归园田居 陶渊明翻译(通用20篇)

为什么美国文化是独特的

American culture is unique because it is nurtured， formed and developed under certain conditions， which are characteristically（特性）American. The major factors contributing to the making of this new nation and the forming of a new culture are the hard environment， ethnic diversity（多民族） and plural religion， which is quite different from other nations in the world. What is more， these elements are still influencing the American culture.

1. Rough Environment

The early immigrants who were English Puritans settled down in northeast part of American. The environment there was very rough but they believed the poor land could purify their mind so they chose the place along the coast. From 1607 to 1892， frontiers were pushed further west. The American frontier consisted of the relatively unsettled regions of the United States， usually found in the western part of the country. The frontiersmen looked for a land of rich resources and a land of promise， opportunity and freedom. Actually they looked for a better life. So individualism， self-reliance， and equality of opportunity have perhaps been the values most closely associated with the frontier heritage（遗产） of American.

2. Ethnic Diversity

The population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups coming from many races， nationalities， and religions. People refer to the United States as "melting pot "and the dominant people are British. American is made up of WASP MM， that is， White， Anglo Saxon， Protestants plus Middle Class and Male. In history， people from different countries in the world rushed to American three times. They brought their own culture to American and later on different cultures were mixed together. Thus the unique American culture is formed， a common cultural life with commonly shared values.

3. Plural religion

The fundamental American belief in individual freedom and the right of individuals to practice their own religion is at the center of religious experience in the United States. The great diversity of ethnic backgrounds has produced religious pluralism； almost all of the religions of the world are now practiced in the United States. Christianity（基督教） is the dominant religion in American and Protestant （新教）is predominate（主导）。 Any individuals are equal before God and they believe they can communicate directly to God so they can share the same idea. Under the protestant， many new ones are formed and different explanations produce different sect of religion. Churches are independent and American religion is no longer religion seculars. The institution permits the practice of religion and the political power is separate form religion. So there are more religions in American than in other countries.

4. Current influence：

Nowadays， we can see the continual influence of the three elements in the current American society. American family is typically parents and their unmarried children. Middle-aged and elderly people generally do not live with their married children. Many Americans live in mobile homes whose homes are built with wheels. They can be moved. The people in American have a very strong desire to start a new life in a new place. Quite a number of people change residences（住所） every year. The average American moves fourteen times in his lifetime. The courage to try something new has been an American characteristic. American democracy means majority rule， but it also means protection of minority rights. There are certain freedom which the United States promises to all its citizens and members of minority group cannot be denied these rights by a vote of the majority. Americans also like to be involved in many challenge activities and sports to show their adventurous spirits. All of these are affected by the heritage of the American history.

From the facts above， we can see American culture is unique which was cultivated， formed and developed by the main three factors， rough environment， ethnic diversity and plural religion and still is affected and determined by them now.

美国人最喜欢的小食品鸡翅

From its humble beginnings and unlikely origins， the chicken wing has become one of Americas best-loved snack foods.

The chicken wing first evolved from soup stock staple to American delicacy in 1964. John E. Harmon， in his Atlas of Popular Culture of the Northeastern United States， points to the Anchor Bar in Buffalo， N.Y. as the birthplace of wings. In 40- plus years， chicken wings have become a truly all-American food， showing up on dinner tables， at neighborhood bars， and in chain restaurants， pizza joints and even restaurants where the wings themselves are the focus.

Pace Foods has improved on the original formula for chicken wings with a recipe that combines the spice of Pace Picante Sauce， the sweetness of honey and the zest of fresh ginger to create Hot `nHoneyed Chicken Wings.

"Pace Picante Sauce isnt just for dipping，"said Chris Foley with Pace Foods. "A recipe like Hot `nHoneyed Chicken Wings， which combines sweet and spicy flavors of the Old Southwest and the Far East， shows how versatile， and yet how easy， it can be in cooking."

With this recipe， Pace Foods had taken the delicacy created in snowy Buffalo and made it the perfect summer food.

鸡翅越来越成为美国人最喜欢的小食品。1964年的时候它首先是在汤里出现的。John E. Harmon在他的美国东北部通俗文化地图集里指出鸡翅已经成为全美真正的食物，它在晚餐桌上，在邻居酒吧里，在连锁餐饮店里，在比萨店里，甚至在一些餐馆里它是主打菜。

美国爱国者巧克力PatriotTruffles

Try our delicious European truffles. Our Swiss trained chocolatier starts by importing the finest raw chocolate from Switzerland. Our cocoa beans are roasted by artisans who use centuries-old， closely guarded techniques. We then use the freshest creams， fruit purees， pure cocoa butter and nuts to create the most flavorful of fillings.

This gift box of premium Chocolates contains 36 pieces （1 lb） of assorted chocolate truffles with delicious fillings such as mint， peanut butter， raspberry puree， orange， caramel and hazelnut to name a few. Beautifully packaged， these premium chocolates are packed fresh and delivered directly from Cherry Moon Farms with your personal message.

这些巧克力原料是从瑞士进口的上好的原巧克力。巧克力豆要经过工匠烘烤，这是一个百年的老工序，一直被继承了下来。然后用最新鲜的奶油，浓水果汁，纯可可油和坚果来做最可口的夹心。

美国 Alagnak Wild River（奔河）

Alagnak Wild River is located in the beautiful Aleutian Range. The river provides unparalleled opportunities to experience the wilderness of the Alaska Peninsula.

The Alagnak Wild River， designated as a wild river by Title VI， Section 601（25） and 603（44） of ANILCA， preserves the upper 56 miles of the river in a free-flowing condition， and protects the river and its immediate environments for the benefit and enjoyment of present and future generations. The river is managed free of impoundments and diversion， inaccessible by road， its shorelines primitive and its water unpolluted. The Alagnak is the most popular fly-in fishery in southwest Alaska， and has experienced a significant increase in use over the last several years. The Alagnak Wild River protects populations of all five species of pacific salmon， was well as significant rainbow trout， arctic char， arctic grayling， and northern pike populations. The increasing sport fishery on the river is a topic of concern to many subsistence users and other local residents.

夏天是美国人旅游的好季节

Its summertime， and the livinis easy. For many Americans， this is the season to travel. Why？ Because school is out. Because the weather is great. And most of all， because we all deserve a break. When Americans take a break， they often head for their favorite vacation spot.

Throughout their history， Americans have been people on the move. The early immigrants had to travel to get to the New World. Once they arrived， they settled along the East Coast. But they werent content to stay there. Explorers and traders journeyed to the unknown western territories. Later， settlers moved west to develop these new areas. As a result of this westward migration， Americans eventually occupied the whole continent-from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Even today， Americans seem unable to stay put. Research says that the average American moves every five years.

Besides their habit of changing addresses， Americans are used to traveling. Some people make long-distance commutes to work daily. Their jobs may even require them to take frequent business trips. Most companies provide an annual vacation for their employees， and people often use that time to travel. Some people just visit friends or relatives in distant states. Others go on low-budget weekend excursions and stay in economy motels. Those with more expensive tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels. Camping out in the great outdoors appeals to adventurous types. Some travel in recreational vehicles （RVs） to camp out in comfort， while others "rough it"by sleeping in tents.

Most Americans prefer to travel within their nations borders. Why？ For one thing， its cheaper than traveling abroad， and theres no language problem. But besides that， the vast American territory offers numerous tourist attractions. Nature lovers can enjoy beaches， mountains， canyons， lakes and a wealth of natural wonders. Major cities offer visitors a multitude of urban delights. The convenience of modern freeways， railways and airplanes makes travel in America as easy as pie.

Many American vacations are as unique as the people who take them. Families often plan their trips with the kids in mind. More and more "family friendly"vacation resorts offer special programs for children. History buffs seek out famous historical sites and museums. Environmentalists prefer "green vacations."These trips allow them to observe flora and fauna up-close without disturbing the sensitive balance of nature. Some people find sea cruises relaxing and refreshing. Others hit the water to go fishing， skiing or white-water rafting. Daring souls get the thrill of a lifetime on trekking expeditions and safaris in remote places from Africa to Asia.

Americans arent the only people in the world who travel. International business， mass communication and jet airplanes have created a world of globetrotters. People all over the world enjoy going abroad to travel. And no matter where they live， people enjoy visiting scenic spots in their own country. But being on the go makes Americans what they are： people on the move. In America， almost every-body is a tourist sometime.

夏天到了，生活很惬意。对很多美国人来说，这是个旅游的季节，为什么？因为学校放假，因为天气很好，但最重要的是，休个假是我们所应得的。美国人休假时经常会去他们最喜欢的渡假地点。

纵观整个历史，美国人一直是个迁移的民族。早期的移民者必须长途跋涉才能抵达新大陆，他们一到达就沿着东岸定居，但却不满于长居那地，冒险家和商人旅行至未知的西部地区。稍后，移民者也向西迁移去开发这些新地区。由于向西迁移，美国人最后占据了整块新大陆——从大西洋到太平洋。即使到今天，美国人似乎仍然无法在一地久居。根据研究，美国人平均每五年要搬一次家。

除了搬家的习惯以外，美国人也很习惯旅行。有些人每天上下班得做长距离的通勤，工作上甚至经常需要因公旅行。大部分的公司每年会提供年假给员工，人们通常会利用这段时间去旅行。有些人去远一点的别州拜访朋友或亲戚，有些则在周末有个经济的小假期，并住在花费不高的旅馆里。品味较昂贵的人选择豪华的渡假地点和饭店；绝佳的户外露营则吸引冒险型的人。有些人开着旅行车出游，以舒适的方式露营；有些人则睡帐篷尝试野外生活。

大部分美国人比较喜欢在国内旅游，为什么呢？其中一个原因是，国内旅游比国外旅游便宜，也没有语言不通的问题。但除此原因以外，占地极广的美国国土提供了许多能吸引游客的地点。爱好大自然的人可以到海滩、山上、峡谷、湖泊和很多大自然奇景地区游览。大城市也提供给游客们很多都市型态的娱乐。现代高速公路、铁路和飞机使得在美国旅行很容易。

很多美国假期非常特别，和参与此种假期的人一样特别。全家出游时通常会将孩子考虑在内，有愈来愈多「适合全家出游」的渡假地点为孩子提供特别的活动。对历史有兴趣的人会找一些著名的历史据点和博物馆。有环保意识的人喜欢「环保假期」，这样的旅行使他们能近距离观察动植物，并且不会扰乱了大自然敏感的生态平衡。有些人觉得海上旅游能使心情放松并感到清爽，有些人则到水边钓鱼、滑水或泛舟。胆子大的人到亚洲和非洲去探险狩猎作长途旅行，享受一辈子难得一次的刺激。

美国人不是世上唯一爱旅行的人。国际企业、大众传播与喷射机创造了一个环游世界者的世纪。全世界的人都喜欢到海外旅游，不管住在那里，人们都喜欢去造访自己国家内风景优美的地区。不过好动的本性使美国人变成今天的模样：成为爱迁移的人。在美国，几乎每个人都有旅游的经验。

美式食物：吃什么就成为什么样子

"You are what you eat."Nutrition experts often use this saying to promote better eating habits. What we put in our mouths does become a part of us. But we can look at this statement another way. What we eat reflects who we are——as people and as a culture. Do you want to understand another culture？ Then you ought to find out about its food. Learning about American food can give us a real taste of American culture.

What is "American food"？ At first you might think the answer is easy as pie. To many people， American food means hamburgers， hot dogs， fried chicken and pizza. If you have a "sweet tooth，"you might even think of apple pie or chocolate chip cookies. Its true that Americans do eat those things. But are those the only kind of vittles you can find in America？

Except for Thanksgiving turkey， its hard to find a typically "American"food. The United States is a land of immigrants. So Americans eat food from many different countries. When people move to America， they bring their cooking styles with them. Thats why you can find almost every kind of ethnic food in America. In some cases， Americans have adopted foods from other countries as favorites. Americans love Italian pizza， Mexican tacos and Chinese egg rolls. But the American version doesnt taste quite like the original！

As with any large country， the U.S.A has several distinct regions. Each region boasts its own special style of food. Visit the South and enjoy country-style cooking. Journey through Louisiana for some spicy Cajun cuisine. Take a trip to New England and sample savory seafood dishes. Travel through the Midwest， "the breadbasket of the nation，"for delicious baked goods. Cruise over to the Southwest and try some tasty Tex-Mex treats. Finish your food tour in the Pacific Northwest with some gourmet coffee.

Americans living at a fast pace often just "grab a quick bite."Fast food restaurants offer people on the run everything from fried chicken to fried rice. Microwave dinners and instant foods make cooking at home a snap. Of course， one of the most common quick American meals is a sandwich. If it can fit between two slices of bread， Americans probably make a sandwich out of it. Peanut butter and jelly is an all-time American favorite.

Americans on the go also tend to eat a lot of "junk food."Potato chips， candy bars， soft drinks and other goodies are popular treats. Many people eat too many of these unhealthy snacks. But others opt for more healthy eating habits. Some even go "all natural."They refuse to eat any food prepared with chemicals or additives.

American culture is a good illustration of the saying "you are what you eat."Americans represent a wide range of backgrounds and ways of thinking. The variety of foods enjoyed in the U.S. reflects the diversity of personal tastes. The food may be international or regional. Sometimes its fast， and sometimes its not so fast. It might be junk food， or maybe its natural food. In any case， the style is all-American.

"你吃什么就成为什么样子"营养专家经常使用这句话来倡导更好的饮食习惯，入嘴的东西确实成为我们的一部分。但我们也可以从另一个角度来看这句话，我们所吃的反映出我们自己——不论就人或文化而言。你想了解另一种文化吗？那么你应该去认识他们的食物。认识美国食物可以让我们得知美国文化的精髓。

何谓「美式食物」？乍听之下你可能认为答案容易得很。对许多人而言，美式食物就是汉堡、热狗、炸鸡和披萨。如果你是好吃甜食的人，你可能会想到苹果派或巧克力片饼干。美国人确实吃这些东西，但这些就是你在美国唯一找得到的食物吗？

除了感恩节火鸡以外，挺难找到典型的美国食物。美国是个移民之地，所以美国人吃的食物来自许多不同的国家，当人们移居美国，他们也将自己的烹调带了进来。那也就是为什么在美国你几乎可以看到所有不同民族的食物。在某些情况中，美国人把外国的食物视为最爱。美国人喜爱意大利的披萨，墨西哥的玉米饼和中国的春卷，但是这些东西的美国版味道却不很道地！

和许多大国一样，美国有数个截然不同的地区，每个地区都以自己特有的食物夸口。走访美国南部享受乡村式的烹调；到路易斯安纳州品尝辛辣的凯郡式料理；走一趟新英格兰试尝它美味的海鲜；再到中西部「美国的面包之乡」品尝可口的烘培食品；乘船游览至西南部尝试一些好吃的墨式德州小吃，最后到太平洋西北岸，啜饮美食家的咖啡，作为美食之旅的句点。

生活在快速步调之下的美国人通常只能「很快地吃几口」。快餐店提供赶时间的人各种食物，从炸鸡到炒饭，应有尽有。微波炉晚餐和实时餐点使得在家烧饭省事又快速。当然，最平常的美式速餐之一就是三明治。任何能夹在两片土司中间的东西，美国人就可以把它作成一份三明治，花生酱和果酱更是一直都深受美国人的喜爱。

忙碌的美国人也趋向于吃一大堆「垃圾食物」。洋芋片、糖果、汽水和其它好吃的东西都颇受欢迎。许多人吃了太多这类不健康的零嘴，但是其它人则选择较健康的饮食习惯，有些人甚至选择「全天然」的食物，他们拒绝吃任何有化学制品或添加物的食物。

美国文化是「你吃什么就成为什么样子」这句话的好写照。美国人代表了范围广泛的背景和想法。在美国可享受到的各式食物正反映出个人品味的多样化。这食物可能是国际性也可能是地区性的；有时是快餐，有时也不见得；它可能是垃圾食物，也可能是天然食品。然而无论如何，它们都是美式的。

[美国独特文化作文及翻译

同学们，生活中最重要是什么?当然，肯定是安全!为了安全期间，那就应该学会自我保护才行。大家在家里的家人的保护。可是，你想过吗?在外面怎么办?所以每时每刻都要小心。

Students,

what is the most important thing in life? Of course, it must be safety! In order

to be safe, we should learn to protect ourselves. The protection of everyones

family at home. But have you thought about it? What to do outside? So be careful

all the time.

每天有多少事故发生。有的车祸而死亡，有的因火灾而死亡，有的……在今年寒假，我就亲眼目睹了一次意外。那天妈妈带我去看太公，有一辆摩托车在我面前开过，那坐着4个人，并且开的很快。前面忽然又开出一辆摩托车来，那时他不停的踩刹车。已经没用了，世上已经又消失了一个生命了。他的`命还很长啊!为什么那么快就死亡呢?那都是不小心造成的。

How

many accidents happen every day. Some died in car accidents, some in fires, some

During this winter vacation, I witnessed an accident with my own eyes. That day,

my mother took me to see Taigong. There was a motorcycle driving in front of me.

There were four people sitting there, and they drove very fast. Suddenly another

motorcycle came out in front of him. At that time, he kept stepping on the

brake. Its useless. Theres another life gone. His life is still very long! Why

did he die so soon? It was all caused by carelessness.

世界上的事故有多少不是不小心造成的?只要我们学会交通安全，那就一定能打败不小心的!

How

many accidents in the world are not caused by carelessness? As long as we learn

traffic safety, we can defeat carelessness!

我们是新时代的接班人，是国家的希望和未来。所以，就让“安全”着两个字永远牢记在我们心中吧!

We

are the successor of the new era, the hope and future of our country. So, let

the word "safety" be remembered in our hearts forever!

1Learning Style

Educators have known for a long time that people learn in different ways. That is why teachers present information in various forms. For example, as well as explaining a new language, language teachers often provide other learning experiences such as books, charts, videos, audio cassettes, songs, debates and group work. In this way, all students in a class have an opportunity to learn in the way that best suits them.

In the last 50 years or so, researchers have been studying learners in an attempt to identify all the possible learning styles that humans use. They have found that we can very roughly divide people into three groups — those who learn best through seeing, those who learn best through listening and those who learn best through moving, doing or touching.

Some research has identified eight distinct learning styles, and researchers have made up tests to find out which of these learning styles best suits different people. These tests show that, although most people have one dominant style of learning, they are also able to use other learning styles effectively. Some people even seem to have many different learning styles.

The advantage of knowing what kind of learner you are is that you can then study in the way that best suits your learning style.

教育工作者已经认识很长一段时间,人们以不同的方式学习。这就是为什么老师以各种形式呈现信息。例如,以及解释一个新的语言,语言教师经常提供其他学习经验,如书籍、图表、视频、音频磁带、歌曲、辩论和组工作。通过这种方式,一个班上所有的学生有机会学习的方式最适合他们。

在过去的50年左右的时间,研究人员一直在研究学习者为了识别所有可能的学习方式,人类使用。他们发现,我们可以大致将人分成三组——那些最好的学习方式是看到,那些最好的学习方式是听和那些最好的学习方式是移动,或触摸。

一些研究已经确定了八种不同的学习方式,和研究人员组成测试找出哪种学习方式最适合不同的人。这些测试表明,尽管大多数人有一个占主导地位的学习风格,他们也能够使用其他有效的学习方式。有些人甚至似乎有许多不同的学习风格。

知道你是哪种类型的学习者的优势是,你可以研究的方式,最适合你的学习方式。

2learning chinese style

As we know,Chinese is one of the most beautiful languages all over the world,the words of which are also more beautiful than any other languages.The difference between Chinese words and other languages is that Chinese words are square.Chinese culture is rich,such as poems,handwriting,songs and so on.

What you should do is that you ought to read as much as possible if you feel like learning Chinese well,then you can write down a read report,which is good for your Chinese ability.And the more history you read ,the better your Chinese ability is.Whatmore,attending a lecture is also a good way to improve your Chinese.

正如我们所知,中国是全世界最美丽的语言之一,这句话的也比其他语言更漂亮”。中国语言和其他语言的区别是,中国的话是方形的。中国文化丰富,如诗歌、书法、歌曲等等。

你应该做的是,你应该读尽可能多的如果你觉得学习中文,然后你可以写下阅读报告,这有利于你的中文能力。和历史你读得越多,你的中文能力越好。什么力度外,参加讲座也是一个很好的方式来提高你的中文。

3My English learning style

I personally think that English is difficult to learn English,I love english.I have been learning English is very serious.Although my English is not the best,but I will try todo it better.

I remember once,my English homework unfinished remember words one morning,I get up early to recite words,although I was very tired but English is a cumulative process.My English is so serious about.

This is my study of English style!

我个人认为英语是很难学习英语,我爱英语。我学英语非常严重。虽然我的英语不是最好的,但我会努力做得更好。

我记得有一次,我的英语作业未完成的记住单词一天早上,我早起背诵单词,尽管我很累但是英语是一个累积的过程。我的英语是如此的认真。

这是我学习英语的风格!

[学习英语作文带翻译

In China, every year the Spring Festival every household this paragraph of time is the most busy time. My house is no exception.

On New Years eve the day before, and I will help with the preparation of the New Years eve: mothers and grandmothers made cleaning, reception guests, making dumplings, etc. Although the work is very tired, but it can be fun, especially when making dumplings.

The freshness of color of beautiful dumpling seems very simple, actually it can be complicated. Want to ready before the first flour and water, and together, hard rub, rub, pressure, and then roll them with a rolling pin into sheets thin wrappers. I am after some efforts, finally rolling out the first doing the wrappers! I gently lay it in my hand, lest it accidentally broken. The wrappers already all finished! Should now start to prepare the dumpling stuffing. Mother used to hide minced meat chopper hemp slip, grandma washing at the celery. My task, at the end of the eighteenth pork with celery and celery to make pork filling. In a short time, the stuffing dumpling also completed. The work are done by those who experienced the aunt, we only waiting for the second day of New Years eve children taste the delicious dumplings!

Finally the long-awaited New Years eve! The grandmother home is full of relatives and friends, you gather around the big round table, eat family reunion dinner and our dumplings package yesterday. Men drink, women watch Spring Festival gala, the children are clamour to set off firecrackers in the courtyard, been very busy.

In the day, because of last night, shou sui, I the whole morning in bed asleep and wake in the mind still thinking about last night and friends to play.

This is a full of the flavor of traditional culture is very happy New Years eve!

在中国，每年春节的这段时间正是每家每户最热闹的时候。我家也不例外。

在除夕的前一天，我就帮着妈妈和外婆做除夕的准备：打扫卫生、接待客人、包饺子什么的。这些活儿虽然很累，但是做起来可好玩儿了，尤其是做饺子的时候。

那些色鲜味美的饺子一个个看似十分简单，其实做起来可复杂了哩。先要把之前预备好的面粉和水和在一起，使劲儿的揉、搓、压一番，然后用擀面杖把它们擀成一张张薄薄的饺子皮儿。我经过好一番努力，终于擀出了第一张自己做的饺子皮!我把它轻轻地摊在手上，生怕它一不小心破掉。饺子皮已经全部完工!现在应该开始好好地准备饺子的馅儿了。妈妈用菜刀麻溜地躲着肉末，外婆则在一旁洗着芹菜。我的任务呢，十八猪肉末和芹菜和在一起，做成猪肉芹菜馅。不一会儿的工夫，饺子馅儿也全部完工。剩下的工作就由那些经验丰富的舅妈们来完成，我们小孩子只等着第二天除夕品尝美味的饺子了!

终于到了期盼已久的除夕夜了!外婆家里聚满了亲朋好友，大家围在大圆桌四周，吃起了团圆饭和我们昨天包的饺子。男人们喝酒，女人们看春晚，小孩子们都吵着闹着要到院子里放鞭炮，真是热闹极了。

到了大年初一，由于昨夜守岁的原因，我整个上午都赖在床上睡着懒觉，心里还想着昨晚和小伙伴们打闹的情景。

这真是一个充满传统文化气息的十分快乐的除夕夜!

导语：在中国文明五千年和汉语三千年的历史长河中，中国成语故事璀璨夺目，蔚为壮观，它是文明的积淀，汉语的精华，智慧的结晶，文化的瑰宝。以下是小编为大家精心整理的关于陶渊明的不为五斗米而折腰的故事，欢迎大家阅读参考!

【出处】《晋书·陶潜传》：“潜叹曰：‘吾不能为五斗米折腰，拳拳事乡里小人邪!’”

【释义】五斗米：晋代县令的俸禄，后指微薄的俸禄;折腰：弯腰行礼，指屈身于人。比喻为人清高，有骨气，不为利禄所动。

【原文】

陶潜，字元亮，大司马侃之曾孙也。祖茂，武昌太守。潜少怀高尚，博学善属文，颖脱不羁，任真自得，为乡邻之所贵。尝着《五柳先生传》以自况曰：“先生不知何许人，不详姓字，宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。闲静少言，不慕荣利。好读书，不求甚解，每有会意，欣然忘食。性嗜酒，家贫不能常得。亲旧知其如此，或置酒招之，造饮必尽，期在必醉。既醉而退，曾不吝情。环堵萧然，不蔽风日，短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空，晏如也。常着文章自娱，颇示己志，忘怀得失，以此自终。”其自序如此，时人谓之实录。

以亲老家贫，起为州祭酒，不堪吏职，少日自解归。州召主簿，不就，躬耕自资，遂抱羸疾。复为镇军、建威参军，谓亲朋曰：“聊欲弦歌，以为三径之资可乎?”执事者闻之，以为彭泽令。在县，公田悉令种秫谷，曰：“令吾常醉于酒足矣。”妻子固请种粳。乃使一顷五十亩种秫，五十亩种粳。素简贵，不私事上官。郡遣督邮至，县吏白应束带见之，潜叹曰：“吾不能为五斗米折腰，拳拳事乡里小人邪!”义熙二年，解印去县，乃赋《归去来兮辞》。

【历史典故】

陶渊明，又名陶潜，是东晋著名的诗人、辞赋家和散文家。他出生在一个没落的官僚家庭中。他的曾祖父是东晋著名的大将军陶侃，但到他这代，陶家已经败落，生活贫困。尽管如此，从小陶渊明还是受到了良好的家庭教育，他博览群书，养成不爱慕虚荣、不贪富贵的高洁性格。

义熙元年(405年)，陶渊明在朋友的劝说下，出任彭泽县令。到任八十一天，碰到浔阳郡派遣督邮来检查公务，浔阳郡的督邮刘云，以凶狠贪婪闻名远近，每年两次以巡视为名向辖县索要贿赂，每次都是满载而归，否则就栽赃陷害。县吏说：“我们应当穿戴整齐、备好礼品、恭恭敬敬地去迎接督邮。”陶渊明叹道：“我岂能为五斗米向乡里小儿折腰。”意思是我怎能为了县令的五斗薪俸，就低声下气去向这些小人贿赂献殷勤。陶渊明不为五斗米折腰的典故

于是，陶渊明在出任彭泽令八十多天后，就离开衙门，收拾行装，返回家乡，从此过起隐居生活。对于官场，他丝毫没有眷恋之心，反而有一种重获自由的怡然自得。他每天饮酒写诗，过着世外桃源一样的清闲生活。

【成长心语】

名利本为身外物，却让许多人乐此不疲地执著追逐，正所谓“名利本为浮世重，古今能有几人抛”。但是，陶渊明做到了，他用自己的行动告诉我们，名利并非人生全部的追求，我们不应为名利而活，被名利驱使。淡泊不是不思进取，不是无所作为，不是没有追求，而是以一颗纯净的心灵对待生活与人生的欲望和诱惑。在顺境中不得意忘形，身处逆境时不枉自菲薄，宠辱不惊，悉由自然。这样就会使你真正地享受人生，在淡泊中充实自己。

我的妈妈是一个普通的老师。她总是把她的学生放在最重要的位置。乍一看，她和别的人没有什么不一样的。 但后来你会发现她是如此有责任心。在我的心目中，她是很伟大的。周末的时候她总是在家里备课。有时候她甚至叫学生到我们家来免费补课。她的学生都很喜欢她。有时候我都差点要嫉妒她的学生了。幸好我慢慢还是很关心我的。她把她所有的时间都花在我们家和她的学生身上，却不给自己留一丁点时间。她是如此的伟大，我为她感到骄傲;我爱她。

In my mind, the hometown of the four seasons is the most beautiful.

Spring, the weeping willow germination by the river, peach blossom, also the water in the river is flowing quietly. "Quack" to call the frog, birds in the branches sang excitedly. My brother and I just want to skip stone, a fragrance fragrance pubi, aunts, what flowers? We ultimately, oh! It was the white pear flower opened in the yard.

Summer, lush trees, cicadas keep call, home of the "dark" have to put the pink tongue out. Stream of lotus opened, open very fragrant, so gorgeous, like drops of water drops are rolling dew on a lotus leaf, like a broken line pearls, like a fish out of a bubble.

Autumn, fruitful, jujube on jujube cooked, showing a sweet smile; Apple is red, the child to eat later, cheek is red; Persimmon persimmon fruits in the tree, like a red lanterns... Farmer uncle too, pick the fruit with the basket.

In winter, as the snow falling from the sky, at that time, naughty children playing in the snow. Suddenly, the snow more brothers and sisters, snowflakes fall on your clothes, shoes... When you erase the naughty little snowflake, it has turned into a small water droplets.

I love home, love the hometown of the four seasons!

在我的心目中，家乡的四季是最美丽的。

春天，河边的垂柳发芽了，桃树也开花了，小河里的水静静地流淌着。青蛙在“呱呱”地叫，鸟儿们在枝头兴奋地唱着歌。我和哥哥正想打水漂，一阵香味芬芳扑鼻，姨，什么花开了?我们顺藤摸瓜，噢!原来是院子里的雪白的梨花开了。

夏天，树木茂盛，知了叫个不停，家里的“黑黑”不得不把粉红色的舌头伸出来。小河里的荷花开了，开的那么芬芳，那么绚烂，荷叶上的滴滴水珠像正在滚动的露珠，像断了线的珍珠，像鱼儿吐出的泡泡。

秋天，果实累累，枣树上的枣子熟了，露出了甜甜的笑脸;苹果红彤彤的，小孩子吃了以后，脸蛋也红了;柿子树上的柿子熟了，像一火红的灯笼……农民伯伯乐得合不拢嘴，挎着篮子摘果去。

冬天，鹅毛般的大雪从天而降，这时候，调皮的小孩子在雪地里玩耍。忽然，雪的兄弟姐妹多了起来，雪花落到你的衣襟上，鞋上……当你擦掉着调皮的小雪花时，它却变成了小水珠。

我爱家乡，更爱家乡的四季!

Today, I went out with my best friend. When we arrived at the park, it

rained. We had to run in the rain because we couldnt find a place to hide. But

we still feel happy because we could comfort each other. The rain stopped later

and I accompanied her go home. We played in her home for a while and she invited

me for dinner. I refused because I feel it will bring trouble to his family. I

am happy today because the new term is coming. I really want to see my

classmates again

今天和最好的朋友一起出去玩。我们来到公园后，却下起了好大的雨。我们无处可躲。在雨中奔跑着。可是我们却很高兴。因为有彼此的安慰。过了一会，雨停了。我陪着她回家。然后在她家玩了一会，他留我在那里吃饭。可我拒绝了，因为有些不好意思。今天我很快乐，马上就开学了，真想快点见到同学们。

I have rested for 10 days. In these days, I felt very bored. I didn’t know

to do what. Although I had a lot of things to do, I felt uncomfortable. I was

ill because of the hot weather. I was tired, sleepy and had no strength. My

parents are worried about my health. in fact, it didn’t matter. I was always in

the room with air-conditioner and opened it in a low temperature. So when I went

out, the high temperature disagreed to me.At last, I was ill.

我已经休息了10天。在这些日子里，我觉得很无聊。我不知道做什么。虽然我有很多事情要做，我觉得不舒服。我是因为炎热的天气而生病。我累了，困了，没有实力。我的父母担心我的健康。事实上，这并不重要。我总是在房间里有空调，并在低温下打开了它。所以，当我走了出去，高温不给me.At最后，我病了。

I like reading, reading can bring me happiness, and let me learn a lot

of interesting knowledge. I like to read story books best, such as journey to

the west. The Monkey King in this book is clever and brave, not afraid of hard

work, protecting his master, he is a responsible person. And is "journey to the

west" one of the four great classics? Is it interesting? Do you like reading

books?

我喜欢读书，读书能给我带来快乐，并且让我学到很多有趣的知识。我最喜欢看故事书，比如《西游记》，这本书里的孙悟空聪明勇敢，不怕辛苦，保护自己的师傅，是一个负责的人。并且《西游记》是四大名著之一，是不是很有趣？你喜欢看书吗？

My hometown four island ring, beautiful scenery. I love the weather, hot summer, love it fallen leaves of autumn, I love snow of winter, but the more love the beautiful spring.

The spring flowers in full bloom, the hometown of hillside orchard is full of flower, a beautiful apple blossoms, pink peach blossom, beautiful pear flower... Flowers to greet the arrival of spring, sending out the aroma. Attracted a lot of bees, dance around the flowers.

The river willows new shoots in spring breeze blowing, like a fly on the sky, the birds fly freely in the air, the river little tadpole looking for mom.

Grass, a group of lovely children happy flying a kite. Only beautiful kite flying in the sky, suddenly, lively up in the sky, the eagle kites, small fish kite... A bird in the sky as if to say: "seem more a few friends."

The distant fields, the farmers took advantage of the good times busy sowing in spring, they play is not only a seed, but of hope.

Hometown spring is beautiful!

我的家乡四周山环，风景美丽。我爱它的天气，炎热的夏天，爱它落叶的秋天，也爱下雪的冬天，但更爱美丽的春天。

春天百花盛开，家乡的山坡上的果园里开满了花，有美丽的苹果花，粉红的桃花，漂亮的梨花……花儿迎着春天的到来，散发着香气。吸引了许多的蜂儿，围着花儿翩翩起舞。

小河边的柳树抽出新芽，在春风吹拂着，像飞上了天空，小鸟在空中自由飞翔，河里的小蝌蚪在找妈妈。

草地上，一群可爱的小朋友在高兴的放风筝。一只只美丽的风筝飞上了天空，顿时，天空中热闹起来了，有老鹰风筝，有小鱼风筝……天上的小鸟好像在说：“好像多了几个朋友。”

远处的田野里，农民趁着春天的大好时光忙着播种，他们播的不仅是种子，而是希望。

家乡的春天真美啊!

月色中，南山下，一位披着蓑衣的老人正在踏着歌儿回家。

夜如此静谧，月如此明亮。这位老人的心情如此畅快，他执著于对田园的向往，对自然美好风光的追求。

“菊，花之隐逸者也”

他也曾带着梦想走向官场，想尽自己的力量为国尽忠报效，但他终于看清官员之间的勾心斗角尔虞我诈，他心寒了，毅然选择了归隐于南山下过着自己的田居生活，也许无宽床暖枕，也许无山珍海味，但他不后悔，依然平静淡雅地生活着。

向往陶渊明，我学会了选择，学会了放弃。我也更执著于自己的梦想和追求。

“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。”

我眼中的陶渊明过着让人羡慕的生活：早晨伴着晨露去锄草耕作，傍晚又伴着余霞放歌回家。晚上在自家庭院采菊品茶，悠闲地抬头远望南山，享受着采菊的快乐，享受着欣赏南山美景时的闲适，享受着鸟儿结伴回巢时的温馨。

向往陶渊明，我学会了欣赏身边的景色，用心去体味快乐与幸福，热爱大自然美好的风光。

“童孺纵行歌，斑白欢游诣。”

我心中的陶渊明虽然过着幸福的田园生活，但他没有忘记社会的黑暗，也没有忘记因战乱而流离失所的难民，他也时时在牵挂着社会，他常用诗句来抒发自己内心的情愫，表达对贫民的同情对战争的憎恶。

向往陶渊明，我学会了关心他人，不能只顾自己的快乐幸福，更懂得了无论在任何时候都要心系民生。

It was sunny today. I was excited. I got up at a quarter to seven. I made a

appointment to meet at nine o’clock. After I had my breakfast, I went to the

Wanjia Market . It was hot outside. When I arrived, my friends didn’t arrive. I

waited for him in front of the KFC’s door. I haven’t seen them for a year. And

in a year, we didn’t come into contact with others frequently. About ten minutes

left, my friends arrived one by one. After we greeted,we went to play basketball

in Liwan Gymnasium. The match last for tow hours.Oh!I fill very happy today!

这是今天阳光明媚。我很兴奋。我得到了在六时四十五分。我的任命，以满足九点钟。之后，我有我的早餐，我去了万家市场。这是热外面。当我到达，我的朋友们并没有达成。我等待着他前面的肯德基的大门。我还没有看到他们为一年。并在一年内，我们没有接触到其他人频繁。约10分钟离开，我的朋友们来到一个又一个。在我们迎接，我们去打球荔湾体育馆。这场比赛最后的拖车小时.Oh

，我非常高兴今天填补!

Twinkling of an eye, I have been looking forward to the winter holiday is coming, but I want to customize for myself a little plan, now let me introduce for everybody!

In this winter vacation, Im going to learn some extra-curricular knowledge, enrich their own imagination. I need to finish the winter vacation homework, finish the teacher assigned tasks. I have to help mom necessities and ready to prepare for the holiday. I also want to help with cleaning, so, the guests come to our new home, the will see a white as the mirror, a new family. I also prepared in this summer holiday, to save money for himself, to help the children in the disaster areas.

This is my plan.

转眼间，我一直期盼的寒假来临了，但是我要为自己定制一个小计划，现在我来为大家介绍一下吧!

在这个寒假里，我准备多学习一些课外知识，丰富自己的想象力。我还要按时完成寒假作业，按时完成老师布置的任务。我还要帮助妈妈准备年货，好准备过年。我也要一起帮忙大扫除，那样，客人来我们家里拜年的时候，才会看见一个洁白如镜，崭新的家庭。我还准备在这个暑假里，为自己存钱，帮助灾区的小朋友们。

这就是我的计划。

This years New Years day is really busy! The street people mountain people sea, beaming, decorating. Some people carry the bags to visit family and friends, to new area; Some people around together, talking and laughing, laugh with, some people wearing beautiful clothes, walking in the leisurely. The square festival of lights shine as bright as day. Every family hangs red lanterns, every family clean thoroughly, spotless.

In the evenings, fireworks in full bloom, firecrackers chorus. Beginning of the firecrackers. Where can hear the laughter of people. The family sat down to eat dinner, appear close thick, feel happy.

In mingle, firecrackers, laughter, a New Years day is spent in happiness.

今年的元旦可真热闹!大街上人山人海，喜气洋洋，张灯结彩。一些人提着大包小包去走亲访友，去拜年叙旧;一些人围在一起，有说有笑，笑声此起彼伏，一些人穿着漂亮的衣服，在悠闲地散步。节日的彩灯把广场照耀得如白昼一般明亮。家家户户都挂着大红灯笼，家家都打扫得彻底，一尘不染。

到了晚上，礼花怒放，鞭炮齐声。劈劈啪啪的鞭炮声络绎不绝。在什么地方都能听到人们的欢声笑语。一家人坐在桌前吃年夜饭，显得亲意浓浓，其乐融融。

在说笑声、鞭炮声、欢笑声中，一个元旦节就这样幸福地度过了。

陶渊明迷上了菊花,在东园辟了个花圃，专门用来栽培菊花。凡经过渊明亲手莳弄过的菊花，株株壮健，枝枝挺拨，花色艳丽，更奇妙的是一般菊花通常是春生夏长，秋季开花，而渊明的菊圃之中，几乎一年四季都有菊花在盛开，一茬接着一茬，可以说是常盛不衰，四季如秋。每当秋风一起,东园中的菊花竞相开放，花朵黄白相间，青红错杂，引得满园蜂蝶纷飞。一些倾慕者又给渊明加了一个雅号，尊称他为“菊仙”，也有人暗地里称他为“菊痴”。

大诗人陶渊明酷爱菊花，菊花是经得起秋后风霜摧折的花卉，象征着高洁的品格。陶渊明生活在晋宋易代的乱世，不满当时的政治倾轧和官吏的腐败，也有高洁的品格，正和菊花的精神契合。他辞去官职，回到家乡柴桑隐居，在宅旁东篱边种了许多菊花，朝夕观赏。他的名句“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”，历来为人传颂。陶渊明喜欢喝酒，可是因为家贫，时常缺酒。那年重阳，陶渊明在篱边赏菊，却没有酒喝，不能一醉，他只得采了一把菊花在手里，嗅嗅嚼嚼，聊以为遣。然而菊花毕竟不能代酒，陶渊明正在百无聊赖的时候，忽然远处来了一个白衣人，那人原是江州刺史王弘派来的差人，特地送酒来给陶渊明的。陶渊明喜出望外，立即打开酒瓮，对着菊花开怀畅饮，尽醉方休。

我从来没有想过这么薄的一本书被称为麦田里的守望者对我的影响如此之大。这让我感到非常震撼。读完这本书,我引起了许多想法。

在今天的文学世界中,《麦田里的守望者》被公认为一个现代经典。读完这本书,成年人可以增加青少年的理解,年轻人可以增加他们的未来生活的理解。不管谁读了这本书，都能提高他们对现实的警惕性。它也能让你轻松地选择一种自力更生的方式。

这本书给我们讲述了一个深刻的意义故事。这部小说，霍尔顿痛恨所有虚伪的东西，并真正想要追求纯粹的现实。因为他的社会的发展,他最后提交到开发过程的社会现实。它深深地显示孤独,失落,痛苦的年轻一代在二战后在美国成长

嗯,我认为,尽管霍尔顿习惯看到资产阶级社会的现实,他必须与现实社会承诺到最后,他也有很多勇气试图反抗虚伪的世界。如果我们想要改善世界的进程，就应该建立这种精神。

现在,我们生活在一个国家,在伟大的改革,一切都在改变的过程中发展。嗯,随着我们国家的发展,人们的思想也在改变。与此同时,许多人的思想开始困惑和沮丧。他们忘记了最初的梦想，也没有逐渐的热情。所以,在最后,他们开始渴望平庸和无事可做。

也许我们可以从这本书中学到自己的影子。在某种程度上,它反映了青少年的许多特征,我们也可以看到社会的阴暗面。材料的进步,精神世界是不可避免地产生一些变化。在那个时候,我们需要的是一个变化,可以使我们的梦想变为现实。因此,我们应该做的是不希望,不等待,不纯,但从现在开始,从自己开始努力,小心你的最初的梦想。你会尽自己最大的努力去创造你想要的生活。

Ground rules

One of my favorite teachers at Southeast Missouri State University in Cape

Girardeau was known of his droll sense of humor. Explaining his ground rules to

one freshman class, he said, "Now I know my lectures can often be dry and

boring, so I don‘t mind if you look at your watches during class. I do, however,

object to your pounding them on the desk to make sure they‘re still

running."

参考翻译

基本原则

位于吉拉多海角的密苏里东南州立大学有一位我非常喜欢的老师，他奇特的幽默感很是出名。在对一个新生班级讲解他的基本原则时，他说：“我知道我的讲课可能经常会枯燥乏味，了无生趣，所以如果你们在上课时看表我并不介意。不过我坚决反对你们将表在课桌上猛敲看它们是不是还在走。”

陶兄：

久仰你大名了，今日我有幸给你写信，真是人生一大乐事啊!也劳您在百忙之中指教一二。

近日，我拜读了您的大作，深深地被您不为五斗米折腰的性格所震撼;也深深地羡慕您“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的清闲;更深深地被您的“衣沾不足惜，但使愿不讳”所折服。

您的大作无不表现出您对现实生活的不满，对田园生活和隐居生活的向往。酒，是你的钟爱;诗，是您精神的寄托;菊，是您品格的化身。

您居陋室而不悲，因为那里没有现实生活中的污浊;您常常食不果腹而不躁;因为你有精神食粮。

我对陶兄您十分敬佩，您是我心中的偶像。因为你如菊一般，是位隐士。但我不明白，一味的隐居会解决问题吗?隐居，在我看来就是逃避。为什么不学莲，出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖!为什么不学梅“孤芳自傲”!与其逃避，不如面对，与那污浊的社会一搏，留下千古美名。

我还有一事向请教陶兄。酒，乃文人墨客皆爱之物。苏轼有“明月几时有，把酒问青天”;曹操“酾酒临江”，赋诗写出“对酒当歌，人生几何”;边塞诗人有“葡萄美酒夜光杯”……但到最后，哪个不是“借酒消愁愁更愁”呢?既然如此，为何要靠酩酊大醉来增加自己的痛苦呢?陶兄，您也是诗坛之中爱酒之人。您能告诉我原因吗?您是否亦是为了逃避而用酒来麻醉自己呢?用酒来控诉自己处境的不平吗?还是用酒来寻求那短暂的快感呢?

若我所问有不当之处，还望陶兄您能勇敢地面对现实，成为污浊社会中的一枝菊花，一枝独秀。

人各有志，只要您认为自己所为没有违背自己的原则，也就此生无憾了。

陶兄，打扰了，就此搁笔。

此致

敬礼!

您的仰慕者：朱江鹏

my plan of next year

a new year ，a new start，when i stand on the edge of a new year，i can’t help thinking about my plan of next year.

but ，what i really decide to do is that i must make good of anytime i can spare though it seems impossible. while，i will do my best to live up with what i have planned，and the result will prove it！

我明年的计划

新的一年，新的开始，当我在新的一年的边缘立场，我不禁在想我明年的计划。

正如古人云：“。好开始是成功的一半“，所以我决定，我应该是在工作，而另一些性传播疾病就会放松，然后，在开始时，我比其他人更快，我当然会得到比别人更好的结果。

但是，我真正决定做的是，我必须利用好，我可以随时备用，虽然它似乎是不可能的。虽然，我会尽我所能，用我生活已计划了，结果将证明这一点。

Nowadays university graduates have different job outlooks. For most of them, to find a job with satisfactory pay is their most important wish while majority want to be self – employed. However, a certain number of graduates are not in a hurry to hunt for jobs. They are just waiting for better chances. Toward this point of view, some experts warn that it is not wise to be just waiting. They advise that graduates should find a regular, full-time job as quickly as possible so that they can earn money to support themselves and get working experience, which will help to find a better position later. Moreover, it might be more difficult to find a satisfactory job next year.

如今大学毕业生的就业前景不同。对于大部分孩子来说，要找到一个令人满意的支付工作是他们最重要的希望，而多数是希望能够自我 - 就业。但是，一定数量的毕业生不急于寻找就业机会。他们只是在等待更好的机会。对这一观点，一些专家警告说，只是等待这是不明智的。他们提醒毕业生应该找到一个正规，全职工作，以便尽可能快的挣钱来养活自己和获得工作经验，这将有助于找到更好的更高的位置。此外，明年可能更难找到一个称心如意的工作。