英语关于保护水资源的作文（汇集20篇）

The trickle of water was crystal clear, accompanied by the sound of the "ding dong" of the spring. The undulating mountain stands erect, majestic and overwhelming; The green trees, towering above the tops of the mountains, are not afraid to be afraid; The wild flowers, which are in the top of the mountain, are full of beauty and beauty, and the fresh flowers are pleasing to the soul. But that was all have become memories, is facing a murky water, batteries, plastic bags have polluted the land, industrial waste gas, automobile exhaust pollution the air, trees and flowers are hard to meet again, only can see is just a weak looking trees flowers and plants, all everything has disappeared, the earth on a red alert. The presidents of all countries have been together for three days and three nights... "The whole people moved to the moon," they were consulted, and they issued such an order. According to the scientists observed earth damage is too severe, human will not far from the end of the world, if you dont leave the earth, mankind had to count the days such as dead. The present moon, which has been constructed by human ancestors and modern humans, has been transformed.

The lush woods, the crystal clear water, the blue sky, and the various shapes of flowers and animals. "Wow! This is like a new earth, and it brings us back to the old days." people dont sigh. Yes, the moon has now and once the earth is almost the same as the air around the moon, the moons gravity, and thick atmosphere around the moon, everything seemed to go back to the once upon a time, people are living down here... "Wow! There are so many trees here! ", "wow! There are so many rivers here!" Greed once again led the human hand into the abyss...

For a long time, the moon returned to the earth and the earth was devastated, and everything on the moon was dead. All the pollution to the moon, the atmosphere became thin almost close to zero, tragedy staged again, once upon a certain day a diameter of 40 kilometers meteorite broke into the moon, because the moons atmosphere is too thin, almost no resistance, is this meteorite is easy to break into the moon, because there is almost no resistance, meteorite impact force is very big, hit ground surface cracked a big hole, the hot, liquid mass of molten rock from cracks in shock... Facing death of that a moment, human beings finally wake up, but the wake up, now is just unable to struggle, ridiculous human this time really redeemed himself again. The world has been destroyed, mankind has perished.

Children， you grabbed the small tadpoles right， you must know that tadpole grew up to become small frog， the frog can eat insects， so the frog is our humans good friends。 We should protect it， not hurt it。 But some hotels are also sold the frog meat？ Once， dad and his friends took me to dinner。 A waiter said： "you see， this is we store the launch of new specials， stir flogs ball"。 "Chicken is what ah？" I curiously ask， "chicken is the frog。" The waiter said， with a smile。 I was very angry， because they hurt our good friends—frog！ Another thing， he makes a big inspiration。 One day， when I finish school， saw a man at the school gate at little chicks must sell， and I will have mercy on them。 Because the little chicks must first came to this world， away from the mother， away from the mother love and mother warm embrace， and this is what they faced starved to death， the risk of freezing to death。 At that time I thought： we humans are so happy！ When you see here， did you see to protect our human friends—animals！

In general, there are two ways of traveling, private cars and public transportation. Chinese people should regard public transportation as their first traveling opinion.

一般来说,有两种旅游方式，私家车和公共交通工具。中国人应该把公共交通工具作为旅游的第一选择。

First, there are so many people living in this countries that make it so crowded. If each chinese people own a car, there will be far more traffic jams and accidents, which increase you impatience.

首先,这个国家住着很多人，使得它非常拥挤。如果每个中国人都拥有一辆私家车，将会有更多的交通堵塞和事故，这会让你变得更加的不耐烦。

Moreover, there will be far more pollution resulted from cars. Once a car started, it release huge amount of dirty gas and heat, which lead to great pollution and result in green house effect.

再者，由于私家车将会有更多的污染。一旦汽车起动,它释放大量的脏气和热量，这会导致很大的污染和温室效应。

All in all, Chinese people should take public transpotation into consideration first。

总之，中国人应该以公共交通工具为第一选择。

环境保护对我们来说并不是一个新问题，我国政府也早就提出了明确的治理目标。作为现实生活中的每一个普通人，虽然不可能都直接从事环保工作，但我们完全可以从小事做起，从我做起。

Environmental protection is not a new problem for us, our government has already made clear the goal of governance. As every ordinary people in real life, although not directly involved in environmental protection work, but we can start from the minor matter, begin from me.

当看到洗手间的水龙头在滴水时，是不是能够举手关上呢?当电池用完后能否分类收藏处理而不是随手扔掉呢?当购物时能否自觉不使用超薄塑料袋呢?一件件小事虽然都很不起眼，但却体现我们究竟具备了多少环保意识。

When you see the Restroom faucet in water, Shi Bushi can raise close? When the battery is exhausted can classified processing rather than throw it away? When shopping can consciously do not use thin plastic bags? A trivial thing though is very humble, but we have the number of environmental consciousness.

回收1吨废纸可再造出800千克好纸，可以挽救17棵大树。回收20个废餐盒可以造出一个漂亮的笔筒。回收一个玻璃瓶节省的能量，可使灯泡亮4个小时。回收1个铝罐就等于节约了半个铝罐的石油。所以我们应将垃圾分类安放，由有关部门回收后再生产再利用!

Recycling 1 tons of waste paper can be recycled 800 kilograms of paper, can save 17 trees. Recovery of the 20 waste boxes can create a beautiful pen. Recycling one glass bottle to save energy, can make the light bulb for 4 hours. Recovery of the 1 aluminum cans is equal to saving half an aluminum cans of oil. So we should put garbage classification, by the relevant departments after the recovery of reproduction!

只要我们从自己做起，从小事做起，大家共同努力，持之以恒，就一定能为社会、也为自己留下一片碧水蓝天，我希望人人都能自觉保护环境，让我们的生活环境更加美好。

As long as we start from ourselves, from the little things, we work together, will be able to persevere, to society, but also for myself a blue sky, I hope everyone can consciously Protect environment, to make our living environment more beautiful.

当我第一次看到海的时候还很小，浩瀚的大海使我惊叹，我心中自然而然地生出一个概念:水是源源不断的，是取之不尽，用之不竭的。

的确，在人们的印象中，水无处不在，为人们的生产、生活服务。它是工业的血液，农业的命根子，生活中最不可缺少的小助手······总之，水是我们赖以生存的宝贵财富，而且据调查，我们居住的地球还有一个别名叫“水球”，顾名思义，我们的地球上70.8%充满了水。但这么多水，其中海水就占了97%，陆地上的地面水占0.017%其中又有一半在内海和盐湖之中。淡水的根本来源是雨露，每49年落到陆地上的水只有10.5万立方米，而这其中的2/3又被植物蒸腾或地面蒸发掉，只有1/3，即3.75万立方米的水可供人类利用。

这么少的水足够我们用吗?答案是否定的。

既然如此，为什么当人们看见水龙头的自来水“哗啦哗啦”地流的时候，就总是视而不见，不愿上前一步关掉水龙头?为什么当一些人往江河海湖扔垃圾的时候，他们想不到这对水的污染有多大?为什么当工业污水“哗啦啦”地流进江河海湖时，看着原本清澈的水变成污水时，人们并不感到痛惜?为什么当······

其实，人类现在是慢性自杀，他们毫不痛惜地污染、浪费水资源，然而，水又是多么的宝贵呀!如果现在不好好珍惜水资源，未来的水将像油一样珍贵。

所以，我们要搞好水的循环利用。利用天然淡化器将海水淡化处理，这样做既环保又省钱，可以说是一举多得。水源的问题解决了，如何用呢?人们应该多发明如“电解水分子洗衣机”等节水产品，“电解水分子洗衣机”利用电解水分子的原理，让水分子中的氧原子吸收衣服里的赃物，电解出的氢原子可以作为环保汽车的燃料，既不损害衣物纤维，又为汽车提供动力能源，还为环保事业尽了力，何乐而不为呢?

尽管现在有很多节水产品，但最重要的还是靠人们自己--不浪费，不污染水资源，这样，才能更好地保护水资源。

啊!人类快觉醒吧!如果我们不珍惜水资源的话，将来地球上流下的最后一滴水将是自己的眼泪。

Nowadays, there are more and more students becoming short-sighted. Some students get short-sightedness when they are little. There are fifteen students wearing glasses in my class. Being short-sighted is common among students, even in primary school. That is too serious. Therefore, we should protect our eyes carefully. When we are reading and writing, we should keep a standard posture. Besides, we should not watch TV or play computer for too long. They are bad for our eyes. And, we should do eyes exercises regularly. A good rest is also important to our eyes. In all, eyes are the windows of our mind. We should keep it healthy.

Animals are friends of human beings, everybody is responsible for animal protection, we should take good care of them. Because, there are a lot of insects are beneficial to human. For example: the bee, it is industrious, very early in the morning to go out honey, again and again. In the dark, after the bite honey, non-stop to adopt to carry on the processing of honey. The appearance of the bees and ordinary, life is very short, only about 3 months, Can it all his life not rest, work diligently, and them nothing in humans, but for people to make sweet and delicious, nutritious, honey can cure sickness.

And the frog, the frog is covered with green clothes, two big eyes, like two stars glittering and translucent and transparent glass ball, it hid in the field, only eat insects, protect crops. Two a push with its back when it catch insects, a jump, nimbly hind legs up, jump up high, long tongue out, like a vacuum cleaner quickly eat insects to the stomach. But we humans can use them as delicious food on the table.

There are many lovely animals, my favorite is the giant panda. The giant panda is our precious animals, my mother told me that the giant panda is a national treasure of our country! Long giant pandas are cute, chubby, plump, start to counteract a, particularly funny. Its head and body are white, only the rim of the eye, ear, and the shoulder is dark brown. Especially that a pair of black rim of the eye, long in white face, like wearing a pair of sunglasses, plus the clumsiness and start to look in all directions, looks like a little gentleman.

You look! They are adorable, they are our humans good friends, how are we going to have the heart to hurt them?

动物是人类的朋友，保护动物人人有责，我们应该爱护它们。因为，有很多昆虫都对人类有益。比如说：蜜蜂，它很勤劳，每天早上很早就出去采蜜，一次又一次。到了天黑，吃几口蜜糖后，就马不停蹄地对采来的蜜进行加工。蜜蜂的外形并不起眼，生命也很短暂，只有3个月左右;可它一生都不休息，勤勤恳恳地工作，它们对人类毫无所求，却为人们酿造了甘甜可口、营养丰富、可医治病痛的蜂蜜。

还有青蛙，青蛙披着碧绿的衣裳，两只大眼睛，像两颗晶莹透明的玻璃球，它藏在田里，专吃害虫，保护庄稼。它捉害虫的时候两条后腿一蹬，一纵身，敏捷地将后腿一蜷，跳起老高，长长的舌头一伸，就像一个吸尘器一样转眼就把害虫吃到肚子里去了。可是，我们人类却把它们当成美味佳肴摆在餐桌上。

还有许多可爱的动物，我最喜欢的是大熊猫。大熊猫是我国珍贵的动物，妈妈告诉我大熊猫还是我们国家的国宝呢!大熊猫长的很可爱，胖乎乎、圆滚滚的，走起路来一摇一晃的，特别逗人。它的头部和身体都是白色的，只有眼圈、耳朵和肩部是黑褐色的。特别是那一对黑黑的眼圈，长在白白的脸上，像是戴着一副墨镜，加上那笨拙的动作和走起路来东张西望的神情，显得像个小绅士。

你瞧!它们多么可爱，它们是我们人类的好朋友，我们怎么忍心伤害它们呢?

Everyone knows that eyes are one of the most important parts of our body.Having good eyesight means we can not only see things clearly,but also enjoy some beautiful scenes.there is also a saying going that eyes are the window of our mind.But how can we protect our eyes?

Here are some tips for you .Firstly, it is a good habits not to read your books or newspapers for a long time because our eyes need rest,too.Secondly,dont read books in a strong or poor light,otherwise,the light would harm our eyes.At last,remember to keep on doing eye-exercises and watch more green grass and other plants.

每个人都知道眼睛是我们身体最重要的部分之一。拥有良好的视力意味着我们不仅能看到事物的本质,也能欣赏到一些美丽的风景。还有一个说,眼睛是心灵的窗口。但是我们如何保护我们的眼睛呢?

这里有一些建议给你。首先,不长时间看书或者看报纸这是一个好习惯,因为我们的眼睛需要休息。其次,不在光线强或光线差下看书,否则,光会伤害我们的眼睛。最后,记得要坚持做眼保健操,看更多的绿草和其他植物。

When winter comes, the topic of haze will never be ignored. When it comes, many pictures will be showed. People make fun of these pictures and they actually laugh at themselves, living with these poison air. Even in the daytime, people can’t see their faces beyond 10 meters. Many schools choose to stop the class and let the students stay at home. It is obvious that haze is a great threat to people’s health. This new type of destruction is the result of polluted environment. Businessmen chase for the profit and take the cost of polluting the environment. Now their offspring have to suffer from it. It is never too late to do something to protect our earth.

当冬季来临的时候，阴霾的话题永远不会被忽略。当雾霾到来的时候，人们会为它拍摄很多图片，之后再取笑这些照片。但是他们实际上嘲笑的是他们自己，因为他们生活在这些有毒的空气里。即使在白天，如果超过10米的话，人们都会看不见他人的脸。许多学校选择停课，让学生呆在家里。很明显，雾霾严重威胁到人们的健康。这种新型的破坏是环境污染的后果。商人们追求以污染环境为代价的利润，现在他们的后代都得遭受到恶果。现在为保护我们的地球付出努力还为时不晚。

假如你是李华，现任你们学校的学生会主席。你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召全校同学行动起来，为环保运动做出自己的努力。同时下周六学校将组织同学在全市进行环保宣传活动，征召志愿者到校学生会报名。

注意：(1)短文应该包括以上所提供的主要信息，可适当发挥;(2)词数：120左右;(3)倡议书格式以提供，不计入总词数;(4)参考词汇：征召(新人) recruit。

15 May, 2010

Dear brothers and sisters,

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

15 May, 2010

Dear brothers and sisters,

On behalf of the University Students Union, I, the Chairman of the Union , am earnestly calling for your active participation in our environmental protection campaign. It is the duty of every global villager; man just can not sustain his glorious civilization without a rewarding environment, which will be possible only if man makes considerable efforts to protect the environment.

Do you cherish precio us opportunities to volunteer in our joint efforts in environmental protection? Here is a great one not to be missed by any enthusiastic youth; Right next Saturday, our university is to run a publicity campaign to advocate environmental protection across the city. The University Students Union will be in charge of recruitment of volunteers. Lets join our hands and take action immediately.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

Economic development and environmental protection are a pressing issue primarily for developing countries where, in trying to catch up with developed countries, they have to consume natural resources on an unprecedented scale. This has seriously polluted our environment and, with the global environmental campaign gaining momentum, many people in China call for the precedence of environmental protection over economic development.

Any attempt to pose economic development and environmental protection as diametrically contradictory is simple-minded. Since no country is willing to stop its economic development, the best way is to strike a balance between the two and to heighten the environmental awareness of those solely concerned with economic development.

European countries both economically developed and environmentally friendly can serve as perfect examples for China. Their success story in both undertakings illustrates that environmental protection does not mean a complete standstill of economic activities or exploitation of natural resources, but rather an active development and application of effective technologies to minimize environmental consequences. In Germany, environmental protection has become part of economic development as it boasts the world s most successful environmental industry. With a developed economy, we are well equipped to develop sophisticated technologies that can effectively safeguard our environment.

[英语作文：经济发展与环境保护

With the development ofscience and technology ,different kinds of pollution has been produced andcaused global concern recently.

As we know, people have beenliving on the earth for thousands of years, human activity damaged natural environment, such as excessive abuse of natural resources ,the sewage dischargedfrom factories ,the animal slaughter ,kinds of chemical fertilizers andgreen-house effect. All that is mentioned above has a bad impact on the eco-system .Now, many animals aredying out. We are suffering from unhealthy food and water, we are faced withharmful rays and global warming. It was ourselves who had made a series oftroubles. As you can see, we are the final victim.

Above all, if we human beings cannot recognize theseserious problems and try our best to solve them soon, we would finally lose theenvironment suitable for us to live. So, it is our duty to protect theenvironment ,but what should we do to protect it?

In my opinion, the first and important thing is tounite all forces ,that is to say---gather all hearts together. Next we shouldprotect and plant more trees, which can dispose of the dust in the air. As forfamilies, it is effective to ride bicycles rather than drive cars. Don’t litteranywhere as you like. In addition, sorting and recycling the rubbish also playan essential role in the protection of our earth. We’d better call on everyone aroundus to lead a low-carbon life, as it may make a difference to the environment.

Thus, it’s high time that we did something to improveour surroundings. Everybody should raise the awareness to protect our motherearth. Let’s appeal to more people to join us.

All in all ,there’s no doubt that keeping the balanceof human and nature ,we will benefit a lot.

导语：很多东西都面临灭绝的危险，我们应该保护动物，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction, because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example, with the developmet of cities, the using of insecticide and serious pollution, their living areas have become narrowcr and narrower. Many of the wild animals, now are confronted with food crisis. At the same time, man is killing off species just for getting their fur, skin, horns, teeth and meat.

In order to protect our resources of ecology, people should realize that the loss of any species is at least the loss of source of knowledge and a source of natural beauty. There fore, measures of the following should be taken: pollution standards are made to keepdown poisons; killing off certain rare species is prohibited; national parks should be set up as wild life, reserves.

Only if we human beings take some drastic measures can wild animals be preserved.

【参考译文】

许多野生动物正面临灭绝的危险，因为它们生活的环境已经发生了巨大的变化。例如，随着城市的发展，杀虫剂的使用和严重的污染，他们的生活区域变得越来越狭小。许多野生动物现在面临食物危机。同时，人类为了获取皮毛、皮肤、角、牙和肉而捕杀物种。

为了保护我们的生态资源，人们应该意识到任何物种的损失至少是知识的源泉和自然美的源泉。因此，本应采取以下措施：制订污染标准以降低有毒物质;严禁杀害某些稀有物种;应建立国家公园作为野生动物，保护区。

只有人类采取一些激烈的措施，野生动物才能被保存下来。

水，在我们的日常生活中随处可见，可以说我们每天的生活都离不开水。有人这样说水是生命的支柱，水是生活的源泉，水是不可缺少的……

前些天新闻不断报道我国西南缺水、北方缺水，数以万计的人畜缺少必要的生活用水。我国现在的水资源已十分紧缺，根据最新的调查资料，我国的100平方公里以上的大河这些年已经减少了一大半。

但在我们日常生活中，很多人以为自己浪费点水没多大关系，像没有在意水龙头的紧否，随意排污，乱丢垃圾等一系列浪费和破坏水资源的行为。今年的新闻也不断有用污水灌溉，直接向地下排放污水的报道。

也有些人们只顾自己的利益，完全没有注意到水环境的变化和水资源的减小，以为水是取之不尽用之不竭的，不在意这一点点水。其实水资源的剧减，水环境的恶化都有很大一部分原因来于人类;人类的节水意识差，缺少保护意识，让地球的水不断减少，水环境遭到恶劣的破坏。我们都知道我国历史上有著名的京杭大运河，给我国古代人们带来了很大的交通便利;但现在它的很大一部分由于缺水而不能正常通航。由于缺水，国家花了很多资金进行了南水北调工程，我省也有引黄济青工程，通过长距离调水来满足工农业生产及生活需求。

我们每个人都应有强烈的节水意识，珍惜水资源，保护水环境;我们应该从小事做起，一水多用，节约水，循环用水。首先自己有节水意识，再宣传带动周边人，大家一起节水。保护我们共同的水资源，不要浪费水，不要让我们的眼泪成为最后的水。

我们大家都行动起来吧!节约每一滴水，保护水资源，让我们人类不要因为没有了水资源难以生存。让我们的家园、让我们人类的明天更加美好!更加繁荣富强!

Oceans becoming more acidicThe worlds oceans are slowly getting more acidic, say scientists.The researchers from California say the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.The lowering of the waters pH value is not great at the moment but could pose a serious threat to current marine life if it continues, they warn.Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.Increasing use of fossil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater.

Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid.Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.But these researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change."This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira."And we predicted amounts of future acidity that exceed anything we saw over the last several hundred million years, apart from perhaps after rare catastrophic events such as asteroid impacts."If carbon dioxide release continues unabated, ocean pH could be reduced by as much as 0.77 units, the authors warn.It is not absolutely clear what that means for marine life, however.

Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean lifeforms may be more sensitive to pH changes.Coral reefs and other organisms whose skeletons or shells contain calcium carbonate may be particularly affected, the team speculate. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH.In recent years some people have suggested deliberately storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of curbing global warming.But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered."Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing - because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet; and when CO2 is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.

Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history。 Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers， for food， for sport， and simply because they were in the way。 Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever。 Hundreds more are on the danger list today。 About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger。

Why should people care？ Because we need animals， and because once they are gone， there will never be any more。 Animals are more than just beautiful or interesting。 They are more than just a source of food。 Every animal has its place in the balance of nature。 Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems。 For example， when farmers killed large numbers of hawks， the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice。 Why？ Because hawks eat rats and mice， with no hawks to keep down their numbers， the rats and mice multiplied quickly。

Luckily， some people are working to help save the animals。 Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem。 And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger。 Quite a few countries have passed laws。 These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list。 Slowly， the number of some animals in danger is growing。

Panda is our country’s treasure, we should protect it. nowadays, we see from the TV that panda is less than before, it is not only because of the damage of the environment, but also the weakness of the panda. Everybody loves panda, it is so lovely, a panda has two black eyes, it is very lazy, it likes sleeping all the time. When we see its round body shape, we can’t help loving them. In order to see the lovely animal, we need to protect them. We must protect the environment, like not to throw the rubbish away, not to cut down the trees. We condemn such behavior that killing the animals. Protecting the animals is everybody’s job.

熊猫是我们国家的珍宝，我们应该保护它。现在，我们可以从电视上看到熊猫比以前少，这不仅因为环境的破坏，还因为熊猫自身的脆弱。大家都喜欢熊猫，它很可 爱，熊猫有两只黑色的眼睛，很懒，总是在睡觉。当我们看到熊猫圆圆的身形时，忍不住喜欢它们。为了看到这些可爱的动物，我们需要保护它们。我们必须保护环 境，比如不随处扔垃圾，不砍伐树木。我们谴责杀动物的行为。保护动物，人人有责。

A thought-provoking dialogue between the mother elephant and her own child appears in the first picture. Having growing his teeth, the young elephant is eager to share the exciting news with his mother. However, after repeating his words several times, there is still no response coming from the mother. Meanwhile, the attractive caption in the second photo reads: no trade, no kill.

The above pictures unveil a hazard posed to wildlife due to the expanding scale of world commercial hunting. At least two fundamental factors could contribute to this phenomenon. The industry of commercial hunting have undergone a booming expansion (along with the growing public awareness of the merits of wildlife, which makes/), making hunting unusually profitable. Worse still, lacking knowledge regarding the significance of ecological balance, some people take the gun to chase animals insatiably (and thus cause a severe threat to all life in the world). Apparently, this trend will surely in turn endanger humankind in the long run.

(On no account should we turn a blind eye to such things.//All these factors above make it crucial to take drastic measures to protect the wildlife.) Accordingly, governments all over the world are supposed to unite to work out effective measures against commercial hunting. Additionally, people should be educated from childhood to cultivate the awareness that we and the rare wild animals share the same precious planet. I do believe a harmonious relationship between the wildlife and human beings is awaiting us if we make every effort to promote wildlife protection both nationally and internationally.

As we all know， the environment around us is getting worse and worse /more and more seriously today。 Water is polluted， we have no clean water to drink。 Many trees are cutting down， some animals are getting less and less。 Some factories are pouring dirty air into the sky。 The population is increasing faster and faster， resources are getting less and less…etc。 Not only does it affect our lives and health， it also has a great affection in the future。 People’s health has been greatly affected by air， noise and water pollution。 Many people died of diseases。 In order to live a better life， something must be done to stop the pollution。 It’s our duty to protect our environment。 We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere。 Trees are very helpful and important for us。 We should plant more and more trees in order to live better and more healthy in the future。

If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment， the world will bee much more beautiful。 In a word， if everyone pays more attention to our environment， there will be less pollution and our life will be better。 “There is only one earth”， I hope everyone will protect our environment well。

周恩来是中华人民共和国的开国总理，在主持国家行政管理事务、领导经济建设长达27年的岁月中，他十分重视生态环境保护，特别对水生态环境的保护，倾注了大量的心力，在理论上作出艰辛的探索，开启了新中国水生态环境保护事业的新局面。

一、保护水生态环境思想的初步成型

水生态环境的保护，就一个国家来说包括陆地的水土保持、治理水土流失，及治理江河水系、近岸海域的水污染等项内容。据此来看周恩来保护水生态环境的思想发展历程，历经初步成型和丰富完善两个阶段。20世纪50年代初期至60年代末是第一阶段。在此阶段，周恩来针对新中国水土流失的状况，特别是西北黄土高原水土流失的现实，积极探索治理方略，把治理水土流失、整治沟坡与植树造林紧密结合起来，强调从源头上根治的重要性，在理论上作了精湛论述。

作为一个大陆性气候为主和农耕文明悠久的国家，中国森林和植被的覆盖率是相当低的，1949年全国森林覆盖率的概数为8.6%。[1]森林覆盖率低致使自然生态环境恶劣，十分明显地表现在水土流失上，全国水土流失面积约150万平方公里，相当于国土面积的1/6。黄河流经的黄土高原地区水土流失严重，面积达58万平方公里。[2]新中国建立之初百废待兴，周恩来在领导治淮、治黄的同时，对治理水土流失给予极大的关注，思考着解决的途径。他多次指出，森林植被的破坏是造成水土流失的关键性原因。中国的森林覆盖率很低，和世界上许多森林国家相比还差得很远。1951年9月7日，周恩来在主持第101次政务会议讨论全国灾情问题时强调了造林、护林的重要性，指出“靠山吃山，靠水吃水”这两句话，就要写得适当才行，否则，“靠山吃山”，把树都砍光了，水灾就来了。[3]

1952年12月26日，周恩来审阅签发了《政务院关于发动群众继续开展防旱抗旱运动并大力推行水土保持工作的指示》(以下简称《指示》)，对全国尤其是对黄河流域的水土保持工作怎样开展作出全面部署。《指示》首先明确了水土保持的战略地位和区域重点，指出：“水土保持是一项长期的改造自然的工作。由于各河治本和山区生产的需要，水土保持工作，目前已属刻不容缓”。“应以黄河的支流，无定河、延水，及泾、渭、洛诸河流域为全国的重点。”其次，《指示》对水土保持的治理方针和技术路线作了全面、科学的阐述，明确提出：“首先应在山区丘陵和高原地带有计划地封山、造林、种草和禁开陡坡，以涵蓄水流和巩固表土，同时应推行先进的耕种方法，如修梯田、挑旱渠、等高种植和牧草轮作等方法，期使降落的雨水尽量就地渗入，缓和下流，不致形成冲刷的流势和流量。对于已经冲刷的山溪沟壑，即应先支沟，后干沟，自上而下，由小而大地修筑拦沙坝和缓流坝，以改变沟壑纵向的坡度，延缓洪水下泄的速度，截留其挟带下泄的泥沙，淤出的土地并可增加生产。”[4]由此可看出，《指示》中明确地提出了水土保持的三大基本措施，即耕作措施、林草措施、工程措施，充分体现了水土保持的综合性，且正确地处理了工程与生物、治坡与治沟的关系，为尔后数十年我国水土流失的治理措施指出了方向。1956年至1958年，国务院水土保持委员会提出的“全面规划，综合开发，坡沟兼治，集中治理”的方针;1973年至1977年，治黄领导小组提出的“以土为首，土水林综合治理，为农业生产服务”的方针，虽具体提法不同，但是对于水土流失必须综合治理，必须正确对待工程与生物、治坡与治沟等的要求，都是在《指示》精神的指导下提出的。第三，关于水土保持的工作方针和组织路线，《指示》中提出：“水土保持是群众性、长期性和综合性的工作，必须结合生产的实际需要，发动群众组织起来长期进行，才能收到预期的功效”，“必须依靠群众，通过群众，使群众自愿地行动起来”;水土保持要以“预防为主”，要“深入调查研究”，“总结当地的经验”，要“拟定因地制宜的计划”，水土保持“必须与农、林、水利和畜牧各项开发计划密切配合，才能巩固和扩大工作的成绩”，“各级农、林、水利部门必须组织一定力量协助各地群众，及时给予技术指导。”[5]《指示》下达后，水土保持工作在全国特别是黄河流域逐步展开。陕西、山西、甘肃等省一些水土保持搞得较好的地、县、乡、村和小流域，其主要经验就是认真执行了《指示》中的具体要求。

开展水土保持工作的路途不是平坦的。由于50年代全国各地在经济建设中追求速度，采用的多是粗放型经营方式，未能注重经济发展与资源、生态环境的和谐关系，特别是1958年兴起的三年大跃进运动，在大炼钢铁和大办工业中，大砍树木，到处垦荒，对森林植被、生态环境造成巨大破坏。面对这样严峻的现实，50年代末至60年代初，周恩来在许多重要场合一再地讲水土保持、植树造林对于水生态环境的重要性。他认为，森林植被的破坏和减少，不仅是造成许多大河流域的水土流失，而且是造成沙化的根源。为此，周恩来还用追溯历史的方法，不止一次地讲古人在经济活动中砍伐森林带来的负面影响，以史为鉴，警示今人。1957年11月4日周恩来在接见埃及文化代表团时谈道：“古老文化还损伤了大自然，中国有林的山只有百分之十，好多都是荒山，古代人只知建设不知保护森林，后代子孙深受其害。”[6]1964年6月21日周恩来接见英国前坎特伯雷教长约翰逊夫妇时谈道：“文化越古的国家，越不知道保护森林，树木越少。我去过的地方，如从尼罗河经过中东、中亚细亚，到中国这一大片，都如此。”[7]“黄土高原是我们祖宗的摇篮地，是民族文化的发源地，但是这个地方的森林被破坏了”。[8]

在这一阶段，周恩来不仅对黄土高原地区的水土保持工作倾注了大量心血，对南方地区出现的水土流失也十分关切，及时给予具体指导。1964年12月至1965年1月，周恩来在出席第三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议期间，看到有关江西兴国地区由于水土流失严重、河床逐年升高的提案后，对江西省委负责人说：这件事，江西省委要抓，要解决问题。又说：解决兴国的淤沙，一要挖沙筑坝，二要从根本上解决问题，严禁滥砍乱伐上游的森林，大力植树造林，搞好水土保持，固住泥沙不下流。造林是百年大计，黄河流域可以造林固沙挡风，江西山区多，我们不能光采伐不造林育林，光吃祖宗饭，造子孙孽。只要我们有雄心壮志，长期搞下去，增加森林覆盖率，兴国的淤沙问题就可以迎刃而解。[9]

二、保护水生态环境思想的完善

进入70年代，随着水污染问题愈益突出，保护水生态环境工作增添了新内涵。周恩来敏锐地认识到治理水污染、保护水生态的重要意义，果断采取一系列措施，推动中国水生态环境保护事业的开展。至此，周恩来保护水生态环境的思想，从内涵上看已论及水生态环境保护的各主要方面，日臻丰富完善。

20世纪60至70年代，随着工业化、城市化进程的快速推进，经济发展与生态环境间的矛盾愈益彰显出来，世界上不少国家已把环境问题提到了议事日程，对由于经济发展所带来的诸如大气、水质、噪声以及固体废弃物的污染采取措施，进行治理。这一时期，中国的水生态环境已开始受到破坏，一些工业集中地区环境污染严重，直接危害了人民群众的健康。

官厅水库是北京市主要供水水源地之一。1971年官厅水库由于长期受入库河流桑干河、洋河等携带的工业废水、生活污水污染，水库水质变坏，水色浑黄，漂有白沫，有苦药味，死鱼增加。水库大坝东侧北寨等4个村的群众饮用库水后出现无力、头痛、背痛等症状。1972年3月，怀来、大兴县一带群众，因吃了官厅水库有异味的鱼，发生恶心、呕吐等症状。化验表明水库水质已受到污染，并有恶化趋势。[10]这一事件引起了国务院和周恩来的重视，国务院批准北京市成立官厅水库水源保护领导小组，万里任组长，下设办公室，统一管理水源保护工作。[11]根据周恩来关于查清官厅水库水源污染情况的指示，官厅水库水源保护领导小组在作了详细、大量实地调查后，写出《关于桑干河水系污染情况的调查报告》。9月5日，国务院批转了这个报告，并作出批示，要求各有关部门和地区必须严肃对待此事，积极行动起来，根治桑干河的污染，一抓到底，不要半途而废。[12]官厅水库水源保护领导小组采取了综合利用、化害为利、改革工艺、减少污染、污水净化处理等积极的治理措施，经过3年努力，到1975年测定，官厅水库水质已经好转。1976年以后，水库水质基本接近饮用水标准。[13]

至70年代初，周恩来已清醒地意识到中国环境问题的严重性和紧迫性。他利用出席各种会议，会见各界人士以及审阅文件、处理问题和去各地视察等多种机会，一再强调环境保护的重要意义。1971年4月5日，周恩来在接见全国交通工作会议代表谈到环境保护问题时，提出：在经济建设中的废水、废气、废渣不解决，就会成为公害。发达的资本主义国家公害很严重，我们要认识到经济发展中会遇到这个问题，采取措施解决。[14]1972年9月8日，周恩来在邀集国家计委和各省、市、自治区负责人参加的会议上，对治理“三废”(工业废水、废气、废渣)问题作出指示：我们在搞经济建设的同时，就应该抓紧解决这个问题，绝对不做贻害子孙后代的事。[15]与此同时，周恩来接连作出了有关中国开展环境保护工作的部署。

1972年6月5日至16日，联合国在斯德哥尔摩召开了人类环境会议，这是人类历史上第一次有关保护环境的全球会议。此时，中国尚处于非常封闭的情况下，“文化大革命”还在如火如荼地进行，阶级斗争仍是当时的主旋律。但周恩来远见卓识，决定组成40人余的中国代表团参加这一世界性会议。关于参加会议的目的，周恩来指示：通过这次会议，了解世界环境状况和各国环境问题对经济、社会发展的重大影响，并以此作为镜子，认识中国的环境问题。[16]起初代表团人员由卫生部门组织，周恩来觉得，环境保护工作是综合性的工作，不仅仅涉及卫生部门，单独由卫生部门组团出席这次会议是不全面的。他要求工业部门也参加。后来，他又提出要国家计划委员会的同志也参加。最后，中国派出了以燃料化学工业部副部长唐克为团长、国家计划委员会副主任顾明为副团长的代表团。代表团成员来自多个部门。

周恩来还亲自修改和审定了代表团带到会议上的与会报告。针对当时在环境问题上的极“左”观点，他明确指示代表团应实事求是，并在修改与会报告时加上了“中国也存在环境问题”一节。在他的指导和与会代表的共同努力下，中国代表团在人类环境会议上开展了卓有成效的工作。代表团提出了修改《人类环境宣言》草案的十个主要原则，联合发展中国家推动大会对宣言草案做了较大的修改，使修改后的内容更加有利于发展中国家。[17]

1973年8月5日至20日，在周恩来指导下，国务院在北京召开首次全国环境保护会议。各省、市、自治区革命委员会主管计划和城市建设的负责同志，国务院有关部门的领导，开展综合利用、除害兴利较好的厂矿企业代表，科学研究部门和大专院校的代表，共300多人参加了会议。国务院副总理李先念、余秋里等也参加了会议。会议较充分地披露了中国的环境问题。比如，官厅水库的污染、火力发电厂的污染、黄河沿岸八省区工业“三废”对黄河水的污染。这些触目惊心的事实，使代表们深切地了解到中国水域、大气、土地已经遭受了严重的污染和破坏。会议期间先后印发了6期《简报增刊》和6期《环境保护情况反映》，集中反映环境污染和生态破坏方面的情况。这些资料除了在会议上印发，还由国家计划委员会向各省、市、自治区革命委员会和国务院各部门转发，“虽然在通知上注明‘请注意保密’，但是，实际上把环境污染和生态破坏的情况通报了全国”。[18]

首次全国环境保护会议审议并通过《关于保护和改善环境的若干规定(试行草案)》，提出并制定《关于加强全国环境监测工作意见》和《自然保护区暂行条例》，正式确立“全面规划、合理布局、综合利用、化害为利、依靠群众、大家动手、保护环境、造福人民”的32字环境保护方针。会议结束不久，国务院批转了国家计划委员会上报的《关于保护和改善环境的若干规定(试行草案)》。这是中国生态环境保护史上第一个由国务院批转的具有法规性质的文件，是新中国生态环境保护立法的起点。这个文件共有10条。第1条和第2条是重点，分别提出“要做好全面规划”和“工业要合理布局”;第3条“要改善老城市的环境”，规定保护水源，消烟除尘，治理污染;第4条“要大搞综合利用，除害兴利”，规定“一切新建、扩建和改建企业，防治污染项目，必须与主体工程同时设计，同时施工，同时投产”;其余6条分别对水土保持和植被保护、水系和海域的管理、植树造林绿化祖国、环境监测、环境科学研究和宣传教育、环境保护投资和设备等做出规定。[19]

这次会议推动中国的生态环保事业向前迈出了一大步。在周恩来的多次指示和关注下，从中央到地方相继建立起环境保护机构、环境监测和科研机构。1974年5月国务院环境保护领导小组办公室成立，负责统筹规划、全面安排环境保护工作并监督实施。各省、市、自治区和国务院主要部门相继建立了环境保护机构，许多地、市以上城市和大中型工矿企业也设置了环境保护机构或专职人员。有关环境保护的法规先后出台，如《森林采伐更新规程》(1973年)、《工业三废排放试行标准》(1973年)、《中华人民共和国防止沿海水域污染暂行规定》(1974年)等。也正是从这时起，一批国外先进的环境监测仪器设备引进国门。官厅水库的水质污染、包头钢铁厂的烟尘等“三废”污染得到了有效的治理。

三、两个鲜明的特点

纵观周恩来领导水生态环境保护事业的实践及其思想的形成和发展，有两个特点十分鲜明，感人至深。

一是始终心忧水生态环境。自新中国建国伊始至70年代中期的二十余年时间里，周恩来在繁忙的国务活动中始终心系水生态环境保护事业，发表和作出的有关治理水土流失、植树造林、治理水污染等保护水生态环境的谈话、指示、批示等，仅中央文献研究室编三卷本《周恩来年谱(1949—1976)》能查到的就达34次[20]。这其中50年代12次，60年代16次，70年代6次，呈现分布频次均衡，时间悠长的特征。

由于50年代经济建设中的粗放型经营模式和大跃进运动的负面影响，水生态环境保护工作的成效并不明显。周恩来对此心情十分沉重。1966年2月，在全国林业工作会议之前，周恩来对林业部的负责人说：我当总理十六年，有两件事交不了账，一是黄河、一是林业。[21]会议期间，周恩来接见了西北各省、自治区林业厅(局)长及西北林业建设兵团的代表，他语重心长地说：“工业犯了错误，一二年就可能转过来，林业和水利上犯了错误，多少年也翻不过身来。我最担心的，一个是治水治错了，一个是林子砍多了。治水治错了，树砍多了，下一代人也要说你。我国森林覆盖率只有百分之十多一点。十六年来，全国砍多于造，是亏了。二十世纪还剩下三十几年，再亏下去不得了。造林是百年大计，要好好搞。”[22]针对西北地区的特殊条件他指出：“西北黄土高原搞了多少年造林啦?劳大功小，要很好总结经验。”“西北地区造林要集中在黄河泥沙主要来源地区，不要孤零零地分散搞。分散了，投资很大，功效很小，起不了多大作用。”[23]周恩来要求西北地区总结经验，成立一个统管农林和水土保持的领导小组，协调好各方面的关系，开展工作。

即便在外事活动中，周恩来仍关注着水生态的保护。1973年9月16日，周恩来陪同法国总统蓬皮杜游览杭州西湖时，看到机动游艇船尾漂散的油污，对浙江省的负责人说：现在世界上许多著名的风景湖区都被污染了，水草枯死，鱼类绝迹，再不能游览观赏，我们的西湖不能污染。为了给我们的子孙后代留下一个风景如画的西湖，也为了让更多外宾在这胜似天堂的湖光山色中一饱眼福，今后西湖内应少用机动游艇，以避免湖水污染。[24]此后，得知西湖已在试用电瓶船时，周恩来甚为欣慰。

二是实事求是，直面中国的水生态问题。在“文化大革命”的特殊年代，周恩来能够力排“左”的干扰，实事求是，直面中国的水污染现状。1971年10月9日，周恩来陪同埃塞俄比亚皇帝塞拉西参观北京东方红石油化工总厂。鉴于厂方接待人员介绍该厂污水处理工程言过其实，周恩来要求在赠送埃方的纪录片中剪掉不符合实际的镜头。[25]1972年6月为参加联合国首届人类环境会议，中国代表团按规定须提交一份报告。周恩来在审阅报告草稿时，发现其中大讲中国取得的建设成就，而对污染、公害问题却只字未提。阅后，他对起草人严肃地说：“还是实事求是嘛!我们也有环境问题，不好回避。西方环境不像你们讲得那么差，我们这里也没有这么好，污染到处都有，一些地区很严重。北京就有污水，冒黑烟。”[26]周恩来不但对报告草稿提出具体意见，还亲自提笔修改。于是，在中国代表团提交大会的报告中，增加了“中国也存在环境问题”一节。周恩来坚持实事求是，直面中国的水污染等生态环境问题，在当时的政治氛围里是需要信念、勇气和远见的，是他对党和人民事业强烈的使命感和责任感使然。

水是生命的源泉，俗话说得好： “人可以一日不吃饭， 但不可一日不喝水”人的生活离不开水， 水是人们生活中不可缺少的重要资源。

据资料显示， 现在全世界有100多个国家缺水，地球上能够被人类直接利用的淡水资源仅占地球的百分之零点三。许多树木、村庄和田地，被沙漠吞食， 沙漠面积在逐渐扩大，淡水资源减少。水资源不足不仅成了许多国家的经济发展的障碍，而且已经威胁到人们的生活、健康甚至生命。不断加剧的水资源危机使人们终于清醒了：水并不是取之不尽，用之不竭的。节约用水，保护水资源已经引起了全人类的高度重视 。构建一个水源丰富、山青水秀的美丽家园是我们的愿望。

但是，在我们的生活中， 浪费水资源的现象相当严重。在学校里，曾见过这样的景象：有的同学用水相互洒，打着水仗;有的同学用完水后不关好水龙头，水在滴答地流着;有的同学把水装进气球里玩。在家里，有的家庭洗手时，擦肥皂的时候却不关水龙头;有的家庭把洗脸水倒去，其实这水是可以用来冲厕所的。

然而，在我们浪费水的同时，也在污染着水资源。一些城镇将生活污染水和工业废水直接排入江河，有的将垃圾和死了的牲畜直接抛入河流中，让母亲河不能给人类提供方便了。

人人节约用水个个珍惜和保护水资源， 还我们一个绿树成荫，鸟语花香，河水清清。鱼儿欢畅的美好生活环境吧!