运动会比赛小学生叙事作文

the longing summer vacation is approaching, it is the best part of the school year for me. i cannot let the holidays elapse (逝去) meaninglessly, my vacation should be a phase (时期、阶段) of harvest. the events in my plan should give me a sense of infinite potential.

the following plan may reveal the intensity of my desire to travel, work and study in this vacation. in the first few days i want to climb mount hua shan with several friends to refresh ourselves. then i tend to visit relatives, senior school teachers and former classmates(老同学). besides, to find out the best ways to cultivate my abilities, i will find a part time job and conduct some social investigation.

in short, i want to do interesting things in the summer vacation. whatever i do, the goal is the same: to get necessary experience, acquire knowledge and broaden my horizons. though the six week vacation will pass away at lightning speed, its influence is bound to last long.

今天拔河我们虽然在力量上输给了16班，但这只是一个方面，我们还有其他方面去体现咱们班的实力，是的，我们还有很多的机会，很大的潜力与发展空间，只要我们不抛弃不放弃，那个曾经乐观坚强，受打击之后仍笑傲群雄的12班还在我们身边。

对呀!真正的失败从放弃的那一刻开始，只要我们报以乐观的精神与心态，体现在我们后面的考试，合唱，篮球联赛，班级考核等活动中就可以了，12班还是优秀上进的集体。

我们不重视结果，我们只享受过程，每个人都尽力了，都抱有坚持到最后的决心了，就行了，就满足了。真的，很简单的道理。我们不能万事都靠杜老师解决，毕竟她的能力，精力也是有限的，我们要学会独立思考，独立生活，分担老师的压力，共同携手12班的每一名同学，以积极向上的态度去拥抱美好的明天。来!让我们一起为自己加油，为大家加油，为杜老师加油，为我们的12班加油吧!要相信我们是最棒的!

①in+月、年 the morning/afternoon/evening/a week 表示时间

②on+具体某一天(几月几日)/某个假期(…Day)

③at+具体某点时间、某个假期(…Festival)/the weekend

①in…street 表示方位

②on…road/left/right

③at the…crossing/stop/某个具体的地点

①in the tree(不是树上长出来的)

②on the tree(树上原来自己长出来的)

表示时间：

① ago(……以前) later(……以后)

② before (在……以前) after(在 ……以后)

be 动词和助动词

1. be 动词(am/is/are)

主语 be 动词(原形) be 动词(过去式)

I am was He/she/it is was

We/you/they are were

2.助动词(do/does/did)

Do+非第三人称单数 +动词原形…?

…do/dont

Does+第三人称单数

…does/doesnt

Did+所有主格

…did/didnt

What do you/they/we…

+动词原形?

I/They/We+动词原形…。

What does he/she/it…

He/She/It +(动词+S)….

What did you/they/we/ he/she/it…

I/They/We/ He/She/It +动词过去式。

狗dogs

Nowadays many people like to have dogs as their pets. Dogs are friends of man not only because they are lovely but also because they are faithful to their masters.

Dogs can do a lot of work for man. They play with us. They hunt with us. They keep door for us. But long ago, dogs all over the world were wild.

Dogs can date back to the Stone Age. All dogs have the same ancestor. It is believed that their ancestor was much like a wolf. Other animals, such as the fox, came from this ancestor, too. Hundreds of thousands of years ago, man began to tame wild dogs. After the dogs were tamed, they were trained. The strong dogs became working animals. They were trained to pull heavy loads. They learned to keep an eye on the sheep and other animals. Working dogs had other jobs, too.

Some dogs were not strong. But they could help man hunt for game. Other dogs were best as pets.

Today, there are more than 100 kinds of dogs in the world.

现在许多人都把狗当作他们的宠物。狗是人类的朋友，不仅因为它们可爱，而且因为它们对主人忠诚。

狗能为人类做很多工作。它们可以和我们玩，它们可以跟我们一起打猎，它们可以给我们看家。但是以前世界上的狗都是野生的。

狗可以追溯到石器时代。所有的狗都是同一个祖先，人们相信狗的祖先很像狼。其他动物，如狐狸，也是来自这个祖先。几千年前人类就开始驯服野狗，狗被驯服后，人们就训练它们。强壮的狗成为人类工作的帮手，人们训练它们拉重的货物。它们学会了帮人们照看绵羊和其它的动物。

有些狗不够强壮，但它们能帮人们寻找猎物。还有些狗成了人们的宠物。

目前世界上狗的种类已经达到100多种。

就“说明对象”而言，英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类，比如：对“LASER（激光）”、“Computer Problem of Year XX（计算机XX年问题）”等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明，而“The Successful Interview（谈成功的面试）”、“How to Write Good English Composition（如何才能写好英语作文）” 等是对主观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说，在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者，即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中，阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重，其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述，英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说，文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出，要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在英语中，常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种：

1.罗列法（listing）

在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：

Early Rising

Early rising （早起） is helpful in more than one way. First， it helps to keep us fit （健康）。 We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides， we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise （做早操）。

Secondly， early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning， and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.

Thirdly， early rising enables （使能够） us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring， so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.

Fourthly， early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work， such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.

Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says，“Early to bed and early to rise， makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise.”

罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习：

There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all， …Secondly， …And finally， …

We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all， …Secondly， …And finally，

必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first， second…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。

2.举例法（examples）

举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思，常用for example， for instance， still another example is…等词语引出。下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的：

Recreation

It is impossible to keep in good health unless we take enough recreation （娱乐）。 The mind， too， needs change to make it fresh and vigorous （有活力的） There is much truth in the old saying， All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.“

There are many games which boys and girls can play after their school work is done， for instance， football， tennis， and kite-flying. Other examples of recreation are boating， fishing， gardening， cycling， walking， chess-playing， and reading. Persons who sit much at their business should take a kind of recreation that will supply their muscles （肌肉） with exercise. Those who spend most of their time in the open air and do manual work （体力活） should adopt （采纳） reading or some other quiet form of recreation.

Cycling is said to be an important means of recreation， but many persons foolishly tire out themselves by cycling too much. The same may be said in regard to football. Tennis is a pleasant form of recreation. Many persons take great delight in boating. Fishing requires much patience， and there is much danger of taking cold by sitting still on a cold day too long. A good brisk （轻松） walk is one of the finest forms of exercise. For persons engaged in outdoor labor， chess-playing is another excellent form of recreation.

可以看出，举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用：即用罗列法来列出例子，用例子充实罗列的说明。

3.比较法（comparison and contrast）

比较法是对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点（comparison）和比较不同点（contrast）两种方法，比如：

From Paragraph to Essay

Although they are different in length （长度）， the paragraph and the essay are quite similar in structure （结构）。 For example， the paragraph starts with either a topic sentence （主题句） or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. In the essay， the first paragraph sets up the topic focus （主题所在） Next， the sentences in the body of a paragraph develop the topic sentence. Similarly， the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that discuss and support the ideas given in the introductory （引导的） paragraph. Finally， a concluding sentence （结束句） ——whether a restatement， conclusion， or observation——ends the paragraph. The essay， too， has a concluding paragraph which ends the essay logically and satisfactorily. Although there are some exceptions （例外）， most well written expository （说明文的） paragraphs and essays are similar in structure.

可以看出，在比较相同点的时候，常用到similarly，also，too，in the same case，in spite of the difference等这样的词语。

European Football and American Football

Although European football is the parent of American football， the two games show several major differences. European football， sometimes called association football or soccer， is played in 80 countries， making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football， on the other hand， is popular only in North America （the United States and Canada）。 Soccer is played by eleven players with a round ball. Football， also played by eleven players in somewhat different positions （位置） on the field， is played with an elongated （拉长的） round ball. Soccer has little body contact （接触） between players and therefore needs no special protective equipment. Football， in which players make the greatest use of body contact to stop a running ball-carrier and his teammates， needs special protective equipment. In soccer， the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting （顶） it with the head. In American football， on the other hand， the ball is passed from hand to hand or carried in the hands across the opponents （对手） goal. These are just a few of the features which distinguish （区别） association and American football.

这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。从文章中可以看出：however，on the other hand，in contrast，but，nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。

4.定义法（definition）

定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法，特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是：

被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语

可以看出，定义句中限制性定语越详细，定义就越精确，比如：

A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on（以……为食品）fruit and insects but is not a bird.

其实，在英—英词典中，对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如，看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的：A student is a person who is studying at a place of education or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession （专业）。

5.顺序法（sequence of time， space and process）

顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平，用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义，用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。

下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的：

Coal

Coal underwent （经受） many changes before it became the bright， brittle （脆的）， black substance which we now use. During ancient times （在上古时代）， when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate， the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on， the ground changed and began to sink （下沉） a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit （沉淀） of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.

Generations after generations （几世纪后）， as the ground kept gradually sinking， another layer of sand and clay was again deposited （积聚） above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted （作用） and the peat （泥煤） was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.

Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important industrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the industrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine （煤矿）。 In China， coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for producing coal. It has the most coal of China.

6.分类法（classification）

分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如：著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》（Of Studies）一文中就用到了分类法：

Some books are to be tasted， others to be swallowed， and some few to be chewed and digested， that is， some books are to be read only in parts， others to be read， but not curiously， and some few to be read wholly， and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy， and extracts made of them by others； but that would be only in the less important arguments， and the meaner sort of books…

参考译文：书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所需摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者……

——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》（张培基等）

可见，如果能够根据具体情况，选用合适的写作手法，就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。

除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外，还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下，对于中学生来说，上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是：在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主，同时辅以其他写作手法。有时，甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此，必须根据具体情况，选用合适的展开主题的写作手法，才能写出优秀的英语说明文。

i like music

i like to listen to music because music is very nice and great. my favorite music is called “ my little princess.” it was sung by a young and handsome band. i think they are so cool. the song has the lyrics that was beautiful and gentle. when i am tired, i can listen to music to relax myself and have a rest. and music can make people enjoy themselves. it helps people to forget problems and take happiness to people. when i’m sad, i will listen to happy and active music. i will be energetic. i think music is my faithful friend forever.

[我喜欢音乐的小学英语作文