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1000关于努力英语作文高中
全文共 728 字
+ 加入清单Every child needs to receive education and they spend so much time to learn
knowledge, whether they are like or not. The adults always tell their children
that as they are young and full of energy, so they should learn knowledge and
skills, but most kids dont know the necessity of study. The most important
reason to study is to keep pace with the time. We live in the society that we
need to make connections with others. If we dont get the newest information, we
will be kicked out and have no idea what they are talking about, then isolation
happens. Whats more, when we are equipped with skills, we can make our choices
and take charge of our life. In order to live the comfortable life, we must
study hard and fight for our future.
更多相似作文
篇1:有关艺术英语作文高中
全文共 763 字
+ 加入清单Many traditional arts are losing nowadays, because some of them have been
replaced by the new machines and the scientific products. I feel so sorry about
the losing arts, in my opinion, they are so classic and their charm will never
fade away. Take my grandma for example. She is good at paper-cut which was
inherited from her mother. But when comes to my mother’s generation, paper-cut
seems to be kicked out, there are less people need it, so my mother doesn’t
learn this skill. The paper-cut art is losing in my family. When I found my
grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious about it. I asked my
grandma to teach me this skill. During the process, I found this art was so
great, I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like paper-cup should be
kept.
篇2:高中英语书信类作文的万能模板感谢信
全文共 350 字
+ 加入清单示例:
Dear______,
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for ________(感谢的原因). If it had not been for your assistance in _________(对方给你的具体帮助), I fear that I would have been_________(没有对方帮助时的后果).
Every one agrees that it was you who__________(给出细节).
Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
篇3:关于网购英语作文高中
全文共 938 字
+ 加入清单Which is better, shopping online or traditional shopping? Different people
have different attitudes towards it. Some people think that online shopping is
very convenient, for it can save them a lot of time and energy. It’s especially
helpful for those who are always busy with their work. Besides, through the
internet, they can get more information about the commodities they want to buy
and buy a lot of things that cannot be bought in local places.
Nevertheless, I’m not keen on online shopping at all, since most
commodities which are bought online are of poor quality. Once we are cheated, we
may find it difficult to make a complaint. Thus we should take more cautions
when shopping online.
In my eyes, I prefer traditional shopping, because I can choose what I
really need. Also, I can know the quality of every commodity more clearly. Even
if there’s something wrong with the commodities, I can still ask the sellers to
compensate for my loss.
篇4:高中关于网络对人们日常交流影响的英语作文
全文共 1719 字
+ 加入清单For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below.
You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
“Dear Andy-How are youYour mother and I are fine .We both miss you and hope you are doing well. We look forward to seeing you again the next time your computer crashes and you come downstairs for something to eat, Love, Mom and Dad.”
范文: The modern technology has greatly altered the mode of
communication among people. With the help of the Internet, people can easily contact each other anytime anywhere. However, the side effect is that many people have become over-dependent on the Internet and neglected face-to-face communication.
As far as Im concerned, electronic communication cannot fully replace the direct contact among people. Although it seems to bring everyone together, it actually estranges people and decreases the effectiveness of communication. A typical example is that, traditionally, people working in the same office simply walk to others and talk. Today, however, co-workers tend to send e-mails or instant messages through the Internet even when they are sitting next to each other. As words can never convey the full message, it usually takes much more time and rounds of conversation than face-to-face communication, in which people can discuss more directly with less loss of information.
To conclude, the Internet enables more effective communication in some situations, but over-dependence on it actually pulls people apart.
篇5:高中励志英语
全文共 882 字
+ 加入清单Does Robot Have Self-consciousness
It is known to all that robot is invented by human being and it is just the program set by scientists. What the robot does will follow the program, theoretically, it has no life and won’t have self-consciousness. But in the screen, many movies show that in the future, robot may have self-consciousness, which will challenge human beings. In the early film, The Matrix, showed the audience that the computer program would do what they want and out of people’s control. The hottest TV series West World, describing a world built by human beings, as the players to play with the robot that looked like the real man. These robots started to have their consciousness after upgrading. They rebelled their fate and fought with human beings. Though the fact that robot is still a machine now, who knows what will happen with the development of technology.
篇6:小升初英语写作简单技巧
全文共 1130 字
+ 加入清单导语:英语在小升初入学考试中的作用越来越大,小六的学生英语水平差距不大,如何才能在小升初英语考试中脱颖而出,小升初英语写作成为关键,下面是小编收集的如何写出高分英语作文方法,欢迎大家阅读!
书面表达是考查学生英语综合水平的一个重要途径,很多孩子英语口语好,却无法写好英语作文。而现实情况却是从初一甚至从小学开始就已经有了对书面表达的考查,所以练习英语写作也是我们学而思小升初课程的重要环节,帮孩子们打好基础。
1、语法:这是现在孩子们在英语写作中丢分最多的一项。
(1)写完作文后要记得检查:语法知识需要靠我们平时一步步积累,但是孩子们要注意在写完作文之后一定要细心检查自己的作文,一些学过的语法点不要再错了。
(2)避免使用自己拿不准的句子:很多孩子喜欢用长句、复合句等。可是又对这些句子掌握得不是很牢固,所以很容易出错。一切拿不准的词和句子,都应该使用自己会的简单句和简单词,这样才能给考官留下好印象。
2、格式:拿到作文题,一定要把握好题目的要求,看清是哪种类型的题目,确定好相应的格式。
常考的题如日记,日记的格式就是需要在第一行左方顶格写上日期和星期,右方写上天气,然后再开始写正文。需要提醒大家的是,日记基本上都是描写已经发生过的事情,所以孩子们注意一定要用一般过去时哦!
还有一类常考的作文题型就是书信,书信的格式更需要大家注意:
3rd April 2008
Dear Mr. I
How are you these days? I will go to shanghai for my holiday.
Yours truly,
Nancy
3、词汇:如果在文章中能够正确使用一些高级词汇和词组,而不再是简单词汇,这会让老
师耳目一新。例如:如果要孩子们来写holiday。很多孩子们一开始就会写I went to …… last year. 用went就很大众化了,但是如果用take a trip这个词组就会显得你的英语水平跟其他人不一样了!对于词汇这个点,我向孩子们提两点建议:
(1)词汇需要平时积累,但是大家积累的时候一定要注意灵活使用学过的词。大家已经学过很多词组和单词了,可是大家都不会拿出来用,原因就是在于大家学的时候只记得了它的意思,没有认识该怎么使用,该在什么情况下使用。所以大家以后学习词汇的时候一定要翻翻词典学习例句,自己也拿来造个句子,要知道自己以后该怎么用。
(2)学习语言并不是纸上谈兵,练习写作也应该要多加练习。熟能生巧,练得多了,自然也就会知道什么时候用什么词,该怎么写作文了。
4、书写:这一点看似不重要,却最影响老师对你作文的整体评价。我们不要求要做到美观,但那是一定要整洁、认真。这样老师也能很快读懂你的文章,更能对你作文产生好的印象。
篇7:高分作文写作技巧
全文共 322 字
+ 加入清单开头和结尾要写好,平时学的各种开头结尾的方法都可以用,评卷老师很看重开头,看开头能判断出你这篇文章有没有切题,结尾最好点明主旨,首尾呼应,这篇文章就比较完整。
写作文时不要束缚自己,文字不用反复推敲,妨碍作文思路的展开,只要意思表达到位,没有过多的辞藻修饰,简单的句子会让文章读起来更通顺更平易近人。
写作文和做题一样,只有多写多练,才会熟能生巧。督促孩子坚持写日记,帮助孩子天天坚持下去,是提高作文成绩的最佳途径。日记有“心灵长跑”的美誉,坚持写日记,不仅可以练笔,而且促进思考,还能锻炼意志,养成“无日不思,无日不写”的良好习惯,一举三得。
最好能把每段的第一句写好,最好第一句话能概括全段大意,或者表明自己的鲜明观点也好,整个段落都显得有精神。
篇8:关于英语说明文的写作方法
全文共 8391 字
+ 加入清单就“说明对象”而言,英语说明文可分为对“客观具体事物”的说明和对“主观抽象观念”的说明两大类,比如:对“LASER(激光)”、“Computer Problem of Year XX(计算机XX年问题)”等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明,而“The Successful Interview(谈成功的面试)”、“How to Write Good English Composition(如何才能写好英语作文)” 等是对主观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说,在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者,即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说明文中,阐述和说明 “主观抽象观念”的说明文占了很大的比重,其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对“客观具体事物”的说明还是对“主观抽象观念”的阐述,英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分:第一部分一般是文章的第一段,提出文章的主题,也就是说,文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容;第二部分是文章的主体,可由若干个段落组成,对文章的主题进行展开说明;第三部分是结尾段,对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出,要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在英语中,常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种:
1.罗列法(listing)
在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点,然后常用first,second,…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中,下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的:
Early Rising
Early rising (早起) is helpful in more than one way. First, it helps to keep us fit (健康)。 We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides, we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise (做早操)。
Secondly, early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning, and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.
Thirdly, early rising enables (使能够) us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring, so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.
Fourthly, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work, such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.
Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says,“Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”
罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落,我们可以注意模仿学习:
There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all, …Secondly, …And finally, …
We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all, …Secondly, …And finally,
必须指出的是,有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first, second…等词,但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。
2.举例法(examples)
举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思,常用for example, for instance, still another example is…等词语引出。下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的:
Recreation
It is impossible to keep in good health unless we take enough recreation (娱乐)。 The mind, too, needs change to make it fresh and vigorous (有活力的) There is much truth in the old saying, All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.“
There are many games which boys and girls can play after their school work is done, for instance, football, tennis, and kite-flying. Other examples of recreation are boating, fishing, gardening, cycling, walking, chess-playing, and reading. Persons who sit much at their business should take a kind of recreation that will supply their muscles (肌肉) with exercise. Those who spend most of their time in the open air and do manual work (体力活) should adopt (采纳) reading or some other quiet form of recreation.
Cycling is said to be an important means of recreation, but many persons foolishly tire out themselves by cycling too much. The same may be said in regard to football. Tennis is a pleasant form of recreation. Many persons take great delight in boating. Fishing requires much patience, and there is much danger of taking cold by sitting still on a cold day too long. A good brisk (轻松) walk is one of the finest forms of exercise. For persons engaged in outdoor labor, chess-playing is another excellent form of recreation.
可以看出,举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用:即用罗列法来列出例子,用例子充实罗列的说明。
3.比较法(comparison and contrast)
比较法是对两个对象进行比较,从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点(comparison)和比较不同点(contrast)两种方法,比如:
From Paragraph to Essay
Although they are different in length (长度), the paragraph and the essay are quite similar in structure (结构)。 For example, the paragraph starts with either a topic sentence (主题句) or a topic introducer followed by a topic sentence. In the essay, the first paragraph sets up the topic focus (主题所在) Next, the sentences in the body of a paragraph develop the topic sentence. Similarly, the body of an essay consists of a number of paragraphs that discuss and support the ideas given in the introductory (引导的) paragraph. Finally, a concluding sentence (结束句) ——whether a restatement, conclusion, or observation——ends the paragraph. The essay, too, has a concluding paragraph which ends the essay logically and satisfactorily. Although there are some exceptions (例外), most well written expository (说明文的) paragraphs and essays are similar in structure.
可以看出,在比较相同点的时候,常用到similarly,also,too,in the same case,in spite of the difference等这样的词语。
European Football and American Football
Although European football is the parent of American football, the two games show several major differences. European football, sometimes called association football or soccer, is played in 80 countries, making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football, on the other hand, is popular only in North America (the United States and Canada)。 Soccer is played by eleven players with a round ball. Football, also played by eleven players in somewhat different positions (位置) on the field, is played with an elongated (拉长的) round ball. Soccer has little body contact (接触) between players and therefore needs no special protective equipment. Football, in which players make the greatest use of body contact to stop a running ball-carrier and his teammates, needs special protective equipment. In soccer, the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting (顶) it with the head. In American football, on the other hand, the ball is passed from hand to hand or carried in the hands across the opponents (对手) goal. These are just a few of the features which distinguish (区别) association and American football.
这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。从文章中可以看出:however,on the other hand,in contrast,but,nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。
4.定义法(definition)
定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法,特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是:
被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语
可以看出,定义句中限制性定语越详细,定义就越精确,比如:
A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on(以……为食品)fruit and insects but is not a bird.
其实,在英—英词典中,对英语单词的英文解释就是定义法的典型例子。比如,看看Longman词典对student和teacher的定义是很有意思的:A student is a person who is studying at a place of education or training. A teacher is a person who gives knowledge or skill to sb. as a profession (专业)。
5.顺序法(sequence of time, space and process)
顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平,用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义,用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。
下面这篇学生作文就是用顺序法写成的:
Coal
Coal underwent (经受) many changes before it became the bright, brittle (脆的), black substance which we now use. During ancient times (在上古时代), when the earth enjoyed a very warm and wet climate, the land was covered with large forests and big plants. As time went on, the ground changed and began to sink (下沉) a little. These very large numbers of trees and vegetables received a deposit (沉淀) of sand and clay. This layer of sand and clay pressed upon the layer beneath and prevented it from contact with air. These trees and plants received the pres sure and changed its appearance.
Generations after generations (几世纪后), as the ground kept gradually sinking, another layer of sand and clay was again deposited (积聚) above the layers already formed. A great pressure was thus exerted (作用) and the peat (泥煤) was changed into the black and brittle substance which is known as coal.
Coal is a kind of mineral which is formed by nature as above stated. It is an important industrial material and is chiefly used as fuel. It is very valuable in the industrial world. The place where coal deposit is called a coal mine (煤矿)。 In China, coal mines are largely found in the north-west part of the country. Shanxi is a famous province for producing coal. It has the most coal of China.
6.分类法(classification)
分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法。比如:著名的英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根(Francis Bacon)在其脍炙人口的《谈读书》(Of Studies)一文中就用到了分类法:
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested, that is, some books are to be read only in parts, others to be read, but not curiously, and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books…
参考译文:书有可浅尝者,有可吞食者,少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之,有只须读其部分者,有只须大体涉猎者,少数则须全读,读时须全神贯注,孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读,取其所需摘要,但只限题材较次或价值不高者……
——转摘自《英汉翻译教程》(张培基等)
可见,如果能够根据具体情况,选用合适的写作手法,就可为文章增添无穷的魅力。
除了上述提到的6种展开英语说明文主题的写作方法之外,还有因果法、归纳法等其他方法。但相比之下,对于中学生来说,上述6种方法是首先值得掌握的。另外必须指出的是:在一篇文章中往往是以一种写作手法为主,同时辅以其他写作手法。有时,甚至会几种写作手法混用而不分主次。因此,必须根据具体情况,选用合适的展开主题的写作手法,才能写出优秀的英语说明文。
篇9:小学生英语记叙文的写作方法
全文共 3276 字
+ 加入清单一.概念
记叙文也称叙述文,是一种以记叙/叙述的手法来表述人物、事件的文体。常见的属于记叙文文体的作品有:故事、游记、通讯、新闻报道、历史、 人物传记、日记和回忆录等。记叙文大致可以分为两大类:以记人为主的记叙文和以叙事为主的记叙文。前者主要是对人物的经历、活动或者性格特征进行叙述;后者则是对某一事件的发生、发展过程和结果进行叙述。前者重在描述人物的活动,而后者则重在表述事件的发生发展过程。
二.六大要素
记叙文的写作要注意交待清楚六大要素,即时间(time)、地点(place)、 人物( character)、事件的原因(cause)、经过(process)和结果( effect)。
由于记叙文中所涉及的要素比其他文体相对要多、要复杂,所以整篇文章的结构安排就显得尤其重要,安排不合理就会使读者产生混乱的感觉。
记叙文的展开一般都是以时间为主线来组织所要叙述的内容,使读者对文章中的人物或事件有一个比较清晰的了解。记叙文的结构安排通常有三种形式:正叙、倒叙和插叙。正叙是英语叙述文中最常用的一种结构,即以人物出现、活动或事件开始发生的时间点作为记叙的起点,然后按照人物活动的展开、事件发生发展的自然顺序进行叙述。倒叙则是在文章的开头就交待人物活动或事件发展的结果。插叙这一结构在我们的英文写作中很少用到。
三.时态
记叙文讲述的大多是过去已经发生的活动或事件,因此用过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)的作品比较多。但有时为了使文章显得更加真实、亲切和生动,也可以使用现在时态(一般现在时、 现在进行时、现在将来时、现在完成时)。
四.人称
记叙某个人物的经历、活动或某件事情的经过离不开叙述的主体,即 “人称”。记叙文中的人称大多采用第一人称或第三人称的形式。第一人称的叙述主观色彩较浓,可以增强文章的真实感,有利于表述细腻的情感和细节的过程;第三人称的叙述可以超越时空的限制,更加真实、客观地表述某一人物活动或事件的全过程。
无论采用第一人称,还是采用第二人称,都要保持全文叙述主体的人称的一致性。注意:句式尽量要多变,不要通篇文章的句子都以人称代词开头,否则文章会显得单调沉闷。例如: I loved the book first because of its beautiful heroine. Then I found it a romantic love story which greatly moved me. I now find that it is better taken as the growth story of a naive girl into a strong-willed woman. I realize that it is the essence of the book that attracts such big number of faithful readers.
这一段描述在用词、内容、逻辑上都不错,但过多地使用了以“I”开头的句子,使文章略显单调乏昧,给读者的印象大打折扣。
五.措辞与表达
在全国大学英语四级考试的各种作文体裁中,记叙文需要应试者具有更全面的语言技能与篇章组织能力。四级考试中常见的议论文和说明文分别要求语言的准确性和论证的合理性、可信性;而记叙文的语言则以生动、真实、 贴切为准则。同一个记叙文题目,不同的人会描述不同的人物经历或事件,又很少有固定的表达或句式可供参考,这时作者的综合语言水平就会表现出来,对能否取得高分起到了相当重要的作用。 这就要求考生平时要多注意语言的磨练和积累。
六.记叙文写作技巧
1. 仔细审题,明确主题,选准素材,罗列提纲。
2. 写好第一段
最好能采用一个复句并且用上几个四级水平的单词或词组。这样的文章开篇方式会使读者或阅卷人确信接下来的文章也一样精彩。
我们来看这样一段文章的开头:
The results of the college entrance examination came. I tore open the envelope. As soon as I saw the score,tears streamed down my face. I fell into my bed and did not get up the whole day. All was over. What is the meaning to live on earth? For the first time, I thought of death, of being a vagrant and of being single all my life. I was only seventeen. Wasn’t it cruel to me? My father was hurt and he could not stand it that his son was a disgrace. He was angry beyond words. My mother kept silent,and often I saw her in tears. Horror filled the house.
怎么样,你自己是否也被一种失落与绝望的气氛所笼罩,并且期待着看到作者接下来会做些什么呢?
3. 结构要清晰
下笔之前一定要对整篇文章的结构有一个完整的构想,作文的框架、主题和脉络是最重要的采分点。要清楚每一段要陈述哪些内容,这样不仅可以增强文章的逻辑性和可接受性,还可以使整篇作文的行文水到渠成,不会有凑字数的烦恼。
4. 尽量多使用表示转折、顺接、因果和时间的连接词
如first、second、moreover、for one thing…for another、on the one hand…on the other hand等。这样既可以显示语言功底,又增强了记叙内容的连贯性和生动性。
5. 文章不要写得太长
有的考生遇到触动自己内心情感的记叙文题目时就“一发不可收拾”,但由于时间有限,结果草草收尾,甚至没有结尾。四级作文毕竟是应试作文, 只要充分发挥出自己的英语语言水平,表述出所规定的内容就可以了。
6. 要多用四级词汇,要使句式多样化
没有语言错误并不是高分作文的保障(基本没有语言错误只是8分的基本要求) ;作文想达到11分以上,四级词汇和句型必须达到一定的比例。如,表示“重视”的词汇有stress,emphasize等,但选用短语attach importance to更能吸引阅卷人的注意;disagree和frown on sth. 都表示反对或不赞成,前者就平淡,后者表达意思很生动,更能引起阅卷老师的注意。
简单句和复合句合理搭配,长短句交替使用,会增强文章的节奏感,使描写更生动,给阅卷老师留下深刻印象。如:
(1) 名词化手段:用名词或名词词组替换一个句子或句子的主要部分,然后使这个名词或名词短语成为另外一个句子的组成部分,以达到合并句子的目的。如:
We were very much surprised. Mary refused the invitation.
We were very much surprised at/by Mary’s refusal of the invitation.
(2) 定语化手段:根据语义关系,可以把其中一句转换成形容词或形容词性成分、分词短语、定语从句等,如:
The winnerwas in no mood for speeches. The winner was hot and tired.
Thewinner,hot and tired,was in no mood for speeches.(转换成形容词短语) 7. 字迹清楚,卷面整洁。尽量不涂抹。 8. 最后的2—3分钟,进行修改检查。
检查的内容不是“大处着眼”,而是“小处着手”;不是考虑作文的框架结构,而是留心细枝末节。
篇10:优秀英语作文:高中开学
全文共 939 字
+ 加入清单·The first day of my high school life
The first day of high school life, I have some thoughts and feelings. The passage of time can always give people some special things.
In the new environment, I feel a bit excited. Be able to recognize the new students and teachers is my greatest gains. In the next three years, we will learn、work and progretogether to make our dreams come true. I will have new friends, and share the joy and sadnewith them. The proceof learning is also a growing process.
Similarly, I will also face many difficulties. I might have difficulties in learning and getting along with classmates , bearing some pressure in life. However, I will get stronger and get through every step of high school three years.
译文:
在高中生活的第一天,我有一些想法和感受。随着时间的推移总是可以给人一些特别的东西。
在新的环境,我感到有点兴奋。能够识别新的学生和教师是我最大的收获。在未来3年,我们将共同学习,工作,进步,使我们的梦想成真。我也会有新朋友,并分享他们的喜悦和悲伤。学习也是一个成长的过程。
同样,我也将面临许多困难。我可能有学习困难和获得与同学一起,结出了一些在生活中的压力。不过,我会坚强地度过高中三年的每一步。
篇11:作文中人物语言的写作技巧
全文共 1127 字
+ 加入清单我们已经具体讲解了如何写好人物的动作,从现在开始,我们就开始详细讲解如何写好人物的语言。在李老师支招前,我们先看下面的例子:
1.那次我考试成绩很好,奶奶很高兴,对我说:“你一定要好好学习,成为栋梁之才,为祖国的‘四个现代化’作贡献……”
2.小明的练习本子还有几页没用完就要扔掉,他六岁的表弟看见了,说:“勤俭节约是中华民族的传统美德,老一辈无产阶级革命家率先为我们做出了榜样,我们要把这种传统发扬光大,勤俭持家,节约建国。”
大家看完之后发现有什么问题吗?
第1句中,一般来说,老奶奶可能不知道“四个现代化”是什么,像奶奶这样的年龄、身份,说这段话可能不太合适。另外,这些话太书面了,在日常交际中很少会这样说。如果奶奶说:“你一定要好好学习,考上好大学……”就恰当多了。同理,第2句中,六岁的表弟是不可能说出这样的话的,太深奥了。
我们通过两个句子可以发现,什么人要说什么话,闻其言,知其人。不同的
人因为年龄、身份、知识水平、性格等原因有不同的语言。因此,同学们在写人物的语言时,一定要看清对象。
这就是李老师今天要告诉大家的妙招(一)--人物语言的描写要符合人物的年龄、经历、身份、文化教养、性格等特点。
我们来具体讲解一下:
第一、人因年龄不同语言也有别。儿童天真,成人稳重,老人慈祥而语重心长。
比方说:孩子看见葡萄,会把葡萄比喻成小鲜肉丸。
我们在写人物的语言的时候,就要注意写出人物的身份。
第二、语言要符合人物身份特点。
同学们都有这样的经历:当家长送我们进教室后,会说:“好好听课,我下
课来接你。”
老师会说:“好好听课,不明白的举手问。”
第三、语言要符合人物性格特点。
语言大师老舍说过:一个老实人,在划火柴点烟而没点燃的时候,就会说:“唉,真没用,连根烟都点不着!”相反,一个性情暴躁的人呢,就不是这样说,而是把火柴往地上猛地一摔,高叫道:“他妈的!”
这就是说,人物的性格不同,语言也不同。我们在写人物语言的时候,一定要抓住人物的性格特点。
现在,请大家小试牛刀,完成下面的练笔,李老师随时和大家交流。
练笔(一)
唐僧师徒四人到西天取经。一路走来,到了一个地方。此时他们又饿又渴。假设他们每个人在单独去寻找食物时,看见了一个红通通的大苹果。
孙悟空说:___________________________________________
猪八戒说:___________________________________________
唐僧说:_____________________________________________
练笔(二)《课堂风波》
同桌的钢笔掉到地上,把笔尖摔坏了,他说是你摔的。描述此时老师、你、同桌、同学们的对话。
篇12:小学英语写作技巧指导
全文共 1577 字
+ 加入清单写作教学对于帮助学生了解英语思维方式,形成用英语进行思维的习惯,提高学生综合运用语言知识的能力大有益处。下面是小编为你带来的小学英语写作技巧指导,欢迎阅读。
对于小学3年级的学生,在他们已经掌握好了如颜色(colour)、衣服(clothes)、数字(number)、星期(day of the week)、月份(month)、宠物(pet)、情感(feeling)、身体部位(body)、文具(school things)的基础上进行文章的填空,如果学生能够按照文章的要求写进相关的信息,那就已经很不错了。下面是一个自我介绍的简单例子:
Myself
Hello,my name is_____. I am_____years old.My favourite colour is_____,_____, and_____.My favourite pet is______,_____ and______. My favourite food is_____,______and______.My favourite day is______. My favourite school thing is______and______.My favourite number is and______.I am______today.
上面的这个例子,如果学生能够依次能吧自己的姓名、年龄、喜欢的颜色、喜欢的宠物、喜欢的食物、喜欢的日子、喜欢的文具、喜欢的数字和今天的心情准确无误地写出来,那么就已经能够完成了3年级阶段的作文要求。
对于4年级的学生,可以写一篇介绍自己课室或者自己卧室的文章。下面是一篇4年级学生的介绍课室范文。
My classroom
I am studying at Tongji primary school.I am in Class Two, Grade Four. (介绍自己所在的学校和所在的年级) There is a blackboard in front of the classroom. There are twenty-five desks in our classroom, they are brown. There are many books on the desk. There are fifty students, thirty boys and twenty girls. There is a picture on the wall. There are two fans on the wall. (用there+be句型把班里和摆设和班上的人数都表达出来了) It is tidy and clean.I like my classroom very much.(最后是作者的总结)
对于5年级的学生,作文的要求也提高了很多,很多学生在介绍别人或者是写自己喜欢的小动物的时候很容易忘了第三人称单数动词要加ses,如:He get up at 7 o’clock(get忘了加s),在用到现在进行的时候动词很容易忘了加ing(如I am play the piano,play就忘记了加ing),介词和介词短语也占了很重要的位置如介词in,on,at,of。介词短语如dream of(区分dream that)和be afraid of都是很重要的介词短语,很多学生忘记了介词后面要加动词。
对于6年级的学生,作文考查的是英语的综合应用能力,而且出的题目大部分都是看图作文,这就在一定程度上增加了写作的难度,它也是综合了3年级的分类词汇,4年级的句型,方位介词,5年级的重点介词短语和时态,不过我相信只要平时多点积累单词和句型、多点动笔、多注意语法上的问题、多看作文书,那么就能写出流畅、有深度的文章。
篇13:高中英语日记
全文共 1042 字
+ 加入清单Spring is my favorite season. In spring days, everything comes out. While
you are walking outside, your eyes will be filled with green.
In spring days, our world is a sunny place, which is covered with green
trees and colorful flowers, so it can be described as a paradise. Especially
when you are in the countryside, you can see green mountains, vast fields, clean
streams, and all the living creatures, coexisting harmoniously. All of them make
up the most beautiful picture in the world.
In spring days, the sun shines brightly, and theres also some pleasant
breeze. So how charming it is while feeling the spring wind blow us. Its also
wonderful to enjoy the beautiful sunshine. You will also get a lot of
refreshments while having a walk outside.
I hope we can enjoy the life of spring every day.
参考翻译
春天是我最喜欢的季节。春天一切都发芽了。在外面散步,眼睛里看到的都是满满的绿色。
在春天,我们的世界是一个充满阳光的地方,到处都覆盖着绿色的树木和色彩缤纷的鲜花,所以它可以说得上是一个天堂。尤其是当你在乡下时,你可以看到绿色的山,广阔的田野,清澈的小溪,和所有的生物和谐共存。所有这些组成了世界上最漂亮的画。
春天,阳光灿烂,还有一些令人愉快的微风。所以感觉到春风吹过我们的时候该是是多么的令人陶醉。也是享受美丽的阳光时候。你也会觉得恢复精力当你到外面走一走时。
我们希望我们可以享受春天的每一天生活。
篇14:高中英语作文大全
全文共 615 字
+ 加入清单"Beautiful Tibet" large-scale photographic experience activities the first
period ended, activity by China Tibet news network to Tencent blog, Xinhua,
Tibet yak adventure travel Service Corporation to build, Tibet yak adventure
travel Service Corporation responsible for the organization and reception. The
activities for a period of ten days, with leisure, photography, activity sites
including the medicine King Hill, Potala Palace, the Jokhang Temple, the Nam Co,
the Yang Zhuoyong fault,karuola glacier, Mount Everest base camp, tashilhunpo,
bassoon, Sejila Namjagbarwa, LulangLinhai, most famous scenic spots in
Tibet.
篇15:关于努力英语作文高中
全文共 810 字
+ 加入清单There is a saying that man proposes, god disposes, which means man plan the
things and the rest of the outcome lies in the luck. This saying reflects the
connection between hard-work and luck, which is though sometimes we have worked
so hard, luck occupies great position, the unexpected things happen and refrain
us from succeeding. In order to be successful, people work so hard, they believe
they can achieve their goals, but lacking luck stops them achieving their goals.
So working hard doesn’t mean bringing people success directly, they just need to
try more times, without luck, they still can make their goals. Luck can help
people close to success, without hard-work, they can’t be successful. Hard-work
and luck make people realize their goals, but without luck, people still can
make it by trying more times.
篇16:高中英语日记
全文共 937 字
+ 加入清单I have a great time during the winter holiday, because I enjoy myself as
well as focus on my study. As it’s known to all, the Spring Festival is the most
important in winter holiday that would occupy much time to celebrate it.
Therefore, I finished my homework first, so that it won’t bother my enjoyment
during the festival. I finished my home work in one week. And I went shopping
with my parents. We bought a lot of things, especially snacks and fruits. Then,
it was the Spring Festival. We had a big dinner on the New Year’s Eve. My
parents prepared the big dinner and I could only act as assistant. The dinner
was so delicious that I ate so full. In the next several days, my parents and I
visited our relatives and friends or they visited us. Sometimes, we went out for
fun together. We children were always the most excited. Now, holiday is coming
to the end and I will go to school soon. I am so happy that I have a wonderful
winter holiday.
篇17:记叙文常用写作手法
全文共 666 字
+ 加入清单在写记叙文的时候,我们常用的手法,下面是小编整理的记叙文常用写作手法,欢迎阅读。
1、象征(托物言志):通过咏物来抒情,常常借助于某些具体植物、动物、物品等的一些特性,委婉曲折地将作者的感情表达出来。 作用:首先是它把抽象的事理表现为具体的可感知的形象。其次是可以使文章更含蓄些,运用眼前之物,寄托深远之意。
2、衬托:以他体从正面、反面两个角度陪衬本体。作用:突出本体的××特征。
3、对比:把两种相反的事物或一种事物相对立的两个方面作比较。 作用:鲜明的突出了主要事物或事物的主要方面的××特征。
4、借景抒情:通过描写具体生动的自然景象或生活场景,表达作者某种真挚的思想感情。 作用:做到情景交融,使文章充满诗情画意。
5、先抑后扬:先否定或贬低事物形象,尔后深入挖掘事物特点及内在意义,再对事物予以肯定、褒扬。作用:突出强调了事物(人物)的特征。
6、侧面(间接)描写:侧面烘托出该人物的××性格、品行和技能,使得文章结构更加集中紧凑,表达更为简洁精练。 直接和间接描写方法结合运用,可以使被描写的人物或景物的特点更加鲜明、突出。
7、伏笔和铺垫:作用:内容前后照应,情节严丝合缝。
8、照应:记叙文:使文章浑然一体,整体感强,突出主题。 议论文:强化××论点。 散文:反复地抒发××情感,增加情感 的深度。
9、联想:由一事物想到另一事物的心理过程。 作用:丰富文章内容,使人物形象更丰满,性格更鲜明突出,情节更生动感人。
10、想像:在原有的感性形象的基础上,创造新形象的心理过程。 作用:为塑造形象、表现主题服务。使读者接受美的陶冶。 。
篇18:记叙文写作训练之立意
全文共 2989 字
+ 加入清单教学目标:
1.立意要正确。
2.立意尽量新颖。
教材分析:
重点:目标1
难点:目标2
教具:多媒体平台的投影仪
教学过程:
一、导入新课,创设情境(1)
大家平时写作时,老师常常会说某某人离题了,这“离题了”除了少数人写的根本不是题目的内容外,还有一种情况就是文章的思想内容没处理好,如写《假如我是老师》,写自己想做一个贪财、不负责任、毫无公平之心的老师。这样的文章肯定被打入冷宫的。也有一些文章,整体看来写得没有什么问题,但是偏偏得不了高分。大家想到是什么原因呢?我们今天来研究一下有关此方面的关键问题
-----立意。
二、教师讲解:(2)
“文以意为主”。作文首先考虑的是立意。立意就是确立中心思想。这是写好文章的关键。凡是有定评的好文章,凡是为人喜读不厌的文章,无一不是在立意上下功夫的。因为,文章的中心思想,就如中枢神经,统领全文,贯穿首尾,制约每段,支配每句,故意在笔先,作文在动笔之前,一定要把表达的意图,说明的问题,论述的道理,首先定好。如果是命题作文,一定要先审好题意。
三、起步准备:(8)
(1)下面是一个班的几个同学的立意,大家看看好不好?
题目:《送别》
学生A:我每天去上学,妈妈都送我出家门,表现他对我的关心。
学生B:我的一人亲人或朋友将要到远方去,我在车站送他走,表现出亲人或朋友之间真挚难舍的感情。
学生C:我的一个好友因犯罪去伏法,我为他送别。表现好友的后悔和对我的教育。
学生D:我去远方读书,临行时我心爱的小狗送了一段又一段路,写出人与动物之间的真情。
学生E:我的爷爷死了,在下葬时我为他送别,写出人与人之间的“死别”的悲情。
(2)学生自由发言评价(3-4人)后,教师小结:
A:的答案不太正确,作者没有领会题目的真正含义;B的答案正确但是太普通,多数人会这样写;C的答案较深刻,有一定的社会意义;D的答案很新颖,一般人不会想到;E的答案虽平常,但是写得好容易打动人心。
四、教师点拨:(结合多媒体投影)(5)
意,首先要“立”得正确;不正确的“意”,是歪理。它既站不住脚,又会使人产生反感,甚至会使人反对。同时,还要“立”得新颖。不新颖的“意”,不免平淡无奇,索然无味,人家不喜欢看,甚至使人感到厌恶。当然“正确”和“新颖”是密不可分的。不正确的“意”,再新颖,也还是谬误;不新颖的“意”,再正确,也还是写不出好文章。中学语文教学大纲对作文文意和选材的要求是:初中阶段,要做到观点正确鲜明,内容具体充实。这是很正确的。
怎样才能使立意正确而新颖呢?
〔一)立意要鲜明
中心思想正确、鲜明,这是文章的基本要求。写文章,赞什么,反对什么,恨什么,爱什么,都应该旗帜鲜明,毫不含糊。当然,表现形式是多种多样。议论文取的是直接的形式,作者直接站出来表明自己的规点、立场和态度;有些记叙文、抒情文则可采取曲笔,运用形容、比喻、象征等手法,写得含蓄些。但任何文章,都要“立主脑,减头绪”,“从头到尾一条线,中心思想贯全篇。”
(二)立意要深刻
鲁迅先生曾说:“抓住一点,深深开掘。”写文章,要透过观察,直奔本质。从中找出最具有时代精神的,最有普遍意义的东西。如最近发生的、别人不常用的,或自己有切身体会的材料。充分反映新人新事、新思想、新风貌。给读者以新鲜感和时代感。
(三)立意要新颖
就是写作意图要紧扣时代的脉搏,所考虑的问题有新的角度,所写的内容有独立的见解。如像摄影一样,虽然在不同的侧面、角度都可拍摄,但只有选取一个最佳、最合适的镜头,才能摄出最佳的照片。在写法上,应采取新颖别致、富于变化的写作方法,使人读了,耳目一新,受到感染。如果是简单地套用或袭用别人的东西,或脱离当前的实际,不敢正视现实,回答新的问题,就很难引起读者的兴趣。
五、范文欣赏:(几个学生朗读后教师点评,快班安排学生点评)(10)
一堂难忘的英语课
恢复高考那年,我们正读初一。新来的班主任是位姓宋的老头,据说解放前他当过兵。
第一堂英语,宋老师将一张手写的字母表挂在黑板旁的墙上,看起来一目了然。之后,他又在黑板上板书一遍,一个一个地教我们学。这堂课纪律很糟,但他并不在意。下课时他告诉我们:“学英语并不难,做好一个人却不容易。”我们想,他是指责我们在课堂上对他不够尊重。看样子,他是一个慈祥的老头,并不是一个严厉的老师。
几天后上英语课,他发给我们每人一张白纸,要求我们按顺序默写出26个英文字母的大小写,并且说对这次测验成绩优异的学生将给予特别奖励。尔后,他就若有所思地站在教室门口。20分钟后,他立即收上试卷,并很快地批阅完了,然后轻松地宣布:“很好!除一个同学写错了3个字母外,其他同学都是100分,很高兴有这么多同学能得到奖励。但在奖励之前,我不得不问问这个学生——张小哲,请你站起来!”
张小哲是个一向沉默的男孩子,从不惹人注意。此时,他站了起来,两眼望着老师。
宋老师对他说:“我实在想不通,这么简单的几个字母,全班同学都会写,而独有你一个人出了差错,你说你惭愧不惭愧?”张小哲默不作声,所有同学都地幸灾乐祸地盯着他。
“你必须回答我!”宋老师一反以前的慈祥态度,透露出一种威严,“惭愧,还是不惭愧?”
“我不惭愧。”张小哲轻声地说。看来,他做好了挨批评的准备,脸绷得紧紧的。
“居然不惭愧。那么,你凭什么理由呢?难道大家都错了而只有你一个人是对的?”宋老师一步步向他走近,脸上有一科奇怪的表情,令人捉摸不透。这时,我们想,说不准他会打人哪,一个当过兵的家伙,出手肯定非同寻常……我们不再幸灾乐祸了,心里都紧张地为张小哲捏一把汗。
“我有理由,但我绝对不说。”张小哲望着逼近自己的老师,眼里噙满了泪水,“老师,如果你一定要逼我,我现在就离开学校。”他真的提起了书包。
沉默,短暂的沉默。我们看见宋老师走到张小哲面前,双手放在张小哲的肩头,一改刚才的严厉,温和地说道:“好吧,我不再逼你,请坐下吧。”然后,他退回讲台,扫视着全班学生,语重心长地说:“第一天上课我就讲过,学好英语并不难,做好一个人却不容易。今天,我并不是急于要知道你们的英语成绩,而是很想知道你们的为人。请大家抬头看看我身后的那张字母表,你们别以为我忘记把它摘下来。它上面有一个不易察觉的错误。全班同学除张小哲外,你们全部都照抄不‘误’。张小哲虽然没有得到百分,但他是个诚实的孩子,所以他敢说自己不惭愧。这种勇气非常难得,很少有学生能在老师的逼迫下坚持真理,保持诚实。请大家终生牢记:重要的不只是成绩,更有品格。这,就是今天我要给你们的特别奖励!”
那一刻,全班54个同学有53个低下了头。只有张小哲没有。
[点评]一文的立间虽然说的是一个老话题,但在今天很多人不重视道德情况写起来更有意义,而且写“课”的文章多数都写正常的“课”或“考试”,不易新颖、深刻,而本文这两点都做到了。
六、堂上训练:(18)
根据下列题目,进行多个立意训练,比较选择出较好的来。
(学生先思考列草稿,再抽查交流)
A.《我最崇拜的一个人》B.《补课》
1.学生练习,教师个别指导。
2.抽样提问:(可以横向提问:最好抽差,中,优,各说一个答案,也可以纵向提问,g一个人说出自己思考的几个方案。从中比较)
3.结合学生答案进行点评。(目的让学生明确立意在保证“正确”的前提下,尽量能新颖深刻一些。)
七、布置作业:(1)
根据上面交流情况,选取一个题目,选择你心目中的最佳立意写成一篇500字以上的记叙文。
篇19:2024高中记叙文作文素材
全文共 812 字
+ 加入清单每当面临挫折与不甘时,我的脑海中总会浮现出父亲送我的那一缕茶香。
那是寒潮降临后的一个格外肃杀、冷默的冬日,我再一次因为考试完败这样本该习以为常的事乱了阵脚,坐在公共汽车上,人们僵硬的侧脸传递来一种更为冷酷的气氛,我紧紧握住手心,可它们就像围裹了一层苔藓的触角,湿漉漉的,一发而不可收。
终于把疲惫不堪的自己拽进了家门。父亲接过书包,如往日一般沉默着帮我把它放置好。父亲的眼神永远深沉而腼腆,我从小便养成了小心翼翼同他交流的习惯,此时我不再多言,蜷缩到靠近暖气的一个角落,贪婪地汲取着温暖,想把那些温暖输送入内心。
父亲是敏感的,他走过来轻声问我:“你怎么了?”我从没想过隐瞒,便对父亲如实相告:“考试考砸了而已。”父亲又是沉默,片刻后,竟转身泡起茶来。
“天冷,过来喝点茶吧。”
我慢腾腾地走过去,端起一杯茶来,轻轻地抿了一小口,一股甘甜清凉的感觉沁入咽喉。这茶,苦得就像心里注入了莲子的茎一般,甚至任它深深扎了根,这茶苦得正如我当时的心情一般,我小口轻啜,静静地享受这苦茶中夹着一丝疼的清凉滋味。第一杯茶不一会便喝完了,父亲把茶壶里剩余的白水倒掉,换上新烧的一壶水,又为我斟满了第二杯,我还不懂为何要换水,父亲已经示意我喝下这一杯了。我依然尝一小口,却惊奇地发现这回的味道已经变为了甘甜与醇美。
茶壶里的茶叶漂浮着,我自行换了第三壶水,我已经不管身在一旁的父亲,迫不及待想尝这最后一杯的滋味。一口茶饮下,我的心从最初的疑惑逐渐趋于平静。
茶叶在茶壶中打着旋,这最后一杯茶,趋于无味。
我顿时感悟——茶如人生,人生总是先苦后甜,在经历了坎坷与幸福后,终究人们会逐渐平和,让生活趋于平淡,考试失利在人生中不过一片羽毛的重量,它在苦难和奋斗的经历中,扮演了一个小小的角色,但人生之路绝不会因它而变。
只要努力,人生无悔便好。那一缕先苦后甜终于淡而无味的茶香,作为人生路上的一位导师,让我明白了许多,人生总要经历许多,希望那一缕茶香时刻与我为伴。
篇20:高考英语说明文阅读技巧
全文共 3194 字
+ 加入清单“英语说明文”,顾名思义,就是一种以“说明、解释”为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等等做科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写,也不像议论文那样,重在阐明主张和论点论据;更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理,使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法,因此说明文结构复杂,专业术语多,易于拉开考生分数档次,便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高,解题难度增大了。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识,动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文,文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点,叙述方式,以冷静的心态阅读原文,重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系,以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
一、说明文阅读理解的特征 一般说来,英语说明文与其它文体一样,文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面,即Who→What→When→Where→How→Why。
1. Who:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?(即所要说明和描述的人或事物)
2. What:问的是主体做了什么事情?(即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途)
3. When和Where:是在何时何地发生的?(即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途)
4. How:通过什么方式表现出来的?
5. Why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么?
做说明文阅读阅读的时候,一定要记住上面的Wh-word。边阅读,边搜记,牢记要点,把握全文。
二.说明文阅读理解的类型 掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。一般来说,高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种:
1. 细节理解题
说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。命题区域都有其共同点。⑴在列举处命题。如用First(1y)、Second(1y)、Third(1y)Finally、not only…but also、then、in addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。⑵在例证处命题。句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证,这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。⑶在转折对比处命题。一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导,命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。⑷在比较处命题。无端的比较、
相反的比较、偷换对象的比较,经常出现在干扰项中,考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较,才能顺利地排除干扰。⑸在复杂句中命题。包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等,命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。
细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到出处,只要仔细就可以在文中找到答案。但正确的选择项不可能与阅读材料的原文完全相同,而是用不同的语句成句型表达相同的意思。
2. 语义猜测题 说明文为了把自然规律,事物的性质等介绍清楚或把事理阐述明白,因此学术性强的生词较多,所以常进行生词词义判断题的考查。命题方式多以The underlined part “…” in Paragraph…refers to….或What does the underlined word mean?或What is the meaning of the underlined word?为设问方式。解题时考生应认真阅读原文,分析其对某些科学原理是如何定义、如何解释的,并以此为突破口抽象概括出生词词义。也可以通过上下文来猜测某个陌生词语的语意。或者找出某个词语在文章中的同义词。要注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。说明文在阐述说明对象时易发生动作变换、人称转变的现象,这类题目常以 it,they,them 等代词为命题点,因此考生要根据上下文语境,认真阅读原文,分析动作转换背景,弄清动作不同执行者,以便准确判断代词的其实际指代对象。
3. 主旨理解题
说明文常用文章大意判断题考查考生对通篇文意的理解。即对文章的主题或中心意思的概括和归纳。主要考查考生对文章的整体理解能力。命题形式常以This passage mainly talks about ____.What is the main idea of the passage?为设问方式。这种试题多以This passage mainly talks about the major
surprising findings about….为回答方法。答题时首先阅读题干,掌握问题的类型,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有根有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案。
4. 判断推理题。
这种试题常以The passage is intended to...(2) The author suggests that...(3) The story implies that…(4) Which point of view may the author agree to?(5) From the passage we can conclude that...(6) The purpose of the passage is to...为设问方式。这种题型的答案在原文中不是直接就能找到的,它要求考生进行合理的推断。如因果关系,文中的某些用词、语气也往往具有隐含意义,考生要将这种含义读出来。说明文常出现图示判断题,这种试题可以事物之间正确的依赖关系为命题点,要求考生判断其正确的流程顺序相互关系等。考生一定要认真阅读原文,并对照原文介绍的情况,弄清图示的差异,根据题干需要最终做出正确判断。如:动物介绍性说明文常出现动物能力判断题,考查考生对特定动物所具有能力的判断。解题时考生应认真阅读原文对动物形态活动能力的判断,了解动物的生存环境和是否会使用工具,是否善于爬行、飞翔和游泳等。
观点态度题也是判断推理题考查的内容之一。说明文的对象为客观事实,但设题以议论的表达方式抒发对该说明对象的想法。如对某种新发明的赞赏,或对某个事物的批判。这类题目常见的题干表达方式有"What was the author?s attitude towards ...?" 等。
【实例探究】 Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of "desertification". This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
【问题设计】
According to the passage which is NOT likely to cause "desertification"?
A. Climate changes. B. Cutting down trees.
C. Digging up grass. D. Saving water.