初三英语作文how i have changed【合集20篇】

The Olympic Games will be held this year.I am so excited and I think the games will be interesting and also fascinating.But now,the important is,how should we do with the Olmpics if I am a volunteer?To solve the problem will be extremely difficult,because nowadays lots of people devote themselves to society and you can not hold an opportunity easily.So just try my best.

We can go to the English Corner to help them to send some DIY newspapers and go to the neighborhood to tell the stories or history about Olmpics to the people who are curious to learn.Also,we can go on the streets to find the problems such as putting away the trash anywhere,saying out the impolite words.That will be meaningful.I am sure that I will succeed.Believe it,do it!

What will our world be like in 20 years.I can’t imagine. It must change a lot. If I meet myself who comes from the future, I will ask her whether my dream comes true or not.

My dream is to become an excellent interpreter. When I was in Grade 1, I began to study English. At that time, I was so excited for learning a new language. Because of English, I know that America is a beautiful and polite country. From then on, I hope I can speak English very well and have chance travel to America some day.

Nowadays, English is widely spoken throughout the world. What’s more, plenty of people have realized its importance. In order to make my dream come true, I try my best and work much harder. I start to watch America drama to practice my English. And I also read some English books now. I talk with others to practice my oral English as possible as I can. But the path to the success isn’t smooth. Sometimes I want to give up. But it’s my dream, I can’t give up easily. Shelley said” if winter comes, can spring be far behind”

On the other hand, with the development of China, more and more people are interested in our culture. Some enjoy Beijing Opera, some study Chinese Kongfu, some even learn to speak Chinese, etc. As a Chinese, of course I will help them to know more about Chinese culture. I want to be an envoy of cultural exchange between China and America. So if I am an interpreter, I will introduce China to the world. I believe if I work hard enough, my dream will come true.

Yesterday, there was a discusion in our class. We talked about whether we should do housework or not. I agreed with with Sharon. She said,“The middle school students should do some housework. Because doing housework can let our parents feel relaxed. At the same time, doing housework can train us to be more useful.” I think we should do some housework. Doing housework can improve ourselves. But I also think students’ major job is studying. Doing too much housework is bad for our study. So, I think doing housework is good, but at the same time we should pay more attenion to our study. Right?

[Should the middle school students do housework初三优秀英语作文

Its polite to say “thank you” when others help us or say something kind to

us.

Being polite is a good tradition in our country.Nobody likes a person who

is impolite. Its important for us to be polite. We should say “thank you” to

parents when they cook for us. We should say “thank you” when they wash clothes

for us. We should also be polite at school. When the teachers help us work out

questions ,we should say “thank you” to them. When we get bad grades and the

teachers and classmates encourage us, we should say “thank you”. When someone

open the door for us,we should say “thank you”. We should say “thank you” as

often as possible.

If everyone is polite to others,the world will be more and more

beautiful.

Evan is only 6 years old, but he has to travel 20 miles a day to school by bike with his father. The family moved to a new house in March .But no local schools have a place for him , so he has to study at his old school, which is near his old home. Every day ,Evan has to cross the busy roads with his father. The daily trip is so tiring for him that he often falls asleep in school. It seems harder when the weather is bad. The family doesn’t have a car Though there is a bus that could take Evan from the new house to school, the family is too poor to buy bus tickets. Most people have read his story in the newspaper. Now, Evan has been offered a place at Kendall School to start in September. It’s the nearest one to his new house.

[Little Avan初三英语作文

I were a bird, but the fathers love is the sky, I fly in the fathers care. I am a little fish, and fathers love is the sea, I swam in the warmth of a father.

My father is an ordinary teacher, but in my eyes is the worlds greatest dad.

I remember one year winter, I went to school wearing a quilted jacket, the less I shivering cold, I rub regret didnt listen to mothers words to heart. Then listen to wu slightly said: "Ma Fengqi, your father is coming!" I walked out of the classroom, I saw dad with a smile, holding a cotton-padded jacket, said "here, put on". I put on my winter jacket, warm, the in the mind is warm, father said "later should pay attention to". I tried nodded with a smile. Back home, mother heard that I went to school wearing a quilted jacket, less mercilessly scold me a meal, was going to beat me, dad came over with a smile, say "children dont understand, forget it." I am grateful to look at dad, dad I with tolerance education.

At another time, I ran a curse outside also lied to my mother, mother criticism let me blush with shame, I shed tears of regret. Dad saw hurriedly give me wipe tears, give me a reason, and the mother said: "beat and scold the child is not the best education method, to give them reasonable. After all, was a child." Father has told me a lot of truth, let me be a mistake.

I grew up day by day, know to be grateful parents. When I tired parents pass a hot cup of tea; Finished eating dinner, mom and dad rest, I to wash the dishes.

I have a good father, he let me know what love is. I grew up in love, in the heart lit a lamp that gratitude lamp, light up my life!

我是一只小鸟，而爸爸的爱是天空，我飞翔在父爱的关怀中。我是一条小鱼，而爸爸的爱是海洋，我游弋在父爱的温馨中。

我的爸爸是一名普通的教师，但在我眼里却是世界上最伟大的爸爸。

记得有一年严冬，我上学少穿了一件棉袄，冻得我直哆嗦，我搓着手心里后悔没听妈妈的话。这时听吴微微说：“马凤岐，你爸爸来了!”我走出教室，只见爸爸微笑着，手里拿着一件棉袄，说“来，穿上吧”。我穿上棉袄，身上暖和了，心里更是暖洋洋的，爸爸说“以后要注意啊”。我笑着使劲地点了点头。回到家里，妈妈听说我上学少穿了一件棉袄，狠狠的训斥了我一顿，正要打我，爸爸笑着走过来，说“小孩子不懂事，算了吧。”我感激的看着爸爸，爸爸用宽容教育了我。

还有一次，我在外面闯了祸还对妈妈撒慌，妈妈的批评让我脸红，我流下了悔恨的泪水。爸爸见了急忙给我擦干眼泪，给我讲道理，并对妈妈说：“打骂孩子不是最好的教育方法，要给他们讲道理。毕竟还是小孩子嘛。”爸爸有给我讲了好多道理，让我心悦诚服的认了错。

我一天天长大，知道了要感恩父母。我会父母劳累的时候递上一杯热茶;吃完了饭，爸爸妈妈休息，我来洗碗。

我有一个好爸爸，他让我知道了什么是爱。我在爱中成长，心中亮着一盏感恩的灯，照亮我的人生路!

What impresses me most in Beijing is the Great Wall which is one of the

greatest projects in the world.

Its not only the cultural heritage, but also a symbol of China. "Its

glorious." I think. It looks like a big dragon running across the mountainous

area. It starts Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west.Its so long that nobody can walk from the beginning to the end.It was firstly built in Qin Dynasty and prolonged in Ming and Qing

dynasties.It was used to protect the enemies from invading in the past, but now it

has become the place of interest which attracts so many tourists both at home

and abroad.

When I was standing on the top of the Great Wall, I felt as if I were in

ancient days.

I could see many laborers working very hard. How could they finish this

extremely difficult task by hand?

Golden Week

Golden week means long vacation. I’m in favor of the existing of golden week. Every year, I’m looking forward to its coming. During the golden week, I can have a good rest at home or go for a travel if my parents would like to. It is very wonderful. A semester is very long, and I often feel tired after a semester. Thus, if I can have a little long vacation during the long time study would be great. After I have a good rest, I can study effectively. Having a good rest, everyone would be full of energy.

黄金周意味着长假。我支持黄金周的存在。每年我都期待着黄金周的到来。在黄金周期间，我可以在家好好的休息或者我爸爸妈妈喜欢的话我还可以去旅游。真是太棒了一个学期是非常长的，经过一个学期，我经常感到很累。因此，如果我能在长时间的学习中有一个长假是非常好的。我休息好之后，我可以有效地学习。休息好后，每个人都会充满能量。

初三英语作文：The space

The earth moves round the sun,and the moon moves round the earth.When our part of the earth turns to the sun,it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun,it is night.

The sun is bigger than the moon.But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun,because it is much nearer to the earth.

The sun is very bright.It gives very strong light.The moon looks quite bright,too,but it doesnt give any light at all.The light from the moon comes from the sun.

The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the other stars.But in fact many stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon.They look smaller than the moon because they are farther away from the earth.

[The space初三英语作文

I used to be a problem student. I was always late for school, listened to music and ate snacks in class. What’s worse, I hardly ever finished my homework on time.Luckily, with the help of my teachers and classmates, things changed a lot. Now I behave well and study hard. I can almost finish my homework well with the help of my classmates. What’s more, I get on well with others and always help others. I have learned a lot over these three years, but I know I could hardly succeed without the people who helped and supported me—my teachers, my parents and my classmates.

I won’t forget the days I have spent in my junior high school. I’m looking forward to new experiences in senior high school. Although the life in high school is hard ，I have confidence to do better in the future.

March 6th, 2014

Dear Mr Li,

李老师：

I’m sorry to tell you that I have to ask for sick leave for the whole afternoon class. Because I have a heavy headache now and feel very sick. I think I have to ask for sick leave to go to hospital for medicine. I will attend the next day classes on time.

我很抱歉地告诉你，我想请一整个下午的病假。因为我现在头很疼而且感觉很难受。我觉得我必须得请假去医院看医生。我会准时参加明天的课。

Yours repectful,

Tim

蒂姆

Today I found time was a cruel thing. Whatever man is, time always goes on.It won‘t stay to wait for somebody. You can‘t use anything to exchange time. Time is also a fair thing. Although you have a lot of money or you enjoy high reputation, time won‘t leave them more. Today I found I hadn‘t enough time. Although I have 50-day holiday, but I found I had a lot of things to do.

I had a lot of homework to do and I had something necessary to do.

[时间初三学生英语日记

导语：英语写作能力作为体现语言交际能力至关重要的一个方面,写作测试是对学生书面交际水平及能力进行检验最有效的途径。以下是yjbs作文网小编为您收集整理的写作技巧，希望对您有所帮助。

要想获得高分就应在“正确”表达的基础上写出自己的特色，写出自己的“亮”点。

一、词汇选择——标新立异

在写作中“较高级词汇”的使用主要是指使用《大纲》上没有的词语、使用通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同(近)义词或反义词等来代替常见词语。

1)这栋房子在芳草街的一栋楼上。

A: The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.

B: The flat situates in a building on Fangcao Street.

分析:is in是常见词语，而situates in则是《大纲》上没有的，属于高级词汇。

2)在周末我们做很多作业。

A: At weekends, we have a lot of homework to do.

B: At weekends, we have endless homework to do.

分析:B句在表达时没有使用过于直接的a lot of，而是使用了endless。endless就是由《大纲》词汇end加后缀-less变化来的。

3)洗澡间和厨房都很好。

A: The bathroom and the kitchen are good.

B. The bathroom and the kitchen are well-furnished.

在表达要点时，B句使用了well furnished,这比good语气强，也显得生动。

在造句时,“较高级词汇”如能运用贴切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一个，也会使你的作文显示出与众不同。

二、结构造句——与众不同

在造句时,既要使句子生动，又要使其简明扼要。

1、使用与人不同的表达方式，特别是提倡打破汉语句子结构的束缚而重组的句子更受欢迎。

1)唐山曾在二十世纪八十年代发生过一次大地震。

A: There was a strong earthquake in Tangshan in the 1980s.

B: A terrible earthquake hit/struck Tangshan in the 1980s.

大多数同学使用了there be结构，这是对的，但是B句却摒弃了常见句式。另辟蹊径而使用了“主语+谓语+宾语”结构，且使用了terrible,hit/strike这样的词汇，更是难能可贵的。

2)你八月十五日的来信我今天早晨收到了。

A:I received your letter which was written on August 15th this morning.(多数人使用的方式)

B: Your letter of August 15th reached/ got to me this morning.(与多数人使用的方式不同,简洁)

2.使用一些强势句式，如强调句、感叹句、倒装句等，增强语句的表现力。如：

3)阿福救了我妹妹。

A: Ah Fu saved my sister.(一般句式)

B: It was Ah Fu that saved my sister.(强调句式)

4)我们看到庄稼和蔬菜长势喜人很是高兴。

A: We were glad to see crops and vegetables growing well.(一般陈述句)

B: How glad we were to see crops and vegetables growing well.(感叹句)

3、句式多样,复杂得体。在写作中应避免使用相同长度的相同句型，而应注意句式的变化，如长短句结合，简单句、并列句与复合句共用，还可使用简化句等;一些较复杂的结构如独立主格，分词结构等也可使用。下面的表达中A句简单句多，而且多处使用there be结构，显得单调、乏味，而B句就有自己的特色(请同学们自己分析)。

5)这是一套25平方米的住房，住房里面有卧室、有洗澡间、有厨房;卧室里有床、沙发、桌子和椅子等。

A: Its a flat of 25 square metres. There is a bedroom in the flat. There is a bathroom and a kitchen in it, too. In the bedroom, there is a bed; there is a sofa, a desk and a chair as well.

B: Its a flat of 25 square metres, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the bedroom there is a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair.

三、布局谋篇——独具匠心

在写作中，我们可按时间、空间或其它逻辑顺序来安排各要点，同时为使主题突出,结构严谨，我们应注意学习和使用交代句以及段落的主题句等。在布局谋篇上，NMET2002范文堪称典范。请看：

Opinions are divided on the question.

60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. They believe a public park should be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city.

On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardens and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggested, however, fees should be charged low.

1)该文使用Opinions are divided...作交代句，开门见山，随后两个段落均使用了主题句(见黑体字部分)，使全文结构紧凑，表达严谨。

2)在表述要点时范文还对要点出场顺序作了调整，如“40%的同学认为应收门票，但不宜过高。”前部分作为主题句放在句首，而后部分另起一句放在句末：They suggested, however, fees should be charged low.这样就分清了轻重缓急，主题突出，条理清楚。

3)范文使用了and, what is more, however等连词，在段落之间使用了on the other hand(说明前后两个观点是相悖的)，这些连接手段的运用加强了句子之间、段落之间的联系，使文章表达连贯，浑然一体。

4)范文在第二段为说明不收门票的“原因”时增加了Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away.等细节，这也是解决句与句之间缺少连贯性的常见方法。

写作技巧：

一、要善于模仿

对大多数学习英语的同学来说，英语的词汇量、句式的积累还极其有限，远不能达到用英文流畅表达，挥洒自如的境地。在这一阶段进行创作是不合时宜的，如果非要创造，只能写出“long time no see”这样的文字来。因此，模仿是这一阶段的必经途径。

谈到模仿，一些同学的办法就是背一堆范文，然后再到考场上进行一个“剪切”、“粘贴”的工作，效果可想而知。这不是真正意义上的模仿，充其量算是默写课文。如何模仿呢?

首先，模仿的目标要明确。模仿的重点永远要放在一定的句式结构上，而非个别的词汇。道理很简单：一个词，随着文章内容的变换，可能就不能用了;而句式结构是放置四海而皆准的东西，适用的范围广，学来对写作的帮助也就明显。

其次，模仿的材料要地道。像新概念英语这样的教材就提供了很多原汁原味的英语表达法。盲目选择文章学习，记一些不中不洋的句子，以讹传讹，浪费时间。

最后，模仿要体现在实际动笔上。比如说，新概念第三册有一个句式说：“…for the simple reason that…”表示某种现象的原因是什么，用在大学英语考试中，我们就可以拿来解释为什么自行车在中国如此的流行，表达为：“the bicycle is very popular in china for the simple reason that…”。然而，很多同学经常背了这些句式不用，一谈到原因仍然是“…because…”，等等。

二、要灵活变通

在批改英语作文的过程中，经常能发现一些将中文生硬地翻译成英文的表达法。由于中英文之间的差异和词汇量、表达法积累的不足，出现难于表达的情况是十分正常的。关键问题在于如何处理。有一句话叫做“立志如山，行道如水”，套用在这个问题上就很合适。写英文作文，一定要有决心把它写好，有信心把意思表达清楚，这是“立志如山”;但关键是遇到问题时要有个灵活的态度，能像流水一样变通解决问题。

有个翻译界的故事说：在某大型国际会议的招待会上，一道菜是用鸡蛋做的。与会的客人问翻译：“what is it made of?”本来是非常简单的一个问题，结果翻译太紧张，忘了“egg”这个词，但是他急中生智，回答：“it is made of miss hen’s son.”这里，就是一个灵活变通的范例。绕道表达，是写作中应该常常运用的一种方法。

三、要细心观察

要写好英语作文，还要带着敏锐的目光细心地观察，注意英语中一些表达上的习惯。

比如说，在正式文体的写作中，很少用 “it isn"t”这样的略缩形式，而往往是一板一眼地写作 “it is not”。同理，在正式文体中的日期一般不缩写，阿拉伯数字一般会用英文表达(特别长的数字除外)。

再比如说，翻翻新概念第三册所有的课文，会发现凡是一段文章的段首句出现转折时，转折词however都放在句子结构中的第二部分，以插入语的形式出现。分析原因，是因为段落一开始就用转折词，会时转折显得较生硬、突兀。

最后，许多同学在写作文时，习惯于把 “since” “because” “for”这样的词放在句首引导原因状语从句。事实上，在我们见到的英语报刊杂志文章中，这样的从句一般都是放在主句之后的。另外, “and”也常常被误放在一句话的开头，表示两个句子之间的并列或递进关系。其实，经常留心地道的英语文章能发现，如果是并列关系，完全可以不用连词;如果是递进关系，用 “furthermore” “what is more”更为普遍。

The summer holiday is approaching. Our class have had a heat discussion about what to do during the vocation.

Some agree to staying at home. They think it’s convenient and comfortable. What’s better, they can save some money for some other purposes. But they will lose a chance to get to know the outside world. However, others prefer to go out for travelingbecause it can increase their knowledge and broaden their views. But it will take them more money and meet some more difficulties while traveling.

In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.

暑假即将来临。我们班有一个讨论热放假期间该做什么。

一些同意待在家里。他们认为这是方便和舒适。更好的是,他们可以节省一些钱用于其他目的。但是他们可能会失去一个机会去了解外面的世界。然而,另一些人喜欢出去旅游,因为它可以增加他们的知识和拓宽自己的视野。但需要更多的钱,旅行时遇到一些困难。

在我看来,这将是更好的呆在家里,因为我可以做我想做的事,如读书、看电视,并帮助我的父母做家务。

In the June 1 childrens day, I got up very early, because my mother will take me to buy "TongLeGu" children present.

Come to "TongLeGu", at first glance I see that so many beautiful skirt hung on the wall, cabinet on countless toys, there are all kinds of shoes on the shoe.

Mother first chose a skirt for me. Mother to see the dress on the wall, this one, no, this one, also not line, my mother said. Suddenly, the mothers eyes shone with the light, that the shop assistant took the skirt with delicate do manual work. I know mother like the dress, I also like very much, because this dress is pink, mother like a plaid skirt, and it is very comfortable to wear. So, mother will give bought this skirt.

Next, we choose toys for mom. Mother home for us three sisters chose three barbie dolls, my mother to brother picked a gyroscope.

All chosen, the mother paid the money, we later went home.

The "children", I am very happy, because my mother bought a gift for us, so I am very happy!

在六一儿童节里，我很早就起床了，因为妈妈要带我去“童乐谷”里买六一礼物。

来到了“童乐谷”，我第一眼看到的是：墙壁上挂着许许多多漂亮的裙子，柜子上摆着不计其数的玩具，鞋柜上放着各种各样的鞋子。

妈妈先给我选了条裙子。妈妈看墙壁上的裙子，这一件，不行，这一件，也不行，妈妈说。突然，妈妈眼里闪出亮光，叫售货员把这条做工精致的裙子拿下来。我知道妈妈很喜欢这条裙子，我也很喜欢，因为这条裙子是粉色的，妈妈喜欢有格子的裙子，而且穿起来很舒服。所以，妈妈就把这条裙子给买了下来。

接下来，妈妈要为我们选玩具了。妈妈为我们家的三姐妹选了三个芭比娃娃，妈妈则给弟弟选了个陀螺。

全部都选好了，妈妈付了钱，我们满载而归地回家了。

这个“六一”，我很开心，因为妈妈给我们买了礼物，所以我很高兴!

No matter when and where, in no circumstances can we deny the great importance of manners.

无论何时何地，我们都不会否认礼貌的重要性。

Firstly, a person with good manners is often considered to be more trustworthy and easygoing, which helps him make more friends and get needed help from others. Besides, people are more willing to show their respect to the polite people and cooperate with them, bringing them many opportunities to change. Still most importantly, being polite helps reduce misunderstanding between people, contributing to a harmonious and enjoyable relationships.

首先，一个有礼貌的人往往被认为是更值得信赖、更随和的，这有助于他结交到更多的朋友，得到别人的帮助。此外，人们更愿意尊重有礼貌的人，与他们合作，这会为他们带来很可以改变的机会。还有最重要的是，礼貌有助于减少人们之间的误解，促进和谐、愉快的关系。

Hello, Everybody! I am very glad to stand here to give you my introduction. I am from Liangbing Middle School. I am studying in Class 1,Grade 7. I love my hometown Liangbing because it’s a very beautiful town.

I have many hobbies, such as reading books, listening to music, surfing the Internet and traveling. But listening to music is my favorite. I like pop music best. My idol are Jay. I am a lively girl. I like making friends and chatting with them. I can play the Chinese Kungfu. I passed all ten levels when I was in Grade 5.However, because of the busy study, I don’t have any free time to practise it. What a pity!I am good at Math and English and I like English better. In my opinion, it’s very easy and fun to learn and use English and this contest is a great chance for me to learn English from others. My saying is god help those who help themselves and I will never give up during my course of learning.

Now, after listening to my introduction, do you know me well?

That’s all. Thank you!

Anything can happen in this rapidly changing society. People who cant

believe in miracles are impossible to achieve miracles and to create miracles.

In fact, sometimes it is easy to get a miracle. If you dont hesitate, you can

do it. Good luck, you think, is the result of action. The only way to catch the

seemingly impossible is to go after it. It is impossible to create a miracle if

you are satisfied with the status quo, doubt everything, and fear the

failure.

Yao Ming is a famous Chinese baskeball player. He is so excellent that he joined in NBA when he was 22 years old. He is the proud of our China. His excellent performance in the match always inspire many Chinese. He looks straightforward and good-nature. And his height about 2.26 meters is as famouse as his skill in playing basketball. Because of him, I love playing basketball. He is my idol..

姚明是中国著名的篮球运动员。他是如此的优秀，所以他在22岁的时候加入了。他是我们中国的骄傲。他在比赛中出色的表现一直激励着许多中国人。他看起来很憨厚。2.26米的身高与他的球技同样出名。因为他，我喜欢上打篮球。他是我的偶像。

I live in a flat in a building. The building is very modern. There are about ten floors and I live on the top floor. I think my flat is very wonderful. The dining room is next to the kitchen. We always have dinner there, and my mother often cooks some delicious food for us. I can t cook, but I often help Mum wash the dishes. Sometimes my friends come to my flat and they teach me how to cook. So now, I can cook something for my family. I like the sofa in my sitting room. It is very comfortable and it is purple. What a nice colour! The bathroom with a bath and a shower has a mirror. It is in the shape of star. There are four members in my family. They are my father, my mother, my brother and I. My parents work hard. They are very tired and I think they should have a good sleep. So the bedroom is the best place. My younger brother is only six years old. I love him even though he troubles me some times. In my bedroom, there are lots of posters of Angela on the wall. Angela is my favourite super star. She is beautiful. There is a garden in the district.

You can go walking there. I also want to tell you about my dream home. It is near a sea. It s made of wood. Maybe that will come true.

[最新初三英语作文:My Family And My Flat

Those who live in cities around the world are likely going to have similar

experiences about living and the associated challenges regardless of their

location on the globe. Most of these challenges revolve around stress which

studies have shown is a part of living. Regardless of what you do and your

profession and place stress is not avoidable but could be minimized. Those who

see stress as an enemy will probably live an irritable life which is quite

unnecessary.

How then do we cope with stress? I am going to give you tips that have

helped and are still helping me in coping with life in the city of Lagos

Nigeria, the most populous African city, where orientation of people is quite

different in many ways about stress and living with others.