春天的英语写作素材_作文【20篇】

导语：.孝子之至，莫大乎尊亲。自古以来，孝敬父母就是中华民族的美德。为人子女者，首先要做的便是孝敬父母，感恩父母。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的关于孝顺父母的名言佳句集锦，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

关于孝顺父母的名人名言[1]

1.尧舜之道，孝悌而已。——(宋)李纲

2.海内存知已，天涯若比邻。——(唐)王勃

3.不孝的人是世界最可恶的人。——鲁迅

4.百善孝为先，万恶淫为首。——(清)王永彬

5.重资财，薄父母，不成人子。——(明)朱柏庐

6.谁言寸草心，报得三春晖。——(唐)孟郊

7.落日见秋草，暮年逢故人。——(唐) 李端

8.孝子之养也，乐其心，不违其志。——(先秦)《礼记》

9.酒逢知已千杯少，话不投机半句多。——(明)高明

10.我们体贴老人，要像对待孩子一样。——(德)歌德

11.莫愁前路无知已，天下谁人不识君。 ——(唐)高适

12.同是天涯沦落人，相逢何必曾相识。——(唐)白居易

13.仁之实，事亲是也;义之实，从兄是也。 ——(先秦)孟子

14.夫孝，天之经也，地之义也，民之行也。——(先秦)《孝经》

15.恩德相结者，谓之知已;腹心相结者，谓之知心。——(明) 冯梦龙

16.孝子之养也，乐其心，不违其志。——(先秦)《礼记》

17.孝有三：大尊尊亲，其次弗辱，其下能养。——(先秦)《礼记》

18.大孝终身慕父母，唯孝顺父母可以解忧。——(先秦)孟子

19.老吾老，以及人之老;幼吾幼，以及人之幼。天下可运于掌。 ——(先秦)孟子

20.不得乎亲，不可以为人;不顺乎亲，不可以为子。——(先秦)《孟子·离娄上》

21.人之相识，贵在相知，人之相知，贵在知心。——(先秦)《孟子·万章下》

22.父母之年，不可不知也。一则以喜，一则以惧。——(先秦)《论语》

23.孟武伯问孝，子曰：“父母惟其疾之忧。” ——(先秦)《论语·为政》

24.弟子入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛爱众，而亲仁。行有余力，则以学文。——(先秦)《论语·学而》

25.孝子之事亲也，居则致其敬，养则致其乐，病则致其忧，丧则致其哀，祭则致其严。——(先秦)孔子

26.君子之交淡若水，小人之交甘若醴。君子淡以亲，小人甘以绝。——(先秦) 《庄子·外篇·山木》

27.做为一个人，对父母要尊敬，对子女要慈爱，对穷亲戚要慷慨，对一切人要有礼貌。——(英)罗素

28.君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也;仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也;得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。 ——(先秦)孟子

29.孟子曰：“世俗所谓不孝者五：隋其四支，不顾父母之养，一不孝也;博奕好欲酒，不顾父母之养，二不孝也;好货财，私妻子，不顾父母之养，三不孝也;从耳目之欲，以为父母戮，四不孝也;好勇斗狠，以危父母，五不孝也。” ——(先秦)《孟子·离娄下》

30.事，孰为大?事亲为大;守，孰为大?守身为大。不失其身而能事其亲者，吾闻之矣;失其身而能事其亲者，吾未闻也。孰不为事?事亲，事之本也;孰不为守?守身，守之本也。——(先秦)《孟子·离娄上》

关于孝顺父母的名人名言[2]

1.内睦者，家道昌。——林逋

2.慈孝之心，人皆有之。——苏辙

3.凡为父母的，莫不爱其子。——陈宏谋

4.孝子之至，莫大乎尊亲。——孟子

5.惟孝顺父母，可以解忧。——孟子

6.无父无君，是禽兽也。——孟子

7.父母者，人之本也。——司马迁

8.事亲以敬，美过三牲。——挚虞

9.父子不信，则家道不睦。——武则天

10.谁言寸草心，报得三春晖。——孟郊

11.重资财，薄父母，不成人子。——朱柏庐

12.母亲是没有什么东西可以代替的。——巴金

13.亲善产生幸福，文明带来和谐。——(法)雨果

14.我们体贴老人，要像对待孩子一样。——(德)歌德

15.事其亲者，不择地而安之，孝之至也。——庄子

16.仁之实，事亲是也;义之实，从兄是也。——孟子

17.孝子不谀其亲，忠臣不谄其君，臣子之盛也。——庄子

18.不得乎亲，不可以为人;不顺乎亲，不可以为子。——孟子

19.侍于亲长，声容易肃，勿因琐事，大声呼叱。——周秉清

20.年老受尊敬是出现在人类社会里的第一种特权。——(法)拉法格

21.开始吧，孩子，开始用微笑去认识你的母亲吧!——(古罗马)维吉尔

22.老年人犹如历史和戏剧，可供我们生活的参考。——(古罗马)西塞罗

23.长者问，对勿欺;长者令，行勿迟;长者赐，不敢辞。——周秉清

24.失去了慈母便像花插在瓶子里，虽然还有色有香，却失去了根。——老舍

25.在子女面前，父母要善于隐藏他们的一切快乐、烦恼和恐惧。——(英)培根

26.在父母的眼中，孩子常是自我的一部分，子女是他理想自我再来一次的机会。——费孝通

27.老吾老，以及人之老;幼吾幼，以及人之幼。天下可运于掌。——孟子

28.父子有亲，君臣有义，夫妇有别，长幼有叙，朋友有信。——孟子

29.贤不肖不可以不相分，若命之不可易，若美恶之不可移。——《吕氏春秋》

30.礼者，断长续短，损有余，益不足，达爱敬之文，而滋成行义之美也。——荀子

31.天地之性，人为贵;人之行，莫大于孝，孝莫大于严父。——《孝经·圣至章》

32.长者立，幼勿坐，长者坐，命乃坐。尊长前，声要低，低不闻，却非宜。进必趋，退必迟，问起对，视勿移。——李毓秀

33.一个人如果使自己的母亲伤心，无论他的地位多么显赫，无论他多么有名，他都是一个卑劣的人。——(意大利)亚米契斯

34.事，孰为大?事亲为大;守，孰为大?守身为大。不失其身而能事其亲者，吾闻之矣;失其身而能事其亲者，吾未闻也。孰不为事?事亲，事之本也;孰不为守?守身，守之本也。——孟子

35.君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也;仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也;得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。——孟子

36.世俗所谓不孝者五，惰其四支，不顾父母之养，一不孝也;博奕好饮酒，不顾父母之养，二不孝也;好货财，私妻子，不顾父母之养，三不孝也;从耳目之欲，以为父母戮，四不孝也;好勇斗狠，以危父母，五不孝也。——孟子

英语写作和汉语写作一样，要写出好文章除了要有好的内容外还少不了好的结构，而句子的好坏又取决于选词造句。小编收集了关于英语作文的写作技巧，欢迎阅读。

一、措辞

1、选择生动准确的词

词是语言的基本单位，人们要表达思想，就要选择适当的词语，这是写作的基本要求。

词可分为一般概念的词(general words)和具体概念的词(specific words)。表示一般概念的词含义模糊;表示具体概念的词含义明确，表达准确，生动形象。写作时合理地使用具体概念的词能够使句子表达的意思准确，内容生动，更富有感染力。试比较下面各组句子：

(l) A few houses were destroyed yesterday (general)

Five houses burnt down yesterday (specific)

(2)His relatives gave him two gifts(general)

His aunt and uncle gave hima watch and a Pen as the birthday gifts。(specific)

(3) Jack went to the window and looked at the crowd outside(general)

Jack tiptoed to the window and peeped into the room(specific)

上面各组句中，第一个句子抽象概括，给人以空泛的感觉：第二个句子用词具体，有个件，使人感到意思确切，生动逼真。

2、使用英语成语和习语

人们在长期使用语言的过程中，积累了大量的习惯表达法。这些成语、习语内涵丰富，语言生动活泼。文章中适当地使用这类短语，可避免语言的单调贫乏，使句子生动而富于内涵。如：

(l)George has lost his social position since his business failed.

可改为：George has come down in the world since his business failed

(2).Maybe you have time to go to the cinema,but I have more importavt businessto attend to.

可改为：Maybe you have time to go to the cinema,but I have other fish to fry.

3、用词的宽度

用词的宽度可以反映出写作者所掌握的词汇量。如果一个人掌握的词汇量大，那么当表达同一概念有不同的表达方法时，则可以换一种说法。如：

The teachers maintained that the students should give up love for the sake ofleaming Students,however,hold that fordidding love among college students is nogood.

这两句话里，谓语分别用了maintain和hold。如果将它们换为think，所表达的意思相同，但用词宽度则不如原文。这两句话中for the sake of，give uP,is no good等都是用词宽度的表现。

所以在英语写作中有意识地适当增加用词宽度既能体现学以致用的原则又能使文章取得良好效果。

二、句子的多样化

英语中，同一思想用不同句式表达，其效果会大不相同。要想写出好的文章，就要不断地变化句子的结构形式。

l、长短句交替使用

句子的长短是为表达思想服务的。英语短句结构简单，意思明白具有生动活泼而又干脆利索的表达效果，而长句结构复杂，信息丰富，能表达成熟的思想与复杂的概念。一味地使用长句或短句会使文章显得单调，乏味，从而影响文章的总体效果。科学地交替使用长短句使句子结构变化多样，不仅给文章带来顿挫起伏的语言美感，而且可以受到理想的修辞效果。请看下面的这段话：

She returned to her office.There was a note under the door. It was from Mr May.He said he was waiting for her in the coffee room.And he bad not found her sister.Hewas sorry to have missed her.

这段话用了一连串的短句，读起来单调呆板，平淡无味。为使文字更加生动，意思更加明确可改为：

When she returned to her office，the found a note from Mr May under the door.He said he was waiting for her in the coffee room and hadnt found her sister yet.Headded that he was sorry to have missed her.

修改后三个句子长短不一，读起来就给人以不同的感觉。

又如《大学英语》第一册第十课 Going Home，当汽车驶至 Brunsnick，车上的年轻人看见黄手帕时，出现了以下这两行文字：

Then，suddenly，all of the young people were up out of thelr seats，screamlng andshouting and cryin, doing small dances of joy.All except Vlngo.这两句话一长(23个词)一短(3个词)，彼此衬托互为凸现。第一句的两个and和四个-ing词，把热闹、喧哗的气氛喧染极至，长句之后，蜂回路转，一个仅三个词的短句扑入读者的双目几乎沸腾的场面顿时凝固但其余音未绝，此时外表虽冷漠，内心却炙热难当。

2、句子开头的多样化

“主-谓-宾”、“主-系-表”是英语的基本句型，主语领先句也是用得最多的句型。写作中为避免形式单一，当句子可以用主语开头，同时又可以其它结构开头时，不妨变换一下。如：

(1)Defeated in the minor exchanges,I now play my queen of trumps.(分词短语做状语开头)

(2)There are two ways in which one can own a book.( there be句型开头)

(3)Equally important is a good habit of reading(表语开头)

以上各句都可以用主语开句，但在篇章中通过改变句子开头，文章就会疏落有致，语言形式丰富多采。

3、句子结构的多样化

写作中可以通过句型结构的变化来增添文采，强化表现力。如：

(l) The love of the liberty is the love of the others;the love of power ls thelove of ourselves.

(平行结构.这类结构整齐、紧凑;句子生动、鲜明，语义贯通、语势强劲有力。)

(2)The days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation are gone.(这样表达文字通顺，但语意不很突出。)

改为：Gone are the days when we suffered fron oppression andexploitation.

(采用倒装句结构后，充分体现出受剥削受压迫的人民解放后扬眉吐气的心情。)

三、观点切题结构合理

这是写作中最重要的要求之一它要求写作开门见山直入主题。如写一篇谈“健康重要性”的文章，提示是1、健康的重要性;2、保持健康的方法;3、我的看法。按要求文章应按三个自然段来写，而每段开头都必须是提示的内容，因此，三段可以这么开头：

l.Good health is important to everyone of us.

2.There are many ways which can help build up our health.

3.As for me，I like running as well as playing basketball and football.

除了开门见山以外，论述的内容必须与提示保持一致，否则文章的语言再好，也只能算是失败之作。一般来说，这类文章的每个自然段都由三部分组成，即主题句，论述句和结论句。主题句由提示给出，论述句提供观点来论证主题句，结论句则是总结、归纳、概括主提句的观点。

总之，要写出一篇好的英语作文不是一朝一夕就能做到的。除了借助以上方法之外，还需从平时入手，勤写多练，以提高自己的写作水平和语言表达能力。

在作文教学中，我发现解决作文“写什么”比“怎么写”更为重要。“巧妇难为无米之炊”，的确，写作文发愁的便是没有材料。这个“没有材料”还分几种情况：“一无所有”，没有与主题相应的材料;“山穷水尽”，选材单一，不足以突出主题;“人云亦云”，材料陈旧，无法引人注目。无论你处于哪种情形，你都得赶快做一样工作：积累材料，扩充知识储备。我在作文教学实践中，有以下体会：

一、 要善于观察事物，收集写作素材

生活是异彩纷呈的，只要善于观察，随时随处都有写作的素材。所以语文教师应当引导学生注意观察大自然、观察社会、观察人生，培养学生观察的敏感度，同时要让学生明白，观察不能只是停留在形式上，它是一种融进作者自我内心体验的对生活的真切感受，要用心去观察。

1、观察要抓住特点，按顺序进行

世上没有两个一模一样的人，世上也没有完全相同的两片叶子，也就是说事物与事物之间总是存在着区别，而决定着他们之间的区别的是事物的特征。观察时一定要抓住事物的特征，如要注意不同季节的特征，一年有春、夏、秋、冬四季，季节的变化会引起景物的变化，每个季节的景物都有特征，要准确写出其特征。观察事物先要确立好观察点，根据表达的需要运用定点观察和移步换景观察的方法，或仰视，或俯视，或远眺，或近观，同时要注意观察的顺序，学会按从上到下、从近到远、从外到内、从主要到次要、从部分到整体、从人物到景物等不同的观察顺序。只有观察有序，写作时才能言之有序。

2、观察要细致，从小处着眼

观察时不能只着眼于大概轮廓而忽略了细小的地方，要引导学生仔细观察，从小处着眼，善于发现生活中的小题材。大喜大悲的事情、不同凡响的人物，固然值得一写，但学生经历更多的是平凡而普通的生活，因此，教师要引导学生用心去观察，用心去体验日常生活中的平常小事。“生活中不是没有美，而是缺少发现美的眼睛”，一处小景、一件小事、一点变化、一个秘密，只要触动了情思的，就是作文的好材料，小喜小悲也可以写。为锻炼此能力，积累写作素材，我要求学生每人准备观察记录本，让他们把一天中真实的、新鲜的感受分成人物、事件、景物、场面四类简单地记录下来。这样，学生从“小”察起，日积月累，就有取之不尽、用之不竭的写作素材。

3、观察要精于思考，用心体验

人人都在观察，但并非人人都会观察。如果观察时仅仅带上“五官”，不带上自己的“心”，所获得的东西是远远不够的。大家一起外出观察，你回来有写的，我回来却感到一无所获。问题就在于，在用五官观察时有没有去开动脑筋，边观察边思考和光观察不思考，收获当然不同。观察离不开思考，要注意把观察和思考结合起来，做到边观察边思考，使学生对所观察的事物产生新鲜的感受和独到的见解。比如，让学生写《家乡变了》，学生们用独特的视觉去观察，分别从住房变大、道路变宽、小区变美、休闲娱乐方式变多等角度反映了家乡新貌。有的学生还另辟新径，在略写家乡变化的同时，提出要注意环境保护这个问题。又如，观察中发现对同一件事，不同的人有不同的反映，就应该想一想，为什么不同?看见一处景物很美，也要想一想，它怎么美，美在何处?我该用怎样的语言来形容它才好?

二、要关注生活体验，积累鲜活素材

叶圣陶说过：“生活就如泉源，文章犹如溪水，泉源丰盈而不枯竭，溪水自然活泼地流个不歇。” 生活是个万花筒，是写作永不枯竭的源泉。校内生活使学生充实，校外生活开阔学生的视野，丰富学生的知识，都可以为写作积累丰富的素材。为此，教师应引导学生关注生活体验，让生活的源头活水滋润作文田园。

1、关注学校生活

学校是学生生活和学习的主要场所。在学校这块纯洁的净土上，教师用辛勤的汗水播种着希望，学生用聪明的才智收获知识的硕果。学校生活为学生提供了丰富的素材，是学生创作的源泉。反映学校生活的题材是相当广泛的，在写作时，我们要选择那些新颖的、有时代特色、有典型意义的材料来写。教师应该有目的地组织学生开展一些有益的集体活动，丰富学生的写作素材，如故事会、辩论会、主题班会、演讲比赛、文艺晚会、课外兴趣小组活动等，让学生亲身体验丰富多彩的学校生活，使学生感受到集体的温暖。这样，在写作中就有话可说，有话可写，从而也激发了学生写作的积极性。随着新课程的深入发展，学校生活更加丰富多彩。如我校每学期都要举行演讲比赛，每月开展作文验收，每天都要开展课前5 分钟活动，而且不定期地进行古诗赛、朗读赛、成语赛等，让所有的学生体验这种生活，同时获得了丰富的写作素材。

2、关注家庭生活

家庭是学生学习生活的重要天地，有关家庭生活的题材也有不少，如可以写至爱亲情、家庭教育、文化生活、经济变化、喜事乐趣或矛盾苦恼等。作文即做人，教师要善于因势利导，时时处处渗透品德教育，在生活中育人，从生活中积累素材。如让学生做一些力所能及的家务活，从小养成爱劳动的好习惯，让他们在学会劳动本领的过程中获取写作素材，于是一篇篇充满童稚的、反映学生真实生活的文章就写成了，如《我会洗衣服了》、《第一次炒菜》、《今天我当家》等。教师要培养学生的情感体验，让学生学会感恩，尊敬孝顺父母。如有一次我给学生布置了一道“家庭作业”：回家后给父母或其他长辈洗一次脚，并提醒学生下节课要开展课堂作文竞赛。师命难违，绝大多数学生硬着头皮给长辈洗了一次脚，这对他们来说还真是破天荒的第一次。第二天写作前先让学生说说“洗脚”的感受，惟有用“心”去看、去体验，说出自己“洗脚”时的内心情感波动，文章才能写得真切感人。

3、关注社会生活

中学生生活圈子小，学生每天从家里到学校，“两点一线”式的生活难免使视野受到限制，因此，教师要积极引导学生关注社会生活，鼓励学生奔向“十字街头”，积极为学生提供更多实践的机会，让学生亲自参与实践的全过程。例如，节假日不妨走出户外，看球赛，搞调查，观花鸟;也可以三五结伴，游名山大川，观乡土人情，品题咏镌刻;听民谣、谚语、笑话，听商贩巧舌如簧地推销商品，听导游娓娓动听地讲解名胜;议时政，析美丑，尝试即兴采访;积极参加社会公益劳动，争做环保小卫士……作文与一个人的社会生活阅历和文化底蕴密切相关，如此多看、勤听、常说，并且“家事国事天下事，事事关心”，何愁写起作文来不左右逢源、言如波涛?教师也应该有目的地组织学生开展一些有益的集体活动，如外出参观、游览、访问等社会实践活动;引导学生通过电视、报纸等媒体了解新闻、时事，把对社会生活的思考和认识纳入写作范围。社会生活为写作注入了活力，充满浓郁的生活气息和时代特色，应该多加关注。

三、要加强课外阅读，拓展写作素材。

由于中学生这一群体具有其特殊性，他们的学习甚至生活的主要阵地都在学校，他们不可能像作家一样长期投身到生活的海洋中去，他们还不可能与社会生活有密切的接触，还不可能去做社会生活的主人，所以，要想提高学生的写作水平，就必须在课外阅读上多下功夫。通过广泛阅读，学生可以累积大量的、丰富的写作素材。

1、读书看报，积累素材

阅读是输入，写作是输出，不输入，何来输出?阅读是积累及写作的基础，积累的东西越多，写起来就越得心应手。因此，教师要有选择地指导学生进行课外阅读，培养学生读书看报的好习惯，以开阔视野，为写作积累素材。学生要多看，看古今中外名著名篇，看同龄人的佳作，看《中国青年报》、《少年文艺》、《语文报》等报刊。经常读书看报能弥补知识面狭窄的缺陷，使学生的写作范围突破狭窄的生活圈子，变得更为广阔。古人创造的优秀文化遗产、典故、趣闻轶事，可以从书报上汲取;党的路线、方针、政策可以从书报中领会;先进的感人事迹、蛀虫的劣迹可以从书报中获知……要想写出好文章，必须多读好文章，这是所有成功者的经验。古人“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”说的也是这个道理。

2、写读书笔记，强化记诵

常言道;“好记性不如烂笔头。”阅读不作笔记，如过眼烟云，无踪无迹。读书笔记的内容不拘一格，可以是精彩语句的摘抄，可以是内容要点的概括，也可以是自己的心得体会。学生要准备一个笔记本，将看到的好文章、好素材随时记录下来，分门别类进行储存。如果是属于自己的书报，可把全文剪下来，贴在专门的剪辑本上。同时，教师要指导学生圈、点、勾、画，学会做批注，长期坚持，不仅能促进阅读能力的提高，也必然能在潜移默化中丰富写作素材的积累。对一些精彩句段、名言妙语，在充分理解的基础上，反复吟咏体味，最终背诵下来。背诵多了，自然词汇丰富了，写作时自会左右逢源。俗话说“巧妇难为无米之炊”，这文章之“炊”，就是由字、词、句之米组成的。所以学生在阅读中要多做有心人，强化记诵，使自己的语言“丰富”起来。

四、培养发散思维，选材上勇于创新

“文章切忌随人后”、“文章何必哭秋风”，作文教学要创新，教师要努力培养学生的发散思维。选材上的创新体现在所选取的材料新颖、独特、不落俗套等方面。目前，在作文选材的问题上，有的教师并没有注意到创新的问题，学生的创造力没有得到施展，作文“选材单一”或“人云亦云”，材料陈旧，雷同率高。比如写歌颂老师，学生总爱写老师带病工作、深夜备课、冒雨补课之类的内容;写母爱，往往是孩子生病，背着孩子上医院，或冒雨送伞等，让人一看上文，就能猜出下文如何如何。要克服这个毛病，教师要努力培养学生的发散思维，引导学生广开思路，从不同的角度看问题。

培养发散思维，一要做到多方启发，全面诱导，引发思路的多维性。例如写《春》，可以写“春风又绿江南岸”视觉中的春;写“红杏枝头春意闹”听觉中的春;写“踏花归来马蹄香”嗅觉中的春;写“暖风熏得游人醉”味觉中的春;写“吹面不寒杨柳风”触觉中的春。这样写来，便多层次、多方面地展示了生活，发掘出了生活中丰富的美，给人以全新的印象。二要做到摆脱思维定势，从不同的角度求新求异。比如写《雪》，可以赞美雪的洁白无瑕、一尘不染，赞美雪温暖大地、滋润万物的奉献精神;也可以鞭挞雪的虚伪、懦弱——以洁白的外衣掩饰世间，鞭挞雪的冷酷无情，所到之处雪压冰封、千山枯寂、万木萧条。这样，就可以冲破习惯思维的影响，广开思路，写出新意。

“问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来”。教学的实践告诉我们：作为一名语文教师，除了要教给学生谋篇布局的技巧外，更要有意识地引导学生积累写作素材，帮助学生摆脱“无米之炊”的苦恼，逐步提高写作水平。

下面是语文迷网小编为大家整理的中考英语作文万能句型，欢迎大家阅读参考。

一、开头句型选择

1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____ 。Some people suggest that____。

2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______。 Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.

3.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today， ____， which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First， ____ Second，____。 What makes things worse is that______。

4.现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。

Nowadays，it is common to ______。 Many people like ______because ______。 Besides，______。

5.任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.

6.关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______。To them，_____。

7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______which is becoming more and more serious.

8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢?

According to thefigure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______while. Obviously，______，but why?

11、Recently， the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.

最近，…问题已引起人们的关注。

12、Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处，但也产生了一些严重的问题。

13、Nowadays，(overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.

如今，(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。

14、With the development of science and technology， more and more people believe that…

随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为…

二、结尾句型

1、Taking all these factors into consideration， we naturally come to the conclusion that…

把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论…

2、Taking into account all these factors， we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…

考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论…

3、Hence/Therefore， we’d better come to the conclusion that…

因此，我们最好得出这样的结论…

4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.

毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。

5、All in all， we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.

总之，我们没有…是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。

6、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend)。

该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。

7、It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …

该是采纳…的建议，并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。

8、不用说…… It goes without saying that = It is obvious that …

例：不用说早睡早起是值得的。It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.

9、……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that … ……

是重要的 It is important(for sb.) to do / that … ……

是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that … ……

是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …

例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.

It is proper that we (should)keep the public places clean. 我们应当保持公共场所清洁。

1、心灵是一方广袤的天空，它包容着世间的一切；心灵是一片宁静的湖水，偶尔也会泛起阵阵涟漪；心灵是一块皑皑的雪原，它辉映出一个缤纷的世界。

2、在世上所有的手法里面，奉承是最巧妙、最狡猾的一种。

3、爱如灯盏，照耀着在情感黑夜中摸索前行的人；爱如甘泉，滋润着在情感沙漠中艰难行走的人；爱如阳光，温暖着在情感雪地中哆嗦爬行的人；爱如春风，抚摩着在情感泥淖中受伤挣扎的人。

4、海潮，放远了谛听才觉得深邃；山峰，放远了望才觉得秀美；忠告，放远了品味才觉得亲切；友情，放远了回忆才觉得珍贵。所以，哲人说“距离产生美。”

5、生命的意义不在美丽的言辞中，不在空洞的追求里，而在于实实在在的谋求自己的生存，同时也帮助别人生存中。

6、人能走多远？这话不要问双脚，而是要问志向；人能攀登多高？这话不要问身躯，而是要问意志；人能创造多少？这话不要问双手，而是要问智慧；人能看多远？这话不要问眼睛，而是要问胸襟。

7、人的一生，如同四季，春种，夏耘，秋收，冬藏。

8、倘若希望在金色的秋天收获果实，那么在寒意侵人的早春，就该卷起裤腿，去不懈地拓荒、播种、耕耘，直到收获的那一天。

9、柔和的阳光斜挂在苍松翠柏不凋的枝叶上，显得那么安静肃穆，绿色的草坪和白色的水泥道貌岸然上，脚步是那么轻起轻落，大家的心中却是那么的激动与思绪波涌。

10、一人有任何正当理由信任自己的人，永远不在别人面前炫耀，以使别人信任他。

11、没有蓝天的深邃，可以有白云的飘逸；没有大海的壮阔，可以有小溪的优雅；没有原野的芬芳，可以有小草的翠绿！生活中没有旁观者的席位，我们总能找到自己的位置，自己的光源，自己的声音。我们有美的胸襟，我们才活得坦然；我们活得坦然，生活才给我们快乐的体验。

12、黄土高原，是我挺起的胸膛；黄河流水，是我沸腾的血液；黄帝陵丘，是我远古的怀想；黄海大潮，是我激荡的心声；黄山劲松，是我不屈的脊梁；黄埔大桥，是我展开的臂膀；大兴安岭，是我坚硬的肋骨；洞庭鄱阳，是我明亮的眼睛；喜马拉雅，是我高昂的头颅；巍巍长城，是我不屈的脊梁。

13、盛年不重来，一日难再晨。

14、生活是蜿蜒在山中的小径，坎坷不平，沟崖在侧。摔倒了，要哭就哭吧，怕什么，不心装模作样！这是直率，不是软弱，因为哭一场并不影响赶路，反而能增添一份小心。山花烂漫，景色宜人，如果陶醉了，想笑就笑吧，不心故作矜持！这是直率，不是骄傲，因为笑一次并不影响赶路，反而能增添一份信心。

15、人性的堕落，常常从无视公理开始，社会的尊严，常常因权力滥用萎缩。

16、爱心是冬日的一片阳光，()使用饥寒交迫的人感受到人间的温暖；爱心是沙漠中的一泓清泉，使用权濒临绝境的人重新看到生活的希望；爱心是洒在久旱大地上的一场甘霖，使孤苦无依的人即刻获得心灵的慰藉。

17、一分钟的静默是一场令人晕眩的交响乐！这个乐曲包含的内容比生活的本质更为丰富。

18、爱心是一片照射在冬日的阳光，它能让贫病交加的人感受到人间的温暖；爱心是广袤无垠沙漠中的一股请泉，它能使濒临绝境的人获得生存的希望；爱心是一首动人的歌谣，它能使心灰意冷的人获得精神的慰藉；爱心是一场久旱的甘霖，它能使悲观失望的人获得心灵的滋润。

19、幸福的家庭家家都相似，不幸的家庭却各有各的不幸。

20、别在树下徘徊，别在雨中沉思，别在黑暗中落泪。向前看，不要回头，只要你勇于面对抬起头来，就会发现，分数的阴霾不过是短暂的雨季。向前看，还有一片明亮的天，不会使人感到彷徨。

21、最柔软脆弱的是人性，最厚重刚烈的也是人性。

22、希望源于失望，奋起始于忧患，正如一位诗人所说：有饥饿感受的人一定消化好，有紧迫感受的人一定效率高，有危机感受的人一定进步快。

23、当你身临暖风拂面，鸟语花香，青山绿水，良田万顷的春景时，一定会陶醉其中；当你面对如金似银，硕果累累的金秋季节时，一定会欣喜不已。你可曾想过，那盎然的春色却是历经严寒洗礼后的英姿，那金秋的美景却是接受酷暑熔炼后的结晶。

24、挫折就像一块巨石。懦弱的人，面对他，止步不前；坚强的人，依靠它，站得更高。诚信就像一面神镜。奸佞的人，面对它，原形毕露；善良的人，依靠它，识别真伪。

25、我爱你就是因为你无所不知，但是却沉默不语。

26、人生不售来回票，一旦动身，绝不能复返。

27、生命如同一幅画，可以没有色彩铺张的轰轰烈烈，但不能缺少美的意境。

28、你有你波涛汹涌的豪迈，我有我细流涓涓的从容；你习惯在高山间一泻千里，我喜欢在小村边缓缓流过。你是大江，我是小河。你有你条条框框的教养，我有我无拘无束的洒脱；你习惯在餐桌前慢条斯理，我喜欢在篝火旁狼吞虎咽。

29、人生的道路虽然漫长，但紧要处常常只有几步，特别是当人年轻的时候。没有一个人的生活道路是笔直的、没有岔道的。有些岔道口，譬如政治上的岔道口，事业上的岔道口，个人生活上的岔道口，你走错一步，可以影响你人生的一个时期，甚至影响你的一生！

30、永远相信，人世间不只是心灵的沙漠，感情的冰窑，各种至善至真的情怀，筑起了一道道最美的风景。

31、玩笑也得看时间和地点；应该严肃的时候，我会严肃得像只驴子。不过人有时候会露马脚，驴子也忍不住喊叫。

32、对手是要战胜的对象，要想尽办法击垮它；对手是竞争的伙伴，要在竞争同发展；对手是要攀登的高山，山越高，征服它就越能体现自身的价值；对手是论坛上的辩友，失去了一方，另一方也会失去意义。

33、生命，只要你充分利用，它便是长久的。

34、日子总是像从指尖渡过的细纱，在不经意间悄然滑落。那些往日的忧愁和误用伤，在似水流年的荡涤下随波轻轻地逝去，而留下的欢乐和笑靥就在记忆深处历久弥新。

35、人生的价值，并不是用时间，而是用深度去衡量的。

36、在我们了解什么是生命之前，我们已将它消磨了一半。

37、使一个人的有限的生命，更加有效，也即等于延长了人的生命。

38、生活的海洋并不像碧波涟漪的西子湖，随着时间的流动，它时而平静如镜，时而浪花飞溅，时而巨浪冲天……人们在经受大风大浪的考验之后，往往会变得更加坚强。

39、能够讨每个人喜欢的人是不能令人真正喜欢的。

40、一个人总是要把自己的爱寄托在什么人身上，虽然有时他的爱会使人苦恼，会玷污人，也还有人可能会用自己的爱使亲人烦得要命，因为当他爱的时候，没有尊重被爱的人。

41、在大胆方面，要学习鸟雀；在多嘴方面，要学习鱼儿。

导语：有时候一篇文章，一个故事就能让人的一生改变，希望有关于抽打樱桃花的这篇文章能对您有所帮助!以下是yuwenmi小编为大家精心整理的哲理故事，欢迎大家阅读参考!

抽打樱桃花

年少时家中的院子里种了两棵樱桃树。每年春天，樱桃树上总会挂满红得晶莹透亮的樱桃。摘一颗放到嘴里，唇齿留香。

有一年的春天，樱桃树开满了花，开得比以往哪一年都要多。蜂蝶在樱桃花间飞舞，馋嘴的我似乎已经闻到了樱桃那种特有的香甜味，就连在睡梦中，都是满树的樱桃在冲我微笑。

一天早晨，我还躺在床上，就听到院子里传来“噼里啪啦”的树枝摇晃的声响。我赶快爬起来，冲到院子里。竟看到母亲正拿着一根竹竿在樱桃花间抽打，其中的一棵好像已经抽打完了，樱桃花像下雨一样落了一地。她正准备抽打另一棵樱桃树呢!

我赶忙跑过去，一把抱住了母亲。任凭母亲如何解释，我都紧紧抱住她的双臂不放手。母亲无奈之下只能住手，她说了一句意味深长的话：“也好，到了樱桃成熟的时候，你就知道我抽打樱桃花的用意了。

转眼间，两棵樱桃树都结满了青青的樱桃。尤其是我从母亲手中保护下来的那一棵，樱桃结得密密麻麻，数也数不清。我炫耀似的指给母亲看，她笑了笑，摇了摇头。

到了樱桃成熟的季节，那棵经母亲抽打的樱桃树硕果累累，一颗颗樱桃仿佛一盏盏挂在树上的小灯笼。而那棵未经抽打的樱桃树上的果实，仍然是一片青绿。我坚持不吃已经成熟了的樱桃，静候着那片青绿变成点点唇红。

但结果令我失望，已经成熟的樱桃被吃光了，我保护的那棵樱桃树仍是满树青黄，并且树上的樱桃开始干瘪、变黑、脱落，渐渐的树干上的绿色也退去，变得干枯，毫无生机。母亲告诉一脸失望的我：“这棵樱桃树由于在春天花开得太多，又未经抽打，所以结的樱桃也太多。由于水分、营养供应不上，它累死了。

母亲用牺牲一棵樱桃树的代价告诉了我一个道理：青涩的青春只有经过抽打的磨砺，才能够逐步走向睿智与成熟。

下面是由语文迷网整理的三类英语作文开头句型，希望对你有帮助。

一、常规开头句型

1.As far as …is concerned 就……而言

2.It goes without saying that… 不言而喻，…

3.It can be said with certainty that… 可以肯定地说……

4.As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的，

5.It has to be noticed that… 它必须注意到，…

6.Its generally recognized that… 它普遍认为…

7.Its likely that … 这可能是因为…

8.Its hardly that… 这是很难的……

9.Its hardly too much to say that… 它几乎没有太多的说…

10.What calls for special attention is that…需要特别注意的是

11.Theres no denying the fact that…毫无疑问，无可否认

12.Nothing is more important than the fact that… 没有什么比这更重要的是…

13.whats far more important is that… 更重要的是…

二、四级引出开头

1：It is well-known to us that……(我们都知道……)==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …( 就我所知…)

2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……(最近……问题引起了关注)

3：Nowadays(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.(现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题)

4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.(互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题)

5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……(随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……)

6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……(人们一般认为……)

7：A lot of people seem to think that……(很多人似乎认为……)

8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道...)

三、高考英语引出开头

Recently, the problem of … has aroused peoples concern. 最近,……问题已引起人们的关注.

The Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.

Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.

如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.

It is commonly believed that … / It is a common belief that … 人们一般认为……

Many people insist that … 很多人坚持认为……

With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…

随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为……

A lot of people seem to think that … 很多人似乎认为……

导语：时间就是生命。时间对每个人都是公平的。世界上最重要的东西是时间。能够把握的只有今天。下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的有关“时间”的中考素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

一、论点

最严重的浪费就是时间的浪费。任何节约归根到底是时间的节约。浪费时间的人会被时间抛弃。提高效率就是节约时间。时间走了就不会再回来。珍惜时间才会有所成就。

二、名言

世界上最重要的东西是时间。——爱迪生

明日复明日，明日何其多，我生待明日，岁月成蹉跎。——文嘉

今天所做之事勿候明天，自己所做之事勿候他人。——歌德

昨日只是今日的回忆，而明日只是今天的梦想。——纪伯伦

愿你们每天都过着愉快的生活，不要等日子过去了才找出它们的可爱之处，也不要把所有特别含义的话放到未来。——居里夫人

盛年不重来，一日难再晨;及时当勉励，岁月不待人。——陶渊明

莫等闲，白了少年头，空悲切。——岳飞

时间就是生命，无端的空耗别人的时间，其实无异于谋财害命的。——鲁迅

时间，就像海绵里的水，只要愿挤，总还是有的。——鲁迅

时间是伟大的作者，她能写出未来的结局。——卓别林

时间最不偏私，给任何人都是二十四小时;时间也最偏私，给任何人都不是二十四小时。——赫胥黎

谁虚度年华，青春就会褪色，生命就会抛弃他们。——雨果

少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻。——朱熹

时间的步伐有三种：未来姗姗来迟，现在像箭一样飞逝，过去永远静立不动。——席勒

一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。—— 中国谚语

丢失的东西有找处，丢落的光阴无寻处。——佚名

时间老人是公平的，它给予每一个人一份同样的时间，时间老人又是偏爱的，它给予勤奋者的劳动果实百倍于懒惰者。——佚名

在时间的海洋里，懒惰者漂泊不定;勤奋者却日计行程，始终如一。——佚名

三、经典素材

1、珍惜时间的鲁迅

我国伟大的思想家和文学家鲁迅，非常珍惜时间。他有一句至理名言：时间就是生命，无端的空耗别人的时间，其实无异于谋财害命。

鲁迅确实惜时如命，他把别人喝咖啡、谈天的时间都用在工作和学习上。鲁迅还以各种形式来鞭策自己珍惜时间，刻苦学习和工作。在北京时，他的卧室兼书房里挂着一副对联，集录我国古代伟大诗人屈原的两句诗，上联是“望崦嵫而勿迫”(看见太阳落山了还不心里焦急)，下联为“恐鹈鸥之先鸣”(怕的是一年又去，报春的杜鹃又早早啼叫)。书房墙上还挂着一张鲁迅最崇敬的日本老师藤野先生的照片。鲁迅在《朝花夕拾》中写道：“每当夜间疲倦，正想偷懒时，仰面在灯光中瞥见他黑瘦的面貌，似乎正要说出抑扬顿挫的话来，便使我忽又良心发现，而且增加勇气了，于是点上一支烟，再继续写些为正人君子’之流所深恶痛疾的文字。”鲁迅用这朝夕相处的对联和照片督促自己抓紧时间。

正是因为有了这种惜时如命的精神，鲁迅在他56岁的生命旅途中，广泛涉及自然、社会科学的许多领域，一生著译一千多万字，留给后人一份宝贵的文化遗产。

2、巴尔扎克勤奋写作

法国作家巴尔扎克十分珍惜时间，把所有的时间都用在了写作上。他的创作时间表是：“从午夜到中午工作，就是说，在圈椅里坐十二个小时，努力修改和创作。然后从中午到四点校对校样，五点钟用餐，五点半才上床休息，而到午夜又起床工作。”他把全部精力用在了工作上，成为名副其实的“工作狂”。巴尔扎克的写作速度很快，每三天他的墨水瓶要重新装满一次，并且得用掉十个笔头。他创作出像《欧也妮?葛朗台》、《高老头》等90多部中长篇小说，成为一位多产作家，在世界上享有盛誉。他之所以著作立身，与他珍惜时间、勤奋写作是分不开的。

Oh! Spring in coming.

Look! All the things are reviving. The world is colorful. The trees and grass are green. Flowers are beautiful. Some are red. Some are yellow. Some are purple. The birds are flying in the blue sky. The bees are singing. They are very busy. They are making honey. The butterflies are dancing in the garden. The children are playing games.

I like spring.

In winter, when I was not aware of, quietly coming. Christmas day, the happy holiday, without slipping away again. Christmas is a fairy tale, inside it there is a beautiful story. And my favorite, it is the more beautiful, more moving "Santa Claus" fairy tale.

Tiny, mom and dad told me: "the night before Christmas, Santa Claus will send Christmas gifts to the children. However, Santa Claus will only send to obedient child, not obedient child, can not receive." Around Christmas, therefore, I will be very obedient, clever, just for get the so-called Christmas gifts. Young, I never know that this is just a mom and dad in order to satisfy my little wish and make up a white lie.

冬天，在我还没有察觉到的时候，悄悄地来临了;圣诞节，这个快乐的节日，不经儿又悄悄地溜走了。圣诞节，是童话，它里面蕴藏着一个个美丽的故事。而我最爱的，是那个更美丽、更动人的“圣诞老人”的童话。

很小很小的时候，爸爸妈妈就告诉我：“在圣诞夜里，圣诞老人会给小朋友们送圣诞礼物。不过，圣诞老人只会送给听话的孩子，不听话的孩子，可收不到哦。”因此，在圣诞节前后，我都会很听话、乖巧，为的只是得到那所谓的圣诞礼物。年幼的我，却不曾知道，这只是爸爸妈妈为了满足我那小小心愿而编出的善意的谎言。

"I like honest men of all colors."我喜欢所有诚实的人。

"I start out by believing the worst."我凡事先做好最坏的打算。

"It requires more courage to suffer than to die."茍活比牺牲需要更多的勇气。 。

"I have made all the calculations; fate will do the rest."我已做了所有的打算，其余就交给上帝了。

"Our hour is marked, and no one can claim a moment of life beyond what fate has predestined."生死有命，没有人能要求多活一秒钟。

"If I had not been born Napoleon, I would have liked to have been born Alexander."如果今天我不是拿破仑的话，我想成为亚历山大。

"The great proof of madness is the disproportion of ones designs to ones means."一个人的计划与实践存在太大的落差即是疯狂的表现。

"The stupid speak of the past, the wise of the present, and fools of the future."聪明的人谈现在，愚蠢的人谈过去，傻子才谈未来。

"We must laugh at man to avoid crying for him. "与其后来替一个人婉惜，不如先嘲笑他算了。

"When you set out to take Vienna, take Vienna."一旦你着手要攻下维也纳，就把她拿下吧﹗

"What I did is immense. What I had decided to do, and what I had projected werestill more so"我所做的是大事业，而我当初的决定与计划亦是如此。

"The word impossible is not in my dictionary."在我的字典里找不到「不可能」这个字。

"I wished to found a European system, a European Code of Laws, a European judiciary; there would be but one people in Europe."我想建立一个整合的欧洲体系，包含了法律，法庭，与人种。

"The French complain of everything, and always."法国人终其一生都在抱怨所有的事。

"He who fears being conquered is sure of defeat."害怕被征服的人，注定要失败。

"Victory belongs to the most persevering."坚持必将成功。

"Adversity is the midwife of genius." 逆境造就天才。

"Circumstances? I make circumstances!" 英雄造时势。

"Men take only their needs into consideration, never their abilities."人们常只想到自己的需要，而没考虑自己的能力。

"Men are moved by only two levers: fear and self interest."恐惧和兴趣能激励人。

My last Spring Festival is exciting. I visited my grandparent and I also got lucky money .In the evening,our family sat around the table to ate dumpling and talked to others.Then we sat together to watched TV.We all had a good time!

March breeze with moist, blows over the hills and fields, spring is coming.

Bid farewell to the cold winter, the birds fly freely in the sky, like to celebrate the arrival of spring.

You see, the sky white clouds forms and change multiterminal, like a magical magician magic from behind the clouds.

River, hits the trees smoke a lamina, greedy sucking the spring sunshine.

Ono flowers blossom, a swarm of bees "buzz" honey from flower to flower. A few butterflies came also, their beautiful wings hovering in the flowers, the flowers become more vibrant.

A stream wound its way into the distance, the glittering under the sun. A few duckling jumped into the water, exult in the water jump, chasing each other.

In large areas of wheat fields, green wheat seeding full sunshine rain and dew of spring, is thriving.

"The season of a year is in the spring, spring is the season of planting, is the season of nature is at its best, I love the beautiful spring.

三月的微风带着湿润的芬芳气息,吹过山峦和田野，春天来了。

告别了寒冷的冬天，鸟儿们在天空上自由自在的飞翔，像是在庆祝春天的到来。

你瞧，天上的白云形态各异，变化多端，像一位神奇的魔术师躲在云后变魔术呢。

河岸边，一棵棵树木抽枝展叶，贪婪吮吸着春天的阳光。

小野花们竞相开放，一大群蜜蜂“嗡嗡嗡”地在花间采蜜。几只蝴蝶也来了，它们那美丽的翅膀在花丛中时隐时现，花丛变得更加生机勃勃了。

一条小河弯弯曲曲伸向远方，河水在阳光的照射下金光闪闪。几只小鸭跳入水中，在水里欢腾跳跃，互相追逐。

在大片的麦田里，绿色的麦苗饱吸着春天的阳光雨露，正在茁壮成长。

“一年之季在于春”，春天是播种的季节，是万物欣欣向荣的季节，我爱美丽的春天。

下面的材料旨在丰富学生在是非问题写作方面的思想和语言，考生在复习时可以先分类阅读这些篇章，然后尝试写相关方面的作文题。

对于素材中用黑体字的部分，特别建议你熟读，背诵，因为它们在语言和观点上都值得吸收。学习语言的人应该明白，表达能力和思想深度都靠日积月累，潜移默化。从某种意义上说，提高英语写作能力无捷径可走，你必须大段背诵英语文章才能逐渐形成语感和用英语进行表达的能力。这一关，没有任何人能代替你过。

因此，建议你下点苦功夫，把背单词的精神拿出来背诵文章。何况，并不是要求你背了之后永远牢记在心：你可以这个星期背，下个星期忘。这没有关系，相信你的大脑具有神奇的能力。背了工具箱里的文章后，你会惊讶的发现：I can think in English now！

1.?????? Proverbs

1. A graduation ceremony is an event where the commencement speaker tells thousands of students dressed in identical caps and gowns that individuality is the key to success.

2. The primary purpose of a liberal education is to make one’s mind a pleasant place in which to spend one’s time.

3. Next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained.

4. The classroom--not the trench--is the frontier of freedom now and forevermore.

5. Education’s purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.

6. It is the purpose of education to help us become autonomous, creative, inquiring people who have the will and intelligence to create our own destiny.

7. You see, real ongoing, lifelong education doesn’t answer questions; it provokes them.

8. People will pay more to be entertained than educated.

9.the most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others. This is the basic architecture of a life; the rest is ornamentation and decoration of the structure.

10. The essence of our efforts to see that every child has a chance must be to assure each as equal opportunity, not to become equal, but to become different-to realize whatever unique potential of body, mind, and spirit he or she possesses.

11. A great teacher never strives to explain his vision-he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself.

12. If you can read and don’, you are an illiterate by choice.

2. Damaging Research

A study by National Parent-Teacher Organization revealed that in the average American school, eighteen negatives are identified for every positive that is pointed out. The Wisconsin study revealed that when children enter the first grade, 80 percent of them feel pretty good themselves, but by the time they get to the sixth grade, only 10 percent of them have good self-images.

3. Education and Citizenship

An important aspect of education in the United States is the relationship between education and citizenship. Throughout its history this nation has emphasized public education as a means of transmitting democratic values, creating equality of opportunity, and preparing new generations of citizens to function in society. In addition, the schools have been expected to help shape society itself. During the 1950s, for example, efforts to combat racial segregation focused on the schools. Later, when the Soviet Union launched the first orbiting satellite, American schools and colleges came under intense pressure and were offered many incentives to improve their science and mathematics programs so that the nations would not fall behind the Soviet Union in scientific and technological capabilities.

Education is often viewed as a tool for solving social problems, especially social inequality. The schools, t is thought, can transform young people from vastly different backgrounds into competent, upwardly mobile adults. Yet these goals seem almost impossible to attain. In recent years, in fact, public education has been at the center of numerous controversies arising from the gap between the ideal and the reality. Part of the problem is that different groups in society have different have different expectations. Some feel that children should be taught basic job-related skills; still others believe education should not only prepare children to compete in society but also help them maintain their cultural identity (and, in the case of Hispanic children, their language). On the other hand, policymakers concerned with education emphasize the need to increase the level of student achievement and to improve parents in their children’s education.

Some reformers and critics have called attention to the need to link formal schooling with programs designed to address social problems. Sociologist Charles Moscos, for example, is a leader in the movement to expand programs like the Peace Corps, Vista, and Outward Bound into a system of voluntary national service. National service, as Moscos defines it, would entail “the full-time undertaking of public duties by young people whether as citizen soldiers or civilian servers-who are paid subsistence wages” and serve for at least one year. In return for this period of service, the volunteers would receive assistance in paying for college or other educational expenses.

Advocates of national service and school-to-work programs believe that education does not have to be confined to formal schooling. In devising strategies to provide opportunities for young people to serve their society, they emphasize the educational value of citizenship experiences gained outside the classroom. At this writing there is little indication that national service will become a new educational institution in the United States, although the concept is steadily gaining support among educators and social critics.

4. The Teacher’s Role

Given the undeniable importance of classroom experience, sociologists have done a considerable amount of research on what goes on in the classroom. Often they start from the premise that, along with the influence of peers, students’ experiences in the classroom are of central importance to their later development. One study examined the impact of a single first-grade teacher on her students’ subsequent adult status. The surprising results of this study have important implications. It is evident that good teachers can make a big difference in children’s lives, a fact that gives increased urgency to the need to improve the quality of primary-school teaching. The reforms carried out by educational leaders like James Comer suggest that when good teaching is combined with high levels of parental involvement the results can be even more dramatic.

Because the role of the teacher is to change the learner in some way, the teacher-student relationship is an important part of education. Sociologists have pointed out that this relationship is asymmetrical or unbalanced, with the teacher being in a position of authority and the student having little choice but to passively absorb the information provided by the teacher. In other words, in conventional classrooms there is little opportunity for the students to become actively involved in the learning process. On the other hand, students often develop strategies for undercutting the teacher’s authority: mentally withdrawing, interrupting, and the like. Hence, much current research assumes that students and teachers influence each other instead of assuming that the influence is always in a single direction.

5. Education Philosophy

For the past fifty years our schools have operated on the theories of John Dewey (1859-1953), an American educator and writer. Dewey believed hat the school’s job was to enhance the natural development of the growing child, rather than to pour information, for which the child had no context, into him or her. In the Dewey system, the child becomes the active agent in his own education, rather than a passive receptacle for facts.

Consequently, American schools are very enthusiastic about teaching “life skills” –logical thinking, analysis, creative problem--solving. The actual content of the lessons is secondary to the process, which is supposed to train the child to be able to handle whatever life may present, including all the unknowns of the future. Students and teachers both regard pure memorization as an uncreative and somewhat vulgar.

In addition to “life skills”, schools are assigned to solve the ever growing stoke of social problems. Racism, teenage pregnancy, alcoholism, drug use, reckless driving, and are just a few of the modern problems that have appeared on the school curriculum.

This all contributes to a high degree of social awareness in American youngsters.

6. Student Life

To the students, the most notable difference between elementary school and the higher levels is that in junior high they start “changing classes”. This means that rather than spending the day in one classroom, they switch classrooms to meet their different teachers. This gives them three or four minutes between classes in the hallways, where a great deal of the important social action of high school traditionally takes place. Students have lockers in these hallways, around which thy congregate.

Society in general does not take the business of studying very seriously. Schoolchildren have a great deal of free time, which they are encouraged to fill with extracurricular activities—sports, clubs, cheerleading, scouts—supposed to inculcate such qualities as leadership, sportsmanship, ability to organize, etc. those who don’t become engaged in such activities or have afterschool jobs have plenty of opportunity to “hang out”, listen to teenager music, and watch television.

Compared to other nations, American students do not have much homework. Studies also show that American parents have lower expectations for their children’s success in school than other nationalities do. (Historically, there has not been much correlation between American school success and success in later life.) “He’s just not a scholar”, the American parents might say, content that their son is on the swim team and doesn’t take drugs. (Some of the young do choose to study hard, for reason of their own, such as determining that the road to riches lies through Harvard Business School.)

What American schools do effectively teach is the competitive method. In innumerable ways children are pitted against each other—whether in classroom discussion, spelling bees, reading groups, or tests. Every classroom is expected to produce a scattering of A’s and F’s (teachers often grade A=excellent; B=good; C=average; D=poor; and F=failed). A teacher who gives all A’s looks too soft—so students are aware that they are competing for the limited number of top marks.

Foreign students sometimes don’t understand that copying from other people’s papers or from books is considered wrong and taken seriously. Here, it is important to show that you have done your own work and are displaying your own knowledge. It is more important than helping your friends to pass, whom we think do not deserve to pass unless they can provide their own answers. Group effort goes against the competitive grain, and American students do not study together as many Asians do. Many Asians in this country consider their group study habits a large contributor to their school success.

7. Adult Education

After complaining about many aspects of American life, a 40-year-old woman from Hong Kong concluded, “But where else could someone my age go back to school and get a degree in social work? Here you can change your whole life, start a new business, do what you really want to do.”

So at least to this person, school requirements weren’t inhibiting. And to millions of others, adult education is the path to a new career, or if not to a new career, to a new outlook. Schools generally encourage the older person who wants to start anew, and besides regular classes, schedule evening classes in special programs. Today there are so many people of retirement age in college that it is no longer remarkable.

8. Moral Relativism in American

Improving American education requires not doing new things but doing (and remembering) some good old things. At the time of our nation’s founding, Thomas Jefferson listed the requirements for a sound education in the Report of the Commissioners for the University of Virginia. In this landmark statement on American education, Jefferson wrote of the importance of education and writing, and of reading history, and geography. But he also emphasized the need “to instruct the mass of our citizens in these, their rights, interests, and duties, as men and citizens.” Jefferson believed education should aim at the improvement of both one’s “morals” and “faculties”. That has been the dominant view of the aims of American education for over two centuries. But a number of changes, most of them unsound, have diverted schools from these great pursuits. And the story of the loss of the school’s original moral mission explains a great deal.

Starting in the early seventies, “values clarification” programs started turning up in schools all over America. According to this philosophy, the schools were not to take part in their time-honored task of transmitting sound moral values; rather, they were to allow the child to “clarify” his own values (which adults, including parents, had no “rights” to criticize). The “values clarification” movement didn’t clarify values; it clarified wants and desires. This form of moral relativism said, in effect, that no set of values was right or wrong; everybody had an equal right to his own values; and all values were subjective, relative, and personal. This destructive view took hold with a vengeance.

In 1985 The York Times published an article quoting New York area educators, in slavish devotion to this new view, proclaiming, “They deliberately avoid trying to tell students what is ethically right and wrong.” The article told of one counseling session involving fifteen high school juniors and seniors. In the course of that session a student concluded that a fellow student had been foolish to return one thousand dollars she found in a purse at school. According to the article, when the youngsters asked the counselor’s opinion, “He told them he believed the girl had done the right thing, but that, of course, he would not try to force his values on them. ‘If I come from the position of what is wrong,’ he explained, ‘then I’m not their counselor.’”

Once upon a time, a counselor offered counselor, and he knew that an adult does not form character in the young by taking a stance of neutrality toward questions of right and wrong or by merely offering “choices” or “options”.

In response to the belief that adults and educators should teach children sound morals, one can expect from some quarters indignant objections (I’ve heard one version of it expressed countless times over the years): “Who are you to say what’s important?” or “Whose standards and judgments do we use?”

The correct response, it seems to me, is, is we ready to do away with standards and judgments? Is anyone going to argue seriously that a life of cheating and swindling is as worthy as a life of honest, hard work? Is anyone (with the exception of some literature professors at our elite universities) going to argue seriously the intellectual corollary, that a Marvel comic book is as good as Macbeth? Unless we are willing to embrace some pretty silly position, we’ve got to admit the need for moral and intellectual standards. The problem is that some people tend to regard anyone who would pronounce a definitive judgment as an unsophisticated Philistine or a closed-minded “elitist” trying to impose his view on everybody else.

The truth of the real world is that without standards and judgments, there can be no progress. Unless we are prepared to say irrational things—that nothing can be proven more valuable than anything else or that everything is equally worthless—we must ask the normative question. It may come, as a surprise to those who fell that to be “progressive” is to be value-neutral. But as Matthew Amold said, “the world is forwarded by having its attention fixed on the best things” and if the world can’t decide what the best things are, at least to some degree, then it follows that progress, and character, is in trouble. We shouldn’t be reluctant to declare that some things, some lives, books, ideas, and values are better than others. It is the responsibility of the schools to teach these better things.

At one time, we weren’t so reluctant to teach them. In the mid-nineteenth century, a diverse, widespread group of crusaders began to work for the public support of what was then called the “common school”, the forerunner of the public school. They were to be charged with the mission of school felt that the nation could fulfill its destiny only if every new generation was taught these values together in a common institution.

The leaders of the common school movement were mainly citizens who were prominent in their communities—businessmen, ministers, local civic and government officials. These people saw the schools as upholders of standards of individual morality and small incubators of civic and personal virtue; the founders of the public schools had faith that public education could teach good moral and civic character from a common ground of American values.

But in the past quarter century or so, some of the so-called experts became experts of value neutrality, and moral education was increasingly left in their hands. The commonsense view of parents and the publicthat schools should reinforce rather than undermine the values of home, family, and country, was increasingly rejected.

There are those today still that claim we are now too diverse a nation, that we consist of too many competing convictions and interests to instill common values. They are wrong. Of course we are a diverse people. We have always been a diverse people. And as Madison wrote in FederalistNo.10, the competing, balancing interests of a diverse people can help ensure the survival of liberty. But there are values that all American citizens share and that we should want all American students to know and to make their own: honesty, fairness, self-discipline, fidelity to task, friends, and family, personal responsibility, love of country, and belief in the principles of liberty, equality, and the freedom to practice one’s faith. The explicit teaching of these values is the legacy of the common schools, and it is a legacy to which we must return.

9. Schools Should Teach Values

People often said, “Yes, we should teach these values, but how do we teach them?” this question deserves a candid response, one that isn’t given often enough. It is by exposing our children to good character and inviting its imitation that we will transmit to them a moral foundation. This happens when teachers and principals, by their words and actions, embody sound convictions. As Oxford’s Mary Warnock has written, “You cannot teach morality without being committed to morality yourself; and you cannot be committed to morality yourself without holding that some things are right and others wrong.” The theologian Martin Buber wrote that the educator is distinguished from all other influences “by his will to take part in the stamping of character and by his consciousness that he represents in the eyes of the growing person a certain selection of what is, the selection of what is ‘right’, of what should be.” It is in this will, Buber says, in this clear standing for something, that the “vocation as an educator finds its fundamental expression.”

There is no escaping the fact that young people need as example principals and teachers who know the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, and who themselves exemplify high moral purpose.

As Education Secretary, I visited a class at Waterbury Elementary School in Waterbury, Vermont, and asked the students, “Is this a good school?” They answered, “Yes, this is a good school.” I asked them, “Why?” Among other things, one eight-year-old said, “The principal Mr. Riegel, makes good rules and everybody obeys them.” So I said, “Give me an example.” And another answered, “You can’t climb on the pipes in the bathroom. We don’t climb on the pipes and the principal doesn’t either.”

This example is probably too simple to please a lot of people who want to make the topic of moral education difficult, but there is something profound in the answer of those children, something education should pay more attention to. You can’t expect children to take messages about rules or morality seriously unless they see adults taking those rules seriously in their day-to-day affairs. Certain must be said, certain limits lay down, and certain examples set. There is no other way.

We should also do a better job at curriculum selection. The research shows that most “values education” exercises and separate courses in “moral reasoning” tend not to affect children’s behavior; if anything, they may leave children morally adrift. Where to turn? I believe our literature and our history are a rich quarry of moral literacy. We should mine that quarry. Children should have at their disposal a stock of examples illustrating what we believe to be right and wrong, good and bad—examples illustrating what are morally right and wrong can indeed be known and that there is a difference.

What kind of stories, historical events, and famous lives am I talking about? If we want our children to know about honesty, we should teach them about Abe Lincoln walking three miles to return six cents and conversely, about Aesop’s shepherd boy who cried wolf if we want them to know about courage, we should teach them about Joan of Arc, Horatius at the bridge, and Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. If we want them to know about persistence in the face of adversity, they should know about the voyages of Columbus and the character of Washington during the Civil War. And our youngest should be told about the Little Engine That Could. If we want them to know about respect for the law, they should understand why Socrates told Crito: “No, I must submit to the decree of Athens.” If we want our children to respect the rights of others, they should read the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the Gettysburg Address, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Letter from Birmingham jail.” From the Bible they should know about Ruth’s loyalty to Naomi, Joseph’s forgiveness of his brothers, Jonathan’s friendship with David, the Good Samaritan’s kindness toward a stranger, and David’s cleverness and courage in facing Goliath.

These are only a few of the hundreds of examples we can call on. And we need not get into issues like nuclear war, abortion, creationism, or euthanasia. This may come as a disappointment to some people, but the fact is that the formation of character in young people is educationally a task different from, and prior to, the discussion of the great, difficult controversies of the day. First things come first. We should teach values the same way we teach other things: one step at a time. We should not use the fact that there are many difficult and controversial moral questions as an argument against basic instruction in the subject.

After all, we do not argue against teaching physics because laser physics is difficult, against teaching American history because there are heated disputes about the Founders’ intent. Every field has its complexities and its controversies. And every field has its basics, its fundamentals. So they are too with forming character and achieving moral literacy. As any parent knows, teaching character is a difficult task. But it is a crucial task, because we want our children to be healthy, happy, and successful but decent, strong, and good. None of this happens automatically; there is no genetic transmission of virtue. It takes the conscious, committed efforts of adults. It takes careful attention.

10. College Pressures

Mainly I try to remind that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don not want to hear such liberating news. They want a map—right now – that they can follow unswervingly to career security, financial security, Social Security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

What I wish for all students is some release from the clammy grip of the future. I wish them a chance to savor each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a grim preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as instructive as victory and is not the end of the world.

My wish, of course, is na?ve. One of the national gods venerated in our media—the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive—and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, and the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains: only victims.

“In the late 1960s.” one dean told me. “The typical question that I got from students was ‘Why is there so much suffering in the world’ or ‘how I can make a contribution?’ Today it’s ‘Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?’” many other deans confirmed this pattern. One said: “They are trying to find an edge—the intangible something that will look better on paper if two students are about equal.”

Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. A is for Admirable and B is for Borderline, even though, in Yale’s official system of grading, A means “excellent” and B means “very good.” Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school. They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law firms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh. Yale Law School, for instance, matriculates 170students from an applicant pool of 3,700; Harvard enrolls 550 from a pool of 7,000.

It’s all very well for those of us who write letters of recommendation for our students to stress the qualities of humanity that will make them good lawyers or doctors. And it’s nice to think that admission officers are ready reading our letters and looking for the extra dimension of commitment or concern. Still, it would be hard for a student not to visualize these officers shuffling so many transcripts studded with As that they regard a B as positively shameful.

The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days of the “gentleman’s C.” when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses-music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know countless students whose inquiring minds exhilarate me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I do not know if they are getting As or Cs, and I do not care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They cannot.

Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Tuition, room, and board at most private colleges now come to at least $7,000, not counting books and fees. This might seem to suggest that the colleges are getting rich. But they are equally battered by inflation. Tuition covers only 60 percent of what it costs to educate a student, and ordinarily the remainder comes from what college receives in endowments, grants, and gifts. Now, the remainder keeps being swallowed by the cruel costs—higher every year—of just opening the doors. Heating oil is up. Insurance is up. Postage is up. Health-premium costs are up. Everything is up. Deficits are up. We are witnessing in American the creation of a brotherhood of paupers—colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debt.

Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to accrue $5,000 in loans after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation. Exhorted at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? I have used “he,” incidentally, only for brevity. Women at Yale are under no less pressure to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. In fact, they are probably under more pressure. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society has not yet caught up with this fact.

Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply intertwined.

I see many students taking pre-medical courses with joyless tenacity. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know tem in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

“Do you want to medical school?” I asked them.

“I guess so,” they say, without conviction, or “Not really.”

“Then why are you going?”

“Well, my parents want me to be a doctor. They are paying all this money and …”

Poor students, poor parents, they are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean will; they are trying to steer their sons and draughts toward a secure future. But the sons and daughter want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? It’s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics—an ability to synthesize and relate, to weigh cause and effect, to see events in perspective—are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field. Still, many fathers would rather put their money on courses that point toward specific profession—courses that are pre-law, pre-medical, pre-business, or, as I sometimes heard it put, “pre-rich.”

But the pressure on students is severe. They are truly torn. One part of them feels obliged to fulfill their parents’ expectations; after all, their parents are older and presumably wiser. Another part tells them that the expectations that are right for their parents are not right for them.

I know a student who wants to be an artist. She is very obviously an artist and will be a good one—she has already had several modest local exhibits. Meanwhile she is growing as a well-round person and taking humanistic subjects that will enrich the inner resources out of which her art will grow. But her father is strongly opposed. He thinks that an artist is a “dumb” thing to be. The student vacillates and tries to please everybody. She keeps up with her art somewhat furtively and takes some of the “dumb” courses her father wants her to take—at least they are dumb courses for her. She is a free spirit on a campus of tense students—no small achievement in it—and she deserves to follow her muse.

Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin almost at the beginning of freshman year.

“I had a freshman student I’ll call Linda,” one dean told me, “who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I could not tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda.”

The story is almost funny—except that it is not. It is symptomatic of all the pressure put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they would sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the clacking of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: “Will I get everything done?”

Probably they won’t. They will get blocked. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

Part of the problem is that they are expected to do. A professor will assign five page papers. Several students will start writing ten page papers to impress him. Then more students will write ten page papers, and a few will raise the ante to fifteen. Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment.

“Once you have twenty or thirty percent of the student population deliberately overexerting,” one dean points out, “It’s bad for everybody. When a teacher gets more and more effort from his class, the student who is doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well. The tactic work, psychologically.”

Why cannot the professor just cut back and not accept longer papers? He can, and he probably will. But by then the term will be half over and the damage done. Grade fever is highly contagious and not easily reversed. Besides, the professor’s main concern is with his course. He knows his students only in relation to the course and does not know that they are also overexerting in their other courses. Nor is it really his business. He did not sign up for dealing with the student as a whole person and with all the emotional baggage the student brought along from home. That’s what deans, masters, chaplains, and psychiatrists are for.

To some extent this is nothing new: a certain number of professors have always been self-contained islands of scholarship and shyness, more comfortable with books than with people. But the new pauperism has widened the gap still further, for professors who actually like to spend time with students do not have as much time to spend. They are also overexerting. If they are young, they are busy trying to publish in order not to perish, hanging by their figure nails onto a shrinking profession.

If they are old and tenured, they are buried under the duties of administering departments—as departmental chairmen or members of committees—that have been thinned out by the budgetary axe.

Ultimately it will be the students’ own business to break the circles in which they are trapped. They are too young to be prisoners of their parents’ dreams and their classmates’ fears. They must be jolted into believing into themselves as unique men and women who have the power to shape their own future.

“Violence is being done to the undergraduate experience,” says Carlos Hortas. “College should be open-ended: at the end it should open many, many roads. Instead, students are choosing their goal in advance, and their choices narrow as they go along. It’s almost as if they think that the country has been codified in the type of jobs that exist-that they’ve got to fit into certain slots. Therefore, fit into the best paying slot.”

“They ought to take chances. Not taking chances will lead to life of colorless mediocrity. They’ll be comfortable. But something in the spirit will be missing.”

I have painted too drab a portrait of today’s students, making them seem a solemn lot. That is only half of their story; if they were so dreary I wouldn’t so thoroughly enjoy their company. The other half is that they are easy to like. They are quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They are not introverts. They are usually kind and are more considerate of one another than any student generation I have known.

Nor are they so obsessed with their studies that they avoid sports and extracurricular activities. On the contrary, they juggle their crowded hours to play on a variety of teams, perform with musical and dramatic groups, and write for campus publications. But this in turn is one more cause of anxiety. There are too many choices. Academically, they have 1,300 courses to select from; outside class they have to decide how much spare time they can spare and how to spend it.

This means that they engage in fewer extracurricular pursuits than their predecessors did. If they want to row on the crew and play in the symphony they will eliminate one; in the ‘60s they would have done both. They also tend to choose activities that are self-limiting. Drama, for instance, is flourishing in all twelve of Yale’s residential colleges, as it never has before. Students hurl themselves into these productions—as actors, directors, carpenters, and technicians—with a dedication to create the best possible play, knowing that the day will come when the run will end and they can get back to their studies.

They also cannot afford to be the willing slave of organizations like the Yale Daily News. Last spring at the one-hundredth anniversary banquet of that paper—who’s past chairmen include such once and future kings as Potter Stewart, Kingman Brewster, and William F. Buckley, Jr.—much was made of the fact that the editorial staff used to be small and totally committed and that “newsies” routinely worked fifty hours a week. In effect they belonged to a club; Newsies is how they defined themselves at Yale. Today’s students will one or two articles a week, when he can, and he defines himself as a student. I’ve never heard the word Newsie except at the banquet.

If I have described the modern undergraduate primarily as a driven creature who is largely ignoring the blithe spirit inside who keeps trying to come out and play, it’s because that’s where the crunch is, not only at Yale but throughout American education. It’s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

I tell students that there is no one “right” way to get ahead—that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell neither them that change is a tonic and that all the slots are not codified nor the frontiers closed. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. They are heads of companies or ad agencies, editors of magazines, politicians, public officials, television magnates, labor leaders, business executives, Broadway products, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians—a mixed bag of achievers.

I asked them to say a few words about how they got started. The students assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by a circuitous route, to their surprise, after many detours. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not pre-planned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.

11. To Err Is Wrong

In the summer of 1979, Boston Red Sox first baseman Carl Yastrzemski became the fifteenth player in baseball history to reach the three thousand hit plateaus. This event drew a lot of media attention, and for about a week prior to the attainment of this goal, hundreds of reports covered Yaz’s every more. Finally, one reporter asked, “Hey Yaz, aren’t you afraid all of this attention will go to your head?” Yastrzemski replied, “I look at this way: in my career I’ve been up to bat over ten thousand times. That means I’ve been unsuccessful at the plate over seven thousand times. That fact alone keeps me from getting a swollen head.”?

Most people consider success and failure as opposites, but they are actually both products of the same process. As Yaz suggest, an activity that produces a hit may also produce a miss. It is the same with creative thinking; the same energy that generates good creative ideas also produces errors.

Many people, however, are not comfortable with errors. Our educational system, based on “the right answer” belief, cultivates our thinking in another, more conservative way. From an early age, we are taught that right answers are good and incorrect answers are bad. This value is deeply embedded in the incentive system used in most schools:

Right over 90% of the time = “A”

Right over 80% of the time = “B~”

Right over 70% of the time = “C~” Right over 60% of the time = “D~” Less than 60% correct, you fail.

From this we learn to be right as often as possible and to keep our mistakes to a minimum. We learn, in other words, that “to err is wrong.

Playing It Safe

With this kind of attitude, you aren’t going to be taking too many chances. If you learn that failing even a litter penalizes you (e.g., being wrong only 15% of the time garners you only a “B” performance), you learn not to make mistakes. And more important, you learn not to put yourself to situation where you might fall. This leads to conservative thought pattern designed to avoid the stigma our society puts on “failure”.

I have a friend who recently graduated from college with a Master’s degree in Journalism. For the last six month, she has been trying to find a job, but to no avail. I talked with her about situation, and realized that her problem is that she doesn’t know how to fail. She went through eighteen years of schooling to try any approaches where she might fail. She has been conditioned to believe that failure is bad in and of itself, rather than a potential stepping-stone to new ideas.

Look around. How many middle managers, housewives, administrators, teachers, and other people do you see who are to try anything new because of this failure? Most of us have learned not to make mistakes in public. As a result, we remove ourselves from many learning experience except for those occurring in the most private of circumstances.

Different Logic

From a practical point of view, “to err is wrong” makes sense. Our survival in the everyday world requires us to perform thousand of small tasks without failure. Think about it: you wouldn’t last very long if you were to step out in front of traffic or stick your hand a pot of boiling water. In addition, engineers whose bridges collapse, stock brokers who lose money for their clients, and copywriters whose ad campaigns decrease sales won’t keep their jobs very long.

Nevertheless, too great an adherence to the belief “to err is wrong” can greatly undermine your attempts to generate new ideas. If you are more concerned with producing right answers than generating original ideas, you’ll probably make uncritical use of the rules, formulae, and procedures used to obtain these right answers. By doing this, you’ll by-pass the germinal phase of the creative process, and thus spend litter time testing assumptions, challenging the rules, asking what-if questions, or just playing around with the problem. All of these techniques will produce some incorrect answers, but in the germinal phase errors are viewed as a necessary by-product of creative thinking. As Yaz would put it, “if you want the hits, be prepared for the misses.” That’s the way the game of life goes.

Errors as Stepping Stones

Whenever an error pops up, the usual response is “Jeez, another screw up, what went wrong this time?” the creative thinker, on the other hand, will realize the potential value of errors, and perhaps say something like, “Would you look at that! Where can it lead our thinking?” and then he or she will go on to use the error as a stepping stone to a new idea. As a matter of fact, the whole history of discovery is filed with people who used erroneous assumptions and failed ideas as stepping-stones to new ideas. Columbus thought he was finding a shorter route to India. Johannes Kepler stumbled on to the idea of interplanetary gravity because of assumptions that were right for the wrong reasons. And, Thomas Edison knew 1800 ways not to build a light bulb.

The following story about the automotive genius Charles Kettering exemplifies the spirit of working through erroneous assumptions to good ideas. In 1912, when the automobile industry was just beginning to grow, Kettering was interested in improving gasoline engine efficiency. The problem he faced was“knockthe phenomenon in which gasoline takes too long to burn in the cylinder-thereby reducing efficiency.

Kettering began searching for ways to eliminate the “knock.” He thought to him, “How can I get the gasoline to combust in the cylinder at an earlier time?” the key concept here is “early”. Searching for analogous situations, he looked around for models of “things that happen early.” He thought of historical models, physical models, and biological models. Finally, he remembered a particular plant, the trailing arbutus, which “happens early,” i.e., it blooms in the snow (“earlier” than other plants). One of this plant’s chief characteristics is its’ red leaves, which help the plant retain light at certain wavelengths. Kettering figured that it must be the red color, which made the trailing arbutus bloom earlier.

Now came the critical step in Kettering’s chain of thought. He asked himself, “How can I make the gasoline red?” perhaps I’ll put red dye in the gasoline—maybe that’ll make it combust earlier.” He looked around his workshop, and found that he didn’t have any red dye. But he did happen to have some iodine—perhaps that would do. He added the iodine to the gasoline and, lo and behold, the engine didn’t “knock”.

[英语作文写作的需要背诵的部分

导语：英语写作中运用一些谚语或者名言会给人眼前一亮的效果哦，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧?

2. Bad news has wings. 好事不出门,坏事传千里?

3. Honesty is the best policy. 做人以诚信为本?

4. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩.

5. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友.

6. A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半.

7. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成.

8. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩?

9. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友?

10. A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半?

11. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成?

12. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马?

13. Easier said than done. 说起来容易,做起来难?

14. Easy come, easy go. 来得快,去得快?

16. Every man has his weak side. 人人都有缺点?

17. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母?

18. Look before you leap. 三思而后行?

19. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 有事莫推明天?

20. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马.

21. Easier said than done. 说起来容易,做起来难.

22. Easy come, easy go. 来得快,去得快.

23. Every man has his weak side. 人人都有缺点.

24. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母.

25. Look before you leap. 三思而后行.

27. Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人.

28. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人若无友,就如同生命中没有太阳.

29. All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难.

30. Always prepare for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪.

31. As you sow, so shall you reap. 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆.

32. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 有事莫推明天.

33. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧.

34. Bad news has wings. 好事不出门,坏事传千里.

35. Honesty is the best policy. 做人以诚信为本.

36. You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success. 你必须相信自己,这是成功的关键.

37. Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不可以貌取人.

38. Every coin has two sides. 每个硬币都有两面。

39. The winter is coming and the spring is not far. 冬天已经临近了,春天还会远吗.

40. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。

41. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。

42. Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待

43. Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人?

44. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人若无友,就如同生命中没有太阳?

45. All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难?

46. Always prepare for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪?

47. As you sow, so shall you reap. 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆?

48. I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort. 成功要靠三件事才能赢得:努力,努力,再努力.

中考马上就要到来了，语文迷小编为大家整理提供中考英语写作万能句子，赶紧来看看吧。

1. 不用说…… It goes without saying that … = (It is) needless to say (that) …

= It is obvious that …

例：不用说早睡早起是值得的。

It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.

2. 在各种……之中，…… Among various kinds of …， … /= Of all the …， …

例︰在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。

Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.

3. 就我的看法……;我认为……

In my opinion, …

= To my mind, …

= As far as I am concerned, …

= I am of the opinion that …

例：In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.

就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。

4. 随着人口的增加…… With the increase/growth of the population, …

随着科技的进步…… With the advance of science and technology, …

例：With the rapid development of Taiwans economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.

随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。

5. ……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that …

…… 是重要的 It is important/essential (for sb.) to do / that …

…… 是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that …

……是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …

例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.

It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.

我们应当保持公共场所清洁。

6. 花费 spend … on sth. / doing sth. …

例：我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。

We shouldnt spend too much time on something we arent interested in.

7. how 引导的感叹句

例：那至少可以证明你很诚实。

At least it will prove how honest you are.

8. 状语从句

A)如果你不……，你就会…… If you dont …， youll …

例︰If you dont keep working hard, youll lose the chance.

如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。

B) 如此 ……，以至于…… so … that …

例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.

当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。

9. 宾语从句

我认为，…… / 我认为……不 I think / I dont think that …

我想知道是否…… I wonder whether …

例：He doesnt think I should stop him joining the club.

他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。

10. Since + S + 过去式， S + 现在完成式。

例：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

自从他上高中，他就一直很用功。

导语：时光悄悄地溜去了，太阳则越发的红，悬挂在房顶与天的边缘间。一会儿，夕阳渐渐收敛了光芒，变得温和起来，只是红彤彤的一个圆球，像一个光焰柔和的大灯笼。语文迷小编为大家整理了优美段落摘抄，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

1.过了几分钟，太阳变红了，脸蛋像是涂了淡红的胭脂，轻轻的。啊，太阳也这么爱美!

2.渐渐地，太阳变得更红了，像一个快乐的孩童。歪着红扑扑的脸蛋，毫无倦态，从身上抖落下柔和的光。

3.漫步在家乡的红夕阳中，在夕阳的熠熠里，那一个个亲人的面孔以及印在心中的童年回忆令我难以忘怀。

4.霞光把小白猪变成了金灿灿的小金猪，小孩的脸也被霞光照地红彤彤的。总的来说，所有的东西被霞光照过后，颜色都不一样了。

5.夕阳射出一束束金光，照在大地上，照在家乡的一草一木上。一阵微风吹过，许多的树，许多的草轻轻舞动，那样子，就像是一个个美丽的姑娘脸上闪着灿烂的光芒。

6.今天不早了，黑云悄悄侵入天空太阳一定是急坏了，越发的红，拼命地往西下落，不一会儿就只留下了一个月牙似的边。黑云见太阳躲了便更加嚣张，霸占整个天空，丝毫不肯露一点。太阳则早已没了影子，只留下了一圈残留的金光。

7.一会儿，太阳更红了，像是一只又圆又红的大苹果高傲地悬在天边后面一朵朵黄澄澄的云衬着太阳，阳光透过云缝洒出来，一切都变得红红的，像着了火一般，沐浴在红艳艳的阳光中。

8.一抹殷红色的夕阳照在西山上，湛蓝湛蓝的天空浮动着大块大块的白色云朵，它们在夕阳的辉映下呈现出火焰一般的嫣红，倘若你仔细地看，你会看见那云絮在空中飘动，就像置身于轻纱般的美梦似的，会使你远离烦恼的困扰。

9.在霞光的照耀下，天空像是被火烧了一样。有时候霞光的颜色也变化多端，一会儿红彤彤的，一会儿金灿灿的，等，颜色可多了，还有些说不出名字的颜色。

10.夕阳的红颜色是那样的鲜艳，就像是被革命烈士的鲜血染红的一样。也像是天空中燃烧的一团火焰。纯白色的云点缀着那美丽的红夕阳。有的云被染成了粉色，有的云依然保持着原来的白色，就像是给夕阳妈妈戴上了一串彩色的珍珠项链。

11.夕阳西下，大地沐浴在余辉的彩霞中，人们三三两两地在街道上漫步，晚风徐徐地拂送来一阵阵花木夹杂的幽香，使人心旷神怡，更觉夕阳无限好。

12.天空，无云的地方，已是深蓝。转眼间，这圆东西从底部开始泛出微红，轻轻地，比天上的云丝还要淡。此时太阳的周围，被云霞披上了一层彩色的余晖。

13.一刹那间，夕阳快要跌入地面了，与地面贴得越来越近，越来越近……我知道，这迷人的夕阳很快就要和我们再见了，它即将要到地球的另一面去，为那里的人们带来一个美丽的黎明。

14.光越来越漂亮了，照耀着旁边的云彩，照亮着半个天空。那金黄色的光，沾到了隔壁的云彩姐姐，云彩姐姐穿上了橘黄色的衣服;照到了远处的云彩妹妹，云彩妹妹着上浅红色的新装。没有五彩斑斓，只有梦幻般的红橙黄留在了天空。云彩聚集起来，无暇的夕阳的光轻描淡画出那些美丽的晚霞，细细勾勒出那些丝丝的浮云，渲染出那水墨画般的天空……天空的脸仿佛浮起一丝丝红晕，给人一种奇幻的感觉……

15.太阳虽然快要落下来了，但放出的光还是那样的耀眼。我把手卷成一个小小的圆形，对着太阳看着，要沉下去的太阳像个红心鸡蛋，天空就是一个蓝蓝的锅，现在，鸡蛋快要煮熟了，要被倒到盘子里了，瞧哪!正在一点儿一点儿地往下滑呢!

16.过了一会儿，它像人一样姗姗而行，渐渐地靠近山。这时的太阳光不再刺眼了，它已经把这耀眼的光慢慢地收敛起来，只射出柔和光芒。

17.时光悄悄地溜去了，太阳则越发的红，悬挂在房顶与天的边缘间。一会儿，夕阳渐渐收敛了光芒，变得温和起来，只是红彤彤的一个圆球，像一个光焰柔和的大灯笼。

18.慢慢儿，太阳开始变红。这时，我仿佛看见了七种颜色在不停地变幻着，太阳似乎在转动似的，一会儿青，一会儿紫，一会儿红，五光十色，美丽极了。

19.金灿灿的太阳似乎累了，换上橘色的睡衣，虽不像清晨那样朝气蓬勃，但也是神气活现的，没有一点衰老的样子太阳把利剑似的光芒收住了，泻下柔柔的光，给柳树镀上一层华丽的金黄;每一处都跳跃着红润润的光，波光粼粼，像是一枚枚雀跃着的音符，又像是水里撒了一大把闪亮亮的碎金子，甭提那场面多美了!

20.一阵清爽的夜风扑面而来，仿佛一切烦恼与疲惫都置之度外了，身体的每一根紧张的神经也渐渐舒缓了;风儿吹皱的河面，泛起了层层涟漪，折射着殷红的霞光，像撒下一河红色的玛瑙，熠熠生辉;远处的小竹林闪着绿幽幽的光，在微风中轻轻摇响竹叶，风儿吹动树叶那飒飒作响的声音，像唱着一首动听的歌;高空的风，恣意地追逐着、戏弄着，撕扯着云朵。

导语：当前的社会经常听到很多关于不负责任的事件发生，比如临时工……下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的以责任为话题的高考写作素材，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

只要你留心，你就能发现一个现象。很多人做事的时候大多是敷衍了事，不负责任。而且这种现象在社会上十分普遍。从媒体曝光的含瘦肉精的猪肉，到超市里出现的有毒的馒头。在这类事件中，相关的执法部门形同虚设，不能起到真正的监管作用。更有甚者，不但不去监管，还要同违法犯罪者狼狈为奸，共同作恶。这也是有目共睹了事实。

不负责任的根源在于责任不明确，监督不到位，没有严格的处罚标准。一切事情都是凭一时的冲动，而没有长效的机制。大家的事情，在做的过程中，没有人认真去做。在现实生活中，什么法都有，但什么法都是随着人为的掌控来不断地改变着，不是就事论事，更多的时候是就人论事。再加上监督的严重缺失，不负责任有时候比负责任的结果要好。在这种情形之下，大家在处理事情的时候，总是瞻前顾后，相互推诿。

从国家的机构设置来看，应该有的全有，一样不差，相比其它国家来说，还多的一套机构。正如一架机器一样，所有的零件都是齐备的。应该说这架机器是能够正常运转的，而且是和谐协调地工作着。理论上成立的事情，在具体的实践中未必就能行的通。有时候总是不尽人意。人应该是聪明的，对于自己所操控的机器，在了解其性能之后，应不断地改进其结构，使之更加合理，更加省时省力，效率更高。而有的人却在做事上不考虑效率，只注重形式。为了保持原来的模式不变，不但不对某些不起作用，有时甚至起反作用的部件采用剔除的方法，而是另外增添一些新的部件来使之保持正常的运转。其结果是机器的部件增多了，运转起来更加的复杂而且繁琐，伴随着问题也是层出不穷地出现着。这就是中国社会目前的困境。机构繁多而且重叠，效率低下，人浮于事的现象是比比皆是。其结果导致社会生活更多的是无序而且混乱。

当年三鹿奶粉出了问题，最后的结果是如日中天的三鹿企业倒闭了，成千上万的工人失业，许多经销商、奶农破产，许多儿童饱受病痛的折磨。三鹿的一些主要负责人以及制假、造假的个别人受到惩罚。政府中的相关人员也受到撤职、记过、警告等不同的处分。看上去政府的举动可谓是雷厉风行的，有一查到底，绝不姑息的意思。实际上是壮士断腕，不得不为之的无奈之举。最后也就不了了之了。如果深究下去的话，三鹿的问题不是三鹿自己做大的。而是政府失去了监管，在利益的驱动之下，有意无意地为企业的违法开了绿灯。政策的倾斜，监管的缺失，让三鹿走上了不归之路。相关地方的党委和政府是难辞其咎的。但最后，只是几个无关紧要的人物作了替罪羊，其它人物则相安无事。这也给更多的人提了个醒，只要不出问题，不出人命关天的大问题，一切都好说。谁出了事，不是因为他负不负责任的问题，而是他的运气好不好的问题。与责任无关的结果，就是更多的人不再负责任地做事情。

三鹿事件，让中国的形象在世界上受到重创。也为食品的安全敲响了警钟。而结果呢?问题不仅没有什么大的改观，反而是愈演愈烈。三鹿剩余的毒奶粉频繁地以各种名目出现，而且是屡禁不止。现在又是瘦肉精事件，让另一个知名的品牌企业双汇又陷入其中，损失惨重。实际上这瘦肉精的问题不是今天才发现的，早几年就有过报道，而且也做过处罚的。为什么那么多的地方监管部门在如此长的时间里就没有发现呢?这瘦肉精不比三聚氰胺，三聚氰胺是肉眼无法看出来的，同时也不是简单的仪器能测出来的。而这喂瘦肉精的猪就不一样，光凭肉眼就可以看出来的。可结果是那么多的检疫、检查人员竟然睁着眼睛却楞没发现，这是何等的咄咄怪事。再说上海超市里的有毒馒头，这么长的时间里，就没有人对馒头的质量进行过化验检查。食品检验部门到底是做什么的呢。难道只是为了罚款而设置的吗?

俗话说，出来混，迟早是要还回去的。食品的问题，生产企业是有过错的。但要是监管到位的话，出问题也只是个别现象，而不是整个行业。而现在要么不出问题，一旦出了问题，可就是整个行业里的大问题。要么企业倒闭，要么企业损失惨重，元气大伤。更主要的是让政府本来就已经很低的信任度更是丧失殆尽了。监管的缺失，监督的缺失，形成了在具体工作中，没有人去负责的情况出现。出了问题，造成的损失是大家的。真的出了问题，大不了找几个人承担下来，免职了事。等到风头过去，还可以东山再起。这是有很多先例可以加以证明的。

在各级政府的会议上，我们经常看到一个个领导是那样神采飞扬激情洋溢地做着各种各样的报告。在报告里，对每一件事的安排是那样的细致周到，有的时候连一个个细小的步骤都考虑到了。可实际上没有人去认真的执行过。这种只注重形式而不见有具体行动的行为，其恶劣的影响是无法估量的。最后的结果是政府工作人员不做具体事务，办事效率低下。很多单位在上班的时间找不到人。来上班的不是炒股就是上网玩游戏。

这个社会是大家的，工作也应该大家来做。不要去报怨每一个人。因为民众的不负责任，与政府是有关系的。首先要有一个负责任的政府，再去要求民众负起责任来。

1.一个崇高的目标,只要不渝地追求,就会成为壮举. ——华兹华斯

2.即使是智者,也难摈弃追求功名这个弱点. ——塔西佗

3.理智会促使每一个人去追求大众的幸福,作为获取和确立个人幸福的手段. 查?科尔顿

4.要想知道掌权的痛苦,就该去问那些当权者;要想知道它的乐趣,就应该去问它的追求者. ——葛罗夫

5.凡是精炼的句子,由于追求简明而不得不牺牲一定的准确性. ——塞?约翰逊

6.占有不能带来幸福,人只有在不断地追求中才会感到持久的幸福和满足.——赵鑫珊

7.追求那真实的功业,追求对宇宙人生更深远的了解;追求永远超过狭小生活圈子之外的更有用的 东西. ——罗兰

8.走得最慢的人,只要他不丧失目标,也比漫无目的地徘徊的人走得快. ——莱辛

9.在瞄准遥远目标的同时,不要轻视近处的东西. ——欧里庇德斯

10.幼儿时期可以没什么宏伟目标,成人时代则不可无此. ——霍兰

11.不能像走兽那样活着,应该追求知识和美德. —— 但丁

12.不患位之不尊,而患德之不崇;不耻禄之不伙,而耻智之不博.——张衡

13.虚已者进德之基. —— 方孝孺

14.满盈者,不损何为?慎之!慎之! ——朱舜水

15.不谦虚的话只能有这个辩解,即缺少谦虚就是缺少见识. —— 富兰克林

16.好说己长便是短,自知己短便是长. ——申居郧

17.每个人都会有自己的追求,不论好人坏人,成功者失败者,追求是人生存在这世界上的心理基础. ——郑碧雅

18.人生追求,是一种内心的平静,在四个层面保持平衡的人才会拥有圆融的人生. 裁冯军

19.有三种简单然而无比强烈的激情左右了我的一生:对爱的渴望,对知识的探索和对人类苦难的难 以忍受的怜悯.这些激情像飓风,无处不在,反复无常地吹拂着我,吹过深重的苦海,濒于绝境. ——罗素的人生追求

20.如果我能最终成功,最重要肯定是因为我的理想,我的理想非常大,明知道它不可为,所以会付 出格外的努力.

21.一个教师对自己的孩子说:"你长大了一定要经商赚钱,你爸爸就是吃了没有钱的亏." 一个老板对自己的孩子说:"你长大了一定要好好读书,你爸爸就是吃了没知识的亏."

22.我不知道流星能飞多久,值不值得追求!我不知道樱花能开多久,值不值得等候!但我知道会有 一份友谊像烟花般美丽,像恒星般永恒,值得我用一生守候! ——一则短信

23.令人筋疲力尽的往往不是要做的事情本身;而是事前事后患得患失的心态……

24.我们追求的目标是,让人民群众喝上干净的水,呼吸清新的空气,有更好的工作和生活环境.— —******总理的一番朴实话,赢得人大代表的热烈掌声 ——华旗总

改写，就是把原有的一篇文章改变形式、长短的一种写作类型。下面是英语写作基础改写病句的技巧，欢迎参考阅读！

改写，包括改写、缩写、扩写、写摘要等多种形式：或改头换面，或削足适履，或海阔天空，或归纳总括，让你有足够的内容、机会和样式适应要求，施展才华。

改写是用不同形式表达同一内容的方法，使之成为与原文意思相同而表现方式、文体不同的作品。改写可以变换文章的人称、顺序，可以改变原文的体裁、结构，可以灵活运用自己的语言，尽可能用多种方法来表达、替换原文语句的内容。比如，我们可以把对话改写成散文，可以把记叙文变成通讯报导、新闻特写，反之亦然。

缩写是根据词数、字数的要求对原文加以压缩、概括，从而达到缩短篇幅、简化内容、突出中心等目的的写作形式。简言之，缩写是原文的“高度浓缩”。缩写时要忠实于原文，保留原文体裁、题材、主要内容、主要思想、结构顺序、语言风格、人称视角和表现方法等；既要使篇幅缩短，结构紧凑，又要使内容简明扼要，重点突出；不能对原文加入个人的认识、体会或对原文进行评论，也不能加入原文中没有的内容。

扩写则与缩写相反，是把篇幅短小的内容扩展成为篇幅较长的文章。扩写时，可以施展个人的想像力，在不离原文核心内容的前提下海阔天空，任意发挥，从而使细节更加充实、生动，使情节更加具有感染力，使解释、说明、论证更加充分有力。

摘要是一篇文章或一本书的梗概，多指论文或报告内容的提要。一些期刊、杂志上论文的“提要”、“摘要”，某些报纸、杂志在一篇文章前面写的“编者按”，一本书的前言等均属此列。写摘要就是简明扼要地向读者介绍一篇文章，一本书，一篇论文或一个报告的主要内容，使读者用较少的时间阅读后，能了解文章或书的来龙去脉。摘要可以改变体裁。写摘要时，笔者可以用原文的人称、语气、也可以用第三人称，即笔者的语气，但是不能改变原文的事实和观点，也不能丢掉原文的要点，应写成连贯的文章而不能写成提纲。

总之，改写、缩写、扩写、摘要都是对原有的文章进行适合某种需要的裁剪或放大，选取原文的精要而和盘托出，对其要点和实质容不得偷换和贪污。这些写作形式对学习写作的学生来说，是一种练习综合分析、归纳概括能力的好方法；对成人来说，是工作中的很好的帮手。

一个作家可以把一本小说改写成剧本，把一则简短的消息扩展为一部短篇或长篇小说；一名记者可以把一段会谈改写成一篇通讯报导或特写；一个编辑可以把收到的稿件根据版面大小或缩或扩写成适当的文章；我们在听领导人、某方面的专家做报告时要作点笔记，然后写出摘要文章；我们写成一篇论文后，可以给它写一段简短的摘要，等等。这些都是人们在生活、工作中必不可少的书面表达形式。所以，学会这些写作技巧，能使我们适应各方面的需要。

As spring comes, everything on earth comes to life. After an overnight’s raining, the trees and flowers seem to wear their new clothes. Birds are chanting in trees. Butterflies keep dancing in flowers. All these elements form an elegant spring life.

春天来了，地球上的一切都苏醒了。一整夜的雨之后，树木和鲜花似乎都穿上了新衣服。鸟儿在树上歌唱。蝴蝶在花花间跳舞。所有这些自然力量形成了一个优雅的春天生活。

As spring comes, everything is in a rush. Swallows are busy with building their nests; frogs are busy with breeding their offspring; little grass is busy with growing up; seeds are busy with sprouting. And the farmers are busy with their farm work. Look, how hard they are working in their field! So theres no doubt that they will reap a good harvest through their hard work.

春天来了，一切都是匆匆忙忙的。燕子正在忙着筑巢;青蛙都忙着繁殖后代;小草忙于成长;种子忙着发芽。农民忙于农活。看，在他们的田野上他们是多么努力的工作啊!所以毫无疑问，通过他们的努力工作他们会有一个很好的收成。